托福阅读备考4个容易被忽视的细节分析
“Jo”通过精心收集，向本站投稿了5篇托福阅读备考4个容易被忽视的细节分析，下面是小编给大家带来的托福阅读备考4个容易被忽视的细节分析，以供大家参考，我们一起来看看吧!
篇1：托福阅读备考4个容易被忽视的细节分析
托福阅读备考4个容易被忽视的细节分析
托福阅读备考请提前准备词汇
如果基础一般的同学，想要参加托福考试，最好提前3-4个月准备起来。一本好的词汇书是必不可少的。其实背哪一本词汇书不是重点所在，重要的是能够持之以恒，每天对所背的词汇进行复习和总结。因为你在做词汇题时如果能遇到你熟悉的词，可以节省你会到文章中去看上下文猜词的时间。虽然不能保证背到就一定能考到，但是单词可以帮助你更好的理解文章。曾经有一名语言专家这样说过：“Without grammar, little can be conveyed and without vocabulary, nothing can be conveyed.”足以说明词汇的重要性。
托福阅读训练先看懂文章结构
接下来大家要从理解文章的结构开始理解文章。我们要明白，托福考试的阅读文章都是北美校园基础课程的文章，基本没有做过改动。所以文章的结构就是完全按照美式作文的五段法，我们的考生只要用这样的方式去分析每一篇文章，就会发现他们的结构是大同小异的。
托福阅读备考需重视积累背景知识
积累背景知识对我们来说相当的重要，因此我们在做新托福阅读的题目的同时，也应该在空余的时候多阅读课外读物，原版杂志。譬如，国家地理、自然等一些著名的原版杂志，这不仅可以扩充我们的背景知识，同时也可以补充我们在词汇量上的不足。
托福阅读备考考前也要做模考
在复习的最后阶段，做做模拟练习题是必不可少的。如果有条件的话，最好做一下模考软件。因为这样可以模仿新托福机考的真实场景。比较推荐的模考软件有Barron, Kaplan以及一些比较权威的模考网站。当然在你报名时托福官方网站提供给你的那一套不完整的模考题也是很有参考价值的。
托福阅读100个长难句精选汇总深度解析：In Europe it took a little...
托福阅读100个长难句实例分析
原句案例：
In Europe it took a little longer, mainly because there were more small producers for whom the costs of sound were prohibitive, and in other parts of the world problems with rights or access to equipment delayed the shift to sound production for a few more years. (though cinemas in major cities may have been wired in order to play foreign sound films)
词汇讲解：
prohibitive /pr?'h?b?t?v/ adj. (指价格等)高得买不起的;禁止性的
结构划分：
(In Europe) it took a little longer,(mainly because there were more small producers) (for whom the costs of sound were prohibitive),and ( in other parts of the world) problems (with rights or access to equipment) delayed the shift to sound production (for a few more years) ( though cinemas in major cities may have been wired in order to play foreign sound films).
深度分析：
本句的主干就是一个并列结构：it took a little longer and problems delayed the shift to sound production
修饰一：(In Europe)，介词短语
修饰二：(mainly because there were more small producers)，从句
中文：主要是因为有更多小的制造商
修饰三：(for whom the costs of sound were prohibitive)，从句，修饰produces
中文：对于他们来说转换声音的成本巨大
修饰四：(with rights or access to equipment)，介词短语，修饰problems
中文：专利权以及设备的问题
修饰五：(for a few more years)，介词短语
修饰刘：(though cinemas in major cities may have been wired in order to play foreign sound films)，括号，解释说明
中文：虽然在很多大城市的影院为了播放国外有声电影已经用线装好了设备
参考翻译：
欧洲花得时间要长一些，主要是因为有更多小的制造商，对于他们来说转换声音的成本巨大。在世界其它部分，专利权以及设备的问题延迟了向声音产业转变很多年。(虽然在很多大城市的影院为了播放国外有声电影已经用线装好了设备)
托福阅读100个长难句精选汇总深度解析：In the multiplicity...
托福阅读100个长难句实例分析
原句案例：
In the multiplicity of small-scale local egalitarian or quasi-egalitarian organizations for fellowship, worship, and production that flourished in this laissez-faire environment, individuals could interact with one another within acommunity of harmony and ideological equality, following their own popularly elected leaders and governing themselves by shared consensus while minimizing distinctions of wealth and power.
词汇讲解：
multiplicity /?m?lt?'pl?s?t?/ n. 多，多样性
egalitarian /?'g?l?'t?r??n/ adj.平等主义的
fellowship n. 友谊，交情;团体，协会;会员资格
quasi /'kwesai/ adj. 准...，半...
laissez-faire /?lese??f e?/ adj. 放任自由的
ideological /?a?d???'l?d??k?l/ adj. 意识的
consensus /k?n'sens?s/ n. 意见一致
结构划分：
(In the multiplicity of small-scale local egalitarian or quasi-egalitarian organizations)(for fellowship, worship, and production) (that flourished in this laissez-faire environment), individuals could interact with one another (within a community of harmony and ideological equality), (following their own popularly elected leaders)and (governing themselves by shared consensus) (while minimizing distinctions of wealth andpower.)
