语法和词汇考点详解----虚拟语气 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
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篇1：语法和词汇考点详解----情景交际 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
语法和词汇考点详解----情景交际
【命题依据】 交际用语在历年高考试题中主要以单项填空形式（每年都有一至两道题）来考查考生口头交际的能力。近几年高考常考考点主要为：互相介绍、打电话、表达欣赏、征询意见、看法、猜测、劝说等。这些考点并不是通过对话来考查语法规则的运用，而是考查考生在特定的交际场合下，运用人们所习惯使用的一些表达方式的能力。由于高考单项填空试题中口语化趋势已十分明显，尤其是在听力试题中对交际用语的考查更为突出。因此，今后的高考命题不但不会降低对交际用语的考查力度，反而会进一步加大考查力度。特别是交际用语中有关表达欣赏、赞美、征询意见、看法、劝说等的知识将会是今后高考命题的热点。
[例题1] -Excuse me, could you tell me where I could make a call?
-Sorry, I’m a stranger here.
-____.
A. Thanks a lot B. That’s a pity
C. Thanks anyway D. I’m sorry to hear that
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是注意把握当请求他人帮助，而他人又帮不上忙时的回答方法。
【答案解析】根据对话情景可知，对话发生在两个陌生人之间，一人请求他人帮忙，但因为都是陌生人，未能提供帮助。对这种情景的回答，也要表示感谢，但在后面常用anyway 或all the same。答案C。
[例题2] -Excuse me!
-____
-How can I get to No.1 middle school?
A. Yes? B. That’s OK. C. What’s wrong? D. Pardon?
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是注意在交际用语中，询问他人要请求何种帮助时的表达方法。
【答案解析】根据上下文情景，选项部分是答话人询问他人有什么要请求帮助时的用语。对此回答，在口语中，我们常用Yes？“什么事啊?”来表达。答案A。
[例题3]-I’ve got a cough and my chest hurts.
-____. Let me examine you.
A. Don’t mind B. You should learn to protect yourself
C. Take it easy D. Keep calm. You will recover soon
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要注意在看医生时，医生对病人的安慰的用法的表达。
【答案解析】该对话是医生与病人之间的会话，当医生听到病人的病情介绍之后，在诊断前医生通常会安慰一下病人，使病人不至于过分紧张。所以用 take it easy“别紧张”等来对病人表示安慰。答案C。
[例题4]-Well, my daughters take great interest in most of the food on the menu.
-Thanks. _____?
-Salad, fried fish, chips and orange juice, please.
A. Shall I take your order B. At your service
C. What to follow D. Can I help you
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是注意在餐馆里，客人与服务员之间常用的礼貌用语。
【答案解析】对话首句为顾客对餐馆食物的赞扬，接下来是服务员的礼貌性回答。根据第三句客人所讲内容可知， 选项部分为服务员让客人点菜，故用 Shall I take your order来表达。 B项意思为“听您的吩咐；随时提供方便”不符合情境。答案A。
[例题5] -I can’t thank you enough for the gift you sent me.
-____.
A. With pleasure B. No, thanks
C. Please don’t say so D. My pleasure
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要注意对他人的感谢回答用语的表达。
【答案解析】上句意思为“非常感谢你送给我的礼物”， 下句应用“不用谢，不客气”之类的用语。答案D。
[例题6] -Is this Mr. Black’s office, Joan?
-Yes, ____.
A. that’s all right B. it doesn’t matter
C. after you D. please yourself
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是注意情景交际中接待用语的表达。
【答案解析】根据问话可知选项部分为某一办公室接待人员回答客人的接待用语，句子意思为“这是Black 先生的办公室吗？琼”回答时应用after you“您请，您先请”来表达。答案C。
[例题7] -Would you like to go to play tennis with me in the school court this weekend?
-_____ What about another time?
A. I’d like that. Thanks. B. I’m sorry, I can’t.
C. Great! D. No, not in the least.
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是根据答话人所表达的意思对对方所提建议作出正确应答。
【答案解析】从答话人所说可知，对对方所提建议不能采用，因此应回答I’m sorry, I can’t 。答案B。
[例题8] -Hi, Mary. I enjoyed myself so much at your party last night.
-_____.
A. Oh, that’s kind of you B. Congratulations
C. It’s my pleasure D. Oh, I’m glad to hear that
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是准确把握对他人的夸奖、赞叹的应答方法。
【答案解析】根据上下文可知，该句是说话人对某件事的夸奖、赞叹，应答时应从表示感谢的角度回答。四个选项中，只有Oh， I’m glad to hear that含有此意。答案D。
[例题9] -You seem to get lost. Need help?
-____
A. Yes, give me a hand, please.
B. Help me find my bag, please.
C. I’m looking for the No.1 bus.
D. Yes, would you please help me with the bag?
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要准确理解问话人所表达的意思，从四个选项中找出符合句子逻辑的应答句。
【答案解析】根据题干中问话人的意思“你看上去迷路了，需要帮助吗？”,只有Yes, give me a hand, please.（“好，请帮我一个忙”）符合该情景，其它选项都偏离问话人的意思。答案A。
[例题10] -Don’t be disappointed. Have another go, OK?
-____.
A. With pleasure B. It’s my pleasure
C. That’s all D. Good idea
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要注意把握对他人表示鼓励性的建议的应答方式。
【答案解析】题干上句中Have another go 意思为“再试一下”，是对方的一种建议方式，三个选项A、B、C均不符合情景交际用语。只有 Good idea“好主意”符合情景。答案D。
[例题11] -Come in, please. Make yourself at home.
-____
-I’m glad you like it.
A. Thanks. You have a nice place here.
B. Oh, this picture is so beautiful.
C. Thanks. What nice food you’ve prepared！
D. OK. Let me look around your new house.
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要注意把握情景交际中表示邀请的应答用语的表达。
【答案解析】题干中第一句为说话人的邀请，第三句为说话人对对方的应答表示感谢，可知答话人在应答时对说话人的邀请首先要表示感谢，然后应根据第三句中I’m glad you like it（it指代房子）.进行赞美。选项B、C意思偏离主题；选项 D与下文句子意思不符。只有选项 A符合英国人说话的特点：初到某地，先对其赞美一番。答案A。
[例题12] -Hello, this is 86563286.
-____?
A. How are you B. Will you come to dinner tonight
C. Is that Tom D. Can I take a message
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要准确把握打电话用语在情景交际中的运用。
【答案解析】根据题干上句可知，是打电话用语。在电话中询问对方时常用Is that... speaking ?/ Who is that（speaking）?答案C。
[例题13]-Would you mind if I take the seat?
-____.
A. Yes, sit down, please B. No, not at all
C. Surely, never mind D. No, you can’t take it
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要注意以Do /Would you mind...的句型表示请求许可时的肯定和否定的回答。
【答案解析】在情景交际中，当对方以Do/ Would you mind...？提出请求时，若你同意对方的请求，要用 Not at all. /No, of course not./ No, go ahead.等进行回答；如果你不同意对方的请求。要用Yes, please don’t.等来回答。注意Never mind.不可用来回答Do/Would you mind...?的问句，常用在表示“道歉，后悔”的情景交际中。答案B。
责任编辑：李芳芳
篇2：语法和词汇考点详解----形容词、副词 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
语法和词汇考点详解----形容词、副词
【命题依据】近几年来，高考对形容词和副词的考查多从以下几个方面入手：原级、比较级、最高级的使用；原级、比较级与倍数的表达；比较级、最高级与修饰词的使用；近形和近义词的辨析在具体语境下的使用；多个形容词和副词的排列顺序；常见形容词和副词的惯用法等。由于形容词、副词为实词，今后高考将不会降低对这一部分的考查力度。试题中仍将会考查原级、比较级、最高级与修饰词的使用，多个形容词、副词的排列顺序以及常见形容词、副词的惯用法；要特别注意原级与倍数词在表达时的词序以及近形、近义词的辨析。
[例题1]-What will you buy for your husband’s birthday?
