初中定语从句的课件
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篇1:课件定语从句
关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语 从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1)who, whom, that
这些词代替的先行词是人的`名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
他就是想见你的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.
他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)
2) Whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换), 例如:
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3)which, that
它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,例如:
A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未 有的繁荣。(which / that在句中作主语)
The package which / that you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that 在句中作宾语)
关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。
1)when, where, why
关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于“介词+ which”结构,因此常常和“介词+ which”结构交替使用,例 如:
There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。
Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?
2)that代替关系副词
that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和“介词+ which”引导的定语从 句,在非正式文体中that常被省略(正式文体中不可省略),例如:
His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。
He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十 年前居住过的地方。
判断关系代词与关系副词
方法一: 用关系代词,还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语,就必须要 求用关系代词。例如:
(错) This is the mountain village where I visited last year.
(错) I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.
(对) This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.
(对) I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.
习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。
方法二: 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状),也能正确选择出关系代词/关系 副词.先行词在从句中作主、定、宾语时,应选择关系代词;先行词在从句中作状语时,应选 择关系副词。
例如:(对)Is this the museum which you visited a few days ago?
(对)Is this the museum where the exhibition was held?
篇2:初中定语从句的课件
初中定语从句的课件
一、概念
在句子中起定语作用、修饰句中的名词或代词的从句称为定语从句,被修饰的'名词或代词成为先行词。定语从句由关系代词(which,that,who,whom,whose)或关系副词(when,where,why)引导。
二、例句
1. The flowers which I grew in the garden last month will bloom soon.
2. The man who telephoned me just now is a writer. This is the place where my mother was born.
三、关系代词的选择
1. 充当主语的关系代词 关系代词在限定性定语从句中作主语,who 用于人,which用于物,that既可以指人可以指物。
2. 充当宾语的关系代词 关系代词在限制性定语从句中作谓语动词宾语,who ,whom 用于指人,which用于指物。that 既可以指人,也可以指物。在非正式文体中可省略。The suit(which/that) the tailor suited for me doesn’t fit me.
3. 作介词宾语的关系代词 在限制性和非限制性定语从句中,关系代词作介词宾语,whom 用于指人,which用于指物,不能用that. The man with whom you shook hands just now is head of our department.
四、辨析
常用that 的几种情况
1. 先行词前含形容词最高级、序数词或only作第一文库网修饰语. This is the best film that has ever been made.
2. 先行词前含不定代词,如all ,anything,nothing,little,much等。
That is all (that) I want to say.
3. 先行词为人和物的名词组。
They talked of persons and things that they remembered in the school.
五、关系副词的选择
When 和 where 可以用于限制和非限制性定语从句中,why只能用于限制性定语从句中。它们在从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语,其结构相当于“介词+关系代词”.
1. I still remember the day when/on which we firstmet.
2. The city where /in which I was born is on the newrailway line. This is the reason why/for which he left school.
定语从句 练习题
1. The doctor _______ is leaving for Africa next month.
A. the nurse is talking to him
B whom the nurse is talking
C whom the nurse is talking to
D who the nurse is talking
2. I don’t like such a person ____ often lies before your face.
A .what B. that C. as D. which
3. This is the very boy ____ I have been looking for.
A. which B. what C. who D. whom
4. He talked about the people and things ____interested him greatly during his stay here.
A. which B. that C. who D. they
5.(双选) Carmen likes musicians ____play different kinds of music.
A. who B. whom C that D. which
篇3:初中定语从句复习课件
初中定语从句复习课件
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。
关系代词有:who, whom, whose, that, which等。
关系副词有:when, where, why等。
关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1)who, whom, that
这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中作主语和宾语。例如:
Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)
2) whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换)。例如:
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3)which, that所代替的先行词是事物的`名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如:
A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.
农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。(which / that在句中作宾语)
The package (which / that)you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作宾语)
关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。
1)关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于“介词+ which”结构,因此常常和“介词+ which”结构交替使用。例如:
There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。
Beijing is the place where(in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?
2)that代替关系副词,可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和“介+which”引导的定语从句,在口语中that常被省略。例如:
His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。
He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago.
他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。
判断关系代词与关系副词
方法一: 用关系代词,还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语,就必须要求用关系代词;而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如:
This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 这是我去年呆过的山村。
I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。
判断改错:
(错) This is the mountain village where I visited last year.
(错) I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.
(对) This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.
(对) I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.
习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。
方法二: 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状),也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。
例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age?
A. where B. that C. on which D. the one
例2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.
A. where B. that C. on which D. the one
答案:例1 D,例2 A
例1变为肯定句: This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.
例2变为肯定句: This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.
在句1中,所缺部分为宾语,而where, that, on which都不能起到宾语的作用,只有the one既做了主句的表语,又可做从句的宾语,可以省略关系代词,所以应选D。
而句2中, 主、谓、宾俱全,从句部分为句子的状语表地点,既可用副词where,又因 in the museum词组,可用介词in + which 引导地点状语。而此题中,介词on 用的不对,所以选A。
关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分,先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时,选择关系代词(who, whom, that, which, whose); 先行词在从句中做状语时,应选择关系副词 ( where 地点状语,when 时间状语,why 原因状语) 。
限制性和非限制性定语从句
1) 定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分,去掉它主句意思往往不明确;非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明,去掉了也不会影响主句的意思,它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。例如:
This is the house which we bought last month. 这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。(限制性)
The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.
这幢房子很漂亮,是我们上个月买的。(非限制性)
2) 当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时,其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的。例如:
Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.
查理史密斯去年退休了,他曾经是我的老师。
My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.
我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。
This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 这本小说很动人,我已经读了三遍。
3) 非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。例如:
He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me.
他似乎没抓住我的意思,这使我心烦。
Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液态水变为蒸汽,这就叫做蒸发。
说明:关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。
介词+关系词
1)介词后面的关系词不能省略。
2)that前不能有介词。
3)某些在从句中充当时间,地点或原因状语的“介词+关系词”结构可以同关系副词when 和where 互换。例如:
This is the house in which I lived two years ago. 这是我两年前住过的房子。
This is the house where I lived two years ago.
Do you remember the day on which you joined our club? 还记得你加入我们俱乐部的那一天吗?
Do you remember the day when you joined our club?
18.6 as, which 非限定性定语从句
由as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句,as和which可代整个主句,相当于and this或and that。As一般放在句首,which在句中。例如:
As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health. 如我们所知,吸烟有害健康。
The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us. 太阳使地球暖起来,这对我们人类很重要。
篇4:初中定语从句教学课件
初中定语从句教学课件
一、教学目标
通过本章复习, 使学生明白定语从句的构成和用法。
二、教学重点和难点
限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别;关系代词与关系副词引导定语从句的不同;介词+关系代词引导定语从句;关系代词who, that, which的用法区别。定语从句与同位语从句及其一些句子结构的区别。
三、教学方法
Teacher
1.什么是定语从句?