深度分析：
这个句子的主干是：individuals could interact with one another
修饰一：(In the multiplicity of small-scale local egalitarian or quasi-egalitarian organizations) ，介词短语，
中文：在小规模的当地的平等或半平等的组织的多样性中
修饰二：(for fellowship, worship, and production) ，介词短语，修饰organizations
中文：目的是关于协会、崇拜和生产
修饰三：(that flourished in this laissez-faire environment) ，从句，修饰organizations
中文：这些组织在这种放任自由的环境中繁荣发展
修饰四：(within a community of harmony and ideological equality) ，介词短语
中文：在一个和谐以及意识平等的社区中
修饰五：(following their own popularly elected leaders)，非谓语动词
中文：追随他们自己选出的领导
修饰六：(governing themselves by shared consensus) ，非谓语动词
中文：通过共识而实现自我管理
修饰七：(while minimizing distinctions of wealth and power.) ，非谓语动词
中文：在最小化财富和权利差异的同时
参考翻译：
当地有很多有关协会、崇拜和生产的小规模平等或半平等的组织(这些组织在这种放任自由的环境中繁荣发展)，在这些组织的多样性中，大家能在一个和谐以及意识平等的社区中互相交流，追随他们自己选出的领导，并且在最小化财富和权利差异的同时，通过共识而实现自我管理。
托福阅读100个长难句精选汇总深度解析：The possibility that...
托福阅读100个长难句实例分析
原句案例：
The possibility that mass extinctions may recur periodically has given rise to such hypotheses as that of a companion star with a long-period orbit deflecting other bodies from their normal orbits, making some of them fall to Earth asmeteors and causing widespread devastation upon impact.
词汇讲解：
recur /r?'k??/ v. 再发生，复发
periodically adv.定期地，周期性发生地
hypothesis /ha?'pɑθ?s?s/ n. 假说，假设
deflect /d?'fl?kt/ v. (使某物)运动转向;使某人改变原来的计划
meteor /'mi?t??/ n. 流星
devastation /?dev?'ste??n/ n. 毁坏，荒废
impact /?m'p?kt/ n. 撞击，冲击;影响
such sth as/that...：(像後面提及的)那样的, 这样的
结构划分：
The possibility (that mass extinctions may recur periodically) has given rise to such hypotheses as that (of a companion star)(with a long-period orbit) (deflecting other bodies from their normal orbits), (making some of them fall to Earth as meteors) and (causing widespread devastation upon impact).
深度分析：
这个句子的主干很简单：
The possibility has given rise to such hypotheses
注意这里的such sth as/that...：(像後面提及的)那样的, 这样的
例如：
Such a disaster as her car being stolen had never happened before.
Such poets as Keats and Shelley wrote Romantic poetry.
修饰一：(that mass extinctions may recur periodically)，从句，解释possibility
中文：大量物种灭绝可能会周期性发生
修饰二：(of a companion star) ，介词短语
中文：一颗伴星
修饰三：(with a long-period orbit) ，介词短语
中文：有长周期轨道
修饰四：(deflecting other bodies from their normal orbits)，非谓语动词
中文：使其它天体偏离正常轨道
修饰五：(making some of them fall to Earthas meteors)，非谓语动词
中文：使一些天体作为流星落入地球
修饰六：(causing widespread devastationupon impact)，非谓语动词
中文：在撞击时造成大范围破坏
参考翻译：
大量物种灭绝可能会周期性发生的可能性引起了像这样一个假说：一颗有长周期的伴星使其它天体偏离正常轨道，使一些天体作为流星落入地球，并在撞击时造成大范围破坏。
篇2：托福阅读备考要注意细节
托福阅读备考要注意细节 这4个常被忽视的问题别漏掉
托福阅读备考请提前准备词汇
如果基础一般的同学，想要参加托福考试 ，最好提前3-4个月准备起来。一本好的词汇书是必不可少的。其实背哪一本词汇书不是重点所在，重要的是能够持之以恒，每天对所背的词汇进行复习和总结。因为你在做词汇题时如果能遇到你熟悉的词，可以节省你会到文章中去看上下文猜词的时间。虽然不能保证背到就一定能考到，但是单词可以帮助你更好的理解文章。曾经有一名语言专家这样说过：“Without grammar, little can be conveyed and without vocabulary, nothing can be conveyed.”足以说明词汇的重要性。
托福阅读训练先看懂文章结构
接下来大家要从理解文章的结构开始理解文章。我们要明白，托福考试的阅读文章都是北美校园基础课程的文章，基本没有做过改动。所以文章的结构就是完全按照美式作文的五段法，我们的考生只要用这样的方式去分析每一篇文章，就会发现他们的结构是大同小异的。
托福阅读备考需重视积累背景知识
积累背景知识对我们来说相当的重要，因此我们在做新托福 阅读的题目的同时，也应该在空余的时候多阅读课外读物，原版杂志。譬如，国家地理、自然等一些著名的原版杂志，这不仅可以扩充我们的背景知识，同时也可以补充我们在词汇量上的不足。
托福阅读备考考前也要做模考
在复习的最后阶段，做做模拟练习题是必不可少的。如果有条件的话，最好做一下模考软件。因为这样可以模仿新托福机考的真实场景。比较推荐的模考软件有Barron, Kaplan以及一些比较权威的模考网站。当然在你报名时托福官方网站提供给你的那一套不完整的模考题也是很有参考价值的。
托福阅读高难度文章长难句实例解析：教学过程中的反思实践
托福阅读100个长难句实例分析
原句案例：
This was justified by the view that reflective practice could help teachers to feel more intellectually involve d in their role and work in teaching and enable them to cope with the paucity of scientific fact and the uncertainty of knowledge in the discipline of teaching.