-I want to buy a ____ wallet for him.
A. black leather small B. small black leather
C. small leather black D. black small leather
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要准确把握多个形容词作定语时的词序。
【答案解析】根据多个形容词作定语词序排列规律“限定描绘大、长、高，形状、年龄和新老，颜色、国籍和材料，作用类别往后靠”。可知，选项中三个限定词分别为small（大、小）, black （颜色），leather（材料）。答案为B。
[例题2]-The novel is, I have to say, not a bit interesting. How do you find it?
-Why! It’s ____ that I have ever read.
A. a less interesting B. a more interesting
C. a most interesting D. the most interesting
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要理解句子意思，分析选项，准确使用形容词比较级与最高级结构。
【答案解析】根据句子意思可以知道，本题无比较之意，而含有最高级含义，故应排除选项A、B；选项C中的most 相当于very，不符合句子意思。答案为D。
[例题3]-What does the model plane look like?
-Well, the wings of the plane are ____ of its body.
A. more than the length twice B. twice more than the length
C. more than twice the length D. more twice than the length
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要准确把握比较级结构中由名词构成的倍数表达法。
【答案解析】分析句意及选项可知，这是一个比较级结构中由名词所构成的倍数表达形式。在这一结构中，倍数要置于表示量的名词前面，后接of+另外一个比较对象，该题中more than 仅为一个修饰词，应置于倍数词前面，构成：the wings of the plane are more than twice the length of its body。答案为C。
[例题4]-How about the concert last night?
-Well, at least it’s ____ the one I saw last time with Joan.
A. no worse than B. no better than C. not as good as D. as bad as
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要准确理解答句意义以及四个选项的比较级结构的不同表达。
【答案解析】在比较级结构中“no+比较级+than”意思为“前者并不比后者更……”。根据答句意义，尤其是从at least 可以知道该句意思为“至少它不比我上次跟Joan 一起看的音乐会更糟”，故应选no worse than ；选项B 意义相反，不符合句意；选项C、D意义相同。答案为A。
[例题5]Of the two scientists, who do you think is ____?
A. a successful one B. more successful
C. a more successful D. the more successful
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要准确判断在表示两者的句子结构中，形容词比较级前冠词的使用。
【答案解析】在含有of the two 的句子结构中，句子的形容词要用比较级形式，并且被定冠词the限定， 意思为“两者中更……”。该句意思为：“两位科学家中，你认为哪一位更成功？”答案为D。
[例题6]We can’t get the machine to run. There must be ___ with it.
A. something wrong serious B. something seriously wrong
C. something serious wrong D. something wrong seriously
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要准确把握副词与形容词之间、形容词与不定式之间的修饰关系及词序。
【答案解析】一般情况下，形容词修饰不定代词时，要放在不定代词的后面；副词修饰形容词时，要放在形容词之前，这样便构成something seriously wrong。答案为B。
[例题7]After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced ____ in as the year before.
A. as many machines twice B. twice many as machines
C. as twice many machines D. twice as many machines
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要理清含有倍数的同级比较结构中词的排列顺序。
【答案解析】在含有倍数、百分数的同级比较结构中，倍数或百分数必须置于as...as 之前;由many或much修饰的复数名词或不可数名词必须置于 as...as中间。答案为D。
[例题8]After the long journey, the Smiths returned home, ____.
A. safe but tired B. safely but tired
C. safe and tiring D. safely and tiring
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要注意弄清表示增补意义，在句中作状语的形容词和副词的用法区别，以及动词的瞖d 与瞚ng形式在句中的用法区别。
【答案解析】根据题干意义可知，空格部分是用来补充说明句子主语是怎样的，故选用形容词做状语，表示“人感到累”应用tired，由于选项是两个意义不一致的形容词，故用转折连词but 连接。实际上，该句相当于...the Smiths returned home and they were safe but tired。答案为A。
[例题9]Tasting ____, this kind of fried chicken sells ____.
A. well; good B. to be good; well
C. good; well D. to be well; good
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是把握系动词后形容词或副词的选用以及谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义的选用。
【答案解析】分析题干可知，第一空taste在此作系动词，其后应接不带to be结构的形容词作表语。由于well作形容词时意思为“健康的”，不符合题意，故应选 good作表语；第二空sell 在此为不及物动词，后接副词well，意思为“畅销”，用sell的主动形式表示被动意义。答案为C。
[例题10]The problem is not ____ so easy as you think. It’s far from being settled.
A. hardly B. almost C. nearly D. scarcely
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要正确理解句子的意义，根据四个选项的意义及在句中的结构作出选择。
【答案解析】hardly和scarcely 意思均为“几乎不”，与题干中的not 构成双重否定，不符合句子意思；almost与not连用时，almost 常置于not前面，意思为“几乎不”；只有 not nearly为正确结构，意思为“相差很远”。答案为C。
责任编辑：李芳芳
篇3：语法和词汇考点详解----非谓语动词 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
语法和词汇考点详解----非谓语动词
【命题依据】 非谓语动词包括不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词等几种形式。它是中学英语语法中的重点和难点，也是历年高考题中的必考项目。单项填空题中平均每年有1-3题涉及该部分内容，常考考点主要为：动名词和不定式作宾语或宾语补足语的用法比较；现在分词和过去分词作定语和状语的用法比较；现在分词和过去分词的用法比较以及非谓语动词在特定语境中的考查。该项内容能考查考生在具体语言环境中理解句子结构、分析句子的逻辑主语的能力。
[例题1]_____ as the “first lady of speech”, Dr, Lillian Glass is recognized as one of the world’s leading experts on communication skills.
A. KnowingB. Having known C. Known D. To be known
【解题关键】解答该题的关键在于根据句意，准确判断选项动词在句中所作成分。
【答案解析】该题考查过去分词在句中用作原因状语。根据句意及句子结构可知，句子的主语Dr, Lillian Glass实际上就是选项动词的主语，相当于As he is known as ...引导的原因状语从句，为被动结构，故选过去分词known。答案为C。
[例题2]-Why do you look sad?
-There are so many problems _____.
A. remaining to settle B. remained settling
C. remaining to be settled D. remained to be settled
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键在于要准确把握There be句子结构及系动词remain的用法。
【答案解析】remain 在There be 结构中用作后置定语，由于remain是不及物动词，故应用现在分词remaining，相当于定语从句that remains；动词settle置于remain之后，应用动词不定式的被动结构来表示动作还未完成。答案为C。
[例题3]At the end of 2004, there were around 6,000 foreign printing companies in China, _____ up around 4 percent of national total.
A. made B. to make C. making D. having made
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要理解选项动词与前面分句结构关系，并准确把握其主动与被动的意义以及动作的一般性和完成性。
【答案解析】该句考查分词在句中用作结果状语。make up为及物动词短语，在前一分句动作之后发生，根据句意，表示主动，故应选making用作结果状语，相当于并列句and it made 或定语从句which made 句型结构。答案为C。
[例题4]-The English exam is not difficult, is it?
-_____. Even Tom _____ to the top students failed in it.
A. Yes; belongs B. No; belonged C. Yes; belonging D. No; belonging
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要根据上下文情景正确判断“前否后肯”反意问句的回答以及对句子结构的准确理解。
【答案解析】根据答句句意“甚至最好的学生汤姆考试也失败了”可知，第一空应选Yes,(it is)意为“不，英语考试难”；第二空选项动词belong与to构成不及物动词短语，在句中用作定语，故应选现在分词belonging，相当于定语从句who belongs to ...,注意句子的主谓结构为Even Tom failed in it。答案为C。
[例题5]-We didn’t find the Blacks _____ the lecture.
-No one had told him about ____ a lecture the following day.