2.被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。连接先行词与定语从句的引导词叫关系词,其中 which, that, who, whom, whose 这些词叫关系代词,它们在句中用来指人或事物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语,whom 只能作宾语。作宾语时,关系代词可省略。而 when, where, why 这些词是关系副词,他们在句子中用来作状语。(请同学们根据以上所述, 给出一些例句, 用来说明。)
3.以上关系代词在使用时也是有很多区别的。(请同学们看下面的句子, 然后说出使用关系代词 that 的原因。)
A.All that is worth doing should be done well.
B.The only thing that she could do was to ask the police for help.
C.We will never forget the first lesson that our English teacher gave us.
D.What is the smallest thing that can be seen under a microscope?
E.The visitors spoke highly of the children and the performances that they saw.
F.Who is the person that let out the secret?
4.下面讲一下只能用关系代词 which 引导的定语从句。
A.在非限制性定语从句中, 指物时只能用 which 不能用 that。
B.在定语从句中, 介词+关系代词引导定语从句指物时, 只能用 which 不能用 that。
(请同学们给出上面两种情况的例句。)
5.对于“介词+关系代词”引导宾语从句, 如何选介词这个问题, 可归纳为下面几点:
A.根据宾语从句谓语动词的习惯搭配。如:Do you know the man with whom you just shook hands?
(句中的 with 来自习惯搭配 shake hands with)
B.由先行词来决定。如: I'll never forget the day on which I joined the Party.
C.由句子表达的全部意义来确定。如:Water is very important for us without which we can't live.
6.有下面两种情况:
A.先行词 all, any 和 a few 指人时, 如:
Any who breaks the law will be punished.
B.先行词是 this, that, those 或 these 且指人时。
Those who hadn't bought the ticket for the train crowded in the waiting hall.
7.请看下面句子, 然后分析一下:
A.The engineer whose son is in America is very kind.
B.Look at the house whose roof is red.
8.请看下面句子, 然后分析一下:
A.I'll go to any place where people need me.
B.I still remember the day when I joined the army.
C.I don't know the reason why he was late.
9.那么, 表示地点、时间的名词后面都被关系副词引导的定语从句所修饰吗?
10.我们知道 as 也可作为关系代词, 引导定语从句, 包括非限制性定语从句和限制性定语从句, 井且多与 such, the same as 并用。 (请同学们翻译下列的句子。)
A.我们知道, 指南针最早是中国人发明的。
B.这支钢笔和我昨天丢的那支很相似。
C.他们今年生产的钢和去年一样多。
D.我们应该和这样的热心、勤奋的人交朋友。
Students
1.在复合句中,修饰名词或代词的从句称为定语从句被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。连接先行词与定语从句的引导词叫关系词,其中 which, that, who, whom 这些词叫关系代词,它们在句中用来指人或事物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语,whom 只能作宾语。作宾语时,关系代词可省略。
2.A.Here is the pen that you lost yesterday. (that 用来指物, 在从句中作宾语, 可以省略掉, that 也可用 which 代替。)
B.The girl who told me the news is not here now. (who 用来指人, 在从句中作主语, that 可以代替 who 用来指人。)
C.The woman who / whom / that you saw in the park is our English teacher. (whom 只能用来指人, 只能作宾语, 在从句中可以省略。)
3.刚才所说的6个句子的'宾语从句, 关系代词只能用 that 而不能用其他关系代词, 下面逐个分类分析:
A.先行词是 all, much, little, none, the one 或由 no-, any-, every- 构成的复合代词时。
B.先行词被 all, every, some, little, much, the only, the very 等修饰时。
C.先行词是序数词或被序数词限定时。
D.先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。
E.先行词同时包含人和事物时。
F.当主句是 who 或 which 开头的特殊疑问句时, 为避免重复,习惯上多用 that。
4.
A.She heard a terrible noise, which brought her heart into her mouth.
非限制性定语从句与主句用逗号隔开, 非限制性定语从句引导词不用that。
B.The games in which the young men competed were difficult.
介词in也可以放在定语从句谓语动词之后, 关系代词which或that可省略。
5.定语从句中, “介词+关系代词”引导定语从句。关系词前选什么样的介词对我们来说有时束手无策, 希望老师能够归纳出几点巧妙的判断规律。
6.When shall we use the relative pronoun“who”and“whom”?
7.这两句中的定语从句都是由 whose 引导的, 在从句中 whose 只能作定语。
A 句中 whose 修饰人。
B 句中 whose 修饰物, 这个句子相当于:Look at the house the roof of which is red. 或:Look at the house with a red roof.
8.这三个句子中, 所含的定语从句都是由关系副词引导的。
A.where 引导的定语从句修饰一个表地点的名词, where 本身作从句中谓语的地点状语, 这时, where 可由介词 to + which 来替代。
B.when 引导定语从句修饰一个表示时间的名词, when 在从句中作时间状语, when 可用介词 on+which 来替代。
C.why 引导定语从句修饰一个表示原因的名词, why 在从句中作原因状语。why 可用介词 for + which 来替代。
从以上三个句子来看, 关系副词引导定语从句, 一般情况下, 都可用“介词+关系代词”来替换关系副词。
9.不一定。如果表地点或表时间的名词在定语从句中作主语或宾语, 就不能用关系副词引导宾语从句, 而应由相应的关系代词引导。如:
A.Mike is studying in a school that/which was built in 1928.
B.Those days that / which we spent with Mary were wonderful.
10.
A.As is known to all, the compass was first made in China.
B.This is the same pen as I lost yesterday.
C.They have produced as much iron this year as they did last year.
D.We ought to make friends with such people as kind and hard working.
篇5:定语从句初中教学课件
在复合句中,修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句,被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,引导定语从句的有关系代词 who, whom, whose, which, that等和关系副词where, when, why等 ,关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成份。
1.由who引导的定语从句中 ,who用作主语,如 : This is the boy who often helps me.
2.由whom引导的定语从句中,whom用作宾语,如:The man whom you are waiting for has gone home.
3.由whose引导的定语从句中 ,whose用作定语,如 : Do you know the girl whose skirt is white?
4.由which引导的定语从句中,which用作主语或谓语动词的宾语或介词的宾语,如:
The room in which there is a machine is a work shop.
The river which is in front of my house is very clean.
This is the pen which you want.
注意 :
(1)whom, which用作介词宾语时,介词可放在 whom、which之前,也可放在从句原来的位置上;但在含有介词的动词固定词组中,介词只能放在原来的位置上。如: He is the very person whom we must take good care of.
(2)引导非限制性定语从句时,必须用关系代词which,不用that,如:I have lost
my bag, which I like very much.
