备战高考情态动词用法练与析
“hongyingtao”通过精心收集，向本站投稿了7篇备战高考情态动词用法练与析，以下是小编整理后的备战高考情态动词用法练与析，希望能够帮助到大家。
篇1：备战高考情态动词用法练与析
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. - Has Li Lin started? He said he would join in the party.
- He ______. He is a man of keeping his word.
A. could have left B. must have left
C. can’t come D. won’t be coming
2. - May I park my car here?
- No, you ______. No car is allowed to park here.
A. may not B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. daren’t
3. - Excuse me, could you tell me where the Yajia Supermarket is?
- It’s two blocks straight ahead. You ______ miss it.
A. mustn’t B. can’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t
4. - I saw Mr. Sun at Tongyu Station this morning.
- You ______. He’s still on holiday in Hawaii.
A. couldn’t have B. mustn’t have
C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
5. - How about paying a visit to Dr. Wang, our former Chinese teacher?
- Good idea. I will e-mail him today so that he ______ know ______ to expect us.
A. shall; why B. could; when C. would; what D. will; how
6. Everything has two sides. Beautiful songs, sometimes, ______ be just noise to others.
A. must B. may C. should D. could
7. Someone ______ my umbrella. I found it wet yesterday.
A. must be using B. must have used
C. must use D. must have been using
8. - How dangerous it was!
- Yes, but for the passer-by’s quick action, the girl ______.
A. was drowned B. could have been drowned
C. had drowned D. should be drowned
9. You ______ scold such a pupil who always keeps silent so seriously that you ______ hurt him.
A. should; can B. may; will
C. mustn’t; may D. can’t; must
10. - Why does Alice know so much about Angkor Wat?
- She ______ have been there, or ...
A. must B. oughtn’t to C. may D. can’t
11. - You may laugh, but I’ve been thinking of becoming a vegetarian.
- Oh, you ______ be crazy. You will be hungry all the time.
A. must B. may C. will D. need
12. - What’s the matter with you?
- Oh, I’m not feeling well in the stomach. I ______ so much fried fish just now.
A. shouldn’t eat B. mustn’t have eaten
C. shouldn’t have eaten D. mustn’t eat
13. - ______ he have been chosen as captain of the football team?
- Yes, he ______.
A. Can; must have B. Must; must have
C. Can; must D. Must; must
14. Mr. Zhang ______ in Shanghai tomorrow morning.
A. can have arrived B. will have arrived
C. may have arrived D. must have arrived
15. Miss Wang started at 8 o’clock, and she ______ be there now.
A. should B. can C. can’t D. need
16. - It must be Mr. Li who did it.
- No, it ______ be Mr. Li.
A. mustn’t B. wouldn’t C. can’t D. may
17. You ______ finish reading the book as soon as possible.
A. may B. can C. need D. should
18. - Need you go to work now?
- Yes, I ______.
A. must B. need C. can D. dare
19. Your trousers are dirty. ______ them for you?
A. Shall I wash B. Will I wash
C. Am I going to wash D. Am I washing
20. You are late for school today. You ______ to school earlier.
A. ought to come B. should have come
C. ought have come D. should come
21. We must learn from Lei Feng, ______ we?
A. may B. can’t C. don’t D. needn’t
22. She must be hungry, ______ she?
A. isn’t B. needn’t C. doesn’t D won’t
23. He ought to come here early, ______ he?
A. would B. should C. didn’t D. shouldn’t
24. You used to smoke, ______ you?
A. used to B. don’t C. didn’t D. shouldn’t
25. You ought ______ for what you haven’t done.
A. not to be punished B. not be punished
C. to not punished D. to not be punished
26. ______ you please tell me the way to the post office?
A. Must B. Need C. Would D. Should
27. I’m sure he ______ have the computer sooner or later.
A. shall B. can C. must D. would
28. It is important that we ______ learn how to drive.
A. have to B. should C. need D. shall
答案及解析：
1. B。从He is a man of keeping his word中可以看出，李林肯定已经出发来参加聚会了，这是对已经发生的事情非常肯定的推测，故用must have done。注意must表推测时，不能用于否定句和疑问句中。
2. C。此题考查以情态动词提问的一般疑问句的回答。在英语中，以某些情态动词提问的句子，出于礼貌委婉或句意的需要，回答时，要换用另一个情态动词。在回答must开头的一般疑问句时，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to；在回答may开头的一般疑问句时，肯定回答用may，否定回答用mustn’t；在回答need开头的一般疑问句时，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn’t。
3. B。根据题意，此处需要表示“推测”的否定结构，故can’t为正确答案。
4. A。这是一个省略句，couldn’t have done表示对过去发生的动作的否定推测，意为“不可能……”。
5. B。这是一个综合题。本题so that后的目的状语从句中的谓语动词要用“情态动词（ may / might / can / could ） + 动词原形”。When to expect us表示“我们什么时候可到达”。“疑问词+不定式”结构在句中作know的宾语。
6. B。由sometimes可知，此处应用表示可能性不大的情态动词，即may。
7. B。由后句可知，这是对过去发生的事情的肯定推测，故B项正确。
8. B。but for的意思是“要不是”，语法功能上等同于if 引导的否定虚拟条件句，因前句中How dangerous it was可知应与过去事实相反。
9. C。mustn’t表示“不准许”，may表示可能性，所以C正确。
10. C。句意：她或许到过那里，或者……。or ... 是重要的信息，说明还有其他的可能性。A的说法太绝对，与or ... 提供的信息冲突。
11. A。must表示的把握最大，may表示有可能，need不表示推测，will表示将来。根据句意可知A正确，表明对对方的不理解和责备，语气比较坚决。
12. C。shouldn’t have done 表示“本不该做……，但实际上却做了”。
13. A。疑问句中可以用can, 肯定句用must。
14. B。will + have done，表示对将来必然进程的猜测。
15. A。should 表示主观性猜测，译为“应该”。
16. C。can’t 表示否定的猜测，侧重于主观判断，译为“决不会；不可能”。
17. D。should表示劝告某人应该做某事。
18. A。need引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答应用must。
19. A。Shall I ... ？是征求对方意见时常用的句型。
20. B。should have done表示“过去某件事应该做而实际上没有做”，此处含有责备之意，也可用ought to have come。
21. D。反意疑问句中，当must作“必须”解时，可以用needn’t / mustn’t构成附加疑问句。
22. A。反意疑问句中，陈述部分的must表示对现在情况推测时，附加疑问句中通常依据must后面的动词形式确定助动词。
23. D。反意疑问句中，陈述部分的谓语有ought to 时，附加疑问句中应用shouldn’t 或oughtn’t。
24. C。反意疑问句中，陈述部分的谓语有used to 时，附加疑问句中应用didn’t 或usedn’t。
25. A。ought to 的否定式是ought not to。
26. C。Would you please ... ？是向对方提出请求或询问时常用的婉转而有礼貌的句型。
27. A。主语是第三人称时，shall表示说话人给对方的“允诺；命令；指示；意愿”。
28. B。在It is important / impossible / necessary that ... 句型中，that从句的谓语用“( should + ) 动词原形”。
篇2：情态动词用法讲与练
湖南隆回一中 罗玉南
五、should在虚拟语气中的运用
1、在if引导的条件状语从句中，若表示与将来事实相反的假设，条件句的谓语动词可以用“should ＋动词原形”；若if省略， should应提到句首，构成部分倒装。例如：
If it should snow tom orrow ，the m eet- ing would be put off．
如果明天下雪的话，运动会就会推迟。
13．_____it rain tomorrow，we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge．（94上海）鶤．Were鶥．Should鶦．Would D．Will
2、动词arrange（安排，筹划），command（命令，要求），demand（要求，需要），desire（要求，渴望），insist（坚决主张），order，propose（主张，提议），request，require，suggest（建议）等后跟宾语从句时，谓语动词应用“（should）＋动词原形”。例如：
14．The guard at the gate insisted that everyone __________ the role．（MET85）
A．obeying鶥．obey鶦．will obey鶧．would obey
15.Jane's face suggested that she __________ ill，and her parents suggested that she______ a medical examination．（95上海）
A．be；should have鶥．was；have鶦．should be；had鶧．was；has
The doctor ordered that she（should） stay in bed for another week．
医生嘱咐她应该躺在床上再呆一周。
He proposed that we（should）go there by plane．他主张我们应该乘飞机去那里。
3、名词advice，idea，order，demand， plan，proposal（主张），suggestion，request等后跟表语从句或同位语从句时，其谓语动词用“（should）＋动词原形”。例如：
We all agreed to his suggestion that we（should）go to Hangzhou for sightseeing．
我们都同意他的建议我们应该到杭州去观光旅游。
My advice is that we（should）do more eye exercises every day．
我的建议是我们每天应该多做眼保健操。
4、在主语从句的下列三种句型中，主句的谓语动词应用“（should）＋动词原形”。
（1）It is necessary（important，impossible，strange，natural．．．）that．．．
（2）It is a pity（a shame．．．）that．．．
（3）It is suggested（requested，ordered，desired．．．）that．．．例如：
It is necessary that we should send for a doctor．我们很有必要派人请个医生来。
It is requested that Miss Gao（should） give a perform ance at the m eeting．
人们要求高小姐应该在大会上进行一场演出。
It is a pity that he（should）be so careless．他竟如此粗心真是令人遗憾。
六、should可以用来表示惊奇、惶惑、不满、惋惜、忧虑等情绪。例如：
16.You can't imagine that a well-behaved gentleman ________be so rude to a lady．（上海）鶤．might B．need C．should D．would
Never did he expect that the conditions should be so terrible．他从来没有料到情况竟如此可怕。
七、should可以表示谦逊、委婉之意，意为“可……；倒……”。例如：
Should you like to drink some beer？你是否喜欢喝点啤酒？
He should expect their team to win the match．他倒是希望他们队能赢得这场比赛。
八、should可以用于较强语气的假设情形中，表示“竟然；万一”之意。例如：
If he should fail to come，ask John to go there in his place．万一他不能来就叫约翰代替他去。
Should it blow hard，we would not go out for a picnic．万一明天刮大风，我们就无法去野餐了。
九、should用于目的状语从句或in case引导的条件状语从句中时，相当于might，含有“会；可以”之意。例如：鶷hey got up early so that they should catch up the first flight in time．
他们很早起床以便能及时赶上首班飞机。
He took him along with an umbrella in case it should rain．
他随身带了一把雨伞，以防天可能下雨。
又如：
-The room is so dirty． ＿＿＿＿＿we clean it﹖
