语法知识：省略、倒装和插入语 学案设计(人教版英语高考复习)
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篇1：语法知识：省略、倒装和插入语 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
语法知识：省略、倒装和插入语
I.省略
为了使讲话和行文简洁，句中某些成分有时可以省略。省略可分为以下几种情况：
（一） 简单句中的省略
1、省略主语
(1)祈使句中的主语通常被省略。如：
(I)Beg your pardon.
(请再说一遍。--括号内为省略的词语，下同)
(2)其它省略主语多限于少数现成的说法。如：
①（I）Thank you for your help.
②（I）See you tomorrow.
③（It）Doesn’t matter.
2、省略主谓语或主谓语的一部分。如：
①（There is）No smoking.(禁止吸烟。)
②(Is there)Anything else?(还有其它事吗？)
③(You come)This way,please.(请这边走。)
④(Will you)Have a smoke?(吸支烟？)
⑤What(do you think)about a cup of tea?(来杯茶怎么样？)
⑥Why(do you)not say hello to him?(为何不向他问好呢？)
3、省略宾语
（1）省略宾语的全部。如：
①---Do you know Miss Gao? -----I don’t know (her).
②----Which of the two is the better choice?----Well,it’s hard to tell (it).
(2)在一定的语境中，在某些动词（如want,wish,hope,like,love等）之后，可省略作宾语的不定式短语，只保留to。如：
①-----Are you going there?-----I’d like to (go there).
②He didn’t give me the chance,though he had promised to (give me the chance).
如果该宾语是be动词或是动词的完成时态，则须在to之后加be或have。如：
③-----Are you an engineer?------No,but I want to be(an engineer).
④----He hasn’t finished the task yet.-----Well,he ought to have(finished the task).
4、省略表语。如：
①----Are you thirsty?-----Yes,I am(thirsty).
②His brother is not lazy,nor is his sister(lazy).
5、同时省略几个成分。如：
①-----Are you feeling better now?----(I am feeling )Much better (now).
②----Have you finished your work?----(I have)Not(finished my work)yet.
(二)并列句中的省略
两个并列分句中，后一个分句常省略与前一个分句中相同的部分。如：
① My father is a doctor and my mother (is) a nurse.
② I study at college and my sister(studies)at high school.
(三)主从复合句中的省略
1、句中有一些成分被省略（多见于句首）。如：
①(I’m)Sorry to hear that you are ill.
②(It is)Pity we live so far from the sea.
2、省略了从句中与主句相同的部分。如：
①They don’t visit their parents as much as they ought to(visit their parents).
②My friend can’t come to school,but I wonder why(he can’t come).
3、省略了一个从句或从句的一部分，用so或not（切不可用it或that）代替。如：
①----She must be busy now.----If so,she can’t go with us.
②----Is he feeling better today?----I’m afraid not.
类似的用法还有：How so?/Why so?/Is that so?/Do you think so?/Quite so./He said so./I hope so./I don’t think so./I suppose not./I believe not./I hope not，等。
4、句和从句各有一些成分被省略。如：
①The sooner(you do it),the better(it will be).
②----Is Mr King in his office?----(I’m)Sorry,I don’t know(whether he is or not).
（四）其它省略
英语省略的情况还有很多，下面归纳几种需要注意的情况：
1、that的省略
(1)宾语从句中常省略连词 that,但并列多个宾语从句中，只能省略第一个that。
(2)在定语从句中，通常当that在从句中作宾语时，才能省略。如：
The noodles (that)I cooked were delicious.
但是定语从句是there be结构时,在从句中作主语的that也常省略。如：This is the fastest train(that)there is to Beijing.
(3)在主语从句、同位语从句中that很少省略（口语中有省略），在表语从句中偶尔省略。
2、不定式符号to的省略
（1）并列的不定式，前面的不定式带to,后面的不定式可省去to。如：①I told him to sit down and wait a while.
但是，如果两个不定式之间有对比关系，则不可省去to。如：
Hearing the news,we didn’t know whether to laugh or to cry.
（2）某些使役动词（如make,let,have）及感官动词（如see,watch,notice,observe,hear,feel,look at,listen to等）后面作宾语补足语的不定式一定要省去to,但在被动语态中须把to复原。比较：
I saw the boy fall from the tree./The boy was seen to fall from the tree.
He often makes his sister cry,but today he was made to cry by his sister.
(3)find当“发现”讲时，后面作宾语补足语不定式的符号to可以省去，也可以不省。如：
We found him(to)work hard at the experiment.
但如果不定式是to be则to不能省略。如：
She found him to be dishonest.
(4)help当“帮助”讲时，后面的宾语或宾语补足语的不定式符号to可省，也可不省。如：
I will help(to)do it for you./I will help you(to)do it.
(5)介词but,except前若有动词do,后面的动词不定式不带to。如：
① The boy does nothing but play all day.
② The animals have nothing to do but lie down and sleep in winter.
(6)主语从句中有动词do,后面作表语的动词不定式的to可带可不带。如：What we can do now is (to) wait.
3、连词if在部分虚拟条件句中可省略，但后面的语序要有变化。（见“倒装句”有关部分）
4、在某些状语从句中，从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，可省去“主语+be”部分，如：
① As(he was)a child,he often asked many interesting questions.
② I’m going with you if(I am)free.
③ He opened his lips as if(he were)to speak.
5、在某些状语从句中，从句的主语是it，其后的动词be及其主语可一起省略。如：
① Fill in the blanks with articles,if(it is)necessary.
② Whenever(it was)possible,they would stop him and ask him the three questions.
6、在than和as引导的比较状语从句中，在意义明确的情况下，可省略than和as后的任何部分。如：
① I know you than he(knows you).
② I know you than(I know)him.
③ In winter,it is colder here than(it is cold)in your hometown.
④ I’m nearly as tall as he(is).
II. 倒装
英语的正常语序是“主语+谓语”。即主语在前，谓语在后。有时由于句子结构的需要或表示强调，就要采取倒装形式。将谓语动词完全移到主语前称完全倒装；只将助动词或情态动词放到主语之前，称为部分倒装。比较：
The teacher came in.→In came the teacher.（完全倒装）
I have never seen so moving a film before.→Never before have I seen so moving a film.(部分倒装)
倒装句常用于下列情况：
1、疑问句要倒装。如
① Are you from America?（一般疑问句）
② How old is your father?（特殊疑问句）
③ Would you like tea or coffee?（选择疑问句）
④ He was very unhappy,wasn’t he?（反意疑问句）
其中反意疑问句前面陈述部分不倒装，后面附加部分倒装。特殊疑问句中，如果疑问词在句中作主语或作主语的定语，就不倒装。如：⑤Who is going to give us a talk?(主语)
⑥Which bus runs to the zoo?(主语的定语)
2、there be句型
（1）be与其后紧接着的主语保持数的一致。如：
① There is a pen and some books on the desk.
② There are some books and a pen on the desk.
(2)类似的句型还有：there live,there stand,there lie,there seem to be,there happen to be,there is likely to be等。如：
① Once upon a time,there lived an old fisherman by the sea.
② There seems to be something wrong with it.
(3)there be句型的反意疑问句的附加部分也用there be的相应形式，如：①There is little ink in the bottle,is there?
③ There used to be a bus stop at the corner,usedn’t /didn’t there?
3、以here,there,up,down,in,out,now,then,away等副词开头的句子。如：①Look,there comes the bus.
②Out rushed the children.
③Away went the boy.
但如果主语是代词就不倒装。如：
① There he comes.
② Here it is.
4、以only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句开头时，要半倒装。如：
① Only then did I realize that I was wrong.
② Only in this way can we better the living conditions of the people.
③ Only when the war was over in 1949 was he able to go back home.
5、以副词so,neither,nor(均有“也”的含义)开头的句子。如：
① He likes basketball very much.So do I.
② I didn’t read the notice on the board,nor(neither) did he.
但如果so不含“也”的意思，即使打头，也不用倒装。如：
-----It was cold yesterday.-----So it was.（so当“的确”讲）
6、否定意义的副词或连词（如seldom,never,hardly,little,not等）放在句首时，用半倒装。如：
① Seldom does his wife have a holiday.
② Never shall I forget the day.
③ Hardly can I believe it.
④ Not until he saw the present did he feel happy.
⑤ No sooner had we got home than it began to rain.
⑥ Not only is he a pop singer,but he is also a famous film star. （前一个分句倒装，后一个分句不倒装）
7、省略if的虚拟条件句。如果条件从句的谓语有were,had,should等，可省去if,把were,had,should移到句首。如：
① Were I you(=If I were you),I would try again.
② Had you come early(=If you had come early),you would have met him.
③ Should it rain tomorrow(=If it should rain tomorrow),the crops would be saved.
8、as引导的让步状语从句，谓语动词以后的部分倒装（提到as之前）。如：
① Child as he is（=Though he is a child）,he knows a lot.
② Much as I like it,I won’t buy it.
