浅谈动词不定式作定语
“pk2010”通过精心收集，向本站投稿了7篇浅谈动词不定式作定语，下面小编给大家整理后的浅谈动词不定式作定语，供大家阅读参考。
篇1：浅谈动词不定式作定语
作者：呼振璞
不定式作定语，一般都是作后置定语，修饰前面的名词或代词。
一、不定式与所修饰词之间的关系
1. 主谓关系
被修饰的名词或代词实际上是不定式的逻辑主语。如：
We need someone to help with the work. （someone will help with the work） 我们需要有人来帮忙干这工作。
2. 动宾关系
被修饰的名词或代词是动词不定式的逻辑宾语。如：
I have many letters to write. （to write many letters）我有许多信要写。
3. 同位关系
不定式与所修饰的名词指的是一回事。如：
We have made a plan to learn from Lei Feng. 我们制定了一个向雷锋学习的计划。
4. 状语关系
被修饰的名词实际上表示动词不定式动作的方式、时间等。这些名词多是抽象名词。如：
That's the way to do it. 那样做才对。
I have no time to go there. 我没有时间去那儿。
二、不定式与其所修饰的词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，而该不定式为不及物动词时，其后须加上适当的介词，构成及物动词短语。 如：
I am looking for a room to live in. 我正在找一间屋子住。
I need a piece of paper to write on. 我需要一张写字用的纸。
There is nothing to worry about. 没什么可担心的。
不定式作定语且所修饰的名词是time，place或way时，不定式后的介词一般要省去。如：
He had no money and no place to live.他没有钱也没有地方住。
三、当不定式修饰的名词或代词为不定式动作的承受者时，不定式主动形式与被动形式的含义有所不同。试对比：
There is nothing to do. 无事可做。(有“无聊感”)
There is nothing to be done. 不能做什么了。(即“束手无策”了)
There is nothing to see. 没有东西值得看。
There is nothing to be seen. 什么东西也看不见。
篇2：不定式作定语
不定式作定语
不定式做定语通常要放在被修饰的词后。例如：I have a lot of work to do.
So he made some candles to give light.
篇3：动词不定式作主语
作者：李守锡
有“鬼精灵”之称的动词不定式，用作宾语、宾补时特别多，其次是定语、状语、表语，这些已飨读者了。今天就让不定式头版头条了却这最后一桩心愿。
一、不定式等非谓语形式作主语时，谓语动词一路走来都是单数身份；不少作主语的不定式与动名词在意义上相同。如：
To see is to believe. = Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。
二、口语中，当作主语的不定式过长时，it不惜屈居有名无实的形式主语，常为平衡关系而挺身而出、替主出征，“真主角”反无官一身轻，悠哉断后。如：
To learn a foreign language well is not easy.→ It's not easy to learn a foreign language well. 要把一门外语学好不容易。
To play football is very interesting. → It's very interesting to play football. 踢足球很有趣。
留言提醒：在实际操作中，不定式（短语）还有权“招聘”一个逻辑主语，并由of / for出面“料理”--It's + adj. + for / of sb. + to do sth.，下例中的“for me”即是：
It's hard for me to finish the task in such a short time. 对我而言，要在如此短的时间里完成任务是困难的。
聘of还是for？点击作表语的形容词属性可知：若形容词描述的是人的特征与品行，能修饰人（像kind， nice， good， clever， right， polite， careless等），则“of适宜”；如果形容的是事物的特点或外观等（如easy，hard / difficult， safe， interesting， important，necessary之类），则“for主动上”！下例“正误”可略见一斑：
出席这个会议对你来说很重要。
[误] It's very important of you to attend the meeting.
[正] It's very important for you to attend the meeting.