-Of course．煩(北京)牘
A． Will B． Shall鶦． Would鶧． Do
简析：问句表示征求对方的意见，故本题选B。
It’s nearly seven o’clock． Jack＿＿＿＿ be here at any moment．(NMET’95)牘
A． must鶥． need C． should鶧． can
简析：本题应选C。should在本题中表示推测，意为“很可能”。又如：
-When can I come for the photos﹖ I need them tomorrow afternoon．
-They ＿＿＿＿ be ready by 1200．(NMET’98)牘
A． can鶥． should C． might鶧． need
简析：本题应选B。should在本题中表示应该。
热点五：“情态动词＋have＋过去分词”常见句型及用法
句型1：should (ought to) have＋过去分词
表示过去应该做而（实际）没有做的事情。含有责备或遗憾的语气，意为“本应该……”。其否定形式为“should not／ought not to have ＋ 过去分词”。如：
We ＿＿＿＿ last night，but we went to the concert instead．(MET’92)牘
A． must have studied B． might study
C． should have studied D． would study
简析：本题中的一个关键词but暗示了“我们不应去听音乐会，而应学习”。故本题选C。
句型2：needn’t have＋过去分词
表示过去没有必要做某事, 但实际上做了某事。如：
There was plenty of time． She ＿＿＿＿＿．(MET’87)牘
A． mustn’t have hurried鶥． couldn’t have hurried
C． must not hurry D． needn’t have hurried
简析：本题的前一句暗示了一个条件，后一句则是由这个条件得出的结论。故本题选D。
句型3：must have＋过去分词
意为“过去一定做过某事”，表示一种很有把握的推测。注意，对过去发生情况的否定推测常用can’t／couldn’t have ＋过去分词。如：
I didn’t hear the phone． I ＿＿＿＿＿＿asleep．(MET’89)牘
A． must be B． must have been鶦． should be鶧． should have been
简析：本题应选B。本题的前一句说明一个结果，后一句则表示一个原因。
I didn’t see her in the meeting room this morning．She ＿＿＿ at the meeting．(上海’91)
A． mustn’t have spoken B． shouldn’t have spoken
C． needn’t have spoken鶧． couldn’t have spoken
简析：从题意上分析，本题的前一句陈述一个理由，后一句则是由前一句得出的结论。故本题选D。
句型4：may／might have＋过去分词
表示对过去情况的一种不太有把握的（可能性）推测，意为“或许／可能做过某事”。另外，用于虚拟语气时，通常用might。如：
He ＿＿＿＿＿you more help even though he was very busy． (MET’90)牘
A． might have given B． might give
C． may have given D． may give
简析：本题应选A。全句意为“即使再忙，他也可能再多给你一些帮助的”。
句型5：could have＋过去分词
表示“（过去）本来可以（能够）做某事，但实际上没有做到”。如：
-I stayed at a hotel while in New York．
-Oh, did you﹖ You ＿＿＿＿ with Barbara．(NMET’98)牘
A． could have stayed鶥． could stay
C． would stay D． must have stayed (Key: A)
情态动词专练
从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1．Jenny＿＿＿＿have kept her word．I wonder why she changed her mind．(MET1992)牘鶤．must B．should C．need D．would
2．-Could I borrow your dictionary﹖ -Yes, of course you ＿＿＿＿．(MET1992)牘鶤．might B．will C．can D．should
3．It’s nearly seven o’clock．Jack ＿＿＿＿ be here at any moment．(NMET1995)牘鶤．must B．need C．should鶧．can
4．The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ＿＿＿get out．(NMET)牘
A．had to B．would鶦．could D．was able to
5．Mr Brown, many students want to see you, ＿＿they wait here or outside﹖ A．shall鶥．will鶦．can鶧．would
6.The monitor must be in the reading-room,_____﹖
A．mustn’t B．doesn’t C．needn’t D．isn’t
7．Dr Baker must have given a good speech at the conference yesterday, ＿＿he﹖ A．mustn’t B．didn’t C．needn’t D．isn’t
8．-When can I come for the photos﹖ I need them tomorrow afternoon．
-They ＿＿＿＿ be ready by 12:00(NMET)
A．can B．should C．might D．need
9．I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I ＿＿＿＿ for her．(NMET1994)
A．had to write it out鶥．must have written it out
C．should have written it out D．ought to write it out
10．He hardly ＿＿say anything more, since you know all about it．
A．don’t鶥．needn’t鶦．needs鶧．need
11．-Alice looks sad．Did you tell her about the news？-Yes，but I __________ her later．
A．should have told鶥．shouldn't have told鶦．must have told鶧．needn't have told
12．You __________ this morning，if you really wanted to see it yourself．
A．ought to come鶥．may have come鶦．ought to have come鶧．could come
13．-You ought to have come here ten minutes ago．-I __________ ，but the train was late．
A．ought to鶥．ought to have鶦．ought鶧．have ought to
14． __________ he come，the problem would be settled．
A．Would鶥．Should鶦．Shall D．If
15．It is necessary that a college student__________at least a foreign language．
A．masters B．should master鶦．may master鶧．can master
16．Most of the mem bers demanded that the meeting __________ till Friday．
A．should put off鶥．not be put off鶦．wouldn't be put off鶧．can not put off
17．It's unfair that you __________ treat him like that．
A．can鶥．may鶦．need鶧．should
18．I __________ advise you not to do that again in the future．
A．dare B．would C．should鶧．need
19．When I went out，whom __________ I meet but our old friend？
A．should鶥．could C．might D．would
20．Tom __________ at the gate of the cinem a now．
A．should have waited鶥．should be waiting鶦．might wait D．would wait
21.”What you want, you ____ have it on condition that you get the best result,” said the boss.
A. would B. ought to鶦. shall鶧. could
22.---What’s wrong with your car? ---I don’t know. It just _____ start.
A. mustn’t鶥 couldn’t C. wouldn’t D. shouldn’t
23.You _____ to the meeting this afternoon if you have something important to do.
A. needn’t to come B. don’t need come C.don’t need coming D. needn’t come
24.---May I pick a flower in the garden ? ---______.
A. No, you needn’t鶥.Not,please C. No,you mustn’t D. No,you won’t
25.---Helen, will you be at the party tonight ?
---Yes, but I have so much homework to do that I really _______.
A. won’t鶥 .can’t鶦. mustn’t D. shouldn’t
26.I was really anxious about you. You ______ home without a word.
A. mustn’t leave B .shouldn’t have left C. couldn’t have left D.needn’t leave
27.Jenny _____ with him at that time,for I was having dinner with her in my home.
A.can’t have been B.mustn’t have been C .must be鶧.may be
28.If you listen to me,you _____ have some candies,Deary.
A.shall鶥.may鶦.will鶧.must
29.Peter ____ come with us tonight,but he isn’t very sure yet.
A.may鶥.can鶦.will鶧.must
30.He ____ you more help,even though he was very busy.
A.might have given B.might give C.may have given D.may give
31.There is plenty of time.She ______.
A.mustn’t have hurried B.couldn’t have hurried
C.must not hurry鶧.needn’t have hurried
32.The plant is dead.I ______ it more鷚ater.
A.will give B.would have given鶦.must give D.should have given
33.---Dare you go home at night ?----_________.
A.Yes,I do鶥.No,I daren’t C.No,I don’t D.Yes,I dare so.
34.When you go abroad,do you _____ take your passport ?
A.have to鶥.ought to鶦.be able to D.need
35.---You must phone us every week. ----Yes,I _____.
A.must鶥.have to C.will鶧.should
36.---Your language teacher looks a rather kind woman.
----But in fact she is cold and hard on us.You _____ believe it.
A.should B.wouldn’t鶦.mustn’t D.might not.
37.A wise man __ sometimes make a mistake. A.can B.may鶦.might鶧.must
38.Don’t get the ink on your shirt,for it _________. A.won’t wash out
B.won’t be washed out鶦.doesn’t wash out鶧.can’t be washed out
39.---Is your father still an engineer ? ----_______.
A.Yes,he was鶥.He didn’t use to鶦.No,but he used to鶧.No,but he used to be
40.There are so many people in the street that I _____ get through.
A.can’t鶥.couldn’t C.needn’t D.mustn’t
41.The classroom is empty.They must have gone to the sportsground,________?
A.don’t they鶥.didn’t they C.haven’t they鶧.hadn’t they
42.---You ought to have come earlier.---Yes,I ______.But the traffic was heavy.
A.ought to B.should鶦.must have鶧.should have
43.Last night he hurt his leg,but at last he ______ get home safely.
A.could鶥.can C.dare鶧.was able to
44.---Shall I tell John about it ? ----No,you ______.I’ve told him already.(1994)
A.needn’t B.wouldn’t C.mustn’t D.shouldn’t
45.Tom ought not to_____ me your secret,but he meant no harm.(1993)
A.have told鶥.tell鶦.be telling D.having told
46.It’s already seven o’clock.Jack _____ be here at any moment.(1995)
A.must B.need鶦.should D.can
47.---When can I come for the photos ? I need them tomorrow afternoon.
----They _____ be ready by 12:00.(1998) A.can B.should C.might D.need
48.---I stayed at a hotel while in New York.
---Oh,did you ? You _____ with Barbara.(1998)
A.could have stayed鶥.could stay C.would stay鶧.must have stayed
49.Sorry I’m late. I ___ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.
( spring) A.might B.should鶦.can D.will
50.---Are you coming to Jeff’s party ?----I’m not sure.I _____ go to the concert instead.(2000)鶤.must鶥.should鶦.would D.might
51.---Write to me when you get home.----________.(2001 Spring)
A.I must鶥.I should鶦.I will鶧.I can
52.---I hear you have got a set of valuable Australian coins. _____ I have a look ?
---Yes,certainly. ( Spring)
A.Do鶥.May鶦.Shall D.Should
53.---Is John coming by train ?
