托福写作概述及计分方式

“livelife”通过精心收集，向本站投稿了7篇托福写作概述及计分方式，下面是小编收集整理后的托福写作概述及计分方式，供大家参考借鉴，希望可以帮助到有需要的朋友。

篇1：托福写作概述及计分方式

托福写作部分概述

托福考试更加注重考生的英语“输出”能力——口语和写作部分更加重视考生的综合能力测试。新托福考试的写作部分包括两部分，历时50分钟。

第一部分(综合写作)要求考生先读一篇文章，然后再听一段与刚刚阅读的文章话题相关的对话或者讲座;之后，考生需按照题目要求在20分钟内写出一篇150-225字的文章。新托福特殊的考试形式要求考生具备高度的听、说、读、写的综合能力才可能获得理想的成绩。

而写作考试的第二部分(独立写作)要求考生针对某个问题提出自己的观点，并在30分钟的时间内写出一篇短文，字数不得低于300字。新托福的作文题库不会发生太大的变化——ETS也许会对题目的措辞做出一些改变，而对已有的话题不会有本质上的改变，所以，目前的官方题库依然是考生应对新托福考试写作第二部分的最重要的参考资料。

篇2：托福写作概述及计分方式

托福考试的写作评分采取人工评卷的方式。每个部分的最高分为5分，最低分为1分。每份考卷的两个部分分别由两名阅卷人进行评分(只给整数分值)，然后取平均值。最后这个平均值要转换成Scale Score。按照ETS的统计，写作部分最终的Scale Score为22-24分，这对考生来讲已经比较理想——考生的百分比级别已经在80%左右;而最终Scale Score为26分以上就是非常优秀了——这时，考生的百分比级别已经超过90%。

托福写作错误的改进方法

1. The artist's work pushes our civilization to a higher level。

改进：Artists' work upgrades our civilization。

2. For example， you work in a big factory。

改进： Suppose you work in a big factory。

3. You'll find you are fit for business and you can make it your main job。

改进：You'll find that you are cut out for business and you can make it your career。

4. We will own nothing at all if we depend on luck。

改进： We will get nowhere if we rely on luck。

5. He will get a higher salary to improve his living level。

改进： He will get a higher salary， thus improving his life。

6. Their brain is still very young。

改进： They are still immature。

7. Dissatisfaction makes people produce desire for better things。

改进： Dissatisfaction impels people for the better。

8. They can't analyze clearly what is right and what is wrong。

改进： They cannot tell right from wrong。

9. It will help children to form a good habit of dealing with time。

改进： It will help children learn to make good use of time。

10. Though it is not the best job， it afford to his life。

改进： Though it is not the best job， a job is a job. He can make ends meet with it。

11. Since people are always not satisfied with their present situation， they want further development。

改进： Since people are never satisfied with their status quo， they want further development。

12. The only thing they need to do is to find a job which can easily get big money。

改进： The only thing they need to do is to find a job that can bring them big money。

13. They like an active life but not a peaceful life。

改进： They like an active life rather than a peaceful one。

14. Some cigarettes may even cost a larger sum of money。

改进： Some cigarettes may cost even more。

15. Firstly， dissatisfaction encourages the discovery of new products。

改进： Firstly， dissatisfaction encourages the invention of new products。

16. Insgroupsto suit the needs of enteringsintoswork， students must grasp some technical skills。

改进： Insgroupsto meet the needs of future work， students must learn some practical skills。

17. It is very necessary more qualified scientists and technicians。

改进： Qualified scientists and technicians are in great demand。

18. This knowledge will become a part of your body。

改进： This knowledge will become part of you。

19. They cannot think clearly。

改进： They cannot think straight。

20. Money can improve their living standard。

改进： Money can improve their life。

21. Parents always think that children will get a good job and earn a lot of money。

改进： Parents always expect their children to get a good job and earn a lot of money。

22. If a student only cares about money， will lead to be unhappy all his life。

改进： If a student only cares about money， he will be misled and will be unhappy all his life。

23. One purpose of education is to study the way in which he studies later。

改进： One purpose of education is to learn to learn。

24. Many parents arrange their children go to learn piano。

改进： Many parents send their children to piano classes。

25. When I want to absorb somebody else's opinion， I will study with others。

改进： When I need second opinion， I will study with others。

26. Eating outside has the most advantage that we can go at any time when we finish eating without doing any washing。

改进： The best part of eating out is that we can leave everything behind after meal。

27. Smoking can help you relax your mind。

改进： Cigarettes can help you relax。

28. What's about nonsmokers?

改进： What about nonsmokers?

29. Why not to be a non-smoker?

改进： Why not be a non-smoker?

30. Everyone will have many friends in his life。

改进： Everyone has friends in his life。

31. I am not good at maths，but English

改进： I am good not at mathematics but at English/ My strength is not mathematics but English。

32. Who is the proper person to make up his minds about children's leisure time?

改进： Who is the proper person to plan children's leisure time?