词汇讲解：
paucity /?p?s?ti/ n.少量，少许，少数
结构划分：
This was justified (by the view) (that reflective practice could help teachers to feel more intellectually involved in their role and work in teaching and enable them to cope with the paucity of scientific fact and the uncertainty of knowledge in the discipline of teaching.)
深度分析：
修饰一：(bythe view)，介词短语，修饰justified
中文：通过这个观点
修饰二：(that reflective practice could help teachers to feel more intellectually involved in their role and work in teaching and enable them to cope with the paucity of scientific fact and the uncertainty of knowledge in the discipline of teaching.)，超级无敌长的同位语从句，解释view的内容，在从句中还有一个并列结构A and B
中文：反思实践可以帮助教师带着更多思考去融入他们在教学中的角色和工作，并使他们能在教学法中处理科学事实的缺乏和知识的不确定。
参考翻译：
这是合理的，因为基于这样的观点：反思实践可以帮助教师带着更多思考去融入他们在教学中的角色和工作，并使他们能在教学法中处理科学事实的缺乏和知识的不确定。
托福阅读高难度文章长难句实例解析：岛上生物群落共生关系
托福阅读100个长难句实例分析
原句案例：
It is significant that the earliest living things that built communities on these islands are examples of symbiosis, a phenomenon that depends up on the close cooperation of two or more forms of life and a principle that is very importantin island communities.
词汇讲解：
community n. 社区，团体，社会，(动植物的)群落
symbiosis /s?mba?'os?s/ n. 共生
结构划分：
It is significant that the earliest living things (that built communities on these islands) are examples of symbiosis, a phenomenon (that depends upon the close cooperation of two or more forms of life) and a principle (that is very important in island communities).
深度分析：
修饰一：(that built communities on theseislands)，从句，修饰living things
中文：在这些岛上建立生物群落
修饰二：(a phenomenon and a principle)，同位语，修饰symbiosis，注意这里的a phenomenon和a principle被从句隔开了，注意这里的断句
修饰三：(that depends upon the close cooperation of two or more forms of life) ，从句，修饰a phenomenon
中文：依赖两种或两种以上的生物紧密合作
修饰四：(that is very important in island communities)从句，修饰aprinciple
中文：在岛上生物群落非常重要
参考翻译：
在这些岛上建立生物群落的最早的生物以共生方式存在是非常重要的，共生是一种依赖两种或两种以上的生物紧密合作而生存的现象，也是在岛上生物群落非常重要的原则。
托福阅读高难度文章长难句实例解析：有声电影的批判观点
托福阅读100个长难句实例分析
原句案例：
Though it may be difficult to imagine from a later perspective , a strain of critical opinion in the 1920s predicted that sound film would be a technical novelty that would soon fade from sight, just as had many previous attempts, dating well back before the First World War, to link images with recorded sound.
词汇讲解：
perspective /p?'spekt?v/ n. 透视法，透视图;远景;观点，看法
strain n. 品种，类型
结构划分：
(Though it may be difficult to imagine from a later perspective),a strain of critical opinion inthe 1920s predicted that sound film would be a technical novelty (that would soon fade from sight),(just as had many previous attempts, (dating well back before the First World War),to link images with recorded sound).
深度分析：
这句话的主干就是a strain of critical opinion in the 1920s predicted that
修饰一：(Though it may be difficult to imagine from a later perspective)，从句
中文：虽然从以后的观点来看很难想象
修饰二：(that would soon fade from sight)，从句，修饰a technical novelty
中文：不久就会从视线里消失 修饰三：( just as had many previous attempts to link images with recorded sound)，从句，大家一定要注意这里的attempts to被插入语(dating well back before the FirstWorld War)隔开了，断句不要出问题
中文：就好像以前试图把图像和录音连接在一起的许多尝试一样。
修饰四：(dating well back before the First World War)，插入语
中文：追溯到一战以前
参考翻译：
虽然从以后的观点来看很难想象，但在20世纪代有一种批判的观点预测有声电影将会是不久就会从视线里消失的技术创新，就好像一战以前试图把图像和录音连接在一起的许多尝试一样。
托福阅读高难度文章长难句实例解析：夸张乞讨造成的伤害
托福阅读100个长难句实例分析
原句案例：
The answer lies apparently not in the increased energy costs of exaggerated begging——such energy costs are small relative to the potential gain in calories——but rather in the damage that any successful cheater would do to its siblings, which share gene s with one another.