--- He should,but he ______ not.He likes driving his car. (2002)
A.must鶥.can鶦.need D.may
情态动词讲与练答案
情态动词＋have done: 1-5 ADAAA6-10 CDDCA
Key:1-5 BCCDA 6-10 DBBCD
11-15 A C B B B 16-20 B D C A B
21-25CCDCB26-30BAAAA31-35DDBAC36-40AAADA
41-45CDDAA46-50CBAAD 51-53CBD
篇3：情态动词用法讲与练
湖南隆回一中 罗玉南
I.情态动词+have done的用法
“情态动词＋have done”是历年高考的热点，但有些同学对这一结构不甚了解。为了便于同学们学习，现将这种结构的两种主要用法借表归纳如下。
一、表示对过去情况的推测或估计
所用的句式 意义
must have done 肯定句 一定（已经）……
may ／might have done 肯定句 可能／大概（已经）……否定句可能还没有……
can ／could have done 否定句 不可能（已经）……疑问句 可能／也许（已经）……了吗？
说明：1眒ight ／could有时并不是may ／ can的过去式，而是表示一种委婉的语气或更小的可能性。2眒ight have done有时可用于疑问句中，此时might就相当于can ／could。
二、表示对过去所发生的事情的遗憾或责备
所用的句式 意义
should ／ought to have done 肯定句，否定句， 疑问句 本来（不） 应该……的
might／could have done 肯定句 本来能够／可以……的
need have done 否定句 本不必要……的
had better have done 肯定句，否定句， 疑问句 要是（没有）干了……就好了
would rather have done 同上 本来想做……（却未做）
说明：1．might have done有时可表示对过去发生事情的庆幸，意为“差点儿……”。如：
Didn't you see that car nearly hit me？I might have been killed．
你难道没看见那辆小车差点儿撞上了我吗？我差点就没命了。
2币注意needn't have done与didn't need to do的差别。
He needn't have come．他本没有必要来。（实际却来了）
He didn't need to come．他没有必要来。（实际也没来）
同学们在做有关“情态动词＋have done”练习时，在掌握这一结构的两种基本用法的同时，还要仔细体会题干所提供的语言信息，准确理解语言环境和说话人的含意，尤其要注意题干中时态给予的暗示。
巩固练习：（练习题均为高考题）
1．-I stayed at a hotel while in New York．-Oh，did you？You ____ with Barbara．
A．could have stayed B．could stay鶦．would stay D．must have stayed
2．I didn't see her in the meeting room this morning．She ____鷄t the meeting．
A．mustn't have spoken B．shouldn't have spoken
C．needn't have spoken D．couldn't have spoken
3．He ____鷜ou more help，even though he was busy．
A．might have given B．might give鶦．may have given鶧．may give
4．-I saw our teacher in the office just now．-You ____鷋er，she is still abroad．
A．can't have seen B．mustn't have seen鶦．needn't have seen D．shouldn't have seen
5．Kate is already two hours late．What ____ to her？
A．can have happened B．may have happened鶦．should have happened D．must have happened
6．We ____鷏ast night，but we went to the concert instead．
A．must have studied B．might study鶦．should have studied D．would study
7．There was plenty of time．She ____ ．
A．mustn't have hurried鶥．couldn't have hurried鶦．mustn't hurry鶧．needn't have hurried8．Yesterday，Jane walked away from the discussion．Otherwise，she ____鷖omething she would regret later．
A．had said鶥．said C．might say鶧．might have said
9．-Did you scold him for his mistake？-Yes，but ____鷌t．
A．I'd rather not do B．I'd better not do
C．I'd better not have done D．I'd rather have not done
10．Sorry，I'm late．I ____鷋ave turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again．
A．might鶥．should C．can鶧．will
II. 情态动词难点透视
英语中的情态动词虽然为数不多，但是要掌握好它们的用法并不容易。本文结合同学们在使用情态动词时不易掌握的难点谈几点看法。
1.can表示可能性时，指的是理论上的可能，它通常不用来表示某事实际发生的可能性或真实性。如：
Accidents can happen．Anybody can make mistakes．
如果我们要表达某事发生的实际可能性，要用may,could或might等。
We may spend our summer holidays in Hangzhou this year．
Will you answer the telephone﹖ It could／may／might be your mother．
2.could用来征求意见时，语气要比can委婉，但在回答问题时我们不能用could,因为语气委婉，可能性就变小了。如：
-Could I use your telephone﹖-Yes, please go ahead．
3.在过去时态的肯定句中需要某种条件或努力做成某事，我们要用was／were able to而不能用could。如：
It was a holiday and the children were able to go to the seaside．
The girl worked hard焥o she was able to pass the final test．
4．must与have to都可以表示“必须”的意思，但要注意以下两点区别。
1) must只有现在时，而have to有现在时、过去时和将来时。如：
We must work hard, or we’ll fail in the examination．
Two years ago, the poor girl had to leave school for lack of money．
2) must表示主观看法，have to则侧重于客观需要。如：
We must be strict with ourselves in everything．
In cities with many cars, some people have to wear masks．
5．must表示推测时，其反意问句有好几种形式。
1) “must＋动词原形”对目前的情况进行推测时以及用must＋be＋-ing形式对目前正在发生的情况进行推测时，疑问短语部分要与must之后的动词相一致。如：
The mathematics teacher must be in the office now, isn’t he﹖
2) “must＋have＋过去分词”用来表示对已经发生的事情进行推论。如果句子中有过去的时间状语，疑问部分用助动词didn’t牱裨颍疑问部分用haven’t或hasn’t。如：
The children must have watered the tomatoes yesterday, didn’t they﹖
The minister must have arrived in Shanghai, hasn’t he﹖
6．shall可以用来征求对方意见。用于第一、三人称。此外它也可以用来表示说话人的命令、警告、允诺、威胁或决心等，这时它用于第二、三人称。如：
Shall she go to the concert with us this evening﹖ (征求意见)
You shall go to the front at once．(命令)
Don’t worry．You shall get the answer this very afternoon．
（允诺）鶫e shall be sorry one day．I tell you．(警告)
Nothing shall stop us from fighting against pollution．(决心)
7．在表示将来的时间、条件状语从句中，不能用will（这时的will不是情态动词，而是助动词，帮助构成将来时）。如：
If it will rain tomorrow, we shall not go to the mountain village．(误)
If it rains tomorrow, we shall not go to the mountain village．(正)
当情态动词will表示意愿或决心时，是可以用于条件状语从句的。如：
If you will listen to me, I’ll give you some advice on how to learn English．
如果你愿意听我的话，我将给你提点学习英语的建议。
If you will come this way，the manager will meet you．
请您往这边走，经理现在要见你。
8．should除表示必要或义务外，还可表示推测或可能。如：
The American friends should be here now．
“should／ought to＋have＋过去分词”既可表示本该做而事实上没有做的事，也可以表示惊讶、赞叹等情绪。如：
You should have told her about it the day before yesterday．
It’s wonderful that you should have achieved so much in these years．
“情态动词＋have＋过去分词”是很重要的一种句型，除should外，may, might, must, couldn’t, needn’t, ought to等都可以用于这一句型，但要注意熓褂貌煌的情态动词熅渥拥囊馑季陀兴不同。
9．ought to与should意思接近，大多数情况下二者可以互换，但是should谈的是自己的主观看法，ought to则更多反映客观情况，在谈到法律、义务和规定时使用。如：
We should／ought to help each other and learn from each other in our work．
She is your mother, so you ought to support her．
We ought to go and see Mary tomorrow, but I don’t think we will．
10．need，用作情态动词，仅用于否定句和疑问句，而不用于肯定句。在肯定句中要用must, have to, should, ought to或将need当作行为动词使用。如：
We need report the matter to the boss immediately．(误)
We must report the matter to the boss immediately．（正）
We need to report the matter to the boss immediately．（正）
Dare的用法也一样。
dare 与need 的用法
1).dare作为情态动词,主要用于疑问句,否定句和条件从句中,一般不用于肯定句.
a. How dare you say I’m unfair ?
b. He daren’t speak English before such a crowd, dare she ?
c. If he dare break the rule , he will be punished .
2).need表示”需要”或”必须”,作情态动词用时,仅用于否定句或疑问句. 条件从句中。“有…必要”。在肯定句中一般用must, have to, ought to或should代替.
a. You needn’t come so early.
b. --Need I finish the work today ?---Yes, you must./ No , you needn’t .
c. If you need go there , please let me know .
3).dare和need常用作实义动词,有时态,人称和数的变化。所不同的是,在肯定句中,dare 后面通常接带to的不定式; 在否定和疑问句中, dare后可接带to或不带to的不定式.
a .I dare to swim across the river b .He doesn’t dare (to) answer.
C .We need time and money.
d .The dining room needs / wants / requires cleaning every day .
= The dining room needs / wants / requires to be cleaned every day .
e. Does he need to take the medicine four times a day ?
III.情态动词的测试热点
本阶段出现了不少“情态动词＋have＋过去分词”的句型。在此之前，同学们也学到了许多有关情态动词的用法。笔者在文中对历年来的高考试题进行了分析，指出了历年来高考试题对情态动词的测试热点，谈到了使用情态动词时应注意的相关知识，供同学们参考，以期提高同学们运用所学知识的能力。
热点一：情态动词表示推测的用法
情态动词must，can，could，may，might都可用来表示推测。其中，must所表示的可能性最大，最有把握，意为“一定”。注意，其否定式mustn’t表示“想必不”；表示“不可能”要用can’t或couldn’t。 may 和 might表示可能性时，主要用于肯定句中，might相对于may 来说，表示的可能性更小一些。 can和could主要用于否定句和疑问句中。
需要注意的几点:
1.表示猜测，can一般不用于肯定句中，除非是“经验之谈”。我们在SEFC Book 2， Lesson 30中学过这样两个表示“经验之谈”的句子：鶦hildren can often get ill suddenly．（小孩常常可能突然生博＃┅鶦ertain things in the home can be dangerous，especially if you have young children．（家里的某些东西可能有危险，尤其是有小孩的时候。）上面两句可以看作医务工作者或抚养过孩子的人说的话，属“经验之谈”。
2．may和might都不用于疑问句中。如：（正）Can ／Could it be cloudy tomorrow ？（误）May ／Might it be cloudy tomorrow ？
3．must的否定式是can't ／couldn't，不是 needn't或m ustn't。
4．would ＋V原形：想必现在／过去……；现在／过去可能……鶫e would be back today ／yesterday．想必他今天／昨天回来了。（他今天／昨天可能回来了。）
5．should ／ought to ＋V原形：想必现在／将来会……鶷he dinner should ／ought to be ready now．想必晚饭现在已备好。鶫e should ／ought to ring up this afternoon．想必他今天下午会打电话的。
6．will ＋V原形：将来一定／准会……
Try your best，and your wish will come true．尽力吧，你的理想准会实现的。
在近年来的高考试题中，测试may和might表示可能性的频率较高，是一个热点项目。
如：
Peter ＿＿＿＿ come with us tonight，but he isn’t very sure yet．(NMET’93)牘
A． must鶥． may C． can鶧． will
简析：本题选B。本题的后半句暗示了选择答案的条件。
Michael ＿＿＿＿ be a policeman for he’s much too short． (上海’94)牘
A． needn’t鶥． can’t鶦． should D． may
简析：本题选B。本题的后半句给出了理由。
-Are you coming to Jeff’s party﹖
-I’m not sure． I ＿＿＿＿ go to the concert instead．(NMET2000)牘
A． must鶥． would C． should鶧． might
简析：本题答语部分中的“I’m not sure”暗示了说话者的语气不肯定。因而，本题应选D。 Johnny, you ＿＿play with the knif，you ＿＿＿＿ hurt yourself．(NMET’96)
A． won’t；can’t鶥． mustn’t；may鶦． shouldn’t；must D． can’t；shouldn’t
简析：本题应选B。第一空用mustn’t表示禁止，第二空用may表示可能。
情态动词表示猜测的答题方法及考例精析
解答情态动词表示猜测的试题时，一要清楚被猜测的时间，二要清楚有无客观事实根据。若有客观事实根据，则无论是肯定还是否定的猜测，猜测语气最强且符合时间要求的为最佳答案；情态动词表示猜测时语气从强到弱的顺序是：must，will，would，ought to，should，can，may，could，might。若无客观事实根据，纯凭主观臆断，则猜测语气最弱且符合时间要求的为最佳答案。如：
1．I thought you __________ like something to read，so I have brought you some books．（MET 1986）鶤．may B．might鶦．could D．must
由题意可知被猜测的时间是（过去）将来，没有客观事实根据，猜测语气要求最弱，所以正确选项是B。
2．Peter __________ come with us tonight，but he isn't sure yet．（MET 1993）
A．must鶥．may C．can D．will
由题意可知被猜测的时间是将来，没有客观事实根据，猜测语气要求最弱，所以正确选项是B。
3．It __________ last night，for the ground was wet this morning．
A．must have rained鶥．may have rained鶦．must rain鶧．might rain
由题意可知被猜测的时间是过去，有客观事实根据the ground was wet，猜测语气要求最强，所以正确选项是A。
4．Mary __________ be in Paris，for I saw her in the town only a few minutes ago．（MET 1994）鶤．mustn't鶥．can't鶦．shouldn't鶧．may not
由题意可知被猜测的时间是现在，有客观事实根据I saw her in the town a few minutes ago，猜测语气要求最强，所以正确选项是B（can't是m ust的否定式）。
5.-There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well．
-It __________ a comfortable journey．（NMET 1995）
A．can't be B．shouldn't be C．mustn't have been D．couldn't have been
由题意可知被猜测的时间是过去，有客观事实根据there were already five people．．．take me as well，猜测语气要求最强，所以正确选项是D。
6．-When can I come for the photos？I need them tomorrow afternoon．
-They __________ be ready by 12：00．（NMET 1998）
A．can B．should C．might D．need
由题意可知被猜测的时间是将来，有客观事实根据need them tomorrow afternoon，猜测语气要求最强，所以正确选项是B。
7．-Are you coming to Jeff's Party？
-I'm not sure．I __________ go to the concert instead．（NMET 2000）
A．must鶥．would C．might D．should
由题意可知被猜测的时间是将来，没有客观事实根据，猜测语气要求最弱，所以正确选项是C.