33.It is children who clear about their interests。

改进： It is children who are clear about their own interests。

34. I agree the latter idea。

改进： I agree with the latter idea。

35. Many people dissatisfy with the status quo。

改进： Many people are dissatisfied with the status quo。

36. So I feel breathe more comfortably now。

改进： So I feel more comfortable now when I breathe。

37. People should learn knowledge no matter how old they are。

改进：People should learn no matter how old they are/ People are never too old to learn。

38. No one knows all the things。

改进： No one knows everything。

39. I want to live in a quiet place to admire peaceful life。

改进： I want to live in a quiet place to enjoy peaceful life。

40. Each form ofshavingsfriends has its advantages。

改进： Each way of choosing friends has its advantages。

41. I was admitted to a key university for which few dared to sign up。

改进： I was admitted to a key university to which few dared to apply。

42. Luckily， he recognized an American professor。

改进： Luckily， he knew an American professor。

43. They will learn the bad habits。

改进： They will develop bad habits。

44. In this continued process， people make progress。

改进： In this cycle， people make progress。

45. Lastly， higher education is equal to higher salary。

改进： Lastly， higher education means higher salary。

46. By making friends who are different from ourselves， we can make up for deficiency。

改进： By making friends who are different from ourselves， we can make up for our shortcomings。

47. A wrong decision will bring even worse fact。

改进： A wrong decision will bring even worse result。

48. You spend all your life to fulfill your willing。

改进： You devote all your life to the fulfillment of your dream。

49. Children should be taught disciplines insgroupsto avoid unnecessary lost。

改进： Children should be taught discipline insgroupsto avoid unnecessary loss。

50. I felt alone。

改进： I felt lonely。

托福写作的小窍门整理

托福写作其实真的不难, 当然要保证听力比较好,重点都能听出来才行.根据两年多的机经来看,阅读听力各三点, 把六点进行有效排序, 一篇完美的文章可就新鲜出炉啦!

提醒:每人要有自己的模版, 下列模版仅供参考, 不可直接享用.

Integrated task:

表示陈述了某种观点的：

Indicate, state, claim, believe, argue, say, hold, discuss, mention, contend, demonstrate, raise the issue, according to the professor/writer…..

表示观点相反的：

Cast doubt on, refute, rebuke, refuse, question, disagree with, oppose, contradict, on the contrary, differ from

表示支持的：

Support, strengthen, agree with, reinforce, present the same idea

常用表示总结听力和阅读材料观点不同的句子：

1. This directly contradicts what the passage indicates.

2. this entirely opposes the writer’s expectation.

3. this is where the speaker disagrees with the writer.

4. this is another part where experience contradict theory.

模版：

In the lecture, the professor states that..., which differs from the point of the reading, the passsage contends that......

As for the writer, the writer indicates that.......R1.....On the contrary, the instructor argues that L1.....+detail.

In the lecture, the speaker raises the issue that L2+detail ......., yet the reading passage belives that.......R2...

In the lecture, the professor says L3.....+detail...., and what the professor says opposes the idea of reading which holds that R3.........

In a word, what is discussed in the lecture entirely opposes the writer’s expectation.

篇3：详解托福阅读如何计分

详解托福阅读如何计分

从OG中我们可以看出托福阅读的算分方法，原来是这样的：

The Reading Section score is based on your performance on multiple-choice items. Except for the last question of each set， you received one point for each of the questions you answered correctly. The total points that you received were than converted to a score on a scale from 0-30. The reported score for the Reading Section will always be on this scale of 0-30.

The last question in each set is worth 2 points. These questions were scored as follows：

If you had： You received

1 correct answers 0 points

2 correct answers 1 point

3 correct answers 2 points

关于托福阅读评分标准的解读：

1. 这里所说的转换(convert)，不同版本的试卷因难度不同有不同的转换标准，所以新托福阅读是没有固定的评分表的。

2. 所以，计算新托福阅读的分数，不要计算对多少题，而是算拿到多少原始分“Raw Point Total(0-45)”，然后再参照评分表，计算最后的分数(0-30)。

下面解释下新托福阅读怎么算分。并公布下新托福阅读算分表，希望对托福备考有帮助。

托福阅读算分表：

托福阅读评分方法.

新托福阅读考试共三篇文章,每篇12-14道题,如果遇到加试时从考试的五篇文章中随机选取三篇计分。满分为42至45分不等，转换为标准分后满分为30分。在这三篇文章中所有回答正确的题目数量加起来就是你的“total points”。

除重要观点题和归类题以外，每道题的分值都是1分。重要观点题的分值可能是2分。归类题为3或4分。

考试所得分数范围:：0-30分。

托福阅读算分中成绩计算方法是怎样的?下面就将为大家解答。

托福阅读部分，总共有3篇文章(如遇到加试，则随机3篇文章算分，另1篇文章不算分)。每篇文章700个字，对应14道题目。其中，13道题是基础信息和推断题，每道题1分。最后一道题是小结题，俗称大题，满分2分。大题一般情况下是6选3，3个选项错一个扣一分，扣完为止，即在答题中错2或3个选项，这个题目不得分。