(3)关系代词在句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须和先行词保持一致。
5.由that引导的定语从句中,that可以指人或物,在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语,但不能放在介词后面作介词宾语,如:
The book that I bought yesterday was written by Lu Xun.
注意在下面几种情况下必须用 that引导定语从句。
(1)先行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等,如 :
All that we have to do is to practise English.
(2)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,如
The first letter that I got from him will be kept.
(3)先行词被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修饰,如
I've eaten up all the food that you gave me.
(4)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时如
He is the only person that I want to talk with.
(5)先行词既有人又有物时,如:
They talked about persons and things that they met.
(6)当句中已有who时,为避免重复,如 : Who is the man that is giving us the
class?
6.由when, where, why引导的`定语从句,如:
I don't know the reason why he was late.
This is the place where we have lived for 5 years.
I'll never forget the day when I met Mr Li for the first time.
注意:先行词是表示地点时,如果从句的谓语动词是及物的,就用 that(which),如果从句的谓语动词是不及物的,就用where引导。This is the house Which /that he has lived in for 15 years.(Where he has lived for 15 year.)
7. 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
(1)限制性定语从句是句中不可缺少的组成部分,主句和从句之间不用逗号分开。引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词有who, whom, whose, which, of which等,这些关系代词都不能省略。
(2)非限制性定语从句是对主句先行词的补充说明,没有这种从句,不影响主句意思的完整,一般用逗号把主句和从句分开,关系代词用 which,不用that;指人时可用who,如 : I have two brothers, who are both students.
8.如何简化定语从句
(1).定语从句简化为形容词或形容词短语作后置定语。如:
My grandfather lives in a village that is far away from here.
→My grandfather lives in a village far away from here.我祖父住在离这儿很远的一个村子。
This is a book that is worth reading.
→This is a book worth reading. 这是一本值得看的书。
(2) 定语从句简化为现在分词或现在分词短语作前置或后置定语。
The man who is standing under the tree is our English teacher.
→The man standing under the tree is our English teacher.
站在树下面的那个人是我们的英语老师。
I saw the house that was burning at that time.→I saw the burning house at that time.
当时我看到那房子在燃烧。
(3)定语从句简化为过去分词短语作后置定语。
I like to see the films which are directed by Zhang Yimou.→I like to see the films directed by Zhang Yimou. 我喜欢看张艺谋导演的电影。
She is the girl who was praised at the school meeting.→She is the girl praised at the school meeting. 她就是在校会上受表彰的那个女孩。
(4)定语从句简化为不定式作后置定语。
He is always the first person that comes to school.→He is always the first person to come to school.他总是第一个到校。
The report which will be given tomorrow is important to us.→The report to be given tomorrow is important to us. 明天要作的报告对我们很重要。
(5)定语从句简化为what 从句。
I couldn't remember the words that he said.→I couldn't remember what he said.
我记不得他说的话。
篇6:定语从句的课件
有关定语从句的课件
定语从句,一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后(先行词)进行修饰限定,就叫做定语从句。
教学目标
(1)语言目标:能用定语从句较自如地描述及谈论人和物。在活动中训练学生的听力,口头表达能力,培养学生的观察,想象和创造力。
(2)情感目标:促进同学间积极合作交流,发展同学间的友谊 。
2.教学方法:多媒体的运用能创设真实的语言情景,学生也很感兴趣,极大地鼓动了学生学习英语的.积极性,而且呈现在课堂上能使教学更生活化,也更直观和具体。
教学方法
以学生为主体,用多媒体辅助教学,通过帮助学生理解、归纳、总结、讨论等方式学习定语从句,由于本节课是学生第一次系统学习定语从句,要达到让学生初步掌握定语从句这一目的。
学法指导、自主学习、合作学习
教学过程
Ⅰ. 定义
定语从句,起形容词的作用,在句中常用来修饰名词或代词。被修饰的词称为先行词,引导定语从句的词称为关系词, 关系词的作用一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起引导作用;二是在意义上代替先行词,并在从句中充当一个成分。其中关系代词:who, whom, whose, which, that, as;关系副词:when, where, why。
eg. She is the girl who sings best of all.
The pen which my uncle gave me is missing.
He lives in a house whose windows face south.
The factory where my father works is in the east of the city.
Perhaps the day will come when people will be able to breathe clean air in cities.
Ⅱ. 关系代词
1.先行词是人,作主语,关系代词用who, that
eg. He is a man( ) never leaves today’s work till tomorrow.
The boy ( ) is standing there is my cousin.
2. 先行词是人,作宾语,关系代词用 whom, who, that,
eg. Here is the man ( ) you’ve been expecting to meet.
The man ( ) you met yesterday is Mr. Smith.
3. 先行词是物,作主语,关系代词用which, that
eg . The train ( ) has just left is for Guangzhou.
Children like to read books ( ) have wonderful pictures.
4. 先行词是物,作宾语,关系代词用which, that,或省略
eg. The book ( ) you borrowed yesterday is really interesting.
The pen ( ) my uncle gave me is missing.
5. 先行词是人、物,作定语,关系代词用whose
eg. He is the professor ( ) name was Jackson.
China, ( ) population is the largest in the world, is developing very fast.
Ⅲ. 关系副词
1.先行词是表示时间的名词,在定从中作时间状语,关系代词用when
eg. I can’t remember the date ( ) he went abroad.
I’ll never forget the day ( ) I joined the army.
2.先行词是表示地点的名词,在定从中作地点状语,关系代词用where; 其中注意表示抽象概念的地点名词,如,situation、stage、degree、point等表示方面或程度时,也需用where
eg. This is the village ( ) Uncle Wang once lived.
They have reached the point ( ) they have to separate with each other.
He’s got himself into a dangerous situation ( ) he is likely to lose control over the plane.
3. 先行词是reason,在定从中作原因状语,关系代词用why
eg. I don’t know the reason ( ) he was late.
None of us know the reason ( ) Tom was absent from the meeting.
4.引导定语从句的关系副词也可以用“适当介词 + which”来代替。
eg. October 1, 1949 was the day when ( = ) the People’s Republic of China was founded.
This is the factory where(= ) we worked a year ago.
I don’t believe the reason why (= ) he was late for school.
Ⅳ. 关系代词that & which的区别:
⒈ 只用that的情况
① 先行词为all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much等不定代词时。
eg. There is nothing ( ) can prevent him from doing it.
② 先行词被any, only, few, no, very, little 等修饰时。
eg. This is the very book ( ) I’m looking for.
③ 先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。
eg. The first place ( ) they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill.
This is the best film ( ) I have ever seen.
④ 先行词既有人又有物时。
eg. He talked about things and persons ( ) they remembered in the school.
⑤ 先行词被the only, the very修饰时。
eg. Mr. Smith is the only foreigner ( ) he knows.
⑥ 句中已有who或which,为了避免重复时。
eg. Who is the man ( ) is standing beside Tom?
