托福写作提升用词能力高效训练经验介绍

“传我令”通过精心收集，向本站投稿了18篇托福写作提升用词能力高效训练经验介绍，以下是小编整理后的托福写作提升用词能力高效训练经验介绍，欢迎阅读分享，希望对大家有帮助。

篇1：托福写作提升用词能力高效训练经验介绍

托福写作提升用词能力高效训练经验汇总介绍

提升用词能力先要有词汇基础

托福考生想要提升自己的写作用词能力，首先要做的自然是必须具备足够的词汇基础。这里的基础并不只是托福考试要求的词汇量，而是为托福写作量身打造的词汇库。具体来说，考生需要具备能够运用于写作中的词汇库，里面的词汇大家都需要能够做到信手拈来随意使用也不会出现基本语法搭配错误的程度。另外对于自己习惯使用的词汇也需要准备至少3-4个同近义词和表达方式，以避免写作中的用词重复问题。拥有了一个专为自己定制的托福写作词汇库，考生的用词能力才能在此基础上得到提升。

积累托福写作用词汇要背英文释义

托福考试要求的词汇量是比较大的，因此很多同学在背单词时都会采取只记中文含义的做法来提升记忆效率。但这种方式背出来的词汇充其量只能算混个脸熟，并不足以用来写文章。想要让词汇能够被运用于写作当中，考生在记忆时就需要注意词汇的英文解释，体会词汇在英语中的具体语境和用法，并结合同近义词来加深联想记忆的印象。而当大家在写作时遭遇用词困难时，也同样需要避免直接使用那些只记得中文意思的词汇，因为这样的套用很可能出现搭配错误或者词不达意的情况，也就是所谓的中式英语chinglish。对于这类词汇，小编推荐大家先查一下带有英英解释的权威词汇，比如朗文牛津韦氏词典等等工具再使用，才能保证用词的准确无误。

适当进行翻译训练寻找错误

为了避免用词错误，小编建议大家在备考中抽出一定时间进行一些翻译方面的训练，选择的材料难度要适中，且需要自带质量较高的中文译文。大家可以在不看中文译文的情况下自己根据英文原文先做一遍中文翻译，然后再把自己翻译的结果对照材料自带的中文译文来寻找其中的差别，找出自己存在的问题。这也是一种能够有效避免托福写作用词错误的实用方法。

通过原版书籍报刊美剧电影积累用词经验

托福写作用词除了要具有多样性以外，能否用得恰到好处同样是大家需要考虑的问题。想要让自己的用词显得地道准确，让美国考官看不出chinglish的痕迹，小编比较推荐的做法是通过阅读原版的书籍报刊或是观看美剧电影来积累用词经验。书籍报刊自然不用多说，能够上刊物的文章水平自然毋庸置疑，至少在用词方面肯定是值得大家学习参考的地方，特别是让你印象深刻的措辞用句，如果能够学会使用显然是极好的。而美剧电影中呈现的英语虽然主要是口语形式，但其中一些贴切的表达方式也同样可以运用到写作之中，考生如果对照中英文字幕来看，也可以积累不少适用于托福写作的用词经验。

提升托福写作用词能力还是得背

当然，托福写作能力的提升，通过记忆来进行原始积累是必不可少的。词汇库的建立和拓展前面已经说过，而除了词汇外，大家通过上述各种方式整理汇总的好词好句也需要尽量背出来。很多同学一提到背就头疼，其实没有必要。毕竟英语不是我们的母语，想要达到如臂使指的程度自然需要付出努力，而这种努力带来的回报不仅会对托福写作有所帮助，也会是大家未来出国留学的资本。因此，提升托福写作能力，该背的还是要背。

以上就是小编为大家介绍的提升托福写作用词能力的一些经验和技巧分享指点。考生如果能够通过上述方法提升自己的托福写作用词水平，那么拿到托福作文高分自然也就更有把握了。

托福写作素材之honesty诚实

An old proverb once said honesty is the most important policy

Honesty is the keystone to a successful relationship that forms society. Without honesty nobody would be able to make friendships or bond with anyone. People use this simple method to telling the truth to build friendships and better the world. The entirety of the judicial branch in the United States would be pointless without honesty. No trial would conclude to a verdict if it was not for honesty.

Honesty is always important to have at any circumstance it will make you and the people that you have associations with feel a lot better. No one likes to keep secrets and lies yet it is natural to try benefit yourself by simply lying but in the end it always make the issue worse. Comment when people make white lies they feel that it is harmless but it could lead to a bad friendship without keeping things honest.

Honesty is the best policy it has helped build empires through being honest with its citizens. Lying is never the way to it, and it can lead to worsening circumstances. When someone asks another how they feel about a certain thing then they are asking for the honest opinion. If you were to lie to them in order to try to preserve the person in good spirits , they may be led down the wrong path because they never heard the real opinion.

People would not get along without honesty for many reason mostly because lying is always the consequences to not telling the truth and lying can harm people's feelings and mislead many.

注解：

is the keystone to：对什么来说很关键

lead to worsening circumstances：导致情况的恶化

preserve the person in good spirits：出于好意保护某人

get along ：相处很好

keep secrets ：保密

make white lies ：“白色”的谎言

harm people's feelings and mislead many：伤害别人、误导别人

双重否定句表达肯定：

Without honesty nobody would be able to make friendships or bond with anyone.

没有诚实就没有法交朋友、跟别人建立联系。

United States would be pointless without honesty. No trial would conclude to a verdict if it was not for honesty.

没有诚实美国也变得没有意义，没有诚实审判也没有任何裁定。

Citation：

//thesalesblog.com//12/05/talent-or-hard-work/

适用题目：

.12.17.NA

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?

It is impossible to be completely honest with your friend.

.10.25 NA

You are helping to elect a student leader for a student organization or a club. Do you agree or disagree that honesty is the most important thing to consider in deciding whom to vote for?

托福写作素材之跟兄弟一起看比赛

Not everyone likes to watch sports events, and this would be appreciated. However, taste preferences cannot be enforced, is not it? But if you are watching a football league for accompanying spouse, for example, you should not feel forced to do so. Therefore, a spectator sports event turned out to have many benefits.

“Mutual tied for sports, either win or lose, will strengthen the bond, helps us feel supported, and makes it easier to open about personal matters,” said Renee Clauselle, PsyD, private psychology clinic owner in Long Island, NY.

When you and your friends sponsor the same team, this will create a sense of family, plus Daniel Wann, PhD, professor of Murray State University who studied the psychology of sports fans for over 20 years. When you meet with others who are equally championed local teams, for example, “You will soon establish a connection with other people around you,” he said.

What other benefits of watching a sporting event?

1. So motivated to move

Seeing how fast the foot tennis player Maria Sharapova, or how slim the stomach swimmer Dara Torres, will certainly encourage you to go have it. You do not even need to practice with the standards of an athlete. The success of a friend to run around Senayan Main Stadium five times (though originally a one-time traveling alone is struggling!) Course will also encourage you to do the same achievement.

“You might see them walking, laughing, having fun, then think, ‘If they can, I certainly can too,'” said Dr. Wann. “The more you connect with the sport (through its own athletes or sports), are increasingly able to influence you to get moving.”

2. Watching the game with sports

According to research, just sitting watching the games, women with an average body weight 70 kg can burn over 100 calories. In fact, when you watch live soccer match at the stadium, or watch badminton in the field, you certainly will not just sit. You will besitting, standing, jumping, screaming, waving his hand to give encouragement. The same effect you will get when you watch it on TV with friends at the cafe. Cannot seat? Not a problem! With the stand throughout the game, you can burn 150 calories! Need a snack? Eat nuts.

3. You more longevity

You do not like to watch the game in person, and chose to watch on television. Perhaps, but try to invite my friends. If possible, have put together at home watching the show regularly. Because maintaining a strong social network, especially with friends healthy, will increase the chances of living longer by 50 percent. You will alsodouble their chances to beat the cancer, reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease, and prevent the flu, according to research from Brigham Young University study.

“Social good sport can help you cope with stress, so it will diminish the negative effects of experiencing physical and emotional pain,” said Julianne Holt-Lunstad, PhD, professor of psychology who led the study.

4. Good for your relationship

He is most pleased if you join a sports watch, even if you did not really enjoy it. However, when you get to watch, over time you will understand the game, and eventually become like him. If the favorite team wins, he will release the hormone testosterone to boost libido, and feeling like this will carry over in bed. No wonder, watching sports events eventually become a means of quality time for couples. Research also shows, sharing the same interests can boost domestic harmony.Mutually supportive marriage is good for heart health, and help you live longer.

5. Make you smarter

Watch sporting events can improve the ability to communicate and help you stay organized. Researchers from the Univesity of Chicago in a study in revealed that watching the game would be an exercise for the brain. In the experiment, 12 college level hockey players, eight fans of hockey, and nine people who never watch hockey or played sports, listened to broadcast hockey games, while a machine recording their brain function. After that, they were given tests to analyze their understanding.

The experiment concluded, athletes and sports fans are not only able to understand the game better, but also suffered brain activity in motor areas related to planning, monitoring, and performance. This suggests that exercise can help your audience absorb and digest the information as if you also play the sport.

重点搭配和句子摘抄：

Seeing how fast the foot tennis player Maria Sharapova, or how slim the stomach swimmer Dara Torres, will certainly encourage you to go have it.

看到莎拉波娃的脚步移动如此之快，游泳运动员托雷斯的腹部如此的健美，你就会鼓励自己同样拥有这些。

encourage you to do the same achievement：

鼓励自己获得同样的成就

burn over 100 calories：

燃烧100的卡路里

when you watch live soccer match at the stadium, or watch badminton in the field,

当你在现场看足球或是在场地里看羽毛球

sitting, standing, jumping, screaming, waving his hand to give encouragement

做着、站着、跳起来、大声尖叫、互动自己的手臂给予鼓舞

maintaining a strong social network：

维持很强的社交网络

will increase the chances of living longer

增加长寿的机会

double their chances to beat the cancer, reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease, and prevent the flu

战胜癌症的几率会增加一倍、较少心血管疾病的发病率同时也可以防止流感的发生

Social good sport can help you cope with stress, so it will diminish the negative effects of experiencing physical and emotional pain.

社会公益类体育运动可以帮助你应对压力，可以降低身体和情感痛苦的负面效应。

understand the game：理解这项体育运动

release the hormone testosterone to boost libido：

释放荷尔蒙睾丸酮推动力比多;

a means of quality time for couples：

对伴侣来说拥有一个高质量时间的方式

Mutually supportive marriage：

互相扶持的婚姻

improve the ability to communicate and help you stay organized：提高交流的能力、帮助你变得有序

be an exercise for the brain

对大脑来说是个很好的锻炼

analyze their understanding

分析他们的理解

help your audience absorb and digest the information

帮助听众吸收和消化信息

Citation：

wbsnhr69.wordpress.com//03/15/5-advantages-if-likes-watching-sports/

适用题目：

Many people spend lot of time watching sports programs on TV or following their favorite sports teams. Doing these two things will have negative impacts on their life.

篇2：托福写作如何提升用词水平

托福写作如何提升用词水平?手把手教你升级词汇储备提档次

托福独立写作词汇评分标准

托福独立写作对于考生的词汇运用有明确的评分标准，最高一级的5分评分中要求考生在词汇使用方面表现出appropriate word choice并可以容忍minor lexical errors。4分则是展示range of vocabulary，即便有occasional noticeable minor errors in word form，只要不影响意思也行。从这里可以看出，独立写作首先要求的是用词的恰到好处appropriate，其次是range。简单来说也就是用词的准确性和词汇量。因此考生想要在写作词汇的评分上有所进步，就需要针对这两点来下功夫。

提升托福写作词汇先从量入手

根据上面的两个要点，小编认为想要提升写作中词汇的得分，考生先要做的是提升词汇的量。有人会问为什么不直接从准确性开始呢?在小编看来，所谓准确性，其前提就是要有词汇量。英语词汇比较tricky的一点就是表达相似意思的词汇数量很多，同样是好，你可以用good,great这种最基础的词汇，也可以用到更高档一些的amazing, wonderful, fabulous等等。具体用哪一个则需要根据相应的语言环境和搭配来做决定。这也正是appropriate的意义所在。而想要做到这一点，考生就必须能在表达某个意思时拥有多种选择。说的明白一些，要有的选你才能知道哪个更合适。如果考生在想要表达某个含义时绞尽脑汁也只能想到一个词，根本没有选择用词的余地，那么appropriate本身就无从谈起了。因此，先提升托福写作的词汇量，才是大家的首要任务。

如何提升托福写作词汇量?

那么，考生具体要怎么来提升自己的托福写作词汇量?

1. 背写作专用词汇是基础

相信一说到提升词汇量，大家先想到的肯定是找本词汇书来背。这种方法虽然看似没什么新意属于笨办法，但实际上也的确是从基础上增加词汇量的好方法。特别是如今托福考试的备考资料越来越多分类也越来越详细，想要找到一本专门为写作准备的词汇书或是相关的学习资料其实并不是难事。大家如果在写作中词汇实在比较缺乏，那么先通过背词汇书来打一下基础还是很实惠的做法。

2. 结合自身用词习惯拓展词汇

当然，光是打好基础还是不够的，有不少词汇大家可能早就背出来了，但就是想不到或是不会用到写作里面。这个和每个人的用词习惯有很大关系。而既然是习惯，强行去改变它，逼着自己用一些以前绝对不会用的词并不是理想选择。小编觉得反其道而之可能更好。

具体做法是先自己动手写几篇托福作文，然后把其中自己常用的词汇都找出来。接下来的步骤是关键，大家查字典也好，对照同近义词汇教材也好，把这些常用词汇的同近义词亲戚朋友都尽量找出来并且罗列在一起，每个常用词至少也要有3个左右的相似词汇，能找到更多则更好，上不封顶。这些拓展出来的词汇，就是你下一步需要背熟拼写含义，掌握用法搭配的目标。这些词汇建议大家反复多次的记忆背熟，之后写作中也尽量多主动去使用它们，通过实际运用进一步加深印象彻底转化为自己的写作新“常用词”。由于这些词跟你之前用习惯的词汇沾亲带故，想要掌握它们的难度比随手找来的陌生词汇显然会容易不少。通过这种方式，大家的托福写作用词就能得到较为稳固的提升了。

接下来就是提升用词准确性

完成托福写作词汇量的拓展之后，想要进一步冲刺5分评价，也就是26+以上作文分数的同学，接下来的努力目标就要回到提升用词准确性上了。而如果按照之前先提升词汇量的步骤，想要做到appropriate也并非难事。还是用之前那些拓展出来的常用词。既然每一个常用词大家都找到了至少3个左右的同近义词或者说是替代词，那么接下来大家要做的就是进行详细的词义辨析工作。虽然每一组词汇都有相似的基本意思，但在细节用法，词汇搭配还有详细含义上这些词汇必然还是会存在微小差别的。发现了解这些细微差别，考生就能知道在不同的场合下这一组词汇中的哪一个词汇才是最适合最能贴切表达意思的词汇。如果考生能够对自己储备的所有常用词汇都做到按基本含义组别和细节差异进行精准地选词用词，那么用词评分标准中appropriate的要求也就能够顺利达成了。

托福写作高分满分范文点评和思路解析：学生放假时间的安排

托福写作难点话题一览

Should students be given a long vacation or several short vacations?

Some people believe that students should be given one long vacation each year. Others believe that students should have several short vacations throughout the year. Which viewpoint do you agree with? Use specific reasons and examples to support your choice.

写作思路展开结构分析

无所谓选择哪一个立场。强调一个立场的种.种理由的同时，不要忘了提及另外一个立场的些许好处。然后采用让步方式得出自己的结论。

本话题高分范文赏析

Vacation is a very important part of student life. I would agree that it is best for the students to have many short vacations. School can be a very tiring, tedious experience at times. If students get regular breaks in between intensive periods of studies, they will be more relaxed and ready to learn new material upon returning to school. In addition to this, a change in environment, even if only for a week, gives one the opportunity to relax while reflecting on one's studies. Many students find that even a short break allows them to refresh enough to continue with school. Having many breaks throughout the year is also good for one's social life. If people have the opportunity to catch up with friends and family on a regular basis throughout the year, they will never feel as though they were losing touch with loved ones. Socializing with friends and family is also an excellent way to relax. If students frequently have this kind of opportunity, they will be more at ease and ready for the next semester of school. Moreover, if the school year is broken down into many short semesters, the schools will be able to put a greater amount of focus into the curriculum of the courses. Many students find that by the end of a long semester, they have forgotten the information that they learned at the beginning of the term. By having short, intensive study sessions, students will quickly learn a small amount of information, and thus be able to keep it locked in their minds for a long time to come. Consequently, I think that it is vastly preferable to have numerous short vacations throughout the year. Students will find that they are more relaxed, and can better focus on their studies all year round.

托福写作高分满分范文点评和思路解析：住传统房屋还是现代公寓?

托福写作难点话题一览

Live in a traditional house or in a modern apartment building?

Would you prefer to live in a traditional house or in a modern apartment building? Use specific reasons and details to support your choice.

写作思路展开结构分析

关于住宅从便利性的角度来展开是比较简单的，因此选择现代公寓更容易写。相比传统的房子：主要是方便，设施更完整，上下水(sewerage system);互联网接入(accessing internet);有线电视系统(cable TV);煤气供应(gas supply);容易清扫，清扫范围少。

本话题高分范文赏析

Choosing a home is a very personal decision to make. Some people prefer to live in traditional houses, while others would rather live in modern apartment buildings. Personally, I would prefer to live in a modern building over a traditional house. Modern buildings provide better services, they are stronger and safer, and they are more conveniently located. When people move into a modern apartment building, they are immediately surrounded by all of the comforts they could possibly want. Modern buildings typically have new plumbing and hardware. Because of this there are usually very few problems with new apartment buildings. In addition to this, they also come supplied with refrigerators, washing machines, air conditioning, and the Internet. Many new buildings have the added bonus of having a workout facility or a swimming pool. All of these advantages make an apartment a much more attractive option than a traditional house. Modern buildings are also stronger and safer than traditional houses. They are made completely of concrete, which is a very durable material. These buildings are always designed by important architects who have a detailed knowledge of building materials, and methods that ensure that natural disasters will not affect the stability of the complex. In addition to this, all modern buildings have to be inspected by engineers, who carefully evaluate the structure to ensure that it is sound and can withstand natural or unnatural disasters. Many older structures were built using the experience of the builder rather than any empirical understanding of building materials and the forces they can withstand. Traditional houses are also usually built in quiet areas outside the city. Most modern apartment buildings are constructed in the core of the city, offering the residents a wide range of services right outside their door. Detailed analyses are made by civic engineers and city planners to ensure that all necessary services are readily available. This includes transportation, shopping, employment and recreational facilities. Living too far outside the city can be a hindrance to one's business and social life.