留言提醒：检验形容词描绘的是不是人的特征与品行、能否修饰人--“sb. be adj.”可助上一臂之力。
三、一个都不能少：还有几种耳熟能详的“不定式作主语”句式。如：
1. It takes / took / will take (sb.) some time to do sth.如：
It takes (us) hours to do our homework every day. 我们每天要花上数小时做家庭作业。
2. It's + n. + to do sth.如：
It's a mistake for us not to help him. 我们不帮他是个错误。
留言提醒：要对不定式否定，暗号照旧--not在不定式前面加！
3. It cost / costs sb. some time / money to do sth. 如：
It cost me ten yuan to buy this bag. 我花了十元钱买这个书包。
四、时代流行风--主语也能由疑问词how / what / when / where / which等携手与不定式“联袂出演”。如：
Where to put the bikes is being discussed. 把自行车放哪儿正在讨论当中。
When and where to have the meeting hasn't been known. 什么时候、什么地方开会还是未知数。
篇4：非谓语动词作定语
【高考走向】
非谓语动词，即不定式、-ing分词和 -ed分词作定语的用法较灵活,是高考重点考查内容之一。
高考对非谓语动词作定语的考查主要包括以下几个方面的内容：
1．不定式作定语；
2．-ing分词作定语；
3．-ed分词作定语。
【典型例题】
1．(北京, 单项填空)The picture _______ on the wall is painted by my nephew.
A. having hung B. hanging C. hangs D. being hung
正确答案：B 根据题干判断，句中需要一个既作定语又表状态的非谓语动词，所以选B。
2．（NMET97，单项填空）The Olympic Games,______in 776 B.C., did not include women
players until 1912.
A. first playing B. to be first played
C. first played D. to be first playing
正确答案：C 此题考查分词作非限制性定语的用法，有被动意义，动作已完成，所以选C。
3．（NMET94，单项填空）The first text books _______ for teaching English as a
foreign language came out in the 16th century.
A. having written B. to be written C. being written D. written
正确答案：D 此题考查分词的限制性定语用法，其他与例2类似，所以选D。
【知识点拨】
1．不定式作定语
① 不定式作定语常用于不定代词或被the first/next/only/last等修饰的名词和其他一些名
词、代词之后。其中，不定式的一般式通常表示一个将来或经常性的动作，完成式则表示
该动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。
例如：She is always the first (one) to come and the last to leave.
② 如果作定语的不定式与被修饰的名词有动宾关系,在不及物动词后通常要加上适当的介词.
例如：Let's first find a room to live in / to put the things in.
We have nothing to worry about.(=There is nothing for us to worry about.)
③ 不定式作定语修饰一个在逻辑上是其宾语名词时,若在句子中能找到该不定式的逻辑主语,
则该不定式多用主动表被动，否则，用被动式。
例如：I have a lot of things to do today. ( I ... do ... things)
Have you got anything to say at the meeting? ( you... say ... anything)
Here is a letter to be taken to Mr. Li.
在there be句型中，有时用主动式或被动式意思不同。
比较：There is nothing to do at present.(=We have nothing to do at present.)
There is nothing to be done at present.(= We can do nothing at present.)
2．-ing分词作定语
① 单个的-ing分词作定语一般前置,说明名词的性质、特征或用途等,-ing短语作定语一般后
置；强调动作的单个-ing分词也常后置。
例如：a sleeping car ( = a car for sleeping )
a sleeping child ( = a child who is sleeping )
the boy standing there ( = the boy who is standing there )
The girl singing is my classmate.
② -ing分词作定语一般要求其动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生或是在说话时该动作正
在进行，否则，要用从句作定语。
例如：Do you know the boy talking ( = who is talking ) to the teacher?
Did you notice the boy sitting ( = who was sitting ) at this desk
yesterday?
The man shaking ( = who is now shaking ) hands with Mr. Li visited our
class yesterday.
比较：误：He is the man visiting our class yesterday.
正：He is the man who visited our class yesterday.
3．-ed分词作定语
-ed分词作定语一般表示一个被动或已完成动作,-ing分词表示一个主动或正在进行的动作,
-ing分词的被动式则表示一个正在被进行的动作。
例如：a developed/developing country
He is a student loved by all the teachers.