热点二：情态动词表示能力的用法
情态动词表示能力时，一般用can／could或be able to 。be able to用于表示能力并且可用于各种时态，而can只有一般现在时和一般过去时两种时态。此外，当表示过去成功地做成了某事时，只能用was ／ were able to。如：
A computer ＿＿＿＿＿ think for itself， it must be told what to do．(MET’91)牘
A． can’t B． couldn’t鶦． may not鶧． might not
简析：这里说明电脑不具备独立思考的能力 故本题选A。
The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ＿＿＿＿get out．(NMET’97)牘
A． had to B． would C． could鶧． was able to
简析：本题题意为“大火很快蔓延了整个旅馆，但全体人员都脱离了危险。”， 故本题选D。
热点三：表示“许可”、“允许”的情态动词
can／could may／might都可用来表示请求允许或许可。过去式could和might常用于疑问句中，表示礼貌。回答时，常用原形can或者may，不可再用过去式could或might。如：
-Could I borrow your dictionary﹖(MET’92)
-Yes, of course you ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿．
A． might B． will鶦． can鶧． should
简析：本题的前一句用could提问，表示委婉的请求。回答时，应用原形can。故本题选C。
热点四：shall／should的用法
shall用于第一、三人称的疑问句中，表示征求对方的意见，常译为“要某人做某事吗﹖”。shall也可用于第二、三人称的陈述句中，表示说话人的意愿，有命令、警告、决心、强制、许诺或威胁之意。研读历届高考题不难发现，should的考点主要体现在以下几个方面： 1）表示责任和义务，意为“应该”；2）表示可能性推测，意为“很可能、该”；3）用于虚拟语气中。
4)．should（not）have done结构的用法。现结合历届高考题对其用法作一归纳。
一、“should（ought to）have done”结构意为“本来应该……”，表示过去应该做或值得做的事情而没有做到，含有后悔、埋怨、责备等意味。该结构的否定式“shouldn't（ought not to）have done”则表示过去做了不应该做的事，意为“本来不应该……却……”。例如：
1.Jerry __________ have kept her word，I wonder why she changed her mind．（MET91）鶤．must B．should鶦．need鶧．would
2.We __________ last night，but we went to the concert instead．（MET92）
A．must have studied鶥．might study鶦．should have studied鶧．would study
3.I told Sally how to get there，but perpaps I __________ for her．（NMET94）
A．had to write it out鶥．must have written it out
C．should have written it out鶧．ought to write it out
4.Tom ought not to __________ me your secret，but he meant no harm．（MET93）
A．have told B．tell鶦．be telling鶧．having told
5.There was a lot of fun at yesterday's party．You ______ come，but why didn't you？（99上海）鶤．must鶥．should鶦．need have D．ought to have
6.I was really anxious about you．You __________ home without a word．（NMET2001）
A．mustn't leave鶥．shouldn't have left鶦．couldn't have left鶧．needn't have left
7.Oh，I'm not feeling well in the stomach．I _______so much fried chicken just now．（2002上海春季高考）
A．shouldn't eat鶥．mustn't have eaten鶦．shouldn't have eaten鶧．mustn't eat
二、“should have done”结构还可以表示动作已经完成，但含有感情色彩，表示惊讶、惊奇等意味。意为“竟，竟然，居然”。例如：鶬'm sorry that this should have happened．很遗憾，竟然发生了这种事情。
It is wonderful that you should have achieved so much in these years．这几年你竟然取得如此大的成就，真是了不起！
三、should也可以用来表示“推测”，意为“可能；该”。相当于be expected to。往往指具有一定的客观根据或根据推理对现在某事发生的“可能性”进行描述，语气上不如must强。若对现在正在进行的事情的推测，则用should be doing结构。例如：
8．-Will Mr Wang offer us a hand？
-He__________ be glad to．He never refused our request．（92上海）
A．can鶥．must C．may D．should
9．-When can I come for the photos？I need them tomorrow afternoon．
-They __________ be ready by 12：00．（NMET98）
A．can鶥．should鶦．might鶧．need
10．It's nearly seven o'clock．Jack __________ be here at any moment．（NMET95）
鶤．must鶥．need鶦．should D．can
I don't think he should be sleeping now，is he？我认为他现在不可能正在睡觉，是吗？
四、“should like／love to do sth．”结构意为“愿意／想做某事”。“should like／love to have done”结构则意为“本来想干某事，而当时却没干”。例如：
11．Little Jim should love __________ to the theatre this evening．（MET92）
A．to be taken B．to take鶦．being taken D．taking
12．I should love __________ to Professor Smith，but I didn't get any more chance．（96上海）
A．to be introduced鶥．to have been introduced鶦．to have introduced鶧．introducing
He should like to have attended the evening party，but he was too busy．
他本想参加这次晚会，可是当时他太忙了。
篇4：高考情态动词用法
一．shall和will的用法
1、shall 用在第一、三人称，will 用于第二人称表示“征求意见”。
Shall I go now?
Shall we invite her, too?
Will you help me with the work?
Shall the reporters wait outside or what?
2、shall表示依据规定有义务去做。
Passengers shall not talk with the driver while the bus is moving.
3、shall 用于所有人称，表示说话人的许诺、威胁、警告、命令等。
You shall have an answer by tomorrow.
If he’s good, he shall have a new watch for Christmas.
If you children don’t do as I tell you, you shan’t go to the party.
4、would 可以表示过去的习惯（would 可表示反复发生的动作或某种倾向。used to表示过去的习惯动作或状态，强调现在已不存在）
He would come to see me on Sunday when he was here.
The dog would lie there in the sun all afternoon.
When we were children, we would go skating every winter.
5、will可以表示“愿意”，而非将来:
I will pay you for it. 我会付给你钱买下它的。
Go where you will. 到你愿意去的地方。
We’re going on a climbing trip. Come if you will.
6、will可以表示倾向、习惯（总是会，老是等意思）
Sometimes the cat will lie there all morning.
Oil and water will not mix.
This machine won’t work.
二、can/could 的用法
1、表示具备某种能力。
The nine-year old boy can swim across the river.
Can you swim across the river?
We couldn’t get the truck to start.
2、表示“征询对方意见”和“允许”（could 语气委婉）。回答不用 could.
Can /could I smoke here? Yes, you can. No, you cannot.
Could you tell me where John is?
3、表示“可能性”。（否定句疑问句常见,肯定句也可以）
Can/Could it be true? 那会/可能是真的。
That can’t/couldn’t be true. 那不可能是真的。
Will you answer the phone? It could be your mother.
三．may/might 的用法
1、表示“征询对方意见”和“允许”。
May I turn on the TV?
Yes, of course. Yes, you can/may.
No, you can’t/may not /mustn’t /I’m afraid not.
You may go home now.
2、表示可能性，“也许”。常用于肯定句。
You may/might have some fever. 你也许发烧了。
He said that the news might be true. 他说这消息可能是真的。
They may/might be having a bath. 他们也许正在洗澡。
四．must的用法
1、表示“必须”。
Patients must use medicine according to the doctor’s orders.
2、表示推测，只用于肯定句。在否定句或疑问句中，用can/could：
There must be a mistake.
Can/Could there be a mistake
There can’t/couldn’t be a mistake.
He must be over sixty now.
They must be watching the news now.
They can’t/couldn’t be watching the news now.
3、注意must 的回答：
Must the ladies wear dresses?
yes, they must. No, they don’t have to. / they needn’t.
Can/May I come in? No, you can’t / mustn’t.
4．表示禁止。
Children mustn’t go across the street alone.
五．表示“推测”的表达法总结
（1）表示对现在和将来状况的推测：must 一定，may 可能，might 也许，can’t 不可能。
（2）对已经过去的情况的推测，用“情态动词＋have+ done”结构：
① must have done 过去一定已经…（只用于肯定句中）
② can’t / couldn’t have done 过去不可能--- （表示否定）
③ may/might have done 可能已经----
④ needn’t have done 本来不必做---
⑤ could have done那时本来可以…（在肯定句中，不可用can)
⑥ should have done 本来应该做---（实际未做）
⑦ shouldn’t / oughtn’t to have done 本不应该做-----（实际做了）
例如：
He must have been drinking beer. 他肯定一直喝啤酒来着。
The money can’t have been lost there. 钱不可能是在那儿丢的。
He may have gone to bed. 他可能已经上床睡觉了。
She might not have settled the problem. 她可能尚未解决那个问题。
We could have solved the problem in a more reasonable fashion.
You should have come here ten minutes earlier.
She should / ought to have gone there alone.
六、need的用法
1、作为情态动词，need一般只用于否定句和疑问句中。
You needn’t try to explain. Need we stay here this evening?
2、Need 作为实意动词可用在所有句型中。
She needs to come tomorrow.
You don’t need any help from others. Do they need this?
七、dare的用法
1．做情态动词，通常用于疑问句，否定句和条件状语从句中。
Dare he swim across the river?
He dare not come to see me.
How dare you be so rude! 你竟敢如此无礼！
2．做实意动词：
Do you dare to ask her? 你敢问她吗？
He didn’t dare to go. 他不敢去。
八．should/ought to的用法
两者大多数情况下可以互换。
1、表示道义上的责任，义务或要求，有时表示劝告。如：
You ought to /should pay more attention to what your lawyer says.
This word is spelt wrongly. There should be another “s”.
2. 表示推测和可能性，是“应该”之意。
This pen ought to /should be yours. 这支笔应该是你的。
If the train is up to time, John should/ought to be here any minute now. 如果火车晚点的话，John现在马上就应该到了。
3、表示讲话人惊奇，失望，愤怒等感情：
What’s happened to that money? How should I know? 那些钱怎么了？－我怎么知道？
It’s strange that he should have lost his temper for such trivial things as that. 真奇怪，他竟然为这么小的事情发脾气。
Why should I believe you? 我为什么要相信你？
九．实战演练 （- 05 - 04全国高考真题）
1. We have proved great adventurers, but we have done the greatest march ever made in the past ten years.（06津）
A. needn’t B. may not C. shouldn’tD. mustn’t
2. --- I think I’ll give Bob a ring.
--- You _______. You haven’t been in touch with him for ages.（06苏）
A. will B. may C. have to D. should
3. --- What’s the name?
--- Khulaifi. _______ I spell that for you? （06京）
A. Shall B. Would C. Can D. Might
4.If it were not for the fact that she_______sing, I would invite ber to the party.（06闽）
A.couldn’t B.shouldn’t C.can’t D.might not
5. -- Must he come to sign this paper himself?