篇3：托福写作如何提升用词水平

托福写作如何提升用词水平?手把手教你升级词汇储备提档次

托福独立写作词汇评分标准

托福独立写作对于考生的词汇运用有明确的评分标准，最高一级的5分评分中要求考生在词汇使用方面表现出appropriate word choice并可以容忍minor lexical errors。4分则是展示range of vocabulary，即便有occasional noticeable minor errors in word form，只要不影响意思也行。从这里可以看出，独立写作首先要求的是用词的恰到好处appropriate，其次是range。简单来说也就是用词的准确性和词汇量。因此考生想要在写作词汇的评分上有所进步，就需要针对这两点来下功夫。

提升托福写作词汇先从量入手

根据上面的两个要点，小编认为想要提升写作中词汇的得分，考生先要做的是提升词汇的量。有人会问为什么不直接从准确性开始呢?在小编看来，所谓准确性，其前提就是要有词汇量。英语词汇比较tricky的一点就是表达相似意思的词汇数量很多，同样是好，你可以用good,great这种最基础的词汇，也可以用到更高档一些的amazing, wonderful, fabulous等等。具体用哪一个则需要根据相应的语言环境和搭配来做决定。这也正是appropriate的意义所在。而想要做到这一点，考生就必须能在表达某个意思时拥有多种选择。说的明白一些，要有的选你才能知道哪个更合适。如果考生在想要表达某个含义时绞尽脑汁也只能想到一个词，根本没有选择用词的余地，那么appropriate本身就无从谈起了。因此，先提升托福写作的词汇量，才是大家的首要任务。

如何提升托福写作词汇量?

那么，考生具体要怎么来提升自己的托福写作词汇量?

1. 背写作专用词汇是基础

相信一说到提升词汇量，大家先想到的肯定是找本词汇书来背。这种方法虽然看似没什么新意属于笨办法，但实际上也的确是从基础上增加词汇量的好方法。特别是如今托福考试的备考资料越来越多分类也越来越详细，想要找到一本专门为写作准备的词汇书或是相关的学习资料其实并不是难事。大家如果在写作中词汇实在比较缺乏，那么先通过背词汇书来打一下基础还是很实惠的做法。

2. 结合自身用词习惯拓展词汇

当然，光是打好基础还是不够的，有不少词汇大家可能早就背出来了，但就是想不到或是不会用到写作里面。这个和每个人的用词习惯有很大关系。而既然是习惯，强行去改变它，逼着自己用一些以前绝对不会用的词并不是理想选择。小编觉得反其道而之可能更好。

具体做法是先自己动手写几篇托福作文，然后把其中自己常用的词汇都找出来。接下来的步骤是关键，大家查字典也好，对照同近义词汇教材也好，把这些常用词汇的同近义词亲戚朋友都尽量找出来并且罗列在一起，每个常用词至少也要有3个左右的相似词汇，能找到更多则更好，上不封顶。这些拓展出来的词汇，就是你下一步需要背熟拼写含义，掌握用法搭配的目标。这些词汇建议大家反复多次的记忆背熟，之后写作中也尽量多主动去使用它们，通过实际运用进一步加深印象彻底转化为自己的写作新“常用词”。由于这些词跟你之前用习惯的词汇沾亲带故，想要掌握它们的难度比随手找来的陌生词汇显然会容易不少。通过这种方式，大家的托福写作用词就能得到较为稳固的提升了。

接下来就是提升用词准确性

完成托福写作词汇量的拓展之后，想要进一步冲刺5分评价，也就是26+以上作文分数的同学，接下来的努力目标就要回到提升用词准确性上了。而如果按照之前先提升词汇量的步骤，想要做到appropriate也并非难事。还是用之前那些拓展出来的常用词。既然每一个常用词大家都找到了至少3个左右的同近义词或者说是替代词，那么接下来大家要做的就是进行详细的词义辨析工作。虽然每一组词汇都有相似的基本意思，但在细节用法，词汇搭配还有详细含义上这些词汇必然还是会存在微小差别的。发现了解这些细微差别，考生就能知道在不同的场合下这一组词汇中的哪一个词汇才是最适合最能贴切表达意思的词汇。如果考生能够对自己储备的所有常用词汇都做到按基本含义组别和细节差异进行精准地选词用词，那么用词评分标准中appropriate的要求也就能够顺利达成了。

以上就是关于托福写作提升用词水平的细节分享，希望大家都能顺利提升自己写作词汇储备的量和质，在写作中更为准确地运用词汇并适当体现出自身的词汇量，为冲刺写作高分做好万全准备。

托福写作：题库范文附思路解析

1. What method of learning is best for you? People learn in different ways. Some people learn by doing things; other people learn by reading about things; others learn by listening to people talk about things. Which of these methods of learning is best for you? Use specific examples to support your choice. 参见：[4]

『范文』 There are many different methods that people use for learning. Some people learn with hands-on experience, others learn by reading, and still others learn by listening to discussion of other people. It is generally believed that learning is a subjective process, and it is important to discover the ways in which one learns best. I find that personally, learning by doing things is the best way. First, I find that the hands-on method is right for me because I am a very visual learner. If I can see what is happening, I have a much easier time understanding it. Reading a book does not give me this ease. When I read a book in order to gain knowledge, particularly technical one, I sometimes have trouble visualizing exactly what is being explained. However, when I actually see the process happening, it is much easier for me to understand. I also use a visual method when I am studying English. For example, if I am working on new vocabulary, I will write the words down, and then draw pictures of the words to remind myself of the meaning. Going through the process of drawing the pictures greatly increases my ability to memorize any type of information. When a picture is too simple to be enough or is hard to draw, I will close my eye and draw a mental picture that serves more helpful. It seems as though most businesses prefer people to have this hands-on experience as well. It is rare to find a good job that does not require applicants to have spent a certain amount of time doing a similar type of work in the past. By having this past experience, it shows that they have learnt to do a particular task well, and that they have practical knowledge of the job. In conclusion, I think that hands-on learning is best for me, and beneficial for my future. As stated above, however, everyone learns in a different style, and it is important to find the most efficient method for themselves.

2. Choose friends who are different from you or similar to you? Some people choose friends who are different from themselves. Others choose friends who are similar to themselves. Compare the advantages of having friends who are different from you with the advantages of having friends who are similar to you. Which kind of friend do you prefer for yourself? Why?

『分析』与志同道合(cherish the same ideals and follow the same path; share the same views; have a common goal; have similar ideals and beliefs;)的朋友交往的好处;但是人与人之间毕竟存在着不同。与性格不同，兴趣不同的人交往的好处。选择立场，可以自由一些。比如，可以选择这样的立场：我认为，选择朋友不一定要选择相同的或者是不同的。因为人们之间总是有一些相同点的同时有一些不同点。关键在于，一个人是不是诚实、睿智、幽默?参见：[15]

『范文』 In general, my friends are quite similar to me. There are a number of reasons as to why this is the case. When two people are similar to each other, they have a wide basis of topics available to them for conversation, and are also able to bond over many types of experiences. For example, one of my major interests is music. I frequently enjoy going to see musical acts perform. If a potential friend is not interested in the same type of music as me, we will not be able to share these experiences together. Without being able to have these bonding experiences, it is difficult for an acquaintanceship to evolve into a friendship. Another reason why we usually choose friends who are quite similar to us is because having similar friends who have common interests can help us come up with new ideas regarding things we are interested in. If I am particularly interested in a project, but cannot seem to advance the thought to my satisfaction, it is quite likely that one of my friends will be able to offer insight on the subject that I hadn't previously thought of. Nonetheless, it is important to consider exactly how similar one must be to me for me to form a friendship with them. I have many friends who, on the surface, are quite different from me. However, we share one or two common interests that allow us to communicate on a clear, meaningful level. To explain, I will give an example of a particular friend who fits into this category. I met this friend at the opening of a new Italian restaurant in town. We have very different interests, and very different occupations. However, we are both connoisseurs of fine cuisine. Based on this one small connection, we formed a very good friendship. In conclusion, I find that it is possible to have friends who appear similar to or different from myself. The key to a strong, lasting friendship is finding one or two areas that both parties find interesting.

3. Which approach to life do you prefer, life with change or without? Some people enjoy change, and they look forward to new experiences. Others like their lives to stay the same, and they do not change their usual habits. Compare these two approaches to life. Which approach do you prefer? Explain why.

『分析』可以采取it depends的策略。要看是针对什么事情，才会有具体的选择。

『范文』 Some people enjoy change, and look forward to new experiences while others enjoy a steady paced, habitual existence. Both of these life styles have their own merits, but one thing is for certain: change is unavoidable, and we had best be prepared for all situations that come our way. For my day-to-day activities, I enjoy a comparatively stable lifestyle. I get up in the morning, shower, eat breakfast and get ready for work. I have a stable, somewhat long-term job, which I enjoy. After work, I come home, eat dinner, and relax before going to bed. I take pleasure in all of these activities, and appreciate the stability. However, sometimes change happens, and I look forward to that as well. For example, a few months ago, I held a position in a company that did not treat its employees very well. The job was monotonous, and I did not enjoy it very much. The work was not difficult, but I felt that something was lacking. Out of the blue, I received a job offer that was much more in tune with my current interests from another company. I jumped at the opportunity to try something new. The idea of change was very exciting, and I welcomed it. Change can also be negative, however. Sometimes, terrible things happen unexpectedly and leave you feeling lost. For example, one could lose his/her job, or much worse, a family member or a friend could die. This type of change, of course, is unwelcome. We all must do our best to deal with these adjustments, and make the best of any situation that comes our way. In conclusion, for the most part, I enjoy a stable, routine life. At the same time, however, I am always ready to change if it is advantageous to my position in life. I believe it is important to always be ready for change, because it is unavoidable.

4. Does different clothes influence the way people behave? Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People behave differently when they wear different clothes. Do you agree that different clothes influence the way people behave? Use specific examples to support your answer.

『分析』不能同意。 ? 确实，有些时候人们在穿着不同的情况下会有不同的行为。(举例) ? 然而，决定行为因素还有很多，服装仅仅是其中的一个因素。(罗列几个其他的因素)

『范文』 It seems that people do sometimes behave differently when they wear different clothes. For example, a well-dressed man seldom spits at random, a woman in glorious dresses is more likely to talk in a gentle tone, and a clean dressed child seems quiet than others. It might be explained that different dresses give people different self-images, and most people subconsciously behave according to their own self-images. Equally sensible is another factor, that is, all too often people regard a person differently according to his/her dresses. Therefore, people might behave differently when they wear different clothes because they are treated differently. Also, appropriate dresses do help a lot in certain circumstances. It is not difficult to imagine that a doctor with a casual suit instead of his/her formal one will certainly make his/her patients nervous, for doctors in working hours are always supposed to be in white suits. An applicant in his/her first interview will be naturally accompanied with great mental tension. If he/she was well-dressed, by “well” we do not mean expensively or gloriously, we mean “neatly”, he/she would appear more self-confident and or even be self-confident in deed. However, merely a suit in itself can contribute little. In fact, people's behaviors inevitably reflect their very nature. A poor gentleman dressed in rags is still a gentleman. He knows the essential principles that a civilized individual must observe, he knows fundamental moral disciplines which an educated individual must follow. A parvenu on the other hand, will finally find out the fact that his exorbitantly dear dresses is of no use to make himself a gentleman, and he even eventually fail to make him look like a gentleman. Maybe those are right who said it takes at least three generations to cultivate a gentleman. In a word, I do not believe that clothes can essentially make people different, even though they might sometimes seemingly do.

5. Are decisions that people make quickly always wrong? Decisions can be made quickly, or they can be made after careful thought. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The decisions that people make quickly are always wrong. Use reasons and specific examples to support your opinion.

『分析』不能同意。确实，有些时候快速做出的决定可能是错的。(举例) 然而，决定是否正确还有很多其他影响因素，并且，快不等于not careful。极端的例子是战场上的指挥官，必须要快速做出正确决定。罗列几个影响“决定正确与否”的其他因素。参见：[55] 相关题目：[55]、[61]

『范文』 If the question asked was whether or not a decision that is quickly made is always wrong, and required an absolute yes-no answer, I think the answer had to be a resounding “no”. While carefully thinking out decisions can be important, there are many decisions that are best suited to impulsive, spontaneous outcomes. Consider I am sitting home alone one morning, contemplating what to do with my day. There are a number of things I should get done during the day: I have to clean my apartment, as well as do some grocery shopping. A friend calls, and invites me to see an art exhibition that sounds very interesting. This situation does not require a carefully thought out decision. I can easily put off my small errands for later in the day, or even until the next day. The decision was made very quickly, and, in my opinion, was definitely not wrong. A second example can be seen at the workplace. I am employed at a busy real estate office. I have a number of responsibilities that I have to contend with during the day. If I took the time to carefully think out each decision I made during the day, my company would quickly lose many important deals. In some situations, one must act on instinct in order to get the job done as quickly and efficiently as possible. With that said, there are, of course, situations which do require careful thought and consideration before reaching a decision. For example, buying an apartment or a house is a very big decision to make. In this circumstance, I would not make a choice without careful evaluation of all of the information available. While some decisions require very careful thought, others can easily be made quickly and still be correct. If I had to carefully consider all of the decisions I have to make in a day, I would never get anything accomplished.

篇4：托福写作如何提升用词质量和水平

托福写作如何提升用词质量和水平?5个改写实例提供新思路

托福写作提升用词质量水平改写实例分析

1.Original： We know that sometimes success is measured by how much money you earn.

Revised： It does not surprise us to discover that sometimes success is measured in terms of the money you earn.

点评：know是非常初级的词汇，作文中出现I believe that，I know that这样的表达只能体现考生写作技巧的稚嫩，用It does not surprise us to discover that替换We know that并没有改变原句的含义，却使全句顿时增添了亮点。

2.Original： We all know that most factories would be of no use if there were not clean water supply.

Revised： It goes without saying that most factories would be of no use if there were not clean water supply.

托福写作点评：同上例一样，know这样的初级词汇应避免在作文中使用，It goes without saying that是一个固定结构，意思是“是不言而喻的”，常在作文中用来引经据典或表明一个尽人皆知的道理，类似的表达还有：

An old saying goes that

Proverb goes that

It is universally acknowledged that

It is generally accepted that

3.Original： Some other people think that people should read extensively.

Revised： Another position says that people should read extensively.

点评：同know一样，think也应该尽量避免使用，修改后的句子中是用Another position says that代替think提出另一种观点，也可以用hold a point of view，hold the opinion这样的短语替换。

4.Original： The unexpected win of the match give us confidence.

Revised： The unexpected win of the match boost our confidence.

点评：give也属于英语中最初级、最基本的词汇，也是中国学生最喜欢在托福独立写作中应用的词。这个词只表示“给，给予”这个动作，不涉及动作的性质和状态，若表示增添信心，增强士气，比较地道的说法是用boost confidence/morale，如：The change of management has boosted morale throughout the company. 管理模式的改变使整个公司上下士气倍受鼓舞。

5.Original： The use of drugs has increased greatly in the last ten years.

Revised： The use of drugs has increased significantly in the last ten years.

点评：greatly是一般用语，表示程度高，“很，非常”，使用相当普遍而没有新意，在托福独立写作中应尽量避免使用这些通俗而又陈旧的词汇，应换用一些更加正式，更有说服力的词语，例如significantly表示达到了非常重要的或可观的程度，“重大的，可观的”，能够具体说明药品使用方面，增长幅度巨大。significantly还可以替换成considerably，tremendously等，同样具有不错的表达效果。

相信通过上面的例句分析，大家对托福写作词汇中的低级词汇都有了一定程度的了解，建议大家在托福作文备考时，还是要积累生活实例、多积累素材、经典句型等，不要只是一种表述方式，一个单词来回换。通过丰富而多样化的用词提升文章质量，这样你的作文才能得到更高的评价。

托福写作解析：实用的经典句式

托福作文开头套句：

When it comes to...， some think...

There is a public debate today that...

A is a common way of...， but is it a wise one?

Recently the problem has been broughtsintosfocus.

提出观点：

Now there is a growing awareness that...

It is time we explore the truth of...

Nowhere in history has the issue been more visible.

进一步提出观点：

...but that is the only part of the history.

Another equally important aspect is...

A is but one of the many effects. Another is...

Besides， other reasons are...

提出假想例子的方式：

Suppose that...

Just imagine what would be like if...

It is reasonable to expect...

It is not surprising that...

举普通例子：

For example(instance)，...

... such as A，B，C and so on (so forth)

A good case in point is...

A particular example for this is...

引用：

One of the greatest early writers said ...

“Knowledge is power”， such is the remark of ...

“...”. That is how sb comment ( criticize/ praise...).

“...”. How often we hear such words like there.

讲故事(先说故事主体)，this story is not rare

...， such dilemma we often meet in daily life

...， the story still has a realistic significance.

提出原因：

There are many reasons for...

Why ...， for one thing，...

The answer to this problem involves many factors.

Any discussion about this problem would inevitably involves ...

The first reason can be obliviously seen.

Most people would agree that...

Some people may neglect that in fact ...

Others suggest that...

Part of the explanation is ...

进行对比：

The advantages for A outweigh the disadvantages of...

Although A enjoys a distinct advantage ...

Indeed ， A carries much weight than B when sth is concerned.

A maybe ... ， but it suffers from the disadvantage that...

承上启下：

To understand the truth of...， it is also important to see...

A study of ... will make this point clear

让步：

Certainly， B has its own advantages， such as...

I do not deny that A has its own merits.

结尾：

From what has been discussed above， we may safely drawthe conclusion that...

In summary， it is wiser...