因此，每篇文章对应14个题目，共15分。阅读部分整体42道题，对应原始分数满分45分。根据如下表格，将会给出原始分数与最终分数的对应。

比如，某位学生阅读部分，错了5道小题，3道大题各错一个选项，因此扣去的分数就应该为5+1+1+1=8分，因此原始分数就是37分，最终得分为27分。另一位学生，错了12道小题，3道大题中，1道大题选错2个选项，另外两道大题各选错一个，则扣分为12+2+1+1=16分，原始分数为29分，最终分数对应为20分。

在此分数对应表格中，需要特别注意的是25分和20分的最终分数。如果得到25分以上，那就等于总分有可能上100分，而100分是申请美国名校的比较有竞争力的分数。如果得到20分以上，那就意味着总分有可能到80分以上，这个分数是申请美国前100名学校时比较基本的分数。

大家还需要注意的是托福阅读算分为0分的最终分数，对应的9分以下的原始分数。在传统考试中，如果不看题目，直接“蒙”，可能会得到一定的分数。而在托福阅读中，如果用“蒙”的方法，可能会得到9分的原始分数，但最终分数就是0分。

托福阅读多选题算分。托福阅读存在着一种题型，就是托福阅读多选题。新托福阅读题最后一道题一般都是多选题，多选题分两类，一类叫图表题，给你一个图表，让你6选3或者8选4。第二类叫文章内容小节题，文章内容概述题，托福阅读考试的算分和我们平时国内的考试不同，所以如何对托福阅读多选题算分，成了不少学生的问题。

托福阅读真题练习：kittiwake gull

托福阅读文本：

Among the species of seabirds that use the windswept cliffs of the Atlantic coast of Canada in the summer to mate, lay eggs, and rear their young are common murres, Atlantic puffins,black-legged kittiwakes, and northern gannets. Of all the birds on these cliffs, the black-legged kittiwake gull is the best suited for nesting on narrow ledges. Although its nesting habits are similar to those of gulls that nest on flat ground, there are a number of important differences related to the cliff-nesting habit.

The advantage of nesting on cliffs is the immunity it gives from foxes, which cannot scale the sheer rocks, and from ravens and other species of gulls, which have difficulty in landing on narrow ledges to steal eggs. This immunity has been followed by a relaxation of the defenses, and kittiwakes do not react to predators nearly as fiercely as do ground-nesting gulls. A colony of Bonaparte's gulls responds to the appearance of a predatory herring gull by flying up as a group with a clamor of alarm calls, followed by concerted mobbing, but kittiwakes simply ignore herring gulls, since they pose little threat to nests on cliffs. Neither do kittiwakes attempt to conceal their nest. Most gulls keep the nest area clear of droppings, and remove empty eggshells after the chicks have hatched, so that the location of the nest is not given away. Kittiwakes defecate over the edge of the nest, which keeps it clean, but this practice, as well as their tendency to leave the nest littered with eggshells, makes its location very conspicuous.

On the other hand, nesting on a narrow ledge has its own peculiar problems, and kittiwake behavior has become adapted to overcome them. The female kittiwake sits when mating, whereas other gulls stand, so the pair will not overbalance and fall off the ledge. The nest is a deep cup,made of mud or seaweed, to hold the eggs safely, compared with the shallow scrape of other gulls,and the chicks are remarkably immobile until fully grown. They do not run from their nests when approached, and if they should come near to the cliff edge, they instinctively turn back.

托福阅读题目：

1. What aspect of the kittiwake gull does the passage mainly discuss?

(A) Its defensive behavior

(B) It interactions with other gull species

(C) Its nesting habits

(D) Its physical difference from other gull species

2. The word “rear” in line 2 is closest in meaning to

(A) visit

(B) watch

(C) reverse

(D) raise

3. The word “scale” in line 8 is closest in meaning to

(A) climb

(B) avoid

(C) approach

(D) measure

4. The word “immunity” in line 9 is closest in meaning to

(A) distance

(B) transition

(C) protection

(D) reminder

5. Why is it difficult for ravens to steal the kittiwakes' eggs?

(A) The kittiwakes can see the ravens approaching the nest.

(B) The ravens cannot land on the narrow ledges where kittiwakes nest.

(C) The kittiwakes' eggs are too big for the ravens to carry.

(D) The female kittiwakes rarely leave the nest.

