托福写作审题的重要性
“飞越阿卡姆”通过精心收集，向本站投稿了7篇托福写作审题的重要性，下面小编为大家整理后的托福写作审题的重要性，欢迎阅读与借鉴!
篇1：托福写作审题的重要性
托福写作提升方法丨你是否了解审题的重要性?
一.托福写作审题的重要性
托福写作很多人都在练习如何写，如何能有一个漂亮的文笔，这时不少人都忽略了托福作文题目本身，其实托福写作经验提醒大家一个好的开始真的是成功的一半，一定要先把题目弄懂再进行写作。
在托福考场上时间无疑是最为宝贵的，那么怎么能在有限的时间内争分夺秒，迅速阅读并理解题目，理清思路，并组织好语言呢?这需要我们在平时不断大量的练习，以及在每次练习后总结经验教训，以免下次再犯同样的错误。那么在平时的练习以及在考场上，审题无疑是最为重要的环节之一，因为它直接与我们的写作内容相联系，如果我们审题出现了偏差，那么不管我们的语言多么优美生动，不管我们的结构多么合理分明，我们的作文都是不合格的，所以，我们在练习及考试时，都不能不重视审题这一步骤，务必要在最短的时间内抓住题目的关键词，正确理解要求，保证迅速而准确的解读出题目的隐含意义，并迅速梳理出自己的思路，树立自己的观点，写出一篇高质量的作文来。
二.如何审好题目
我们应该熟悉托福作文题目的主要类型，托福写作经验提醒大家要明确托福独立写作主要有几种形式，每种形式的代表词是什么，对于该种类型的题目又有什么方法可以解，哪种方法最为有效最为快速，哪种方法最为百搭，哪种方法容易写出高质量的作文来。
这就要求我们在平时的写作练习中多加思考，积极总结，并且要了解自己的长处和弱项，有针对性的进行练习，这样不但知己知彼，还能扬长避短，保证我们在托福独立写作中得到高分。在平时的练习中，我们阅读题目时，不但要注意题目所讨论的主要问题，究竟是属于经济类还是教育类，更应该抓住一些看似不是重点的虚词，比如 “must”、“should”以及“the most”等等。这些词不但修饰了题目中所要表达的问题，更标志了该种题目的类型，在解题思路上给我们提示。
不管是在平时的托福写作练习还是考场上面，我们都应该抓住关键词，这个关键词不仅仅指“经济”、“教育”这一类词，更是“必须”、“应该”这种表示情感或者说表示态度的词。这种词直接关系到我们可以采取什么态度来回应题目，是完全同意，还是部分同意，亦或者是完全不同意。在平时多多研究这些词语和解题思路的关系，总结相应的套路，能够在考场上为我们节省大量的时间，提升解题效率和准确度，并且帮助我们战无不胜。
总之，在阅读题目时，我们要抓住每一个关键词，深入理解他们的意思，分析不同题目之间相同之处，总结出托福独立写作的套路来，只有通过大量练习和不断总结，我们才能更全面的理解托福独立写作的要求，从而写出符合要求的作文来。
托福写作提升中我们都很注重提升写作基础，也都知道要积累写作素材，但是对于审题却强调的比较少。希望大家在以后备考中能够重视审题，在写作之前先审清题目再开始写作。
托福写作范文背诵之Why do you think people attend college or university
People attend college or university for many different reasons (for example, new experiences, career preparation, increased knowledge). Why do you think people attend college or university? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
范文：
People attend colleges or universities for a lot of different reasons. I believe that the three most common reasons are to prepare for a career, to have new experiences, and to increase their knowledge of themselves and the world around them.
Career preparation is becoming more and more important to young people. For many, this is the primary reason to go to college, They know that the job market is competitive. At college, they can learn new skill for careers with a lot of opportunities. This means careers, such as information technology, that are expected to need a large workforce in the coming years.
Also, students go to colleges and universities to have new experiences. This often means having the opportunity to meet people different from those in their hometowns. For most students, going to college is the first time they've been away from home by themselves. In additions, this is the first time they've had to make decisions on their own. Making these decisions increases their knowledge of themselves.
Besides looking for self-knowledge, people also attend a university or college to expand their knowledge in subjects they find interesting. For many, this will be their last chance for a long time to learn about something that doesn't relate to their career.
I would recommend that people not be so focused on a career. They should go to college to have new experiences and learn about themselves and the world they live in.