③ Hard as he worked,he made little progress.
Though引导的让步状语从句可以用倒装，也可以不用倒装。
9、so/such引导的结果状语从句，当so/such放在句首时，用倒装如：①So interesting was the film that I saw it twice.
②Such a kindhearted man is he that everyone loves him.
10、直接引语的全部或部分放在句首，并且主句的主语为名词时，主句倒装。如：
①“You are right.”said the teacher.
②“Boys,”said the teacher,“you are right.”
但“I am very sorry.”he said.(he是代词，不倒装)
11、为了表达生动，或为了强调表语或状语，或为了使句子均衡而倒装。如：
① At the head of the queue was an old woman.
② Hanging on the wall was a splendid painting.
③ Before them were miles and miles of snow.
④ Gone are the days when the Chinese had to use foreign oil.
⑤ Also present will be a person who thinks up an idea for an advertisement.
12、某些表示祝愿的句子，需要倒装。如：
① May you succeed!
② Long live the Communist Party of China!
Ⅲ、插入语
英语句子中（尤其在口语中）常插入一些单词、短语或句子，用来补充某些含义。语法上称之为“插入语”。
（一）插入语的类型
1、单词（多是副词）。如：
① I can,however,discuss this when I see you.
② -----Are you hungry?-----Yes,I sure am.
2、短语。如：
① China and India,for example,are neighbours.
② By the way,where are you from?
③ To tell you the truth,I don’t agree with you.
④ Jack,as far as I know,isn’t very clever.
⑤ These young people,I dare say,will succeed.
⑥ This machine,it seems,is not so good as that one.
⑦ What do you think has happened to him?
(二)插入语的位置
通常插入语位于句中，并用逗号隔开。有时，也位于句首或句末。也有时，不用逗号隔开。如：
① What on earth do you mean?
② What was to become of them all,he wondered.
(三)插入语在句中的作用
一般说来，插入语在句中不起主要作用。如果把插入语抽去，句子的含义不大受影响。但是，有的插入语却是句子不可缺少的一部分。如：He got the news from nobody knows where.如果把“nobody knows”从句中抽出，句子含义就不清楚，句子就不通了。
（四）混合疑问句
是一种包含有插入语的特殊疑问句，常用来征询对方对某一疑问点的看法、判断、认识、猜度或请求对方重复一遍说过的话。口语中出现的频率极高。如：
① How long did you say he would stay here?
② When do you suppose he’ll be back?
在这种混合疑问句中用作插入语的动词除了say,suppose之外，常用的还有guess,believe,consider,think,imagine等。
注意：这种带插入语的混合疑问句与带有宾语从句的一般疑问句在结构上是不同的。比较：
Where do you think he has gone?/Do you know where he has gone?
（五）大纲上要求掌握的常用作插入语的词语：
1.above all 2.after all 3.all the same 4.and so on 5.as a matter of fact/in fact 6.as a result 7.as usual 8.by the way 9.for example 10.in a word 11.in one’s opinion 12.in one’s turn 13.in other words 14.more or less 15.generally speaking 16.of course 17.to one’s joy 18.so far 19.to one’s surprise 20.to tell(you)the truth
常作插入语的副词有：actually,besides,finally,however,obviously,
otherwise,probably,therefore等。
高考试题：
1.Not until all the fish died in the river_____how serious the pollution was.(NMET95)
A.did the villagers realize B.the villagers realized
C.the villagers realized D.didn’t the villagers realize
2.Only in this way_____to make improvement in the operating system.
A.you can hope B.you did hope C.can you hope D.did you hope
（上海春季高考）
3.Not until I began to work_____how much time I had wasted.
A.didn’t I realize B.did I realize C.I didn’t realize D.I realize
(NMET90)
4.---David has made great progress recently.---_____,and_____.
A.So he has;so you have B.So he has;so have you
C.So has he;so have you D.So has he;so you have(97上海)
5.I finally got the job I dreamed about.Never in my life____so happy!
A.did I feel B.I felt C.I had felt D.had I felt (春)
6.Not a single song_____at yesterday’s party.(2000上海)
A.she sang B.sang she C.did she sing D.she did sing
7.John plays football_____,if not better than,David.(NMET94)
A.as well B.as well as C.so well D.so well as
8.We all write,_____,even when there is not much to say.(NMET 94)
A.now and then B.by and by C.step by step D.more or less
9.---Susan,go and join your sister cleaning the yard.
---Why_____? John is sitting there doing nothing.(NMET)
A.him B.he C.I D.me
10.The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once____with each other.(NMET2003)
A.they had quarreled B.they have quarreled
C.have they quarreled D.had they quarreled
专项题组训练
I.省略
1.He became a good player_____in college.
A.when B.because C.as soon as D.even though
2._____green,the door might look more beautiful.
A.You painted B.If painted C.To paint D.Have it painted
3.-----The patient feels better.-----I know_______.
A.he feels B.he does C.he does so D.he does it
4.----Have you been here long?-----_________.
A.Not much B.Yes,only little C.No,only yesterday D.No,not very
5.----Do you need a new dictionary in your English study?---No,____.
A.I have some to do it B.there are some already
C.I think I have some that will do D.I’m having some dictionaries
6.I told him to sit down and_____for a moment.
A.waits B.waited C.wait D.waiting
7.My father is a doctor and my mother________.
A.nurse B.a nurse C.be a nurse D.is nurse
II.倒装
1.Nowhere else in the world____cheaper tailoring than in Hong Kong.
A.a tourist can find B.can a tourist find
C.a tourist will find D.a tourist has found
2.----You seem to be an actor.---____.I have played many parts in a lot of films.
A.So I am B.So am I C.So do I D.So I do
3._____that we all went out,lying in the sun.
A.So fine was the weather B.So was the fine weather
C.The weather so fine was D.So the weather was fine
4.____a nice man_____that we all believed him.
A.So;he seemed B.So;did he seem
C.Such;he seemed D.Such;did he seem
5.Not only____working hard,but also_____very polite.
A.is the boy;he is B.is the boy;is he
C.the boy is;he is D.the boy is;is he
6.Not until_____,______settle the problem.
A.he returns;can we B.he returns;we can
C.does he return;we can D.does he return;can we
7.Well____know him and well______know me.
A.I did;he did B.I did;did he C.did I;he did D.did I;did he
8.He was unable to make such progress,______.
A.hard he has tried B.as hard as he tried
9.There______shouts for help from the river.
A.are coming B.did come C.comes D.come
10.Seeing many people coming,away_____.
A.the thief ran B.run the thief C.ran the thief D.did the thief run
III.插入语
1．Hold the ladder for me,that’s_________.
A.all B.it C.all right D.complete
2.---______,but can you tell me how I can get to the zoo?
---I’m sorry.I’m a stranger here myself.Perhaps this lady can help you.
A.I’m sorry B.Hello C.Excuse me D.Why
3.---Have you nearly finished?---_____,we have just begun.
A.Above all B.After all C.On the contrary D.on the other hand
4.The young woman has studied in England for two years and she will come back______.
A.by and by B.one by one C.after a while D.long before
5.Mr Li looked as I remembered,_____he was very thin.
A.except for B.except that C.except D.besides
6.Many great men rose from poverty,Lincoln and Edison,_____.
A.like that B.as though C.for example D.such as
7.---____is the best football player in your city? -----Jerry.
A.Do you think who B.Do you think whom
C.Who do you think D.Whom do you think
8.____we like the idea______not,we’ll have to go with him.
A.Either,or B.Neither,nor C.Whether,or D.If,or
9._____is well known,Taiwan is part of China.
A.As B.That C.Which D.It
10.Albert did not take your book,_____,he was not in the room.
A.All of a sudden B.As a matter of fact
C.Once in a while D.To his surprise
11.Your performance in the driving test didn’t reach the required standard,and_______,you failed.
A.in the end B.after all C.in other words D.at the same time
12.His handwriting is as good as,_____,his brother’s.
A.if not better B.if not better than C.if it is better D.if better than
13.There was a big fire in the building last night.______,all the people were able to escape.
A.Fortunate B.Fortunately C.To be fortunate D.Above all
14.It was raining heavily.______,it was getting dark,so we lost our way and stayed in the cave for the whole night.
A.Above all B.That is C.What’s more D.In other words
15.I didn’t go to his party last night,___,I didn’t want to see him at all.
A.To tell you the truth B.Telling you the truth
C.That’s to say D.Let’s say
16.You may agree with anyone you like.____,I agree with Lily.
A.What’s more B.That’s all C.Personally D.Or rather
17.Only half of the students passed the exam,_____,about 30 students failed in the exam.
A.worse still B.that is C.indeed D.after all
18._____from his accent,he must be from the south.
A.Judging B.Judged C.To judge D.To be judged
19._____,we must do the work with a good plan.
A.To start B.To start with C.Starting D.Starting with
20.We met with a lot of trouble in doing the work._____we succeeded in the end.