The building being built will be the third Teaching Building of our school.
4．像定语从句一样，分词作定语也有非限制性的，其作用相当于一个非限制性定语从句。
例如：The students, wearing their school uniforms, marched into the playground.
The substance, discovered almost by accident,has greatly changed the world.
【知识过关】
1. The computer center,______last year, is very popular among the students. in the
school.
A. open B. opening C. having opened D. opened
2. Most of the artists _______ to the party were from South Africa.
A. invited B. to invite
C. being invited D. had been invited
3. There was a terrible noise _______ the sudden burst of light.
A. followed B. following
C. to be followed D. being followed
4. Do you know the boy_______ under the big tree?
A. layB. lainC. laying D. lying
5. Are you going to attend the meeting _______ tomorrow?
A. to be held B. being held C. will be held D. held
6. I like most of the books _______ in this _______ house.
A. publishing, publishing B. published, published
C. published, publishing D. publishing, published
7. This is one of the questions _______ at the meeting now.
A. to discuss B. to be discussed
C. being discussed D. discussed
8. Would you please give me a piece of paper _______?
A. to write B. to write on C. to write with D. to be written
正确答案：1. D 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. A 6. C 7. C 8. B
篇5：动词ing作定语的例句
3、I don't know the boy swimming in the river.
4、The man lying on the ground is very poor.
5、I want to make friends with the student playing basketball now.
6、The woman sitting on the chair is my teacher.
篇6：英语动词不定式作后置修饰语的若干问题
关于英语动词不定式作后置修饰语的若干问题
英语非限是动词有三种形式：动词不定式(The Infinitive)、分词(The participle)和动名词(The Gerun d)。这三种形式都可以用作名词（或短语）的后置修饰语。作后置修饰语的可以是单一非限定动词，也可以是 “非限定动词＋状语或宾语”构成的非限定动词短语。本文拟结合笔者多年教学实践，并参考R.Quirk等人著的 “A comprehensiveGrammar of the English Language”(Published in U.S.A by LongmanGroup Limited.1985 )的.有关章节（以下简称(CGOEL)，就动词不定式作后置修饰语的若干问题进行探讨。一、动词不定式作限制性后置修饰语
动词不定式作限制性后置修饰语可以有各种不同的时态：
to meet/to have metThe girl to be met/to have been met is my sister.
to be meeting
1.不定式作后置修饰语有时只能用主动语态，有时只能用被动语态。有时能用主动语态也能用被动语态， 意思相同，有时又不同。什么时候可以用主动语态，什么时候可以用被动语态，要根据不同的语境来决定。
作后置修饰语的不定式与被修饰的名词存在动宾关系时（即不定式前的被修饰名词是不定式动作的对象） ，用主动语态或被动语态在语义上没有什么区别，如：
This is a difficult question to answer/to be answered.
He is the man to select/to be selected.
如果较多地考虑做动作的人而较少地考虑动作的本身，用主动语态的不定式显得比较自然，如：
This is the best loading port to choose.for us/for you to choose.that we/you should choose.
但在某些情况下，只有用被动语态的不定式才显得自然，如：
He is the only man/to be killed to kill in the accident.
The book to be found/to find in the room is George's.
有时不定式虽然与被修饰的名词存在动宾关系，但又与句子主语或间接宾语存在主谓关系，这时用主动语 态比较妥当，用被动语态的不定式就显得不自然，如：
to do/to be done.I have got a lot of homework
that I can/must do.
to read/to be read.I've given yor the newspaper
that yor can read.
试比较：
Have you anything to take/to be taken?
anything that you take./anything that will
be taken by me or someone else.
如果作表语的不定式与主语存在动宾关系，这时只能用被动语态不定式。下面句子中的不定式被动语态不 宜改为主动语态：
The exercises are to be done in the class.
trucks are to be turned out next month.
但也有例外。下面句子中作表语的不定式虽然与主语存在动宾关系，但习惯上要用主动语态不定式：
The goods are to sell.