托福独立写作中间段要如何写
托福独立写作中间段写法思路分析
很多同学都很头疼独立写作的中间到底写点什么，小编也经常听到学生抱怨：那些范文的作者怎么有那么多有的没的可以扯，我就是想不出那么多话那么多内容往文章里搬啊。面对这样的问题，小编一开始也很困惑应该怎样去帮助他们，因为这是确实存在的一个事实，暂且不谈英文，即便是说中文，也有一些人是能“扯”的，有一些人是“不能扯”的。后来小编发现，“能不能扯”在方向上来说就已经错了，或者说已经偏了，偏离了简单写作的轨道。原因在于，内容是无止尽的，非要一个高中生脑子里装很多内容素材也确实强人所难。即便经历了长期的准备积累，在考场上要把这些信息想到，再敲到文章里也是很耗费时间的，所以说关于论证细节，如果从内容下手进行思考，反而会让写作看起来更复杂。那么，托福考试中的简单写作到底是什么呢?那就是考生一定听说过的“论证方法”。大部分考生对这个词不陌生，知道主体段需要运用各种论证方法进行支持。在此，小编想强调的是，考生大可不必从内容上去思考写点什么，而是直接可以从论证方法入手，因为论证方法是有止尽的，最常用的也是最好用的论证方法包括因果论证(分析原因、说明结果)、举例论证、引证以及对比论证。我们随便看几个范文段落就可以发现，文章段落中的每一句话都是有存在的目的的，所谓目的就是论证的方法。
论证方法实例分析1
例如：
1，Firstly,the wide application of the Internet dramatically boosts the convenience and efficiency of acquiring knowledge for people.(中心句)2.In the times without the Internet,the main way to be well-educated was attending schools.3.But the scarcity of educational resources enabled only a few elites to do it.4.Thanks to the Internet technology,the knowledge gets across among people regardless of time and space.5.For example,Khan Academy,an innovative online educational company,offers high-quality and free-of-charge cramming courses involving mathematics,physics and other high school subjects.6.Another renowned program called “Coursera” cooperates with top universities and puts online real lectures of top-notch professors for people to learn from at no cost.
整个段落一共6句话，第一句话是中心句，第二句到第四句是对比论证(没有网络的时候VS有了网络的时候)，第五句和第六句是两个例子。
论证方法实例分析2
再如：
1、In the first place,job satisfaction is becoming increasingly important in contemporary society.2.Due to the fierce competition and social pressure,whether workers can attain satisfaction in their positions determines how hardly they work,which also determines how many profits the company will get.3.My brother can be cited as a good example.4.At first,he worked in an international company which cared nothing for its employees but profits.5.He was forced to work for extra hours without extra salary in regular working time, which generated extreme tiredness and dissatisfaction.6.As a result,he soon changed the job into a more satisfying one which has more vacation,better working environment and more friendly relationships between colleagues.7.Now,my brother enjoys his job which creates great job satisfaction for him and works more assiduously.
整个段落一共7句话，第一句仍然是中心句，第二句用的是因果论证，第三句开始举了具体的个人例子。
因此，当中心句写完之后，到底写点什么来支撑一个段落的字数，考生可以从论证方法这个概念去思考。例如Body 1中心句之后可以先用因果论证，带一下原因，再将结果层层递进写几句话，结束之后字数肯定不够，那就想一下还有一种论证方法叫举例论证，能不能编一个例子出来。同理，Body 2还是先写中心句，接下来写一句因果，写一句对比(正反假设)，最后再来一组例子。简而言之，我们在思考的时候从论证方法出发，但是呈献给考官看的还是内容。论证方法只是便于我们快速想到写的内容的方向，总比绞尽脑汁直接想内容要简单得多。
如何让段落逻辑清晰?
在了解了怎样以最快速度想出理由段写点什么内容之后，还需要注意的一个问题是，有些人能“条理清晰地扯”，有些人“扯出了一团浆糊”。那么怎样才能让考官看着觉得这个段落逻辑清晰呢?笔者在看了很多官方范文及学生的高分文章后，发现了一个规律，好的文章段落有一个共同的逻辑层次，即由抽象到具体，上文两个段落的层次安排也是按照这样来进行的，中心句结束后进行解释，最后搬上例子。这样看来，文章理由段的写法也非常简单，按照上面的安排操作即可，根据论证方法配以具体的内容，一个段落就能轻松完成了。在此要强调的是，新托福作文中，主体段的例子是非常重要的，考生应该做到每一个段落都要有例子支持，当然并不一定是具体某个人的例子，可以是引用的研究结果，也可以使用排比的句式写出一组列举的例子。
篇2：托福独立写作怎么审题
一、审题的“精确性”
根据专家对于过去2年独立写作考题的分析，发现有90%以上的题目属于“支持/反对”型：
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?
Because the change of the society is so rapidly， people are less happy or less satisfied with their life than people did in the past time.
而剩下的则是由“对比论述型”构成的：
.03.13
Some people think children should spend most of their time in studying and playing while others think they should help their parents with the household chores. What’s your opinion?
在审题时，考生必须首先把题目通读1-3遍，彻底把握题目主旨后，方可进行段落布局。在这里，笔者结合自己的经验给考生们一些建议：首先，判断题目是否包含“绝对”含义的词，若有，则按照上篇讲过的建议布局，若没有，则对于同意或者反对的理由进行快速的brain storming， 然后根据分论点的数量及论点的可延展性来敲定立场：
Some people think that human needs for farmland， housing， and industry are more important than saving land for endangered animals. Do you agree or disagree with this point of view? Why or why not? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
Disagree：
1) Endangered animals are valuable because of their limited quantities
2) Environment balance
3) Endangered animals sometimes stand for the country， so they are more valuable than farmlands
Agree：
1) life quality is the top priority
2) endangered animals can be raised in the zoos
经过一番考量，假如考生得出了上述的一些分论点及想法，这时候，主体段的布局基本就可以敲定大方向了。第一种就是完全反对题目的说法，采用五段式结构布局，每个主体段论证上述三个分论点中的一个;第二种也是反对题目的说法，采用五段式结构布局，但是前2个主体段从三个分论点中选二个去论证，而第三个主体段从“同意”的二个分论点里去选一个，最后的结论还是倾向于反对的。
第三种是采用四段式结构布局，即第一个主体段从三个反对意见中选择二到三个分论点去写，而第二个主体段则从赞同的分论点里去选择，数量上比前一段少一个即可，最后结论还是倾向于反对多一点。这样说是不是有些同学看了会有点“晕”呢?那下面笔者就再举个简单点的例子吧：
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Television， newspapers， magazines， and other media pay too much attention to the personal lives of famous people such as public figures and celebrities. Use specific reasons and details to explain your opinion.