A. to attend; there to be B. attending; there being
C. attended;there be D. attend; there was
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键在于准确把握“感觉动词”的复合结构的运用以及介词后There be结构的使用。
【答案解析】第一空动词attend为及物动词，表主动，根据感觉动词find所跟复合结构，不可使用to attend，过去分词attended表被动，意义也不成立，可选用attending或attend，但根据句意，此处强调状态，故attending现在分词为最佳选项；第二空介词about 后应使用动名词形式there being。答案B。
[例题6]Only____ according to the directions can the medicine be quite effective.
A. taking B. taken
C. being taken D. having been taken
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键在于正确区分分词的用法。
【答案解析】根据句意可知，选项动词的逻辑主语the medicine与动词take之间为被动关系，实际上相当于一个时间状语从句only when it is taken...结构，故应选taken在句中用作状语。答案B。
[例题7] The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if____ whether he was going in the right direction.
A. seeing B. having seen C. to see D. to have seen
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是准确把握连接词as if后非谓语动词的选用。
【答案解析】当as if后面直接跟一个动词时，常使用不定式to do来表示目的，相当于as if he were (was) to do sth说明动作的未完成性。答案为C。
[例题8]-Is there any possibility of the film____ in Paris International Festival?
-Not in the least, because audience generally think little of it.
A. trying out B. tried out C. to try out D. being tried out
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要正确理解介词后动名词的主动式与被动式的选用以及动名词与其逻辑主语之间的关系。
【答案解析】选项动词短语在句中用作介词of的宾语，应使用动名词形式，根据句意可知，介词of 后的名词the film为动名词短语try out的逻辑主语，且为被动关系，故应选用动名词的被动结构。答案D。
[例题9]-Hi, Mary. Would you like to go to the concert this evening?
-Sorry, Tom. ____ tomorrow’s lessons, I have no time to go out with you.
A. Not preparing B. Not having prepared
C. Not to prepareD. Being not prepared
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要准确区分非谓语动词作状语的意义及用法，以及否定副词not的位置。
【答案解析】根据句意可知，选项动词为原因状语，表主动，强调动作的完成性，相当于一个原因状语从句：As I haven’t prepared tomorrow’s lessons...故应选B(Not having prepared);选项A为现在分词，不表示完成的意思；选项C为不定式的否定结构表目的；选项D为被动结构，not应置于分词being前面，均不符句意。答案B。
[例题10]Every student in our class had an application form in his hand, but no one knew which office_____.
A. to send it to B. to send it
C. to be sent to D. to have it sent
【解题关键】解答该题关键是要注意疑问词后接不定式主动结构与被动结构用作宾语时的用法区别。
【答案解析】根据句意及句子结构可知，选项部分不定式与疑问词一起作为句子的宾语，在这一结构中，常用不定式的主动结构，可以转换为宾语从句：but no one knew which office he would send it to。注意send sth to sb/sp为固定短语，to为介词，不能省略。答案A。
[例题11]-O’Neal works hard.
-So he does. He is often seen _____ heavily before his teammates have even arrived at practice.
A. to be sweated B. sweated
C. be sweated D. sweating
【解题关键】 解答该题关键是要正确处理好“感觉动词、使役动词”主动形式与被动形式复合结构中动词的选用。
【答案解析】根据句子结构可知，感觉动词see用于被动结构，选项A、C不可以用于这一结构中；选项B为被动意义，不成立；只有选项D(sweating)现在分词与be seen构成复合结构，强调状态。答案为D。
[例题12]-How did you get in touch with Mrs. Green?
-Well, it seems to me that you’ve forgottenme her telephone number the other day.
A. to tell B. to have told C. telling D. being told
【解题关键】 解答该题关键是要在上下文语境中理解动词forget后接动名词与不定式的用法区别。
【答案解析】根据问话人的句意可知，“已与Mrs. Green取得联系”了。故回答部分说明“已经忘记了告诉电话号码这件事”，应该使用forget doing sth/having done sth “某事已做，但忘了”，forget to do sth意为“忘记要去做的事情”，强调动作还未发生。答案C。
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篇4：语法和词汇重点-------动词短语 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
语法和词汇重点-------动词短语
【押题依据】动词短语是历年高考考查的一个热点，每年必考。在每年的单项填空题15道题中至少有一道题测试动词短语。设题时往往都是给出四个不同的动词短语来测试考生在具体语境中对动词短语意义的理解和运用能力。动词短语考查面广，灵活度强，在历年高考题拟题中倍受青睐。
[押题1]Some of the students have already learned enough English to ____ a conversation with a native English speaker.
A. hold on B. keep on C. go on D. carry on
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是不仅要理解供选择的四个动词短语的意义，而且要结合题干中的名词与动词短语的关系来进行判断选择。
【答案解析】选项A、B、C三个动词短语都表示“继续”之意，与题干中名词a conversation with a native English speaker构成短语，不符句意。答案D。
[押题2] You’d better fly somewhere in the west. Then you can ____ a hire car and travel around.
A. take up B. get on C. pick up D. turn on
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是根据所给动词短语的意思，结合题干句作出正确选择。
【答案解析】take up开始学，从事，占去； get on 上车，相处,进展； pick up 拾起，学会，收听到，搭车；turn on打开。根据句子意思，应选择pick up，搭乘出租车。答案C。
[押题3]We’ve invited Mr and Mrs Brown to dinner. But we’ll have to because of the baby’s sickness.
A. took up B. made up C. gave up D. put off
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是注意区别give up与put off的差异。
【答案解析】根据句子意思，首先排除选项A开始学，从事，占去；B组成，构成；而选项C（give up放弃）强调主观意义，不符句子意思，故应选put off（推迟）。答案D。
[押题4]They have most carefully the time and money needed to complete the project.
A. picked out B. left out C. figured out D. taken out
【解题关键】 由于选项B、C两个动词短语为不常见短语，意义生疏，故解题时必须根据题干句子意思进行排除选择。
【答案解析】pick out挑出，选出； leave out 漏掉；figure out算出； take out拿出，取出。根据句子意思：他们十分仔细地算出了完成工程所需要的钱和时间，故应选figure out。答案C。
[押题5]The actress who had been thought highly of to be a great disappointment.
A. turned up B. turned out C. turned down D. turned in
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是理解句意：区别四个由动词turn所构成的短语意义，作出正确选择。
【答案解析】turn up调大（音量），出现；turn out结果是，证明是，生产，制造； turn down调低，拒绝；turn in交上去。答案B。
[押题6]-It’s a good idea. But who’s going to ____the plan?
-I think Tom and Mike will.
A. carry out B. get through C. take in D. set aside
【解题关键】该题提供的四个短语意义较广，解答该题的关键必须结合句子意思进行排除从而得出正确答案。
【答案解析】carry out执行，实行；get through完成，度过，通过；take in吸收，领会； set aside不理会，搁置。根据句子的意思：这是一个好主意，但谁去执行这个计划呢？故选carry out。答案A。
[押题7]Most people didn’t accept the theory when it was first ____.
A. set about B. set off C. put forward D. put out
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是结合句子的意思将短语代入，采用排除法进行选择，注意句子的意思与选项动词短语的意义一致。
【答案解析】set about 着手；set off出发，激发； put forward提出； put out扑灭。句意为：当这个理论最初被提出时，绝大多数人不能接受。故选put forward。答案C。
[押题8] Without proper lessons, you could ____ a lot of bad habits when playing the piano.
A. give up B. catch up C. keep up D. pick up
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要注意短语pick up的意义及题干句意的理解。
【答案解析】give up放弃；catch up赶上； keep up维持； pick up学会，搭车，拾起，收听到，无意中得到。根据句子的意思：如果没有正确的指导，弹钢琴时就会染上许多坏习惯。答案D。
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篇5：语法系列复习十-----虚拟语气、倒装句型虚拟语气 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
语法系列复习专题十-----虚拟语气、倒装句型
虚拟语气
虚拟语气是通过特殊的谓语动词形式来表达的愿望、假设、怀疑、猜测或建议等语气，它不表示客观存在。
一、虚拟语气在单句中的用法
常用来表示祝愿、采用固定的倒装句式。例如：
Long live the Peoples Republic of China!中华人民共和国万岁！
be happy! 快乐！
have a good time! 玩得愉快！
succeed! 成功！
make progress! 进步！
二、虚拟语气在复合句中的用法：
1． 在非真实性条件句与主句中的用法
1） 表示与现在事实相反
条件从句 主句
一般过去时（be多用于were） would/should/could/might＋动词原形
例如：If I were you,I should accept the invitation.