结构划分：
The answer lies apparently not in the increased energy costs (of exaggerated begging)——(such energy costs are small relative to the potential gain in calories)——but rather in the damage (that any successful cheater would do to its siblings), (which share genes with one another).
深度分析：
这个句子主干是：The answer lies apparently not in the increased energy costs but rather in the damage，大家要注意这里的not…but结构，不是…而是
修饰一：(of exaggerated begging) ，介词短语，修饰costs
中文：夸张的乞讨
修饰二：—— (such energy costs are small relative to the potential gain in calories) ，破折号，解释说明
中文：这些能量消耗相对于可能获得的能量相比是很少的
修饰三：(that any successful cheater would do to its siblings) ，从句，修饰damage
中文：任何一个成功的欺骗者会对它的兄弟姐妹造成伤害
修饰四：(which share genes with oneanother)，从句，修饰siblings
中文：彼此拥有相同的基因
参考翻译：
答案明显不在于夸张的乞讨所增加的能量消耗——这些能量消耗相对于可能获得的能量相比是很少的——而是在于任何一个成功的欺骗者会对和它有同样基因的兄弟姐妹造成伤害。
托福阅读备考要注意细节
篇3：托福阅读高效备考细节
其实，当大家备考了一段时间后，你就会发现多数文章都是可以在文章标题中找到关键点的。但是只有把如此的关键点当成阅读全文指引，才能带来最大的收益。作为托福阅读的一种技巧，必须在清晰明了的审题后，再进入阅读。如果是为了形式化的“审题”，那对于全文阅读的效率依然是没有任何帮助的。
托福阅读背景之“外星人解密文件”
The CIA has released thousands of declassified documents on flying saucers, aliens and other unexplained phenomena.
美国中央情报局(CIA)日前公布了数千份有关飞碟、外星人及其他未解之谜的解密文件。
'We've decided to highlight a few documents both skeptics and believers will find interesting,' the agency said on its website.
中央情报局在官网上发表声明说：‘我们决定公开几份文件，它们将会引起怀疑者和信奉者的兴趣。’
The post continued: 'Below you will find five documents we think X-Files character Agent Fox Mulder would love to use to try and persuade others of the existence of extraterrestrial activity.'
声明称：“我们相信，接下来的五份文件会连《X档案》中的特别探员穆德也想要加以利用，试图说服他人外星活动真实存在。”
All of the documents are dated from the late 1940s to the 1960s, but were top-secret until now.
这些文件可追溯到20世纪40年代末到60年代，在此之前它们一直都是绝密文件。
One of the files attached to the post is a document from East Germany in 1952, where agents were called to investigate what witnesses described as a 'huge flying pan'.
在公布的文件中，有一份来自1952年的东德，文件记录了特工人员对目击者描述的“巨型飞盘”的调查。
The object was said to have a diameter of about 15 meters, according to the document.
据这份文件记载，该物体直径约为15米。
Similar flying saucers were also spotted in North Africa and Spain, the report said.
报告称，在北非和西班牙也发现了类似的飞碟。
'The picture [of the object] shows a diagonal stripe of diminishing width and lighter in shade than the sky over the dark bulk of a building cornice,' it was noted.
文件还记载道：“从照片来看，该物体表面呈宽度递减的斜条纹，它比飞檐上方的天空颜色更浅。”
Included with some of the documents were three pictures of the alleged extraterrestrials.
在部分文件中还附有所谓的外星生物的三张照片。
One of the photos - taken by British student Alex Birch in 1962 - claimed to show a group of flying saucers flying over the city of Sheffield in the UK.
其中一张照片是由英国学生亚历克斯·伯奇于1962年拍摄。这张照片展示了一群飞碟飞过英国谢菲尔德市的上空。
However the photo was proven to be a hoax.
然而，这张照片后来被证实是一场骗局。
The files also detail a case of flying saucers that were spotted over what was formerly Belgian Congo.
这些档案还对在比属刚果(刚果旧称)发现的飞碟事件进行了详细的记载。
The document reveals that two 'fiery discs' were seen over a uranium mine, and that the discs had 'glided curves and changed position many times'.
据文件披露，在铀矿上空发现了两个“火盘”，它们沿曲线轨迹滑翔，并多次变换位置。
It then adds: 'Suddenly, both discs hovered in one spot and then took off in a unique zigzag flight to the north east.
文件中写道：“突然，两个飞碟在一个地方盘旋，随即又沿独特的之字形轨迹向东北方飞去。
'A penetrating hissing and buzzing sound was audible to onlooker below. The whole performance lasted 10 to 12 minutes.'
