gre高分作文

“据期口儿变动”通过精心收集，向本站投稿了18篇gre高分作文，以下是小编为大家整理后的gre高分作文，欢迎参阅，希望可以帮助到有需要的朋友。

篇1：GRE高分

一 单词

大家可能从前人那里听到过从新东方流传出的“单词是GRE的王道”的说法，诚然，单词是整个考试的重中之重，单词如果真正达到了“王道”，成绩肯定低不了。我是从去年4月份开始了解GRE并开始准备的，记得当时花了一整个晚上看了参考了网上许多关于如何选择GRE复习备考书籍的帖子，然后立刻上joyo把该买的书都买了，再然后就开始了长达14个月的背单词过程。说是14个月，其实真正在背单词的时间不超过8个月，中间被各种考试各种大作业各种活动打断了多次，而且有好几次是一整月都没摸红宝书，再看的时候记忆率骤降，这一点大家千万引以为戒，坚持连续背单词的话可以在很大程度上缩短备考时间。另外，我背单词的过程没有任何特殊的，第一遍红宝用了2个月之久，之后用过两次26天法，但都没有达到真正意义上的完成，复习时偷工减料，所以红宝中靠后的单词直到考前都不是很扎实。虽然我磨磨唧唧地背了这么久，但是在考前试了一下，记忆率最多也就80%，并没有网上常说的95%。但是，常考的一些单词我是很熟的，一起准备GRE的同学时常把我当“肉体字典”用…可见，对红宝中的单词要区别对待，抓住重点。在后面的类反部分我还会提到这个问题。

二 写作

作文是中国学生普遍头疼的项目，我的AW虽然不是很高，但是能有这样的分数，我觉得主要靠的是argument。我估计我的argu是5.5分，issue是3.5分。目前，对于argu的主流备考方法是找个顺眼的模板，随手修改一下，然后就找题目往上套。我一开始也是这样的，可是写了几篇之后就觉得自己写的东西很同质化，对原文的攻击无关痛痒，就像一个爱挑刺的怨妇在无病呻吟，于是我开始上网看各种经验帖，那时，《argument就应该这样写》一文给了我很大的启示，让我真正去思考新东方GRE课上韦晓亮老师一再强调的让步式攻击理论，以及如何抓住最应该攻击的点。之后我写的argu就有了一种脱胎换骨的感觉，第二三段就点中了原文的死穴，后面的段落就是如小亮老师上课所讲的纯粹“鞭尸”了。关于issue，我并没有太好的心得，因为我读过看过的东西太少，中文作文都写不利索，这也是我身边很多备考GRE的同学的感受。我只是借着陈琦老师小牛人俱乐部的sophia同学的提纲，熟悉了一下top80，从北美范文中提取了一个自己的模板，练习到在规定时间内能写出600字文章的程度，最终只能说是基本满意。在此我很想说，陈琦老师的“小牛人俱乐部”对于我们每个GRE考生的备考来说，确实起到了相当大的积极影响。不仅仅小牛人俱乐部是我们每一个备考GRE学生奋斗的目标，小牛人俱乐部中许多优秀学生也确实在备考过程中在很大程度上无私地帮助了我们。总的来讲，如果你是一个理科生，你的目标是4分，那我觉得完全可以保A争I（I也不能差到离谱，3分为底线），在A上一定要多琢磨怎么能把别人说得体无完肤，让他想找个地缝钻进去，那你的A就离6分不远了。

三 类反

类反这个东西完全就是考单词，70%的类反题只要认识单词，不需要怎么过脑子就可以快速找出答案（反义题尤其如此）。另外25%就要靠多积累了，遇到过就会很快做出来，没遇过就犯想，而且非常容易错。这95%是可操作的部分，剩下的5%就随它而去吧，比如6G考的那个wayward。那么如何抓住这95%呢？首先就是红宝要过关，这是基础，然后要想在此基础上提分，就要抓住真题。以前考过的选项是很容易复现的，我做黄皮类反的过程中感觉很多搭配重复出现过太多遍。考场上也一定会有很多以前出现过的选项。所以这些高频常考词以及选项一定要弄得清清楚楚，如数家珍。之所以如此，除了自己的努力外，很大程度上还得益于陈琦老师的课程。他课上对于类比分类总结的相当成熟，因此他的学生里决不会出现“单词认识，题目不会做”的情况。而同时，陈老师课上对于单词考法的精确总结，确确实实大大地缩短了我的复习备考时间。所以我在复习的过程中能够潜移默化地去这样做。此外，考前一周一定要过两遍猴哥类反excel表格，考试一定会考到里面的原题的。这个文档陈琦老师会为你准备好的，并在类比反义单项班上为大家讲解难题。但是需要注意一点，一定要在做过至少一遍真题之后再看猴哥，否则会凭印象做题，产生自己“任何题目都会做”的幻觉，从而浪费了宝贵的真题。

四 填空

填空完全可以用那三字经来概括――找重复！所谓的重复是指正确答案要么是与题干中的某个单词或词组同义，要么就是反义，而这种解题思路也与ETS的出题意图不谋而合――正确答案是根据题目的线索推出的。我在备考的后期严重感觉到，找到重复就对，没找到重复就只能靠逻辑去排除选项，然后再2选1或3选1，非常费时，而且最终常常选错。上帝不会掷筛子，也没人喜欢在考场上掷筛子，所以，一定要在考前多练，产生对重复点的敏感，推荐下新东方出版的蓝皮《GRE句子填空》，认真看里面的讲解，尤其是蒙对的题和蒙错的题（也就是没找到重复点的题），多多揣摩，整本书做下来，水平一定提高不少。

五 阅读

阅读，这个我最没有发言权，只做了大概20篇，然后就懒得做了，模考的时候经常要错一半。如果我好好练习阅读的话，V是有希望上700的（小牛人俱乐部啊。。。）。所以对于想要取得高分的同学，阅读一定不能查。而对于像我一样英语能力不是特别强的同学，想要在短时间内提高阅读其实是比较困难的，有一种折中的解决方案是大胆地放弃小阅读，这样可以赢得宝贵的7分钟左右的时间来把类反和填空做好。我们可以算一笔帐，如果类反和填空的错误总数控制在10个以内（这并不是很难完成的目标），阅读错掉一半，也就是11个，仍然可以获得600分的成绩。当然，我还是建议在模考中尽量达到能在18分钟内完成每个section的阅读。

六 模考

另外说说模考，经常有同学抱怨，模考次次上700啊，怎么最后还没考到600，

对于我来讲，我考试的分数几乎是我模考分数的上确界了。模考是很容易产生水分的，而我采取了一系列措施挤干模考的水分。

1. 做各种蓝皮的时候有意识地回避95-的真题，这样模考的时候遇到的题目都是之前没做过的，和考场上的情况是一样的，考试的时候遇到新词新题也不会紧张。

2. 模考前半段不要看猴哥，剩最后两套题的时候再看一下，感受一下看过猴哥以后类反部分有多水；

3. 模考的时候严格掐时间，每做完一种题型就看下时间，记住自己的节奏。比如对我来说，先做类比和反义，总共5分钟，然后是填空，6分钟，然后用1分钟把前面的答案填到答题卡上，最后用剩下的18分钟完成阅读并完成涂卡。

做到了以上三点，模考才是真实的，模考的分数才是有参考价值的。

七 数学

数学对于理工科背景同学来说，真没必要浪费太多时间复习，蓝皮可以做一做，但是那本书有些过时，建议找一下数学常考词汇的总结，做做黄皮模考就OK了，和考试一个路子。但是做题一定要细心仔细。

八 关于新东方

我上了去年秋季学期的GRE周末强化班，还有今年3月的GRE类比反义单项班，5月的点题班，6月的模考班。许多同学在一开始准备GRE的时候都会问，到底要不要上新东方的培训班。我的建议是，条件允许的话还是最好去上一上。新东方的作用主要在于，可以让我们在准备一门考试的开始阶段快速入门。说白了也就是花钱来节省我们的时间，使得我们从一个比较高的起点开始备考，避免自己一个人走弯路。还有一点很重要，你可以在那里认识一群志同道合的朋友，在备考的路上互相鼓励互相帮助。说到这里，感谢一下TR852班群里的朋友们，你们是我动力的源泉！

九 综述

就像无数前人说的，GRE是个体力活，没什么捷径。自己真正走完了整个过程，对这句话才有了深刻的体会。另外，从申请的角度来看，我们还需要考托福，保GPA，做科研，因此我们要适当地压缩备考的时间，提高效率，GRE成绩并不是决定我们未来OFFER的唯一因素。

分享GRE高分牛人应试经验：考前攻克六大心魔

近来，ETS频频调整GRE考试政策，考试难度正逐年增加。特别是今年，ETS推行新的考试方法，而考试延期又打乱了考生的复习计划，这对考生备考有一定影响。专家提醒考生，在心理上要克服以下6大障碍，才可能获得GRE高分。

轻敌

有些考生“底子”厚，拿了英语专业8级证书，或是得了全国英语竞赛大奖，于是不把GRE放在眼里。其实，GRE不是单纯的语言能力考试，而是专业知识水平考试，考查考生是否具有在美国研究生院学习的能力，特别是阅读理解能力、逻辑推理能力及分析推理能力。因此，英语基础好虽然有一定优势，但仍需要通过大量的练习来熟悉题型。

急躁

有些考生抱着“拿个高分一次过关”的心理，这对其顺利通过考试反而不利。过于看重考试成绩，会加重心理负担，从而影响考生水平的正常发挥。相反，如果抱着提高英语水平的态度轻松上阵，能有效提高学习的积极性，更加从容地应对考试。其实，GRE考试中，词汇、阅读、作文，每一项都对提高考生英语水平有实际作用。因此，不管最后的成绩如何，考生都会有不小的收获。

闭塞

有些考生喜欢关起门来苦读，平时很少上网查询信息，也很少与人交流心得。这种闭门造车式复习方法带来的结果是：他所用的教材可能已被淘汰，他的复习方法可能也早已落伍，而他沿着错误的道路正越走越远。

迷信

有些考生对自己没信心，迷信所谓的“高分培训班”，以为交了“银子”，“名师”就能搞定一切。可老话说得好：师傅领进门，修行靠自身。如果自己不努力，再好的名师也无法越俎代庖。还有些考生整天在网上搜寻别人的成功经验，殊不知，每个人的基础不同，只有自己摸索出来的经验，才是最可靠、最适用的。

投机

有些考生对基础练习缺乏耐心，而是醉心于研究各种考试技巧，希望能够四两拨千斤。然而事实是，熟能生巧，只有反复练习才能掌握考试方法，如果靠投机取巧，最后只能是拣了芝麻丢了西瓜。考生要千万记住：技巧只是锦上添花的东西，熟练才是备考GRE的真谛。

犹豫

有些考生在参加GRE考试时过于患得患失，总盘算着自己行不行、什么时候考最有利、许多宝贵的复习时间就在犹豫中浪费了。还有些考生虽然定了复习计划，执行起来总是拖拖拉拉，三天打鱼两天晒网，临到考试才发现脑袋空空。对待GRE的态度一定要果断，判断好得失利弊，制定好复习计划，然后一鼓作气，拿下高分。

篇2：gre高分作文

“Wisdom is rightfully attributed not to people who know what to look for in life but to people who know what to overlook.”

I disagree with the opinion expressed above, in that I feel that the statement is omitting a very big part of what learning is all about. I firmly believe that wisdom is gained by careful observation of all that is around us in our lives. We gain a great deal by watching those around us, or by observing our surroundings, as well as watching the assembly of an object. All my life, I have learned a great deal by being very observant of people and their reactions to certain situations, or to procedures that are to be followed. Being observant has helped tremendously in travelling as well, since it has helped me recall certain landmarks to know if I am going in the correct direction. It is true that if we pay too much attention to insignificant detail, we clutter our minds with too much that is unnecesssary. Instead, we should have more time to devote our attention to that which is meaningful. In the field of science, we teach our students to be observant, and to look for specific reactions. If they don't learn to watch closely and record their data precisely, their results will be less than adequate, and their data will most likely not be very accurate or dependable. The statement above has merit, but it does not represent widsom in its entirety. It doesn't do justice to the great amount of learning that thas taken place through the ages through simple observation. Our forefathers survived by learning and knowing what to look for. That information was then passed on, so each successive generation didn't have to gather the same basic knowledge, but could build on what had already been learned. As a society, we need to lean on those who come before us, to learn valuable lessons from their experience, and to decipher that which we can improve on and that which is steadfast through the ages.

Comments:

This response presents a competent analysis of the issue, taking a position contrary to that expressed in the prompt, at least initially.

After stating the importance of “careful observation of all that is around us,” the response presents reasons and examples to support that position. The examples are clear and relevant, although the analysis is fairly brief. Also, the organization and focus of the response weakens a little, especially as the writer interrupts the group of examples with a statement that “if we pay too much attention to insignificant detail, we will clutter our minds with too much that is unnecessary.” This statement modifies -- and weakens -- the initial position, which the writer believed “firmly.”