-- Yes, he .（06粤）
A. need B. must C. may D. will
6. ______ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.（06鄂）
A. Would you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you be
7.Some aspeets of a pilot’s job____ be boring,and prilots often_____ work at inconvenient hours.（06湘）
A.can;have to B.may;can C.have to;may D.ought to;must
8.－These books are too heavy for me to carry.
－.（06辽）
A.You may ask for help B.I’will give you a hand
C.I’will do you a favor D.I’d come to help
9. –May I smoke here ?
-- If you ____, choose a seat in the smoking section.（06鲁）
A. should B.could C. may D. must
10.As you worked late yesterday,you_____ have come this morning.（06陕）
A.mayn’t B.can’t C.mustn’t D.needn’t
11. --- Could I have a word with you, mum?
--- Oh dear, if you ________.（06浙）
A. can B. must C. may D. should
12. We hope that as many people as-possible _______ join us for the picnic tomorrow.（全国一）
A. need B. must C. should D. can
13. There's no light on - they______ be at home.(全国三)
A. can't B. mustn't C. needn't D. shouldn't
14. He __________ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the seaside. (05北京卷)
A. should B. must C. wouldn’t D. can’t
15. He paid for a seat, when he ______ have entered free. （05山东卷）
A. could B. would C. must D. need
16. --- I've taken someone else's green sweater by mistake.
--- It ______ Harry's. He always wears green. (05广东卷)
A. has to beB. will be C. mustn't be D. could be
17. - Do you know where David is? I couldn’t find him anywhere.
- Well. He have gone far-his coat’s still here. （05湖北卷）
A．shouldn’t B．mustn’t C．can’t D．wouldn’t
18. If I plan to do anything I wanted to, I’d like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible. （05湖北卷）
A．would B．could C．had to D．ought to
19. --- Lucy doesn’t mind lending you her dictionary.
--- She ______ . I've already borrowed one. （05湖南卷）
A. can't B. mustn't C. needn't D. shouldn't
20. The more I think about him, the more reasons I find for loving him ___ I did.
（05湖南卷）
A. as much as B. as long as C. as soon as D. as far as
21. - Tom is never late for work. Why is he absent today?
- Something ________ to him. (05江西卷)
A．must happen B．should have happened
C．could have happened D．must have happened
22. John, look at the time. _____ you play the piano at such a late hour? （05全国卷3）
A．Must B．Can C．May D．Need
23. Tom, you leave all your clothes on the floor like this! （05全国卷1）
A．wouldn’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．may not
24. There _____ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school. （05上海卷）
A. mustn’t B. shan’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
25. The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it _________be very slow. （05浙江卷）
A．should B．must C．will D．can
26. I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car. They ____ at least 150 kilometers an hour. （05重庆卷）
A. should have been doing B. must have been doing
C. could have doneD. would have done
27. I _______have been more than six years old when the accident happened. （05天津卷）
A. shouldn't B. couldn't C. mustn't D. needn't
28. Helen ______ go on the trip with us, but she isn’t quite sure yet. （05安徽卷）
A. shall B. must C. may D. can
29. This cake is very sweet. You __________ a lot of sugar in it. （05辽宁卷）
A．should put B．could have put C．might put D．must have put
30. --- The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.
--- Oh, dear! She _______ a lot of difficulties! (05江苏卷)
A. may go through B. might go through
C. ought to have gone through D. must have gone through
31. I have lost one of my gloves. I ________ it somewhere. （05北京春季）
A. must drop B. must have dropped
C. must be dropping D.must have been dropped
32. --- Who is the girl standing over there?
--- Well, if you______ know, her name is Mabel. （04天津）
A may B can C must D shall
33. “The interestbe divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides,” declared the judge. （04重庆）
A. may B. should C. must D. shall
34. --- I don't mind telling you what I know.
--- You . I'm not asking you for it. （04江苏）
A. mustn't B. may not C. can't D. needn’t
35. I ____ pay Tracy a visit, but I am not sure whether I will have time this Sunday. （04浙江）
A. should B. might C. would D. could
36. --- I’ll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow.
--- You________ her last week. （04福建）
A．ought to tell B．would have told C．must tell D．should have told
37. I often see lights in that empty house. Do you think I _____ report it to the police? （04广西）
A. should B. mayC. will D. can
38. Mr. White _____ at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didn’t’ show up. （04广西）
A. should have arrived B. should arrive
C. should have had arrived D. should be arriving
39. --- Excuse me, but I want to use your computer to type a report.
--- You ______ have my computer if you don't take care of it. （04湖南）
A. shan't B. might not C. needn't D. shouldn't
40. - Excuse me. Is this the right way to the Summer Palace?
- Sorry, I am not sure. But it be. （04湖北）
A．might B．will C．must D．can
41. --- Mum, I’ve been studying English since 8 o’clock.. I go out and play with Tom for a while?
--- No, I’m afraid not. Besides, it’s raining outside now. （04辽宁）
A．Can’t B．Wouldn’t C．May not D．Won’t
42. Children under 12 years of age in that country ________ be under adult supervision when is a public library. （04上海）
A. mustB. may C. can D. need
43. --- Isn’t that Ann’s husband over there?
--- No, it______ be him---I’m sure he doesn’t wear glasses. （04全国I）
A can’t B must not C won’t D may not
44. You ______ be tired---you’ve only been working for an hour. （04全国II）
A must not B won’t be C can’t D may not
45. --- Tom graduated from college at a very young age.
--- Oh, he______ have been a very smart boy then. （04全国IV）
A could B should C might D must
46. You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers _______ not like the design of the furniture. （04上海春季）
A. must B. shall C. may D. need
Key : BDACB BABDD BDABA DCBCA DABCD BBCDD BCDDA DAAAA AAACD C
篇5：高考英语情态动词用法详解
情态动词的区分 情态动词可以广泛分为四大类。第一类只能做情态动词，包括may、might、must等。第二类既能做情态动词，又能做实义助词，包括need、dare、can等。第三类既能做情态动词，又能做助动词，包括shall、should、will、would等。第四类是指具有情态动词特征的短语，包括have to、used to、ought to等。Can/could通常代表许可的意思，能够广泛用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句中，而且could的表达效果通常要更加委婉。Cannot是指“禁止”，通常用于警告和告示。May/might的意思与can/could相似，用法也没有明显区别，不过其与后者相比大多用于正式文体，通常含有尊敬之意，其中，might较may表达的效果更加委婉，但不是很常用。Shall通常用于表示征求意见，常用于疑问句中。而will/would同样是表示请求，其中would的表达效果更为客气委婉，且大多用于第二人称。Must则是表示必须、必要。
篇6：高考英语情态动词用法详解
重点学习：will ( would), can (could), may (might)。will 1.客观情形
主语自己不能做决定，不要受客观情形支配。如I will be 18 years old next month. 下个月我就要18岁了。这里的will和将来时态连用表明是受时间客观规律支配的，不以主观意志来做主的。因此可以和一个词组be going to do 区别开来。be going to do 也是将要的意思，用法和will有很大区别。当be going to do 的主语是人的时候，意思为“打算，计划”;只有当其主语是物的时候才可以和will等同表示马上要发生，但是依然不可以用于表示自然规律的情形。It is going to rain soon.= It will rain soon. 马上就要下雨了。If heated up, ice will turn into water. 如果加热，冰就会变成水。这是自然现象和规律。不可以使用be going to。自己不能做主，需要争求意见的时候——问询别人是否需要本人提供的帮助时。如Will I cook noodles for you? 我给你煮点面吃好吗?
2.主观态度 (1)表意愿。 Will you marry me? 你愿意嫁给我吗?Yes,I will. 我愿意。will 的名词意思是意志，意愿，和遗嘱。At will 随心所欲，想怎么样就怎么样。willing就是派生出来的形容词，be willing to do= be ready to do乐意去做。(2)主观判断，表示非常肯定的判断和认同 Boys will be boys. 男孩子毕竟是男孩子。Master will be master. 大师就是大师。(3)表示对能力的估计 Having enough money, I will travel around the world. 如果有钱了，我就可以周游世界了。(4)希望和请求 Will you turn down the TV volume a little bit? 你把电视音量调小点好吗?一般来说，用will原形的时候多用于熟人朋友间，和第一次见面的人说话，要注意礼貌，因此would you turn down the TV volume a little 更合适。can 1.客观情形 A.主语自己不能做决定，不要受客观情形支配。By the end of next month, we can have learned words. 到下个月底的时候，我们就会学完2000个词汇了。这里的can和will都可以表示受时间的支配。Water can turn into ice when frozen. 水如果冰冻就会结冰。自然规律和will 一样可以替换。B. 自己不能做主，需要争求意见的时候——问询别人是否允许自己是否可以做什么的时候。Can I use your phone?我可以用一下你的手机吗?Yes, you can. 当然可以。No, you can’t. 你不能(你不被允许)。此时也可以用may来替换。May I use your phone? 我可以用一下你的手机吗?Yes, you can. 当然可以(注意 回答的时候用can居多)，No, you can’t. 此时不可以回答may not.2. 主观态度 (1)意愿。 I can help you if you give me 100 dollars. 如果你给我100元，我就愿意帮助你了。但是这是属于非正式的用法，如果正式场合问询别人意愿的时候还是应该选择will.(2)主观判断，猜测。 A. 把握并非很足的判断 相当于may。This upcoming exam can be difficult, for the teacher gives us an extra review class on it.马上到来的考试可能会很难，因为老师为了考试给我们加了额外的复习课。此处可以用may取代。B. 用于may 和must 表示猜测时候的否定。(3)表示对能力的估计。 这种能力往往都是先天获得的，或者已经具备很久的。而be able to 表示能力的时候，一般是可以用于具体时态中，而can只有一般时和过去时，而且不和具体时间状语连用。I can sing quite a few English songs. 我可以唱好多英语过去。表示的含义是我学过很多英语歌曲，任何时候都可以唱出来。The candidates are able to have the chance to meet the HR manager after winning the first interview.在初次面试成功后，求职者能够有机会和人力资源的经理见面。此时Be able to 用于具体时刻前。
could 希望和请求 和will 一样，和熟人用can, 和陌生人用could更礼貌。Can you give me a hand? 你可以帮助我一下吗?Could you please give me a hand? 您可以帮助我一下吗?(更客气)may 1.客观情形 主语自己不能做决定，不要受客观情形支配。May I come in? 我可以进来吗?No, you can’t. 否定形式只可以是can’t, 不可以是may not.这是因为：根据词源学(etymology)may 来自于might(权力，权威，威严)。may not 的意思有两个：1. 权威迫使下，不能做……2. 表示猜测，表示不可能。2.主观态度。 A. 把握并非很足的判断。It may not be his fault. 这也许不是他的错。B. 严格禁止。may not do= mustn’t do = shouldn’t doStudents mustn’t / may not bring cellphone into campus. 校园内严禁携带手机。
语法 | 情态动词的用法整理，非常实用!