如果我是你，我会接受邀请的。
If I had time,I would go there.
如果我有空，我就去那儿。
2） 与过去事实相反
条件从句 主句
过去完成时 would/should/could/might＋have done
例如：If you had come earlier,you couldnt/wouldnt have missed the bus.
如果你早点来，你就不会错过那辆公共汽车了。
If he had seen you yesterday,he would have returned your book.
如果他昨天见到了你，他就会还你的书的。
3） 与将来事实可能相反
条件从句 主句
一般过去时（be多用were）
should do,were to do would/should/could/might＋动词原形
例如：If it should rain/were to rain/rained tomorrow,the sports meet would be
put off.万一明天下雨，运动会就推迟。（事实上明天下雨的可能性不大。）
If you dropped/should drop/were to drop the glass,it would break.
万一杯子掉下来会打碎的。
4） if的省略
如果条件句中有were,had,should 等助动词，可将if省略，而把were,had或should
置于句首,来表达以if引导的条件句的相同意思。
例如：Should it rain/were it to rain tomorrow,the sports meet would be put off./Had he seen you yesterday,he would have returned your book.
5)条件句或主句的省略
当有上下文或上下句中的语言环境暗示的时候，表示虚拟语气的从句或主句往往可以省略，以避免重复。
例如：--Why didnt you attend the party yesterday?
--I would/should have,but I was too busy then.
I was surprised that you didnt like this job.You could have done it better.（后面省略了if you had liked it.）
6)混合时间条件句与主句
条件句与主句的动作发生的时间有先后之差，应按各自动作时间搭配好相应的结构形式。
例如：If the teacher hadnt been ill yesterday,who could give us a lecture now?/If you had reviewed the lesson,you would answer the question now.
7)含蓄条件句与主句
即用without(＝but for),or(else)代替if从句。
例如：Without/But for his help,we wouldnt have made such great progress.
＝If his help,we wouldnt have made such great progress.
2.在as if/as though引导的状语从句中用法：
在as if/as though引导的状语从句中，谓语动词多用倒退一个时间段的方式来表达虚拟语气。例如：
The man speaks as if he were a foreigner./The speaker told us a lot about that country as though he had been there many times./They talked as if they had been good friends for years.
注：as if/as though从句中不一定都要用虚拟语气。如果情况真实性、可能性很大，就要用正常时态来描绘。例如：It looks as if it is going to rain.天看起来象要下雨。（下雨的可能性很大。）
3．在宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句中的用法：
1） 在wish后的宾语从句中的用法：
A．与过去事实相反的愿望：宾从谓语为“had done”形式。例如：I wish I had passed yesterdays exam.要是我昨天的考试及格了该多好。
B．与现在事实相反的愿望：宾从谓语为“did”形式。例如：He wishes he was as clever as you./I wish I had a large room to live in.
C．表示将来愿望：宾从谓语用“would/could do”形式。例如：How I wish I would go abroad next year!
2)在suggest,propose,demand,request,require,order,insist等动词后的宾语从句中，谓语为“(should) do”形式。例如：I suggest/propose/demand/request/require/order/
insist that he(should) be sent to the nearest hospital as soon as possible.
3)在“It is (about/high) time＋that从句”结构中，that从句的谓语用一般过去
时或“should do”形式。例如：It is high time he 他该开始了。
4)在表语从句、同位语从句中的用法：在suggestion,proposal,request,requirement,
advice等名词后的表语从句、同位语从句中，谓语用“(should) do”形式。例如：
My suggestion is that we (should) send a few comrades to help the other groups./He gave an order that the work be done at once.
虚拟语气考点分析
1．--Alice,why didnt you come yesterday?
--I _____,but I had an unexpected visitor. (NMET)
A.had B.would C.was going to D.did
析:此题A、D明显不合上下文，因为乙方没有去。B选项若为would have则成立，可以理解为I would have come if I hadnt had an unexpected visitor.的简略式。但此处是would,故应排除。只有was going to可得体地表达“我原本打算去的，但是有不速之客造访”这一意思。
2．If there were no subjunctive,English ______ much easier. (NMET)
A.will be B.would have been C.could have been D.would be
析：观察题干，可知全句表达的是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。故答案为D。
3．The guard at the gate insisted that everybody ______ the rules. (NMET)
A.obeys B.obey C.will obey D.would obey
析：根据insist后的宾语从句谓语要用(should) do形式规律，可定正确答案是B。
4．I wish I _____ you yesterday.
A.seen B.did see C.had seen D.were to see
析：此题表与过去事实相反的原望，答案应为C。
5．-- If he _____ ,he _____ that food.
-- Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately. (NMET)
A.was warned;would not take B.had been warned;would not have taken
C.wuld be warned;had not taken D.would have been warned;had not taken
析：从对话看，是表达与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故答案为B。
6.Without electricity human life _____ quite different today. (NMET)
A.is B.will be C.would have been D.would be
析：without引出一个含蓄条件句，主句表述的是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，故答案为D。
7．When a pencil is partly in a glass of water,it look as if it _____. (NMET)
A.breaks B.has broken C.were broken D.had been broken
析；放入水中的铅笔看上去是断的，但实际上并非如此，因此是与现在的事实相反，这时as if从句谓语要用一般过去时，故答案为C。
8．You didnt let me drive.If we _____ in turn,you _____ so tired. (NMET)
A.drove;didnt get B.drove;wouldnt get
C.were driving;wouldnt get D.had driven;wouldnt have got
析：观察题干，可知if从句表述与过去事实相反的假设，因此答案只能是D。
9．I didnt see your uncle at the party.If he _____ ,he would have said hello to
me.
A.would come B.had come C.came D.did come
析：观察题目上下文，特别是第二句的主句谓语为 would have said，可知if从句表述的是与过去事实相反的愿望，因此答案为B。
10．_____ it _____ for your help,I couldnt have made any progress.
A.Had;not been B.Should;not be C.Did;not be D.Not;be
析：根据主句谓语形式，可知从句要用had done形式，故应选A，Had it not been for your help＝If it had not been for your help.（要不是你帮忙的话）
11．Mr Smith was badly ill,or he _____ our dinner party.
A.should come to B.would have attended
C.would come to D.should have attended
析：or可引导含蓄条件句，表达虚拟语气。根据此题内容，可知是与过去事实相反的假设，故答案为B。
倒装句型
英语的倒装有两大类型：
一、全部倒装：指谓语全部置于主语之前的倒装，有下列几种情况：
1． here,there,away,in,out,down,up,off,back,now,then等在句首时引起全部倒装。
例如：
Here is a letter for you./There goes the last train./The door opened,and in came Mr Smith./Away went the boy./Down came the rain and up went the umbrellas./Back came the others./Out rushed the boy with an apple in his hand./Then came a noise like thunder./Now comes the bus.
2． 介词短语或方位名词词组作地点状语位于句首，引起全部倒装。例如：
In the corner of the room stands a writing－table./South of the city lies a big factory./Under the bed lies a cat./In these oceans live huge numbers of a small fish 5cm long.
注：以上两种完全倒装主语必须是名词，谓语常是表示方位或转移的不及物动词，如lie,live,sit,stand,be,come,go,rise,walk,run等，主语若是人称代词或谓语不属上述动词之列，则不用完全倒装。例如：
Here it rains a lot every month of the year./Here we are!/Off you go!/Then she went to the shop.
3．在there be 结构中，采用全部倒装语序。例如：
There is a book in the bag.