A.All in all B.Above all C.Therefore D.After all
Key to the exercises:
高考试题：1---10 ACBBD CBADC
专题训练：I.省略：1---7 ABBDCCB
II.倒装：1--10 BAADA ADCDC
III.插入语：1----10 BCCAB CCCAB
11---20 CBBCA CBABA
责任编辑：李芳芳
篇2：江苏省石庄高级中学06届高考语法(倒装、省略、插入语)练习(人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
江苏省石庄高级中学06届高考语法(倒装、省略、插入语)练习
1.-Why can’t I smoke here? -At no time ____ in the meeting room.
A.is smoking permitted B.smoking is permitted C.does smoking permit D.smoking does permit
2.Only ____ as an interpreter ____ how important it is to grasp English.
A. when did I work; I realized B. when I worked; I realized
C. when did I work; did I realize D. when I worked; did I realize
3.Zhang Hua is clever and works hard at his lessons. _________.
A. So is Li Ming B. So does Li MingC. It was the same with Li Ming D. So it is with Li Ming
4. that they may eventually reduce the amount of labor needed on construction sites by 90 percent.
A. Such construction robots are clever B. So clever the construction robots are
C. Such clever construction robots are D. So clever are the construction robots
5.Important ___ his discovery was, it was regarded as a matter of no account in his time.
A. when B. until C. as D. although
6. ____ in 1812, the New Orleans Battle could have been avoided.
A. If the peace agreement was signed in America B. If the peace agreement had signed in America
C. Was the peace agreement signed in America D. Had the peace agreement been signed in America
7.It was too noisy outside. Not until I shouted at the top of my voice ____ his head.
A. did he turn B. had he turned C. he hadn’t turned D. he didn’t turn
8.The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once ________with each other.
A. they had quarrelled B. they have quarreled C. have they quarrelled D. had they quarreled
9.Only in this way_________ to make improvement in the operating system.
A. you can hope B. you did hope C. can you hope D. did you hope
10.-You forgot your purse when you went out.-Good heavens, _______.
A. so did I B. so I did C.I did so D.I so did
11.Not only ________interested in football but ________ beginning to show an interest in it.
A. the teacher himself is…all his students are B. the teacher himself is…are all his students
C. is the teacher himself…are all his students D. is the teacher himself…all his students are
12.Only when the war was over ________to his hometown.
A. did the young soldier return B. the young soldier returned
C. returned the young soldier D. the young soldier did return
13.An awful accident ________, however, occur the other day.
A. does B. did C. has to D. had to
14.My sister speaks English , if not better than, my brother.
A.as well B.as well as C.so well D.so well as
15. , you have given me a lot of help.
A.Tell the truth B.To tell the truth C.Telling true D.Telling truth
16. his face, the young man must be over 20.
A.Judged from B.Judged C.Judging from D.Judging
17. heat is different from temperature?
A.How do you think B.How you think C.What do you think D.What you think
18.What he said, , has nothing to do with what he did.
A.to my surprise B.to my surprised C.to my surprising D.to our surprises
19.This Englishman is good at writing, reading and is kind to others.
A.above all B.first of all C.in all D.after all
20.If Bob’s wife doesn’t agree to sign the papers， .
A．neither he will B．neither does he C．neither will he D．he won’t neither
21.Hardly the people ran toward it．
A．had the plane landed when B．had the plane 1anded than
C．the plane had landed when D．the plane was landing than
22.0nly by practising a few hours every day be able to master the language．
A．you can B．can you C．you will D．will you
23.Never before our country as strong as it is today．
A．has；been B．不填；has been C．has been；不填 D．is；不填
24.Not only polluted but crowded．
A．was the city；were the streets B．the city was；were the streets
C．was the city；the streets were D．the city was；the streets were
25. got into the room telephone rang．
A.He hardly had；than B．Hardly had he；when
C．He had not；than D．Not had he；when
26.-Listen，there ． - Oh，yes．There ．
A．goes the bell；it goes B．goes the bell；goes it
C．the bell goes；it goes D．the bell goes；goes it
27. then he wouldn’t have made such a mistake．
A．If he followed your advice B．Were he to follow your advice
C．Had he followed your advice D．He had followed your advice
28.Only after set free able to go on with his research work．
A．he was；was he B．was he；was he C．was he；he was D．he was；he was
29. do we go for picnics．
Sometimes B．Certainly C．Seldom D．0nce
30.No sooner had she seen her father she ran to him．
A．than B．when C．as D．that
31.Nowhere else in the World cheaper tailoring than in Hong Kong．
A．a tourist can find B．can a tourist find C．a tourist will find D．a tourist has found
32. ，the football game has been decided not to be put off．
A．Heavily as did it rain B．As it rained heavily C．Heavily as it rained D．As heavily as it could
33.Now here else in this city ．
A．can such cheap things be found B．Can find so cheap a thing
C．such cheap things can be found D．you can find sucn cheap things
34.-----I don't think I can walk any further.
------ _______ . Let's stop here for a rest.
A. Neither am I B. Neither can I C. I don't think so D. I think so
35.-Can you tell me where my uncle is? -Yes，of course， ．
A．here your uncle comes B．here comes your uncle
C．comes your uncle here D．your uncle here comes
36.So 1oudly that even people in the street could hear him．
A．he spoke B．did he speak C．he did speak D．spoke he
37.The door burst open and ，shouting with anger.
A．in rushed the crowd B．rushed in the crowd C．the crowd in rushed D．in the crowed rushed
38.On the top of the hill where the old man once lived．
A．a temple stands there B．a temple standing C．does a temple stand D．stands a temple
39.The soil is a part of the earth， is the atmosphere．
A．that B．such C．so D．it
40.On the wall _____ two large portraits.
A.hangs B. hanging C.hanged D. hang
41.-- I usually go there by train.
-- Why not__________by boat for a change?
A.to try going B.trying to go C.to try and go D.try going
42.__________ for your brother, I would not have gone to see Mr. Wang.
A.If it is not B.Were it not C.Had it not been D.If they were not
43-- I’d like to have a piece of bread and two eggs.
-- Anything __________?
A.following B.follows C.to follow D.to be followed
44. He suggested that the work _________ at once.
A.be done B.should do C.could do D.does
45.It’s a fine day. Let’s go swimming, __________?
A.won’t we B.will you C.don’t we D.shall we
46.Be sure to be here early tomorrow, __________?
A.will you B.aren’t you C.can you D.could you
47.We will have a meeting next week, but we don’t know __________.
A.who B.where C.as D.which
48.I don’t like the way __________ you talk to your mother.
A.／ B.in that C.which D.of which
49.I know the boy very well. I have seen him up from childhood.
A.grow B.grew C.was growing D.to grow
50.Though the little boy is often made by his brother, he made his brother ＿＿＿yesterday.
A.cry；to cry B.crying； crying C.cry； cry D.to cry； cry
51.-- I’ll go to Korea to watch the 14th Asian Games. Would you mind looking after my dog?
-- Not all. __________.
A.I can’t B.Please don’t C.I’d like it D.I’d be happy to
52.Tom wanted to play football with his friends in the street, but his father told him__________.
A.not to B.not to do C.not do it D.do not to
53.--Do you think Jack is going to watch a football match this weekend? -- __________.
A.I believe not B.I believe not so C.I don’t believe it D.I don’t believe
54.-- What do you think made the girl so glad? -- __________ a beautiful necklace.
A.As she received B.Receiving C.Received D.Because of receiving
55.-- Aren’t you be chairman? -- No, and I __________.
A.don’t want to B.don’t want C.don’t want to be D.don’t want be
56.Well, we have been waiting here__________for the guest.
A.long time B.a long time C.the long time D.some long time
57.You’re__________your time trying to persuade him. He’ll never join us.
A.spending B.wasting C.losing D.missing
58.Father advised me not to say anything until__________ at the meeting.
A.asking B.to ask C.asked D.ask
59.-- Coffee __________ milk?
-- Only milk, please, __________ I used to like coffee.
A.and；and B.and； but C.or； and D.or； but
60. -- He promised to come to see you.
-- But he __________. I’ve been all alone.
A.didn’t B.wouldn’t C.hasn’t D.won’t
61.-- How about the number of students playing on the playground?
-- __________.
A.Small B.Many C.Little D.Most
62.All substances, __________ solids, liquids, or gases, are made up of entirely atoms.
A.whether they B.whether C.whether are they D.whether are
63.Mr. Black, __________ born in Kentucky, lived and practiced law in Missouri.
A.was B.he was C.although D.who he was
64.-- Have you watered the flowers?-- No, but __________.
A.I am B.I’m going C.I’m just going to D.I will go
65.-- He hasn’t gone to the office up to now. -- Well, he __________.
A.should B.ought to C.ought to go D.ought to have
66.If you go to Xi’an, you will find the palaces there more magnificent than commonly .
A.supposing B.supposed C.to suppose D.suppose
67.If __________ the same treatment again, he is sure to get well.