6. The author mentions that eggshells litter around the nests of kittiwakes in order to

(A) demonstrate that kittiwakes are not concerned about predators

(B) prove how busy kittiwakes are in caring for their offspring

(C) show a similarity to other types of gulls

(D) illustrate kittiwakes' lack of concern for their chicks

7. According to the passage , it can be inferred that which of the following birds conceal their nest?

(A) Bonaparte's gulls

(B)Atlantic puffins

(C) Kittiwake gulls

(D) Northern gannets

8. The word “it” in line 17 refers to

(A) location

(B) edge

(C) nest

(D) practice

9. The word “conspicuous” in line 18 is closest in meaning to

(A) disordered

(B) suspicious

(C) noticeable

(D) appealing

10. The phrase “On the other hand” in line 19 is closest in meaning to

(A) therefore

(B) however

(C) for example

(D) by no means

托福阅读答案：

CDACBAACCB

篇4：托福阅读多选题如何计分

托福阅读多选题如何计分

新托福阅读题最后一道题一般都是多选题，多选题分两类，一类叫图表题，给你一个图表，让你6选3或者8选4。第二类叫文章内容小节题，文章内容概述题，托福阅读考试的算分和我们平时国内的考试不同。那么托福阅读多选题算分步骤是怎样呢?填表题，SUMMARY 3空2分，答对2题给1分。CHART 5空3分题 对4拿2分 对3拿1分。7空4分题，对6拿3分 对5拿2分 对4拿1分。

由此可见，托福阅读多选题的分值还是很高的，那么，在托福阅读考试过程，我们怎么做到尽可能不失分呢?首先我们就要做到以下几点：1、如果在托福阅读文章中有主题句，结合主题句与主题句无关的，砍了，不是主要观点的，埋了，最后那些与文章无关或着根本就是错的，拖出去枪毙5分钟，剩下的基本上就是答案了。2、一般人最容易犯的错误是将非主要观点判断为主要观点我们可以采用的高分技巧就是看一看，他说的内容在整篇都谈到了?还是只有一段?如果全谈到了，那么就是主要，反之就不是。

托福词汇：与摄影类相关的托福单词

摄影

photography

camera lens

相机镜头

darkroom

暗室

exposure

爆光

wide angle lens

广角镜头

托福词汇：与舞蹈相关的托福单词

舞蹈 ballet

芭蕾舞

choreography

芭蕾舞

设计

托福词汇：与音乐相关的托福单词

音乐

musical instrument

乐器

orchestra

乐队

string

弦乐

wind

管乐

fanatical

狂热的

folk music

民间音乐

pop music

流行音乐

classical music

古典音乐

Jazz

爵士乐

band music

管乐

cello

大提琴

chamber music

室内音乐

choral society

合唱团

chord

和弦

chorus

合唱

march

进行曲

melody

旋律

orchestra

管弦乐

vocalmusic

声乐

concerto

协奏曲

quality

音质

volume

音量

chord

和弦

harmony

和声

symphony

交响乐

viola

中提琴

violin

小提琴

wind instruments

管乐器

篇5：托福口语成绩官方评分标准和计分方式详细解读

托福口语成绩官方评分标准和计分方式详细解读

托福口语成绩如何计算?

首先，在托福考试中，判分员分为E-Rater和Human-Rater。E-Rater即机器判分，比如我们的托福阅读和听力部分，包括写作也会用E-Rater先粗判一下基本的拼写和语法方面。Human-Rater则是主要负责口语部分和写作更高层级的判分工作。

判分员来源于不同的岗位，比如大学教授、国际学校教师、美国高等院校考试测评专业的学生等。在经过了笔试、面试和严格的筛选培训流程后才能上岗。然后分配到具体的某个科目专人专项进行判分。以托福口语为例，每个评分员开始判分工作之前都需要完成当日校准。即他们会被要求给一些“预置答案”判分，这些答案都是由资深判分小组提前定义好了分数，用来检测当日判分员是否能达到准确判分的要求。只有通过了才会被分配真实考生的答案并进行判分。在当天的真实考试判分过程中，系统还会给他们随机分配这样的“预置答案”，以便监控全天判分过程中的准确度。

在我们的考试结束后，考生的口语部分录音回答将被送到 ETS总部，由 3 到 6 位经认证的评分员按照 0 到 4 的评分标准(五个整数分数段)进行全面评分。判分员在进行判分时，判分系统上会有4、3、2、1、0各个档位的标准答案，供判分员参考以便矫正自己判分的准确度。若判分标答参考不足以帮助判分员界定分数，他们可以申请组长来帮助自己完成判分。最终六道口语题的分数加在一起(0-24分)，取算数平均值(0-4分之间，但会出现小数点后0/.83/.66/.50/.33/.16六种不同情况)根据转换表，来转换为0-30分的总分。

托福口语分数换算表格介绍

托福口语分太低还可以复议?

ETS会定期对判分员进行数据抽查，以保证考生能够获得公平科学的成绩。不合格的判分员会被回炉重造甚至辞退。总而言之，ETS是个做事严谨的机构，我们所有考生要认真对待自己的分数，对于“复议”也不能抱有太多侥幸心理。当然，如果考生特别自信地认为自己的答案被误判了，那还是应该勇敢地选择复议。

托福口语范文：社区学校开设哪些课程

题目

The community school is going to start new courses on weekends for students to study. Which of the following courses would you like to choose?