表 系 主语
4．代词such作表语，意“这样的人”“这样的物”，应置于句首，其后全部倒装。例如：
Such were the facts./Such would be our home in the future.
二、部分倒装：指部分谓语（如助动词、情态动词）位于主语之前的倒装。有下列一些情况：
1．一般疑问句，选择疑问句，反意问句要求部分倒装。例如：Has he finished his work?/Its
a lovely day,isnt it?
2．特殊疑问词不作主语或不作主语的定语的特殊疑问句要求部分倒装。例如：
When did you go there?/Which do you like best?
3．only修饰动词、介词短语、状语从句，并置于句首时，主句中要部分倒装。例如：
Only when the rain stopped did the match start again.
注：“only＋名词/代词”置于句首不要倒装。例如：
Only he can do it.(正) Only can he do it. (误)
4．含有否定意义的副词，如：not,never,neither,nor,seldom,hardly,little等置于句
首时，要求部分倒装。例如：
Hardly can I believe that./Never has he been to the Great Wall./Seldom does she
write to me.
5．not only…but(also)…连接两个分句，not only置于句首，它所引导的这部分要部
分倒装，但but(also)部分不要倒装。例如；
Not only should we study science,but also we should pay attention to politics.
注：若not only…but(also)…连接两个主语，句子不要倒装。
6．not until引起一个短语或引导一个从句置于句首时，主句中要求部分倒装。例如：
Not until he was ten did he go to school./Not until yesterday did I realize what trouble he was in.
7．hardly…when…;no sooner…than…句型中，若hardly,no sooner位于句首时，主句
中要求部分倒装。例如：
Hardly had I entered the room when the phone rang./No sooner had he finished his talk than he was surrounded(包围)by the workers.
8．so表“也”、“同样”意，位于句首时，其后要部分倒装。例如：
You can swim,so can I./If you go,so will I.
倒装语序考点分析
1． Not only _____ polluted but _____ crowded. (上海高考)
A.was the city;were the streets B.the city was;the streets were
C.was the city;the streets were D.the city was;were the streets
析：not only部分要部分倒装，可排除B、D。but(also)部分不要倒装，故C为正确答案。
2． Little _____ about his own safety,though he was in great danger himself.
(上海高考)
A．does he care B.did he care C.he care D.he cared
析：否定意义的Little在句首，该句要倒装，故答案在A、B之中选择一个，因A的时
态不对，故答案为B。
3．Only in this way _____ progess in your English. (NMET)
A.you make B.can you make C.you be able to make D.will you able to come
析：Only 修饰in this way置于句首，句子要部分倒装，故答案为B。
4．Not until all the fish died in the river _____ how serious the pollution was.(NMET)
A.did the villagers realize B.the villagers realized
C.the villagers did realize D.didnt the villagers realize
析：由于Not until在句首，主句要采用部分倒装，这样先可排除B、C，又由于D不
应该用didnt,故A为正确答案。
5．Be quick! _____
A.The bus comes here B.The bus here comes
C.Here the bus comes D.Here comes the bus
析：用一般现在时表示正在发生的动作出现在倒装句中，所以此题答案为D。（＝The bus is coming here.）
6．On the wall _____ two large portraits. (NMET)
A.hangs B.hang C.hanged D.hanging
析：由于介词短语on the wall位于句首，全句要采用完全倒装式，因为主语是复数，所以正确答案为B。
虚拟语气、倒装句型专练
1. Little _____ about what others think.
A.he has cared B.he cares C.cared he D.does he care
2._____ got into the room _____ the telephone rang. (NMET)
A.He hardly had;then B.Hardly had he;when
C.He had not;than D.Not had he;when
3.Only by practising a few hours every day _____ be able to master the language.
(上海高考)
A．you can B.can you C.you will D.will you
4.If I _____ him yesterday I _____ him about it.
A.saw;would ask B.had seen;would have asked
C.had seen;would ask D.saw;would have asked
5.What do you think would happen if there _____ no light during the days?
A.is B.will be C.were D.would be
6._____ you succeed in everything and _____ you be healthy.
A.Hope;wish B.Wish;hope C.May;may D.Expect;hope
7.But for your help,I _____ the place.
A.cant find B.cant have found C.couldnt have found D.havent found
8.If her lawyer _____ here last Sunday,he _____ her from going.
A.had been;would have prevented B.had been;would prevent
C.were;would prevent D.were;would have prevented
9.If it had not been for the liberation,no changes _____ place in my hometown.
A.would have taken B.would have been taken C.will taken D.will be taken
10._____ late tommorrow,who would take her place?
A.Should Miss Green come B.If Miss Green would come
C.Miss Green should come D.If Miss Green comes
11._____ it _____,the crops _____ be saved.
A.Had;rained;could B.Should;rain;would
C.If;rains;should D.Would;rain;should
12.The actor is over fifty.But he acts as if he _____ a young man.
A.is B.will be C.should be D.were
13.It seems as if it ____ already summer now.
A.were B.be C.is D.had been
14.I wish I _____ him the day before yesterday.
A.saw B.could see C.had seen D.was seeing
15.I made the suggestion that they _____ the plan they had made.
A.stick to B.stuck to C.insist D.insisted on
16.It is suggested that a study plan _____ right now.
A.is made B.is to be made C.be made D.had been made
17.They required that we _____ them get in the crops.
A.help B.helped C.were helping D.would help
18.She should have attended the class,but she _____ .
A.hadnt B.hasnt C.didnt D.doesnt
19.It was ordered that no smoking _____ in the library,which made the smokers unhappy.
A.is forbidden B.would permit C.be allowed D.should not be allowed
20.Not once _____ his view of life.
A.did the gentleman mention B.the gentleman mentioned
C.mentioned the gentleman D.does the gentleman mention
21.In the sun _____ a group of young soldiers,gun in hand.
A.did stand B.had stood C.standing D.stood
22. --You forgot to hand in your homework yesterday.
--Good heavens! _____.Here you are.
A.So I did B.So did I C.I did,too D.So you have
23._____ with his slippers on when he heard the terrible noise.
A.Out did he rush B.Rushed he out C.Out rushed he D.Out he rushed
24.No sooner _____ finished the composition _____ the light went out.
A.I had;when B.I had;than C.had I;when D.had I;than
25.It was not until _____ to prepare his lessons.
A. did his father come in that the boy began
B. his father came in that the boy began
C. did his father come in did the boy begin
D. his father came in did the boy begin
26._____,so you are not a friend of mine.
A.I never saw you before B.Never before I have seen you
C.Never before have I seen you D.Never had I seen you before
27.--David has made great progress recently.
--_____,and _____. (上海高考)
A.So he has;so you have B.So he has;so have you
C.So has he;so have you D.So has he;so you have
28.Never _____ till tomorrow what may be done today.
A.put off B.do put off C.did you put off D.you will put off
29.--Have you written these letters?
--No,_____ time to do any other work yet.
A.hardly I have B.I have had hardly
C.I have hardly had D.I hardly have had
30._____ get such a pair of shoes for my son?
A.Where do you think can I B.Do you think where can I
C.Do you think where I can D.Where do you think I can
31.Then _____ that the enemy were gone.
A.the news came B.came the news C.did the news come D.did come the news
32.--What a beautiful bridge,_____?
--Yes,_____?
A.isnt it;isnt it B.is it;is it C.isnt it;it is D.is it;it isnt
33.Along the path _____,on which _____ “Keep off the Grass”.
A.stood some signs;were written B.stood some signs;wrote
C.some signs stood;were written D.some signs stood;wrote
34.He took a taxi so that he _____ there in time.
A.was able to be B.got C.could get D.should get
35.Id rather Tom _____ tomorrow.
A.come B.would come C.came D.will come
36.It is about time you ____ the medicine,sir.
A.will take B.should take C.must take D.are to take
37.If there _____ no electricity in the future,our life _____ change a lot.
A.will be;will B.is;will C.should be;would D.would be;would
38.Without the Communist Party there ____ New China.