A.giving B.give C.given D.being given
68.He broke his legs while __________.
A.riding B.ride C.was riding D.rode
69.-- Would you like some wine? -- Yes, just __________. (NMET’93)
A.little B.very little C.a little D.little bit
70.He said__________his sister had passed the entrance examination of college, and__________she would go to college in about 20 days.
A.that； ／ B.that； that C.／； ／ D.that； which
06届高考语法(倒装省略插入语)配套练习答案分析与讲评
1-5ADDDC 6-10DACCB 11-15DABBB 16-20CAAAC 21-25ABACB 26-30ACACA
31-35BCABB 36-40BADCD 41-45DCCAD 46-50ABAAD 51-55DAABC
56-60BBCBC 61-65ABCCD 66-70BCACB
1.-Why can’t I smoke here? -At no time ____ in the meeting room.
A.is smoking permitted B.smoking is permitted C.does smoking permit D.smoking does permit
答句中否定介词短语at no time位于句首，表明了句子的主谓结构应采用部分倒装的形式，即将句中的助动词调至主语之前。根据句子意思该句为被动语态，排除选项B、C、D。
2.Only ____ as an interpreter ____ how important it is to grasp English.
A. when did I work; I realized B. when I worked; I realized
C. when did I work; did I realize D. when I worked; did I realize
only引导状语从句位于句首，从句不可采用倒装形式，主句必须部分倒装。
3.Zhang Hua is clever and works hard at his lessons. _________.
A. So is Li Ming B. So does Li MingC. It was the same with Li Ming D. So it is with Li Ming
根据题干及句子结构可知，它含有两个不同的谓语动词，当它的内容也适合另一个主语时，这个句子需用So it is/ was with sb/sth. 或It is/was the same with sb/sth. 来表示。选项C时态错误。
4. that they may eventually reduce the amount of labor needed on construction sites by 90 percent.
A. Such construction robots are clever B. So clever the construction robots are
C. Such clever construction robots are D. So clever are the construction robots
在so...that 或such...that 引导的结果状语从句中，当so或 such 位于句首时，主句要采用部分倒装形式。
5.Important ___ his discovery was, it was regarded as a matter of no account in his time.
A. when B. until C. as D. although
分析句子意思可知，选项部分为让步状语从句，当从句中用作状语的形容词或名词位于句首时，要用as 或though，但助动词不前置。
6. ____ in 1812, the New Orleans Battle could have been avoided.
A. If the peace agreement was signed in America B. If the peace agreement had signed in America
C. Was the peace agreement signed in America D. Had the peace agreement been signed in America
根据题干中主句谓语动词的结构可知，该句是表示与过去事实相反的虚拟结构，从句中谓语部分应使用过去完成时，如果省略连词if，句子应采用部分倒装形式，即将助动词had调至主语之前，选项A、C为陈述语序，选项B为主动语态，均不符合句子结构
7.It was too noisy outside. Not until I shouted at the top of my voice ____ his head.
A. did he turn B. had he turned C. he hadn’t turned D. he didn’t turn
根据题干及句子结构可知，not until引导的时间状语从句位于句首，且表示过去某一点时刻所发生的动作，主句应采用一般过去时的部分倒装形式。
8.The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once ________with each other.
A. they had quarrelled B. they have quarreled C. have they quarrelled D. had they quarreled
考部分主谓倒装。否定句(如该句中的never)在句首时，应用部分主谓倒装。这类副词有：never ,hardly ,seldom ,scarcely，little等。这句话的意思是：那对老夫妇结婚已经四十年了，连一次架也没吵过。
9.Only in this way_________ to make improvement in the operating system.
A. you can hope B. you did hope C. can you hope D. did you hope
在含有only+状语的句子中，谓语动词要进行倒装。这句话的意思是：只有用这种方法，才能改善操作系统。
10.-You forgot your purse when you went out.-Good heavens, _______.
A. so did I B. so I did C.I did so D.I so did
“so+正装句”的意思是“是的”，表示同意别人所说的话。所提供的情境Good heaven说明自己确实在出门时忘了带钱包，所以回答说：“so I did.”。so I did的意思是“我确实忘了带钱包。”注意区别so I did, so did I, I did so。例：①“He sang this song just now.”-“So did I.”(我也是)②The doctor told me to breathe deeply.“I did so”.(我照着医生的吩咐做了深呼吸)③“You forget to post the letter for me.”-“So I did.”(我的确忘了邮信了)。
11.Not only ________interested in football but ________ beginning to show an interest in it.
A. the teacher himself is…all his students are B. the teacher himself is…are all his students
C. is the teacher himself…are all his students D. is the teacher himself…all his students are
Not only… but…引导的句子前一部分要用倒装。这句话的意思是：不仅老师对足球感兴趣，学生们也开始对足球感兴趣了。
12.Only when the war was over ________to his hometown.
A. did the young soldier return B. the young soldier returned
C. returned the young soldier D. the young soldier did return
only+状语或状语从句作状语时主句要进行倒装。本句是only+时间状语从句，所以后接的主句要倒装。这句话的意思是：直到战争结束后，这个年轻的战士才得以返回故乡。
13.An awful accident ________, however, occur the other day.
A. does B. did C. has to D. had to
这是一个对谓语强调的句子。时间状语the other day表示过去，所以要用一般过去时。由于在主语和谓语中间插入了however，增加了试题的难度。注意：对谓语强调句子必须用于肯定句的一般时中，在谓语动词前加did, does或do。
14.My sister speaks English , if not better than, my brother.
A.as well B.as well as C.so well D.so well as
if not better than为插入语。
15. , you have given me a lot of help.
A.Tell the truth B.To tell the truth C.Telling true D.Telling truth
to tell the truth(说实话),常见的作插入语的不定式短语还有：so to speak(可以说是),to be sure(无疑地),to sum up(概括地说), to be honest(坦率地说),to be frank(坦率地说)，to be fair(说句公道话)。
16. his face, the young man must be over 20.
A.Judged from B.Judged C.Judging from D.Judging
judging from, generally speaking, strictly speaking等都为插入语。
17. heat is different from temperature?
A.How do you think B.How you think C.What do you think D.What you think
do you think为插入语置于疑问词之后，而特殊疑问句本身的主语、谓语用陈述语序。
18.What he said, , has nothing to do with what he did.
A.to my surprise B.to my surprised C.to my surprising D.to our surprises
to my surprise为插入语。
19.This Englishman is good at writing, reading and is kind to others.
A.above all B.first of all C.in all D.after all
above all意为“更重要的是”。
20.If Bob’s wife doesn’t agree to sign the papers， .
A．neither he will B．neither won’t he C．neither will he D．he won’t neither
“他也不去”是将来的事。neither will he=he won’t agree to sign the papers,either
21.Hardly the people ran toward it．
A．had the plane landed when B．had the plane 1anded than
C．the plane had landed when D．the plane was landing than
Hardly…when主句中用倒装，且要用过去完成时
22.0nly by practising a few hours every day be able to master the language．
A．you can B．can you C．you will D．will you
参看2，9题
23.Never before our country as strong as it is today．
A．has；been B．不填；has been C．has been；不填 D．is；不填
Never否定词位于句首
24.Not only polluted but crowded．
A．was the city；were the streets B．the city was；were the streets
C．was the city；the streets were D．the city was；the streets were
参看11题
25. got into the room telephone rang．
A.He hardly had；than B．Hardly had he；when
C．He had not；than D．Not had he；when
参看21题
26.-Listen，there ． - Oh，yes．There ．
A．goes the bell；it goes B．goes the bell；goes it
C．the bell goes；it goes D．the bell goes；goes it
“Here, There, Now, Then + come (或be等) + 主语” 结构
本句型中there是副词,应重读,强调地点。而前一句型中的there是引导词,本身没意义。
除了then引导的句子用过去式以外,其余的均用一般现在时,表示一种生动的描述。其次,如果主语是人称代词,就不用倒装。
27. then he wouldn’t have made such a mistake．
A．If he followed your advice B．Were he to follow your advice
C．Had he followed your advice D．He had followed your advice
省略了If的虚拟语气条件句：在虚拟结构中，条件从句的谓语含有were, had 和should这三个词是，可省去if，将这些词移至主语之前。
28.Only after set free able to go on with his research work．
A．he was；was he B．was he；was he C．was he；he was D．he was；he was
参看2，9，22题
29. do we go for picnics．
Sometimes B．Certainly C．Seldom D．0nce
半否定词位于句首seldom
30.No sooner had she seen her father she ran to him．
A．than B．when C．as D．that
No sooner…than=hardly…when
31.Nowhere else in the World cheaper tailoring than in Hong Kong．
A．a tourist can find B．can a tourist find C．a tourist will find D．a tourist has found
参看23题，Nowhere否定词位于句首
32. ，the football game has been decided not to be put off．
A．Heavily as did it rain B．As it rained heavily C．Heavily as it rained D．As heavily as it could
as引导的让步状语从句，将副词提到句子前
33.Now here else in this city ．
A．can such cheap things be found B．Can find so cheap a thing
C．such cheap things can be found D．you can find sucn cheap things
here, there, up, down, in, out, off, away等副词开头的句子表示强调
34.-----I don't think I can walk any further.