情态动词
定义:
情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义,但要与动词原形一起使用，给谓语动词增添情态色彩，表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法，认为其可能、应该或必要等。
情态动词后面加动词原形。
分类：
情态动词有四类：
①只做情态动词：must,can(could),may(might),ought to
②可做情态动词又可做实义动词：need,dare
③可做情态动词又可做助动词：shall(should),will(would)
④具有情态动词特征：have(had) to,used to
位置:
情态动词在句中放在谓语动词之前, 谓语动词前若有助动词,则在助动词之前,疑问句中, 情态动词则在主语之前。
I can see you. Come here.
我能看见你，过来吧。
He must have been away.
他一定走了。
What can I do for you?
我能帮你吗?
How dare you treat us like that!
你怎能那样对待我们!
特点:
情态动词无人称和数的变化, 情态动词后面跟的动词需用原形,否定式构成是在情态动词后面加 “not”。 个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式, 过去式用来表达更加客气, 委婉的语气, 时态性不强, 可用于过去，现在或将来。情态动词属非及物动词，故没有被动语态。情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分词，等形式。
He could be here soon.
他很快就来。
We can't carry the heavy box.
我们搬不动那箱子。
I'm sorry I can't help you.
对不起，我帮不上你。
基本助动词与情态助动词最主要的区别之一是，基本助动词本身没有词义，而情态助动词则有自己的词义，能表示说话人对有关动作或状态的看法，或表示主观设想：
What have you been doing since? (构成完成进行体，本身无词义)
I am afraid I must be going. (一定要)
You may have read some account of the matter. (或许已经)
除此之外，情态助动词还有如下词法和句法特征：
1) 除ought和used以外，其他情态动词后面只能接不带to的不定式。如果我们把ought to和used to看做是固定词组的话，那么，所有情态动词无一例外地只能接不带to的不定式：
We used to grow beautiful roses.
I asked if he would come and repair my television set.
2) 情态助动词在限定动词词组总是位居第一：
They need not have been punished so severely.
3) 情态助动词用于第三人称单数现在时的时候，没有词形变化，即其词尾无-s形式：
She dare not say what she thinks.
4) 情态动词没有非限定形式，即没有不定式和分词形式，也没有相应的动名词：
Still, she needn't have run away.
5) 情态助动词的“时”的形式并不是时间区别的主要标志。在不少场合，情态助动词的现在时和过去时形式都可以表示现在、过去或将来时间：
Would you mind very much if I ask you to do something?
She told him he ought not to have done it.
6) 情态助动词之间是相互排斥的，即在一个限定动词词组中只能出现一个情态助动词，但有时却可以与have和be基本助动词连用：
You should have washed the wound.
Well, you shouldn't be reading a novel.
用法
首先它是动词，而且不同于行为动词，行为动词表示的是可以通过行为来表达的动作(如写，读，跑)，而情态动词只是表达的一种想法(如能，也许，敢)。
用法是：情态动词+行为动词原形
例句：I can read this sentence in English.
我能用英语读这句话。
情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义,表示说话人的情绪,态度或语气的动词,但不能单独作谓语, 只能和其他动词原形构成谓语。
We can be there on time tomorrow.我们明天能按时去那儿。
May I have your name? 我能知道你的名字吗?
Shall we begin now?我们现在就开始吗?
You must obey the school rules.你必须遵守校规。
情态动词数量不多,但用途广泛,主要有下列:
can (could), may (might), must, need, ought to, dare (dared), shall (should), will (would),have (to) ,had better.
功能
助动词(auxiliary)主要有两类：基本助动词(primary auxiliary)和情态助动词(modal auxiliary)。基本助动词有三个：do, have和be;情态助动词有十三个：may, might; can, could; will, would; shall, should; must, need, dare, used to, ought to. 上述两类助动词的共同特征是，在协助主动词构成限定动词词组时，具有作用词的功能：
1) 构成否定式：
He didn't go and neither did she.
The meeting might not start until 5 o'clock.
2) 构成疑问式或附加疑问式：
Must you leave right now?
You have been learning French for 5 years, haven't you?
3) 构成修辞倒装：
Nowhere can he obtain any information about his sister.
Hardly had he arrived when she started complaining.
4) 代替限定动词词组：
A: Who can solve this crossword puzzle?
B: Tom can.
A: Shall I write to him?
B: Yes, do.
篇7：高考英语情态动词用法详解
一. can和could
情态动词 用法 例句
can/could
表示能力(体力、知识、技能)
(表示过去有能力用could)
1.“I don’t think Mike can type.”
2.I can speak fluent English now , but I couldn’t last year.
3.Can you lift this heavy box?(体力)
4.Mary can speak three languages.(知识)
5.Can you skate?(技能)
6.Two eyes can see more than one. 两只眼比一只眼看得清。
7.Could the girl read before she went to school? 这女孩上学前能识字吗?
在肯定句中，表示客观可能性，(客观原因形成的能力)。并不涉及具体某事会发生，常用来说明人或事物的特征。要表达具体某事实际发生的可能性时，不用can，需用could，may，might。1. As a human being, anyone can make a mistake.
2. I’m confident that a solution can be found.
3. He can be very forgetful sometimes.
4. I may stay at home this weekend.(实际可能性)
5. Peter might come to join us.(实际可能性)
6. It will be sunny in the daytime ,but it could rain tonight.(实际可能性)
7. 7.They’ve changed the timetable, so we can go by bus instead.
8. 8.This hall can hold 500 people at least.
9. The temperature can fall to –60℃, that is 60℃ below freezing.
气温可降至—60℃，也就是零下60℃。
10. 11..He can?t (couldn?t) have enough money for a new car. 他不可能有足够的钱买新车。
11. 12 You mustn?t smoke while you?re walking around in the wood. You could start a fire. (实际可能性)
12. 在林子里走时勿吸烟，那样可能会引起火灾。
表示请求和允许。表示请求，口语中常用could代替can，使语气更委婉。
用can和 may来回答，不能用could或might。1.Can we turn the air conditioner on?
2.Any police officer can insist on seeing a driver’s license.
3.In soccer, you can’t touch the ball with your hands.
4.Could you have her call me back when she gets home, please?
5.I wonder if I could just ask you to sign this.
6. Could I borrow your dictionary?
---Yes, of course, you can.
No, I'm afraid not/No,you cann’t/No,you may not.
表示对现在的动作或状态进行主观的猜测，主要用在否定句和疑问句中。1. It can’t be easy caring for a man and a child who are not your own.
2. Can the man over there be our head master?
3.If Tom didn't leave here until five o'clock, he can't be home yet. 如果汤姆五点才离开这儿，他此时一定还未到家。
表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度，主要用在否定句、疑问句和感叹句中。1. Can this be an excuse for not giving them help?
2. This can’t be true.
3. How can you be so crazy.
4. 4.Can this be true?
5. 5.How can you be so careless!
6. 6.This cannot be done by him.
7. Where can (could) they have gone to? 他们会去哪儿了呢?
8. He can?t (couldn?t) be over sixty. 他不可能超过六十岁。
9. How can you be so careless? 你怎么这么粗心?
10. 特别说明：
(1) could用来表示请求时，语气委婉，主要用于疑问句，不能用于肯定句，答语应用can(即：could不能用于现在时态的简略答语中)。如：
——Could I use your dictionary?
——Yes, you can.(否定回答可用：No, I’m afraid not.)
此时可与may互换。在疑问句中还可用could,
might代替，不是过去式，只是语气更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答语中。
---- Could I come to see you tomorrow?
---- Yes, you can. ( No, I’m afraid not. )
(2) can和be able to辨析
can(could)和be able to都可以表示能力，意思上没有区别。但can只有现在式和过去式，而be able to则有更多的形式。如：
I’ve always wanted to able to speak fluent English.
Those bags look really heavy, are you sure you’ll be able to carry them on your own?
但是，表示在过去某时的某一场合经过一番努力，终于做成了某事，通常不用could，而用was/were able to来表示。could：有潜能，但并未做到
这时，was/were able to相当于managed to do或succeed in doing。如：
After the accident it was a long time before she was able to walk again.
The fire was very big, but most people were able to escape from the building.
I can sing many English songs.我会唱许多英文歌曲。
We were able to return to our campsite before the heavy rain.我们在下大雨前设法会到了野营地。
He was able to swim across the river and escaped being caught.他游到了河对岸，没有被抓住。
在否定句中，can/could与be able to几乎没有什么差别，两者可以互换。例如：
She wasn’t able to/couldn’t cook French dishes.她不会做法国菜。
(3) 惯用形式“cannot …too…”表示“无论怎么……也不(过分)”。如：
You cannot be too careful.你越小心越好。
惯用形式“cannot but+ 不定式(不带to)”表示“不得不，只好”。如：
I cannot but admire her determination.我不得不钦佩你的决心。
二．may和 might
情态动词 用法 例句
may/might表示允许、请求。否定回答一般用must not/mustn’t,表示“禁止、阻止”之意，但也可以用had better not (最好别)或may not(不可以)，语气较为委婉。 1. May I come in and wait?
2. ——May I smoke here?
——No, you mustn’t(或No, you’d better not.)
在表示请求、允许时，might比may语气更委婉些。而不是过去式，用May I征询对方许可在文体上比较正式，在口气上比较客气，在日常用语中，用Can I征询对方意见更为常见。
否定回答时可用can’t
或mustn’t，表示“不可以，禁止”。
或者
肯定回答可以用 yes,please. / Certainly.1.Might I borrow your pen?
2.I wonder if I might speak to your son.
3. Might/ May I smoke in this room?
4. ---- No, you mustn’t.
5. 4. May/Might I take this book out of the room?
---- Yes, you can. (No, you can’t / mustn’t. ) \
You may drive the car.
— Might I use your pen? — No, you mustn't.
表示可能性的推测，通常用在肯定句和否定句中，含有“或许”“大概”“可能”之意;用might代替may时，则语气显得更加不肯定。1. It may rain this afternoon.
2. She might come to join us this afternoon.
3. I suppose he might have missed the train.
4.He may /might be very busy now.
5.Your mother may /might not know the truth.
may用于祈使句表示祝愿1. May you succeed.。
2. May you have many more days as happy as this one.
3. May she rest in peace.愿她安息。
惯用句式：
“may well+ 动词原形”，意为“完全能，很可能”，相当于to be very likely to
“may as well或might(just)as well+动词原形”意为“最好，满可以，倒不如,不妨“,”，相当于“had better或there is no reason to do anything else.1. It may well change forever the way you look at Greek art.
2. There may well be a real problem here.
3. There is nothing to do, so I may as well go to bed.
4. You may as well tell us now, we’ll find out sooner or later.
5. I suppose we might as well go home.
6. And if you have to plough the field anyway, you might as well plant it at the same time.
7.If that is the case, we may as well try.
might 间接引语中指过去。表可以。1. He told me that I might smoke in the room. 他告诉我可以在房间里抽烟。
二． must和have to
情态动词 用法 例句
must表示“必须，应该，一定”之意，语气比should，ought to强烈。其否定形式mustn’t表示“不准，不应该，禁止”等意.1. You must come to school on time.
2. Everybody must obey the law.
3. You mustn’t drive so fast in the street.
4. We mustn’t waste any more time.
5. I must finish my work today.
6. Must I return the book tomorrow?
7. 7.The play is not interesting. I really must go now.
在回答带有must的问句时，否定回答常用needn’t或don’t have to，表示“不必”，而不用mustn’t.1.—Must I come back before ten?
—Yes，you must.(No, you needn’t)
2.Must we hand in our exercise books today?