A.hadnt been a B.is not a C.would be no D.was not a
39.There _____ a lot of deer in the forest.
A.have B.are C.is D.has
40.From space _____ like a huge water－covered globe(球体).
A.looks the earth B.does look the earth
C.the earth looks D.does the earth look
虚拟语气、倒装句型答案
1－5 D B D B C 6－10 C C A A A 11－15 B D A C A
16－20 C A C C A 21－25 D A D D B 26－30 C B A C D
31－35 B A A C C 36－40 B C C B C
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篇6：法和词汇考点祥解----动词时态和语态 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
法和词汇考点祥解----动词时态和语态
【命题依据】动词的时态和语态是历年高考的重点，而且测试的难度也在逐年加大。在单项填空题中，每年考查动词时态的题不少于两道，动词的语态常和时态放在一起考查。高考命题者常从三个角度进行命题：一是直接给定时间状语。考生能直接根据所给时间状语作出选择；二是给定时间状语，但所给时间状语有着较强的干扰性和迷惑性，考生不能直接根据时间状语作出选择；三是题干中不提供任何时间状语，而给出一个上下文情景或一个结构较为复杂的句子，考生必须仔细分析语境，才能作出正确判断。
[例题1] -_____ Mr Smith ____ this week?
- No. He is on holiday.
A. Has; workedB. Does; workC. Did; workD. Is; working
【解题关键】解答该题的关键是根据上下文语境判断句子动作的一般式与进行式的用法区别。
【答案解析】根据答句He is on holiday.说明动作处于正在进行状态，而不是完成性的、过去发生的或经常性的动作，故排除选项A、B、C，选用现在进行时，答案为D。
[例题2]-Got your driving license?
-No. I _____ too busy to have enough practice, so I didn’t take the driving test last week.
A. was B. am C. have been D. had been
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要根据上下文语境中所提供的一般过去时的表示过去时间的对照点，准确判断过去完成时与一般过去时的用法区别。
【答案解析】问句中Got your driving license?为Have you got your driving license？现在完成时的省略表达，该句对选项无影响。决定选项动词时态的是答句中so I didn’t take the driving test last week.分析句意可知，选项动作发生在后一动作之前，表示过去的过去，故应用过去完成时。答案为D。
[例题3]You’d better not call the manager between 7 and 8 this evening, for he _____ an important meeting then.
A. will have B. would have C. will be having D. will have had
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要准确理解句意。根据题干中提供的时间状语来判断使用表示将来的多种时态中的哪一种。
【答案解析】根据题干中的时间状语between 7 and 8 this evening可知，选项动作是在将来某个时刻正在进行的，故应选用将来进行时， 口语中常用这种时态表示将来某时刻正在进行的动作或发生的事。答案为C。
[例题4]-How can you borrow my computer without my permission?
-Oh, I ____ to tell you. I hope you don’t mind.
A. forget B. forgot C. had forgotten D. am forgetting
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是根据语境所提供的信息及其句子的意义，判断一般现在时及过去完成时的用法区别。
【答案解析】该句题干中没有提供任何时间状语，但从语境及句子的含义判断，选项动作表示在过去某个时间发生，所以，首先排除选项A、D，由于题干中没有表示过去时间的对照点，故再排除选项C。 答案为B。
[例题5]-Will you please repeat your idea?
-Certainly. But I think it certain you ____ your attention.
A. don’t pay B. didn’t pay
C. weren’t paying D. aren’t paying
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要准确理解选项动词动作所发生的时间段，区别一般时态与进行时态的用法。
【答案解析】从问话人请求对方重复已讲内容，答话人认为对方在刚才他讲话时没有注意他所讲内容可知，该选项动作强调在过去某个时刻正在进行，表示说话的当时，故应选用过去进行时。答案为C。
[例题6]-I’m sorry, but the boss isn’t here yet. Shall I have her call you when she comes back?
-No, I’ll call her back. If I call again in half an hour, do you think she ____?
A. arrives B. has arrived
C. will arrive D. will have arrived
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是根据语境注意区别一般将来时与将来完成时的用法。
【答案解析】一般将来时表示将来某一时刻将要发生的动作，而将来完成时则表示将来某个时间之前已经发生或完成的动作。根据该句语境及其句意可知，该句选项动作表示将来完成的动作。答案为D。
[例题7] -Are we about to have dinner?
-Yes, it ____ in the dinning room.
A. is serving B. is being served
C. has been serving D. serves
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键在于准确把握动词serve 在句中主动语态与被动语态的使用。
【答案解析】动词serve在此句中意思为“端上、摆出（饭菜）”，为及物动词。根据该句结构可知应使用被动语态，只有选项B为进行时的被动结构，其它选项均为主动形式。答案B。
[例题8]-Joan was badly injured in the accident yesterday and she was sent to hospital.
-Oh, really? I____. I ____ visit her.
A. didn’t know; will go to B. don’t know; will go to
C. didn’t know; am going to D. haven’t known; am going to
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是根据讲话人的说话意图推断动作所发生的时间点，并注意在语境中区别will 和be going to的用法。
【答案解析】分析语境及讲话人意图可知，第一空强调过去的动作，并不表示现在发生的事，故应用一般过去时；第二空应选will，表示即时决定将要做的事，而be going to表示按计划、安排要做的事。答案A。
[例题9]-Don’t you feel surprised to see Bruce at the meeting?
-Yes. I really didn’t think she ____ here.
A. has been B. had been
C. would be D. would have been
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是根据上下文语境准确理解选项动作所表达的时间发生点。
【答案解析】根据上下文语境可知，选项动作已在过去发生或完成。但根据I really didn’t think可以判断出从句中的动作是从过去某时间看将来要发生的事，故应选过去将来时。答案C。
[例题10]-Why is the librarian looking so hard at me?
-You ____ to read aloud in the reading room.
A. don’t suppose B. haven’t supposed
C. are not supposed D. were not supposed
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要根据句子含义准确判断动词suppose在句中的用法以及动词所发生的时间。
【答案解析】根据句子意思，应选用be supposed to“应该做……、被要求做……”，故排除选项A、B；分析上文情景，句中动词使用现在时形式，强调现在的状态 ，所以，再排除选项D。答案C。
[例题11]It seems water from this tap for some time. We’ll have to take it apart to put it right.
A. had leaked B. is leaking
C. leaked D. has been leaking
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要准确把握句中的时间状语for some time所强调的时间段以及所使用的动词时态。
【答案解析】根据句中时间状语for some time以及后一分句的动词时态可知，选项动词动作强调到现在为止并仍在继续，故应排除选项A、C。由于选项B现在进行时不可与一段时间状语连用，所以排除选项B，选D现在完成进行时。答案D。
[例题12]-Take this medicine three times a day, Tom?
-Do I have to take it? It ____ so terrible.
A. is tasting B. is tasted C. tastes D. has tasted
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要准确理解连系动词taste用主动形式表示被动的意义在句中的用法。
【答案解析】根据选项动词及其句子意思可知，taste在此用做连系动词，后接形容词作表语，在这一结构中，taste常用一般现在时的主动形式表示被动意义。答案C。
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篇7：虚拟语气 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
虚拟语气
【押题依据】虚拟语气是历年高考的选考考点。在高考15套试题中考查虚拟语气的共两题。考点常集中在含蓄条件句以及宾语从句中的虚拟语气上。所设选项常通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示，而且都是结合具体语境来考查对考点的运用能力。今后高考对虚拟语气的命题重点仍会是在特定语境中考查虚拟语气中的含蓄虚拟条件句、宾语从句中的谓语动词等。
[押题1]-Can you come to attend our party tonight? -Sorry, but I do wish I ____. A. had B. can C. will D. could
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要理清上下文语境，准确判断wish引导的宾语从句中虚拟结构的使用。
【答案解析】分析上下文语境可以知道，wish引导的宾语从句表示与将来事实相反的愿望，故应用would，could+动词原形。答案D。
[押题2] It is necessary that people both young and old in China ____some English to be prepared for the Olympic Games to be held in Beijing in . A. learn B. will learn C. must learn D. have learned
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要注意在句型It is necessary(strange, natural, important...)+从句中，从句中谓语动词虚拟语气结构的使用。
【答案解析】在句型 It is necessary(strange, natural, important...)+从句结构中，从句中谓语动词要用“should+动词原形”构成，should 可以省略。答案A。
[押题3] If he his legs in the last training, he the coming World Cup, which he has been longing to compete in.