⒉ 不能用 that的情况:
① 引导非限制性定语从句;
eg. He had failed in the maths exam , ( ) made his father very angry.
② 介词 + 关系代词。
eg. This is the room in( ) my father lived last year.
Ⅴ. as引导定语从句时的用法(as 相当于that & which)
① as引导限制性定语从句通常用于the same … as, such … as结构中。
eg. This is the same book ( ) I lent you.
Such machines ( ) are used in our workshop are made in China.
② as引导非限制性定语从句既可放在主句之前,也可放在主句之后,位置灵活,用来修饰整个句子。通常用下列句型:as is known to all, as is said, as is reported, as is announced, as we all know, as I expect 等。
eg. ( ) I expected, he got the first place again in this mid-term examination.
Taiwan, ( ) we all know, belongs to China.
Ⅵ. 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的主要区别:
限制性定语从句: 一般紧跟在先行词后面,不用逗号把从句与先行词分隔开来。使先行词的意思十分明确,成为特定的人或物,是句子中不可缺少的成分,少了它句子就会失去意义不能成立,或意思不清楚,不能说明问题。通常译为定语。
非限制性定语从句: 通常由逗号与句子其他成分隔开。只是对先行词作进一步的说明,没有它句子仍能成立,意思仍很清楚。通常译为并列的句子。
eg. I was the only person in our office ( ) was invited.(去掉定语从句,意思就不完整)
Tom’s father, ( ) is over sixty, still works hard day and night.(整个句子可分成两句来翻译)
Ⅶ. 分隔定语从句
即先行词与关系代词、副词之间被介词短语,同位语,谓语等分隔开来。
此种定语从句,在选择关系词时,要注意找准先行词。
eg. There is an expression in his eyes ( )I can’t understand.
I was the only person in my office ( ) was invited to the important ball.
I suggest you choose someone I think ( ) is very kind and friendly.
课后反思:
提倡任务型教学活动,是为了让学生们在教师的指导下,通过感知,体验,实践,参与合作等方式,力求最大限度地把语言能力的培养落实到教学过程的每一个环节,逐步实现预定的任务目标并感受成功。我在这堂课的设计里要求自己新颖别致,突出故事的完整性,要有一气呵成的感觉,重点落实,定语从句自始至终贯穿每个环节,活而不乱,生动有趣,贴近生活,气氛活跃。能发挥学生们的主体互动性和能动性,在完成任务的过程中能积极参与。课后感觉任务型教学有所体现,学生们积极性高,参与面广,训练量较大,能初步运用定语从句。
但在教学过程中,我意识到:有个别学生基础太差,虽在课堂中他们也积极参与,但有时很盲目,甚至不知道老师和同学们在进行什么内容,从他们的目光和神态中,我了解到他们对知识的渴求,我暗自告诉自己,一定要帮助他们,这很难,但一定要坚持,决不放弃。
篇7:高三定语从句课件
定语从句又称为形容词性从句,引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词:who, whom, that, which, as, whose等和关系副词when, where, why等,关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语,表语,定语等;关系副词则在从句中充当状语。定语从句可分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句,关键是看有无逗号把先行词与定语从句分开。若有,是非限定性定语从句,此时关系词不能省略;若无,则是限定性定语从句。综观历年高考试题,我们可以发现该语法项目是测试中的热点与难点。为了便于同学们复习该语法点时有所侧重,本文拟就其考点作以归纳。
一、考查几组关系词异同
1. 考查先行词是物时,关系代词which, that充当主语或宾语异同:在限定性定语从句中充当主语、宾语关系代词which, that一般可以互换,关系代词作宾语时还可以省略。(1)which用于下列情况:( I )如果引导的是非限定性定语从句; (II)关系代词充当介词的宾语,且介词位于关系代词之前; (III)先行词本身是that等。(2)that用于下列情况:( I ) 先行词是all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much等不定代词;(II)先行词被all, any, every, no, little, much, some等词修饰;(III)先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身是序数词;(IV)先行词被the only, the very(正是、恰是),the last修饰;(V)先行词中既有人也有物;(VI)在which或who的特殊疑问句中含有定语从句等。另外需要注意:先行词是the way,并在定语从句充当状语时,关系代词用that或省略,若用which,其前加介词in。
[典型考题]
①(09江西)The house I grew up ________ has been taken down and replaced by an office building.
A. in it B. in C. in that D. in which
②(浙江)Chan’s restaurant on Baker Street, ______ used to be poorly run, is now a successful business.
A. that B. which C. who D. where
③(04湖北) What surprised me was not what he said but ______he said it.
A.the way B.in the way that C.in the way D.the way which
④(10全国Ⅱ)I refuse to accept the blame for something ________was someone else’s fault.
A. who B. that C. as D. what
解析:①B。该题考查的是定语从句中关系代词前的介词位于谓语动词之后,关系代词可以省略,定语从句补充完整为:(which/that) I grew up in,修饰先行词the house。若选择D项,应该用in which I grew up ②B。先行词Chan’s restaurant在非限制性定语从句充当used to be poorly run的主语,故用which。③A。在not…but…结构中,前后应一致,因but之前是名词性从句,故其后也应该是名词性从句或与之相对的名词等,又因the way在该定语从句充当方式状语,所以关系词用that, in which或省略,故选the way。④B。不定代词something在定语从句作主语,用that引导。
2. 考查先行词是人,关系代词who,whom,that充当主语或宾语异同:在限定性定语从句中充当主语一般用who,that;充当宾语时三者可以互换或关系代词还可以省略。下列情况用who或whom:( I )在非限定性定语从句中,先行词是人,并在从句中充当主语,关系代词用who,充当宾语,用whom或who(口语中),(II)先行词是人,介词后的宾语,只能用whom等。
[典型考题]
①(06北京)Women _____ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those ______ don’t.
A. who ; 不填 B. 不填 ; who C. who ; who D. 不填; 不填
②(10浙江)The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of left their village homes for a better life in the city.
A.whom B.which C.them D.those
解析:①C。两处都是考查定语从句,并且都是关系代词充当主语,第一个空格前的women是其后的定语从句的先行词,并在从句中充当主语,第二个空格前的those指代的是women,是其后的定语从句的先行词,并在从句中充当主语,故前后两空都用who。②A。在非限定性定语从句中表示人的先行词 “1,000 people”充当介词of的宾语,故用whom。
3. 先行词是人时,关系代词which与who/whom在定语从句的区别:关系代词which引导定语从句,并在从句中作表语或补足语时,其先行词可以是表示人的职业、身份、性格、才能等,但这里的人不是指具体的人;而who在定语从句中作主语、宾语(口语),whom在定语从句中只作宾语,who或whom代的先行词是具体的人的名词或代词。
[典型考题]
①(05湖北)Her sister has become a lawyer, ______she wanted to be.