--courses on how to deliver a speech

--courses on improving your photography

--courses on business skills

Sample Response

If I could take courses on the weekend, I would be most interested in classes about business skills because I could use them in both my work and private life.

Clearly, business skills would be helpful for work because I could do my job better. I would like to learn about writing different types of letters to clients and using my computer for work purposes.

However, business skills would be helpful in my private life, too. For example, I would like to learn to manage money better. I could learn about keeping records and making a budget in a business class.

Since business skills are useful for all aspects of my life, I would be most interested in taking classes about them if I had the chance.

托福口语范文：家长是否要帮孩子解决困难

题目

Some parents prefer to help their kids to solve the problems and troubles they meet, while some parents prefer to let their children deal with difficulties by themselves. Which one do you think is more reasonable and why?

Sample Response

I think that parents should let kids solve their own problems and troubles. Of course, there are some dangerous situations where a parent should help, but for the most part, children should be allowed to come up with their own solutions.

First, parents need to remember that they will not always be there to help. Children will face many situations in the future on their own, so they need to become comfortable solving problems on their own.

Second, children will remember how to do things better if they solve problems. Even if they make mistakes, the kids can learn what not to do. The process is important for understanding how to solve other troubles in the future.

Therefore, I think that, when possible, parents should let kids learn to solve their own problems.

托福口语范文：如何帮助朋友庆祝成功

题目

One of your good friends has just gotten one achievement he is longing for, and he is about to celebrate it. From your perspective, as his good friend, how would you help your friend celebrate his achievement?

Sample Response

If my good friend has worked hard for an achievement, I think giving him a photo album about the event would be a great way to celebrate.

A photo album is a special gift that marks the occasion. However, it is not something that goes away, such as flowers that die or food that is eaten. Instead, he can keep the book and enjoy the memories of the event.

Plus, a photo album lets him know I recognize the time that he invested. If the pictures include the steps he took to get to his achievement, he will know that I appreciate his effort.

A photo album is therefore a great way to mark the occasion, remember the event, and also show that I understand the things he went through to reach his goal.

篇6：托福写作：主体的常见方式

托福写作：主体的常见方式

一、举实例

思维短路，举实例!提出一个观点，举实例!提出一个方案，举实例!而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式，任何情况下，只要我们无法继续文章，不管三七二十一，尽管举例子!

In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance. For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her.

更多句型：

To take …as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, for example

二、做比较

方法：写完一个要点，比较与之相似的;又写完一个要点，再比较与之相反的;

世界上没有同样的指纹，没有相同的树叶，文章亦同，只有通过比较，你才会发现二者的相同点(through comparison)和不同点(through contrast)。下面是一些短语：

相似的比较：

in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner

相反的比较：

on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …, …

三、换言之

没话说了，可以换一句话再说，让你的文章在多一些字，或者文邹邹地说，是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。

实际就是重复重复再重复!下面的句子实际上就三个字 I love you!

I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you.

I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love with you.

或者上面我们举过的例子：

I cannot bear it.

可以用短语表达：I cannot put up with it.

因此可以这样说：I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with it or I am fed up with it.

更多短语：

in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more simply

托福写作高分满分范文点评和思路解析：科技让生活更舒适

托福写作难点话题一览

Has technology made the world a better place to live? Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?

Technology has made the world a better place to live. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.

写作思路展开结构分析

科技让世界变得更适宜居住。这道题目正反面都有很多个点可以展开。支持这个观点可以大谈科技带给人们生活的各种便利，衣食住行相信大家都能想到不少主意。从反面来展开也很容易，大家可以多写一些环境污染温室效应之类的话题，这些都可以算作是科技发展造成的负面影响。

本话题高分范文赏析

Technology is a tool for humanity. As such it merely supports human actions, good and bad, and does not contribute in and of itself to the progression of the world. Nevertheless, while people have utilized technology to improve their living conditions and also as a means to control and harm others, I believe that technology has allowed and will continue to allow mankind to solve our most serious problems and thus make the world a better place to live.

Technology has aided us in the fight against the two most serious threats to human life, hunger and disease. With the help of technology we have been able to save millions of lives by developing vaccinations, cures, and treatments for diseases that used to be considered fatal. Similarly, technology has figured prominently in the area of food production and may one day allow us to stamp out hunger all over the world. The development of telecommunication and information technologies has encouraged communication between countries and their peoples and thus prevented political conflict.

Of course, technology has also helped mankind to become more destructive and exploitative. The ever-growing arms industry has been able to build bigger bombs and more efficient killing machines. As a result, armed conflicts have become more and more devastating and cost more human lives than ever before. In addition, governments have used technology to limit information and suppress opposition, and businesses continue to use it to maximize profits by replacing workers with machines. None of these practices can be considered beneficial to humanity.

However, while the development of technology might have contributed to some of these contemporary problems, it offers the most likely solutions to many of them. People in many parts of the world still die of starvation, and further developments in food science will hopefully end this unfortunate situation. Also, the global energy shortage presents a problem only technology can solve, and the further development of existing technology is necessary to reduce and stop environmental pollution and degradation.