A. hadn’t hurt; would join in B. hadn’t hurt; would have taken part in
C. didn’t hurt; would go in for D. didn’t hurt; would have taken part in
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是根据句子意思准确推断出主从句中谓语动词虚拟结构的使用，特别注意主从句动作所发生的时间不一致性的关系。
【答案解析】根据句子结构可以知道，该题是由if引导的条件状语从句，分析句意，该句表示一种假设，从句中的动作是在过去发生，即表示与过去事实相反，主句的动作是在将来发生，即表示与将来事实相反，故从句谓语动词用had done，主句用would (could, might) +动词原形。答案A。
[押题4] I was caught in a traffic jam for over an hour, otherwise I ____you waiting for such a long time.
A. will not keep B. have not kept C. had not kept D. would not have kept
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要把握otherwise表示转折意义后的句子结构中虚拟语气的使用。
【答案解析】根据句子意义，otherwise 前的分句为客观事实，使用的为一般过去时，而otherwise 后一分句则表示与过去事实相反的一种假设，句中实际省略了if 条件句if I hadn’t been caught...故选项部分应为与过去事实相反的主句虚拟结构，应选 wouldn’t have kept。答案D。
[押题5] Though the girl had been suffering from the blood disease, she acted as if nothing ____ to her while facing her friends and relations. A. happened B. would happen C. was happened D. had happened
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要准确判断as if引导的从句中虚拟结构的使用。
【答案解析】在as if ，as though 引导的方式状语从句中，从句谓语动词要用虚拟结构，根据题干中动词所使用的时态可以看出，选项部分是表示与过去事实相反的动作，要用had + 过去分词构成。答案 D。
[押题6] It’s high time that we students _____ even harder at our lessons as the national entrance examination is coming nearer.
A. work B. will work C. worked D. have to work
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要注意在句型It’s time that...结构中虚拟结构的使用。
【答案解析】在It is time that ...句型结构中，从句的谓语动词要用虚拟结构，可以用一般过去时，也可以用should +动词原形，但should不可省略。答案 C。
[押题7] ____him not to do so, he wouldn’t have made such a serious mistake.
A. Did I persuade B. If I persuade C. If I should persuade D. Had I persuade
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要把握在虚拟条件句中，省略if时，句子结构的使用。
【答案解析】题干中主句的谓语动词使用了wouldn’t have made， 说明该动作表示与过去事实相反，故条件句使用表示与过去事实相反的虚拟结构if sb. had+过去分词，或使用 had sb. done 即省略了if的虚拟结构。答案D。
[押题8] His suggestion that you ____once more sounds reasonable. A. try B. tried C. must try D. can try
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要注意把握在表示“建议、命令、要求”等引导的名词性从句中，虚拟结构的使用。
【答案解析】分析句子意思可以知道，名词suggestion之后的从句为同位语从句，从句中应使用 “should+动词原形”。其中 should 可以省略。答案A。
[押题9]-Do you mind if we set out earlier tomorrow morning? -Well, I’d rather you____.
A. don’t B. didn’t C. won’t D. wouldn’t
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要注意would rather后从句中虚拟结构的使用。
【答案解析】would rather后的从句，如果从句的谓语动词表示与现在或将来事实相反，常用一般过去时，如果与过去事实相反，用过去完成时。该题根据上下文语境可以知道，选项部分的动作是与将来事实相反，故用一般过去时。B。
[押题10]-I ____ to your birthday party last Sunday. -Unfortunately, you were out on business.
A. had come B. came C. would come D. would have come
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要根据上下文语境，准确推断出部分虚拟结构的使用。
【答案解析】根据对话情景可知，答句Unfortunately, you were out on business.（不幸的是你出差了）实际上是上一句暗示的条件。从答句所给的特定的动词时态（一般过去时）来看，上句所说内容是对过去情况的假设，故暗示的条件句应为If I hadn’t been out on business，由此可见，选项部分为主句的谓语动词，表示与过去事实相反，应选用would have come。答案 D。
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篇8：虚拟语气```` (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。下面对虚拟语气在各种句式中的用法分别介绍。
（一）虚拟语气用于条件状语从句
1.表示与现在事实相反的假设时，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用“过去式(be的过去式用were)”．而主句中的谓语动词用“would (should, could，might)＋动词原形.”例如：
If I were you, I should study English.
If he had time，he would attend the meeting.
2.表示与过去的事实相反的假设时，条件状语从句的谓语动词用“had+过去分词”，主句中的谓语动词用 “would (should, could, might)＋have＋过去分词”．例如：
If you had taken my advice，you wouldn't have failed in the examination.
3．表示与将来事实相反的假设时．条件从句和主句所用的谓语动词与“表示现在事实相反的假设” 的谓语动词相同，或者条件从句中用“were to(should)＋动词原形”．例如：
If you came tomorrow，we would have the meeting.
If it were to rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.
4.当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间来调整。例如：
If you had worked hard，you would be very tired.（从句说的是过去，主句指的是现在。）
5.以上句型可以转换成下列形式：
（1）省略if, 用 ”were, had, should+主语“。如：
Were I in school again, I would work harder.
Had you been here earlier, you would have seen him.
Should there be a meeting tomorrow, I would come.
但在虚拟条件状语从句中，省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。如我们可以说：Were it not for the expend, I would go to Italy.但不能说：Weren't it for the expense, I would go to Italy.
(2)用介词短语代替条件状语从句。例如：
Without air, there would be no living things.
But for your help, I couldn't have done it.
(3)用其他方式表示。例如：
It would produce bad results to do that.＝If you have done that，it would produce bad results.
(二)虚拟语气用于宾语从句
1．“wish+宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望．汉语可译为“可惜……”“……就好了”“悔不该….”“但愿…”等。表示现在不能实现的愿望， 从句的谓语动词用过去时；表示将来不能实现的愿望用“would(could)+动词原形”；表示过去不能实现的愿望用“had＋过去分词”或（could）＋have done．例如：
I wish you could go with us.
We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.
2. 虚拟语气在动词 arrange, command. demand, desire, insist, order, request, require, advise, suggest, recommend, propose,等后面的宾语从句中用“(should)+do”.例如：
We suggested that we（should) have a meeting.
We insisted that they（should) go with us.
The doctor ordered that she（should) stay in bed for a few days.
He demanded that we（should) start right away.
注意:insist作“力言”“强调”解时，宾语从句不用虚拟语气。只有当insist作“坚持（认为）”“坚持（应该）”解时宾语从句才用虚拟语气。例如：Mike insisted that he had never stolen anything.
3．虚拟语气在动词mind中的使用
Would you mind if I smoked here?
4. 虚拟语气在动词would rather 中的使用
I would rather I were at home now.
I’d rather he hadn’t done such foolish things.
(三) 虚拟语气用于表语从句、同位语从句作advice idea, order, demand, plan, proposal，suggestion, request等名词的表语从句和同位语从句时，其谓语动词要用虚拟语气的结构“（should)＋动词原形”．例如：
We all agreed to his suggestion that we (should) go to Beijing for sightseeing.
My idea is that we（should）do exercises first.
(四)虚拟语气在as if (as though),even if (even though)等引导的表语从句或状语从句中的应用
如果从句表示动作发生在过去，用过去完成时；指现在状况，则用过去时；指将来则用现在将来时．例如：
He looked as if he were an artist.
He speaks English so fluently as if he had studied English in England.
Even if he were here，he could not solve the problem.