Disagree：
1) Most people are common， so they want to know something about famous ones
2) Famous people stand for some fashion
3) Constrain the public figures
4) Celebrities can improve the national cohesion and unity
又经过了几分钟思考，我们得出了上述的四个分论点，但是一时半会赞同的理由实在是想不出。若考试的时候遇到这种情况，千万别犹豫不决，马上从已经想好的观点里面进行挑选。于是，这个题目我们就采用完全反对的立场，以五段式结构布局全文，主体段的分论点从上述四点中挑选三个展开论述即可。这样一来，大家是不是明白一点了呢?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Parents or other adult relatives should make important decisions for their older (15 to 18 year-old) teenage children. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.
Agree： Parents make decision for children.
1) Parents have more experience
2) 15-18 years old children are not adults， so they can't take responsibility
还有一种情况就是我们只能想出两个分论点，这时候考生应该果断采用四段式布局，而这一次，两个主体段都分别论述一个同意的理由，而在结尾时，可以顺便提一些反对的理由，这样也不失为一种灵活的方法，希望考生们可以借鉴。
二、分论点的排列原则
专家提醒考生们，在布局的时候我们不是随意编排分论点的先后顺序，而是需要有一定的逻辑性和合理性。一般说来，五段式的三个主体段，若都是同意或者都是反对的理由的话，一般这些分论点有两种逻辑顺序，即第一种按照“重要性”来排，将你认为最主要的理由放在第一个主体段中详细论证;第二种是按照“小到大”的原则，即个人方面的理由先写，然后再是家庭，公司，最后再是社会，国家等。
倘若所有的论点都是在一个范围内的，比如都是属于个人的论点，则这个时候要看这些分论点后续的论证内容的多少，比如某一个分论点你既举得出例子，又可以进行对比或者因果论述的话那肯定应该先写这个分论点，若某一个分论点后续能够阐述的理由只有一句话的时候那就应该果断地将其排在后面写。若文章是四段式的结构，则在一个主体段中的排列顺序和前面讲的原则是一致的。
篇3：托福独立写作怎么审题
案例1：误解原意思
Do you agree or disagree: Because people are busy with doing so many things, they can do few things well?
Original：
Some people may hold the view that they are able to do things well even if they are busy with doing so many things simultaneously or during a given period. Although plausible at the first glance, I disagree with the statement. Depending on my own personal experience and personality, I firmly maintain that people can do few things well when they are busy with doing so many things. My arguments of this opinion are listed as follows.
解析：
文章第一句话不是对原题目意思进行解释，而是采用采取了和原意思相反的做法来进行题目诠释;第二句表明自己对误解题目的观点;第三句话对自己的观点进行近一步的解释;第四句一个过渡性的句子。开篇内容安排倒是很好，但是作者犯了误解原题目意思的错误导致后面整个文字都做了无用功。
Revised：
When people are engaged in a large extent of work simultaneously, they will not be able to perform all of them perfectly. Just imagine how terrible it will be: too many jobs need to be done by the same person in a given time. Once such a picture appears in my mind, I feel dizzy. To me, it is impossible to do everything well with the limited energy and many others factors .Therefore , I agree with the statement too many things to be done at the same time cause few to be well done . The reasons are as follow.
Revised：
第一句话对原题目意思进行了很好的诠释;第二、三句话进一步解释原题目;第四句话提出自己的观点;第五句话过渡性句子引起下文。
案例2 ：语言罗嗦，绕弯子给出自己观点，浪费时间
Some young adults want independence from their parents as soon as possible. Other young adults prefer to live with their families for a longer time. Which of these situations do you think is better? Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.
original：
With the development of science and technology, people’s living standard has been improving day by day. According to the family plan, one couple could have only one child. So child becomes the center of the whole family. Some of them are even spoiled. Therefore, I think it is better if the young adult could live independent from their parents as soon as possible.
解析：
这个开头看似没有任何问题，但是仔细分析就会发现很多问题。首先，作者绕了个大弯才给出自己的观点。其次，观点是对原题目的抄写，改动的比较少。最后，开篇缺少引起下文的过渡句。更大的错误是这个开头更像是一个全文主要观点的一个分论点。
Revised:
As we all know, some young adults have the sense of independence in a special period so that they want to choose to live apart from their family, while others still choose to stay with parents in the family. Family can provide young adults a warm bay where he or she could turn to whenever any problems arise. However, considering the sound development of the young adult both mentally and physically, I think to live independently the earlier, the better. Independence is a lesson that each of us must face one day. The detailed reasons are listed below.