The writer抯 ideas are conveyed with reasonable clarity, but -- as is evident in the closing sentence -- this response lacks the skillful use of sentence structure and vocabulary that communicate meaning in responses that typically earn higher scores.

篇3：gre高分作文

“Wisdom is rightfully attributed not to people who know what to look for in life but to people who know what to overlook.”

I believe this statement is how you look at a glass of water. Either the glass is half full or it is half empty. The opptimist would look for things in life, whereas the pessimist would try to aviod things in life. This summary will explain how looking for things in life better than overlooking a persons involvement in new opportunities and to learn from these new experiences.

I am strong believer in hands on experiences. If I have a open mind, try new things, and look for new answers to my questions about life, I will in the end gain wisdom because I have experienced many new situations. I plan on becoming a speech language pathologist in the future. In this field I will be dealing with clients who may have a disorder, such as autism or a cognitive delay. I must be aware of the red flags that identify these disorders. I must look for the obvious symptoms before I can overlook anything. If I would in my mind tell my self to overlook things. The result would be detrimental to my career and the individual I am treating.

Who can predict the future? So how can someone purposely overlook an experience in which they may recieve a life lesson or gain knowledge. In conclusion, a person should look at the glass half full. No one can predict the future so how can one know what to overlook. Look for things in life, you may even stumble across that wisdom you were looking for in the first place.

Comments:

This response displays some competence analytic writing since it presents a position on the issue and has a clear pattern of organization.

The opening paragraph introduces the topic and states a position that neither agrees or disagrees completely with the stated claim. The second paragraph presents an example; and the last paragraph provides a clear conclusion. The one example is minimally developed, however, and does not clearly explain “how looking for things in life [is] better than overlooking a person[抅s involvement in new opportunities.”

There are numerous small errors and problems in sentence structure (e.g., “If I would in my mind tell my self to overlook things.”), but they do not seriously interfere with meaning. Thus, this response meets the criteria for a score of 3.

篇4：GRE如何拿高分

GRE333高分从何而来?学霸手把手教你背单词

GRE词汇复习资料一览

复习GRE期间，我针对单词用过的资料，按照开始执行的时间顺序依次是：Barron’sEssential Words for the GRE(800个词)，Magoosh’s List(300个词)，SAT Barron’s Hot Words(每个字母10个左右，都是很经典的单词)，网上高智威GRE填空机经高频词(300个词),考前三周开始《要你命的3000》，考前一周开始《VerbalAdvantage》。

怎样正确看待和使用不同的GRE词汇书

我对书籍的使用有自己的理解。我的方法是，从小部头的词汇书开始，像巴郎、Magoosh那些。小的书有两个好处，一是词汇都非常精，高频、常用，对于阅读理解的帮助是特别明显的，二是可以让自己背起来比较有信心，完成一遍耗时比较少。尤其是我在备考中期选择找到5年前考SAT的书，开始背里面的词，就算很多词不认识了，但毕竟是自己曾经背过的，有的词旁边还有当年的笔记以及自创的搞笑记忆法，背起来就又快又有信心了。当这些小书多背几本后，最后的《3000》就是个查漏的过程，总结出来《3000》里之前没有背过的新词数量是600个左右。

背单词主动总结是关键态度

另外一个背单词的关键态度是主动总结。我个人的方法是准备一个本子，不认识的词汇都写在上面。这样，到了最后，这个本子就是一本你自己创作出来的单词书，很多时候你手里捧着的是你自己的体会，而不是书店里买来、铅字印出来的教条。平时做陈圣元以及背书时遇到的重点词汇都可以往这个本子上写，不用从第一页从头写到尾，而是从不同页码开始，用各种方式进行分类：不管是按照意群总结、还是单纯地按照出自哪本书划分，都可以让这个单词本从最大程度上达到可用性。按照这个道理，最后考前三周头一次打开《3000》的时候，我就是用一个新本子，把《3000》里不认识的词写在那个本子上，一本大书瞬间就缩成了一串背起来相对轻松的600个单词。

多查字典也是重要手段

同时，多查字典是重要的。我自己现在一直认为，如果当初不是朋友的家长送了我一个iPhone，我的GRE准备过程会是失败的。因为现在很难随时翻实体字典，而iPhone很好的弥补了自己的遗憾。建议下载韦氏字典非删节版本，App Store有，英文释义，特别的完整，都有很好的例句和同义词对比。背单词的时候，一有疑惑，马上查字典。同时平常坐车什么的时候，脑中如果突然闪入了什么词汇，也是可以随手一查的。查字典和之前说的单词本配合使用效果特别好：单词本上自己总结的词汇旁边尽量不要写中文释义，可以要么不写任何释义，要么写英文同义词，这样可以“强迫”自己每次刷单词的时候达到最大程度的准确性和记忆效果。

背单词不能停

关于单词不能停的重要性已经很多人说过了，这个我觉得也是短期复习的一个优势，这样背单词的过程始终是有新鲜感的，尤其对我个人来说考前一周才开始背的单词到最后都能达到最大程度的保鲜。备考期间，我个人背单词的场所几乎都是在上下班的公交车上和公司午饭之后的空当，这样每次背单词的时间不长，所以不会疲劳，效率更高。关于这种对于效率的理解，或许因人而异，所以每个人应该针对自己的习惯以及复习条件来做安排。

开启重复记忆的马达 不再烦恼背单词的捷径

1.集中重点词汇

每一个准备考GRE考试的考生，英语水平情况各不相同，大家背单词，最好按照四六级词汇+GRE词汇的一个完整线路把词汇系统的去背一遍，既记牢基础词汇又把那些高难单词枪毙掉，同时做好新GRE高频词汇的巩固。尤其是中学的同学去准备国外考试，更应该把四六级词汇好好地背背，扩充自己的GRE词汇量，打下一个坚实的基础。

基础单词+核心GRE词汇将保证GRE考生在考试时，阅读中选项无任何单词障碍。这两部分总共八千多个单词听起来可不是个小数目，但实际上考生往往只掌握了其中的三分之一左右，需要大家好好打下一个词汇基础。对于剩下的三分之二的单词，必须制定一个严格的2-3个月的背GRE词汇的计划和有效的利用词汇记忆法，天天背一些，而不是企图“10天就突破GRE 词汇”。

2.提高复习效率

背单词最重要的是要进行科学有效地重复复习，克服单词的自然遗忘。我们要在记忆中复习，在复习中记忆，一步一步层层推进：根据艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线--距离记忆的时间越短发生遗忘的速度越快，我们应该在刚刚背过单词的时候以相对高的频率复习，半个月之内科学地重复，在较长时间以后则可以降低复习的频率。

比如制定一个背词计划时间表(仅供参考)：假设每天要背100个生词，每天分成两个时间段来背，可以早上和晚上，每个时间段最少保持一个小时，第一遍可以把单词解释和例句看仔细，然后以较快速度反复去背其重点释义，一般背前面两个意思，至于用法和搭配则可先略看，留待复习时再说，这样一个时间段就可以快速重复6-7遍了，一天就可以重复10遍以上了。

3.重复复习

每天看新的单词之前可以先复习前两天的内容2遍，每天重复前两天的内容，一个礼拜再把这个礼拜所背的单词再快速复习3--5遍，半个月再把这半个月所背的单词快速复习5遍，这样的操作，就可以有效地解决遗忘的问题。

为了不至于背了后面忘了前面，最好保持一个背词的快速重复，用较短时间把词汇书从A到Z第一遍先过完，每天再按一定的量背，如果每天只背5个、10个词的念头当休矣，这会把战线拖得过长，事实证明记忆效果极差，一天背的数量可以增加，不要期待自己第一遍就把所有的单词全部记住，能记住三分之二就可以了。另外在背词过程当中，对于反复遗忘的生词应该在前面用红笔做个标记，每天重点看这些生词，用逐步淘汰法把重点单词重点去记，抓紧点滴时间重点记忆。

必背GRE词汇

1.grat-thank

grateful 感激的 gratitude 感激 ingratitude 忘恩负义 ingratiate 讨好 gratify 使满足 gratuity小费 gratis免费的 gratuitous 无缘无故的 ingrate忘恩负义的 engrave 雕刻 ingrain 根深蒂固的 ingrate 激怒 grate 使人烦躁，发摩擦声;发咯吱声

2.patr-father

repatriate 遣返 expatriate 放逐 patrician 贵族 patriot 爱国者 compatriot 同胞 patriarchy 父权统治 matriarchy 母权统治 anarchy 无政府(状态)，混乱 monarchy 君主制 oligarchy 寡头统治 hierarchy 等级制度

3.crac/crat-power

democracy民主，民主制度 meritocracy 贤能统治 theocracy 神权政治 aristocrat 贵族 autocratic 独裁的 bureaucrat 官僚政治 plutocracy 财阀统治

4.matr-mather

matrimony 婚姻 matrix矩阵 maternity 母性，孕妇 matriculate录取

5.cred-trust

incredible难以置信的 discredit v.怀疑 n.丧失名誉 credulous 轻信的accredit 受权 credential 信任状 (credo creed) 信条

6.loqu/locu-speak

eloquent 雄辩的 elocution 演说术 colloquial 口语的,日常对话 interlocution 对话 loquacious饶舌的,喋喋不休的 locution习惯用语 circumlocution 绕圈子的话 (grandiloquent magniloquent) 浮夸的 soliloquy 独白 obloquy(ob-=against) 指责,辱骂

7.log/logue-speak

prologue 开场白 monologue独白 catalogue 目录eulogy颂词 trilogy 三部曲 epilogue 尾声

8.epi-on the top of

epilogue 尾声 epitaph墓志铭(motto座右铭) epitome典型 epithet 外号绰号 epidermis表皮(dermatology) 皮肤病学 derm-皮肤

9.fuse

diffuse扩散 effuse流出 infuse注入 profuse大量的 transfuse输血 defuse去掉引线

10.wick 小蜡烛 taper n.细蜡烛v.逐渐变细 (taper off减少)

diminish减少 abridge删节 dwindle逐渐减少 curtail 缩减 retrench缩减 wane缺少 wax增加

11.spring泉水 bog沼泽 (marsh morass quagmire mire)沼泽，(使陷入麻烦) glacier冰川 tributary支流的 distributary分流的 (distribute分发 attribute归因于 contribute贡献 tribute-贡品颂词) (creek brook)小溪，小河 rapids急流 confluence汇流

(eddy vortex)漩涡 (vertex)顶点 meander蜿蜒而流 (cascade cataract)大瀑布 sediment沉积物 delta 三角洲estuary 入海口 dredge 挖泥船 silt 淤泥 levee 防洪堤 sluice水闸 canal 运河

12.倾向癖好propensity tendency disposition predisposition inclination proclivity bent liability predilection penchant (enchant trenchant)一针见血 orientation介绍性指导

13.fledgling小鸟，新手 neophyte生手，新信徒 (novice tyro)新手rookie菜鸟 recruit 新兵，招聘 apprentice学徒

14.immortal 不朽的 immoral 不道德的 immolate牺牲献祭

必背GRE词汇

1.per-through

perforate打孔打洞 perennial终年的 permanent永久的 perpetuate使不朽，永存 percolate过滤(colander滤器) permeate渗入渗透 persevere坚持不懈 perverted堕落 peremptory专横的，不容反驳的 preempt 优先购买disperse使分散驱散

2.anthrop-human being

anthropology人类学(anthology诗集文选) philanthropist慈善家 misanthropist 愤世嫉俗的人anthropoid类人猿

3.hypo-under

hypothesis假设 hypotension低血压(hypertension高血压) hypodermic皮下注射 hypochondriac忧郁症的 hypocritical伪善的虚伪的

4.ple-fill

implement 贯彻执行complement补充(compliment恭维称赞) supplement增补补充 deplete用尽 replete装满充满 plethora过量过剩

5.vid/vis-look at

videotape录像带 provident有远见的 visual视觉的 vista签证 visage面容 vision远见,视力 revise修订 supervise监督学监 improvise即兴演讲 previse预见预示 provision供应 envision预想 invidious容易遭到别人嫉妒的

6.spir-breathe

spirit精神 dispirit使气馁 inspire鼓舞 conspire共谋串通 respire呼吸 aspire热望渴望 expire到期 perspire出汗 transpire蒸发 spirometer肺活量计 thermometer温度计 perimeter周长 odometer里程表 tachometer转速表 symmetrical对称的 symbiosis共生

7.spic/spec-look at

auspice占卜 conspicuous显眼的 despicable可比的 introspection反省 circumspect谨慎的 retrospect回想回顾 prospect前景，期望;勘测 perspicuous显眼的清晰的 specious华而不实的 spectator观众 spectacle(s)风景(眼睛的) spectacular壮观的

8.组成关系：

mosaic镶嵌图案-glass montage综合画-imige ballet芭蕾舞团-dancer cast演员阵容-acter constellation-star chord和弦-note clientele顾客群 faculty全体教师-teacher rabble暴民-people hodgepodge大杂烩-item medley串唱-song repertoire全部剧目-play archipelago群岛-island zigzag Z字型-turn