In short...

托福写作模板:现在比以前更容易接受教育

11月26日托福独立写作真题

Nowadays it is easier to be an educated person than it was in the past.

托福独立写作题目

It is easier to become a educated person today than it was in the past.

点睛

题目大意：成为一个受过教育的人现在要比过去更加容易。此题属于典型的古今对比，常见的思考方向有：科技水平、物质水平、受教育水平、人们的意识和观念、社会的趋势和政策。波波建议选择同意，因为高科技的产品出现和人们教育意识的提升。

托福独立写作范文

As is known to all, receiving education has always been the main way for us to acquire knowledge throughout the human civilization history. Recently there has been a hot debate whether education today is more accessible to the public than in the past. As far as I am concerned, there is no doubt that people nowadays have much easier access to education with the following reasons.

To begin with, the advent of various high-tech products has enriched the ways and approaches to receive education. Obviously, with the introduction of advanced means of education, educational resources take on multiple forms such as distant education and online study, which make knowledge more accessible to us. However, in the past, the only way to get educated was to attend classess in traditional schools, which definitely increases the difficulty of gaining education. For example, in the process of making preparations for TOEFL test, I want to take class in Beijing New Oriental School. But I am an undergraduate student of a university far away from Beijing. Meanwhile, due to the academic pressure from my college study, it is impossible for me to take a month off and to have an intensive course in Beijing. Thanks to the online courses, I can take these classes in my college while handling the tasks and assignment from my field of study. The online courses make possible the in-time response to my questions and online submission of assignments.

Secondly, since more and more importance is being attached to education, it is much easier and essential to get educated than in the past. Under the society full of intense competition, acquiring formal education has become the essenital precondition for anyone to make a living. As a result, the public awareness of receiving education is much stronger than before, leading to a common phenomenon that an increasing number of parents send their kids to study abroad. However, in the bygone days/in the old days, the requirement for a person was not as strict as it is today, with the result that less attention was paid to education. According to a survey conducted by the National Educational Department in China, the number of students who take the national college entrance examination has risen from 88.3% in to 92.5% in . Meanwhile, another research shows that the literacy rate in China has increased by 23.6% in 2013 compared with 61.50% in 1993. The above data has shown that the number of educated people has gone through a dramatic rise, which indirectly indicates that education now is more available to the public.

Admittedly, some areas in the world may be cited as an exception. For instance, people in the war-stricken areas including Iraq and Syria do not have easier access to education and some of them are even on the verge of starvation. In these areas, the current educational situation is not better than that in the past. However, such cases only occupy such a tiny percentage of the global population that they can be neglected.

In conclusion, I believe that it is much easier for the public to receive education than in the past with the aid of technology and the awakening sense of education.

托福写作模板:自己的经验比询问别人更能解决问题

20托福写作真题题目：

年10月29日托福写作题目：

It’s more important to use your own knowledge and experience than ask others’ knowledge and experience to solve problems.

托福写作范文参考:

2016年10月29日托福写作范文：

People tend to respond to problems differently given the fact that personalities may vary among different individuals. When it comes to the question of whether or not to solve the problem based on one’s own experience and knowledge or solicit others advice, I tend to believe that it really depends on the nature of the problem and we can not draw a definitive line here.

On the one hand, a rookie without any experience in a particular field can learn a great deal of knowledge and develop useful skills when learning from an experienced individual. For instance, when my father taught me how to ride a bike, I remember his experience and knowledge were extremely useful. My father sat me on the paddle with one feet hanging in the air, and I hold the handlebar straight and bent my arms a little bit so that I could keep balance. After my dad’s instruction and guidance，eventually I learned how to ride a bike. Also, in a working environment, the knowledge and experience of senior employees can be very helpful for someone who hold junior positions in the company. The expertise of senior workers have proven from time to time that a certain strategy of business operation cannot be paralleled by any other approach. Indeed, a recent study done by the National Society of Organizational Behavior indicates that one enjoys a better chance to be successful in his professional life if he gets intensive coaching and training from senior managers during the first two years of his job. Consequently, we can conclude that on some occasions it is beneficial for someone to capitalize on others’ experience and knowledge.

On the other hand, for problems, setbacks or major decisions that have a significant impact on the individual’s life, it is not rational to be influenced by others’ opinions and perspectives. For example, when you have big decisions like which university to attend or whether or not taking on a new career path, it is far better for you to figure it out and sort it through by yourself other than solicit the advice from others. Above all, nobody knows you better than yourself. You are the one who needs to live with the decision and other people won’t be the ones with the consequence. Frankly, it takes a lot of courage to stand up and take personal responsibility for your own decision. Any decision made out of assertiveness and confidence should be respected, however, nobody shows any respect to those who are wishy-washy and hesitate to make their own decisions.

In conclusion, we cannot readily draw a definitive line on question of is it better to use your own knowledge and experience than ask others’ knowledge and experience to solve problems since it has has to be examined case by case.

篇5：托福口语高效提升口语能力

托福口语技巧分析 把握练习技巧才能更高效提升口语能力

托福口语备考技巧一 了解自己的口语水平

“知己”即考生在正式备考之前要先了解一下自己的托福口语水平，考生只有在了解自己的实力水平的基础上，才能知道别人给的备考建议适不适合自己，，找到自己在备考的重点，做出最适合自己的托福口语训练方案。小编认为考生可以从以下三个方面检测自己的口语水平：

组织答案的能力，如果考生在做托福口语的时候存在着在短时间内无法有效的针对题目内容组织答案的问题，那么考生在备考的时就要多多的利用历年的真题进行练习，提升在有限的时间内巧妙的组织答案的能力;

语音识别。如果考生在做综合口语的听力时候，存在着听不懂语言，思路跟不上说话者的语速的问题，那么就一定要对这一方面加强训练，提升自己的语音识别能力;

词汇辨识，如果考生在阅读文章的时候，对于大多数出现的单词的意思都不理解，那么考生在制定备考方案的时候，就应该着重注意词汇的积累，扩充词汇量。

托福口语备考技巧二 利用好工具

在托福口语考试中，笔记是一个很好的辅助工具。因为不管是阅读文章还是听力文章，都只会出现一次，而巧妙的运用笔记，可以帮我们将在阅读和听力文章中的瞬间记忆延展成为短时的回忆。所以，小编建议考生根据在托福口语考试中出现的听力和阅读文章进行笔记练习，在练习的过程中，要注意抓住主题段和主题句的关键词，尤其是要注意在文章中出现的时间，数字以及人名，地名和专有名词，灵活的运用笔记符号记下答题要点。

托福口语备考技巧三 主动获取关于口语的信息

在每次进行口语训练的时候，考生都要主动去获取口语信息，先发制人，不要等信息来找你。在托福口语考试中，阅读材料和听力材料都不短，如果考生在做题的时候都要仔细的等待听力和阅读材料给予你答题信息，那么考生很有可能还没有听或者读一段就已经累得不行了，那么又如何集中注意力去获取有用的信息呢?所以考生要先发制人，要在准确把握阅读和听力文章的结构的基础上，主动的区分主题和例子之间的关系，分清哪些是答题要点哪些是跑题的内容，不要在拘泥于一句一词。

托福口语表达时的语速有多重要

想取得托福口语考试高分，有内涵有逻辑还不行，还得考虑速度问题。如果整体都很好，但是老师一个没有听清楚，岂不白费。

有些人觉得托福口语说快的话，效率比较高，最直接的效果便是可以在规定的时间内多说一些。而且这样会给人以不拖沓的感觉，干脆利落，印象分比较高。

但是事实上，新托福口语考试是机考，本身就不能用其他的面部表情和肢体语言进行辅助的表达，考试的时候还会有一起参加的其他人的影响，所以托福口备考时语还是要以让别人听懂为第一要务。

至于大家认为的说话越多，也许就会越有优势，这其实是不能定论的。说话的量的多少，要看能否把意思表达清楚，只要能完整清晰地表达出自己想要表达的东西，就不必要说那么多的话，毕竟这是考试不是聊天需要寒暄。

相信同学们心里都有了一定的想法，不管是托福口语语速怎样，重要的是自己在考场上把握一定的度，还要考虑时间分配的问题。

怎样才让你的托福口语富有逻辑

Step1: 考生要先了解问题是什么

要让口语有逻辑很重要的一点是你要真正理解问题的含义，知道应该如何解决问题，处理问题。要是你的答案跟问题毫不相干，答案就等于完全没有逻辑性。即便语法啊，发音啊，措词啊都很好，但是整个答案毫无意义。人有两只耳朵，两只眼睛，一张嘴，所以你要多听，多看，少说。医生也是要先找出病症才能对症下药。同学们一定要先理解问题是什么。然后才能给出最好的答案和解决方案。

Step 2: 学会组织的你想法

同学们常常在事后，等到有时间重新回想的时候再后悔。尤其是在充满消极情绪的情况下，同学们常常做出错误的判断，说出错误的话，等到平静下来以后非常后悔。想要把话说得富有逻辑性是相当费神的事。在考前的空余时间里，同学们就应该思考问题，想想考试的场景，想想如何有逻辑性地回答问题。此刻，同学们的大脑胜过了情绪。能够毫无压力地练习。由于事前已经把想法组织好，一旦面对考试问题，同学们就已经准备好富有自信和逻辑地回答问题了。

Step 3: 演练

组织好想法以后，同学们就要演练怎样大声对自己说了。如果可以的话，也可以对其他人说。大声说出来!语言已经在脑海中形成了!不过你会发现一些问题。很多时候，同学们发现要说的跟所想的有些区别。那就一遍一遍反复说，一直说到你自己觉得舒服，有所提高为止。这对提升考生的自信有极大好处。熟能生巧，这真的会给你带来高分哦。

Step 4: 用合适的方式表达出来

考官们很聪明，他们总是很快看穿你。他们会意识到考生是在真的说还是背诵答案。那些能打动考官的考生往往真诚而富有感情。他们不费吹灰之力就可以让考官理解他们的意思，打动考官，水到渠成得到高分。要在考试中为你所说的言语的赋予含义，也要说出你真正的意思。

恰如其分地表达你自己也是一个技术活儿。在考试中同学们一定要注意逻辑性。有时候，同学们的表达方式会让考官们判断他们是不是要给高分。所以考生们在表达的时候，要小心用词跟语调。

Step 5:清楚地说出你想要表达的

要想得到考官的理解，同学们应该以一种沉稳，响亮，自信的声音参加口语考试。考官喜欢说话自信的考生。另一方面，如果一个考生说话软绵绵，慢吞吞，声音小的像耳语，考官听了简直昏昏欲睡。我们每一个音节都要发音清晰准确。当然了，如果考生的措词和口音也都不错的话，那是再好不过的了。考官常常因为考生的口音错会考生的意思，但是考生的口音又确确实实让他说的话产生了歧义，有的考官会发现这现象又好气又好笑。考生一定要清晰地信心十足地表达自己的观点。

我们尽量不要使用专业术语。有时候考生竭尽全力口若悬河地向考官解释那些考官完全不明白的东西。考官会觉得自己像个白痴，没法理解这自作聪明的考生在叨叨些什么。书上不是说过吗?最好的的推销员能跟来自社会各阶层的人打交道。

Step 6: 叙述你的观点

同学们想要表达得有逻辑性，就要注意实话实说。当然了，考生有表达观点的自由。考生们可以摆事实证明自己的观点，也可以简单地陈述理由。考生甚至可以以史为鉴，可以认可班上大多数同学的观点，也可以用数据支持自己的观点。有些情况下，答案没有对错之分，只是观点相异而已。所以，同学们可以在托福口语考试中得到意想不到的额外分数。

Step 7:学会放松，你已经准备好了

你已经准备好了，完全没必要担心。你了解素材，了解什么是考官想听的。勇敢自信地说出你千雕万琢，数次演练过的答案吧。你要相信你自己完全有能力掌控考试，获得高分。

要在考试中富有逻辑，同学们的回答要基于现实，合情合理，时间把握准确，可控易懂。一定要基于事实，不要只是夸夸其谈自己的回忆，流言蜚语，猜想，感觉等等。同学们一定要理解问题是什么。理解了问题以后，就要在脑中组织自己的想法，形成有逻辑性的答案。草率的思考会导致草率的回答。别在情绪不稳定的时候急急忙忙给出答案。比如说，一个考生在很紧张的时候，就没法好好考虑他的答案。当紧张冲昏了头脑，逻辑就无影无踪了。一定要注意你的答案有说服力。试图语出惊人不可取，这有可能使答案缺乏逻辑，因为这样考生们往往无法确定他们所说的内容。你的大脑具有推理能力，所以这项考试中表达清晰，让考官明白你的意思非常重要。这也同时要求你要仔细思考你到底要说什么。

篇6：托福写作：如何提升演讲能力

题目：

After your presentation, which way would you choose to identify your weakness and improve your presentation?

1) reviewing the recording on your own;

2) inviting your colleagues or classmates to make suggestions for improvement.

范文1：For Choice 1

To improve my performance after giving a presentation, it is best to review a recording of it by myself. This process lets me observe all aspects of the presentation, evaluate changes at my own pace, and avoid being defensive.

First, a video recording gives significantly more information than just relying on comments made by colleagues or classmates. I can analyze and improve on even small points that others may not have noticed or found worth mentioning. For example, a couple years ago, I gave a presentation that I had extensively prepared for. It had strong organization and flow. Classmates raved about the content, but mentioned that I looked scared. I was confused, because I had felt confident. However, I noticed in the video later that I was continually fingering my notes. For my next presentation, I placed the notes within view but did not hold them, rendering my appearance more professional.

Another reason I prefer watching a recording is my pace of learning. I can focus on the points I want to redo, replaying the material as often as I want, confirming even tiny details. In fact, I can even take long breaks to think about what I see or to try out alternate delivery styles. I do not have to inconvenience my friends by asking them for feedback or taking up their time. If others are involved in the evaluation process, I feel much more rushed because I do not want to bother people who have agreed to help me.

Finally, reviewing a recording by myself eliminates a serious problem that hinders progress: my pride. I do not like to admit it, but I often get defensive about feedback and want to explain why certain things happened. I feel resentful about negative comments rather than see them as stepping stones towards improvement. It is a natural tendency, but it definitely hinders my ability to assimilate outside feedback. Furthermore, friends try to be polite, so they may not mention minorpoints that I might have improved because they don’t want to seem too critical. Emotions get in the way of a thorough critique.

To improve my future performance, I find it best to review videos of my presentations by myself. I can evaluate all aspects of the presentation, take as much time as I need, and avoid the inevitable problem of emotional involvement swaying the critique.

at my own pace 按照自己的步伐走

rave about the content 对内容赞不绝口

place the notes within view 把笔记放在眼前,把笔记放在视线范围内

inconvenience my friends 麻烦我的朋友

take up their time 占用他们的时间

see them as stepping stones towards improvement 把它们看作是迈向进步的垫脚石

get in the way 妨碍,阻碍

托福写作范文怎么使用

在备考托福写作的过程中，有人读范文，更是有人背范文。但不管是读范文还是背范文，都是要讲求方法的，不然到考场上还是一片空白，所有的范文都是白做工，没有变成自己的东西。

托福写作要想写好，无外乎三点，论证，逻辑及语言。而考生在考前面临的问题之一往往就是，无从提笔，无话可写，无题可论。所以读范文的时候也要从这些方面入手研习。

首先出题范围可以分为几大类，分别是，学校教育，家庭，朋友，人生，成功，工作以及社会。在读每一类对应的范文之后要注意思考总结，发现破题写作思路大都是很有规律的，比方说，教育问题，就可以从对学生，对学校，对社会或者个别题目中对老师或者对学生细节展开。一类题读几篇范文，取长补短，有一个固定的套路，但其中又不乏一些小新意。

其次是论证。有的同学会空话连篇，到最后也没有论证出个一二三来。另一种同学则是无话可说，出现这种现象的原因其实很简单，就是考生在初期准备之时没有积累下一定量的相关素材，所以，面对一篇文章根本不知道该从何下手去论证。事实上，写作素材的一大来源就是写作高分范文。考生在阅读范文的时候不难发现，托福写作的话题在很多地方都是形异神同的。也就是说虽然考试题目看起来不是一样，但是实质内容却是差别甚微的。比如说It is much easier to achieve success withhelp from one’s family than what is like before。仔细一看，我们就完全可以引用should children take similar jobs with you 中家长给予经验和人际关系论述的素材，同时也可以运用whether it is easier for people to get educated now中家长给予财政支持的思路。同类文章间的写作素材是可以互相借用。

语言的话也是可以学习的，读到好的词句就把积累下来，自己写的时候活学活用，时间长了，看得多写得多，自然可以将之转化为自己的，你也能写出一些好句子。

托福写作的几个得分策略

技巧1.不要用长句

一般长句都有两个问题，第一个是中国学生的水平不够，这样就很难写出语法没有错误、以及意思表达准确的长句出来，语法错误、还有几个逗号连用、以及还有倒装从句混合是经常的。第二个是看essay的人也是人，并且还经常是那种大学生研究生，压根就没人愿意去看安歇长句混在一起的文章，短剧往往更讨人喜欢，并且短句的表达意思更加清晰，准确。

技巧2.细节要注意

如果发现出现My brother, friend的时候加上名字，而如果出现university的时候就要给上名字，给出事例的时候还要给出具体的时间地点人物，因为没人愿意去看那种流水账似的托福作文，必须要写出细节感使人在阅读之后有一种代入感出来。

技巧3.瞎编要编的像

不解释

技巧4.自己的事例难写，最好不要写

技巧5.积累，积累，再积累

如果没有积累和自己独立的想法，托福写作你写什么?写一些单词或长句吗?

篇7：托福写作友谊类高分用词介绍

托福写作词汇分类汇总友谊类高分用词整理介绍

察觉到 vt. detect

外貌 n. appearance

吸引，吸引力 n. attraction

喜欢社交的 adj. sociable

忠实的 adj. loyal

志向 ambition

陪伴 n. company

(人)动手能力强的，(物品)轻便的 adj. handy

乐于并善于合作的 adj. cooperative

有条理的 adj. organized

聪明的 adj. intelligent

有天赋的，有才华的 adj. gifted/ talented

体育好的 adj. athletic

无忧无虑的，乐天派的 happy-go-lucky/ carefree

相互的 adj. mutual

有艺术气息的 adj. artistic

真诚的 adj. sincere

直率的 adj. candid/ frank

背叛 vt. betray

敌意 n. animosity/ antagonism

靠不住的朋友 fair-weather friend

好感，关爱 n. affection

拥抱 n.&vt. hug

安慰某人 vt. reassure sb./ comfort sb.