“目击者听到一阵尖利的嘶嘶声和嗡嗡声。飞碟从出现到消失持续了10到12分钟。”
An aircraft was then set to investigate the object, and got with meters of the saucer and according to the pilot, the inner core of it remained totally still while the a knob opening could be seen from the outside.
一架飞机随后被派来侦查该物体，并飞到距飞碟几米远处。据飞行员说，飞碟内核区完全静止不动，从外部可以看到一个球形突出物。
The pilot then gave up his pursuit when the 'disc' appeared to disappear.
当“飞碟”消失后，飞行员也停止了他的追踪。
Also contained in the files is the case in Socorro, New Mexico in 1964, when police officer Lonnie Zamoraspotted a large flame rise from the ground and pierce the sky above a remote patch of desert.
这些档案中也包含了1964年发生在新墨西哥州索科罗的案例。当时警察朗尼·萨莫拉发现沙漠远处一团巨大火焰腾空而起，划破天空。
He went to investigate and found a shiny object the size of a sedan perched on the hilltop, which was oval in shape and aluminium in color.
他走过去想一探究竟，发现在山顶处有一个轿车大小的发光物体，椭圆状，呈金属铝的颜色。
The object then began to rise into the air and then sped away from him over the mountains and disappeared.
随即，该物体开始升上天，快速越过山头，然后从他眼前消失了。
The release of the documents coincide with the long-awaited return of The X-Files on Sunday.
这些文件的公开恰逢影迷期待已久的《X档案》在周日回归。
The beloved show was rebooted by the Fox Network after 10 years, with its two original stars reprising their roles.
这场深得观众喜爱的科幻剧时隔十年之后，由福克斯电视网续拍。原来的两大主演也将回归。
Vocabulary
reboot: 重新启动
reprise: 重演
托福阅读背景之外星人来地球度假
Government officials believe aliens may visit Earth and suggest harnessing UFO technology for UK defences, files say.
Documents from the Ministry of Defence classified archives show staff believed aliens could visit for “military reconnaissance”, “scientific” research or “tourism”.
In a 1995 briefing now published by the National Archives, a desk officer said the purpose of reported alien craft sightings “needs to be established as a matter of priority”, adding there did not appear to be “hostile intent”.
The unnamed official said it was “essential that we start with open minds”, explaining “what is scientific ‘fact’ today may not be true tomorrow”.
Clarifying he did not “talk to little green men every night”, he said: “We have a remit that we have never satisfied. That is, we do not now (sic) if UFOs exist.
“If they do exist, we do not know what they are, their purpose or if they pose a threat to the UK.
“If the sightings are of devices not of the earth then their purpose needs to be established as a matter of priority. There has been no apparent hostile intent and other possibilities are: 1) Military reconnaissance; 2) Scientific; 3) Tourism.”
He added that “if reports are taken at face value” they showed extraterrestrial vehicles had “a very wide range of speeds and are stealthy”.
Thus, he suggested, “we could use this technology, if it exists”.
His briefing document lists possible reasons for UFO sightings, including mass hallucinations, US aircraft, “atmospheric events” and hoaxes, but indicated none provide a fully convincing explanation.
It adds there are “some indications that the reported incidents are only the tip of an iceberg and many people do not wish to risk embarrassment and so do not report sightings”.
He also noted that the number of reports of “strange objects in the skies” increased dramatically after the Second World War, with most sightings coming from “farmers, policemen, doctors and lovers”.
在英政府公布的一批有关UFO的机密文档中，英政府官员称外星人可能造访地球，并提议利用外星人高超的飞行器技术为英国国防服务。
国防部机密档案的文件显示，有官员认为外星人造访地球可能是为了进行军事侦察，科学研究，或者度假观光。
在国家档案馆公布的一份1995年的简报中，一名事务员称应首先确认报告中的外星人乘飞行器到地球的目的，并称他们看起来并无“敌意”。
这位匿名官员还说：“重要的是，我们要有开放的思想，”并解释道“今天的科学‘事实’，到了明天可能并不正确。”
他澄清他从未“夜夜与小绿人谈话。”他说：“有一项工作我们一直没能实现。那就是，我们不知道UFO是否存在。”
“如果他们确实存在，我们也并不知道他们是什么物种，有什么目的，或是否会对英国造成威胁。”
“如果这些目击事件所观测到的装置不是地球上的，那么应首先确认这些外来者的目的。目前并未发现他们有明显的敌意，其他的可能目的有：1)军事侦察;2)科学研究;3)度假观光。”
他还说“若从表面上来看报告的内容”，外星人使用的交通工具速度奇快，而且应该具有隐形功能。
因此，他提议：“如果这种交通工具存在，我们可以利用它的技术。”
他在简报文件中列出了出现UFO目击事件的几种可能，其中包括集体幻觉，可能看到的是美国飞行器，可能是某种大气现象，甚至可能是恶作剧，但都没有做出能够完全令人信服的解释。
报告中还“暗示报告上来的UFO目击事件只是冰山一角，因为怕尴尬等原因，许多人并没有对政府报告自己的‘发现’。”
他还指出，在二战之后，报告“天空中出现奇异物体”的事件出现了迅猛增长，大部分报告者为“农民、警察、医生以及情侣”。
托福阅读背景之“俄政客自称遇见外星人”
A Russian MP has asked an eccentric regional leader to explain his behaviour after claiming on state television that he was visited at home by aliens in a UFO, media reported Thursday.