— Yes, you must. (No, you don’t have to.)
表示有把握的推测，意为“一定、准是、想必”，只用于肯定句中。
它的否定或疑问式用can代替must1. This must be your pen.
2. You must be hungry after a walk.
3. There must be a hole in the wall.
4. You’re Tom’s good friend, so you must know what he likes best.
5. 5.Your mother must be waiting for you now.
6. He must be staying there.
7. 他现在肯定呆在那里。
试比较和第一种用法的区别
He must stay there.
他必须呆在那。
have to
也可拼做have got to。
8. “必须，不得不”，意义与must相近。但must表示的是说话人的主观看法，而have to则往往强调客观需要,有被动接受的意思。无疑问句形式，疑问句用must 代替。
9. 10. The film is not interesting. I really must go now.
11. I have to go now, because my mother is in hospital.
12. My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night. 我弟弟病得很厉害，我只得半夜里把医生请来。(客观上需要做这件事)
13. 4. Must I clean all the room?
14. 5. I must go over the test paper again to see if there are any mistakes.我必须再检查一遍试卷看看是否有错误。
15. 6. The teacher said that there were many mistakes in my test paper, so I had to go over it again.老师说我试卷中有很多错误，所以我只好再检查一遍。
16. must只有一种形式，即现在式与过去式都是一种形式，在间接引语中must可用于表示过去时间.而have to则涉及各种人称、时态等方面的变化形式。
17. 18. 7..I had to work hard when I was your age.
19. 8..I will have to learn how to use a computer.
20. 9.In order to take the exam, we’ll have to finish the whole book by the end of this month .
21. 10. told her that she must give up smoking. 我叫她必须戒烟。
22.
两者的否定意义不同，mustn’t表示“禁止，不许”，don’t have to表示不必。1. You mustn’t go there.
2. You don’t have to go there.
四．shall和should
情态动词 用法 例句
shall用于第一，三人称构成的疑问句，表示征求对方意见或请求指示1. Shall I open the window?
2. Shall we say 6 o’clock, then?
3. What shall I get for dinner?
4.Shall we begin our lesson?
4. 5.When shall he be able to leave the hospital?
5. Shall the boy wait outside? 让那男孩在外面等吗?
用于第二、三人称陈述句中，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、决心、允诺或威胁。1. Don’t worry, you shall get the answer this afternoon.(允诺)
2. He shall be sorry for it one day, I tell you. (警告)
3. You shall do as I say. (命令)
4. If you children don’t do as I tell you, you shall not go to the party. (威胁)
5. You shall fail if you don’t work hard.(警告)
6. He shall have the book when I finish it.(允诺)
7. He shall be punished.(威胁)
8.You shall do as I say. 按我说的做。(命令)
9.You shall have my answer tomorrow. 你明天可以得到我的答复。(允诺)
10.He shall be sorry for it one day, I tell you. 有一天他会后悔的，我告诉你。(警告)
11.Nothing shall stop us from carrying out the plan. 什么也不能阻止我们执行这项计划。(决心)
should表示劝告或建议，意为“应该”其同义词是ought to;在疑问句中，通常用should代替ought to1.What should I do?
2.Should I trust him?
3.You should read his new book.
4. You should go to class right away.
5.Should I open the window?
You should be polite to your teachers. 你对老师应该有礼貌。
You shouldn?t waste any time. 你不应该浪费时间。
表示推测，用在肯定句中，对现在的情况或可能发生的事的主观推测或期待。意为“想必，大概，或许”1. It should be a nice day tomorrow.
2. Try phoning Robert, he should be home now.
3. He should be around sixty years old.
4.The film should be very good as it is starring first—class actors.
这部新电影是一流演员主演的，估计拍得很好。
5.They should be home by now. 照说他们现在应当已经到家了。
还可以用在if引导的条件句中，表示一件事听起来可能性很小，但也不是完全不可能，相当于“万一”的意思。从句谓语用should+动词原形构成，主句都一定用虚拟语气1. Ask Tom to ring me up if you should see him. (你万一见到汤姆，请让他给我打个电话)
2. Should I be free tomorrow, I’ll come. (万一我明天有时间，我就过来)
3. If things should change suddenly, please let me know. (万一情况突变，请通知我)
4. Ask her to ring me up if you should see her. 你万一见到她，请让她给我打个电话。
5. If you should change
your mind, please let us know. 万一你改变主意，请通知我们。
6.Should I (If I should) be free tomorrow I will come. 万一我明天有时间，我就来。
用于疑问句或感叹句中，表示意外、惊异的情绪，意为“竟会”，与why，what，how，who连用，如果是疑问句。则不需要回答。1. Why should anyone want to marry Tony?
2. Don’t ask me. How should I know?
3.Why should you be so late today? 你几天怎么来得这么晚?
4. — Where is Betty living? — 贝蒂住在哪里?
— How should I know? — 我怎么会知道呢?
5.I don't know why you should think that I did it. 我真不知道你凭什么认为这件事是我干的。
表示说话人的一种谦逊、客气、委婉的语气。
① I should think it would be better to try it again. 我倒是认为最好再试一试。
② You are mistaken, I should say. 依我看，你是搞错了。
③ I should advise you not to do that. 我倒是劝你别这样做。
五．will和would
情态动词 用法 例句
will/would用于表示意志，愿望或意愿。will指现在，would指过去。1. He is the man who will go his own way. (他是个自行其是的人。)
2. They said they would meet us at 10:30 at the station.
3. I will never do that again.
4. They asked him if he would go abroad.
5.He said he would help me.
6.I’ll do my best to catch up with them.
7.I will do anything for you. 我愿为你做任何事。
8.None is so blind as those who won?t see. 不愿看的人眼最瞎。
9.If you will read the book, I?ll lend it to you. 如果你愿意读这本书，我会把它借给你。
They would not let him in because he was poorly dressed. 他们不让他进去因为他衣着破旧。
I said I would do anything for you. 我说过我愿意为你做任何事。
表示请求、建议等，will接近命令的口气。用would比用will委婉、客气。Would like to do = want to 想要，为固定搭配
否定句用will，一般不用would, won't you是一种委婉语气。1. Will you please take a message for him?
2. Would you please tell me your telephone number?
3.Will / Would you pass me the ball, please?
4 Would you like to go with me?
5. Would you like some cake?
6 Won't you sit down?
表示习惯或倾向，意为“总是，惯于”。Will指现在，would指过去。would表示过去习惯时比used to正式，且没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。
used to可表示过去的习惯动作和经常的情况，而would只表示过去的习惯动作,不表示状态和情况。
1. Fish will die without water.
2. People will talk. (人们总会说闲话。)
3. When we worked in the same office, we would often have coffee together.
4. During the vacation, he would visit me every other day.
5. The boy will sit there hour after hour looking at the traffic go by.
那男孩常常坐在那里好几个钟点，看着车辆行人通过。
6.He used to ∕would smoke while writing. 过去他写东西时常抽烟。
7.She used to be fat. 她过去很胖
表示推测，意为“很可能，大概”。will表示推测比should把握大，比must把握小。1. These things will happen.
2. That will be the messenger ringing.
3. It would be about ten o’clock when he left home.
4. It would be about ten o’clock when she left home.
表示功能，意为“能，行”。惯用形式：will do/would do表示“解决问题”、“就行”。1. That will be all right.
2. Either pen will do.
3. It would not do to work too late.(工作太晚不行。)
用于否定句中，意为“不肯”、“不乐意”1.I won’t listen to your nonsense.
2.No matter what I said, he wouldn’t listen to me.
Will用于叙述真理时1.Oil will float on water.油能浮在水面上。
2.Man will die.人总会死的。
用于表示具有某种功能时1.The door will not open.门打不开。
2 The car will not start.车子启动不了。
特别说明：would与used to辨析
would可用来表示过去反复出现的动作，但不能表示过去存在的状态，所以我们不能说：“she would be a quiet girl.”
另外，would强调过去某种特定情况下的活动，是完全过去的事情，同现在没有联系。而used to则着眼于过去和现在的对比，隐含现在已不存在，动作或状态都可表示。Would可以表示不规则的习惯，used to则不可。如： He used to be a naughty boy and cause trouble.
I used to get up at six in the morning.
Sometimes she would take a walk in the neighboring woods.
In those days, whenever I had difficulties, I would go to Mr. Chen for help.
六．need和dare
情态动词用法例句
need用于表示“需要，必要”之意。做情态动词时，仅用于否定句和疑问句，(在肯定句中一般用must, have to, ought to, should代替。
)只有现在时， 1.—Need we leave soon?
—Yes, you must.(No, you needn't)
You needn’t come so early.
2. ---- Need I finish the work today?
---- Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t.
3.--Need I come? --Yes, you must. --我需要来吗? --需要。
4You needn?t telephone him now. 你现在不必打电话给他。
5.I don?t think you need worry. 我想你不必发愁。
6.She dare not go out alone at night. 她晚上不敢一个人出去。
7.How dare you say I?m unfair? 你竟敢说我不公平?
Not one of them dared mention this. 他们谁也不敢提这件事
做实义动词时，其变化与一般的实义动词相同，有人称、时态和数的变化，后接带to的不定式或者名词。,过去式用needed、did you need?和didn't need,肯定式用needs/needed/need,疑问式用do、does、did提问，否定式要在前面加don't、doesn't、didn't
(need doing = need to be done )表被动1. A job like nursing needs patience and understanding.(need+名词，need understanding=need to be understood,需要被理解)
2.He needs to see a doctor.(need to do)
3.Do you still need volunteers to help clean up after the party?(need somebody to do something)
4.They didn't need to start so early.(do not need to do)
5.You don?t need to do it yourself. 你不必亲自做这件事。
6.We need to tell them the news. 我们需要把这消息告诉他们。
7.The table needs painting (to be painted.). 桌子需要油漆一下。
8.We should dare to give our own opinion. 我们要敢于提出自己的观点。
9.He did not dare (to) look up. 他不敢抬头看。
10..I dare day he?ll come again. 我想他会再来的。
dare用于表示“敢于”之意。做情态动词，没有人称和数的变化，主要用于否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句中。过去式形式为dared。
1.—Dare you tell her the truth?
—Yes, I dare. /No, I daren’t.
3. How dare you accuse me of lying!
4. He daren’t admit this.
5. How dare you say I’m unfair?
6. He daren’t speak English before such a crowd, dare he?
7. If we dared not go there that day， we couldn’t get the beautiful flowers.
用作实义动词时，其变化与一般的实义动词相同。在肯定句中，dare后接带to的不定式;否定句中，dare后既可接带to的不定式，也可接不带to的不定式。1. Only a few journalists dared to cover the story.
2. He doesn’t dare (to) go there alone.
3. Don’t you dare (to) touch it?
4.dare to swim across this river.
5. He doesn’t dare (to) answer.
6. He needs to finish his homework today.
7.I dare to swim across this river.
8.He does not dare (to) answer.
9 .Don't you dare (to) touch it!
10.I wondered he dare (to) say that.
11. He needs to finish it this evening.
七．ought的用法：
情态动词 用法 例句
ought to do表示“应该”之意1. You ought to take care of him.
2. —Ought I go now?
—Yes, you ought to. /No, you oughtn’t to.
3You ought to bring the child here.