解析：
第一句话诠释原题目意思;第二句话进一步解释第一句话;第三句话提出自己的观点;第四句话解释自己的观点，引出下文。
托福独立写作开篇第一段是整个文章的主机调，这个部分如果出现问题整个文章就会黯然失色。
篇4：托福独立写作怎么审题
审题，是写作的第一步，却经常被大家所忽略。有太多考生只着眼于如何写出漂亮的句子和高级的词汇，而没有搞清写作的本质--考察学生针对某一话题进行准确连贯表述的能力。这也是为什么很多同学虽然英语不弱，在托福考试的独立部分中却只能拿到 fai r或 good 当中较低的4分。那么到底怎样才能更加容易地拿到独立写作的满分呢? 笔者今天将通过列举以往考过的真题进行解析，告诉大家如何审题，换句话说，如何使高分变得更加achievable。
同学们考写作考了这么多年，大多数出题的形式都已烂熟于心，看到题目之后觉得熟悉于是兴冲冲提笔就写，其实，这种看似“熟练”的表象下藏着巨大的隐患--同学们很有可能因为看得太快而忽略某个决定题目意思的关键词。例如：
例1：
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Advertising is the only main cause for people's unhealthy eating habits.
看到这个题目，同学们立刻会开始想，有没有other reasons for unhealthy habits，想出三条如：1. People's tight schedules do not allow them to eat at regular hours; 2. Sometimes people are eager to lose weight or to keep fit so that they go on “endless diets”; 3. Bearing heavy burden both physically and mentally, some consider eating constantly as their most effective stress reliever. 综上所述，advertising is not the only cause.
这个写法看起来非常完备，但其实犯了一个不起眼却严重的错误--题目不是要我们证明it is not the only cause，而是要我们去证明it is not the only main cause。多一个“main”，意思是很不一样的。如果我们只需要证明it is not the only cause，那么找出other causes即可即例1中的写法。但是，如果我们要证明it is not the only main cause，就需要证明other causes that we mentioned are also main causes，这就需要在每一段中加上一些专门的说明。或者，更简单的办法是去证明advertising is not even a cause, 直接在每段的末尾加上advertising与该段所论述的unhealthy eating habit无关的论述即可。If it is not a cause, how can it be the onlymain cause? 这样一来，就不用通过证明还有其他main cause来反驳了，事实上，证明某种cause是main cause还是挺有难度的，因此笔者推荐同学们用后一种方式进行论述。因此，文章还是disagree，而三段的主题句分别应该是：1、1. People's tight schedules do not allow them to eat at regular hours, and it is obvious that they are too busy to be influenced by advertising; 2. Sometimes people are eager to lose weight or to keep fit so that they go on “endless diets”, and this is more like a result of human nature, the pursuit of beauty, but not advertising; 3. Bearing heavy burden both physically and mentally, some consider eating constantly as their most effective stress reliever, and it is quite clear that no advertising encourages them to do so.
例2：Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Colleges and universities should offer more preparation for student before they start working.
看到这个题目，很多同学会可能会这样写：Agree. 1. Students should take morespecializedcourses(专业课)in order to be knowledgeable and skillful enough for their future careers(接着开始论述being knowledgeable and skillful的重要性); 2.Participating in internships helps students to have a clearer picture of their vocational development in the future(接着开始论述，如果没有实过习，在工作的时候是多么地feel so unprepared); 3. Attending more club activities is an effective way to improve social skills, which are crucial for success both in life and at work(接着开始论述good social skills对职业和生活的帮助).如果不看括号里的内容，仅看主题句，这篇文章是没有任何问题的。然而，括号中的论述从严格意义上来讲，是不能支持“more”这个关键词的。举个简单的例子：“我们需要钱”和“我们需要更多钱”在证明的时候重点是不一样的。如果证明“我们需要钱”，应该详细
阐述钱的“不可或缺性”，比如生活、学习、教育都需要钱;但是如果证明“我们需要更多钱”，重点则应该放在“钱不够”的论述上，证明在学习、生活、教育方面的预算都很紧张。同样地，上面的题目中仅仅证明Knowledge for careers, field experience and social skills are important是不够的，事实上，这些根本不需要证明，需要证明的事情是graduates today are not well prepared in the three aspects. 因此这篇文章应该是一篇“抱怨型”的文章，详细地去论述学校工作的不足。参考思路如下：Agree. 1. Many students today complain that they cannot learn practical skills and up-to-date information, for some of their teachers are not qualified enough to teach specialized courses; 2. Since many students are not allowed enough time to participate in internship programs before graduation, they know very little about what their future jobs like; 3. Joining clubs is possible for every college student, yet not every club provide is capable of offering enough opportunities for students to practice their social skills.
同学们在写文章的时候一定要注意，学术论文写作不是句型和辞藻的堆砌，整篇文章一定是一个well-organized system，这个system中很重要的原则之二就是--
1、每个中间段的topic sentence是用来支持main idea的;
2、topic sentence后面的每句话都是用来支持该topic sentence的。在上面的两个例子中，大家会发现例1的错误主要是main idea没有很好地被topic sentence支持;而例2的错误在于topic sentence虽然看起来是支持main idea的，但是论述的内容可能跟关键词“more”无关，从而不能有力地支持topic sentences。这些错误的起因，则是对题干中关键词的忽略。
篇5：托福写作审题的技巧
托福写作审题的技巧
There are different types of TOEFL questions. You never know which question you will receive, so you must be prepared to write on ALL the types of questions. It is very important that you completely understand the question BEFORE you begin to write. Below are some different essay question types.