肤浅的，表面化的 adj. superficial/ shallow

表述清晰的，口才好的 adj. eloquent

永恒的 adj. eternal

活泼的，活跃的 adj. lively

谦虚的 adj. modest

尴尬的 adj. awkward

对自己所处状态感到紧张或缺乏自信的心态 adj. self-conscious

两难的困境 n. dilemma

确定性 n. certainty

真实的，真正的 adj. genuine

低估 v. underestimate

美德 n. virtue

调解 v. reconcile

荒.唐可笑的 adj. absurd/ ridiculous

很烦人的 adj. irritating

承受力或者恢复能力强的 adj. resilient

低调的 adj. low-profile/ low-key

很支持的 adj. supportive

有感染力的 adj. contagious

豁达的，接受能力强的 adj. open-minded

狭隘的生活态度 a parochial outlook toward life

喜欢独处的solitary

内向的 adj. reserved

富有同情心的 adj. compassionate

不爱多说话的 adj. reticent

让某人逐渐放得开 bring a person out of his/ her shell

本意虽好但把事情做砸了的 adj. well-intentioned/ well-meaning

自我欺骗 n. self-deception

爱骗人的 adj. deceitful

自信的 adj. assertive/ self-assured

容忍的 adj. tolerant

机灵的 adj. witty

有智慧的 adj. wise

体贴人的 adj. considerate/ thoughtful

理解他人的，善解人意的 adj. understanding

口齿清楚的，表达能力强的 adj. articulate

很逗的 adj. amusing

极度搞笑的 adj. hilarious

过于自我的 adj. egotistical

漠然的 adj. indifferent (to )

孤立的 adj. isolated

喜欢虚荣的 adj. vain

懒散的 adj. laid-back

很友善的 adj. congenial

优雅的 adj. elegant≈ graceful

好朋友 n. chum

花束 n. bouquet

杰出的 adj. prominent

(人)老练的，(工具)复杂高端的 adj. sophisticated

顽强的 adj. touch

琐碎的adj. trivial

托福写作解析：agree or disagree

托福独立写作练习题目：

Children rely too much on the technology, like computers, smart phones, video games for fun and entertainment. Playing simpler toys or playing outside with friends would be better for children' s development.

孩子们过多地依赖科技(比如电脑、智能手机和电子游戏)来娱乐。玩简单点的玩具或者与朋友一起在外面玩对孩子们的发展更好。

写作参考思路：

观点：

电脑、智能手机等电子设备遍及每个家庭，孩子们在这里面花的时间越来越多。有人认为在玩简单点的玩具或者和朋友一起在外面玩才有助于孩子们的发展。但是我的观点截然相反。

Opinion:

As electronic devices like computers and smart phones are popular in every home, children have spent more and more time on them. With growing concerns about children's future development, some people think playing simpler toys or playing outside with friends would be better. However, I do hold a different view.

理由1：

随着科技的进步，电子产品的功能越来越强大，客户体验也越来越好。所以孩子们从电脑、智能手机和电子游戏中获得的乐趣比他们在简单的玩具或在外面玩中所获得的要多。

Reason 1:

With the development of technology, electronic products are becoming more and more powerful, and customer experience is improved as well. In this way, children can get more fun and joy from these products than that from playing simpler toys or playing outside.

理由2：

现在，互联网教育(比如可汗学院)越来越被人们认可。孩子们通过电脑或智能手机来学知识，已是非常正常的现象。甚至还有些电子游戏，其设计目标就是锻炼孩子们的思维等能力。

Reason 2:

Nowadays, Internet Education such as Khan Academy is increasingly acknowledged by people. It is a common phenomenon for children to learn knowledge through computers or smart phones. There are even some video games that are designed to practice children’s ability of thinking and other abilities.

总结：

科技使生活更美好。只要家长和学校正确引导孩子，不让他们沉迷其中，那么这些电子产品会对孩子们的发展起到积极作用。

Summary:

Technology makes life better. As long as parents and the school work together and guide correctly to prevent their children from getting addicted, these electronic products would have positive influences on their development.

Tip

对于“agree or disagree”的题目，同学们的中心观点可以是同意(agree)，可以是不同意(disagree)，也可以是是视情况而定(it depends)。

参考提纲的中心观点就是不同意(disagree)，如果中心观点是同意(agree)，那么可以考虑从以下角度进行分析阐述：

1.电脑、手机、电子游戏等都是虚拟的，玩现实中的玩具更能锻炼动手能力;

2.和朋友一起去外面玩，既可以接触大自然、锻炼身体，还可以加深友谊、认识更多的人

3.……

托福写作解析：托福写作为何开篇就错

绕弯子：

Some young adults want independence from their parents as soon as possible. Other young adults prefer to live with their families for a longer time.

Which of these situations do you think is better? Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.

回答：With the development of science and technology, people’s living standard has been improving day by day. According to the family plan, one couple could have only one child.

So child becomes the center of the whole family. Some of them are even spoiled. Therefore, I think it is better if the young adult could live independent from their parents as soon as possible.

解析：这个开头看似没有任何问题，但是仔细分析就会发现很多问题。首先，作者绕了个大弯才给出自己的观点。其次，观点是对原题目的抄写，改动的比较少。最后，开篇缺少引起下文的过渡句。更大的错误是这个开头更像是一个全文主要观点的一个分论点。

修改后：As we all know, some young adults have the sense of independence in a special period so that they want to choose to live apart from their family, while others still choose to stay with parents in the family.

Family can provide young adults a warm bay where he or she could turn to whenever any problems arise. However, considering the sound development of the young adult both mentally and physically, I think to live independently the earlier, the better.

Independence is a lesson that each of us must face one day. The detailed reasons are listed below.

篇8：托福写作传媒类高分用词介绍

托福写作词汇分类汇总 传媒类高分用词整理介绍v

好奇心 n. curiosity

可靠的 adj. dependable/ trustworthy

报道 n. coverage

成为头条新闻 make headlines

有新闻价值的 adj. newsworthy

信息量大的 adj. informative

娱乐性强的 adj. entertaining

商品 n. commodity

商业化的 adj. commercialized

隐私 n. privacy

收视率 n. ratings

指某种事物在互联网、媒体或者公众中快速传开 go viral

评价过高的 adj. overrated

记者 n. journalists

新闻界 the press

(多半指女孩子)追星族 n. groupies

追星族 n. teenybopper

某种文化的代表人物，如体育、音乐或电影等的最优秀人物 n. icon

演员在影视作品或者广告中突然成功 make a splash

澄清 vt. clarify

审查 n. censorship

夸大事实 blow things out of proportion

完全与世隔绝 entirely cut off from the outside world

(媒体)影响(公众意见) vt. sway

电视、收音机或者互联网上的广告 n. commercial

小传单广告 n. flyer

大幅广告牌 n. billboard

海报 n. poster

小报儿 n. tabloid

有奖竞猜节目 quiz show

真人秀 reality show

情景喜剧 n. sitcom

肥皂剧 soap opera

综艺节目 variety show

时事 current affairs

印刷媒体 the print media

电子媒体 the electronic media

报道新闻的机构 news outlets

充斥着…… be awash with/ be inundated with/ be saturated with

审查 v. censor

删除 v. delete/ eliminate/ excise

过多的暴力与色情内容 excessive (or gratuitous ) violent and pornographic contents

有误导性的 adj. misleading/ misrepresented/ distorted

诈骗性的 adj. fraudulent

虚假的 adj. false/ bogus

报道非常详尽的细节 report sth. in graphic detail

夸大事件 exaggerate things/ sensationalize things/ blow things out of all proportions

公正客观的 objective and balanced

揭露 v. expose/ reveal

侵犯隐私 violate (or intrude on/ infringe on ) someone’s privacy

毁坏某人的名誉 tarnish/ sully/ smear/ besmirch one’s reputation

狗仔队 n. ( pl.) paparazzi

名人 n. ( pl.) celebrities

丑闻 n. scandals

掩盖 v. cover up/ gloss over/ whitewash

客观的 adj. objective

不客观的 adj. biased/ skewed/ unobjective

如实的描述 factual accounts

可信的 adj. reliable/ trustworthy/ dependable

及时的 up-to-date/ up-to-minute

道德准则 code of ethics/ code of conduct

监督 vt. scrutinize

无处不在的 adj. ubiquitous/ prevalent

荒.唐的，可笑的 adj. absurd/ ludicrous

高调的/低调的 adj. high-profile/ low-profile

独家新闻 exclusive news

(明星的)光环 the glitz and glamour

魅力四射的 adj. glamorous

处在公众注意力的焦点 in the spotlight/ in the limelight

媒体炒作 media hype

传闻 n. gossip

捏造的 adj. fabricated

托福写作：地道句子整理

句子：

21. Parents always think that children will get a good job and earn a lot of money.

改进: Parents always expect their children to get a good job and earn a lot of money.

22. If a student only cares about money, will lead to be unhappy all his life.

改进: If a student only cares about money, he will be misled and will be unhappy all his life.

23. One purpose of education is to study the way in which he studies later.

改进: One purpose of education is to learn to learn.

24. Many parents arrange their children go to learn piano.

改进: Many parents send their children to piano classes.

25. When I want to absorb somebody else's opinion, I will study with others.

改进: When I need second opinion, I will study with others.

26. Eating outside has the most advantage that we can go at any time when we finish eating without doing any washing.

改进: The best part of eating out is that we can leave everything behind after meal.

27. Smoking can help you relax your mind.

改进: Cigarettes can help you relax.

28. What's about nonsmokers?

改进: What about nonsmokers?

29. Why not to be a non-smoker?

改进: Why not be a non-smoker?

30. Everyone will have many friends in his life.

改进: Everyone has friends in his life.

托福写作：倒装句的具体技巧

倒装句有两种:

将主语和谓语完全颠倒过来,叫做完全倒装(Complete Inversion)。如:In came a man with a white beard.

只将助动词(包括情态动词)移至主语之前,叫做部分倒装(Partial Inversion)。如:Only once was John late to class.

英语句子的倒装一是由于语法结构的需要而进行的倒装,二是由于修辞的需要而进行的倒装。前一种情况,倒装是必须的,否则就会出现语法错误;后一种情况,倒装是选择性的,倒装与否只会产生表达效果上的差异。下面本文就拟从其修辞功能谈谈倒装句的用法。

一、表示强调:

倒装句最突出、最常见的修辞效果就是强调,其表现形式如下:

1. only +状语或状语从句置于句首,句子用部分倒装。

eg.Only in this way can you solve this problem. 只有用这种方法,你才可以解决这个问题。

eg.Only after he had spoken out the word did he realize he had made a big mistake.只有当他已经说出那个字后才意识到自己犯了个大错误。

2. not, little, hardly, scarcely, no more, no longer, in no way, never, seldom, not only, no sooner等具有否定意义的词或词组位于句首,句子用部分倒装。

eg. No sooner had I got home than it beg.an to rain. 我刚到家就下起了雨。

eg. Seldom do I go to work by bus. 我很少乘公共汽车上班。

3. so / such...that结构中的so或such位于句首可以构成部分倒装句,表示强调so /such和that之间的部分。

eg.So unreasonable was his price that everybody startled. 他的要价太离谱,令每个人都瞠目结舌。

eg.To such length did she go in rehearsal that the two actors walked out. 她的彩排进行得那么长,以致于那两个演员都走出去了。

以上各例子都用倒装语序突出了句首成分,其语气较自然语序强烈,因而具有极佳的修辞效果。

二、承上启下

有时倒装可把前一句说到的人或物,或与前一句有联系的人或物在下一句紧接着先说出来,从而使前后两句在意思上的关系更加清楚,衔接更加紧密,起到承上启下的作用。

eg.They broke into her uncle's bedroom and found the man lying on the floor, dead. Around his head was a brown snake. 他们破门进入她叔叔的卧室,发现他躺在地板上死了。一条棕褐色的蛇缠在他头上。

eg. We really should not resent being called paupers. Paupers we are, and paupers we shall remain. 我们确实不应因为被称作穷光蛋而愤愤不平。我们的确是穷光蛋,而且还会继续是穷光蛋。

三、制造悬念,渲染气氛

在新闻或文学创作中,有时为了内容的需要,或是为了强调,作者常常运用倒装来制造悬念,渲染气氛。如:

Hanging on the wall was a splendid painting. 墙上挂着一幅精美的图画。

再如朗费罗(Longfellow)《雪花》中的一节:

Out of the bosom of the Air,

Out of the cloud-folds of her garments shaken,

Over the woodlands brown and bare,

Over the harvest-fields forsaken,

Silent, and soft, and slow,

Descends the snow.

在这一节诗里 ,诗人就富有创意地运用了倒装。在前五行中 ,诗人堆砌了七个状语,状语连续出现而主语和谓语却迟迟未露 ,造成一种悬念效应。全节读罢 ,读者才对诗歌的主题恍然大悟 ,因而收到了不同凡响的艺术效果。

四、平衡结构

英语修辞的一个重要原则是尾重原则,即把句子最复杂的成分放在句尾以保持句子平衡。在语言使用中为了避免产生头重脚轻、结构不平衡的句子,我们常采用倒装语序。

1. 以作状语的介词短语开头:当主语较长或主语所带修饰语较长时,为了使句子平衡,常将状语置于句首,句子用完全倒装语序。

eg.To the coal mine came a com-pany of PLA soldiers with orders from the headquarters to rescue the trapped miners.

eg.A company of PLA soldiers came to the coal mine with orders from the headquarters to rescue the trapped miners.

一个连队的解放军战士来到了那座煤矿,奉司令部之命解救受困的矿工。

eg.On the ground lay some air conditioners, which are to be shipped to some other cities.

eg.Some air conditioners lay on the ground, which are to be shipped to some other cities.

地上放着一些空调,等着用船运到其他城市去。

从例句中可看出, 采用倒装语序的A句结构平衡稳妥 ,读起来自然流畅,而采用自然语序的B句结构零乱, 读起来也别扭。因而,在主语较长时就应采用倒装语序以取得理想的表达效果。

2. 以表语开头的句子:有时为了把较长的主语放在后面,须将表语和谓语都提到主语前。

eg.Such would be our home in the future. 我们将来的家就是这个样子。

3. 以副词here , there开头的句子,也采用完全倒装来保持句子平衡。

eg.Here is the letter you have been looking forward to. 你盼望已久的信在这儿。

五、使描写生动

有时为了使叙述或描绘更加生动形象,增加语言效果,可将表示方向的副词(如:down, up, out, in, off, on, away等)或拟声词(bang, crack等)置于句首,句子采用全部倒装的语序(主语为人称代词的句子除外)。

eg.Up went the rocket into the air. 嗖地一声火箭就飞上天了。

eg.Down jumped the criminal from the third floor when the policeman pointed his pistol at him. 当警察把手枪瞄准那个罪犯时,嘭地一下他就从三楼跳了下去。

eg.Boom went the cannon! 轰隆一声大炮开火了!

eg.Bang came another shot!砰!又是一声枪响!

以上句子简洁明快 ,生动逼真地描述了有关动作 ,令我们一览此类倒装的风采。但这种倒装句的修辞功能在语段中可以体现得更为清楚。

“Stop thief! Stop thief!” There is a magic cry in the sound. The tradesman leaves his counter, ... Away they run, pell—mell, helter—skelter, yelling—screaming, ...

“Stop thief ! Stop thief !” The cry is taking by a hundred voices, ... Away they fly, splashing through the mud, up go the window, out run the people. ( Dickens )

作者在第一段和第二段中分别用副词away, up和out位于句首引出四个倒装句Away they run , Away they fly, up go the window , out run the people。从而制造出一种紧张、急促的气氛 ,生动地刻画了一个紧张、混乱的捉贼场面。

篇9：托福口语每日训练提升心得经验

托福口语每日训练提升心得经验汇总分享 日常学习要做好这些事

1、练就“假嗓子”功夫：

说明：说英语(课程)时，声音浑厚，富有磁性，听起来像外国人

操作：每天跑步10分钟，一边跑步一边有节奏地喊1234，坚持10天见效果哦。

2、增强舌头的柔韧度：

说明：改掉一个一个单词说英语的习惯，流利说出顺畅英语。

操作：把pike it up，check it out读成一个单词，一口气说出最多次数。

3、自信朗读每个英文单词：

内容：看见单词，能即刻默写出它的音标;看到音标，能猜出单词

操作：每天挑选30个长单词，先誊写音标，然后默写单词音标。

4、清晰地说标准英语：

说明：双元音饱满，长音足够长，读准咬舌音、唇齿音，吐字清晰

操作：每天读一段必须带有音标的文章，速度越慢越好，发音务必准确。

5、模仿训练：

内容：模仿经典英文，美化英语语调，模仿外国人说英语

操作：模仿美国总统经典演讲;模仿英美电影经典台词(功夫熊猫)。

6、学习趣味英语:

内容：通过英文谚语、英文简称等典型词语了解英语趣味文化

操作:英文简称：family;TCL;BMW;英文谚语: give me a five。

7、装老外说英文和中文:

内容：用假嗓子学美国人说英文和中文;fake it until you make it

操作：ladies and gentlemen，this is special English。

8、用英语体现感情:

内容：富有情感地说英语，记住，交流传递的不是语言而是情感

操作：hey，man，shut up，get out here; I love you，honey!

9、时时处处说英语:

内容：英语是一门语言，语言是用来交流的，说出来的英语才是真英语

操作：和partner练习;去英语角练习;参加英语演讲比赛;找外国人交流

名师指点英语口语学习完全攻略

口语完全攻略-起步篇

听,说,读,写,是学习语言最自然的过程, 就象我们从小学母语一样. 所以学英语也该先从听,说入手. 关于听力, ”听力完全攻略”已说得很好了, 这里不再赘述, 单谈“说”。

首先, 需要选一本好的口语教材. 大家不要小看教材的作用. 我所居住的大学已为该校教师开办多期口语班, 均由外教授课, 但几乎没有一期是成功的. 原因就在于高估了该校教师的口语水平, 从来没有采用基础的口语教材系统教授. 可怜这些硕士博士, 包括GRE高分者, 到现在还不会开口说英语. 外教就更不幸, 每次问”Any volunteer?” 大家都低头“沈默是金”, 可怜这位白胡子老头竟然要抛球决定由谁回答!