9.来自法语的

memoir回忆录 repertoire全部剧目 boudoir闺房 reservoir水库油藏 bizarre奇怪的 bazaar集市 blasé厌烦享乐的 ennui厌倦 cliché陈词滥调 avant-garde先锋派先驱 genre体裁流派 vignette小插图 silhouette剪影 denouement结局 baton指挥棒，接力棒(gavel法官等用的小木槌 gravel用碎石铺成的路) cuisine烹调 entrée主菜 debonair和蔼的 debauch堕落 nonchalant冷漠的 rendezvous 约会地点sobriquet绰号外号 debut首次演出

必背GRE词汇

1.fid-trust相信

fidelity忠诚 infidel异教徒 confide吐露心声 confident自信的 diffident缺乏自信的 confidential机密的 perfidious不忠诚的 affidavit宣誓书

2.duct/duc-lead带领

conduct引导 deduct扣除 deduce推理 induce诱导，感应 seduce色诱，引诱 abduct拐卖 induct使…上任，就职 reduce减少 irreducible不能约分的 ductile有延展性的 transducer传感器 aqueduct引水渠 viaduct高架桥

3.culp-guilt有罪

culprit罪人，犯人 culpable有罪的 exculpate开拓，免罪 inculpate使某人有罪 criminal罪犯 decriminalize使非刑式话 incriminate控告 recriminate反控

4.fer-carry

confer协商 ferry渡口渡运 transfer转移 deferential恭敬的 proliferate增生 vociferous喧哗的 luminiferous发光的 somniferous催眠

5.eu-good

eulogy颂词 eugenic优生优育 euphemism委婉语 euphoria新欢症 euphony悦耳的声音 cacophony不好听的声音 microphone麦克风 symphony交响乐 phonetic语言学

6.反复无常的善变的：(capricious whimsical)类比中出现一定正确 mercurial fickle(感情上) inconstant(感情上) erratic(行走路线) volatile挥发的 labile易分解的 protean变化多端的 versatile(多才多艺的，反复无常的)

7.天真的朴实的(缺心眼的)：ingenuous artless guileless naive simple unsophisticate dartful 狡猾的

8.不自然的做作的：affected mannered stilted artificial stagy histrionic pretentious studied

9.特例独行的人：nonconformist iconoclast bohemian maverick arsenal oasis绿洲 nirvana

10.文体相关：doggerel打油诗 sonnet十四行诗 limerick五行打油诗 anthology诗集 panegyric颂词 (hymn paean psalm anthem)赞美诗 (anathema诅咒) (elegy dirge)哀歌惋诗 (lampoon satire)讽刺作品 anecdote趣闻轶事 mystery推理小说 valediction告别词 ode颂词 parody讽刺性文章 spoof(parody的一种) discourse一般演讲 (diatribe tirade harangue screed)长篇抨击性文章(特点：长，骂人)

11.来自意大利语的：dilettante业余爱好者 (maestro virtuoso)艺术大师 bravura出色的表演 finale(歌剧)歌词 libretto crescendo声音渐强 decrescendo声音渐弱 piano轻轻的 forte强音的 imbroglio混乱的状态 vendetta世仇 incognito隐姓埋名的 fiasco巨大的失败 portfolio公文包

篇5：GRE作文高分经验

GRE作文高分经验分享

第一，文章开始点明中心句

在每一段开始的第一行，最好能明确地表达你想说什么，也就是中心句。

这做法虽然死板，但往往有奇效。特别是对自己逻辑推理不是很有信心的各位，说清楚了，没说全面总比说都没说清楚要好。

第二，写作这个东西其实是相通的

我们中的很大一部分在高考结束后恐怕很少再写这么长的，同时主题又相对深刻的文字。英文只是一个表达方式，而论证过程则和中文没有任何区别。如果实在觉得难以上手，不妨先试试写一篇自己认为很深刻的中文文章看看。在逻辑和思想方面，这样的训练方式会有奇效，同时对于心理是一个不小的鼓舞。

第三，有关范文

范文是一定要看的，看什么。我建议，开始的时候，不要纠结于某某单词的某某用法，大不了你写的时候不用就是了。要大略的看，看作者是怎么展开题目，从哪几个方面入手，各自怎么论证的。

很重要的一点是，不要迷信范文。没有任何证据表明你看到的这篇范文出自一位逻辑学大师的手，即便确实如此，对于同一问题有不同的见解这是再正常不过的事情。思路可以借鉴，但千万不要僵化。

与此本质相同的另一个方法是，请别人改作文，就观点改或就文字改，按个人情况取舍。

第四，专门练习句子

如果真的想兼顾文字，不如在练逻辑练累的时候(我知道很容易累，很枯燥)，专门拿出一点时间去写一些句子，效果更好。

如果说模版的话，这样就足够了。模版这个东西，背太多没好处，太容易局限思维，还有雷同的风险。

第五，培养找到错误的能力

还要说明一点，以上是针对整个AW而言。对于argument，特别需要注意的是培养找到错误的能力。

具体方法是，阅读一定量的题目。

这样的好处有二：

一、通过阅读题目，只找错误来训练。

二、没有谁能保证argument里面不会出现一个你不认识的'单词，万一是个关键词，那可就……

argument其实和issue也是想通的，锻炼一者的同时另一者一定也会提高，所以不要纠结浪费时间的问题。

第六，关于机经

我的意见是，反正写什么都是写，不如按照机经写。当然，如果能写很多很多，那我的意见没有什么参考价值。

综上所述，要想获得新GRE满分作文，掌握正确的复习方法是很重要的，各位考生可以结合自身的具体情况，参考以上这六种经验总结来帮助自己获得新GRE写作高分。

篇6：高分GRE考试作文如何写

高分GRE考试作文如何写

1. 必须研究范文

研究范文，尤其是5分和6分的范文是非常重要的。因为范文可以说是最权威的辅导资料。要求不是简单的熟读和背诵，而是逐字逐句的体会作者的意思及修辞。看范文的同时也要看ETS对范文的评论，非常精彩，也可以参考学习。这会非常有利于理解考试所考的重点。

2. 养成联想思维能力

必须要做到形成惯性思维，考试时间非常紧张，只有有充分思维准备的人，才能驾轻就熟，运用自如。题目中提到politics，大脑中就应当出现Franklin Roosevelt， Lincoln， Gerhard Schroeder， Gandhi; 提到art，就该想到Rembrandt， Van Gogh， Starry night， night watch， Hemmingway， the old man and the sea; 提到Scandal，就该想到Nixon，Watergate，bill Clinton，sex sandal，Enron。总之，熟练非常重要.

3. 借鉴别人的文章

学习他人的文章和写作思路，是提高自己水平的有效途径。参考优秀的高分满分作文，学习词汇和句式的用法，总结经验心得，对于自己的提升也是巨大的。

4. 多动脑筋多思考

多写不如多改，多改不如多想，针对写作思路，自我总结，思考适合自己的写作方式，思考自己擅长的论证方法，总之，要多想。活跃思维的同时也提高了思考能力。

5. 通读GRE作文题库

GRE作文的题库是完全开放的，考前把题目都过一遍，了解其中的思路和写作方式，在考试中碰到可以大量节省时间，提高写作效率。

6. 准备原创作文例子

必须要有自己的例子。没有哪个考官会喜欢几百号人都说Van Gogh， Einstein， Curie。要结合自身经历，准备一些比较独家又有代表性的例子。

GRE写作高分经验：模仿别人的优秀文章

所有的写作都是从模仿开始。参考他人的文章，学习别人的写法，最后写出自己的文章。模仿有几个前提条件：

1.要有可以模仿的文章(最好是带有说理性的文章)

2.要理解这篇文章，理解它的用词、句子结构、段落结构

3.这些文章最好具备正确的中文翻译和适当的文章长度

具体做法：首先分析文章，分析每一句和上一句的关系。美国人写作文的一个特点是，通常每段的第一句就包含整段文字的内容，也就是我们常说的topic sentence。另一个特点是当你写完一个句子后，你要多问为什么。提出一个问题，然后给出一个圆满的回答，这就是一篇优秀的作文。

GRE写作高分经验：提高逻辑思维能力

在众多英语类写作考试中，托福写作是相对容易的。因为它的作文题本身非常简单，看到一个作文题你几乎就知道该怎么写。而GRE作文就相对复杂了。GRE作文方式永远是两种态度，两种方式让你选择。它永远是有对照性的。TOEFL作文考：“吃饭是在家里吃好，还是到饭店里吃好”; GRE作文考得就是：“在我们这个社会中间，现在专业人士太多了，而有综合知识的人太少了。你认为我们是更需要具有专业知识的人呢，还是需要具有广博知识的人?”TOEFL考生活、学习;GRE考日常学术行为。但是不管它出什么题目，总是会摆出两种态度供你选择。另外，GRE的作文题目是提前发给你的，考试时出的题目绝不会超出它事先发给你的题目。GRE决不会出让学生看不懂的题目。所出的题目永远是世界性的，不涉及民族、宗教、政治色彩。

所以，真正写的时候，先把第一段和最后一段都写了，然后每段写个第一句，列出框架。最好能在第一段把你要写的内容都先简要概括一下。最后自己再总结一下这个框架的逻辑结构，看看有没有什么问题。

关于ISSUE，方法也差不多，主要的问题就是写提纲一定要仔细，把你对这个问题的观点，和引用的例子都写出来，准备好写作提纲。写的例子要放在提纲里，ISSUE跟A也一样，写完一遍提纲，自己重新看，到最后就是训练自己看到一个题，在2分钟以内迅速组织出一个比较详细的提纲。这样ISSUE的准备也就差不多了。

GRE写作范文：忠诚

GRE写作题目：

Most people are taught that loyalty is a virtue. But loyalty-whether to one‘s friends， to one’s school or place of employment， or to any institution-is all too often a destructive rather than a positive force.

大多数人被告知忠诚是一种美德。但是无论是对朋友、对学校、对单位还是对任何机构，忠诚时常都是弊大于利的。

GRE写作范文：

I disagree with the author for he has confused the faithfulness with the misguided or overextended loyalty. In fact， loyalty does be a cherished virtue that should be given enough emphasis.

Loyalty， a kind of lasting persistence and its precondition is that the subject of fidelity is worthy of such strong emotion. In each society， loyalty is a indispensable and vital part of the system of morality. No matter in schools， at home or at work， first midst and last， people accept a similar education that as an individual， he or she should first have a sense of ligeance， that is work for the whole. Of course， the subjects of loyalty are various including scientific theory， friends， family， schools， places of employment and the nation. A vivid example can lend support to the statement is the heroical astronomer - Bronow， who advanced Copernicus‘ theory that the earth and other planets revolve around the sun， enraged the Roma church that held the Ptolemaic system of astronomy and was burnt to death just because he refused to give up his scientific theory. It is the lasting loyalty toward truth that lead Bronow to sacrifice himself. And people all respect such duteous spirit. However， without loyalty， the morality of a society will deteriorate into apathy desert and everyone just lives for him /herself， that is to say， no one is willing to pay loyalty to the whole， then finally the human civilization will fall apart.

However， on the other hand， the fidelity should not be confused with misguided or overextended loyalty and the latter is all too often a destructive rather than a positive force. People all hold that mutual loyalty between friends is the basis of lasting friendship. But people should also realize that true loyalty and authentic responsibility for a friend are not only always believing him or her unconditionally but also persuading， helping and even impeaching him or her when him or her has committed serious mistakes or even crimes. Of course， when facing up to such painful dilemma， each one will hesitate because he or she is afraid of being censured to betray his or her friend and some one may choose to keep slient in order to insist of the so-called loyalty.

In fact， such behavior may prevent his or her friend from taking right actions. The same to a school， a family， a company even the nation， when the subject that people once string along with no longer deserves loyalty， people should resolutely choose to be loyal to the truth， the justice and the humanity. That calls for people are always alert to what they think right and what they think wrong， via doing so， people can change their mind for right choice on time.

To sum up， people should insist on true loyalty， and always avoid being the victim of the misguided or overextended loyalty. In the world， there is nothing that can be always absolutely right or wrong and changing happens all the time. So people should always hold deep insight to discern what deserves their loyalty and what does not.

GRE写作官方题库高频ARGUMENT题目满分范文分享：construction of new electric plants

GRE作文官方题库ARGUMENT题目：

The following appeared in a memorandum from the planning department of an electric power company:

“Several recent surveys indicate that homeowners are increasingly eager to conserve energy and manufacturers are now marketing many home appliances, such as refrigerators and air conditioners that are almost twice as energy-efficient as those sold a decade ago. Also, new technologies for better home insulation and passive solar heating are readily available to reduce the energy needed for home heating. Therefore, we anticipate that the total demand for electricity in our area will not increase, and may decline slightly. Since our three electric generating plants in operation for the past 20 years have always met our needs, construction of new generating plants should not be necessary.”

Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.

【满分范文赏析】

The author of this memo concludes that there is no need for an additional electric power plant in the area because total electricity demand in the area is not likely to increase in the future. To support this conclusion the author cites the availability of new energy-efficient appliances and systems for homes, and the eagerness of area homeowners to conserve energy. However, the argument relies on several questionable assumptions.