------ _______ . Let's stop here for a rest.
A. Neither am I B. Neither can I C. I don't think so D. I think so
Neither can I =I don’t think I can walk any further,either.参看20题
35.-Can you tell me where my uncle is? -Yes，of course， ．
A．here your uncle comes B．here comes your uncle
C．comes your uncle here D．your uncle here comes
参看26题
36.So 1oudly that even people in the street could hear him．
A．he spoke B．did he speak C．he did speak D．spoke he
So + 形容词、副词及such 置于句首时要倒装
37.The door burst open and ，shouting with anger.
A．in rushed the crowd B．rushed in the crowd C．the crowd in rushed D．in the crowed rushed
为了表达生动，有时把表地点、方位的副词，如 up, down, out, away, in等放在句首，同时把谓语动词放在主语之前。若主语为人称代词，主语和谓语动词的位置不变，只将副词放在句首。（完全倒装）
38.On the top of the hill where the old man once lived．
A．a temple stands there B．a temple standing C．does a temple stand D．stands a temple
介词短语或方位名词词组作地点状语位于句首，引起全部倒装。例如：
In the corner of the room stands a writing－table./South of the city lies a big factory./Under the bed lies a cat./In these oceans live huge numbers of a small fish 5cm long.
注：以上两种完全倒装主语必须是名词，谓语常是表示方位或转移的不及物动词，如lie,live,sit,stand,be,come,go,rise,walk,run等，主语若是人称代词或谓语不属上述动词之列，则不用完全倒装。
39.The soil is a part of the earth， is the atmosphere．
A．that B．such C．so D．it
so, neither或nor表示前句内容也适用于另外的人或事。
40 On the wall _____ two large portraits.
A.hangs B. hanging C.hanged D. hang
析：由于介词短语on the wall位于句首，全句要采用完全倒装式，因为主语是复数。
41.-- I usually go there by train.
-- Why not__________by boat for a change?
A.to try going B.trying to go C.to try and go D.try going
Why not try going...?＝Why don’t you try going...?
42.__________ for your brother, I would not have gone to see Mr. Wang.
A.If it is not B.Were it not C.Had it not been D.If they were not
含有if的虚拟条件句可把if省略，而把had，should，were等提到句首，构成倒装。
43-- I’d like to have a piece of bread and two eggs.
-- Anything __________?
A.following B.follows C.to follow D.to be followed
Anything to follow?＝Is there anything to follow?在there be句型中，修饰主语的不定式可以用主动形式，也可以用被动形式，但口语中，常用主动形式。
44. He suggested that the work _________ at once.
A.be done B.should do C.could do D.does
在suggest(建议)，insist(坚持主张)，order，demand等后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用should＋动词原形，should可以省略。
45.It’s a fine day. Let’s go swimming, __________?
A.won’t we B.will you C.don’t we D.shall we
Shall we=shall we go swimming?
46.Be sure to be here early tomorrow, __________?
A.will you B.aren’t you C.can you D.could you
47.We will have a meeting next week, but we don’t know __________.
A.who B.where C.as D.which
where＝where we will have a meeting next week
48.I don’t like the way __________ you talk to your mother.
A.／ B.in that C.which D.of which
当way，time(次数)等作定语从句的先行词时，引导定语从句的关系词可以用that或in which,也可省略
49.I know the boy very well. I have seen him up from childhood.
A.grow B.grew C.was growing D.to grow
在主动语态中，感官动词和使役动词后接省去to的不定式作宾补；在被动语态中，to不可省略
50.Though the little boy is often made by his brother, he made his brother ＿＿＿yesterday.
A.cry；to cry B.crying； crying C.cry； cry D.to cry； cry
参看49题
51.-- I’ll go to Korea to watch the 14th Asian Games. Would you mind looking after my dog?
-- Not all. __________.
A.I can’t B.Please don’t C.I’d like it D.I’d be happy to
某些表示心理或情感状态的动词如：love, mean, want, hate, like, prefer, wish, expect, hope等的后面跟不定式时，为避免重复，常省略与上文相同的动词，而只保留不定式符号to
52.Tom wanted to play football with his friends in the street, but his father told him__________.
A.not to B.not to do C.not do it D.do not to
tell him not to (play football with his friends in the street.)
53.--Do you think Jack is going to watch a football match this weekend? -- __________.
A.I believe not B.I believe not so C.I don’t believe it D.I don’t believe
so 和not可放在动词expect，fear，hope，suppose，believe，think，以及词组be afraid的后面，省略与上文相同的肯定或否定的宾语从句。
54.-- What do you think made the girl so glad? -- __________ a beautiful necklace.
A.As she received B.Receiving C.Received D.Because of receiving
Receiving a beautiful necklace(makes the girl so glad)
55.-- Aren’t you be chairman? -- No, and I __________.
A.don’t want to B.don’t want C.don’t want to be D.don’t want be
如果要省去的不定式中的动词是be时，则通常保留be
56.Well, we have been waiting here__________for the guest.
A.long time B.a long time C.the long time D.some long time
a long time前省去了介词for。
57.You’re__________your time trying to persuade him. He’ll never join us.
A.spending B.wasting C.losing D.missing
waste one’s time (in) doing sth.意为“浪费时间干某事”；spend time (in) doing sth.意为“花费时间干某事”
58.Father advised me not to say anything until__________ at the meeting.
A.asking B.to ask C.asked D.ask
until asked＝until I was asked.
59.-- Coffee __________ milk?
-- Only milk, please, __________ I used to like coffee.
A.and；and B.and； but C.or； and D.or； but
Coffee and milk?＝Do you want both coffee and milk?
60. -- He promised to come to see you.
-- But he __________. I’ve been all alone.
A.didn’t B.wouldn’t C.hasn’t D.won’t
He hasn’t.＝He hasn’t come to see me.根据下一句，应用完成时态
61.-- How about the number of students playing on the playground?
-- __________.
A.Small B.Many C.Little D.Most
说明the number of...,应用large,big或small
62.All substances, __________ solids, liquids, or gases, are made up of entirely atoms.
A.whether they B.whether C.whether are they D.whether are
在带有状语从句的复合句中，如果从句与主句的主语一致，且从句中含有be动词，则可以省略从句的主语及be动词。此处从句中省略了they are
63.Mr. Black, __________ born in Kentucky, lived and practiced law in Missouri.
A.was B.he was C.although D.who he was
在though, although,等引导的让步状语从句中。如：Though (they were) tired, they went on working. 虽然他们累了，但他们仍继续工作。
64.-- Have you watered the flowers?
-- No, but __________.
A.I am B.I’m going C.I’m just going to D.I will go
在某些结构，如：be about to, be going to, be able to, be sure to, be certain to, be likely to, be ready to, be supposed to, be obliged to, be to等后，常省去与前面动词一致的动词原形
65.-- He hasn’t gone to the office up to now. -- Well, he __________.
A.should B.ought to C.ought to go D.ought to have
如果不定式本身为完成时态，简略答语中常保留have。ought to have＝ought to have gone to the office.
66.If you go to Xi’an, you will find the palaces there more magnificent than commonly .
A.supposing B.supposed C.to suppose D.suppose
本句为比较状语从句的省略,省去了they are
67.If __________ the same treatment again, he is sure to get well.
A.giving B.give C.given D.being given
本句为条件状语从句的省略，省去了he is
68.He broke his legs while __________.
A.riding B.ride C.was riding D.rode
while riding＝while he was riding
69.-- Would you like some wine? -- Yes, just __________. (NMET’93)
A.little B.very little C.a little D.little bit
a little=a little wine
70He said__________his sister had passed the entrance examination of college, and__________she would go to college in about 20 days.
A.that； ／ B.that； that C.／； ／ D.that； which
当宾语从句不只一个时，引导词that一般不省
责任编辑：李芳芳
篇3：虚拟语气 学案设计(人教版英语高考复习)
虚拟语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人的一种愿望，假设，怀疑，建议等含义，虚拟语气所表示的含义不是客观存在的。
一．在非真实条件句中
虚拟条件句（if从句） 主句
与现在事实
相反 主语 + 主语 + would/could/might/ should + do
与过去事实
相反 主语 + 主语 + would/could/might/should + have done
与将来事实
相反 ①主语 + did
②主语 +were to do
③主语 + should do 主语 + would/could/might/should + do
1 If I were you, I would buy it. 2 If she knew English, she would ask me for help now.
3 If you had got up earlier, you would have caught the train yesterday.
注意：错综时间条件句：从句和主句发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要分别根据它所表示的不同时间作相应的调整。 5 If you had followed my advice (听从)yesterday, you would be better now.