A.who B.that C.what D.which
②(07北京)We shouldn’t spend our money testing so many people, most of _____are healthy.
A. that B. which C. what D. whom
解析:①D。此处的lawyer从表面看指的是人,但实际上是人的职业,并在非限制性定语从句充当be动词的表语。故用which。②D。先行词people在非限制性定语从句充当介词of的宾语,故用whom。
4. 关系代词whose与which在定语从句作定语的区别:在“(介词)+关系代词+名词”中,关系代词作定语,一般多用whose(即指人,也指物);但若名词是case, point, reason, fact, situation, time等抽象名词用来总结整个主句的情况或句子的部分内容时,作定语的关系代词用which,结构常见于“介词+关系代词+名词”。另外需要注意:物作定语时,whose+名词=the +名词+of+which 或of+which +the+名词。
[典型考题]
①(05重庆)Mark was a student at this University from to , he studied very hard and was made chairman of the students’ Union.
A. during which time B. for which time
C. during whose time D. by that time
②(10山东)That’s the new machine ______ parts are too small to be seen.
A. that B. which C. whose D. What
③(08陕西)The man pulled out a gold watch, were made of small diamonds.
A. the hands of whom B. whom the hands of
C. which the hands of D. the hands of which
解析:① A。此题考查在定语从句中during which time表示“在1999至2003期间”。② C。空格处所选的词应该是引导定语从句并且在从句中作parts的定语,所以使用whose。whose parts=the parts of which或of which the parts。③D。先行词watch与定语从句中the hands构成从属关系,故结构为:the hands of which或of which the hands或whose hands。
5. 考查关系代词which与as引导非限定性定语从句的异同。两者都可并指代主句中的一部分或整个句子的内容,在从句中做主语、宾语等,位于主句之后。(1)下列情况多用which: ( I )在非限制性定语从句作主语时谓语动词是连系动词之外的行为动词;(II)非限制性定语从句用以对主句的意义进行补充,前后不一致,出乎意料的;(III)非限定性定语从句的关系代词紧跟在介词后面充当介词的宾语等。(2)下列情况用as: ( I )在主句之前或插入主句之中用as;(II)表“如同……那样,按照,正如”含义,这里的as主要起与上下文联系的作用,表达说话人的看法,并指出内容、出处和根据等,常用的结构有as we know(众所周知),as often happens (正如常发生的那样), as is often the case(情况常常如此),as is+announced/expected/known/imagined/mentioned/said/shown/reported (正如所……)等。
[典型考题]
①(10四川)After graduating from college,I took some time off to go travelling, turned out to be a wise decision.
A.that B.which C.when D.where
②(06江苏)The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running, _______ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds.
A. who B. that C. as D. which
③(04江苏) ______ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.
A. Which B. When C. What D. As
④(00北京春招) The result of the experiment was very good, ______ we hadn't expected.
A. when B. that C. which D. what
解析:①B。此处应为which引导的非限制性定语从句,which代替前面整个句子。②D。从句中的谓语动词meant是非连系动词的行为动词,故用which。③D。关系代词在非限制性定语从句指代后面一个句子,且在此从句中充当主语,故用As。④C。关系代词在非限制性定语从句指代前面一个句子,并在从句充当宾语,由从句可知,前面一件事是出人意料,并作expected的宾语,故用which。
6. 考查关系代词与关系副词where,when,why的区别及关系副词相互之间的`区别:(1)可以用关系副词where代替in which/on which/to which等表示地点的状语,常见表地点的名词既有“具体”的(如:place,school,family等)也有“抽象”的(如:point,situation,career,activity,job,stage,scene等)。(2)可以用关系副词when代替on which/in which/at which/during which等表示时间的状语,常见表时间的名词既有“具体”的(如:days,time等)也有“抽象”的(如:stay,occasion等)。(3)可以用关系副词why代替for which表示原因的状语(非限定性定语从句常用for which),此时其先行词常是reason。但需要注意的是:若表示时间、地点或原因的先行词在从句中充当主语或宾语时,只能用关系代词which,that或关系代词的省略形式(作宾语)。
[典型考题]
①(10福建)Stephen Hawking believes that earth is unlikely to be the only planet life has developed gradually.
A. that B. whereC. whichD. whose
②(09四川)She’ll never forget her stay there ________ she found her son who had gone missing two years before.
A. that B. which C. where D. when
③(02上海春招)Is this the reason __ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?
A. he explained B. what he explained
C. how he explained D. why he explained
解析:①B。先行词planet在从句中做地点状语,用关系副词where或in which。②D。her stay为先行词,可以理解为抽象的一段时间(她呆在那里期间),when指代her stay在定语从句中做时间状语。③A。先行词虽然是reason,但在从句中充当explained的宾语,而非在从句中充当原因状语,故用he explained,省略了作宾语的关系代词。
二、考查定语从句中的“介词+关系代词”结构
1、考查该结构中关系代词的选用。若介词放在关系代词之前,关系代词指人时常用whom,指物时常用which。
[典型考题]
①(09海南)She brought with her three friends, none of I had ever met before.
A. them B. who C. whom D. these
②(10江苏)The newly built café, the walls of_______ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, specially after hard work.
A. that B. it C. what D. which
解析:①C。在定语从句中代替先行词friends作介词of的宾语。故用关系代词whom。②D。在定语从句中先行词the newly built café作介词of的宾语。故用关系代词whom。
2、考查该结构中介词的选用。
(1)一般来说,确定关系代词前的介词,可以从以下三方面入手:先行词的意义;从句中的动词固定搭配;句子的意思。
[典型考题]
①( 08上海)We went through a period communications were very difficult in the rural areas.
A.which B.whose C.in which D.with which
②(10山东) Wind power is an ancient source of energy we may return in the near future.
A. on which B. by which C. to which D. from which
③( 06陕西)She was educated at Beijing University, she went on to have her advanced study abroad.
A. after which B. from which C. from that D. after that
解析:①C。把从句补充完整:communications were very difficult in the rural areas in/during the period,可以判断出此处用介词in。此句中介词的选用取决于先行词period。②C。把从句补充完整: we may return to an ancient source of energy in the near future,可以判断出此处用介词to。此句中介词的选用取决于从句中的动词固定搭配return to sth.。③A。主句与定语从句是先后关系,故用after which。。此句中介词的选用取决于句子的意义
(2)表示“整体和部分关系”、“同位关系”或“所属关系”,介词常用of。常见结构:(I)在some, any, few, little, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each等代词或数词的前后可以用of which/whom。(II)the +比较级或最高级前后用of which/whom等。
[典型考题]
①( 05全国I)I have many friends, some are businessmen.
A. of them B. from which C. who of D. of whom
②(04湖北)There are two buildings , stands nearly a hundred feet high .