【本段结构】

本文采用了标准的Argument开头段结构，即C—A—F的开头结构。本段首先概括原文的Conclusion，之后简要提及原文为支持其结论所引用的一系列Assumption及细节，最后给出开头段到正文段的过渡句，指出原文的Flaw，即这些Assumption无法让原文逻辑上没有问题。

【本段功能】

作为Argument开头段，本段具体功能就在于发起攻击并概括原文的结论，即因为供电量会下降，没有必要新建额外的发电厂。本段接下来提到了原文中为支持之前的Conclusion所提供的证据，包括新型的节能家电用具以及当地人们想要节约能源的愿望。文章提及这些信息，为是在正文段中对这些Assumption即将进行的具体攻击做铺垫。

First, the author's projection for flat or declining total demand for electricity ignores business and commercial electricity usage. It is entirely possible that area businesses will increase their use of electricity in the future and that total electricity consumption will actually increase despite flat or declining residential demand. The author's projection also ignores the possibility that the number of area residents will increase in the future, thereby resulting in an increase in electricity usage regardless of whether more efficient appliances are used in area homes. Without taking these possibilities into account the recommendation above is incomplete.

【本段结构】

本段采用了标准的Argument正文段结构，即先是提及原文的第一个逻辑错误，之后分析该逻辑错误的原因，接下来，进一步分析这样的错误为什么让原文的Conclusion不成立。

【本段功能】

作为正文第一段，本段攻击原文所犯的第一个重要逻辑错误——因果类错误。原文当中假设当地居民用电量的下降会导致整体上的用电需求量下降，但是这一假设忽视了和用电量相关的其它作用因素，比如商业用电量和当地居民人口。因此在没有考虑这些因素的情况下，原文当中的这个观点是不合理的。

Secondly, the author's conclusion relies on the assumption that area residents have the capability and will purchase the energy-saving appliances and systems that are currently available. Admittedly, the author points out homeowners are “eager to conserve energy.” Nevertheless, these homeowners might not be able to afford these new systems and appliances. Moreover, the energy-efficient insulation that the author mentions might only be available for new home construction. In that case, the mere availability of this system will have no effect on total electric usage in existing homes.

【本段结构】

本段采用了标准的Argument正文段结构，即先是提及原文的第二个逻辑错误，之后分析该逻辑错误的原因，接下来，进一步分析这样的错误为什么让原文的Conclusion不成立。

【本段功能】

作为正文第二段，本段攻击原文所犯的第二个重要逻辑错误——因果类错误。原文假设因为新型家用电器的存在，用电量会下降。但是仍旧存在其他因素会对这一预期的结果产生影响。在没有考虑到这些因素的情况下，原文的这个观点是没有说服力的。

A final problem involves the assertion that no new electric power plants are needed because the three existing plants, which are 20 years old, have always been adequate for the area's electric needs. The author fails to account for the possibility that the old plants are themselves less energy efficient than a new plant using new technology would be, or that the old plants need to be replaced due to their age, or for some other reason. Besides, this assertion ignores the possible influx of residents or businesses in the future, thereby increasing the demand for electricity beyond what the three existing plants can meet.

【本段结构】

本段采用了标准的Argument正文段结构，即先是提及原文的第三个逻辑错误，之后分析该逻辑错误的原因，接下来，进一步分析这样的错误为什么让原文的Conclusion不成立。

【本段功能】

作为正文第三段，本段攻击原文所犯的第三个重要逻辑错误——因果类错误。原文假设既然用电量会下降，那么发电厂设备就不需要更新换代。但是，除此之外还包括其他相关因素会导致不同的结果，比如发电厂的工作效率问题。在没有考虑到这些因素的情况下，原文的这个假设不是合理的。

篇7：GRE高分作文各段落

“In?our?time,?specialists?of?all?kinds?are?highly?over-rated.?We?need?more?generalists?—?people?who?can?provide?broad?perspectives.”??

In?this?era?of?rapid?social?and?technological?change?leading?to?increasing?life?complexity?and?psychological?displacement,?both?positive?and?negative?effects?among?persons?in?Western?society?call?for?a?balance?in?which?there?are?both?specialists?and?generalists.??

Specialists?are?necessary?in?order?to?allow?society?as?a?whole?to?properly?and?usefully?assimilate?the?masses?of?new?information?and?knowledge?that?have?come?out?of?research?and?have?been?widely?

disseminated?through?mass?global?media.?As?the?head?of?Pharmacology?at?my?university?once?said?(and?I?paraphrase):?“I?can?only?research?what?I?do?because?there?are?so?many?who?have?come?before?me?to?whom?I?can?turn?for?basic?knowledge.?It?is?only?because?of?each?of?the?narrowly?focussed?individuals?at?each?step?that?a?full?and?true?understanding?of?the?complexities?of?life?can?be?had.?Each?person?can?only?hold?enough?knowledge?to?add?one?small?rung?to?the?ladder,?but?together?we?can?climb?to?the?moon.”?This?illustrates?the?point?that?our?societies?level?of?knowledge?and?technology?is?at?a?stage?in?which?there?simply?must?be?specialists?in?order?for?our?society?to?take?advantage?of?the?information?available?to?us.?

Simply?put,?without?specialists,?our?society?would?find?itself?bogged?down?in?the?Sargasso?sea?of?information?overload.?While?it?was?fine?for?early?physicists?to?learn?and?understand?the?few?laws?and?ideas?that?existed?during?their?times,?now,?no?one?individual?can?possibly?digest?and?assimilate?all?of?the?knowledge?in?any?given?area.??

On?the?other?hand,?Over?specialization?means?narrow?focii?in?which?people?can?lose?the?larger?picture.?No?one?can?hope?to?understand?the?human?body?by?only?inspecting?one's?own?toe-nails.?What?we?learn?from?a?narrow?focus?may?be?internally?logically?coherent?but?may?be?irrelevant?or?fallacious?within?the?framework?of?a?broader?perspective.?Further,?if?we?inspect?only?our?toe-nails,?we?may?conclude?that?the?whole?body?is?hard?and?white.?Useful?conclusions?and?thus?perhaps?useful?inventions?must?come?by?sharing?among?specialists.?Simply?throwing?out?various?discoveries?means?we?have?a?pile?of?useless?discoveries,?it?is?only?when?one?can?make?with?them?a?mosaic?that?we?can?see?that?they?may?form?a?picture.??

Not?only?may?over-specialization?be?dangerous?in?terms?of?the?truth,?purity?and?cohesion?of?knowledge,?but?it?can?also?serve?to?drown?moral?or?universal?issues.?Generalists?and?only?generalists?can?see?a?broad?enough?picture?to?realize?and?introduce?to?the?world?the?problems?of?the?environment.?With?

specialization,?each?person?focusses?on?their?research?and?their?goals.?Thus,?industrialization,?expansion,?and?new?technologies?are?driven?ahead.?Meanwhile?no?individual?can?see?the?wholisitc?view?of?our?

global?existence?in?which?true?advancement?may?mean?stifling?individual?specialists?for?the?greater?good?of?all.??

Finally,?over-specialization?in?a?people's?daily?lives?and?jobs?has?meant?personal?and?psychological?compartmentalization.?People?are?forced?into?pigeon?holes?early?in?life?(at?least?by?university)?and?must?consciously?attempt?to?consume?external?forms?of?stimuli?and?information?in?order?not?to?be?lost?in?their?small?and?isolated?universe.?Not?only?does?this?make?for?narrowly?focussed?and?generally?

poorly-educated?individuals,?but?it?guarantees?a?sense?of?loss?of?community,?often?followed?by?a?feeling?of?psychological?displacement?and?personal?dissatisfaction.??

Without?generalists,?society?becomes?inward-looking?and?eventually?inefficient.?Without?a?society?that?recognizes?the?importance?of?broad-mindedness?and?fora?a?for?sharing?generalities,?individuals?become?isolated.?Thus,?while?our?form?of?society?necessitates?specialists,?generalists?are?equally?important.?

Specialists?drive?us?forward?in?a?series?of?thrusts?while?generalists?make?sure?we?are?still?on?the?jousting?field?and?know?what?the?stakes?are.

COMMENTARY?

This?outstanding?response?displays?insightful?analysis,?meticulous?development,?impressive?vocabulary?and?a?mastery?of?the?elements?of?effective?writing.?The?writer?disagrees?with?the?stated?opinions?by?arguing?that?specialists?and?generalists?are?both?vital:?specialists?prevent?us?from?becoming?“bogged?down?in?the?Sargasso?sea?of?information?overload,”?while?generalists?provide?help?to?see?“the?big?picture”?and,?unlike?specialists,?protect?our?“greater?good.”??

The?essay?is?carefully?constructed?throughout,?enabling?the?reader?to?move?effortlessly?from?point?to?point?as?the?writer?examines?the?multi-faceted?implications?of?the?issue?and?provides?compelling?reasons?and?examples?to?support?the?premise?and?take?the?argument?to?an?effective?conclusion.?Although?other?“6”?responses?may?not?be?as?eloquent?as?this?essay,?they?nevertheless?all?display?the?test?taker's?ability?to?articulate?complex?ideas?effectively?and?precisely.?

篇8：GRE高分作文各段落

Six?months?ago?the?region?of?Forestville?increased?the?speed?limit?for?vehicles?traveling?on?the?region's?highways?by?ten?miles?per?hour.??Since?that?change?took?effect,?the?number?of?automobile?accidents?in?that?region?has?increased?by?15?percent.??But?the?speed?limit?in?Elmsford,?a?region?neighboring?Forestville,?remained?unchanged,?and?automobile?accidents?declined?slightly?during?the?same?six-month?period.??Therefore,?if?the?citizens?of?Forestville?want?to?reduce?the?number?of?automobile?accidents?on?the?region's?highways,?they?should?campaign?to?reduce?Forestville's?speed?limit?to?what?it?was?before?the?increase.??

The?argument?gives?statistics?of?increases?in?automobile?accidents?since?the?speed?limit?increased?six?months?ago?on?the?highways?of?Forestville.??The?argument?also?gives?a?statement?of?how?the?neighboring?region?of?Forestville,?did?not?increase?or?decrease?the?speed?limit.??It?remained?unchanged?and?automobile?accidents?declined?slightly?during?the?same?six-month?period.??The?argument?may?appeal?to?those?who?have?been?effected?by?the?increase?in?accidents,?but?it?does?not?give?an?emotional?appeal?overall.??We?are?relying?on?the?authors?statistics?but?we?don't?know?where?they?came?from?and?if?they?are?reliable.?The?argument?needs?more?examples?and?illustrations?to?get?his?point?across?to?more?people.??It?is?suggested?that?the?citizens?of?Forestville?campaign?to?reduce?Forestville's?speed?limit?to?what?it?was?before?the?increase,?but?it?is?usually?hard?to?start?a?campaign.?One?person?needs?to?take?action.??If?the?author?is?a?citizen?of?Forestville,?maybe?he?should?take?the?initiative.?Comments:?

This?seriously?flawed?critique?presents?only?one?idea?relevant?to?an?analysis?of?the?argument:?“The?argument?needs?more?examples?and?illustrations?to?get?his?point?across?to?more?people.”??Everything?else?in?the?essay?is?either?summarizing?the?argument,?speculating,?or?offering?advice.??The?result?is?a?response?that?is?clearly?on?topic?but?that?provides?no?analysis?of?the?line?of?reasoning?in?the?argument.??

In?addition?to?the?lack?of?analysis,?the?writing?is?weak.??The?organization?is?loose,?although?not?illogical,?and?intended?meaning?is?sometimes?unclear?(e.g.,?“but?it?does?not?give?an?emotional?appeal?overall.”).??For?these?reasons,?the?response?deserves?a?score?of?2?according?to?the?scoring?guide.

GRE

篇9：GRE填空高分技巧

GRE填空技巧：词项释义法

词项释义解法

这种出题思路仿佛是编词典似的，先列出某一词条，然后进行释义，前后两部分构成被解释和解释的关系。只要顺着释义部分的思路，即可推断出被解释的对象。

例 Ⅰ:

The benedictory address, as it has developed in American colleges and universities over the years, has become a very strict form, a literary ---------- that permits very little ---------- .

(A) text ... clarity

(B) work ... tradition

(C) genre ... deviation

(D) oration ... grandiloquence

(E) achievement ... rigidity

〖解答〗

在本题中，“strict form”构成被解释的对象，其后的同位语及定语从句分别对form的 strict作复述式的解释。作为同位语，空格Ⅰ应是form的同义词，则(C) genre最为接近。定语从句中的复述采用了常见的双重否定法。little为第一重否定，故空格Ⅱ应是strict的反义词，则(C) deviation为正确。

〖词汇〗

genre: 1.类型，体裁，式样 2.风俗画

grandiloquence: 大言不惭，夸张

〖中译〗

祝愿辞，正如它在过去几年中业已演化出来的那样，已变成一种甚为严格的形式，一种文学体裁，几乎不允许任何破格之处。

GRE填空技巧：由后及前法

由后及前法

与方法之五的原理恰好相反，本方法是利用题目后一部分中的线索，推断出设置于题目前一部分中空格所需的内涵。

例 Ⅰ:

In ---------- nature, myths use ---------- reasoning, relating the unfamiliar to the familiar by means of likeness.