Kirsan Ilyumzhinov, head of the Buddhist Kalmykia region of southern Russia and president of the World Chess Federation (FIDE), announced without apparent irony on a high-profile chat show he had met the aliens in .
In an equally bizarre twist, Andrei Lebedev, an MP for the nationalist Liberal Democratic Party, has now written to President Dmitry Medvedev raising fears that secret information could have been disclosed in the close encounter.
“I ask you to say if the head of Kalmykia has made an official report to the Russian presidency about his contacts with representatives of an alien civilisation,” he said, quoted by tabloid Komsomolskaya Pravda and other media.
“Is there an established procedure of informing about such contacts by high ranking people who have access to secret information like Ilyumzhinov?
”And did he in the course of his seemingly innocent conversation disclose secret information?“
Ilyumzhinov had said in his comments, broadcast in late April, that the aliens appeared in a transparent tube on the balcony of his apartment in Moscow.
”I was reading my book, watching television and had almost fallen asleep. Then I felt that someone was calling.
“I would not have believed it, if I had not had three witnesses -- my driver, my minister and my aide,” he said.
This is not the first time the chess-mad leader has spoken of extraterrestrial encounters. He had earlier claimed to have been shown round a UFO in
据媒体本周四报道，俄罗斯一名地区领导人日前在接受当地一个电视台的采访时语出惊人，宣称自己曾在家中遇见搭乘不明飞行物的外星人。一名杜马议员要求他对他的这一行为做出解释。
俄罗斯南部信奉佛教的卡尔梅克共和国领袖、国际象棋协会主席基尔桑·伊柳姆日诺夫日前在一档高端人物谈话节目中严肃宣称，他曾在见过外星人。
同样不可思议的是，俄罗斯民族主义政党自由民主党成员、国家杜马议员安德烈•莱比德夫竟致信总统德米特里•梅德韦杰夫，称外星人可能在与伊柳姆日诺夫“亲密接触”时窃取了俄罗斯国家机密。
俄罗斯小报《共青团真理报》和其它媒体援引莱比德夫的话说：“我想知道这位卡尔梅克共和国领导人是否已向俄罗斯总统正式汇报了与外星人接触一事。”
“像伊柳姆日诺夫这样有机会接触到国家机密的高级官员，是否有一个既定的程序来汇报此类事件?”
“在他与外星人貌似很普通的交谈中是否泄露了国家机密?”
伊柳姆日诺夫在上月末的一档电视节目中称，他曾看到外星人搭乘一艘透明的太空船降落在他位于莫斯科公寓的阳台上。
“当时我正一边看书一边看电视，几乎快要睡着，突然觉得有人在叫我。”
他说：“要不是有司机、政府部长和助理三个目击证人，我自己都不敢相信。”
这位国际象棋界领导人已经不是第一次宣称自己遇见外星人。他曾称自己在参观过一个不明飞行物。
篇4：托福阅读细节题分析
托福阅读细节题：最能摸清你阅读基础的一类题
先给大家普及一下细节题的解题步骤：
1. 读题干，找出题干中的关键信息(就是题干提问的关键词)
2. 到文章中寻找关键信息对应的句子
3. 选择一个关键信息对应句子的同义改写选项
我们来看一道例题：
T17-1 Europe's Early Sea Trade with Asia
Paragraph 3: ……Even if they hugged theAfrican coastline, they had little chance of surviving a crossing of the IndianOcean Shortly after 1400. Shipbuilders began developing a new type of vesselproperly designed to operate in rough, open water: the caravel. It had a widerand deeper hull than the galley and hence could carry more cargo: increasedstability made it possible to add multiple masts and sails. In the largestcaravels, two main masts held large square sails that provided the bulk of thethrust driving the ship forward, while a smaller forward mast held atriangular-shaped sail, called a lateen sail, which could be moved into avariety of positions to maneuver the ship.
8. According to paragraph 3, what did thelateen sail contribute to the caravel as a sailing ship?
○It provided stability for the front partof the ship.
○It made it possible for the hull to bewider and deeper.
○It added considerably to the speed of thewind-driven ship.
○It improved the capacity of the ship to beguided.