与”沈默是金”相反, 有人非常敢说, 随便逮个人就乱说一气. 我有个朋友就是这样,经常会问我”Do you want to talk to me tomorrow?”) 时间他是花了不少, 英语沙龙更是每晚必到, 说得也很流利了(语速够快), 但他的口语怎么听怎么别扭. 为什么?就因为他只愿意与人聊天, 而从不肯好好背一下他买的那一大堆口语书中的句型. (他嫌太简单!-却一句也背不出!)

英语绝不是你想怎么说就怎么说的, 很多表达都有其固定的方式, 因此想要学好口语,就至少要学上一套系统的口语教材。

怎么才算”系统”呢? 它应该是按情景分类, 告诉你在什么样的场合说什么样的话。象李阳的教材就不宜作为入门教材, 句型是够丰富了, 但没说清楚该怎么使用。

口语教材最好是附有相应的文化背景介绍, 因为东西方文化差异大, 同样的场景, 用中式思维表达很可能会闹笑话. 详见“胡敏老师谈学英语的六大策略”。若所选教材未配有文化背景介绍, 可另外读些相关书籍弥补。

最好选用由英美人士撰写的经典口语教材。如走遍美国, 英语900句等.

A: You are making me very disappointed!

B: What makes you say so?

我专门就此请教我的外教, 他们说即使即使是上级对下级, 这样说话也是非常rude.

口语教材应配有磁带, 以便模仿, 记忆.

在学习过程中, 要特别注意那些与中式思维不同的表达方式. 比如说, ”Would you mind giving me a push?” 很多人会不假思索地答”Yes, of course”. 其实回答应该是“Not at all.”

我曾亲耳听到北大外语学院院长在Out Look 节目里, 当主持人问他是否认为甜蜜的事业与小字辈里男女主人公表达感情方式太含蓄时, 他说:”I think they are not traditional.”

要不是亲耳听见, 我是怎么也不敢相信这样典型的chinglish会出自北大外语学院院长之口. 另一方面, 这说明一个人的思维定式是多么难以改变, 这也是学英语需要下大力气的地方.

口语教材选定以后, 就要反复跟磁带模仿直至能完全背诵. 如何检验自己对教材的掌握程度呢? 李阳介绍的方法还是不错的, 即把句型的英文遮住, 对着中文说英文, 再把中文遮住, 对着英文说中文. 能流利做到这两点, 就算过了背诵这一关了。

口语完全攻略 之 我是菜鸟我要飞

光是背口语教材是远远不够的，因为你不见得会有那么好运气：每次与人交流时对白都会跟书上一模一样。所以在熟背句型的同时，还要学会如何把这些句型消化吸收，化为己用。

很多人都会说：多开口!其实他们无法想象这对那些从未开口说英语的人来说是多么困难：他们不知道该说什么，有的人会老半天一个字都憋不出，“开口”对他们来说无异于是一种折磨。因此信心屡屡受挫，造成畏难心理。

如何才能把所学化为所用呢?复述就是一个好办法。找一些简单短小的故事来复述。这个过程对有的人会很简单，而有的人就会觉得很难。你让他“用自己的话”来复述课文，他同样也会老半天憋不出一个字，因为他还没能把所学的句型融会贯通为“自己的话”，这时不要硬来(那样会觉得自己又笨又没用， 更加不想学)，要降低难度：选取那些后面附有问题的文章或课文(如新概念2，3)，照着问题回答总该会了吧?新概念的问题设计得很合理，把问题答完也就相当于把课文简要复述出来了，而且问题易于回答(都可从文中找到答案，但与原句又不尽相同)。一定要大声回答，光是写在纸上或在脑子里想是远远不够的。

这样练习一段时间，逐渐过渡到不须回答问题，但允许看着课文复述;再到不看课文直接用自己的话复述，然后逐渐增加课文难度与长度，限时完成， 一次完成不好就再来一次，直到通顺流利为止。用表计时，就可看到自己的进步。当一看完文章就立刻能流利地复述，恭喜你!你已经超额完成起步阶段任务了。

实战篇 之 初试身手

句型也背了, 也能用自己的话复述短文了, 现在该走出家门, 到英语角或英语沙龙去试试身手了.

这一阶段的要诀是: 脸皮要厚些, 厚些, 再厚些!!! (难怪baobab学口语快, 天生的好本钱嘛! 真是得天独”厚”啊!!!)

不要去想什么语法, 不要怕自己说错-如果你总在担心出错, 恐怕你永远也说不出”正确”的英语. As Liyang said ”enjoy losing face!!! The more mistake you make, the more progress you make!!!”

鼓起勇气，厚起脸皮，说!说!!说!!!

说什么呢?在英语角交新朋友，自然从自我介绍开始: 叫什么名字, 什么专业(工作),兴趣爱好, 闲暇怎么度过….. (跟相亲差不多! 不妨把它想象成与美女或帅哥相亲!)同样问题你也可以问你的新朋友, 不时插入些”Why…?” 或”how interesting!” 一旦开了好头, 接下来就顺利了.

假如你运气不佳, 到了英语角正碰上大家围着老外或沙龙主持人热烈讨论, 没人理你.不要傻乎乎地等人家来关照你这个新手(不是没有可能, 但可能会很久, 那样会让你感觉很糟糕). 这时你先找个位子: “Is this seat taken?”(搭讪第一句) 坐下后接着问: ”Excuse me, what’s today’s topic?” (搭讪第二句) 接下来你可以开始听,可以参与讨论(可能对新手来说有点难), 也可以跟周围的人交换看法。

下面谈谈在英语角练口语的一些常见误区:

一:不懂装懂. 练口语最忌不懂装懂. 很多人明明没有听懂, 却不好意思让别人重复,就总在点头微笑. 那样什么也学不到. We learn English for self-improvement, not for showing smiles. 其实没有人会介意, 因为每个人都是从初学者一步一步走过来的，所以都能理解初学者的困难。只要你肯开口问，就一定会得到满意的答案。Baobab到现在还保持这样的习惯：第一次没听清，会说“Pardon?”，还是没听懂，就说“Sorry，but what is …?” , 还不懂就说, “Could you please changeanother word?”…….一直换到她听懂为止!(看! 脸皮够厚吧?)

二忌由始至终查单词. 与”不懂装懂”相反, 有的人特认真, 碰到生词不弄清誓不罢休. 于是从一到英语角开始就一直忙着查词典, 记生词一直到离开(因为生词总是层出不穷的), 把英语角当成单词课堂,忘记来英语角的目的是练习的了-没时间说也没功夫听)。

那碰到生词怎么办呢? 不是不能不懂装懂吗? 那要看情况了: 如果是集体讨论, 不影响理解大意就继续往下听, 确实有碍理解就问一下旁边的人, 弄懂意思就继续听; 如果是一对一交流, 那就可以请他为你写下来, 最好请他告诉你一个相关句型或造一个句子,让你明白它的用法. 回到家里再把当天记下的生词整理出来)。

实战篇 之 狂练口语班

上口语班也是不错的选择: 有老师教授, 有同学交流, 最重要的是它提供了语言环境与氛围。不过假如你运气不佳, 上了一个草台班子(不幸的是，大部分培训班都是骗钱的草台班子所以baobab从不花一分钱上任何培训班她只会混课!!!)

老师水平很臭, 发音也是烂得一塌糊涂, 同学们也是三天打鱼两天晒网的.这时你也不要气馁. 既然钱都交了, 就算为了这些学费, 你都要学下去. 老师发音糟糕, 就不要跟他学, 跟磁带学好了：同学经常缺课，人少上课，发言的机会就了.

不过再好的培训班, 你也不要指望每周几个学时的课堂会点石成金。口语班只不过提供一种学习氛围或者说只是让你提高兴趣而已。想要掌握口语，还得多下力气，所谓“功夫在诗外”就是这个道理。

首先上课之前一定要预习，最好是先熟记要学的内容。这样在课堂上就可以把学习新句子的时间节省下来练习，课后一定要熟背所学的内容。下面谈一谈课堂练习：

我们都知道学口语一定要多练，但在口语班，很多人都不敢开口，这除了口语还不熟练以外，更有可能的是他们不习惯在公众面前发言。李阳的疯狂法之所以有效，是因为他的训练是让学员从在公众面前说话或演讲开始，而一旦能成功地在公众面前发言，自信心就会获得极大的提高， 这种成就感会激发更大的学习热情。李阳把学英语与自我激励结合起来，这与卡耐基的训练法则是一致的。(当初卡耐基就是从他的演说班的成功获得启示，才逐步发展出后来的以社交技能为主的成功学教育)

但是在没有李阳的指导下，自己怎么才能克服这种畏惧心理呢?那只有多作准备了，胸有成竹就没那么胆怯了。课前预先把当天要讨论的话题自己先练习几遍，有必要的话可以先写下来。课堂上的即席话题，可以在别人发言时先把自己观点写下来，(刚开始时可能需要写全，逐步过渡到只写要点，最后不需写也可以流利地陈述。)然后在心里念一下，就大胆起来发言吧。

归根到底，要争取抓住机会多发言。想想你交的学费吧，沉默一分钟， 就浪费一分钱。练得越多才越划算。想想象baobab之辈一分钱都不交只管混课的无耻之徒都在狂练，你还有什么理由保持沉默呢?

口语完全攻略 之扩展篇：厚积方能薄发

英语角也常去了，口语班也上过了，接下来的任务是继续扩展句型, 提高听力, 并培养用”英语思维”的习惯。

这一阶段可以看些象李阳疯狂英语之类的口语书，他的教材特点是句型比较时尚，还有很多地道生动的超级短句，是扩展句型的好教材。

还有就是提高听力。很多朋友都有这样的经历：刚开始学口语时开口难于听力，开口说了一阵后，又发现听力落后于口语。原因很简单：因为“说”的都是自己掌握的词汇，而“听“别人说，词汇就不一定会在自己掌握的范围内。想要口语听力同步提高，还要加强练习。

最好的办法是跟录音复述。既练听力，又练口语。它的难度比阅读后复述要难多了(注意复述之前不能看文本，否则对听力锻炼就不够)。 还是沿用“难度递减法则“：即先听完全文(可反复听几遍)，然后试着复述全文。若难度太大，则听一段，复述一段。一句一句就免了罢(想要每一句都变化表达方式难度更大，很容易变成跟读)。尽量不要看文本，那样对听力提高不大。宁可降低听力材料的难度，选些简单，语速稍慢的小故事，那些只有句型的口语教材是不合适的。

还有就是要养成用英语思维的习惯。 听起来很抽象噢，很多人往往不知从何“思起”。其实很简单：比如说，你要去英语沙龙或口语班之前，若事先知道话题，就预先在脑子里想一下。或你知道会在那里见到某位朋友，就想一下要跟他聊的话题。当你从英语角或英语班回来后，就回想一下刚才你跟别人的对话，看看自己有什么地方说错了，有那些句子会有更好的表达方式。 今天从别人那里又学会什么新的句型……. 此法同样可以用于打电话。慢慢习惯这样的思维方式后就可以在脑海中模拟与朋友的对话(不妨交一位异性学友, 以”激情联想”)。想当初baobab就因为英文信写的差, 每天都在心中”写”和”修改”她的英文email, “英语思维”就这样练出来了, 好几年没去英语角练口语了, 口语不退反进. 全靠”激情联想法”啦!

解析阻碍开口因素之一：语音崇拜

“哑巴英语”是长期困扰我国公共英语教学的老大难问题。对此，专家、学者、公众传媒的反省和批评已是老生常谈。真可谓“英语好学口难开”。

诚然，要解决“哑巴英语”这一根深蒂固的弊病，是一件长期、艰巨、复杂的工作。其原因是多方面的：有语言环境方面的，有教学方针、策略方面的，有心理方面的,等等。 拟对阻碍开口的因素之一“语音崇拜”心理作一些探讨和分析，以使人们走出误区，对英语发音在心目中过高的地位作出调整，释放开口说话的能量。

一.完美的发音追求成了交际障碍

(一)“完美发音”在日常交际中不具必要性及可行性

一般说来，对一种语言发音的正确与否是话语交际成功与否和效果好坏的因素之一，而发音

的优美悦耳与否会成为交流难易程度的附加因素。就母语而言，说话者一般不存在发音不准之虞，而“完美无缺”的发音在外语使用者中是较少见的，更难讲求“优美悦耳”了。即使在同一个国家中，如果这个国家是多民族、多方言的，哪怕操着国语，人们的话语里也往往夹杂着挥之不去的地方口音。以我国普通话为例，在一般情况下，只要一开口，言者来自南方还是北方便昭然若揭。但此种“南腔北调”的普通话就如发音不太完美的外语的一样，一般不至于影响正常的交际。

以上分析旨在说明一个观点：发音正确、优美固然是言者追求的境界，但在真实言语、特别是在外语交流中难以达到致臻致美的程度。而不怎么完美的发音在多数场合中并不会妨碍语言的交际而使人与人之间、地域与地域之间、国与国之间的交流产生困难，受到阻碍。这无论在语言的历史、现状或将来的发展中都应该是站得住脚的。

(二)对外语“完美发音”要求的不合理性

任何一种语言对别国人来说都是外语。有外语存在就会有对国语和外语发音的不同要求和态度。从不同的母语和外语使用者的角度出发，初步概括一下，我们周围存在着的对发音的要求有一个“高”和三个“低”。

1.国人对英语发音要求过“高”

在日常生活中，不乏人们对英语发音的过高和不合常理要求的事例。

事例1，某高中英语教师讲英语时乡音比较重。在评定他的工作责任心时，有人提出了发音问题。诚然，英语发音是一名英语教师“英语素质”的标志之一。可俗话说“乡音难改”，这和某种能力有关。有人不用“解决”就“解决”了，而有人即使用“九牛二虎之力”也难以见效，更何况将其和体现人的责任心联系起来 ?C- 责任心在某种程度上可以讲是人的品德和觉悟的体现。可见英语的“发音至上”是何等地深入人心!相反，对待普通话可是宽容多了。我们周围能讲真正标准普通话的人不多，即使是中文老师。但只要学生和老师之间听说互动能顺利进行，一般很少有学生会因老师的普通话不好如果一位英语老师的英语发音不怎么“地道”的话，他(她)就会被认为水平低而被看不起，即使他(她)的语言知识水平不俗。

事例2，某英语教师说mountain时用了[‘mauntih]的音，教研室主任很是不满，议论说应该是[‘maunt?h]”。该说明的是议论时当事人不在场。事实上，单词mountain 的这两种发音都是对的。退一步讲，如果真的是这位教师犯了错，也不必这么大惊小怪，一经指出改正了，不就好了?这种“大为不满”和背后“窃窃私语”的矛盾态度不正生动地表现了人们对英语发音的苛求和不宽容心态吗?

事例3， 某女学生有着一副好嗓子，对英语48个音素发得比较准确，但往往会把单词的音发错，把诸如“the bright moon in the sky”说成了 [‘δ? ‘brit ‘mun in ‘δ? ‘ski ] (应为[ ‘δ? ‘brait ‘mun in ’ δ? ‘skai ])。在一次英语朗诵比赛的初赛中她就由于这一点而被淘汰了(要知道参加朗诵比赛是完全可以在赛前排练到自己认为“至臻至美”的程度的，可见她对不理解，感到她发音这么漂亮怎么会被“唰”下来，认为不公正。其实是她那漂亮的嗓音和准确的对48个音素(不是单词)的发音，掩盖了单词表达的错误，“蒙蔽”了一些人。 这个例子虽然绝对了一些，但这种现象不能说和我们对漂亮的发音的盲目崇拜不无关系。应该指出的是该生的英语成绩不及格者十之八九。试问，象这样的人能用她那“漂亮的发音”胜任实际交际吗?相反，一个发音带有一点地方口音，但能准确表达的人，倒更能正常地和别人交流。

和做任何事情一样，学习英语得走过从“无把握”到“有把握”的历程。在这样的“唯发音是论”的氛围里，初学者是不太敢说自己有把握而贸然开口的。久而久之，不少人也就渐渐失却了开口的勇气。这也就是人们讲英语“欲说无言”的心理原因之一。

2.从人们对母、外语发音的不同要求反观三个“低”

上述几个例子，显示了国人对英语发音的高要求。然而，不管是中国人对外国人甚至对中国人自己的中文发音，还是英、美人对中国人的英语发音要求却相对都很低。

(1)中国人对外国人的中文发音要求 ? - 低

外国人讲中国普通话,十有八九洋腔洋调,这是很正常的事情,没有什么人会对此感到好笑,

更不用说是看不起了。电视节目有时候会邀请来自不同国家的人士做佳宾，他们的中文发音奇奇怪怪，带着各自母语的腔调，但又有谁会说怎么讲得这么差也上电视台呢(但要是我国自己的电视主持人，难得“客串”一句英语，如果发音不怎么地道的话，观众很可能会不以为然)?相反，如果一个外国人讲一口流利、漂亮的普通话，人们的反应一般会超乎寻常，或是惊奇，或是想不通，或是赞叹了不起。加拿大人大山，就是一个语言驾驭能力特别强的特例。要是一个“老外”能讲流利、标准的上海话，那就更是稀奇又稀奇了。这种极少出现的特例，十之八九是从小就在上海，在语言可塑性还很强的时候就接触、学习、使用上海话了。一般讲来，年纪越小，所学语言的口音就越纯正，而越早掌握的语言口音会对后学的产生迁移性的影响。这就解释了为什么后来学会的外语的发音中往往会带有母语的口音，哪怕是“蛛丝马迹”。

有几个随父母来上海的外国小孩，他们都能讲上海话，但各自的上海话中都夹杂着宁波述等地的，她们上海话中浓重的乡音还真“代代相传”了呢。

(2)英、美人对中国人的英语发音要求 ? -低

同样，英、美人对中国人的英语发音的要求也很宽容。他们不会因我们的发音有中国腔而

感到奇怪，也不会由于某个词使用不当而大惑不解。即使有谁把mountain 发成 [‘mauntein]，他们也只会在听不懂时想一下，或再问一下。在他们的眼里，中国人发错一点音是很正常的，外语么。更不要说只是发得不那么好听、悦耳了。