托福写作：高分技巧

英美人写文章的总体逻辑可以概括为总分或总分总。而托福综合写作的阅读材料多为前者布局，且多为四段式(首段总起，三段分别展开)。

首段主要用来提供背景信息或者提出话题，(注意：阅读和听力是同一个话题，极少考到观点相互补，多为观点相对立。)而作者的立场或论点多位于首段的最后一句，聪明的考生会把注意力多集中于首段的尾句，确定作者的立论点，从而对于下一阶段的听力大致话题和论述做到心中有底。

随后的段落即展开给出作者之所以立论的三个分论点或论据，在单个的段落当中，又遵循了西方人惯有的总分模式，单个段落的首句多为topic sentence，考生可以只关注三个段落的首句以快速获取段落主要内容，从而避免全文通读速度不够而导致的来不及看完阅读。

新托福考试综合写作高分技巧2听力：判断说话人立场，记录观点和支持性论据

听力环节的笔记很重要，是决定综合写作能否顺利完成的关键因素。没有经过训练或者疏于练习的同学会对于该记什么无从下手，结果就是笔记做了，自己看不懂，或者笔记太过凌乱，毫无可利用性。

要知道听力该记什么怎么记，此时应当牢记心里的仍然是西方人的逻辑性。“总分”表明了在听力的开始段是表明说话者立场和论点的，那么按照我们之前分析的，阅读和听力必然是同主题，所以听力开始时候大家不必忙着乱记一通，事实上，什么都不用写，镇定情绪，听清说话者的立场即可。

接着，和阅读中相似，说话者会从三个方面阐述支持自己的观点，很多情况下，这三点和阅读中的三点是刚好契合，一一对应的。但听力三方面的分论据往往是从阅读中无法推断的，所以分论点及论据是需要同学进行笔记的，应当记的是key words，切忌洋洋洒洒想记全一句话，最后自己也难以读懂。

新托福考试综合写作高分技巧3：想办法提高自己的记忆容量

各位考生不妨观察一下自己抄写英文句子的情况。大多数未经训练的第二语言学习者很可能都是每写下一个词就要回去重新读一次才能继续抄下去--有的时候甚至可能需要每写一个字母就要返回文本重看一眼才能继续。这说明此人的记忆容量只能容纳一个词(或者甚至连一个词都容纳不了)。记忆容量大的人理解文本更为容易，又因为能够理解所以记忆文本更加容易，进而又因为能够记得住而联系上下文更为轻松，而记忆容量过小的人基本上连看完一篇文章都非常吃力。不过，只要稍加训练，记忆容量就会扩充至足够用的地步。迅速将自己的英文记忆容量提高到“够用”的地步，最好的方法就是通过“跟读”、“朗读”训练平日积累。因为朗读可以非常有效而又迅速地提高文字理解能力。这很关键，记不住的最重要原因并非“记忆力差”--无论记忆力多好，都很难记住无法理解、无法关联的信息--听得懂才容易记得住。

最后是大家比较关心的模板问题。综合写作中，要将阅读和听力观点整合起来时，如果在准备阶段备有一套好用的模板，那么就是如虎添翼了。好的模板在课堂上就会发给同学，但是我们建议考生应当备有自己独一无二的模板，通过对同义换词，句型多变，做到集多个好模板于一身，又毫无雷同的独家模板。

篇7：托福写作有哪些少见开头方式

托福写作有哪些少见开头方式

一 用副词开头

(1) 副词修饰全句

Luckily， he didn’t know my phone number; otherwise， he would bother me.

Incredibly， Helena got straight A in her school report this semester.

Interestingly， cats and dogs can hardly get along well in a house.

修饰全句常用的副词有：

obviously / undoubtedly

apparently / fortunately

clearly / unfortunately

incredibly / luckily

unluckily / surprisingly

frighteningly

这些副词大多数表示说话人对全句的看法，在意思上相等与 “It is ... 形容词that ...” 。

举个例子：

Obviously， he is nervous about the test. =It is obvious that he is nervous about the test.

Unfortunately， he tripped over and fell in the mud. =It is unfortunate that he tripped over and fell in the mud.

(2) 强调副词

Hurriedly， the man drew me a scratch map to show me the direction.

Dangerously， the drunkard sped down the street.

Slowly and gently， snowflakes were drifting down from the sky.

(3) 副词表示某一领域

Geographically， Canada is the biggest country in the world.

Financially， she is independent， but emotionally she is dependent.

二 用插入语开头，表示说话人的态度，或使句子的意思更加准确

Strangely enough， Jennifer does not enjoy sunshine and beach.

Generally speaking， winter in Vancouver is gloomy.

类似的插入语有：

no wonder，no doubt

in other words，in my opinion

in conclusion，in fact

as a matter of fact

三 用形容词、并列形容词或形容词短语开头，修饰句子的主语，表示主语的特征或状态

Frantic， the young mother rushed out the door with the baby in her arms.