1. Choose a point of view and support that view.
Example: Some people believe that university students should be required to attend classes. Others believe that going to classes should be optional for students. Which point of view do you agree with? Use specific reasons and details to explain your answer.
This type of question asks you to look at only ONE side of the issue…the side you agree with. DON’T write about both sides. You tell which side you agree with and support your ideas with details and examples.
2. Describe something.
Example: If you could invent something NEW, what product would you develop? Use specific details to explain why this invention is needed?
In answering this type of question, you MUST be creative. It asks you to describe something NEW, something that does not exist. You must describe it in detail AND tell why it is necessary.
3. Compare two points of view and tell which one you agree with.
Example: Some people think that children should begin their formal education at a very early age and should spend most of their time on school studies. Others believe that young children should spend most of their time playing. Compare these two views. Which view do you agree with? Why?
In this type of question, you must write about BOTH sides of this issue and then tell which side you agree with. You may NOT say that you agree with both sides. You MUST make a choice. First, give support, details and examples of both sides of the issue. Then, tell which side you agree with and why.
4. Agree or disagree with something.
Example: Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: ONLY people who earn a lot of money are successful. Do you agree or disagree with this definition of success? Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.
In this type of question, you MUST agree or disagree. You cannot be unsure or indecisive. After you have said whether you agree or disagree, you must give convincing reasons and examples for your choice.
5. Explain why something is true.
Example: People remember special gifts or presents that they have received. Why? Give specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
In this question, you should use lots of examples. (For this question, you would use examples of gifts one might receive and tell why those gifts are memorable). Do not write in the first person, “I.” Write in more general terms.
6. Support an idea or plan.
Example: It has recently been announced that a new restaurant may be built in your neighborhood. Do you support or oppose this plan? Why? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.
In this question, first tell whether you support or oppose the plan and then tell why. Since this question is somewhat personal, it is ok to use personal pronouns such as: “I, me, my” in your answer.
托福写作高分满分范文点评和思路解析：学文科比理科更重要?
托福写作难点话题一览
Is it more important for students to study history and literature than to study science and mathematics?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is more important for students to study history and literature than it is for them to study science and mathematics. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.
写作思路展开结构分析
不能同意。这是个没有答案的比较 (it is a meaningless comparison; it is a comparison without definite answer)。学习历史文学确实很重要，但是说比学习科学数学更重要就没有什么道理了。 对不同的人，有不同的重要标准。考生可以建立自己的立场：所有的人都应该具备最基础的知识。
本话题高分范文赏析
I think that these academic subjects are equal to each other; one is not better or more important than the other. First of all, it is important for students to take the classes which they will excel at. If all students were to take history and literature, half of them would do terribly. Not all students have a literary mind; in fact, only about half of them do. Having a scientifically based mind is no better or worse than the alternative. It's hard to imagine that all the students are learning history and literature while no one study science and mathematics. If this was the case, a major portion of the world's knowledge would be lost. Science and mathematics students are constantly making important breakthroughs in their fields of research. If the number of students taking these subjects dramatically dropped because they were told it was less important than other subjects, this research would come to a grinding halt. Science and mathematics students come up with much of the theories behind how the world works, which are vastly important to society.In fact, students should be encouraged to take all subjects because there is no way of measuring which coursesare “better” than others. Everything a person can study has its own unique value. Whether this value is based on personal beliefs or the beliefs of society at large, everything is important in some way or another. Moreover, most academic disciplines are in fact interrelated. For example, historians sometimes have to employ some statistical knowledge while they are doing their research. At the same time, computer programmers will have a better understanding of their field if they are familiar about the history of computer science.One must take the courses one finds interesting, and not base his/her decisions on what others say are important. History and literature can be seen as a link to the past, whereas science and mathematics can be viewed as a link to the future. In this sense, no one is more relevant than the other because each field produces insights that the other has no way of grasping.
托福写作高分满分范文点评和思路解析：中学生要学习艺术音乐吗?
托福写作难点话题一览
Should all students be required to study art and music in secondary school?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? All students should be required to study art and music in secondary school. Use specific reasons to support your answer.
写作思路展开结构分析
尽管All是绝对修饰词，不过要注意，是secondary school(中学)。所以，不妨同意。因为仍然处于义务教育 (compulsory education)阶段。学习音乐艺术也是一种很好的休息，对所有的人都有好处。而且学科之间是相通的(interrelated; interlinked)，审美观念( aesthetic standards)的塑造对每个人、每种职业都很重要。另外这样也可以提高国民整体的文化素质 (审美方法 aesthetic approach; 审美观念 aesthetic standards; 审美教育 aesthetic education; 审美模式 aesthetic model; 审美能力 aesthetic judgment; 审美学 aesthetics; 审美意识 aesthetic consciousness)
本话题高分范文赏析
The authorities at secondary schools must make very important decisions regarding what will be considered to be the required curriculum for their students. I believe that art and music should be part of this required curriculum. Studying art and music makes a person more diverse and thoughtful. When one studies art and music, one is exposed to many different cultures and points of view. It allows the audience to perceive the world through a different set of eyes. It is also an excellent way to spark interest in other cultures and diverse ways of life. This promotes understanding and tolerance of others. It is also a porthole to peer into areas of many cultures, including one's own, that one would not readily have access to. This includes everything from social life to metaphysics to philosophy, etc. Furthermore, these subjects give the students an outlet for expressing their turbulent emotions during puberty.Art and music are also an excellent way to express emotions. In ancient times, many a troubled man turned to brush work or Chinese classical music to work out difficulties with life. Students of today's modern world have similar issues with life, and need an outlet to express these. Art and music, in any form, can assist one in dealing with personal issues. In addition, viewing art and listening to music are excellent ways to relax. When I am stressed because of life, one of my favorite activities is painting while listening to my preferred music. I find this activity to be very soothing and calming. Looking at works of art can have a similar effect, and when one understands the philosophy behind the work, it is that much more beneficial.Therefore, I believe that studying art and music in secondary school can be nothing but beneficial for the students. I would encourage all school districts to make these subjects part of their required curriculums.