(3)中国人对中国人的中文发音要求 ? -低

国人对英语发音要求似乎偏高，但对我们自己的中国普通话的发音要求又怎样呢?对此上文已有所阐述，在此再补充一点：讲好普通话必须知道相关的发音方法，但更须动用言语官能将话语讲出来。换句话说，讲话须用脑力和体力，但更接近“体力劳动”。我们经常可以听到幼儿园的小朋友普通话讲得很“溜”而大字不识一个，而大学中文系的名教授讲着乡音浓重的“洋泾浜”普通话，难道说这小朋友就比教授有学问吗?当然不是。这种现象或许可以用不同个体的言语“体力”的强弱程度的不同在交际中的不同表现来解释，虽然不尽恰当。事实上，只要一个人的普通话能被听懂，能用于交流，一般不存在被接不接受，或被看不看得起的问题。也就是说，国人对普通话不太“较真”，在交际中对对方的普通话的好坏不怎么敏感。

从上述几组对比中，不难看出国人对外语发音要求比本国的国语“普通话”的要求还要高，真有不尽合理和公正之感。

二.产生“一高、三低”现象的主、客观原因

上述现象的产生原因有客观和主观的：外语听力心理要求的客观、听力教学形式不足的客

观、经济文化等因素导致的人们心理上的主观。

(一) 语言环境的缺乏和教学手段的不足导致听觉的高要求

1.听觉对不熟悉的目标语更“挑剔”

听者对外语发音要求高于母语是必然的,因为母语的语言文字在人脑中已形成了一套有效的音、形、义的知觉和理解、提取的使用机制，在母语交际中，即使有时言者在输出时发音不怎么地道、清楚、甚至不准确，听者在输入时也会自动、快速、熟练地进行预测、知觉、理解或失败、修正、再理解，直至最终和言者的意图达成一致(当然也有理解不成功的时候，那只能动用其他手段，如在条件允许时要求重讲等，使交际得以继续，否则就中断了)。在此过程中，言者的发音质量往往不被计较，而不成为听者对之敏感的因素。外语就不同了。发音质量成了敏感因素。在交际过程中，只要有些微的“风吹草动”，听者的注意力、知觉敏感度和理解的准确度就会打折扣。作过磁带听力练习的人恐怕都有这样的体会：哪怕有人在身边无声地走过都会“带走”一连串的话语。因此，听者往往期盼言者吐字清晰、准确、易懂。这是因为外语学习是在“非语言环境”的“真空”中进行的，一旦进入真实交际状态，较容易受到真实语境中难免的发音缺陷或发音不到位等因素的影响。

在听、说交际时，听者需要时间去反映、提取、理解,而语言交流的速度是不以听者的意志为转移的。在交际的时候，“主动权”掌握在言者手里，当听者的输入速度跟不上言者的输出速度时，理解会失败。这在母语和外语交际中都可能发生。但由于在母语交际时可以动用的附加手段要远远多于外语，这种情况发生的比率会远远低于外语。

因此听者对外语发音的要求高一些是正常的心理状态。然而，目前的实际状况是很多人对此要求有点过头。如果每每“计较”言者发音的好坏，一味“以音取人”，就会打击言者的自信，使之处于“欲言口难开”的境地。

2.对非标准英语语音排斥的心理倾向是实验室效应的产物

限于条件，外语学习的听力训练一般不可能做“实地演练”而只能在语言实验室里进行。

因此，所听内容不能以真实语境中的真实个体的各种形态的声音为载体来表达，而只能是由录音磁带上的正规、地道、标准的语音来体现。听惯了标准音而又缺乏实地训练的人，一旦离开语言实验室就得去适应“凡夫俗子”的口音。但由于人的思维定势，在“去适应”还是“使适应”之间，听者会无意识地倾向于后者：老是会感到他(她)说得怎么就不“挺括”，比录音磁带上的差多了，我怎么听怎么就感到不地道?可他们没有想到录音带上的是“国标”。即使是中国人讲中国的国语，有几个达得到“国标”，更何况要缺乏语言环境的中国人达到英语的“国标”?反过来，若让对别人发音要求颇高的人自己讲英语，又有几个能真正地达到他们自己对别人所期望的呢?总之，要想真正获得听力，只有努力使自己那被“阳春白雪宠坏了的”耳朵走出实验室，放下“架子”，和“下里巴人”作“零距离接触”，努力去“迁就”、适应各色声调、口音。

其实，来自同一母语群体的人，有着同样的发音习惯，说外语时易受同样的母语语音负迁移的影响，对本族人即使不怎么地道的英语发音也比实验室之外的地道的英国人或美国人的话语容易听懂。据此，一个人外语的音发得标准与否对其本国人的听力理解不会有太大的影响，对之要求过高实际意义不大。

(二)经济落差导致盲目崇拜

1.从广东话、上海话在国内的地位演变看经济发达地区语言的“主导性”

社会心理学和心理语言学都告诉我们，经济发达地区的人们往往以“老大”自居，在跨国

或跨地区语言交流时不屑使用落后地区的语言，而经济相对落后地区的人们却又截然相反，他们往往以能使用“强国语言”而感到自豪。例如由于经济较落后，苏北话就长期被人看不起;上世纪八十年代由于改革开放，广东经济崛起，再加上在香港地区广东人的数目占绝对优势，而广东话又是香港的“普通话”，一时间广东话成了时尚。电影、电视剧里常常可以看到操着拖 “广东尾音”的普通话的小老板不是被人羡慕得要死，就是个骗倒一大帮人的大骗子。再如，上海人以前被人看不起，说是上海人“门槛精”，滑头、小家子气。因此上海人到外地不敢“露真容”，更不用说开口讲上海话了，一则怕被人看不起，二则别人也听不懂。可近年来“城市的高度越变越快，上海让人越看越爱”，新学说上海话为乐。于是乎上海话培训班应运而生，尽管国家一再提倡讲普通话，而普通话在上海又完全管用、够用。顺便提一下，现在上海的浦东又成了改革开放的前沿阵地，说不准到时候“浦东话”也成了人们争相学说的新宠。

故经济发展的不平衡也会体现在地方语言的地位上，而往往被作为衡量属于同一语言使用群体的人的阶层的高低贵贱标尺之一的纯正的发音，当然也不可避免地成为外语使用者关注的焦点。

2.“仰视”发达国家，追求“纯正”口音

正因为英语国家多数是发达国家，而我们是发展中国家，加上过去我们的国门长期闭锁，直到邓小平改革开放的国策唤醒了国人，让我们了解世界，也让世界了解我们。这时英语的重要性是不言而喻的。国人对发音较好的人是钦佩有加，反之抱不屑的眼光，尽管不少人自己的音发得也不怎么样。

在此并非有意批评，只是想提醒和呼吁一下，这样本末倒置地对同胞们英语发音的过高要求，不但不能促进人们的英语口语能力，反而阻碍人们开口的勇气，使人话到嘴边口难开。

现在社会上对李阳的“疯狂英语”已经不陌生了。其中有一点很值得借鉴?D?D “自信加疯狂”，大胆地把口开起来，这是学好英语不是“秘笈”的“秘笈”。

三.发音不必至上，交流才属目的

听和说是人类语言交际同一层面上的一组互动，因此，听和说的相互配合协作是交际成败致

关重要的因素。如果说者用词不直接明了、声音含糊，听者就难以听清、理解，交际可能失败;反之，如果听者采取不协作态度，把言者的意思(故意)歪曲的话，也可能导致交际的失败。因此，作为言者，除了必须采用适当的词语和方式，将自己的意思明白无误地表达出来，还必须用清晰、明亮、让人足以听清的声音来说话，包括发音正确(也力求漂亮)。当然，如上所述，发音正确在外语来说并不十分容易，但要尽量向正确的方向靠拢，使交际尽量顺利地进行。

至于听者，他的任务就是去听懂、理解言者，去预测、听、辨、纠正错音(动用自身的内部纠音机制)、理解、检验(直到感觉自身的理解和说者的意思达成一致为止)，其任务完成得好坏要依赖很多因素：听者本身的语言水平(词汇量、语法知识和语音水平)、常识和语言敏感性。一般自身发音较准确者，听起来就容易，并且对别人发得不太准确的音的预测、修正和理解会来得快一些、效率高一点。

因此，听、说双方应本着合作原则，各自尽可能做得完满一点，不要过高地要求对方，不

要嫌弃发音不太好的人，拒绝“窝里斗”，营造宽松的氛围，使能开口的把口开起来，想开口的轻装上阵，使我们的英语知识有用武之地，使多年来的“英语哑巴”开口说话。

四.结束语

语音是语言交流中的一个必不可少的因素，它是语言内容最基本的载体。发音准确、优美是语言交流所追求的境界，是言、听双方的美的享受。但在外语交流中如果一味追求完美发音，人们对发音的高要求就会扼杀言者的说话积极性，从而阻碍国人对英语的学习、使用。

因此，不拔高、不苛求，以宽松的心态对待国人的英语发音，才能鼓励“英语哑巴” 从“无声世界”里走出来，将英语真正学到手。

篇10：托福写作如何提升用词准确性技巧实例精讲

托福写作如何提升用词准确性技巧实例精讲

托福写作用词不准确问题很常见

写作中用词不准确是很容易犯的毛病，good，terrible，see，nice，kind，greatly，think，know，something 等词汇在学生作文中反复出现。这些词本身并没有问题，是英语常用词，但是它们表达的意思过于模糊，很多情况下，应该使用意义更加准确的词。况且，学生老是使用这几个词会给人以表达形式单调，词汇量贫乏，文章缺乏感染力的印象。

实例讲解托福写作词汇使用技巧

下面的一些例子，通过换用一、两个准确生动的词语或是运用一些固定搭配及习语就使整个句子增色不少。

1.Original: Solving trivial problems in the dorm will add your social experience and helpyou to understand other people’s feelings and learn to be kind.

Revised: Solving trivial problems in the dorm will enrich your social experience andhelp you to understand other people’s feelings andlearn to be considerate.

亮点评析

add，kind表达的含义都比较宽泛。

add可以指数量上的增加，也可以指程度的加强，对于“丰富经验、增加知识”这个意思，用enrich会使表达更准确。

kind从字面意义上讲是“好的、善良的”，用kind来形容人无法具体地表现出一个人的性格特征到底怎样，原句中是想表达“考虑周到、体贴入微”的特点，要准确表达这个含义应选择considerate。

2. Original:Science and technology have greatly influenced our lives and our society ischanging very rapidly.

Revised:Science and technology have come to pervade every aspect of our lives and, as aresult, society is changing at a speed which is quite unprecedented.

亮点评析

greatly，rapidly 属于常用词，表示程度高、速度快，这样的词在表达效果上不够具体，缺乏说服力，在修改后的句子中用了pervade every aspect of our lives就具体生动地表现出科技的影响力到底有多大，其影响力已渗透到我们生活的方方面面，at a speed which is quite unprecedented意为“以一种前所未有的速度”，形象地道出了变化速度之快。

3.Original: Young people tend to think that real life is as nice and interestingas it is in the novels and movies, while more experienced adults think thiskind of naive daydream will only be destroyed by later experiences and everyone should learn to get used to common everyday life.

Revised:Young people tend to think that real life is as dramatic and fascinating as itis in the novels and movies, while more experienced adults think this kind ofnaive daydream will only be destroyed by later experiences and every one shouldlearn to get used to tedious everyday life.

亮点评析

nice，interesting，common都属于普通词汇，用到句子中也显得平淡苍白。nice的意思是“好的，令人愉快的”，interesting是“有趣的”，这两个词都不能准确地描绘出年轻人所憧憬的美好生活，句中想表达的是年轻人认为生活如同小说、电影一般充满戏剧变化，激动人心，要体现这层含义应该用dramatic，fascinating。dramatic表示“刺激的，戏剧性的，给人深刻印象的”，fascinating表示“具有强烈吸引力的，迷人的，使人神魂颠倒的”，这两个词的程度要比nice，interesting深得多，表现力也更强。

原句用common表达实际的现实生活的枯燥无味是不准确的，common的意思是“普通的，平常的”，普通平常的东西不一定是枯燥的，tedious是表示“(因过长、过慢或单调)令人厌倦的，烦人的”，恰好传达出现实生活由于琐碎和重复而变得索然无味这种含义。

托福写作解析:An important skill

托福写作题目：

Topic：An important skill

What is a very important skill a person should learn in order to be successful in the world today? Choose one skill and use specific reasons and examples to support your choice.

参考范文：

计算机技能是最重要的：

(1)计算机是工作中必须的。不会计算机软件的话，无法进行工作和学习。

(2)计算机已经成为人们互相交流的重要方面，如电子邮件等等。

(3)计算机技能能够大量的节省时间。一个成功的人必须把精力抽出来放在最重要的事情上。

Success has been an issue broadly discussed and defined by different approaches. Some say that being successful means being wealthy. Others associate success with popularity and power. A third approach would relate success with social and emotional well-being. So we come to the questions: “When can be someone considered successful?” and “What skills make success easier to achieve?"

In order to answer the second question, we should have a point of view about what success is. I consider that someone is really successful when that person is able to handle and enjoy social relationships. A leader can be powerful and recognized, but if he is unable to enjoy his leadership and feels lonely because he cannot establish a deep friendship, can we really say such leader is successful? On the other hand, a wealthy person may have all the possessions money can buy, but again, what if he cannot manage a marriage or a friendship? This person is likely to feel lonely and unsatisfied.

Developing social abilities may be a very helpful skill for a person to learn, in order to be successful in the social emotional side of his or her life. One ability to develop could be effective and assertive communication. Many misunderstandings and conflicts can be prevented if we express our ideas clearly and respectfully, and if we learn to ask for clarification when we feel threatened or offended by something someone told us. Another ability could be learning to handle teamwork. We need to learn to work with others at work, at home, at school, in our community. Getting into an agreement with our parents, children, coworkers and friends is a situation that can become hard to handle sometimes. Dealing with teamwork can be really helpful. Finally we could add the ability to deal with conflicts with others and conflicts with our own wishes or decisions. We will always find obstacles in our paths; it can be quite useful to know how to overcome them.

In my opinion, I would define success as being able to enjoy what you have, what you do and who you deal with everyday. And to achieve success, you should have skills that help you handle relationships with your peers. We are social creatures; we need each other to succeed, and to enjoy our success.

托福写作解析:A vehicle that changed people's lives

托福写作题目：A vehicle that changed people's lives

Choose one of the following transportation vehicles and explain why you think it has changed people's lives.

automobiles

bicycles

airplanes

Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

参考分析：

应该选择automobiles。注意，要回答为什么汽车改变了人们的生活。

汽车改变了人们的时间、空间观念，进而改变了人们的生活。

汽车使货物的远程运输成为可能，进而使人们可以购买更多的商品。

汽车使汽油变得格外重要，直接间接导致了很多中东地区的战争。

汽车使空气污染更加严重，导致人们的健康受到影响。

范文：

An airplane is a form of transportation that has changed people's lives. Thanks to the plane, our lives are now faster, more exciting, and more convenient that before. You cannot deny that a plane is fast. For example, the Concorde flies at supersonic speed. A businessman can leave Paris at 11 a.m. in the morning and arrive in New York at 8 a.m. the same morning in time for a day's work. Many business people in Europe will fly to London for a noon meeting and then return home to Rome or Madrid for dinner.

It is always exciting to take a plane trip. When you take a trip by plane, you know that you might cross many time zones, many oceans, and many countries. When you get off the plane, you could be in a place that speaks a different language. A plane is like a magician's trick. You get in a box and you come out somewhere totally different.

Nothing can beat the convenience of a plane. In the old days, it might take you days to do what the plane can do it an hour. Boats, for example, only leave on certain days of the week and take a long time to get to their destination. Planes give you the option to leave several times a day and get you to your destination quickly.

Although other forms of transportation may be more comfortable ,none has changed the way we do business and live our lives more than the plane. Thanks to the speed, excitement, and convenience of the planes, our lives are richer.

托福写作解析:Why people attend college

托福写作题目：

Why people attend college?

People attend college or university for many different reasons (for example, new experiences, career preparation, increased knowledge). Why do you think people attend college or university? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

解析：

说明人们选择上大学的具体原因(一个或者多个)：增加经验、拓展知识、开阔视野

为了实现理想(ideal; idealistic)为了保证将来的就业机会 父母要求子女上大学 别人都上大学了，所以自己也选择读书 找不到工作。

参考范文：

After graduating from high school many young people have the option to directly enter the work force. Most students who have the opportunity, however, decide to go to college before finding jobs (They attend college to obtain more choices,higher salaries, and more opportunities for advancement in an increasingly competitive job market. Before attending college, students have a limited opportunity to specialize. After obtaining a specific college degree a job applicant can be competitive for previously unavailable jobs.

For instance, applicants with Computer Science degrees would not only be qualified for jobs in hightech companies, they would also be well prepared for any job with computer skills as a prerequisite. With a larger range of potential jobs to choose from, degree holders are more likely to find a job that suits their particular needs and interests.

Additionally, employers are willing to pay a premium for highly qualified applicants. For example, many companies desire employees who are competent in more than one language and offer higher salaries to attract them.

Even if a job applicant without a college degree has high standardized test scores, employers may still place a higher value on an applicant with similar test scores who also possesses credentials from a wellknown university. Because of the extent to which a college degree is accepted by employers as proof of competence in a given field, college graduates are not only more likely to receive more job offers, they can also command higher salaries than applicants who lack college diplomas.

Finally, in addition to offering more choices and higher salaries, a college degree offers access to jobs with a clear path towards professional advancement. A B.S. in biology, for example, could allow a student to find a job in a lab after graduation, a first step on the road towards a career in scientific research. The same major could also be used to apply to medical school, and a career as a doctor. Both of these avenues would

篇11：托福听力提升2种高效备考方法介绍

托福听力提升2种高效备考方法介绍

如何快速提升对听力内容的理解力?