Tasty and crisp， potato chip are a favorite snack for both children and adults.

Happy at his good marks at school， the little boy skipped on his way home.

Desperate and hopeless， the poor man committed suicide.

四 用分词、分词短语开头

(1) 修饰句子主语，表示主语所处的状态或主语同时进行的另一个较谓语动词次要的动作。

Scared， the girl moved timidly and cautiously into the dark room.( 状态)

Chased by my dear pet cat， the mouse dashed into a small hole.( 状态 )

Spoiled by his parents， the naughty boy always insists on things he wants.( 状态)

Puffing and hugging， he finished his run.( 另一动作)

Looking at herself in the mirror， she fingered her silk scarf on her shoulder.( 另一动作)

(2) 修饰谓语动词，表示原因、时间等。

Lying down on the couch， he felt much relaxed.( 时间)

Feeling bored， she turned on the TV and switched from channel to channel.( 原因)

Wanting to find out the business hour， she called the store.( 原因)

Having completed the form， he mailed it out immediately.( 时间)

五 用介词短语开头，表示句子谓语动词发生的时间、地点、方式、原因、条件

On seeing him approach， the girl immediately turned her face to a shop window

pretending to look at something there.( 时间)

Around the corner， a crowd gathered.( 地点)

Unlike his father， Peter touches neither cigarettes nor alcohol.( 方式)

Due to the limit of seats， he was not accepted.( 原因)

In case of fire， use the stairways.( 条件)

六 动词不定式开头，强调谓语动词动作的目的

To celebrate the arrival of the Millennium， we held a grand party in the hotel.

To show my trust on him， I deposited $ 10，000 into his bank account.

七 用独立分词短语开头，使句子有正式的味道

Birds singing in the tree， another routine day starts.

Sea gulls flying over the water， the old fisherman flung his fishing meat into the open sea.

A dog following them， the police searched every suspect.

八 用过渡句开头，表示此句与上下句的关系

Consequently， I slowed down to avoid a fine ticket.

In fact， she was a kindhearted woman.

九 用同位语开头，表示主句位于动词发生的时间、地点、原因、方式、条件等

A signing officer of the bank， Jane signs her name hundreds of times each day at work.

A TV addict， Jim watches TV movies one after another every evening until after midnight.

十 用副词从句开头，表示主句谓语动词发生的时间、地点、原因、方式、条件

When you are in need of help， give me a call.

Wherever you go， I follow.

Since your children love hamburgers and fries， we might as well eat in MacDonald.

As if it were summer， everybody wear shorts and a T-shirt.

In case that you get lost， call me at this number.

十一 用名词从句开头，作整句的主语

Whether you take the position or not makes great difference to me.

Why I am unhappy is something I can’t explain.

What they should do about the hole in the roof is their most pressing problem.

托福独立写作逻辑断层问题如何解决?

实例讲解写作中的逻辑断层问题

为了帮助大家深入理解逻辑断层的本质，下面我们分析一篇在实战中出现过好几次的托福独立写作真题。

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?

The best leader should spend more time listening to other people’s ideas than taking his or her own ideas.

A同学写道：公司领导听从员工的意见会促进公司的发展

B同学写道：如果一个公司的领导能听取员工的意见，员工就会认为这个领导比较民主，员工就更愿意提出自己对公司发展的想法，如果这些想法是对的，被领导接纳后无疑省去了领导的思考时间，那么领导就可以把时间用于挖掘人才，和其他公司合作，吸引外商投资，这就为公司的发展创造更多机遇;同时，员工的想法被领导接纳后员工会认为自己对公司是有贡献的，如此以来,他们的工作积极性空前高涨，这样整个公司的工作效率就会提升，这无疑提升了公司形象, 因此会吸引更多顾客,这就不至于出现供过于求,资金周转不畅等问题. 这无疑促进了公司的发展。

很显然，A同学省略了很多推理步骤，而B同学加入了这些推理过程，使文章显得更加具体，从已知条件推到结论，可谓水到渠成，顺理成章，分数自然会提高。

托福独立写作中间段该怎么写?

托福独立写作中间段写法思路分析

很多同学都很头疼独立写作的中间到底写点什么，小编也经常听到学生抱怨：那些范文的作者怎么有那么多有的没的可以扯，我就是想不出那么多话那么多内容往文章里搬啊。面对这样的问题，小编一开始也很困惑应该怎样去帮助他们，因为这是确实存在的一个事实，暂且不谈英文，即便是说中文，也有一些人是能“扯”的，有一些人是“不能扯”的。后来小编发现，“能不能扯”在方向上来说就已经错了，或者说已经偏了，偏离了简单写作的轨道。原因在于，内容是无止尽的，非要一个高中生脑子里装很多内容素材也确实强人所难。即便经历了长期的准备积累，在考场上要把这些信息想到，再敲到文章里也是很耗费时间的，所以说关于论证细节，如果从内容下手进行思考，反而会让写作看起来更复杂。那么，托福考试中的简单写作到底是什么呢?那就是考生一定听说过的“论证方法”。大部分考生对这个词不陌生，知道主体段需要运用各种论证方法进行支持。在此，小编想强调的是，考生大可不必从内容上去思考写点什么，而是直接可以从论证方法入手，因为论证方法是有止尽的，最常用的也是最好用的论证方法包括因果论证(分析原因、说明结果)、举例论证、引证以及对比论证。我们随便看几个范文段落就可以发现，文章段落中的每一句话都是有存在的目的的，所谓目的就是论证的方法。