这道题题干中的关键词是lateen sail. 带着它回文中找到相关信息：while a smaller forward mast held a triangular-shaped sail, called alateen sail, which could be moved into a variety of positions to maneuver the ship.这个句子比较长而且还出现了定语从句，开头还有一个托福阅读常考的词while，并不是一下子就可以顺译出来的，如果考托er们读不懂这个句子，大概会有如下两种情况：
第一种，如果TOEFLer们在这个句子中发现百分之五十以上的单词都不认识，那么同学们得赶紧回去背诵高中词汇，后期的学习计划就应该着重在大量时间花在单词背诵计划的制定上：高中词汇结束后再紧跟着背诵四级和托福词汇。而且TOEFLer再做题目的时候就不能一味地想要学习解题技巧，而应该着重基础的提升，无论是单词还是长难句。英文阅读和中文阅读一样，没有单词量的阅读就好像文盲读报纸，只能靠脑洞。
第二种，如果发现单词基本没问题，但是连which这个从句都不知道起什么作用，那么句法部分应该还有很大欠缺，尤其是从句部分知识。这种情况经常会出现在大学生群体中，他们的单词量经过四六级的洗礼已经比较拿的出手了，但是对于句法反倒没有高中生掌握的好，甚至遗忘比较严重，以至于读句子的时候多是把单词的意思往一起拼凑。这种学生通常会在做题时在迷惑性选项中一再栽跟头，因为无论原文还是选项他都是读得似懂非懂，就无法保证做题的正确率了。
综上所述，细节题是一种看起来简单实际上很考察阅读基本功的题型，通过一道细节题就可以考察出自己的问题在哪里，以及以后学习中需要加以注意的地方。各位TOEFLer平时在做题的时候也要多加以总结和思考哦。
托福阅读长难句：英国电视广告
The Independent Television Commission, regulator of television advertising in the United Kingdom, has criticized advertisers for “misleadingness”—creating a wrong impression either intentionally orunintentionally—in an effort to control advertisers' use of techniques that make it difficult for children to judge the true size, action, performance, or construction of a toy. (TPO14, 52)
我是分界线，大家先测试一遍速读是否理解
The Independent Television Commission, (regulator of television advertising in the United Kingdom), has criticized advertisers for “misleadingness”(—creating a wrong impression either intentionally or unintentionally—)(in an effort)(to control advertisers' use of techniques)(that make it difficult for children to judge the true size, action, performance, or construction of a toy.)
分析：
修饰一：(regulator of television advertising in the United Kingdom) ，同位语
中文：英国电视广告的管理者
修饰二：(—creating a wrong impression either intentionally or unintentionally—)，破折号和非谓语动词
中文：他们有意或无意营造了一个错误的印象
修饰三：(in an effort) ，介词短语
中文：努力
修饰四：(to control advertisers' use oftechniques)，非谓语动词
中文：控制广告商对技术的使用
修饰五：(that make it difficult forchildren to judge the true size, action, performance, or construction of a toy.) ，从句，修饰techniques
中文：这些技术使孩子很难去判断玩具的真实大小、动作、性能以及构造
参考翻译：
英国电视广告的管理者即独立电视委员会批评广告商的“误导”(他们有意或无意营造了一个错误的印象)，他们努力控制广告商对技术的使用，这些技术使孩子很难去判断玩具的真实大小、动作、性能以及构造。
这个句子的主要修饰成分就是从句、非谓语动词、同位语、介词短语，大家务必想清楚，每一个修饰成分修饰的是什么，才能看清楚这个句子的结构。
托福阅读长难句：逆流交换系统
In a countercurrent exchange system, the blood vessels carrying cooled blood from the flippers run close enough to the blood vessels carrying warm blood from the body to pick up some heat from the warmer blood vessels; thus, the heat is transferred from the outgoing to the ingoing vessels before it reaches the flipper itself. (TPO15, 55)
(In a countercurrent exchange system), the blood vessels (carrying cooled blood from the flippers) run close enough to the blood vessels (carrying warm blood from the body) (to pick up some heat from the warmer blood vessels); thus, the heat is transferred (from the outgoing to the ingoing vessels) (before it reaches the flipper itself). (TPO15, 55)
分析：
修饰一：(In a countercurrent exchange system)，介词短语
中文：在逆流交换系统中
修饰二：(carrying cooled blood from the flippers)，非谓语动词，修饰the blood vessels
中文：携带来自鳍部的冷血
修饰三：(carrying warm blood from the body) ，非谓语动词，修饰the blood vessels
中文：携带来自身体的温血
修饰四：(to pick up some heat from the warmer blood vessels) ，非谓语动词
中文：以便从带有温血的血管中获取热量
修饰五：(from the outgoing to the ingoing vessels) ，介词短语
中文：由流出的血管到流进的血管
修饰六：(before it reaches the flipper itself)，从句
中文：在到达鳍部前
参考翻译：
在逆流交换系统中，携带来自鳍部的冷血的血管非常接近携带来自身体的温血的血管以便从带有温血的血管中获取热量;因此，在到达鳍部前，热量通过由流出的血管到流进的血管完成了热量转移。
这个句子的主要修饰成分就是从句、非谓语动词、介词短语，大家务必想清楚，每一个修饰成分修饰的是什么，才能看清楚这个句子的结构。
篇5：托福阅读备考细节技巧指点
托福阅读备考细节技巧指点 阅读题目也能精读
托福阅读题目也能精读?