篇6：托福独立写作如何正确审题
托福独立写作如何正确审题?确定立意是关键
一.托福独立写作如何确定立意
选择论点内在一定要有联系。这其实是整个立意阶段的重头。要立意，就是要明白自己表达的对象是什么，明确立场。然后站在这个立场上，挑选支持自己的论点。
托福写作破题结束后，第二要做的重要事项便是整理行文思路。破题过程其实是个发散思维的过程，而立意，则是要把思维收回来，组织化，理清它的脉络纹路，让他们按照自认为最有说服力的顺序排列好，准备落于纸上的过程。
二.如何确定好的立意
这个说服力的强弱，应该以什么标准判断呢?笔者认为，能说服读者的议论，在论点选择上应该遵循一个原则：
三个(或者两个)论点不能在层面上有交叉，但要符合一条明线：支持全文观点。而最打动读者的论点选择，不仅遵循上面的原则，三个看似不交叉的论点间还有一条暗线贯穿一致。令全文浑然天成，回味无穷。
托福写作辅导提到立意的地一步，按照上面的原则看，当然是先确定观点。以题目为例，笔者愿意选择否，食物易于准备降低了人们的生活质量。第一步踏出去了。
确定观点后，破题时得到的思维方向，明显不利于我的就应该排除。比如营养价值改变这一条，虽然速食文化的确对人体有害，但另一项速食：生疏和熟粗粮，就是向有益方向改变的，两者势均力敌，仅管是很容易想到，也很容易举例论证的论点，却不宜使用，因为如此贸然用了，有思维不缜密之嫌。然而，这毕竟是一块好啃的骨头，如果其他论点都不好论证，还可以回头捡起这一条来，隐去健康速食那个事实进行作文，当然，这依然是下下之选。
如果想写出好的托福独立写作作文，我们首先要确定好文章的立意，这是写作的基础，也是最先要完成的一步。如果立意不够，可能会导致偏题，或者不知道如何开始写文章，立意确定的好，可以给写作指明方向，让写作的过程变的异常轻松
如何提高托福写作 这些最常见的语法错误不能有
自从托福机考开始在全世界普及之后，托福写作部分也随之引入了电子考官(e-rater)进行写作评分。电子考官相较于普通考官，在托福写作的语法评分上表现得尤为苛刻。也正因如此，同学们在准备托福独立写作的时候，语法部分千万不能掉以轻心。
虽然很多同学的语法知识还算扎实，但在长期的教学和作文批改中，我发现同学们在应用过程中，常犯的语法错误还是挺多。其中最为普遍的就是以下句子里出现的错误。讲解之前，希望大家可以拿出纸笔，先自己试着改改。
1.A movie that inspires deep emotions.
2.I studied all night for the midterm, I’m sure I got an A.
3.Me and my brother are majoring in sports management.
4.Collecting seashells are my hobby.
5.Printed books are limited in space, however, space is not an issue for electronic ones.
6.There are many people prefer to wear clothes made of natural fibers.
7.A doctor’s salary is higher than a teacher.
8.Education for kid can be very costly.
找到它们的错误了吗?改好后，我们来看看答案，看看自己做得怎么样吧!
(注意：以下只给出了一种改正方法，但实际上可以有多种修正方式。理解错误原因是关键。)
1.A movie that inspires deep emotions.
2.I studied all night for the midterm, so I’m sure I got an A.
3.My brother and I are majoring in sports management.
4.Collecting seashellsismy hobby.
5.Printed books are limited in space; however, space is not an issue for electronic ones.
6.There are many people who prefer to wear clothes made of natural fibers.
7.A doctor’s salary is higher than a teacher’s.
8.Education for kids can be very costly.
对完答案，感觉怎么样?这个小练习我在课堂也经常做，通常来说，全部做对的同学较少，总有几句会有点问题。如果你全找对了，那你的语法功底很不错，恭喜你!如果没有，也不用灰心，这些问题都是可以改正的。只要你在意识到问题后，练习中自己多加注意并总结，就会有进步。
那说到底，这些句子的具体问题到底是什么呢?不用着急，接下来我们逐句分析。
01 Sentence Fragments
Sentence fragments，句子缺成分，就是指一个句子没有完整，通常来说，可能会缺失主语、谓语、宾语，有时也可能缺失从句或主句等等。
错误：A movie that inspires deep emotions.
这个句子本质上是缺失了谓语和宾语，去掉枝叶留主干，我们会发现这个句子只剩下A movie这一个主语，而没有其他构成句子所必需的谓语。补充完整可以是，A movie that inspires deep emotions seems good.