6 If they had studied hard in the past, they would do it easily now.
二 省略if的情况: 虚拟条件句中含were , should, had 时，可省略if,把这几个词置于句首。
1 Were I you, I wouldn’t do that. （be） 2. Had you come earlier, you would have seen him.
3. Should it rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.
三 含蓄条件句 :使用with, without, but, or,or else, otherwise， but for(= if it were not for…与现在事实相反；if it had not been for…与过去事实相反)等代条件句。
1 We couldn’t have succeeded without your help.(没有你的帮助)
2 But for the rain（要不是） we would have finished the work.
3 He telephoned to inform me of your birthday. or (=If he hadn’t telephoned to inform me of your birthday)I would have known nothing about it.
但是： If it were not for the fact that she ____sing, I would invite her to the party. C
A. couldn’tB. shouldn’t C. can’tD. mightn’t
四 常用虚拟语气的句型
(一) 在下列句型中，常用“should + 动词原形”且should可以省略：
1 表示要求，建议，命令，提议，意愿等的主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句中。
一坚持insist; 二命令order, command; 三建议suggest, advise,propose; 四要求demand,require,request,ask等后。
注意：当suggest作__________讲，insist作_________讲，后边that从句不用虚拟语气。
2 在It is + 形容词(necessary, natural, strange, etc. ) + that从句中。
在It is/was a pity（a shame, no wonder, etc. ） + that从句中。
1）We all agreed to his suggestion（that）we (should abandon the plan. 放弃那个计划.
2) It is suggested that the meeting should be put off next week.（被推迟）
3) It’s necessary/important/natural that we_______________________每天打扫房间.
但是1) Mike insisted that he had never stolen anything. （从未偷过）
2) The look on his face suggested that he was angry.
但是： It is（high/about）time（that）sb.did sth /should do sth
Eg: It is high time we started / should start. 动身出发
(二) 用动词的过去式表示与现在事实（或将来事实）相反，用动词的过去完成式表示与过去事实相反的句型。
1)．wish后that引导的宾语从句中。(表示对将来的设想，用could/would/might+v.)
2)．as if（though）引导的表语从句或方式状语从句中。
3)．would rather后的宾语从句中。
4)．If only引导的感叹句中。
1 I wish I _______________________. 和你一样聪明。
2 I wish he ______________________ tomorrow. 再次尝试
3 He looks as if/though he ____________________. 他是一个艺术家
4 I’d rather you _________________ there yesterday. 不去
5 Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I _______________ (follow) your advice.
篇4：倒装句与高考(June, ) 学案设计(人教版英语高考复习)
教学目标：1、学习倒装句的形成条件；
2、分析倒装句的句子结构；
3、做好高考选择题，学会写作倒装句。
教学方法：典型高考题示范。
教学步骤：
（一）高考题导入：
1）、_______homework did we have to do that we had no time to take a rest.（福建）
A. So much B. Too much C. Too little D. So little
2）、Only then ______ how much damage had been caused.（陕西）
A. had she realized B. she realized C. did she realized D. she had realized
(二) 倒装句概述：
1、倒装的目的：由于结构和修辞的需要
2、倒装句分类：部分倒装和全部倒装。
3、语序：谓语的一部分或全部放在主语前面。
（三）倒装句分类及例析：
1、全部倒装：
1）直接引语的部分或全部在句首时用倒装。
“Who can answer the question?” asked the teacher.
2）、there, here 或there 开头的句子
There will be a football match this afternoon.
Here comes the bus
There goes the bell
3)表示方位的副词放句首时用倒装
Out rushed the students.
4)为了句子平衡，或使上下文衔接，把介词短语、副词、形容词等放句首。
On top of the books____ the photo album you are looking for.(上海春季)
A. is B.are C. has D. have
At the foot of the mountain _______ （20四川高考）
A. a village lie B. lies a village C. does a village lie D. lying a village
2、部分倒装：
1）“so + be / have -----+ 主语”或“neither / nor + be / have------ + 主语”，表示前面的情况也适用于另一人或事。
He is a teacher, so am I
Of the making of good books there is no end; neither____ any end to their influence on man’s lives.(广东)
there is B. there are C. is there D. are there
2)含有否定意义的副词或连词放在句首时，多用部分倒装。如：few, little, never, not, not until, nowhere, rarely, seldom, hardly------when, no sooner----than,等。
Never in the wildest dreams ____ these people are living in such poor conditions．（2006安徽高考）
A．I could imagine B．could I imagine
C．I couldn’t imagine D．couldn’t I imagine
Maybe you have been to many countries, but nowhere else____ such a beautiful place.(20辽宁)
A．can you find B. you could find C. you can find D. could you find
3）only 所强调的状语位于句首用倒装。
Only then ______ how much damage had been caused.（2006年陕西高考）
A. had she realized B. she realized C. did she realized D. she had realized
4）not until放句首时：not until +副词/状语从句+助动词 + 主语。
Not until recently _______he was a scientist.
A. I did know C. did I know C. I didn’t know D. didn’t I know
5)not only-----but also---在句首，强调的不是主语,用倒装。
_____ snacks and and drinks, but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest.(年上海)
A. Not only they brought B. Not only did they bring
C. Not only brought they D. Not only they did bring
6）在虚拟条件句中，省略连词if ,把were, had, should 置于句首。
_______ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.（2006年湖北）
A. Would you be B. Should you be C. Could you beD. Might you be
（四）高考题等精选：
1）______ by keeping down costs will Power Data hold its advantage over other companies.（2006年浙江高考）
A. Only B. Just C. Still D. Yet
2).Only in this way ___ progress in your English.
A. you make B. can you make C. you be able to make D. will able to make
3）So difficult ______ it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice.（2006年广东）
A. I did find B. did I findC. I have found D. have I found
4）---It’s burning hot today, isn’t it?
---Yes. ________yesterday（2006年福建）
A. So was it B. So it was C. So it is D. So is it
5). So little____ with each other that the neighbouring countries could not settle their difference.(20上海春季)
A. they agreed B. agreed they C. did they agree D. they did agree
6) The old couple have married for 40 years and never once ___ with each other.(全国)
A. they had quarreled B. they have quarreled
C. have they quarreled D. had they quarreled.
7) ____ so busy, I should go with you.
A. Were I not B. Was I not C. If I am not D. I were not
8).He likes swimming, but he doesn’t enjoy skating.
A. So do I B. It is so with me C. Neither do I. D. It is the same with me.
9).Hardly____ we ___ the lab when the power ___ off.
A. Had; left; was B. did; leave; broke; C. had; left; had been D. did; leave; had been
10). No sooner had he come back home____ the telephone began to ring.(高考)
A．than B. when C.then D.that
(五).Hemowork:Choose the best or right answer.
1).Not only ___ polluted but ___ crowded.
A. was the city; were the streets
B. the city was; were the streets
C. was the city; the streets were
D. the city was; the streets were
2) A)Not only food production is important but also taking care of the
environment (is important).
B)Not only is food production important but
also taking care of the environment (is important).
3)A)Not only there are some famous scientists in the museum, but also
there are some well-known artists.
B)Not only are there some famous scientists in the museum, but also
there are some well-known artists.
篇5：第七章：动词概述 学案设计(人教版英语高考复习)
d. He said it in a loud voice.
11.on / about表示 “关于”时的区别: on一般用于比较大或涉及比较广深的问题, 比较正式; 而about用于表示一般的问题
a. This is a little story about a little hero.
b. He will give us a talk an DNA.
动词的分类
动词按其在句中所充当的句子成分分为谓语动词和非谓语动词
一.谓语动词: 用于谓语中的动词称为谓语动词. 按照其能否独立作谓语, 谓语动词又可分为两类:
1.能独立作谓语的动词称为完全动词, 即实义动词;
2.不能独立作谓语的动词称为不完全动词, 包括: 连系动词, 情态动词, 助动词
连系动词有两种: ①.表示特征状态, 如: be, appear看起来, seem看来,似乎, look看起来, sound听起来, smell闻起来, taste尝起来, feel 摸起来, remain仍然是; ②.表示变化过程, 如: become变成, get成为, grow变得, turn变成, go变得, prove证明是
情态动词和助动词参看其他章节
二.非谓语动词: 不充当谓语的动词形式称为非谓语动词, 包括: 不定式, 分词(现在分词和过去分词), 动名词三种, 它们在句中可以充当主语, 宾语, 表语, 定语, 状语等, 具体细节参看第十一章.