很多考生觉得，对托福阅读文章进行精读只需研究文章就可以了，事实上，托福阅读文章后面的题目也有很大的学习价值。在精读的最后阶段，你可以再次仔细阅读各道题目，扫除之前“蒙答案”的情况。
托福阅读题目怎么精读
具体来说，考生可以从三个方面精读题目。
1. 读懂题干选项辨析词汇
考生首先看一下自己是否真的读懂了每道题的题干和选项，如果题干和选项中出现不认识的单词，应进行查阅并记录到笔记本中。
2. 确认题目和原文关系
其次，考生再把每道题和原文的关系作一次确认，比如，托福阅读题目中常出现同义替换的关系，这里的同义替换包括两层含义：
首先是题干中的词汇和原文所对应的替换点，也就是考生是如何找到该题的定位句的;
其次是正确答案和原文所对应的替换点，也就是ETS是怎么写出这个答案的。
精读题目时，你可以找到这些替换点并逐一把它们记录下来，多次总结后，你会发现托福阅读中的同义替换会有一些常见的套路。比如，有些替换通过词性的变化来实现，有些替换则靠同义词改写，而有些替换则可能是变换句型。
3. 整理错题回顾复习
最后，考生可单独整理出错题，整理错题可以让考生看出自己哪些题型是比较薄弱的，考前再做一些针对性的练习。整理出来的错题也可以放到考前几天作为再次回顾复习的材料。
托福阅读100个长难句精选汇总深度解析：The presence of mammal...
托福阅读100个长难句实例分析
原句案例：
The presence of mammal species that require grassland vegetation has led Arctic biologist Dale Guthrie to argue that while cold and dry, there must have been broad areas of dense vegetation to support herd of mammoth, horse, and bison.
结构分析：
复合句。 主句主语+that引导的定语从句+主句谓语+宾语+同位语+宾补。that引导的宾语从句,其中含有while引导的让步状语从句。
句子分析：
the presence of mammal species 主语，that定语从句修饰species， 从句中require作谓语，grassland vegetation 作宾语。 had led 是主句谓语， Arctic biologist为宾语，Dale Guthrie 为宾语同位语，to argue 宾语补足语。本部分的意思：需要草地植被的哺乳动物的存在使得北极生物家戴尔古恩莱认为。
宾语补足语中包含that引导的宾语从句，其中，while cold and try 是让步状语从句，从句中省略了本文前一句提到的 the Beringian landscape和 was;cold and try 作从句表语。 that引导的宾语从句为there be句型，to support herd of mammoth, horse and bison做定语，修饰broad areas of dense vegetation。 本部分意思：尽管(白令海峡)寒冷干燥，那里肯定曾经有大面积茂密的植被来维持数目庞大的牛群，马和野牛的生存。
参考翻译：
需要草地植被的哺乳动物的存在使得北极生物家戴尔古恩莱认为：尽管(白令海峡)寒冷干燥，那里肯定曾经有大面积茂密的植被来维持数目庞大的牛群，马和野牛的生存。
托福阅读100个长难句精选汇总深度解析：Tolls on roads became...
托福阅读100个长难句实例分析
原句案例：
Tolls on roads became high enough to finance what has been called a road revolution, involving new surfaces and bridges, new passes through the Alps, and new inns and hospices for travelers.
结构分析：
复合句。句中包含what引导的宾语从句。
句子分析：
Tolls on roads主语， became high enough为系表结构， to finance …为结果状语。在结果状语中，finance为动词，what为宾语从句，其中，what充当主语，has been called a road revolution 为谓语部分。
本部分意思：公路通行费足以资助所谓的道路革命。
involving后置定语修饰revolution, new surfaces and bridges作involving的并列宾语1, new passes为宾语2，through the Alps为定语, new inns and hospices为宾语3，for travelers 为定语。
本部分意思：包括新的路面和桥梁，穿过阿尔卑斯的新关口，以及为旅客新提供旅馆和收容所。
参考翻译：
公路通行费足以资助所谓的道路革命，包括新的路面和桥梁，穿过阿尔卑斯的新关口，以及为旅客新提供旅馆和收容所。
托福阅读100个长难句精选汇总深度解析：Fire is death to papyrus...
托福阅读100个长难句实例分析
原句案例：
Fire, for example, which is death to papyrus paper or other writing materials such as leather and wood, simply bakes it hard, thereby making it even more durable.
结构分析：
复合句，结构较为简单，全句只含一个which 引导的定语从句。
句子分析：
主句主语fire, 谓语bakes， it 宾语(这里指代上文出现的clay，本句中没出现这个单词)，hard,宾语补足语。for example为插入语，which 引导的定语从句修饰fire。从句中，which指代fire，充当主语。is death to papyrus paper or other writing materials为谓语部分， such as leather and wood，举例说明有哪些materials。现在分词短语thereby making it even more durable作结果状语，it为宾语，even more durable 为宾补。
参考翻译：
例如，火只是将粘土烤硬，从而使其更耐用，而对于纸莎草纸或其他书面材料(如皮革和木材)，火意味着毁灭。
托福阅读备考细节技巧指点
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