A.the larger B.the larger of them
C.the larger one that D.the larger of which
解析:① D。先行词friends在定语从句中与some构成所属关系,故用some of whom或of whom some。②D。先行词buildings在定语从句中与比较级the larger构成所属关系,故用the larger of which或of which the larger。
三、考查定语从句的特殊结构
1.考查关于定语从句的分隔结构。命题者主要通过定语从句的分隔考查动词形式的选择和通过先行词的定位,确定定语从句的关系词及介词+关系词的选用。考查动词形式的选择主要表现在以下几方面:定语从句对主谓结构的分隔时的主句谓语动词选择;定语从句对从句中宾补结构的分隔时的非谓语动词;定语从句对主句定语、状语的分隔时的非谓语动词;定语从句对一些固定句式的分隔时的非谓语动词。
①(10上海)Thai is the only way we can imagine the overuse of water in students' bathrooms.
A. reducing B. to reduce C. reduced D. reduce
②(00全国)The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see_____the next year.
A. carry out B. carrying out C. carried out D. carry out
③(10江西)The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister_____ she would stay for an hour.
A. where B. who C. which D. what
④(05山东)The country life he was used to ____ greatly since 1992.
A. change B. has changed C. changing D. have changed
⑤(07辽宁)You can’t imagine what difficulty we had ____ home in the snowstorm.
A. walked B. walk C. to walk D. walking
解析:①B。此处应该用不定式。the only way to do sth表示“做……的唯一途径”。作定语的不定式被定语从句we can imagine与被修饰词分开了。解答此类题应把定语从句去掉。②C。先行词the plan作see的宾语,此处的see后是复合结构,carry out充当the plan的补足语,并与其构成被动,故用carried out。解答此类题应把先行词还原到定语从句中去。③A。先行词为centre, she would stay for an hour作定语,与其先行词被介词短语隔开了,该从句不缺宾语或主语,故先行词在从句中作地点状语,故用where。为了保持句子平衡,定语从句与先行词往往被介词短语、副词或谓语等分开,解答此类题,关键找准先行词。④B。这里的he was used to是省略了关系代词的定语从句,change充当主句的谓语动词,因与since连用的主句常用现在完成时,同时主语是life,故用has changed。解答此类题应把定语从句去掉。⑤D。结合题意和词义,我们可以断定句中的we had是定语从句,修饰其前的difficulty,很显然,此题考查固定句式have difficulty (in)doing sth.。解答此类题应把先行词还原到定语从句中去看是否是固定句式。
2. 考查带有插入语的定语从句的关系词的选用。做此类题中时,把关系词后的插入语(如:I believe,Ithink,I expect等)去掉进行判断。
[典型考题]
①(05福建)—Is that the small town you often refer to?
—Right, just the one you know I used to work for years.
A.that B.which C.where D.what
解析:①C。you know是插入语,在解题时可以省略,可以看出the one指代the small town在定语从句中作地点状语,故用where
3. 考查省略式定语从句。主从句主语相同时,有时可以省略一些成分,变成“介词+引导词+不定式”的形式。
[典型考题]
①(05湖南)Frank's dream was to have his own shop ____ to produce the workings of his own hands.
A. that B. in which C. by which D. how
解析:①B。题中的先行词是shop,在定语从句中作地点状语,即to produce the workings of his own hands in the shop=he can produce the workings of his own hands in the shop,故用in which,相当于where。
篇8:定语从句优质课件
定语从句优质课件
一. 定语从句的概念
在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
二. 引导定语从句的关系词
引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that, which, who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包括where, when, why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
三. 定语从句的分类
根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去。非限制性定语从句与主句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。
四. 关系代词的用法
1. that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如:
Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.
玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。(that作主语)
The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.
我放在桌子上的`那件外套是蓝色的。(that作宾语)
2.which用于指物,在句中作主语、宾语或表语。作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如:
The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.
位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。(作主语)
The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful.
我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。(作宾语)
3.who, whom用于指人,who 用作主语,whom用作宾语。在口语中,有时可用who代替whom。who和whom作宾语时也可省略。例如:
The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.
经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。(作主语)
Who is the teacher (whom) Li Ming is talking to?
正在与李明谈话的老师是谁?(作宾语)
注意:
(1)当定语从句中含有介词,介词放在句末时,who,whom,that, which可省略,但介词在关系代词前时,只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如:
This is the house in which we lived last year.
这是我们去年居住的房子。
Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。
(2)含有介词的固定动词词组中,介词不可前置,只能放在原来的位置上。例如:
This is the person whom you are looking for.
这就是你要找的那个人。
(3)that 作介词的宾语时,介词不能放它的前面,只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如:
The city that she lives in is very far away.
她居住的城市非常远。
(4)关系词只能用that的情况:
a. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:
He was the first person that passed the exam.
他是第一个通过考试的人。
b. 被修饰的先行词为all, any, much, many, everything, anything, none, the one等不定代词指物时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:
Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop?
你在商店里有什么东西要买吗?
c. 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last, little, few 等词修饰时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:
This is the same bike that I lost.
这就是我丢的那辆自行车。
d. 先行词里同时含有人或物时,只能用that, 而不用which.例如:
I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.
我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。
e. 以who或which引导的特殊疑问句,为避免重复,只能用that.例如:
Who is the girl that is crying?
正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁?
f. 主句是there be 结构,修饰主语的定语从句用that,而不用which,例如:
There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom.
桌子上那本书是汤姆的。
(5)关系词只能用which,而不用that 的情况:
a.先行词为that, those时,用which, 而不用that.例如:
What’s that which is under the desk?
在桌子底下的那些东西是什么?
b. 关系代词前有介词时,which,而不用that.例如:
This is the room in which he lives.
这是他居住的房间。
c. 引导非限制性定语从句,先行词指事物时,用which, 而不用that,例如:
Tom came back, which made us happy.
汤姆回来了,这使我们很高兴。
五. 关系副词的用法
1. when指时间,其先行词表示时间,when在定语从句中作时间状语。例如:
This was the time when he arrived.
这是他到达的时间。
2. where指地点,其先行词表示地点,where在定语从句中作地点状语。例如:
This is place where he works.
这是他工作的地点。
3. why 指原因,其先行词是原因,why在定语从句中做原因状语。例如:
Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school.