He is to blame.
如果我们要将上述不定式与另一个不定式被动语态进行比较，则可以用被动语态。
The flat is to be sold,not to be let.
He is to be blamed,not to be praised.
但在there be结构的句子中，用主动语态不定式或被动语态不定式在意思上无多少差别。如果我们更多地 考虑做动作的人而较少地考虑动作的本身，就用主动语态不定式，如：
There was no time to lose/to be lost.
There are some books to choose/to be choosen.
2.作为后置修饰语的不定式相对应于一个关系分句。不定式在相对应的关系分句中，关系代词不仅可以是 主语，也可以是宾语。此外，不定式转换成关系分句也可由关系副词（作状语）引导，如：
to meet you作主语：The girl is Mary.
who will meet you
(for you)to ask作宾语：The girl is my sister.
&nbs
p;(whom)you should ask
篇7：高二英语接不定式作宾语的常用动词
afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事
agree to do sth. 同意做某事
arrange to do sth.安排做某事
ask to do sth. 要求做某事
beg to do sth. 请求做某事
care to do sth. 想要做某事
choose to do sth. 决定做某事
decide to do sth. 决定做某事
demand to do sth. 要求做某事
determine to do sth. 决心做某事
expect to do sth. 期待做某事
fear to do sth. 害怕做某事
help to do sth. 帮助做某事
hope to do sth. 希望做某事
learn to do sth. 学习做某事
manage to do sth. 设法做某事
offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事
plan to do sth. 计划做某事
prepare to do sth. 准备做某事
pretend to do sth. 假装做某事
promise to do sth. 答应做某事
refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事
want to do sth. 想要做某事
wish to do sth. 希望做某事
注：有些不及物动词后习惯上也接不定式，不接动名词：
aim to do sth. 打算做某事
fail to do sth. 未能做某事
long to do sth. 渴望做某事
happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事
hesitate to do sth. 犹豫做某事
struggle to do sth. 努力做某事
高二英语取得好成绩的习惯.
1、经常使用英汉双解词典的习惯
高二学生阅读面扩大,需要补充词汇量。学生应备一本英汉词典,如牛津中、高阶英汉双解词典,在学习中随时查阅。这在很大程度上能解决学生的疑惑,帮助理解词的用法,词汇量也就随之不断扩大。
2、良好的朗读背诵习惯
朗读是在课文所提供的语境中对语音、语调、意群、句型等基础知识的综合练习,同时培养纯正的语音语调和好的用语习惯以及为听力打下坚实的基础。对学过的句型、词组、对话、课文进行朗读和背诵,形成流利的语感,也培养了理解能力,为说、读及英语写作打好基础,这是提高英语水平的根本方法。
3、常做到良好的书写习惯
养成书写规范、字迹工整、卷面整洁的习惯也很重要。高中相当一部分学生的字体书写不好,难以辨认,大小写不分,词距若有若无,标点符号乱用,给老师批改作业和试卷造成极大的麻烦。这在高考阅卷评分中会吃大亏,白白丢分。因此,高二学生平时要养成书写规范的习惯,对大小写、标点符号和词距等一定要一丝不苟,力求规范化、整齐美观。
4、常常保持记录纠正错题的习惯
每次练习或考试后,应该把自己做错的具有代表性的题目抄下来,收集汇编,然后把老师对错题讲解后的正确语句熟读牢记,保留错误的答案,用红笔写上正确的答案,眉批上理由分析,这样就形成新的语言习惯。平时和临考前翻看,加深印象,引起注意,大大减少了错误率。既巩固了知识,又提高了应试能力,发挥了最佳的水平。
5、常常练习英语听力的习惯
听英语是对英语词汇,语法,理解能力的一种测试,无论你是听标准的英语听力题,还是英语歌曲,只要你能听明白,理解了,那就说明你对这段听力所含的单词,语法都掌握了,所以要保持听英语的习惯。
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