(A) observing ... logical

(B) appreciating ... irrational

(C) disclosing ... metonymic

(D) interpreting ... analogical

(E) seizing ... fanciful

〖解答〗

先处理空格Ⅱ：因为显然，其后补充说明性质的现代分词短语必会提供线索(参见“具体实战操作——C.中心线索的判断”中的“短语结构”一栏)。神话的逻辑推理方式是怎样的呢? 既然现在分词短语中陈述是“by means of likeness”, 则从“likeness” 求得 (D) analogical为唯一正确的选项。

〖词汇〗

irrational: 非理性的

metonymic: 换喻的，转喻的

(例：The pen is mightier that the sword. 以pen代表文，以sword代表武。)

analogical: 比拟的，类推的

〖中译〗

在对自然作出诠释时，神话利用的是类比推理，将非熟悉之物与熟悉之物通过类似这一手法联系起来。

GRE填空技巧：互补法

互补法

在读完题后，以最快的速度整理区分出两个(甚至三个)概念，当这些概念在题目的另一处被复述时，可用这些已知的概念进行双重或多重互补以达到解题的目的。

例 Ⅰ:

The most technologically advanced societies have been responsible for the greatest ----------; indeed, savagery seems to be in direct proportion to -----.

(A) wars ... viciousness

(B) catastrophes ... ill-will

(C) atrocities ... development

(D) inventions ... know-how

(E) triumphs ... civilization

〖解答〗

在第一个句子中，可从主语中整理出“社会的技术发达”这一概念并将其设定为概念A;即使宾语表现为空格，仍可将其设定为未知的概念B。在两个句子间出现的分号和indeed一词标志着第二个句子是对第一个句子的复述。在第二个句子中，主语savagery由于与第一个句子的概念A(技术的发达)含义不同，故可设定为概念B。自此为止，概念A和B全部已知，只需将savagery移入空格Ⅰ，将advanced变作名语后移入空格Ⅱ，便求得正确选项(C)

atrocities ... development。

〖词汇〗

vicious: 邪恶的，堕落的，恶劣的

catastrophe: 惨祸，灾难性的结局

ill-will: 恶意，怨恨

know-how: 技能，诀窍，实际知识

triumph: 1.胜利，杰出成就 2.狂喜

〖中译〗

技术最为发达的社会必须对最大程度上的残暴负责;诚然，野蛮似乎与技术的发展构成正比。

GRE填空技巧：反面陈述模式法

人类在用语言作出某一陈述或判断时，可采用正面陈述和反面陈述两种方式。所谓正面陈述，即是以一肯定句式作出的表述，如“He is a good person”。所谓反面陈述，即是以一否定句式再加上一个与正面内涵相反的概念作出的表述，如“He is not a bad person” 或 “It is wrong to say that he is a bad person”。很大一部分GRE填空题前后两部分是互为重复或互为说明性质的，其思路大抵均沿袭正面陈述和“否定之否定”的反面陈述这一模式。

例 Ⅰ：

The poet W. H. Auden believed that the greatest poets of his age were almost necessarily irresponsible, that the possession of great gifts ---------- the ---------- to abuse them.

(A) negates ... temptation

(B) controls ... resolution

(C) engenders ... propensity

(D) tempers ... proclivity

(E) obviates ... inclination

〖解答〗

本题在主句谓语动词believed后，继之以两个以that引导的宾语从句，后者以另一角度复述前者内涵。第一个宾语从句中所陈述的中心主题为irresponsible(不负责任的)，带有贬义色彩，这就为第二个宾语从句提供了线索。换言之，出现在第二个宾语从句中的两处空格，应综合体现出前述的“不负责任”这一主题。在空格Ⅱ，五个选项代入后，均无不妥之处，且连同其后作为定语的动词不定式结构，都为贬义色彩。在此情况下，在空格Ⅰ，就再也不能代入任何贬义色彩的选项，否则，“负负得正”的规律会使第二个宾语从句整体上转而带上褒义色彩，故唯有中性色彩的(C) engenders为正确。其余四项代入后均致使事情朝着积极方向发展，无从与此前irresponsible这一主题谐调一致。

〖词汇〗

abuse: 滥用，妄用

negate: 否定，取消，使无效

resolution: 决心，决意，决定

engender: 使发生，造成，招致

propensity: 倾向，习性

temper: 使变淡，使缓和，使温和

proclivity: 癖性，倾向

obviate: 排除，消除，避免

inclination: 倾向，意向，癖好

〖中译〗

诗人W. H. 奥登相信，他那时代最伟大的诗人们几乎都必定是不负责任的;拥有横溢的才华反而导致滥用这些才华的倾向。

GRE填空词汇积累：肯定VS否定

肯定类词汇

allege 非官方的声称 consult 咨询，查阅 sustain 支持 emphasize 强调 endorsement 赞同 assure 断然，确定 support 支持 demonstrate 证明 credible 可信的 saver 品味，体验 triumph 成功 test 证明 enrich 丰富 efficacy 有效 beneficial 有益的 advantage 优秀的

apprehension 理解 immense 无边的 revolution 革命的 breakthrough 突破 milestone 里程碑 fascination 爱好 intensify 强化 evaluate 评估 judging 评判estimate 评估 assert 断言 accept 认可 suggest 说明 enamor 迷恋喜欢 posit 假定

precipitate 促成 believe 相信 propensity 倾向 proclivity 倾向 inclination 倾向 promise 承诺 certainty 确定 determine 决定 feasible 可行的 necessary 必需的 imperative 必要的

available 可用的 inform 获知 confident 自信的 valuable 有价值的 understandable 可理解的 affirm 断言 intriguing 迷人的 insist 坚持 work 起作用 sincerity 真诚 regard 关注 respect 尊敬 adamant 坚定

否定类词汇

repudiate 批判 skepticism 怀疑 censure 责难 rejection 拒绝 relinquishment 放弃 useless 无用的 forestall 阻止 resist 抵抗 obviate 消除 cease 停止 incomprehension 不被理解 heterodox 异端邪说的 disregard 漠视 limit 限制

deter 阻止 hamper 妨碍 disrupt 破坏 impair 破坏 obscure 模糊，不确定 lack 缺少 awe of 恐惧 inhibition 压抑，限制 rancor 怨恨 disappointing 让人失望的 flagged 衰退 reluctant 勉强 refute 反驳 doubt 怀疑 denial 拒绝 impede 阻止 constrain 抑制 suppress 抑制 irresponsible 不负责任的

impaired 破坏 sacrifice 牺牲 withdrawal 收回 weakness 缺点 failure 失败 ineffective 无效的 hostile 敌对的 cruel 残酷的 vulnerable 易受攻击的 counterproductive 反生产的 unpopular 不受欢迎的 impossible 不可能的 nonexistent 不存在的

impractical 不切实际的 ridiculous 荒谬的 folly 愚蠢的 detrimental 有害的 insignificant 不重要的 discredit 怀疑 repudiate 批判 prevent 阻止 defy 反抗 weaken 削弱 doubt 怀疑 banish 驱逐 denounce 指责 eradicate 根除

contrition 悔悟 remorse 懊悔 flaw 缺点 resignation 放弃 hinder 阻碍 delay 延误 futility 无意义的 baffle 阻碍 adversity 灾祸 dismal 沮丧 misleading 误导 unsophisticated 没有智慧的 error 错误 conceal 隐瞒 enigma 谜语 unfounded 无理由的

irrelevant 不相关的 unrealistic 不切实际的 imprudent 轻率地 banal平凡的 repudiation 抛弃 contempt 蔑视 restrict 限制 evade 逃避 hatred 憎恨 negative 否定的 unstable 不稳定的 ineffective 无效的

篇10：GRE写作：高分技巧

GRE写作：高分必备技巧

一、找准主题，集中突破

一个好的主题，通常都是采用滴水映海洋，粒沙藏世界的手法。从一滴水里能看到大海的样子，从一粒沙中能展现整个世界，这是多么地不容易呀!但是，好主题通常就是这样表达出来的。每位GRE作文考友专业背景、准备时间与英语基础各不一样，在作文中面临的问题当然也不一样：有些是语言和思想都很出色，有些是有思想但表达不出来，有些是英语好但思路打不开，一个作文小组只有几个人或者十几个人，就能够看出这些差别来，用一种统一的方法来进行准备，未必对每个人都意味着高效率。

二、避免低效率低水平

写作能力很强的同学，通常的一件事会把握怎样写，如何写，哪些该祥，哪些该略，哪些该修饰，哪些该平白，驾驭文字的功夫很是了得。文采不是每个人天生就有的，它是一个逐步积累、逐步升华、逐步成熟的过程，需要去大量阅读、长期积累、心灵感悟、凝练提取的再创造本领，这要在日常学习中逐步提高，很多GRE作文考友干劲十足，一天一篇issue或者argument，但如果基本问题不解决而沉溺于题海战术中，往往是事倍功半。即使GRE作文考友帮助你修改得很好，但你并不能透彻了解自己语法或者思维方式错误的根源在哪里，那就只能寄希望于把每一篇改过的都背下来然后在考试时碰上。如果记得不牢或者根本没碰上，问题就大了。我喜欢实践-理论-实践这种螺旋式的进步方法，先找到问题，然后有针对性地进行系统性的学习，打好基础;感觉有提高了再来实践，再发现问题再提高。

三、重点准备GRE作文提纲

这一点是承接第二点的。题海战术有两个问题：一是没有解决根本问题，二是机会成本过高。所谓机会成本，就是你花的时间过多，而这些时间本来可以用来做更有意义的事情，比如说记单词，学习语法或者看书开拓思路。设想你英文很差，但你写作很努力，在考试时又碰上了写过的题目，你的作文得了5分以上，但verbal只有300多分，人家一眼就能看出你的真实水平。所以我觉得在打基础的同时，要把重点放在提纲也就是思路的准备上。

四、选择性地练习实战写作

试想一下，如果你在考试时面对题目，最可能使你心慌的是什么?那可能就是这道题没见过，不知从哪下手;如果你想过了，即使你没写过，你也不会太紧张。我备考时只写了两篇issue和两篇argument，时间主要花在熟悉题目上，argument看得少一些，issue看了一半左右，有点轻敌了，如果全看的话就会更沉着。

GRE写作满分范文赏析

“It is unfortunate that today's educators place so much emphasis on finding out what students want to include in the curriculum and then giving it to them.  It is the educators' duty to determine the curriculum and the students' duty to study what is presented to them.”

Today some educators place much emphasis on what students want,there is a conflict about what is the educator's duty for what  educatee should get.

Normally, the college or university in our country ,students just study what they are tought,it is the professor's duty to dermine what should appear in the classroom.Nowday china has taken the polices of opening reforming,every thing chang vastly.Students can't get the job position from goverment authority but must look for the work chance by themself ,so students have taken great care to what they learn int the college and what kind of knowlege does the job market need.If our high education institute ignore this chang and keep the tranditional teaching method,it will seem as wast student's time and money and the colleges will lost  their student.

It may be the best way for the developing country to reform their high education system, especially with those majors that closely connected with market or industry application.we must give our student  most upcoming technolegy or skill to meet the need of outdoor of our college,the information from students may be the best reference for the educator to determine what they should take to the classroom.

COMMENTARY

This essay displays little ability to develop and organize a coherent response to the topic.

The essay takes the position that China needs to reform its traditional approach to curriculum by becoming more student centered and technologically current.  However, the reader has to work hard to decipher the generally confusing line of reasoning, which does not obviously address the central issue presented in the topic.

There is an attempt to organize the argument into a three-paragraph essay, but the one-sentence introduction is simply a variation of the topic statement.  The brief body of the essay does not advance an opinion in a coherent manner, and the final paragraph shifts the focus to the need for technology in the curriculum.

The errors (comma splices, misspellings, verb problems, etc.) are so intrusive that coherence remains a problem.

This essay would need considerable rewriting in order to earn a higher score than 1.

GRE写作满分范文赏析

“It is unfortunate that today's educators place so much emphasis on finding out what students want to include in the curriculum and then giving it to them.  It is the educators' duty to determine the curriculum and the students' duty to study what is presented to them.”

There are many school violences in each school.  Those are big problems to our govenment and social.  School violences effect the studying of students.  This is very serious, even some students are nervious to go school.  In fact, the government must give students a clean place to study.  Teachers should help students know it is a duty to study.  So, everyone should face those big problems.

Do we know what are students' ideas?  Do the educators try to know?  Most educators hope the govenment can give students more and help them more.  These are people's hope.  But it is so unfortunate that students can't have a good place to study.  Also, teachers have to teach the students.  Not that students can know what to study by themself.  In the compus, there are many guys sell the drugs and acohol to younger students.  Why those guys can go into the school?  That is also the main problem.

When we were little, we didn't know what is correct and what is wrong.  So we lose ourself easily.  At the same time, we need much care from parents and teachers.  So our teachers and parents play the important roles and they own must do better.  Because some students learn some bad habits from their teachers and parents.