当然，也可以把that去掉，避免从句的结构，这样句子也是完整的，比如A movie inspires deep emotions.
托福写作中，同学们在短句中一般不会出现这样的错误，但是在写较长的句子，比如复合句等，有时因为添加太多修饰成分，会忘记主句并没有写完，导致出错。这点需要引起注意。
02 Run-on Sentences
Run-on Sentences，中文没有特别合适的翻译，指的就是两个或多个独立完整的句子，直接用逗号连接在一起，没有添加连词或者使用合适的标点符号。有时也被叫做comma splice。
这类错误在批改的学生习作中很常出现，也是较为严重的语法错误，希望同学们引起重视。
错误：I studied all night for the midterm, I’m sure I got an A.
这句话就是一个典型的run-on sentence。逗号前后都是完整独立的句子，用我们中文翻译就是“我所有的夜晚都在为期中考试学习，我很确定我得了A。”翻译看起来似乎完全没有问题，这是因为中文的语法没有太多对句间连接的规则，可以用逗号去连接所有的句子，这也是为什么会有“一逗到底”这样的写法出现。但在英文中，标点符号有它们明确的功能性，而句子不能仅用逗号去连接，“一逗到底”这种写法也是万万使不得的。
通常一个run-on的句子，我们有以下五种方法去改正：
a.把逗号换成句号。
I studied all night for the midterm.I’m sure I got an A.
b.用连词(常见连词FANBOYS: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so)去连接。
I studied all night for the midterm, soI’m sure I got an A.
c.把逗号换成分号。
I studied all night for the midterm;I’m sure I got an A.
d.逗号换分号之后，再加连接副词(however, therefore, etc.)
I studied all night for the midterm; therefore,I’m sure I got an A.
e.把其中一句变成从句，改成复合句。
BecauseI studied all night for the midterm, I’m sure I got an A.
03 Pronouns
代词因为可以替代前面出现的名词，大大简化句子，避免重复以及增强连贯性，因而很推荐学生们在文中使用。但代词的正确使用，也是同学们在托福中较常出现的问题。
错误：Me and my brother are majoring in sports management.
这句话中，Me作为“我”的代词，使用错误。一个代词的正确使用，首先需要注意它在句子中的作什么成分，主语?宾语?确定之后，再用相应的格式。
在错误句子中，“我”是做主语，所以应该换成I，而我们在讨论有其他人存在时，要先说其他人，所以正确的表达是My brother and I are majoring in sports management.
一句题外话，有同学可能会问，这里为什么是are不是am?很好的问题。这就是主谓一致的问题，可以补充下：当主语是用and连接的两者，那么谓语动词用复数形式。
04 Subject-Verb Agreement
主谓一致性。每句话中都会有主语和谓语动词，和中文不一样的是，在英语表达中，谓语动词是必须随着主语的变化而随之变化的。
一般同学们在这部分问题不大(复数主语的动词不加s，第三人称单数的动词需要加s)，但有些情况同学们容易搞混，比如前面给出的错误句子。
错误：Collecting seashells are my hobby.
这里需要注意的是，动名词(gerunds)即-ing，做主语，谓语动词通常是单数形式。
Colleting seashells is my hobby.
Writing letters is no longer necessary.
主谓一致这个话题其实除了动名词以外，还有很多细节和不同情况可说，但受篇幅所限，这里就不再展开。
05 Transitional Adverb
连接副词，也是在写作中很青睐的逻辑连接词，比如however, therefore, nevertheless, moreover, thus, hence 等等，都是非常好用，也能增加连贯性的词汇。但在使用中，同学们有时会把它们当做连词(conjunction)去直接连接两个句子，实际上，它们都是副词(transitional adverb)，在使用中需要和分号或者句号来使用。
错误：Printed books are limited in space, however, space is not an issue for electronic ones.
通过前面的讲解，所以上面这个错误很明显，就是however和逗号连用，本质上成了我们第二点所提到的run-on sentence，那么改法就和第二点里说到的五种方法一样了。最简单的，就是把中间的逗号改成分号，即Printed books are limited in space; however, space is not an issue for electronic ones.
06 There be
There be句式是同学们常用的一个句式，但在使用中需要注意的是，there be这里面已经包含了动词be，所以在后面继续添加动词时，需要使用从句，或者改成非谓语动词。
错误：There are many people prefer to wear clothes made of natural fibers.
比如这句里面，prefer就是这句的第二个动词，应该进行改动。
正确：There are many people whoprefer to wear clothes made of natural fibers.
正确：There are many people preferringto wear clothes made of natural fibers.
07 Comparison
比较对象一致性，这点也是在写作中比较常遇到的问题。因为托福写作通常会有二者比较，甚至三者比较，那么同学们在写作中，进行两者的优缺点比较的时候，尤其要注意自己是否做到了比较对象的一致。
错误：A doctor’s salary is higher than a teacher.
这个句子就是错将“医生的工资”和“老师”进行比较，正确的应该是“医生的工资”和“老师的工资”进行比较。即应该是：A doctor’s salary is higher than a teacher’s.
08 Countable Nouns
在英文中，需要注意区分的是名词的可数和不可数性。可数名词在使用中，如果是泛指(这在托福写作中尤其常用，当你想说明一个普遍的道理时，通常都会泛指引出)，那么注意需要在此类名词前加不定冠词(如a/an)等，如果刚好不是指某一个，而是指一个群体，那么注意，需要用复数形式。这即是我们常说的“可数名词不裸奔”规则。
错误：Education for kid can be very costly.