具体的练习方法是先听一遍文章，立即用中文将文章意思总结(越详细越好)，在听的过程中可以记笔记练习笔记法的运用。第一遍之后再听以更正和补充文章内容。在做练习时我们会发现随着练习次数的增多，考生对于文章意思的理解能够更准确和全面，同时如果能够正确搭配笔记法使用，考生对于文章中的重点的辨识也会更加驾轻就熟。

如何有效提高听力辨音的准确度?

顾名思义是为了提升考生对于听力中牵涉到的语音形象的辨认。托福听力难，听不懂朗读者说的是哪个单词主要是由于美语的发音和我们接受的教育中的英式乃至中式发音的巨大差距造成的。这些差距体现在美语的特殊语音现象，如连读，弱读等。

辨音练习就是在有了一定的语音知识之后 ，通过不断的听文章，找到不熟悉的声音形象并加以积累，最终达到对文章中的语音都能够熟稔的程度。在这个练习过程中，有两点需要注意：

一是听写过程中没有听懂的单词要竭尽全力听，实在听不懂可以放过等待最终对照原文订正，一定不能听一两遍觉得听不懂就放过，在对照原文时又觉得其实都会，这样的练习收效甚微;

二是需要注意的是所有的错误都要汇总起来，记录自己当时听错的原因以及正确声音形象，没有总结单纯依靠每次听写的练习将会花费大量时间。

托福听力：主旨题点评

在这六大题型中，出镜率最高、几乎每篇文章(我们知道托福听力考试涉及的文章有两种：conversation和lecture)都会涉及到的题目就是主旨题。把握好主旨题同样又是解答其他题目的关键。什么是主旨题呢?ETS官方给出的解释是：对话和讲座的大概意思，即文章主要涉及的是什么内容!关于主旨题，其实很多学生发现它是所有题型中最简单的一道题目。可是往往我们如果不掌握一定的解题技巧和关键策略的话这道题同样可能丢分。所以，把握好主旨题是解题的重中之重。

下面我就如何解答主旨题做一下总结与点评：

1、主旨题在原文和题目中的位置

首先，大家要明确托福听力考试的一大特色就是题目顺序与文章的行文顺序相一致。所以，同学们要明确的是主旨题出现在文章的开头部分，绝对不会出现在文章的中间部分。其中需要注意的一点是，在结尾部分同样可能会出现帮助解答主旨题的解题内容。因为老师很可能对文章内容进行概括和总结。那么，结尾部分就可能出现主旨题的答案!但是，这种情况比较少见!所以按照文章的行文顺序，主旨题题目一般只会出现于第一道题。所以通常，不管是conversation还是lecture，主旨题都会出现于首道题目。明确了题目的位置之后，我们来看一下主旨题的分类。

2、主旨题题型分类及典型问法

主旨题分为目的主旨和内容主旨。

目的主旨: 考查对话目的而非内容，即两个说话者的对话目的和教授讲这篇文章的目的。目的主旨一般出现于conversation中。

目的主旨典型问法：Why does the student visit the professor?

Why does the student visit the registrar’s office?

Why did the professor ask to see the student?

Why does the professor explain X?

内容主旨: 要求考生理解讲座或对话的主旨大意。材料有时会明确提出主旨，有时会很含蓄。要求学生对听到的信息进行归纳总结。

内容主旨典型问法：What problem does the man have?

What are the speakers talking about?

What is the main ideaof the lecture?

What aspect of X does the professor mainly discuss?

3、主旨题解题技巧

关于解题技巧大家应该首先注意的是这两种题型与大家词汇量的多少无关。也就是说，词汇量即使很少也不会给这两种题型的解题造成障碍。首先要听准开头;特别是开头句型，之后找出对话目的;如果开头没有把握准，那么要注意全文重复词汇;最后要听准关键词并对实义词(名词、动词、形容词)足够敏感。那么，如何听准开头呢?在conversation和lecture的开头中，有的文章会出现寒暄部分。

比如，在conversation中两个说话者的在开头部分都会出现互相问好的寒暄语：

e.g.1 A : Hey, how is everything going?

B: Well, everything is going fine.

e.g.2 A: Hi, are you Paula?

B: Oh, hi, Jim. Nice to see you!

在这些寒暄之后说话人A说Do you need some tutoring in English? 说话人B说：yes, I am taking English composition and my English is not very good. 这才是文章的真正内容，也就是文章的主旨!所以选项的相应部分选择的是：She needs a tutoring appointment!

在lecture中，有时教授上来不会直接切入正题，而是先会寒暄几句。

例1：有个教授上来先说I am sorry that I didn’t bring your paper, and it took longer to grade than I thought. So I will bring you the paper next class. Today, I want to continue our topic about Renaissance. 所以“I am sorry that I didn’t bring your paper, and it took longer to grade than I thought. So I will bring you the paper next class.”这句话都是在说与文章主旨无关紧要的话。而真正与文章主旨有关的是以today开头的这句话!所以，显而易见，这篇文章的主要内容就是Renaissance(文艺复兴)。

例2：In the last class, we discussed the Jazz music history. But today, I am going to talk about the development of the jazz music. 那么很显然，In the last class, we discussed the Jazz music history.这是上节课讲的内容。在强转折but之后，老师紧接着说I am going to talk about the development of the jazz music. 那么，文章的主旨也就很明确了。

在了解了如何在文章的开头抓主旨以后，我们再来看一下引导文章主旨的信号标志词，以便我们更好地定位选项。

4、主旨题的信号标志词

Lecture引导主旨题信号标志词总结

1)总结口语词后的动词词组：

·today we will talk about...

·today we will discuss...

·today we will look at...

·today we will tell...

2)旧托福：

·today we will spend several minutes in...

·today we will focus on...

·today we will concentrate on...

3)动词时态

·'ve, -ed

·will, be going to

4)介词：

·about

注意点：在第三条中，动词过去式和过去分词后面引导的都是上节课涉及到的内容，所以即使大家听到了discuss这个词也可以放弃这部分内容。而只要听好并把握准today后面要讲的内容即可，也就是be going to/will 后面引导的内容!那么，about就是一个经常引导主要内容的一个介词。这个词很关键，要求听准其后面的宾语是什么!因为这个宾语就是解题的关键。

Conversation 引导主旨题信号标志词总结

1. wonder (e.g. I was wondering,…)

2. think (e.g. I am thinking, I was thinking,….)

3. hope (I was hoping,…)

4. need (Do you need, I need….)

5. figure out, work out, sort out,

conversation的主要内容，一般情况下都是以上的这些词引导的。常用句型已在后面括号中标注出来。请同学们谨记在心。

5、主旨题的选项特征

在选择选项的时候，大家一定要避免选择如下选项：1)范围小-细节进入主旨题(最常见);2)范围大-没锁定主旨;3)不正确选项(即文章中根本没有涉及到的内容)

正确选项特征如下：( 以下是比较典型的主旨题的选项特征)

1)长的名词结构：(技巧：先定位比较of和that前面的词，在原文中找同意替换。之后确定of和that后面的宾语是否符合原文)

a) …of….

b) …that…

e.g. Script

So, I wanted to discuss a few other terms here…actually, some, uh some ideas about how we manage our resources. Let’s talk about what that…what that means. If we take a resource like water…well,

Q: What is the talk mainly about?

A. A common method of managing water supply.

B. The formation of underground water systems.

C. Natural processes that renew water supplies.

D. Maintaining the purity of underground water system.

文章中的这句话“I wanted to discuss a few other terms here…some ideas about”很明确的点出了文章的内容主旨。根据上面的讲解，我们很容易把握discuss和about这两个词!所以，about后面的“how we manage our resources”就是文章的主旨了!所以根据同义替换，我们可以将“how”这个词替换为A选项的method而且of 后面的宾语(managing water supply)也同原文内容(how we manage our resources)一致!正确答案为A.。

2). 以how, what, why开头

篇12：托福听力备考提升辨音能力方法介绍

托福听力的境界有高下之分，刚开始的时候，大家基本都是一个单词一个单词地去听，然后慢慢地可以一个意群一个意群地去听，再后来，可以一个句子一个句子地去听。当然，到了一定境界，你就会忘记你听到的是英语，而进入耳朵的只是一个一个的意思，这就像你听汉语一样，我们从来不去想“我正在听汉语”。这是一种水到渠成的境界。如果你达到了这种境界，那么托福听力立刻就成了极其简单的考试。但是，对于一个跟着中国的中学教育、大学教育，然后考过四六级的人来说，英语听力往往是达不到这种境界的。所以，在准备托福听力的时候，我们首先要做的功课，那就是解决对英语的辨音能力。辨音能力指的是听到一个单词能反应出它的意思，让它成为你的听觉词汇。

篇13：托福听力备考提升辨音能力方法介绍

提升托福听力的辨音能力最有效的两个方法：一是听写，二是精听：

1. 听写

听写指的是将一篇听力录音中的原文全部听抄下来。对于准备托福考试的考生而言，最好的听写材料就是托福听力的各种段子素材。听写能最有效的检验和提高一个人的辨音能力，听写之后对照正确文本，反复再听，直到可以全部听清楚为止，这是听力辨音能力提高最有效的方法之一。

2. 精听

精听指的是一边看着正确的文本一边听录音，听的时候要划出自己不熟悉的单词，在第一遍录音结束后查单词，然后再反复听，直到可以脱稿听为止。精听最适合的材料是SSS(Scientific American’s Sixty-second Science)，因为它非常短，只有一分钟，但信息量很大，更重要的是，它是托福听力出题的重要来源。

托福听力练习对照文本

Well, if there are no more questions, I would like to continue our discussion of human evolution by looking at Homo erectus, the earliest of our ancestors who stood upright.

好，如果没有更多问题的话，我想继续我们人类进化的讨论，通过看看直立人，最早的，我们直立的祖先。

Homo erectus lived about one and a half million years ago and was given that name because, at the time the first fossil was discovered, it represented the first primate to stand upright.

直立人生活在150万年前，之所以得名是因为，在那时第一个化石被发现， 它代表了第一个直立的灵长类动物。

There is evidence now that Homo erectus had sharper mental skills than their predecessors.

现在，有证据(表明)直立人比他们的前辈有着更聪明的心智技能。

They constructed the first standardized tool for hunting and butchering.

他们为狩猎和屠宰制造了第一个标准的工具。

They created an extraordinary stone implement, a large teardrop-shaped hand ax whose design and symmetry reveal a keen sense of aesthetics.

他们创造了一种非同凡响的石器，一个大的泪珠形状的手斧，它的设计和对称性显示了一个敏锐的审美感觉。

This detailing, along with the ax's utilitarian value, strongly suggests that Homo erectus had the ability to conceive of and execute a design to specification.

这个细节设计，同斧子的实用价值一起，强烈暗示了直立人有能力去设想并执行一个设计规范。

In addition, Homo erectus was the first hominid to use fire.

另外，直立人是第一种使用火的原始人类。

This discovery enticed them to cook meat, which they could flavor and keep from spilling by flame, and which paleontologists now believe may have given them a new disease.

这种发现诱使他们去烹肉，这样他们能加味于(肉)并且阻止火焰的散落，而且古生物学者现在相信那(煮肉)带给他们(直立人)一种新的疾病。

Some fossil bones of Homo erectus are grossly deformed, and paleontologists have noted that this condition is similar to that found in people today who have been exposed to chronic overdoses of vitamin A.

一些直立人的骨头化石是非常畸形的，古生物学者已经注意到这种情况同今天发现的长期过量接触维生素A的人是相似的。

Apparently Homo erectus first got this disease by eating large amounts of animal liver.

很显然，直立人最先得这种病是通过食用大量动物肝脏(造成的)

托福听力练习对照文本

Yesterday we talked about the anecdote.

昨天我们谈论过了奇闻轶事。

Today we're going to move on to one of the most popular literary forms in Western literature—the short story.

今天我们将转移到西方文学最重要的文学形式之一——短篇故事(叙事散文)

A short story is a piece of prose fiction, usually under 10,000 words.

叙事散文是一篇散文化小说，通常低于10000字。

Although it's similar to the anecdote, it's really a separate literary form.

虽然它相似于轶事趣闻，它事实上是一种单独的文学形式。

You'll remember that the anecdote's sole purpose is to entertain, and that it does this by relating a curious or interesting event.

你将记住轶事趣闻的唯一目的是娱乐，并且它通过关联好奇的或有趣的事件来做到这一点。

Well, there are also events in short stories, but the short story uses the event as something a character reacts to.

好，在叙事散文里也有事件，但是叙事散文把事件用作角色作出反应的某事物。

The reader's interest is captured by the effect that this event has on the character in the story.

读者的兴趣被抓住是由于这个事件在故事中对角色的影响。

We're even likely to reread a short story to better understand the character who is being portrayed and why a certain event led to a certain response or action.

我们甚至喜欢重读一个叙事散文以更好地了解被描述的角色以及为什么某一个事件导致了某一种反应或行动。

A short story, though, is not just a short novel. A novel is narrative.

一个叙事散文，然而，并不仅仅是一个短篇小说。小说是叙事体的。

It tells a detailed story that usually takes place over a long period of time.

它讲述一个通常发生在一段很长时间的详细的故事。

A short story is less comprehensive than a novel, and the focus is on a character's mental reaction to an experience.

叙事散文是不如小说全面的，并且焦点是在角色对一种经历的心理反应。

This reaction is the heart of the short story.

这种反应是叙事散文的核心。

Now I want you to think back to the short story you read for homework and I'll give you a list of questions to think about.

现在我要你们回想一下你们作为作业阅读的叙事散文，而且我将给你们一个问题列表去思考。

托福听力

篇14：提升托福写作速度的正确方法介绍

提升托福写作速度的正确方法介绍

一、加强基础练习

考生在托福独立写作时之所以会感觉时间不够用，要么是在组织文章结构上有困难，要么就是打字速度慢。考生遇到这种情况，一定要分析自身的原因，寻找解决的办法。

如果是因为不会组织文章结构，那么考生可以认真研究一下近几年的托福写作机经，将机经中的题目一一列出提纲，然后参考范文，对我们的思路进行补充和纠正。之所以研究机经，是因为新托福写作考试独立写作题目经常会出现重复的情况，如果熟悉机经题目，考试中遇到原题就可以节省大量的思考时间。如果是因为打字速度慢导致写不完，那么考生可以在平时找一些英语材料，多练习打字，提高打字速度。

二、加强模考练习

为了避免出现考试答不完的情况，考生在平时就要养成限时练习的习惯，严格要求自己在规定考试时间内完成写作。有些考生习惯了在没有时间压力的情况下进行练习，虽然最后写出的文章思路清晰、内容丰富，但是这种答题方式不利于在考场上发挥出真正水平。如果考生在规定时间内完不成写作，一定要认真分析原因。如果是在思路组织或者打字速度上出了问题，那么就按照以上方法加强基础练习。如果是在内容展开方面出现了问题，那么平时就要注意多积累一些素材和范例，以便在考试中借鉴和引用。总之，考生在考场上要把握好时间，不要因为时间问题而导致失分。

三、积累写作素材

篇15：托福独立写作把握思路经验方法介绍

托福独立写作把握思路经验方法介绍

如何把握好托福独立写作的正确思路?

怎样发展成为一篇逻辑性很强的文章呢?下面为大家介绍一些实战做法。

1.首先应该审题，尤其关注作文题目中的绝对性词汇。

比如：Improving school is most important factor to sucessful development of country. 看到most ，我们自然想到用他因法。

2.其次用20秒的时间，整理脑中所有能用的素材，让这些素材称为支持你段落的骨架，然后开始确定段落的论点。

3.尽量使你的语言句式丰富一些。

形式主语，主动，被动，动名词To do作主语，倒装句，there be，以及强调句等等。特别强调一点，为了使你文章的逻辑清晰可见，要使用逻辑连接词。

4.把握好过渡词的使用，和适当的论述方法完善你的作文，使之成为一个逻辑整体。

论述方法：条件(假设)法，比如：if 我按照论点那样做，就能cause siginificant effects，除了用if，还能有with, when, only through + 方式+倒装等。

把握托福独立写作要点介绍

托福独立作文最重要的因素是什么?当然是论点和论证。一篇好的作文，论点可以提纲挈领，论证可以丰富文章内容。

托福写作由于考试时间的限制，很多英语程度好的学生也会出现一些问题。比如说一个学生对作文的论点言之凿凿，但就是写不出东西，或是写不出令自己满意的句子。所以，上考场前，脑中一定要装一些东西，好的例子，好的句子等。

这里强调论据的重要性，不是忽视逻辑和论点的重要性。相反，只要你能够掌握一些万能的论据，对你谋划全篇的结构，以及段落发展，是有好处的。

论据的准备也可以称为素材，这种素材可以是一个短语，一个人名，或是一个完整的例子。这种例子能够辅佐你的乱点，能够画龙点睛。

新托福独立写作是讲究技巧的，只要把一篇作文的条理理顺，再用自己的语言组织论点和论据，丰富文章的内容，然后再稍加注意一下措辞，那么，拿到高分也不是那么困难了。

综上所述，相信大家可以看出托福考试写作备考把握好新托福独立写作的思路以及展开的重要性，希望上述内容大家能够认真学习有所收获。

托福写作赏析：Food has become easier to prepare

Nowadays, food has become easier to prepare. Has this change improved the way people live? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

范文

The twentieth century has brought with it many advances. With those advances, human lives have changed dramatically. In some ways life is worse, but mostly it is better. Changes in food preparation methods, for example, have improved our lives greatly.

The convenience of preparing food today is amazing. Even stoves have gotten too slow for us. Microwave cooking is much easier. We can press a few buttons and a meal is completely cooked in just a short time. People used to spend hours preparing an oven-cooked meal, and now they can use that time for other, better things. Plus, there are all kinds of portable, prepackaged foods we can buy. Heat them in the office microwave, and lunch at work is quick and easy.

Food preparation today allows for more variety. With refrigerators and freezers, we can preserve a lot of different foods in our homes. Since technology makes cooking so much faster, people are willing to make several dishes for even a small meal. Parents are more likely to let children be picky, now that they can easily heat them up some prepackaged macaroni and cheese on the side. Needless to say, adults living in the same house may have very different eating habits as well. If they don't want to cook a lot of different dishes, it's common now to eat out at restaurants several times a week.