表示推测。注意与must表示推测是的区别1. He must be home by now. (断定他已到家)
2. He ought to be home by now. (不十分肯定)
3. This is where the oil must be. (比较直率)
4. This is where the oil ought to be. (比较含蓄)
had bette表示”最好“
had better do sth
had better not do sth
It is pretty cold. You'd better put on my coat.
She'd better not play with the dog.
would rather
would rather do
would rather not do
would rather… than… 宁愿……而不愿。
would sooner,
had rather
had sooner表示”宁愿,宁可"If I have a choice, I had sooner not continue my studies at this school.
I would rather stay here than go home. = I would stay here rather than go home.
说明：should与ought to 表示“应该”时的区别
should 表示自己的主观看法，
ought to的语气中，含有“按道理应该……”之意。(客观推测)，若要反映客观情况或涉及法律义务和规定，一般用ought to。ought to表示义务或责任，比should语气重。
must(主观推测)。如：
1.You should help them with their work.
2.You are his father. You ought to get him to receive good education.
3.He must be home by now.
4.He ought to/should be home by now.
5.This is where the oil must be.
6.This is where the oil ought to/should be.
7.I should help her because she is in trouble.
8.You ought to take care of the baby.
2) 表示劝告、建议和命令。should, ought to可通用，但在疑问句中常用should。
1. You should / ought to go to class right away.
2. Should I open the window?
八．“情态动词+have done ” 用法
情态动词+have done用法例句
must have done表示主观上对过去已经发生的行为进行推测，意为“想必，准是，一定做了某事”肯定句中。否定句用can 代替must1. She must have gone through a lot.
2. He must have visited the White House during his stay in the United States.
3.Linda has gone to work, but her bicycle is still here.
---She must have gone by bus.
may/might have done表示对过去已发生行为的推测，意为“也许/或许已经(没有)……“。一般用于肯定句或否定句中，不用于疑问句。用might则表示语气更加不肯定。1. You may have learnt the news.
2. He may not have heard his name called.
3. Sorry I’m late. I might have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.
can…have done
cannot have done表示对过去发生的行为的怀疑和不肯定，通常用在否定句和疑问句中。(can换成could时语气委婉)
否定句表示：过去一定不。。。1. Where can she have gone?
2. Could he have done such a foolish thing?
3. The boy can’t have finished reading the book so soon because it is difficult even to an adult.
could have done可用于肯定句中，表示“可能已经……”之意，几乎等于may/might have done。后者更委婉一些。此外，还可以表示过去能做而没做的事，有一种对过去为付诸实施的事情的惋惜。
或”过去可能。。。
或本来能。。。而实际没有
1. He could have killed himself driving at a dangerous speed.
2. You could have been more considerate.
3. You could have done better, but you were too careless.
4. She could have been his wife.
她以前可能是他的妻子。
她本应该是他的妻子。
might have done表示“本来可能……，但实际上没有发生的事情”。另外，还可以表示“本来应该或可以做某事”之意，含有轻微的责备语气。1. You should not swim in that sea. You might have been eaten by a shark.
2. He might have given him more help, thought he was busy.
should/ought to have done用于肯定句时，表示本该做某事，而实际上未做;用于否定句时，则表示不该做的事反而做了。1. He should have known that the police would never allow this sort of thing.
2. You shouldn’t have done it so carelessly.
3. You ought to have returned the book earlier.
4. You ought not to have refused his offer.
5. 5.She should have finished it.
6. 6.I should have helped her, but I never could.
7. 7. You should have started earlier.
8. You ought not to have taken the book out of the reading-room.
needn’t have done表示做了本来不必去做的事。注意：didn’t need to do表示“没必要做而实际上也没有做某事”1.You needn’t have watered the plants, for it is going to rain.
2.I didn’t need to buy the dictionary. I had a copy at home.
3.You needn't have waited for me.
had better have done用于事后的建议，含轻微责备的口吻，意为“当时最好做了某事”，其否定式had better not have done表示相反的含义。1.You had better have started earlier.
2.You had better not have scolded her.
would rather have done表示“当时宁愿做了某事”，其否定式would rather not have done表示相反的含义，两者都表示“后悔”之意。1. 1.I would rather have taken his advice.
2. 2.I would rather not have told him the truth.
must to have been doing等
表示对过去某时正发生的事情的推测
情态动词后跟进行式，表示“想必正在……”，“可能正在……”，“应当正在”等意。
1--Why didn't you answer my phone call?
---Well, I must have been sleeping, so I didn't hear it.
2. It?s twelve o?clock. They must be having lunch. 现在是十二点。他们一定正在吃饭。
3.They may be discussing this problem. 他们可能正在论讨这个问题。
4.He can?t be telling the truth. 他说的不可能是真话。
5.She shouldn?t be working like that. She?s still so weak. 她不应当那样干，她身体仍那么虚。
n 情态动词表示猜测
肯定：must>should>could>may>might
n 否定：can’t>shouldn’t>couldn’t>may not>
n 表示要求，命令时，语气由 should(应该)、had better最好)、must(必须)渐强。
必须掌握情态动词表示推测语气时的反意疑问句。例如：
The road is wet. It must have rained, hasn’t it?
The road is wet. It must have rained last night, didn’t it? (多了过去时的时间状语)
I met him on his way home. He can’t be in the library now, isn’t he?
The coat is too close to the fire. It might get burnt, doesn’t it?
情态动词的基本用法归纳
情态动词有can (could), may (might), must, have to, shall (should, will (would), dare (dared), need (needed), ought to等。 情态动词无人称和数的变化;不能单独使用，必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语。
一、can, could
1) 表示能力(体力、知识、技能)。
Can you lift this heavy box?(体力)
Mary can speak three languages.(知识)
Can you skate?(技能)
此时可用be able to代替。Can只有一般现在时和一般过去式;而be able to则有更多的时态。
I’ll not be able to come this afternoon.
当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用be able to，不能用Can。如：
He was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain.
2) 表示请求和允许。
-----Can I go now?
----- Yes, you can. / No, you can’t.
此时可与may互换。在疑问句中还可用could,might代替，不是过去式，只是语气更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答语中。
---- Could I come to see you tomorrow?
---- Yes, you can. ( No, I’m afraid not. )
3) 表示客观可能性(客观原因形成的能力)。
They’ve changed the timetable, so we can go by bus instead.
This hall can hold 500 people at least.
4) 表示推测(惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度)，用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。
Can this be true?
This can’t be done by him.
How can this be true?
二、may, might
1) 表示请求和允许。might比 may语气更委婉，而不是过去式。否定回答时可用can’t或mustn’t，表示“不可以，禁止”。
----Might/ May I smoke in this room?
---- No, you mustn’t.
---- May/Might I take this book out of the room?
---- Yes, you can. (No, you can’t / mustn’t. )
用May I...?征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气，而用Can I...?在口语中更常见。
2)用于祈使句，表示祝愿。
May you succeed!
3) 表示推测、可能性(不用于疑问句)。
might不是过去式，它所表示的可能性比may小。
1.He may /might be very busy now.
2.Your mother may /might not know the truth.
三、must, have to
1) 表示必须、必要。
You must come in time.
在回答引出的问句时，如果是否定的，不能用mustn’t(禁止，不准)，而用needn’t, don’t have to(不必).
---- Must we hand in our exercise books today?
---- Yes, you must.
---- No, you don’t have to / you needn’t.
2) must是说话人的主观看法， 而have to则强调客观需要。Must只有一般现在时， have to 有更多的时态形式。
1. he play isn’t interesting, I really must go now.
2. I had to work when I was your age.
3) 表示推测、可能性(只用于肯定的陈述句)
1. You’re Tom’s good friend, so you must know what he likes best.
2. Your mother must be waiting for you now.
四、dare, need
1) dare作情态动词用时, 常用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中, 过去式形式为dared。
1. How dare you say I’m unfair?
2. He daren’t speak English before such a crowd, dare he?
3. If we dared not go there that day， we couldn’t get the beautiful flowers.
2) need 作情态动词用时, 常用于疑问句、否定句。在肯定句中一般用must, have to, ought to, should代替。
1.You needn’t come so early.
2. ---- Need I finish the work today?
---- Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t.
3) dare和 need作实义动词用时， 有人称、时态和数的变化。在肯定句中，dare后面常接带to的不定式。在疑问句和否定句中，dare后面可接带to或不带to的不定式。而need后面只能接带to的不定式。
1. I dare to swim across this river.
2. He doesn’t dare (to) answer.
3. He needs to finish his homework today.
五、shall, should
1) shall 用于第一人称，征求对方的意见。
What shall we do this evening?
2) shall 用于第二、三人称，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。
1. You shall fail if you don’t work hard.(警告)
2. He shall have the book when I finish it.(允诺)
3. He shall be punished.(威胁)
六、will, would
1) 表示请求、建议等，would更委婉。
Will / Would you pass me the ball, please?
2) 表示意志、愿望和决心。
1. I will never do that again.
2. They asked him if he would go abroad.
3) would表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。would表示过去习惯时比used to正式，且没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。
1. During the vacation, he would visit me every other day.
2. The wound would not heal.
4) 表示估计和猜想。
It would be about ten o’clock when she left home.
七、should, ought to
1) should, ought to表示“应该”，ought to表示义务或责任，比should语气重。
1. I should help her because she is in trouble.
2. You ought to take care of the baby.
2) 表示劝告、建议和命令。should, ought to可通用，但在疑问句中常用should。
1. You should / ought to go to class right away.
2. Should I open the window?
3) 表示推测
should , ought to (客观推测), must(主观推测)。
1.He must be home by now. (断定他已到家)
2.He ought to/should be home by now.(不太肯定)
3. This is where the oil must be.(直爽)
4. This is where the oil ought to/should be.(含蓄)
八、情态动词+不定式完成式（have done）
1) can / could + have done在肯定句中表示“本来可以做而实际上能做某事”，是虚拟语气;在疑问句或否定句中表示对过去行为的怀疑或不肯定, 表示推测。
1. You could have done better, but you didn’t try your best. (虚拟语气)
2. He can’t have been to that town.(推测)
3. Can he have got the book?(推测)
2) may / might +不定式完成式(have done)
表示对过去行为的推测。不能用于疑问句中，没有虚拟语气的用法。Might所表示的可能性比may小。
1. He may not have finished the work .
2. If we had taken the other road, we might have arrived earlier.
3)must +不定式完成式(have done)
用于肯定句中，表示对过去行为的推测。意为“一定、想必”。其疑问、否定形式用can，can’t代替。参看1) can / could + have done表示推测。
1. You must have seen the film Titanic.
2. He must have been to Shanghai.
4)should +不定式完成式(have done)
用于肯定句中，表示对过去行为的推测。
He should have finished the work by now。
表示“本应该做而实际上没有做某事”，其否定式表示某种行为本不该发生却发生了。可以与ought to +不定式完成式(have done)互换。
1. You ought to / should have helped him. (but you didn’t.)
2. She shouldn’t have taken away my measuring tape, for I wanted to use it.
5) needn’t +不定式完成式(have done)
表示“本来不必做而实际上做了某事”。
You needn’t have watered the flowers, for it is going to rain.
6) will +不定式完成式(have done)
主要用于第二、三人称，表示对已完成的动作或事态的推测。
He will have arrived by now.
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