没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。
篇9:定语从句复习课件
一、把下列每对句子合并成含有定语从句的主从复合句:
1. The fan is on the desk. You want it.
2. The man is in the next room. He brought our textbooks here yesterday.
3. The magazine is mine. He has taken it away.
4. The students will not pass the exam . They don’t study hard.
5. The woman is our geography teacher. You saw her in the park.
6. The letter is from my sister. I received it yesterday.
7. The play was wonderful. We saw it last night.
8. The train was late. It was going to Nanning.
9. The boy is my brother. He was here a minute ago.
10. The tree is quite tall. He is climbing it.
11. Here is the girl. Her brother works in this shop.
12. That’s the child. We were looking at his drawing just now.
13. This is the boy. His sister is a famous singer.
14. I want to talk to the boys. Their homework haven’t been handed in.
15. Is that the woman? Her daughter is in my class.
16. He used to live in a big house. In front of it grew many banana trees.
17. They passed a factory. At the back of the factory there were rice fields.
18. The soldier ran to the building. On the top of it flew a flag.
19. In the evening they arrived at a hill. At the foot of the hill there was a temple.
20. She came into a big room. In the middle of it stood a large table.
二、根据句子意思,在第一个空白处填入介词,在第二个填入关系代词whom或which:
1. The person ________ ________ I spoke just now is the manager that I told you about.
2. The pencil ________ ________ he was writing broke.
3. Wu Dong, ________ ________ I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much.
4. The two things ________ ________ Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms of English.
5. Her bag, ________ ________ she put all her books, has not been found.
6. The stories about the Long March, ________ ________ this is one example, are well written.
三、选择填空:
1. The man ____ visited our school yesterday is from London.
A. who B. which C. whom D. when
2. The woman ____ is talking to my mother is a friend of hers.
A. whose B. who C. whom D. which
3. Because of my poor memory, all ____ you told me has been forgotten.
A. that B. which C. what D. as
4. Do you remember those days ____ we spent along the seashore very happily?
A. when B. where C. which D. who
5. Tom did not take away the camera because it was just the same camera ____ he lost last week.
A. which B. that C. whom D. as
6. Those ____ want to go please sign their names here.
A. whom B. which C. who D. when
7. Where is the man ____ I met this morning?
A. when B. where C. which D. who
8. Who is the woman ____ is sweeping the floor over there?
A. who B. / C. that D. when
9. The man ____ you talked just now is a worker.
A. who B. whom C. to whom D. to who
10. The man ____ you are going to make friends is my father’s neighbour.
A. with whom B. when C. to whom D. which
11. The doctor ____ is leaving for Africa next month.
A. the nurse is talking to him B. whom the nurse is talking
C. the nurse is talking to D. who the nurse is talking
12. The man ____ around our school is from America.
A. which you showed B. you showed him C. you showed D. where you showed
13. He talked about a hero ____ no one had ever heard.
A. of whom B. from whom C. about that D. who
14. In fact the Swede did not understand the three questions ____ were asked in French.
A. where B. who C. in which D. which
15. Have you read the book ____ I lent to you?
A. that B. whom C. when D. whose
16. Finally, the thief handed over everything ____ he had stolen to the police.
A. that B. which C. whatever D. all
17. The foreign guests, ____ were government officials, were warmly welcomed at the airport.
A. most of them B. most of that C. most of whom D. most of those
18. This is the very letter ____came last night.
A. who B. which C. that D. as
19. I know only a little about this matter; you may ask ____ knows better than I.
A. whoever B. whomever C. anyone D. the one
20. This is the school ____ we visited three days ago.
A. where B. / C. when D. what
21. This is the factory ____ we worked a year ago.
A. where B. that C. which D. on which
22. Nearby were two canoes ____ they had come to the island.
A. which B. in which C. that D. /
23. Jack is pleased with ____ you have given him and all ____ you have told him.
A. that, what B. what, that C. which, what D. that, which
24. Do you work near the building ____ colour is yellow?
A. that B. which C. its D. whose
25. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ____ she could turn for help.
A. whom B. who C. to whom D. form whom
26. Is this school ____ we visited three years ago?
A. the one B. which C. that D. where
27. Is this the school ____ we visited three years ago?
A. the one B. where C. in which D. /
28, How many students are there in your class ____ homes are in the country?
A. whose B. who C. whom D. which
29. Alice received an invitation from her boss, ____ came as a surprise.
A. it B. which C. that D. he
30. The train was crowded and I had to get into a carriage ____ already seven other people.
A. when there were B. which there were C. that there were D. where there were
31. I live in the house ____ windows face south.
A. which B. whose C. where D. in that
32. ---- What game is popular with them? ---- The ____ most is tennis.
A. game they like it B. game they like C. best game they like D. best game they like it
33. They stayed with me three weeks, ____ they drank all the wine I had.
A. which B. which time C. during which time D. during which
34. The room ____ Mr White lives is not very large.
A. that B. which C. where D. when
35. Don’t forget the day ____ you were received into the Youth League.
A. when B. that C. at which D. where
36. I’ve finished writing the novel, ____ is to be published next month.
A. that B. what C. which D. when
37. He returned home safe and sound after a fierce battle, ____ was unexpected.
A. which B. as C. that D. it
38. ____ we is known to all, English is not very difficult to learn.
A. What B. As C. That D. Which
39. The old man had three sons, all of ____ died during World War Ⅱ.
A. whose B. that C. whom D. who
40. I have bought two pens, ____ write well.
A. none of which B. neither of which C. both of which D. all of which
41. Do you know the reason ____ she has changed her mind?
A. why B. which C. for that D. of which
42. He failed in the exam, ____ proves that he wasn’t working hard enough.
A. which B. what C. it D. that
43. During the week ____ he tried to collect materials for his article.
A. following B. followed C. to follow D. that followed
44. ____ was expected, he succeeded in the exam.
A. It B. Which C. As D. That
45. He studied hard and later became a well-known writer, ____ his father expected.
A. that was what B. what was that C. and which was D. which was what
46. We should read such books ____ will make us better and wiser.
A. when B. as C. whose D. what
47. You must show my wife the same respect ____ you show me.
A. when B. as C. whose D. what
48. He is absent ____ is often the case.
A. what B. which C. who D. as
49. It is the first time ____ I have come to your city.
A. that B. which C. what D. when
50. Who ____ has the same idea as it will do it in this way.
A. who B. that C. whom D. which
51. I shall never forget those years ____ I lived in the country with the farmers, ____ has a great effect on my life.
A. that, which B. when, which C. which, that D. when, who
52. This is the only book ____ I can find.
A. that B. which C. it D. with which
53. I don’t like ____ you speak to her.
A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which
54. That is one of those books that ____ worth reading.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
55. This is the only one of the students whose handwriting ____ the best.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
56. There was ____ to prevent the accident.
A. something could do B. anything we could do
C. nothing we couldn’t do D. nothing we could do
参考答案
一、1. The fan that you want is on the desk. 2. The man who brought our textbooks here yesterday is in next room. 3. The magazine which he has taken away is mine. 4. The students who don’t study hard will not pass the exam. 5. The woman you saw in the park is our geography teacher. 6. The letter I received yesterday is from my sister. 7. The play that we saw last night was wonderful. 8. The train which was going to Nanning was late. 9. The boy who was here a minute ago is my brother. 10. The tree he is climbing is quite tall. 11. Here is the girl whose brother works in this shop. 12. That’s the child whose drawing we were looking at just now. 13. This is the boy whose sister is a favous singer. 14. I want to talk to the boy whose homework hasn’t been handed in. 15. Is that the woman whose daughter is in my class? 16. He used to live in a big house, in front of which grew many banana trees. 17. They passed a factory, at the back of which there were rice fields. 18. The soldier ran to the building, on the top of which flew a flag. 19. In the evening they arrived at a hill, at the foot of which there was a temple. 20. She came into a big room, in the middle of which stood a large table.