If we want to resolve all the problems, we must face the problems and find out the reasons, then try to resolve them.  We also must care all students.  If we can help them, tring to do our best.  Then, the problems will become less and less.

COMMENTARY

This is a seriously flawed response to the topic.  The writer begins by discussing school violence and the need for a good place to study, parental and teacher influence, and resolution of school problems.  The issue of who should determine the curriculum, teachers or students, is implied but not addressed directly.  In fact, teacher-directed learning seems to be a small point in a series of concerns related to school violence.  The development of a position on the issue is unfocused and disorganized.  Even the example, drug selling, relates to school violence and not to curricular responsibility.

Language errors are numerous.  Problems with correct use of tense, diction, word order, sentence structure, and subject-verb agreement also interfere with meaning.  Had the writer not included references to teachers helping students know what to study, the essay would probably have received a score of 1 instead of a 2.

篇11：GRE高分考生经验

GRE高分考生经验分享 备考中应注意这3个细节

建议各位考生都自己建立一个电脑文档用于记录在练习和模考时做错的各类题目，对于一些常犯的错误要特别备注。同时，考生在平时练习时也可以通过做标记来发现问题，比如，在做题时，对于自己很有把握的题目，用圆圈标记;稍有把握但不是很确定就用方块标记;纯靠猜的题目用三角标记。这样做的好处是帮助你思考自己的解题思路和策略，随时纠正你可能会犯的错误。在对答案的时候，你可以看看自己不同标记类型的题目分别有多少做错了，特别是对于那些自己很有把握但实际做错的题目，通过这个方法可以及时发现自己之前不曾注意到的问题。

质量战胜数量

备考的目标不是做完了多少题目，而是学到了多少知识和方法。埋头苦练一千道题而不去分析问题，只会让你的问题更加深埋起来难以被发现。如果备考时间不够，减少练习量是完全可以接受的，前提是做好题目分析，因为只有通过分析，你才能有所进步。盲目的使用题海战术在备考中行不通。

模考后要学会自我分析

对于GRE考生来说，模考是整个备考过程中相当重要的环节，通过模考，考生能更好的认清自身实力，对于存在的不足和缺点有更为明确的了解。美国考生一般在准备GRE考试时最常用的模考材料就是Manhattan系列模考软件，因为这套软件会对考生的模考成绩进行非常详细的分析。而如果考生没有这方面的条件和准备，也可以自己对模考后的成绩做一下自我分析，分析主要可以从四个角度进行，分别是S(强项)、W(弱项)、O(潜力)和T(威胁)。举例来说，可以列成如下格式：

S - 擅长数学，一般能达到165分

W - 词汇较差，阅读花的时间太多，数学会犯一些低级错误

O - 如果在数学上多加注意就能拿到170满分

T - 艺术类的阅读文章容易出问题，长难句容易做错

通过这种分析方式，考生就能更为清晰的认识自己，有的放矢的做好针对性复习和加强练习。

以上就是为大家整理分享的一些高分备考细节，大家可以多多学习借鉴，把他人的心得融会贯通到自己的备考计划中，提高自身的学习水平和效率，为考试做好充分准备。

每日GRE词汇精选

1.industrious /?n’d?str??s/ adj. 勤劳的, 勤奋的

源自名词的industry，是不是很熟悉，没错，industry，作为名词，可以表示“n. 工业;产业;勤勉”，作为“工业、产业”，其形容词是 industrial;作为“勤奋”，其形容词是“industrious”。

词根解释：indu-=in, str-=structure,所以industry，来自拉丁语，表示在里面构建起各种东西(机器)，即“工业，产业”，同时引申为“勤勉”。

【例句】He isn't particularly clever but industrious. “他并不特别聪明,但很勤奋。"

2.misconstrue /?m?sk?n’stru/ vt. 误解

mis-=错误的;construe 解释;construe中，con-=together;stru-=structure,建立，因此表示“完全地构建起来”，表示对事物有全面的了解，即“解释”。

【例句】You have misconstrued my words. 你误解了我的话。

3.unanimous /j?’n?n?m?s/ adj. 全体一致的; 一致同意的; 无异议的

un-=uni，单一，唯一;anim-=life, spirit,生活，精神;-ous为形容词后缀，因此这个词表示大家的想法、精神是一样的，即“全体一致的，一致同意的”。

【例句】The doctors were unanimous in their diagnoses. 全体医生诊断结果相同。

4.versed /v?st/ adj. 精通的;熟练的

vers-=turn; 因此这个词可以理解为“可以旋转的，灵活的”，引申为“精通的，熟练的”。这个词的构词，很像versatile adj. 有多种学问、技能或职业的; 多才多艺的，这两个词，都可以通过汉语中的“玩儿得转”来联想记忆。

【例句】He is well versed in history. 他精通历史。

5.insipid /?n’s?p?d/ adj. 枯燥的,无生气的;乏味的

in-=not; sip-=sap-=味道，因此insipid表示“无味的”，即“枯燥的，乏味的”。同根词sapid adj. 有滋味的;有趣的。

【例句】Youngsters are presented with a constant diet of insipid programs. 提供给年轻人的是老一套枯燥无味的节目。

6.ebullience /??b?lj?ns/ n. (感情等的)奔放;兴高采烈

e-=out;bul-=bol-=扩张(如bold)，因此这个词表示情感向外扩张的，即“热情的，兴高采烈的”。

【例句】the ebullience of youth 青年人的热情洋溢

7.renege /r?’niɡ/ vi. 违约,食言

re-=again,在这里表强调;neg-=not,(如negative 消极的，否定的)，所以这个词表示“一再地否定”，引申为“违约，食言”。

【例句】The government had reneged on its election promises. 政府已经违背了竞选诺言。

8.commiserate /k?’m?z?ret/ vt. & vi. 怜悯,同情 n. 怜悯,同情

com-=完全的;miser-=可怜的，如miserable 可怜的; 因此这个词表示“完全的可怜”，即“怜悯，同情”。

【例句】We commiserated with the losers. 我们对落败者表示同情。

9.trenchant /‘tr?nt??nt/ adj. 锐利的,简明的,有力的;清晰的

trench-=切，割;可以切割的，即“锐利的”，引申为“简明的，有力的”。同根词detruncate v. 切去,截短。

【例句】a trenchant comment. 一针见血的评论

10.nominal /‘nɑm?nl/ adj. 名义上的, 有名无实的;(金额)很少的; 象征性的

nom-=name，名字，命名。

【例句】The king was only the nominal head of the state. 国王只是这个国家名义上的元首。

每日GRE词汇精选

1.manifest /‘m?n?f?st/ vt. 证明，表明;显示 adj. 明白的;显然的，明显的

man-=手, fest-=打击，因此这个词表示“拍手以引起别人注意”，引申为“证明，显示;明显的”。

【例句】Fear was manifest on her face. 她脸上显露出惧怕的神情。

2.reprove /r?’pruv/ vt. 责骂;谴责;非难

re-=against，反对; prov-=test,证明;因此这个词可以理解为“说反话，说不好的话”，即“责骂，谴责”。

【例句】The school boy took it ill that the teacher reproved him for idleness. 这个小学生心里不痛快,因为老师责备他不用功。

3.plumb /pl?m/ vt. 使垂直;探测，探索 adj. 垂直的 adv. 恰恰，正;垂直地

这个词作为名词，表示“铅锤”，如此，就很好理解其动词和形容词含义了吧。

【例句】fell plumb in the middle of the puddle. 恰好落在水坑里

4.censor /‘s?ns?/ vt. 审查，检查

cens-=judge. censorship 审查制度。

【例句】We do not censor material. 我们不对消息材料做审查。

5.reticent /‘r?t?snt/ adj. 沉默的;有保留的;谨慎的

re-=again; tic-=silent; 强调沉默，即“沉默的，谨慎的”。

【例句】reticent about one's hope 对自己的希望闭口不谈

6.impugn /?m?pjun/ vt. 责难;驳斥

im-=in,里面;pugn-=打击;因此表示“责难，驳斥”。

【例句】impugn a political opponent's record. 责难一个政治对手的历史

7.artless /‘ɑrtl?s/ adj. 单纯的,天真的;自然的;不做作的

art-=skill; less-=少，没有;因此表示“不做作的，天真的”。

【例句】an artless literary masterpiece. 一部行文自然的文学巨著。

8.temperance /‘t?mp?r?ns/ n. 节制(尤指饮食);节欲;戒酒

temper作为单词，表示“调节，调和”，-ance为名词后缀，引申为自我的调节，即“节制”。

【例句】Their temperance is admirable. 他们的节制令人佩服。

9.epitome /?’p?t?mi/ n. 缩影;摘要;象征

epi-=在……上面，tom-=cut,砍，切;因此这个词的根本含义是，在表面上切一块儿下来，即“a cutting on the surface”,引申为“摘要，象征，代表”。

【例句】She’s the epitome of kindness. 她是仁慈的化身。

10.impeccable /?m’p?k?bl/ adj. 无瑕疵的;没有缺点的

im-=not; pecc-=sin 犯错误，罪;-able为形容词后缀。因此这个词表示“没有缺点的”。peccable adj. 易犯罪的,易犯过失的。

【例句】He stood before them, impeccable as ever. 他站在他们面前, 跟以往一样完美无瑕。

每日GRE词汇精选

1.circumvent /?s?k?m’v?nt/ vt. 设法克服或避免(某事物);回避

circum-=circle,环绕;vent-=come,来;绕着走，即“回避，避免”。

【例句】She planned a way to circumvent all the bureaucratic red tape. 她计划避开官僚体制下的繁文缛礼 (red tape 官样文章，繁文缛节 )

2.bridle /‘bra?dl/ n. 马勒;约束物;缰绳 vt. 控制;给装马勒

【例句】Bridle your tongue. 说话要谨慎。

3.mitigate /‘m?t?ɡet/ vt. 使缓和，使减轻

mitis-=成熟的，柔软的，同源词mature; ig-=make, do; 因此这个词的根本含义是“使变得柔软”，引申为“使缓和，使减轻”。

【例句】Governments should endeavor to mitigate distress. 政府应努力缓解贫困问题。

4.enormity /?’n?rm?ti/ n. 巨大;暴行;极恶

e-=out; norm-=规则，规范，超出标准的，即“巨大”，词义贬义化之后，引申为“暴行”。

【例句】the enormity of the crime 这件罪行的凶残程度

【例句】the enormity of his intellect. 他无穷的智慧。

5.opprobrium /?’probr??m/ n. <正>耻辱;羞辱

op-=相对，对着的;probrum-=耻辱，羞辱;因此本意是“羞辱对方”。

【例句】That drunkard was the opprobrium of our community. 那个酒鬼是我们社区里可耻的人物。

6.implausible /?m’pl?z?bl/ adj. 难以置信的, 似乎不合情理的, 不太可能的

im-=not; plausible adj. (声明、争论等)似乎是真的，花言巧语的(源自词根plaus-=plaud-=鼓掌，表示一个人说的非常好，让人忍不住想要鼓掌的，但是注意这里是贬义词，可以理解为“这个小婊砸，还真是伶牙俐齿呢!”)。所以implausible 可以理解为“不愿意为他鼓掌的，无法赢得掌声的”，即“难以置信的，不太可能的”。

【例句】an entirely implausible out-turn. 完全难以置信的结果。

7.ingenuous /?n’d??nju?s/ adj. 天真无邪的,朴实的

in-=inside,里面;gen-=出生，种类 ;与生俱来的，出生时候的一种状态，即“天真无邪的，朴实的”。

【例句】an ingenuous admission of responsibility. 坦诚地承认义务。

8.eccentric /?k’s?ntr?k/ adj. 古怪的, 怪癖的; 异乎寻常的

ec-=ex-=out; centr-=center,中心，脱离中心的，即“古怪的，怪癖的”。

【例句】She came to the defence of the eccentric professor. 她开始为那个古怪教授辩护了。

9.tempered /?t?mp?d/ adj. 缓和的，温和的;调节的;有…气质的

temper 作为动词，意思是“调和;锻炼;使缓和”。

10.refulgence /r??f ?ld ??ns/ n. 光辉;灿烂

re-=again; ful-=shine,发光。因此反复地，不断地发光，即“光辉，灿烂”。

篇12：GRE写作高分经验

GRE写作高分经验分享 立论驳论文提分心得不可不看

以下就是我自己总结一点小技巧：首先，我在准备GRE写作备考时，最重要的一个步骤在于熟悉题库和认真准备提纲。

GRE立论文issue经验分享

对于立论文(Issue)说，我觉得自己动手拟一份提纲是非常有用的，你可以参考各种资料，但必须勤动脑，想一想提纲的逻辑连续性。实际上，有偏向性、但又不要绝对化的思路才是最易上手的。

GRE驳论文argument怎么练?