这句话中kid就是可数名词，因为这里是说明“孩子的教育可能会很贵”，孩子在这只是泛指，因此kid应该改成kids，即正确的句子应该是：Education for kids can be very costly.
当然，这里所列举的语法错误，只是同学们较为普遍的错误，受篇幅和时间所限，只讲解了很小一部分，但这些错误认真理解后，基本能解决大家一大半的语法问题。同学们可以比对自己平时练习的作文，进行自我修正。每次记录、总结自己常犯的语法错误类型，在第二次练习时争取不犯，这样使自己的表达越来越精准。若想精益求精，系统学习语法也不失为一个好方法。
篇7：托福独立写作审题2大误区
同学们考写作考了这么多年，大多数出题的形式都已烂熟于心，看到题目之后觉得熟悉于是兴冲冲提笔就写，其实，这种看似“熟练”的表象下藏着巨大的隐患——同学们很有可能因为看得太快而忽略某个决定题目意思的关键词。例如：
例1：
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Advertising is the only main cause for people’s unhealthy eating habits.
看到这个题目，同学们立刻会开始想，有没有other reasons for unhealthy habits，想出三条
如：1. People’s tight schedules do not allow them to eat at regular hours;
2. Sometimes people are eager to lose weight or to keep fit so that they go on “endless diets”;
3. Bearing heavy burden both physically and mentally, some consider eating constantly as their most effective stress reliever.
综上所述，advertising is not the only cause.
这个写法看起来非常完备，但其实犯了一个不起眼却严重的错误——题目不是要我们证明it is not the only cause，而是要我们去证明it is not the only main cause。多一个“main”，意思是很不一样的。如果我们只需要证明it is not the only cause，那么找出other causes即可即例1中的写法。但是，如果我们要证明it is not the only main cause，就需要证明other causes that we mentioned are also main causes，这就需要在每一段中加上一些专门的说明。或者，更简单的办法是去证明advertising is not even a cause, 直接在每段的末尾加上advertising与该段所论述的unhealthy eating habit无关的论述即可。If it is not a cause, how can it be the only main cause? 这样一来，就不用通过证明还有其他main cause来反驳了，事实上，证明某种cause是main cause还是挺有难度的，因此笔者推荐同学们用后一种方式进行论述。因此，文章还是disagree，而三段的主题句分别应该是：
1.People’s tight schedules do not allowthem to eat at regular hours, and it is obvious that they are too busy to be influenced by advertising;
2. Sometimes people are eager to lose weight or to keep fit so that they go on “endless diets”, and this is more like a result of human nature, the pursuit of beauty, but not advertising;
3. Bearing heavy burden both physically and mentally, some consider eating constantly as their most effective stress reliever, and it is quite clear that no advertisingencourages them to do so.
例2：Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Colleges and universities should offer more preparation for student before they start working.
看到这个题目，很多同学会可能会这样写：Agree. 1. Students should take more specialized courses (专业课)in order to be knowledgeable and skillful enough for their future careers(接着开始论述being knowledgeable and skillful的重要性); 2. Participating in internships helps students to have a clearer picture of their vocational development in the future(接着开始论述如果没有实过习，在工作的时候是多么地feel so unprepared); 3. Attending more club activities is an effective way to improve social skills, which are crucial for success both in life and at work(接着开始论述good social skills对职业和生活的帮助).
如果不看括号里的内容，仅看主题句，这篇文章是没有任何问题的。然而，括号中的论述从严格意义上来讲，是不能支持“more”这个关键词的。举个简单的例子：“我们需要钱”和“我们需要更多钱”在证明的时候重点是不一样的。如果证明“我们需要钱”，应该详细阐述钱的“不可或缺性”，比如生活、学习、教育都需要钱;但是如果证明“我们需要更多钱”，重点则应该放在“钱不够”的论述上，证明在学习、生活、教育方面的预算都很紧张。同样地，上面的题目中仅仅证明Knowledge for careers, field experience and social skills are important是不够的，事实上，这些根本不需要证明，需要证明的事情是graduates today are not well prepared in the three aspects. 因此这篇文章应该是一篇“抱怨型”的文章，详细地去论述学校工作的不足。参考思路如下：Agree. 1. Many students today complain that they cannot learn practical skills and up-to-date information, for some of their teachers are not qualified enough to teach specialized courses; 2. Since many students are not allowed enough time to participate in internship programs before graduation, they know very little about what their future jobs like; 3. Joining clubs is possible for every college student, yet not every club provide is capable of offering enough opportunities for students to practice their social skills.
同学们在写文章的时候一定要注意，学术论文写作不是句型和辞藻的堆砌，整篇文章一定是一个well-organized system，这个system中很重要的原则之二就是——1、每个中间段的topic sentence是用来支持main idea的;2、topic sentence后面的每句话都是用来支持该topic sentence的。在上面的两个例子中，大家会发现例1的错误主要是main idea没有很好地被topic sentence支持;而例2的错误在于topic sentence虽然看起来是支持main idea的，但是论述的内容可能跟关键词“more”无关，从而不能有力地支持topic sentences。这些错误的起因，则是对题干中关键词的忽略。
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