三.使用实义动词时要注意的问题:
1.实义动词分为及物与不及物, 及物动词要求有宾语, 能用于被动语态; 不及物动词不能有宾语, 不能用于被动语态
2.实义动词还可分为持续动词与瞬间动词, 前者可以与表示段时间的时间状语连用, 而后者不可. 但瞬间动词的否定式表示“该动作没有发生”, 可视为一种可持续的状态, 并可与段时间状语连用
a. They watched the train leave for five minutes. ( watch是持续动词)
b. I received his letter yesterday. ( receive是瞬间动词)
c. How long have you joined the army ?(错误: joined是瞬间动词, 不能与段时间how long连用)
d. When did you join the army ? (正确)
e. How long have you been in the army ? (正确)
f. How long may I borrow the book ? (错误: borrow是瞬间动词, 不能与段时间how long连用)
g. How long may I keep the book ? (正确)
h. I haven’t received his letter for almost two months. (not receive表示“没有收到”, 这一意思可视为一种持续的状态, 因此可以和段时间two months连用)
四.短语动词的种类: 共有五种不同的短语动词
1. “动词+介词”: 相当于一个及物动词, 如: depend on, look for
2. “动词+副词”: 有的相当于及物动词, 如: look up(查找), 有的相当于不及物动词, 如: slow down(慢下来). 这类短语动词的宾语是代词时, 只能放在动词和副词之间, 如: call her up; 这类短语动词的宾语是名词时, 既可放在动词和副词之间, 也可放在副词之后, 如: call Tom up或call up Tom
3. “动词+副词+介词”: 相当于一个及物动词, 如: keep away from
4. “动词+名词+介词”: 相当于一个及物动词, 如: lose sight of
5. “be +形容词+介词”: 相当于一个及物动词, 如: be worthy of
动词的形式
一.动词的基本形式有: ①.原形; ②.单数第三人称现在时形式, 即词尾加 – s / - es; ③.过去式; ④.过去分词; ⑤.–ing 形式
二.动词第三人称单数现在时形式的构成规则:
①.一般情况加-s, 如: works, learns, comes
②.动词以-s, -x, -sh, -ch, -o结尾时, 加-es, 如: passes, fixes, washes, teaches, goes
③.动词以辅音字母加y结尾时, 将y变为i, 再加-es, 如: carries, cries, flies, studies
三.动词的过去式和过去分词的构成规则:
1.规则动词的过去式和过去分词的构成规则:
①.一般情况下词尾加-ed, 如: worked, wanted, opened, answered, played, obeyed
②.以不发音的-e结尾的词在词尾加-d, 如: hope –hoped, like –liked;
③.以辅音字母+y结尾的, 将y变为i, 再加–ed, 如: study –studied, try –tried;
④.以重读闭音节或-r音节结尾, 末尾只有一个辅音字母(x除外)的, 双写末尾的辅音字母, 再加-ed, 如: stop –stopped, clap -clapped, plan-planned, refer-referred, admit –admitted, permit –permitted
⑤.少数双音节动词, 尽管重音在第一个音节, 仍双写末尾的辅音字母, 然后再加-ed, 如: travel –traveled, program –programmed, 但美式英语不双写辅音字母
2.不规则动词的过去式和过去分词的构成: (参看不规则动词表)
四.动词的-ing形式的构成规则:
①.一般情况直接加-ing, 如: working, studying, going, seeing, staying
②.以不发音的-e结尾, 去掉-e再加-ing, 如: live –living, move-moving;
③.以重读闭音节或-r音节结尾, 末尾又只有一个辅音字母(x除外), 将末尾辅音字母双写, 再加-ing, 如: planning, starring, beginning, referring;
④.少数几个以-ie结尾的重读开音节动词, 应将-ie变成y, 再加- ing, 如: die –dying, tie –tying, lie –lying
⑤.少数双音节动词, 虽然重音在第一音节, 也双写末尾的辅音字母, 然后再加-ing, 如: travel –traveling, 但在美式英语中一般不双写
⑥.以非重读的元音字母加-l结尾的动词构成-ing时, l要双写, 再加-ing(美国英语不双写), 如: travelling, quarrelling
⑦.注意以下几个词的- ing形式: hoe –hoeing, picnic – picnicking, panic –panicking, dye –dyeing
篇6：第八章：谓语动词 学案设计(人教版英语高考复习)
总述: 谓语动词的变化形式取决于时态和语态: 英语的时态有十六种, 中学英语中有十二种常见的时态; 语态有两种, 即主动语态和被动语态
1.在主动语态中, 各种时态的谓语动词的一般形式如下:
一般 进行 完成 完成进行
现在 do / does am / is / are doing have / has done have / has been doing
过去 did was / were doing had done had been doing
将来 shall / will do shall / will be doing shall / will have done X
如果谓语是be动词, 则可用be动词的适当形式( be / am / is / are / was / were / been)代替以上表格中的黑体字部分. 此外, 过去将来时的形式是: should / would do或should / would be
2.在被动语态中, 各种时态的谓语动词的一般形式如下:
一般 进行 完成 完成进行
现在 am / is / are done am / is / are being done have / has been done X
过去 was / were done was / were being done had been done X
将来 shall / will be done X shall / will have been done X
另外, 过去将来时的被动语态形式是should / would be done
主动语态
在主动语态中, 高中英语中常见的有十二个时态
一.一般现在时:
1.构成: 通常以动词原形表示. 主语为第三人称单数时, 则用动词的第三人称单数形式来表示
2.用法:
①.表示现状, 性质, 状态, 经常的或习惯性的动作
a. It is fine today.
b. I am a student.
c. I get up at six every day.
d. My father never takes a bus; he walks to his office.
②.表示客观事实或普遍真理
a. Japan is to the east of China.
b. The sun rises in the east.
c. A horse is a useful animal.
③.表示将来确定会发生的动作(如己安排好或计划好的动作或按时刻表将来一定会发生的动作), 可以这样使用的动词有: go, come, leave, start, arrive等
a. My train leaves at 6:30.
b. The football match is played the day after tomorrow.
④.在时间和条件状语从句中可用一般现在时动词代替一般将来时动词
a. I will let you know as soon as I hear from him.
b. We will go if it is fine tomorrow.
c. I will be away when he arrives.
d. We shall not begin the discussion until he arrives.
e. Mother, I won’t go out unless you agree.
f. Don’t try to run before you begin to walk.
⑤.在某些以here / there开头的句子中用一般现在时动词表示现在正在发生的动作
a. Here comes the bus.=The bus is coming.
b. There goes the bell.
⑥.在体育比赛过程中, 解说员叙述迅速, 短暂动作时, 可用一般现在时, 表示正在进行的或刚刚发生的动作
a. Ma Lianbao passes the ball to Mu Tiezhu, Mu shoots – a fine shot !
⑦.在剧本或图片的说明文字中, 用一般现在时表示动作
a. When the curtain rises, Juliet is sitting at her desk. The phone rings. She picks it up and listens quietly.
二.现在进行时:
1.构成: am / is / are doing
2.用法:
①.表示说话时正在进行着的动作, 或现阶段正在进行而说话时不一定正在进行的动作
a. I am writing a letter.
b. My mother is making a dress these few days.
②.表示即将发生的动作(如在最近按计划或安排好要进行的动作), 常见的有这种用法的动词有: come /go / leave / start / arrive等, 常与表示将来时间的状语连用
a. They are going to Shanghai on Friday.
b. John is coming here next week.
③.现在进行时动词与always, continually, constantly等连用, 表示反复出现的或习惯性的动作
a. The little boy is always asking questions.
b. You are always saying that sort of thing.
④.在一定的上下文中, 前一句用一般现在时动词表述现在发生的事实, 后一句用现在进行时动词来阐述这一事实的原因, 结果, 目的等
a. He frowns. He is worrying about his boy.他皱着眉头, 因为他在为他的孩子担心. (is worrying表示原因)
b. She criticizes him. She is trying to correct his wrong habits. 她批评他, 想纠正他的坏习惯. (is trying表示目的)
c. She lets her child have his own way. She is spoiling him. 她不管她的孩子, 把他惯坏了. ( is spoiling表示结果)
⑤.不表示持续的行为, 而表示知觉, 感觉, 看法, 认识, 感情, 愿望或某种状态的动词通常不用现在进行时, 如: see, hear, smell, taste, recognize, notice, forget, remember, understand, know, believe, suppose, mean, think, love, hate, care, like, dislike, worry, forgive, want, wish, hope, refuse, feel like, belong to , possess, own, have, be, seem等
三.现在完成时:
1.构成: have / has done
2.用法:
①.表示动作在说话之前己经完成, 而后果或影响至今仍存在
a. He has gone to Shanghai. ( =He went to Shanghai and he is not here now. )
b. I have opened the window. ( =I opened the window and the window is now open.)
c. The concert has started. ( =The concert started and is now going on. )
d. I have had breakfast. (=I had breakfast and I am not hungry now. )
②.表示开始于过去, 持续到现在(也许还会继续进行下去)的动作或状态, 用于延续性动词, 且句中常带有表示段时间的时间状语
a. I have studied English since 1987.
b. He has lived here for two years.
c. He has been ill for ten days.