二、1. to whom; 2. wiht which; 3. with whom; 4. about which; 5. in which; 6. of which
三、1~5 ABACD 6~10 CDCCA 11~15 CCADA 16~20 ACCAB 21~25 ABBDC
26~30 ADABD 31~35 BBDCA 36~40 CABCC 41~45 AADCD 46~50 BBDAB
篇10:定语从句教学课件
定语从句教学课件
英语教学:定语从句
一、课堂导入
教师读句子,让学生听并复述
1. she is the girl who has blue eyes.
2. I love this English teacher whose eyes are blue.
3. A telephone is an invention which can help people talk to friends, share photos, ideas and feeling freely.
4. I like this person that has 3 story books
5. This is the office where he worked.
6. I don’t know the reason why he came so late.
二、复习预习
教师引导学生复习上节课所学的反意疑问句,包括反意疑问句的形式,祈使句的反意疑问句,there be句型的反意疑问句等, (以提问、回顾的形式进行),针对上节课的作业进行讲评、订正、答疑,并通过对反意疑问句具体用法的分析和扩展导入本节课所要学习的.定语从句。
三、知识讲解
知识点1:定语从句的概念和先行词
1. 【考查点】在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。(而在一个句子中充当整个句子的宾语的句子叫做宾语从句)
如:I love this English teacher whose eyes are blue. (定语从句)
我爱眼睛是蓝色的这位英语老师
I don’t know (宾语从句)
我不知道你怎样才能到达那个公园。
2. 【考查点】被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
如:A friend is someone who says, “What! You too? I thought I was the only one!”
A Wechat (微信) is an invention which can help people talk to friends, share photos, ideas and feeling freely.
知识点2:定语的关系词~关系代词
1.【考查点】既能指物也能指人的关系代词 that,whose。
如: ① I like this person that has 3 story books. (先行词是人person)
②先行词是物book)
①(先行词是teacher)
②先行词是dog)
2、【考查点】只能用来指代人的关系词who, whom.
如:Is he the man who wants to see you?
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.
3、【考查点】只能指代物的关系词which。
如:A prosperity which had never been seen before appears in the countryside.
4、【考查点】关系词在句子中充当的成分。
如:1、(who/that在从句中作主语)
他就是你想见的人吗?
2、他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)
3、作宾语) which / that在句中(
农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。
4、((只用作定语)
那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。
(注:当上题先行词指物时它还可以同of which互换)
如:Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.
请递给我那本绿皮的书
知识点3:关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词when, where, why可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。
【考查点】关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于”介词+ which“结构,因此常常和”介词+ which“结构交替使用。
如: There are occasions when (on which) one must yield.
任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。
Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.
北京是我的出生地。
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?
这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?
知识点4:关系词的选择取决于从句中的谓语动词
1.【考查点】 用关系代词,还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语,就必须要求用关系代词;而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。
如: This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.
四、例题精析
【例题1】
【题干】Nearly all the streets are in straight lines, ________ from east to west. Those ________ run from north to south are called avenues.
A. running; that B. run; who C. running; who D. run; that
【答案】A
【解析】: 主语与run(延伸)是主动关系,所以用现在分词。Those指街道,所以不用
来引导定语从句。 who而用that
【题干】Is this research center ________ you visited the modern equipment last year?
A. where B. that C. the one that D. the one where
【答案】:D
【解析】:将疑问句改为陈述句:this research center is…显然缺少先行词,必须加上代词the one来作先行词,又因定语从句不缺主语或宾语,所以用关系副词where。假若在this后加the,就选where,请想想这是为什么。
【题 干】
The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point ________ he can walk correctly and safely.
A. when B. where C. which D. whose
【答案】:B
【解析】 因为表示“阶段、程度、地步”的the point在定语从句中作地点状语,所以用语从句。 where引导定
【题干】
—How did you get in touch with the travel agent, Robin?
—Oh, that’s easy. I surfed the Internet and then called one ________ the telephone number is provided
A. which B. in which C. of which D. whose
【答案】:C 【解析】:因为of which引导定语从句,并在从句中作定语。of which the telephone number = whose telephone number。
五、课堂运用
【基础】
1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace.
A. Which B. where
【答案】A
【解析】:which用作关系代词,在定语从句中作主语。C. what D. in which
2.Do you know the man _______?
A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke
【答案】C.
【解析】”和谁讲话”要说speak to sb. 本题全句应为Do you know the man whom I spoke to.。whom是关系代词,作介词to的宾语,可以省略。
3.This is the hotel _______last month.
A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed
C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed
【答案】
【解析】是关系副词,表示地点,在定语从句中作地点状语。 D. where
4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded?
A. which B. that C. when D. on which
【答案】. C.
【解析】
是关系副词,表示时间,在定语从句中作时间状语。 when
【巩固】
5.That is the day ______I'll never forget.
A. which B. on which C. in which D. when
【答案】A.
【解析】 which是关系代词,在从句中作forget的宾语。其他几个答案都不能作宾语。
6.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here.
A. where B. to which C. which D. in which
【答案】C.
【解析】which是关系代词,在从句中作visit的宾语。其他几个答案都不能作宾语。
7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working.
A. where B. that C. which D. there
【答案】 A.
【解析】where是关系副词,表示地点,在定语从句中作地点状语。
【拔高】
8.This is one of the best films _______.
A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown
C. that has been shown this year D. that you talked
【答案】A.
【解析】本句话的先行词应该是films,因此,关系代词that是负数概念,其谓语动词应用复述的被动语态have been shown。如果句中的one前面使用了定冠词the,则the one应该视为先行词。
9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day?
A. about which you talked B. which you talked
C. about that you talked D. that you talked
【答案】A.
【解析】“谈到某事物”应说talk about sth.。about是介词,其后要用which作宾语,不能用that。
10.The pen ______he is writing is mine.
A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which
【答案】 A.
【解析】with which是“介词+关系代词”结构,常用来引导定语从句.with有“用”的意思,介词之后只能用which,不能用that. with which在定语从句中作状语,即he is writing with a pen.
【初中定语从句的课件】相关文章:
1.定语从句课件
3.定语从句教学课件
4.定语从句练习题
5.定语从句教案
8.定语从句复习总结
9.英语定语从句试题
10.高三定语从句教案
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