论证方法实例分析1

例如：

1，Firstly,the wide application of the Internet dramatically boosts the convenience and efficiency of acquiring knowledge for people.(中心句)2.In the times without the Internet,the main way to be well-educated was attending schools.3.But the scarcity of educational resources enabled only a few elites to do it.4.Thanks to the Internet technology,the knowledge gets across among people regardless of time and space.5.For example,Khan Academy,an innovative online educational company,offers high-quality and free-of-charge cramming courses involving mathematics,physics and other high school subjects.6.Another renowned program called “Coursera” cooperates with top universities and puts online real lectures of top-notch professors for people to learn from at no cost.

整个段落一共6句话，第一句话是中心句，第二句到第四句是对比论证(没有网络的时候VS有了网络的时候)，第五句和第六句是两个例子。

论证方法实例分析2

再如：

1、In the first place,job satisfaction is becoming increasingly important in contemporary society.2.Due to the fierce competition and social pressure,whether workers can attain satisfaction in their positions determines how hardly they work,which also determines how many profits the company will get.3.My brother can be cited as a good example.4.At first,he worked in an international company which cared nothing for its employees but profits.5.He was forced to work for extra hours without extra salary in regular working time, which generated extreme tiredness and dissatisfaction.6.As a result,he soon changed the job into a more satisfying one which has more vacation,better working environment and more friendly relationships between colleagues.7.Now,my brother enjoys his job which creates great job satisfaction for him and works more assiduously.

整个段落一共7句话，第一句仍然是中心句，第二句用的是因果论证，第三句开始举了具体的个人例子。

因此，当中心句写完之后，到底写点什么来支撑一个段落的字数，考生可以从论证方法这个概念去思考。例如Body 1中心句之后可以先用因果论证，带一下原因，再将结果层层递进写几句话，结束之后字数肯定不够，那就想一下还有一种论证方法叫举例论证，能不能编一个例子出来。同理，Body 2还是先写中心句，接下来写一句因果，写一句对比(正反假设)，最后再来一组例子。简而言之，我们在思考的时候从论证方法出发，但是呈献给考官看的还是内容。论证方法只是便于我们快速想到写的内容的方向，总比绞尽脑汁直接想内容要简单得多。

如何让段落逻辑清晰?

在了解了怎样以最快速度想出理由段写点什么内容之后，还需要注意的一个问题是，有些人能“条理清晰地扯”，有些人“扯出了一团浆糊”。那么怎样才能让考官看着觉得这个段落逻辑清晰呢?笔者在看了很多官方范文及学生的高分文章后，发现了一个规律，好的文章段落有一个共同的逻辑层次，即由抽象到具体，上文两个段落的层次安排也是按照这样来进行的，中心句结束后进行解释，最后搬上例子。这样看来，文章理由段的写法也非常简单，按照上面的安排操作即可，根据论证方法配以具体的内容，一个段落就能轻松完成了。在此要强调的是，新托福作文中，主体段的例子是非常重要的，考生应该做到每一个段落都要有例子支持，当然并不一定是具体某个人的例子，可以是引用的研究结果，也可以使用排比的句式写出一组列举的例子。

托福写作技巧

step1：找5篇左右的满分作文。最好别用185。 step2：通读这5篇，找出比较万用的好句子。 这里要说明什么是好句子。 1、长短句子没亮点，而且总共也没几个词，达不到凑字数的目的，而且短句一般也不会用什么句型。 2、句型复杂。最好有倒装，强调，虚拟语气，排比，比喻诸如此类的形式。 3、适用范围广泛。如果把与这篇文章相关的词语划去你一看，还差不多是个句子，这就符合条件。 step3：筛选句子。 从这5篇中，大概能找到10多句这样的好句，挑出最顺眼的，背着最痛快的几句记下来。记住，一定不能太多。因为考试时候你要直接写出这几句话，而不是现场从十几句话里面挑选，背的少就选择的时间少，剩下了的时间用来凑字数。 step4：排列。 把这些你看着顺眼的好句排排顺序，看看哪些放开头，哪些放结尾，哪些放中间段。

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1.演讲稿概述及写作方法

2.裴航概述及历史传说

3.托福写作有哪些少见开头方式

4.托福写作结尾

5.新东方托福写作语料库

6.托福写作：复习建议

7.托福独立写作名人名言

8.托福写作赏析精选

9.托福写作高分经验

10.托福写作fair是多少分