Healthful eating is also easier than ever now. When people cook, they use new fat substitutes and cooking sprays to cut fat and calories. This reduces the risk of heart disease and high cholesterol. Additionally, we can buy fruits and vegetable fresh, frozen or canned. They are easy to prepare, so many of us eat more of those nutritious items daily. A hundred years ago, you couldn't imagine the process of taking some frozen fruit and ice from the freezer, adding some low-fat yogurt from a plastic cup and some juice from a can in the refrigerator, and whipping up a low-fat smoothie in the blender!

Our lifestyle is fast, but people still like good food. What new food preparation technology has given us is more choices. Today, we can prepare food that is more convenient, healthier, and of greater variety than ever before in history.

托福写作范文：Do you support or oppose the factory

A company has announced that it wishes to build a large factory near your community. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this new influence on your community. Do you support or oppose the factory? Explain your position.

范文：

New factories often bring many good things to a community, such as jobs and increased prosperity. However, in my opinion, the benefits of having a factory are outweighed by the risks. That is why I oppose the plan to build a factory near my community.

I believe that this city would be harmed by a large factory. In particular, a factory would destroy the quality of the air and water in town. Factories bring smog and pollution. In the long run, the environment will be hurt and people's health will be affected. Having a factory is not worth that rise.

Of course, more jobs will be created by the factory. Our population will grow. To accommodate more workers, more homes and stores will be needed. Do we really want this much growth, so fast? If our town is going in growth, I would prefer slow growth with good planning. I don't want to see rows of cheaply constructed townhouses. Our quality of life must be considered.

I believe that this growth will change our city too much. I love my hometown because it is a safe, small town. It is also easy to travel here. If we must expand to hold new citizens, the small-town feel will be gone. I mould miss that greatly.

A factory would be helpful in some ways. However, I feel that the dangers are greater than the benefits. I cannot support a plan to build a factory here, and hope that others feel the same way.

篇16：托福写作提升速度全方位备考训练攻略指点

托福写作提升速度全方位备考训练攻略指点

提升托福写作打字速度

其实小编丝毫不怀疑学生对键盘的熟悉程度，因为绝大部分人中文聊天时速度已经超神了。那为什么英文就是打不快呢?答案很简单，大家熟悉的是中文拼音的排列组合，很容易反映出这个声母后面跟着的是哪个韵母，这个韵母后面又该跟哪个声母。而英文就不行，考生对英文单词的陌生感远远超出了自己的想象，所以模考时总能看到他们不停地思考，不停地删除重打，时间也就随之流逝。

小编的建议是，每天半小时，电脑左右两边各一word文档，左边是英文材料，从词汇到句型到段落到篇章，右边是空白文档。先边看边打，再试着把左边遮去，这样反复操练，既提升了速度，又巩固了词句，提升了语感，说不定还能顺便背下几个好的段落。

准备思维模板套路

一个好的模板毫无疑问能够帮助大家节省时间。但小编并不推荐直接背英文模版，然后考试直接往里填单词的做法。这样做的危害实在太大了。首先对考生写作能力提升来说这是一个很不负责任的做法。其次对提分来说更不现实，因为ETS考官甚至包括E-rater(电脑阅卷)都很容易识别出模板举行，而且模版属于别人，与你的写作风格和用词习惯格格不入，这不是简单地填几个单词就能解决的。

小编在这里所指的是一个“思维模版”。你在写作前需要对议论文开头主体结尾段中地每一部分你需要往哪个方向写和想表达什么意图掌握得非常清楚。拿开头为例，大家可以通过时间对比，经历描述，引言，数据，背景，设问等等方式来建立模板。考生不需要全部掌握，因为实际考试只有一个开头，你不需要掌握所有方法，但要用精其中一种。

有的考生会把自己的“思维模板”精确到每句话，如开头第一句话写大背景，第二句话由大背景过度到解题关键词，第三句话让步分析反方理由加列举现象，第四句话引出自己观点。他就会在平时练习中反复训练这种模式，所以考试的时候能保持一个异常清晰地思路，从而节省大量思考徘徊时间。

具备合适的破题切入角度

比较公认的一个观点是，英文写作不好的考生，中文写作也不见得会好。托福独立写作虽然话题简单，却考察着考生较强的问题地解释和分析能力，虽然不需要有多深刻，但一定要具体有道理。为自己的观点想理由成了很多考生头疼的问题，要么是想不出来，要么就是解释的没有逻辑没有条理。从长远看，多阅读和多思考，多参加一些能锻炼思辨能力的活动是非常有效的途径。但如果想短期提升思考速度，就必须掌握一些常见问题的常规思考角度。

大家可以尝试自己归纳一些常见地破题角度，举个例子，一旦碰到“给钱”这个话题，大家可以先分两个大角度：给钱者和被给钱者。给钱者之所以出钱，第一对自身有好处，第二对方值得我给。对自身的好处又可分为两点来讨论，一是实的，二是虚的。如果这个“给钱者”是政府国家，“实”就成了税收、三大产业、就业、基础设施等角度，“虚”就成了形象、面子、精神、美等角度。其他还可以细分，在这就不便多讲。考生只要掌握一种破题方法，自然能够举一反三，迅速想出理由，提高解题速度。

储备充足的写作素材

材料就是文章的内容，这里只说一点，考生一定要有一个自己的材料库，哪怕是编的，平时编好总胜过临场发挥。有人会说我没有例子，小编认为这是不可能的。托福写作题目是有它自身的合理性，它能保证任何一个有过生活学习经历的人都能完整地写出一篇好作文。

在这里大家不要担心自己的事例故事不够新颖不够深刻，托福写作重点考察的是学术环境下的语言交流，而不是阅读量和思想的深刻性。只要你能把观点表达清楚，证明清楚，具体用什么证明根本不重要，合理即可。

托福写作语料库积累：实用课程和兴趣课程

1、Some people think that students should be encouraged to study those fields such as science, technology, engineering and mathematics rather than they have interest in. Do you agree or disagree?有人认为学生们应该学习科技，工程学，数学，而不是他们感兴趣的课程，你是否认同这个观点?

2、It is more important to choose to study a subject that interests you than a subject preparing you better for a job or career. Do you agree or disagree?学习感兴趣的课程比学习有助于就业的课程更加重要，你是否同意这个观点?(

3、Some people think that all university students should study whatever they like. Others believe that they should only be allowed to study subjects that will be useful in the future, such as those related to science and technology. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion. 有人认为学生们应该学习他们感兴趣的科目，有人认为学生们应该学习对于未来有用的课程，讨论两种观点，谈及你的立场。

托福写作范文赏析：

首段：背景介绍 + 争议焦点 + 写作立场

Education is one of the key words of our time, however, people's views differ greatly as to which should be the superior option of academic pursuit, to opt for courses conducing to future career or to focus on subjects that interest them. As I see it, compared with choosing subjects that can help young adults ready themselves for career challenges, to deliberately specialize in one's favorite courses is more commendable.

二段：反驳段：学习感兴趣的课程的利好

Opting for the courses in which one takes considerable interest will enjoy more visible merits. First, one's study motivation can be highly stimulated provided that one can choose subjects exerting a peculiar fascination on him or her. Conversely, people might generate career burnout even if they might get profit-making jobs.

三段：反驳段：学习感兴趣的课程的利好

Also, taking one's favorite subjects can fully tap his or her infinite potentials. Meanwhile, one can fully enjoy the process of learning and career life. Apart from that, it is also a sort of success if one can perfectly combine specialized knowledge with career ambition. Therefore, college students have sound reasons to select the courses that interest them.

四段：让步段：学习实用性课程的利好

Indeed, I have to concede that the acquisition of pragmatic courses might still have some benefits. Sure enough, job-related courses will help one outshine many candidates and successfully secure a decent job. That is why some people feel that education is a kind of investment and competitive courses such as engineering, science and technology can, in most cases, earn high interests. Thereby, what some people are concerned about is whether the course of their choice can lead to a profitable career. After all, career-related subjects can lay a solid foundation for climbing the career ladder.

尾段：亮明观点 + (总结理由)

In closing, I re-affirm my conviction that even though choosing utilitarian subjects is never without merit, university students should still be encouraged to choose their favorite areas of study.

托福写作语料库：词组

1. course = subject n.课程

2. career-oriented course = career-oriented subjects 以就业为导向的课程

3. take considerable interest in … = take keen interest in … 对于……很感兴趣

4. secure a decent job = get a decent career 找到一份体面的工作

托福写作句法语料：

1. conduce to … 有助于……

2. sure enough 的确

3. enjoy more visible merits 有更多的明显的利好

4. to do sth. is more commendable 去做某事更加值得推荐

5. to do sth. deserves more recommendations 去做某事更加值得推荐

托福写作语料库：短语

1. ready themselves for career challenges 使他们为未来的事业挑战做好准备

2. exert a peculiar fascination on sb. 对于某人极其有吸引力

3. might generate career burnout 也许会产生职业倦怠

4. fully tap one's infinite potentials 充分地开发一个人的无限潜能

5. combine specialized knowledge with career ambition 把专业知识和职业梦想结合起来

6. choose utilitarian subjects 选择实用性的课程

7. choose their favorite areas of study 选择他们喜欢的学习领域

8. outshine many candidates 胜过很多的候选人

9. lead to a profitable career 带来一个有利可图的事业

10. can lay a solid foundation for climbing the career ladder 可以为攀登事业的阶梯打下坚实的基础

托福写作模板：自主阅读还是规定阅读

The reading students do on their own is as important as or more important than that assigned by the teachers.

托福写作模板范文参考：

Sure enough, to open a book is always beneficial. Reading, by occupying time so constructively, can make us feel contented, with no time for boredom. Whether reading books arranged by teachers or to enjoy our favorite works has sparkled a debate. I always believe that to read books that really interest us can best stimulate our reading zeal and tap our infinite potentials.

Free reading, as a superior option, has many advantages. It provides relaxation for leisure hours and thus kindles our reading interests. Indeed, interest is the best teacher. To read good books can be a habit-formation only when we find plenty of fun in reading. More precisely, the pleasure of reading lies in reading itself. For example, as a fancier of literature, I used to read a great many literary works. Reading those thought-provoking books stirred my vivid imagination, stimulated my creativity, and deepened my insights into life. On the contrary, I might slacken my efforts at reading and my reading enthusiasm might wither if I was forced to read unfavorite books.

Secondly，students might loose the ability to make independent choice if they only read at the guidance of teachers. By that I mean, it is highly possible that those who only read books recommended by educators will feel at sea once teachers once they lose their exterior incentives. Meanwhile, one man’s meat is another man’s poison. People’s reading tastes differ greatly, some reading assignments designed by teachers, even though are meaty and classic, might fail to arouse every individual’s reading impulses and arouse their sympathies. In this sense, reading might lose its charm.

Indeed, I have to concede that most reading assignment designed or recommended by teachers have withstood the test of instructional experiment. Those reading lists, in most cases, are carefully chosen. Thereby, to do some reading praised by teachers can help students avoid aimless reading and save precious time. What I want to rebut, however, is that students should be encouraged to make their own reading choices，what educators need to do maybe just provide timely guidance and useful suggestions.

In sum, my standpoint is that to inspire students to make free reading choices is one of the best approaches to ignite their reading interests and motivate their reading zeal.

托福写作模板：大学对体育活动和图书馆的投资

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Universities should give the same amount of money to their students' sports activities as they give to their university libraries. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.

托福写作模板范文参考：

I disagree strongly with the idea that the same amount of money should go to university sports activities as to university libraries. Although playing sports is a wonderful way to learn about teamwork, strategy and reaching your goals, it should not be the principal focus of a university education.

Students need the most up-to-date library facilities available to get the best education. Many of those facilities are very expensive to buy and maintain. These include computerized programs and access to Internet research databases that students can use to find information all around the world. If a university is only offering its students resources of a decade ago, it's depriving those students of a tremendous amount of information.

Even the book and magazine budget of universities has gone up tremendously in the last decade. More is being published on every subject, and every university wants to have this information available to its students.

It also costs money for universities to keep their libraries open. Students need to have access to all the libraries research tools as much of the time as possible. Because students are young and can stay up all night studying, many universities are starting to leave their libraries open all night during exam periods. This costs money, because the staff has to be paid extra to be there. It also costs money to run the building (electricity, heat) during that time.

Students at universities are only going to benefit from their education if they can get to all the tools they need to learn. Sports are secondary to the resources that students need from university libraries. For this reason, libraries should always be better funded than sports activities.

篇17：托福口语每日10分钟高效训练技巧介绍

托福口语每日10分钟高效训练技巧介绍

托福口语备考要充分利用零散时间

托福口语的练习，平常我们可能没有过多集中的时间，这就要求我们要充分将零散的时间利用起来。合理有效地安排时间，并最大效率提高成绩。托福口语的练习要多看多说，只有见了面才能认识的句式和表达法(视觉词汇)，激活(activate)和内化(internalize)input。

以10分钟为单位进行录音回放

每次练习的时候，最好用录音把自己练习的这十分钟录下来，并放给自己听，发现自己潜在的问题，例如语音语调、用词念法等等，发现不会表达的词，不用心急着去查，先用自己能想到的单词或语言去描述，在事后再进行查询学习，这是非常凑效的提高自己语言的准确度(即发音+词汇+语法的准确度，accuracy)的方法，因为自己给自己纠错，留意(notice)到了自己的问题，更避免下一次再犯。

口语练习话题从生活中寻找

至于练习的话题，可以从生活中提炼。托福口语的材料有一部分是来源于生活的，考生可以通过对生活的观察，来学习回答各种在考试中会出现的托福口语材料。

10分钟提升口语训练内容多样

十分钟练习提高托福口语的方法也可以是复述一篇TED演讲。托福口语学习花20分钟看一个演讲，可以看中文字幕，再花20分钟看一遍。听的时候顺便做下笔记，然后就着笔记自己思考十分钟，自行总结提炼演讲主旨。还有必不可少的独立题机经，学会渐渐熟悉题目类型、话题内容等，顺水推舟去回答，不要通过刻意背标准答案来强迫自己记住。大家还可以复述新闻，复述电影，复述生活里听到的话，朋友的聊天等等，每天只要10分钟选择其中一种方式进行，日积月累对托福口语能力便会有显著的提高。

托福口语考试的得分要点是什么

1. 中心是否切题：

解释：考察考生所表达的口语内容是否完整、准确地回答了题目的要求。考察重点在于考生是否能够准确理解题意和准确迎合题意两个层次。

2. 意思是否明白：

解释：考察考生所表达的口语内容是否能够被明白地理解，还是表面上很流利，而实际上语义含糊、不知所云。

3. 结构是否严密：

解释：考察考生是否有能力将口语用严密的结构和逻辑表达出来，还是缺乏层次，信马由缰。

4. 表达是否连贯：

解释：考察考生口语的语流是否有停顿，这包括思维停顿和表达停顿两方面的原因或表现。但此标准并未对考生的口语表达速度作硬性的要 求

5. 发音是否清楚：

解释：考察考生的发音是否能够做到纯正、清晰。起码理解起来并不因为口音的问题存在障碍。

6. 语法是否正确：

解释：考察考生是否能够熟练的使用较复杂的句子结构表达思想，同时尽量避免错误。

7. 词汇是否熟练：

解释：考察考生是否可以掌握足够的 英语 (论坛) 词汇进行表达，考察重点在熟练度和准确度两个方面。但此标准并未对考生的用词难度作硬性的要求。

托福口语练习材料之事件篇

1. Describe a celebration, public event or moment that is most impressive to you.Explain why it was memorable to you. Include reasons and examples to support your response.

2. Describe a ceremony or public event that you attended. Explain why it was memorable to you. Include reasons and examples to support your response.

3. Describe a challenging experience you had and how you overcame that challenge.Include reasons and examples to support your response.

4. Describe a disappointing event or experience in your life. Explain why it was memorable to you. Include reasons and examples to support your response.

5. Describe a leisure activity you often do in your spare time. Explain why you often do it. Please include reasons and examples to support your response.

6. Describe a memorable event that you experienced with you families or friends. Explain why it was memorable to you. Include reasons and examples in your response.

7. Describe a memorial you attended. Explain why it was important to you. Include reasons and examples to support your response.

8. Describe a social or political event celebrated in your country. Explain how people in your country celebrate it. Include reasons and examples to support your response.

9. Describe a successful event in your life. Explain how you made it. Include reasons and examples to support your response.

10. Describe the most enjoyable event in your childhood. Explain why it was memorable to you. Include reasons and examples to support your response.

11. Describe an activity you enjoyed most when you were a child. Explain why you enjoyed this activity most. Include reasons and examples to support your response.

12. Describe an experience that you worked well with others. Explain why that experience is important to you. Include reasons and details to support your response.

13. Describe an important experience you had recently. Explain why this experience was important to you. Include reasons and details to support your response.

14. Describe the most enjoyable event that happened in your school. Explain why it was memorable to you. Include reasons and examples in your response.

15. Describe the most surprising event your friends did for you. Explain why it was memorable to you. Include reasons and examples in your response.

16. If you could do one thing for your community, what would you do and why? Include reasons and examples to support your response.

17. What do you do to keep yourself healthy? Explains why it is more important for you?Please include reasons and details in you explanation.

18. What is your favorite way to relax yourself? Explain why you like to use this way to relax yourself. Include reasons and details to support your response.

托福口语练习材料之文化篇

1. Should a city try to preserve its old，historic buildings or destroy them and replace them with modern buildings? Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.

2. Some people think that the government should invest money on art and culture like museums and theaters. Others don’t think so. What is your opinion? Use specific reasons and examples to support your choice.

篇18：托福阅读备考提升综合能力3个训练方向建议

a. 扩展词汇量，可利用抽认卡的帮助。

b. 不要逐字逐句阅读文章，练习如何通过浏览全文而得到对中心思想的基本印象。

c. 加强通过迅速浏览确认要点的能力。

d. 第一次泛读完毕后，应更加认真的重读一遍，并记录下文章的主要观点，主要论点及重要事实。

e. 挑出文中不明含义的单词，联系上下文猜测词义。

f. 挑出所有的代词(he.him.they.them etc)，并指出它们在文中指代什么。

g. 练习推理，根据暗示句猜测作者隐语的能力。

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