3.现在完成时与一般过去时的区别:
①.现在完成时和一般过去时所表示的动作都发生在过去, 但前者将过去的动作与现在的结果或对现在的影响联系起来, 而后者只限于表示过去的动作本身, 与现在无关
②.现在完成时不能与表明确时间的状语如: yesterday, last year, two days ago, when I came in等连用, 但可与表示不明确时间的状语如: already, yet, sometimes, often, before, lately, recently, once, twice, ever等连用, 也可以和包括现在在内的时间状语如: this morning, today, this week, this year等连用
a. She has already come.
b. I have met him before.
c. Ma Hong has always been a good student.
d. Have you ever been to the Great Wall ?
e. I have seen him this morning.
四.现在完成进行时:
1.构成: have / has been doing
2.特征: 现在完成进行时兼有现在完成时和现在进行时两者的特点
①.它具有现在完成时的特点, 即表示动作发生在过去, 延续到现在或对现在产生影响
②.它具有现在进行时的特点, 即可以表示此动作仍在进行或还会继续
a. Mr. Smith has taught English for twenty years. ( 至今为止教过二十年英语, 至于teach是否结束或是否延续, 不得而知)
b. Mr. Smith has been teaching English for twenty years.( 现在仍在教英语,而且将持续下去)
3.用法:
①.表示现在之前的一段时间里一直进行的动作, 此动可能仍在进行, 也可能刚刚停止
a. I have been reading the book all the morning.
b. He has been staying here for two hours.
c. I have been living in Beijing since 1972.
②.表示现在之前的一段时间里一再重复的动作
a. I have been calling you several times in the past two days.
4.现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别: 前者着重表示过去动作对现在的影响或结果; 后者着重表示过去动作的持续进行
a. I have written six letters since I got back.我己经写了六封信 (强调结果)
b. I have been writing letter since I got back. 我回家后一直在写信 (强调“一直在写”)
c. I have read this book.我读过这本书了(强调“读过”这一结果)
d. I have been reading this book.我一直在读这本书 (强调“一直在读”)
五.一般过去时:
1.构成: 用动词的过去式表示
2.用法:
①.表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内发生的动作或情况, 其中包括习惯性动作
a. I met him yesterday.
b. I used to go to school early every morning.
c. He entered the classroom, sat down at his desk and began to work.
d. Last night, I listened to the radio for two hours and went to bed at midnight.
②.在时间, 条件状语从句中用一般过去时代替过去将来时
a. Helen had left her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband came home.
③.用一般过去时的句子一般有过去的时间状语, 有时也用地点状语暗示动作的发生是在过去
a. Have you seen a pen ? I left it here this morning.
六.过去进行时:
1.构成: was / were doing
2.用法:
①.表示过去某一时刻正在进行或一段时间内一直在进行的动作或情况
a. This time yesterday we were having an important meeting.
b. A year ago we were living in Shanghai.
②.过去进行时常与always, continually, frequently等词连用, 表示过去经常发生或反复发生的情况
a. The old man was always losing his way.
b. The two brothers were frequently quarrelling.
③.表示过去将要发生的动作, 这一用法仅限于一些表示位置转移的动词, 如: go, come, start, stay, leave等
④.过去进行时经常与一般过去时配合使用, 过去进行时表示过去的时间背景
a. The teacher was giving us a lesson when Tom walked into the room.
七.过去完成时:
1.构成: had done
2.用法:
①.表示过去某时间或动作以前己经完成的动作或己存在的状态, 即“过去的过去”
a. When all his money had gone, Marx had to leave his house in London.
b. Marx had learned some English before he got to England.
c. He said he had never been to Shanghai.
d. By the middle of last month I had lived in Beijing for five years.
②.在带有after / before引导的时间状语的句子中, 由于after / before本身的词义己经表明了时间的先后, 所以这类句子中常用一般过去时代替过去完成时
a. We left the house before it began to rain.
b. I didn’t wait long before he came.
c. After we finished the tea, we all sat on the grass.
d. After he arrived in England, Marx worked hard to improve his English.
八.过去完成进行时:
1.构成: had been doing
2.用法: 表示一直持续进行到过去某一时刻的动作, 该动作可能刚刚结束, 也可能还在进行
a. I had been waiting for two hours before the manager came down to see me.
b. By the end of 1998 he had been learning English for five years.
九.一般将来时: 一般将来时有以下几种表现形式
1.shall / will do (shall用于第一人称), 此结构表示单纯的将来, 不涉及主语的主观意愿
a. I shall be twenty years old next year.
b. You will meet him at the station this afternoon.
c. The train will arrive soon.
2.be going to do sth, 此结构表示打算最近或将来要做某事, 或说话人根据己有迹象认为非常可能即将发生的事
a. I am going to meet Tom at the station at six.
b. He is going to stay here for a week.
c. Look at these black clouds --- it is going to rain.
d. I am afraid I am going to have a bad cold.
3.be +动词不定式, 此结构表示职责, 义务, 意图, 约定, 可能性等
a. You are to be back by 10 o’clock.
b. There is to be a sports meet next week.
c. We are to meet at the school gate.
4.be about to do sth, 此结构表示“立刻, 马上”要做某事或发生某情况
a. We are about to leave.
b. Autumn harvest is about to start.
十.将来进行时:
1.构成: shall / will be doing
2.用法:
①.表示将来某时间点或时间段内将在进行的动作
a. This time tomorrow we will be talking with the boss about this matter.
b. I will be studying in this university for the next four years.
②.表示说话人感到某事即将发生或预计要发生某事
a. I will be seeing him next month.
b. We will be taking our holiday at the seaside in July.
c. He will be arriving at six tomorrow morning.
十一.将来完成时:
1.构成: shall / will have done
2.用法: 表示在将来的某一时刻之前将要完成的动作, 这一动作也可能继续进行
a. By seven o’clock this afternoon we shall have arrived in Shanghai if the train keeps good line.
b. Before noon we will have completed this work.
十二.过去将来时:
1.构成:
①.should / would do
a. He said he would go to Shanghai for the holiday.
b. He told me that I should succeed.
②.was / were going to do
a. They were going to have a meeting.
b. The students were going to plant some trees around the playground.
③.was / were (about) to do
a. We were to finish the work in three days.
b. I was about to go out when a friend dropped in.
2.用法: 过去将来时表示相对过去某一时刻来说将要发生的动作或呈现的状态, 以上各形式的具体用法与一般将来时各形式的用法相似
被动语态
一.被动语态的构成: 见“总述”部分
特别说明: 将来进行时和各种完成进行时态没有被动语态形式
带有情态动词的被动语态的构成: 情态动词 + be +过去分词
a. The work must be done right now.
b. That prisoner may be sentenced to death.
二.用法: 被动语态主要用于
1.不知道谁是动作的执行者时, 用被动语态
a. His bike has been stolen.
b. This window was broken last night.
2.没有必要或不想指出谁是动作的执行者时, 用被动语态
a. China was liberated in 1949.
b. I was told you were late this morning.
3.强调或突出动作的承受者时, 用被动语态
a. The plan has already been made.
b. Yao Ming was elected MVP of the last week.
三.主动句变被动句:
1.主动句中的宾语转换成被动句的主语, 时态不变
a. The manager gave me ten minutes to decide whether I should accept the offer.
→I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should accept the offer.
2.带有宾语从句的主动句变被动句时, 宾语从句变成主语从句, 通常不位于句首, 句首用形式主语it
a. We can learn from the text that delicious apples are big.
→It can be learned from the text that delicious apples are big.
3.带有双宾语的主动句变被动句时, 将直接宾语或间接宾语变成被动句的主语都可
a. My brother gave me a birthday present.
→I was given a birthday present. / A birthday present was given to me.
4.带有复合宾语 (即宾语+宾补) 的主动句变被动句时, 宾补的形式一般不变, 只是名称变成了主补, 但当宾补是不带to的不定式时, 要变成带to的不定式
a. I saw him play near the river. He was seen to play near the river.
5.含有短语动词的主动句变成被动句时, 不要遗漏短语动词中的介词或副词
a. The children must be taken good care of. / Good care must be taken of the children.
四.应注意的问题:
1.“be+过去分词”不一定是被动语态, 也可能是系表结构
a. The children were excited at the news.
b. We are interested in the English novel.
c. The mother was worried about her son’s absence.
2.有些动词形式上用主动语态时含有被动意思
a. This book sells well.这本书很畅销
b. This kind of cloth washed very well.这种布很耐洗
c. This pen writes quite smoothly.这支笔很好使
d. This dish tastes good.这道菜味道不错
e. This kind of cloth feels smooth and soft.这料子摸起光滑柔软
3.不是所有的及物动词都有被动语态, 某些表示状态或关系的动词或短语动词只有主动语态, 而无相对应的被动语态. 常见的这类动词有: cost花费, fit适合, have有, hold容纳, lack缺乏, own拥有, suit适合, fail失败, belong to属于, agree with同意
【语法知识：省略、倒装和插入语 学案设计(人教版英语高考复习)】相关文章：
10.高考英语的语法知识点
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