对于驳论文(Argument)而言，我认为熟悉题库更为重要。正常情况下是这样的，但的确有些难题若不事先好好准备，五分钟之内能找出两个错误就不错了。在第一次考试时，我正是因为在准备时放掉了一道我只找出两个错误的题目，而在正式考试时恰恰碰到了这道题目，所以写得很不好。

写驳论文有很多小窍门，如需要锻炼出区别“事实”和“观点”的能力，不论题目中所给的事实有多夸张都需认为它是对的，不能攻击，只能攻击观点中的逻辑漏洞;凡是跟统计数字、统计方法有关的逻辑错误都尽量不要攻击，最多只能一笔带过等等。

GRE作文逻辑重要吗?

虽然逻辑作文满分只有6分，可千万别小看了它的重要性。从某种程度上来说，它是GRE的精华——因为GRE考的就是逻辑，用英语写两篇作文只是形式而已，主要目的就是考察你的逻辑分析水平。

怎样看待GRE作文中的语言水平?

至于GRE作文的语言，其实不是很重要，只要通顺、没有语法错误就可以了，掌握了这些就可以更好地备考GRE作文。希望可以给大家一些参考，从而更好地备考GRE阅读考试。

新GRE写作：审查的公正性

题目：

Censorship is rarely, if ever, justified.

审查很少能够做到公正。

范文：

“Censorship” is a word which seems to be authoritative rather than democratic, which implies the will of the governors rather than the will of general people. Since the occurrence of the censorship, which could be traced back to the Ancient Rome, it has been playing an important part in the domestic affairs while to arouse applause and condemnation as well. Here the our government faces a dilemma, is it fair to carry on the censorship at the cost of sacrificing part of democracy, or just open the gate letting flows of ideas and thoughts in, at the risk of losing its own rampart.

Since censorship suggest an act of changing or suppressing speech, writing or any other forms of expression that is condemned as subversive of the common good, it must have a close relationship with the one who applies such supervision, and the word “common good” should be redefined under different conditions. There is time when we were all under a powerful monarchy, and the “common good” is the “monarch good”, then the censorship itself is the instrument of the monarch which solely depended on the will of the monarch; in the Middle Ages, both the Roman Catholic and the Protestant Churches practiced censorship that seemed to be oppressive to any ideas challenging the doctrines of churches and the existence of God; even now, in some authoritative countries, the censorship is used to rule its people by restricting their minds, of course, for the stability of their governing over the people. With these regards, censorship itself is questioned at the rationality of existing, regardless of the practices made by the democratic government, while the justice of the democratic government is quite doubtable.

The matter concerning is not only who practices the censorship but also how it is practiced. Since different men make different comments on the same work of art, for example, it is hard to set up a measure by which we could decide whether one should be prohibited, especially to the work of arts, as its content always labeled as “subversive” and “revolutionary”, two words detested by the governors most. Such cases could be found in Ulysses by J. Joyce and Lady Chatterley’s Lover by D.H Lawrence, these two great novels were firstly considered to be guilty of obscenity and were put to prohibition by the American government, but turned out to be true masterpieces today. So any form of censorship, to some extent, lags behind the development of ideas and will put more or less a negative effect on their development.

Though the censorship is such a disgusting word embodying so much oppression and might, it is a compromise we made with the reality far from being perfect, to provide a comparative stable ground which we could stand on. At this point, I don’t agree with the institute like ACLU who oppose any censorship. The censorship, though rarely justified, should exist as long as a more ideal and practical form is found to replace it, or we could only expect our God to create a more ideal species instead of imperfect human beings.

新GRE写作：权威问题

题目：

Much of the information that people assume is ‘factual’ actually turns out to be inaccurate. Thus, any piece of information referred to as a ‘fact’ should be mistrusted since it may well be proven false in the future.

大多数人们认为是事实的信息结果实际上都是不准确的。因此，任何据称是事实的信息都应该被质疑，因为它在将来很可能会被证明为是错误的。

范文：

Should we be doubtful to all the information at hands because the rightness of which is uncertain? The speaker claims so, I concede that people often commit various fallacies in the course of cognizing things, however I fundamentally take exception of the arguer's assertion to mistrust every fact we might encounter. And I will substantially discuss my views thereinafter.

To begin with, the speaker seems to implicate that a fact would be proven false in the future under numerous circumstance. Nevertheless I prefer to argue that facts never change. No matter how did the Medieval Church and Inquisition persecute Bruno, the fact never changes that the earth is far from being the center of the universe as the religious sovereigns had assumed or hoped for, while just a minor particle in it. Equally, no matter how Edison had tried to incite the public fear and distrust to the alternative current electricity, the fact never changes that Teals’ electrical system is vastly superior to his direct current electrical one, and would be accepted and applied in larger range.

However, what do change are the human's objective interpretations to facts. One compelling argument to this point is that, due to the limitation of human’s knowledge and comprehensive capability, they tend to make insufficient or even false understanding to the certain fact. An apt illustration is the changes of cognition to disease. While at the ancient time, our progenitors believed the a man becoming a patient for the reason that he had conduct crimes or offended some ghosts or spirits, the contemporary people have well know that the varies of pathogens are the basic causes to our diseases, and the defects of our immune system and so forth are also the factors as well. Another argument for the change of comprehension to fact is that different people always observe and interpret from different perspectives. Though the Relativity theory is not well compliable with the Quantum mechanism, no one call the greatness of both Einstein and Bohr, because their theories are based on distinct views, the former from the macrocosm and the later from the microcosm.

Notwithstanding the foregoing reasons for that human tend to make fallacies during the cause of comprehending and cognizing facts, these reasons should never be the excuses to doubt every conclusion we might draw from facts. Based on certain rational inference and proper knowledge fundament, the conclusions we make might well be justifiable, if not completely right, to certain degree. What we need to do is to promote the enterprise of pursuing the better answer and try to use the result we have get to application, instead of wasting our time to undue doubt and suspicion. Though the medical scientists have not fully understood the mechanism of how the does the implanted organ interact with the wounded body, they are not refrain from using the implanting skill to save patients, of course the precondition or which is that this technology is much well established than the fundamental theory.

To sum up, while I advocate the speaker's opinion that it is inevitable for human to comprehend facts inaccurately, for the reason of the limitation of the abilities, I essentially disagree with his assertion that facts will continually alter themselves, as well as his recommendation to discredit any piece of fact. In the final analysis, I would argue once more that facts never change and although the misunderstanding to them is inevitable, we should not defer ourselves from the pursuit to fully comprehending them.

篇13：GRE写作高分句型

1. According to a recent survey,four million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking.

2.The latest surveys show that quite a few children have unpleasant associations with homework.

3. No invention has received more praise and abuse than Internet.

4. People seem to fail to take into account the fact that education does not end with graduation.

5. An increasing number of people are beginning to realize that education is not complete with graduation.

6. When it comes to education, the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.

7. Many experts point out that physical exercise contributes directly to a person's physical fitness.

8. Proper measures must be taken to limit the number of foreign tourists and the great efforts should be made to protect local environment and history from the harmful effects of international tourism.

9. An increasing number of experts believe that migrants will exert positive effects on construction of city. However, this opinion is now being questioned by more and more city residents, who complain that the migrants have brought many serious problems like crime and prostitution.

10. Many city residents complain that it is so few buses in their city that they have to spend much more time waiting for a bus, which is usually crowded with a large number of passengers.

篇14：GRE写作高分句型

11. There is no denying the fact that air pollution is an extremely serious problem: the city authorities should take strong measures to deal with it.

12. An investigation shows that female workers tend to have a favorable(起促进作用的，令人喜欢的) attitude toward retirement.

13. A proper part-time job does not occupy students' too much time. In fact, it is unhealthy for them to spend all of time on their study. As an old saying goes: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.

14. Any government, which is blind to this point, may pay a heavy price.

15.Nowadays, many students always go into raptures at the mere mention of the coming life of high schoolor college they will begin. Unfortunately, for most young people, it is not pleasant experience on their first day on campus.

16. In view of the seriousness of this problem, effective measures should be taken before things get worse.

17. The majority of students believe that part-time job will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills,which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets.

18. It is indisputable that there are millions of people who still have a miserable life and have to face the dangers of starvation and exposure.

19. Although this view is wildly held, this is little evidence that education can be obtained at any age and at any place.

20.No one can deny the fact that a person's education is the most important aspect of his life.

篇15：GRE写作高分句型

21. People equate success in life with the ability of operating computer.

22.In the last decades, advances in medical technology have made it possible for people to live longer than in the past.

23. In fact, we have to admit the fact that the quality of life is as important as life itself.

24. We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.

25. People believe that computer skills will enhance their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.

26. The information I've collected over last few years leads me to believe that this knowledge may be less useful than most people think.

27. Now, it is generally accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time of their graduation.

28. This is a matter of life and death--a matter no country can afford to ignore.

29. For my part, I agree with the latter opinion for the following reasons:

30. Before giving my opinion, I think it is important to look at the arguments on both sides.

篇16：GRE写作高分句型

31. This view is now being questioned by more and more people.

32. Although many people claim that, along with the rapidly economic development, the number of people who use bicycle are decreasing and bicycle is bound to die out. The information I've collected over the recent years leads me to believe that bicycle will continue to play extremely important roles in modern society.

33. Environmental expertspoint out that increasing pollution not only causes serious problems such as global warming but also could threaten to end human life on our planet.

34. In view of such serious situation, environmental tools of transportation like bicycle are more important than any time before.

35. Using bicycle contributes greatly to people's physical fitness as well as easing traffic jams.

36. Despite many obvious advantages of bicycle, it is not without its problem.

37. Bicycle can't be compared with other means of transportation like car and train for speed and comfort.

38. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that advantages of bicycle far outweigh its disadvantages and it will still play essential roles in modern society.

39. There is a general discussion these days over education in many colleges and institutes. One of the questions under debate is whether education is alifetime study.

40. This issue has caused wide public concern.

篇17：GRE写作高分句型

41.It must be noted that learning must be done by a person himself.

42. A large number of people tend to live under the illusion that they had completed their education when they finished their schooling. Obviously, they seem to failto take into account the basic fact that a person's education is a most important aspect of his life.

43. As for me, I'm in favor of the opinion that education is not complete with graduation,for the following reasons:

44.It is commonly accepted that no college or university can educate itsstudents by the time they graduate.

45. …possible graduate needs to continue learning before she or he becomes an educated person.

46. It is commonly thought that our society had dramatically changed by modern science and technology, and human had made extraordinary progress in knowledge and technology over the recent decades.

47. Now people in growing numbers are beginning to believe that learning new skills and knowledge contributes directly to enhancing their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.

48. An investigation shows that many older people expressa strong desire to continue studying in university or college.

49.For the majority of people, reading or learning a new skill has become the focus of their lives and the source of their happiness and contentment after their retirement.

50. For people who want to adopt a healthy and meaningful life style, it is important to find time to learn certain new knowledge. Just as an old saying goes: it is never too late to learn.

51. There is a general debate on the campus today over the phenomenon of college or high school students' doing a part-time job.

52. By taking a major-related part-job, students can not only improve their academic studies, but gain much experience, experience they will never be able to get from the textbooks.

53. Although people’s lives have been dramatically changed over the last decades, it must be admitted that, shortage of funds is still the one of the biggest questions that students nowadays have to face because that tuition fees and prices of books are soaring by the day.

54. Consequently, the extra money obtained from part-time job will strongly support students to continue to their study life.

55. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw a conclusion that part-time job can produce afar-reaching impact on students and they should be encouraged to take part-time job, which will benefit students and their family, even the society as a whole.

56. These days, people in growing numbers are beginning to complain that work is more stressful and less leisurely than in past. Many experts point out that, along with the development of modern society, it is an inevitable result and there is no way to avoid it.

57. It is widely acknowledged that computer and other machines have become an indispensable part of our society, which make our life and work more comfortable and less laborious.

58. At the same time, alongwith the benefits of such machines, employees must study knowledge involved in such machines so that they are able to control them.

59. No one can deny the basic fact that it is impossible for average workers to master those high-technology skills easily.

60. In the second place,there seem to be too many people without job and not enough job position.

篇18：GRE阅读高分策略

GRE阅读高分策略

一、排除题的解题方法

1.精确定位排除法：

将选项精确的在文中定位，找出选项和阅读文章中的对应关系，注意选项中的同义代换与原文是否对应。有时会出现这样的情况，选项中有四个是和题目的关键词定位在一个段内的，但其中一个选项却定位在了另一个段落内，那么这个选项就是答案。

注意：正确答案一般是作者在文中明确反对过的，或者是根本未提到，再或者就是定位的段落未提到的(选项的关键词落在别的段落)说法。

2.强对比排除法：

如果题目中是关于A的提问，但是原文中没有直接给出与A相关的描述。不过，文中出现了与B相关的特征描述，而B呢正好是与A形成强烈对比的对象。那么我们只需要把B的特征取非就可以得到答案了。一般文章中会出现unlike，in contrast to, compared with,阅读的过程中遇到该类别的关键词注意要做笔记。

3.无关信息排除法:

如果某一个选项和文章大意没有关系或者根本没有提到过，那么它一定就是正确答案了。因此，在阅读的过程中要留意文章每段的中心意思，理出文章的写作思路，以此来作为细节判断的依据。

如果能够将题目定位到某一段，那么就可以用该段的TS(Topic Sentence 主题句)来进行排除，和TS无关的就是正确选项。

二、举例说明：

下面是No.5-2题目中的一道长阅读，我把它的第一段截取了出来：

In large part as a consequence of the feminist movement, historians have focused a GREat deal of attention in recent years on determining more accurately the status of women in various periods. Although much has been (5) accomplished for the modern period, premodern cultures have proved more difficult: sources are restricted in eg. number, fragmentary, difficult to interpret, and often contradictory. Thus it is not particularly surprising that some earlier scholarship concerning such cultures (10) has so far gone unchallenged. An example is Johann Bachofen’s 1861 treatise on Amazons, women-ruled societies of questionable existence contemporary with ancient GREece.

1.识别重要信息，做标记

在读的过程中我们注意到上文阴影部分出现了典型的并列成分(标志：冒号，“A, B and C结构”)，读到后马上做记号(比如，我在文章右侧，标上了eg)。

中文翻译：

在很大程度上，由于女权主义运动(feminist movement)的缘故，史学家近年来汇聚了大量的注意力，来更为准确地确定妇女在各个历史时期的地位。虽然对现当代的研究成就斐然，但古代文化的研究要证明更为困难：资料来源数量有限，支离破碎，难于解释，且经常互相矛盾。因此，人们并不特别惊讶地发现，有关这些古代文化的早期学术研究迄今为止听凭其流传下来，而未遭到质疑。其中一个实例就是约翰·巴霍芬(Johann Bachofen)1861年论述亚马孙人(Amazons)的论文，而所谓亚马孙人，即那些由女性统治的社会，其难置可否的存在与古希腊时值同期。

2.例题解析

不出所料，后文果然出现了except题:

All of the following are stated by the author as problems connected with the sources for knowledge of premodern cultures EXCEPT

(A) partial completeness

(B) restricted accessibility

(C) difficulty of interpretation

(D) limited quantity

(E) tendency toward contradiction

通过”premodern cultures”或者“problems with sources”定位到上文中划阴影部分。5个选项都比较眼熟，一下子无法通过TS找出与原文没有关系的选项，也没有出现强对比。因此，选用精确定位排除法来进行解答，找出选项和原文的对应关系。

我们可以发现A选项partial completeness与fragmentary对应，说明资料来源的支离破碎(不完整性)，C选项difficulty of interpretation与原文的difficult to interpret对应，两者几乎都没有进行改写，只有词性的改变。D选项limited quantity与原文restricted in number相对应。E选项tendency toward contradiction与原文的contradictory相应。只有B没有找到相对应的并列成分。因此答案选B。

三、排除题相关的语言现象——列举，句子的并列成分，冒号

1.列举：

所谓列举，就是在文章中出现对某一对象的几个特征进行的逐条描述，比如first,...,second..., third... 遇到这样的语言现象赶紧做好标记，因为这个语言现象经常会考except题。

2.句子的并列成分

比如X includes A, B and C,这里的A B C就是句子的并列成分。这种结构也常考排除题。通常是有4个选项分别约ABC等成分相对应，而其中有一个成分找不到对应，或者是与原文意思不符。

3.冒号

冒号后面也常会出现列举现象，因此，遇到的话一定要标出来。后面的内容可以大致浏览或者不看。

GRE阅读并不难，主要掌握合理科学的方法，再多加以练习方能在GRE阅读考试中获得高分!

新GRE逻辑阅读

1. Aedes albopictus, a variety of mosquito that has recently established itself in the southeastern United States, is less widespread than the indigenous swamp mosquito. Both the swamp mosquito and A. albopictus can carry viruses that are sometimes fatal to humans, but A. albopictus is a greater danger to public health. Each of the following, if true, provides additional information that strengthens the judgment given about the danger to public health EXCEPT:

(A) Unlike the swamp mosquito, A. albopictus originated in Asia, and larvae of it were not observed in the United States before the mid- 1980's.

(B) Unlike the swamp mosquito, A. albopictus tends to spend most of its adult life near human habitation.

(C) Unlike swamp mosquito larvae, A. albopictus larvae survive in flower pots, tin cans, and many small household objects that hold a little water.

(D) In comparison with the swamp mosquito, A. albopictus hosts a much wider variety of viruses known to cause serious diseases in humans.

(E) A. albopictus seeks out a much wider range of animal hosts than does the swamp mosq-uito, and it is more likely to bite humans.

2. The Environmental Protection Agency must respond to the hazard to children's health posed by exposure to asbestos fibers released in the air in school classrooms. Since it is impossible to close school buildings, the best plan would be to initiate programs that mandate the immediate removal of asbestos from all the school buildings that are found to contain asbestos, regardless of whether or not the buildings are in use. Which of the following, if true, is the strongest reason for the Environmental Protection Agency not to follow the plan outlined above?

(A) The techniques available for removing asbestos often increase the level of airborne asbestos.

(B) Schools are places where asbestos is especially likely to be released into the air by the action of the occupants.

(C) Children exposed to airborne asbestos run a greater risk of developing cancer than do adults exposed to airborne asbestos.

(D) The cost of removing asbestos varies from school to school, depending on accessibility and the quantity of asbestos to be removed.

(E) It is impossible to determine with any degree of certainty if and when construction materials that contain asbestos will break down and release asbestos fibers into the air.

3. A person's cholesterol level will decline significantly if that person increases the number of meals eaten per day, but only if there is no significant increase in the amount of food eaten. However, most people who increase the number of meals they eat each day will eat a lot more food as well. If the statements above are true, which of the following is most strongly supported by them?

(A) For most people, cholesterol level is not significantly affected by the amount of food eaten per day.

(B) For most people, the amount of food eaten per meal is most strongly affected by the time of day at which the meal is eaten.

(C) For most people, increasing the number of meals eaten per day will not result in a significantly lower cholesterol level.

(D) For most people, the total amount of food eaten per day is unaffected by the number of mealseaten per day.

(E) For most people, increasing the number of meals eaten per day will result in a significant change in the types of food eaten.

4. A certain type of dinnerware made in Ganandia contains lead. Lead can leach into acidic foods, and Ganandians tend to eat highly acidic foods. However, the extreme rarity of lead poisoning in Ganandia indicates that the dinnerware does not contain dangerous amounts of lead. Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument above?

(A) The dinnerware is produced exclusively for sale outside Ganandia.

(B) Ganandian foods typically are much more acidic than foods anywhere else in the world.

(C) The only source of lead poisoning in Ganandia is lead that has leached into food.

(D) Most people who use the dinnerware are not aware that it contains lead.

(E) Acidic foods can leach lead from dinnerware even if that dinnerware has a protective coating.

5. Sergeant Our police academy no longer requires its applicants to pass a physical examination before being admitted to the academy. As a result, several candidates with weak hearts and high blood pressure have been admitted. Hence, we can expect our future police force to have more health problems than our current police force. Knowledge of each of the following would be relevant to determining the reliability of the sergeant's prediction EXCEPT whether

(A) police officer candidates are screened for high blood pressure before joining the police force

(B) the police officer candidates who are not healthy now are likely to be unhealthy as police officers

(C) graduates of the police academy are required to pass a physical examination

(D) the health of the current police officer candidates is worse than was the health of police officer candidates in the past

(E) a police officer's health is a reliable indicator of the officer's performance

6. Because adult iguanas on Plazos Island are much smaller than adult iguanas of the same species on nearby islands, researchers assumed that environmental conditions on Plazos favor the survival of relatively smaller baby iguanas (hatchlings) in each yearly brood. They discovered instead that for each of the past three years, 10 percent of the smaller and 40 percent of the larger hatchlings survived, because larger hatchlings successfully evade their predators. Which of the following, if true about Plazos but not about nearby islands, contributes most to an explanation of the long-standing tendency of iguanas on Plazos to be smaller than those of the same age on nearby islands?

(A) Periodic wind shifts cause extended dry spells on Plazos every year, putting the larger iguanas, whose bodies require relatively more water, at a great disadvantage.

(B) There are exactly three species of iguanas on Plazos but only two species of seagulls that feed on iguanas, and a relatively small percentage of each year's hatchlings are consumed by seagulls.

(C) Wild cats, which were introduced as pets by early settlers and which were formerly major predators of Plazos iguanas, were recently killed off by a disease specific to cats.

(D) The iguanas on Plazos are a relatively ancient part of the island's animal life.

(E) Both land and marine iguanas live on Plazos, and the land iguanas tend to be larger than marine iguanas of the same age

7. Every human being who has ever lived had two parents. Therefore, more people were alive threethousand years ago than are alive now. The reasoning in the argument is flawed because it

(A) overlooks the number of people in each generation during the last three thousand years who left no descendants

(B) disregards possible effects of disasters such as famines and plagues on human history

(C) overestimates the mathematical effect of repeated doublings on population size

(D) fails to take into account that people now alive have overlapping sets of ancestors

(E) fails to consider that accurate estimation of the number of people alive three thousand years ago might be impossible

8. Each of the academic journals Thought and Ergo has a review committee to prevent misattributed quotations from appearing in its published articles. Nevertheless, about ten percent of the quotations in Thought's published articles are misattributed, whereas Ergo contains no misattributions. Ergo's committee is more effective, therefore, than Thought's at finding misattributed quotations. The argument above assumes that

(A) most of the articles submitted to Thought for publication contain misattributed quotations

(B) there are at least some misattributed quotations in articles submitted to Ergo for publication

(C) the members of Ergo's committee are, on the whole, more knowledgeable than are the members of Thought's committee

(D) the number of misattributed quotations in a journal is an accurate measure of how carefully that journal is edited

(E) the authors who submit articles to Ergo for publication are more thorough in attributing quotations than are the authors who submit articles to Thought

9. In the last few decades, grassy wetlands, essential to the nesting and breeding of ducks, geese, swans, and most other species of waterfowl, have been extensively drained and cultivated in southern Canada and the northern United States, Duck populations in North American have plummeted during this time, but populations of swans and geese have been affected less dramatically. Which of the following, if true, most helps to explain the difference mentioned above?

(A) Prohibition of hunting of waterfowl is easier to enforce in areas under cultivation than in wild lands.

(B) Most geese and swans nest and breed farther north than ducks do, in areas that still are not cultivated.

(C) Land that has been harvested rarely provides food suitable for waterfowl.

(D) Goose and swan populations decline in periods of drought, when breeding sites are fewer.

(E) Because they are larger than ducks, geese and swans have a harder time finding protected nesting sites in areas that are cultivated.

10. A researcher found that, in proportion to their body weights, children eat more carbohydrates than adults do. Children also exercise more than adults do. The researcher hypothesized that carbohydrate consumption varies in direct proportion to the calorie demands associated with different levels of exercise. Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the researcher's hypothesis?

(A) More carbohydrates are eaten per capita in nations where the government spends more per capita on public exercise programs.

(B) Children who do not participate in organized sports tend to eat fewer carbohydrates than children who participate in organized sports.

(C) Consumption of increased amounts of carbohydrates is a popular tactic of runners preparing for long-distance races.

(D) Periods of physical growth require a relatively higher level of carbohydrate consumption than otherwise.

(E) Though carbohydrates are necessary for the maintenance of good health, people who consume more carbohydrates are not necessarily healthier.

11. Experts removed a layer of eighteenth-century red paint from a figure in a painting by a sixteenth-century Italian artist, revealing a layer of green paint underneath. Since the green paint dates from the sixteenth century, the figure must have been green, not red, when the painting was completed in 1563.Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?

(A) The experts had been commissioned to restore the painting to the colors it had when it was completed.

(B) X-rays reveal an additional layer of paint beneath the green paint on the figure.

(C) Chemical analyses were used to determine the ages of the red paint and the green paint.

(D) The red paint was added in the eighteenth century in an attempt to repair damage done in the late seventeenth century.

(E) Red paint on the robe of another figure in the painting dates from the sixteenth century.

12. Whenever a French novel is translated into English, the edition sold in Britain should be in British English. If the edition sold in Britain were in American English, its idioms and spellings would appear to British readers to be strikingly American and thus to conflict with the novel's setting. The recommendation is based on which of the following assumptions?

(A) The authors of French novels are usually native speakers of French.

(B) A non-British reader of a novel written in British English will inevitably fail to understand the meanings of some of the words and idioms in the novel.

(C) No French novel that is to be sold in Britain in English translation is set in the United States.

(D) A British reader of a British novel will notice that the idioms and spellings used in the novel are British.

(E) Most French novels are not translated into both British English and American English.

13. Although it is assumed that peacocks' magnificent tails function essentially to attract peahens, no one knows why it should be magnificent tails that give a competitive advantage in securing mates. One explanation is that peahens are more likely to mate with peacocks with magnificent tails than with peacocks that lack magnificent tails. Which of the following is an error of reasoning exemplified by the explanation?

(A) Attributing to animals qualities that are characteristically human

(B) Extending a conclusion that is true of only one species of a genus to all species of the genus

(C) Offering as an explanation a hypothesis that in principle can be neither verified nor proved false

(D) Offering the phenomenon that is to be explained as the explanation of that phenomenon

(E) Assuming without warrant that peacocks with magnificent tails are likely to have other features strongly attractive to peahens

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