(五) 虚拟语气用于主语从句在主语从句中，谓语动词的虚拟语气结构“should+动词原形”的结构，表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等。例如：It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that .... we should clean the room every day.
It was a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.) that you should be so careless.
It will be desired (suggested, decided, ordered, requested, proposed, etc.) that she should finish her homework this afternoon.
在上述三种主语从句中，should意为“应该”“竟然”，可以省去，但不可换用would。主句所用动词的时态不限。注意：这种从句表示的是事实。如果说话人对这种事实表现出惊奇的情感，就可用虚拟语气．反之。如果不表示惊奇等情感,that从句也可用陈述语气，例如：
It is strange that he did not come yesterday.
It is a pity that you can't swim.
(六）虚拟语气用于定语从句这种从句常用在It is (high) time(that)…句型中，定语从句的谓语动词用过去式，或should+动词原形(should不能省略，be用were)来表示，意为“(现在）该……”。例如：It is（high) time we left（should leave)．
It is high time we were going.
（七）虚拟语气用于if only引导的感叹句中
If only I had taken his advice.我要是听他的话就好了。
If only I were a bird.我如果是一只鸟就好了。
（八) 虚拟语气在简单句中的应用
1)情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时,表示说话人谦虚，客气，有礼貌或语气委婉，常出现在日常会话中，例如：It would be better for you not to stay up too late.
Would you be kind enough to open the door?
(2)用于一些习惯表达法中，例如：Would you like a cup of tea?
I would rather not tell you.
You had better go now.
(3)用“may+动词原形”表示“祝愿”“但愿”。
May you be happy！
May you succeed!
虚拟语气练习
1．I didn’t see your sister at the meeting. If she ____, she would have met my brother.
A. has come B. did come C. came D. had come
2. -Where ____?
-I got stuck in the heavy traffic, otherwise I ____ here earlier.
A. did you go; had arrived B. have you been; would have been
C. were you; would come D. are you; would come
3. He ____ full marks, but he was so careless as to make some spelling mistakes.
A. must have gained B. can have gained C. could have gained D. must gain
4. Without the air to hold some of the sun’s heat, the earth at night ____, too cold for us to live on.
A. would be freezing cold B. will be freezing coldly
C. would be frozen cold D. can freeze coldly
5. ____ the fog, we should have reached our school on time.
A. Because of B. In spite of C. In case of D. But for
6. ____ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.
A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will
7. ____ to do the work, I should do it some other way.
A. If were I B. I were C. Were I D. Was I
8. Had you taken the doctor’s advice yesterday, you ____ all right now.
A. are B. were C. would be D. would have been
9. If only I ____ some English, but I know nothing of it.
A. know B. knew C. known D. has known
10. He suggested that we ____ a meeting to discuss the problem and the worried
look on his face suggested that he ____ anxious to solve the problem.
A. should hold; was B. had done; should be set
C. do; be set D. should hold; should be
11. The young man insisted that he ____ nothing wrong and ____ free.
A. did; set B. had done; should be set
C. do; be set D. had done; must be set
12. I would have telephoned her, but I _____ her number.
A. hadn’t know B. didn’t know
C. don’t know D. wouldn’t have known
13. Given a few more hours, they ____ the work that day.
A. would fulfil B. would have fulfilled
C. had fulfiled D. fulfiled
答案：1-5 DBCAD 6-10 BCCBA 11 BBB
虚拟语气练习
1. He wished that he ___ the examination the next day.
A. would pass B. will pass C. passed D. has passed
2. With better equipment, we ___ the job even sooner.
A. would finish B. might finish
C. could have finished D. had finished
3. It __ only partly right to answer in this way.
A. will be B. would be C. is D. may be
解析：to answer in the way =if we answer in this way
4. Everything taken into consideration, they ___ their output quickly.
A. would have raised B. can have raised
C. must have raised D. would raise
5. It seems as if it ___ already summer.
A. is B. were C. be D. should be
6. They both talked as if they ___ friends before.
A. should be B. had been C. would be D. have been
7. Had she found it, she ___ it.
A. would have sent B. sent C. should send D. send
8. I’d rather you ___ right away.
A. leave B. left C. should leave D. will leave
9. Without the Communist Party of China, ___New China.
A. there were not B. there would be no
C. there will be D. there hadn’t been
10. Long ___ the Communist Party of China!
A. should live B. will live C. live D. lived
11. If you ___ the doctor’s advice, you ___ quite all right now.
A. had followed; were B. had followed; would be
C. had followed; would be D. followed; would be
12. We propose that Mr White ___ the chairman.
A. be B. must C. will be D. is
13. Zhao Xin insisted that he ___ anything at all.
A. shouldn’t steal B. hadn’t stolen
C. not steal D. didn’t steal
14. We agreed to the plan that he ___ Hong Kong this summer.
A. had visited B. would visit C. visit D. could visit
15. Meeting anywhere else, we ___ each other.
A. wouldn’t have recognized B. should recognize
C. could have recognized D. recognized
16. The production ___ up still more rapidly under the more favorable conditions.
A. would have gone B. will have gone
C. should go D. must have gone
17.You could have passed the exam, ___ you spent most of your time playing and reading useless books.
A. if B. or C. but D. unless
18.-Hi, Sam! You are late.
-Sorry. I would have come sooner, but I ___ that you were waiting.
A. didn’t know B. know
C. hadn’t known D. haven’t known
19. One of the requirements for the fire is that the material ____ to its burning temperature.
A. is heated B. will be heated C. would be heated D. be heated
20. If he _____ that he _____ to work there, everything would be OK now.
A. insisted; be sent B. insisted; was sent
C. had insisted; be sent D. had insisted; was sent
21. My demand is that the information referred to in my report ____ to Mr. Brown without delay.
A. to be e-mailed B. e-mailed C. be e-mailed D. being e-mailed
22. I don’t think it advisable that Jack _____ the job since he has little experience.
A. is given B. will be given C. be given D. has been given
23. -Why didn’t Tom give you one of his paintings?
-I didn’t want one, but he would have given me one if I _____.
A. do B. would C. will D. had
24. I’d rather you did some housework when you are free, but you ____.
A. didn’t B. shouldn’t C. weren’t D. don’t
25. This time Tom _____ careful enough, otherwise he would not have passed the test.
A. will be B. was C. had been D. were
答案：1-5 ACBAB 6-10 BABBC 11-15 CABCA 16-20 ACADC 21-25 CCDDB
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篇9：虚拟语气练习题精选 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
虚拟语气练习题精选
1. The teacher demanded that the exam _____ before eleven.
A. must finish B. would be finished C. be finished D. must be finished
2. She made the demand that the journalists _____ at once ______ Iraq.
A. leave; for B. leave; to C. left; to D. to be left; for
3. He is talking so much about America as if he _____ there.
A. had been B. has been C. was D. has gone
4. The young man insisted that he _____ nothing wrong and _____ free.
A. did; set B. had done; should be set C. should do; be set D. had done; must be set
5. I suggested there ____ be a kind of language all could understand and use ____ .
A. can; it B. /; / C. would; it D. may; /
6. The suggestion has been made _____ the basketball game _____ put off.
A. for; to B. that; be C. which; should be D. to; being
7. The order came that the medical supplies _____ to Beijing for the Sars soon.
A. would be sent B. should send C. be sent D. must be sent
8. It is important that we _____ wild animals.
A. will protect B. should protect C. shall protect D. are protecting
9. Had you listened to the doctor, you _____ all right now.
A. are B. were C. would be D. would have been
10. _____ any change about the date, please tell me immediately.
A. Will there be B. Should there be C. There will be D. There should be
11. _____ today, he would get there by Friday.
A. Would he leave B. Was he leaving C. Were he to leave D. If he leave
12. Should it rain, the crops _____ .
A. would be saved B. would have been saved C. will be saved D. had been saved
13. You _____ come earlier. The bus left a moment ago.
A. would B. should have C. may D. have
14. He treated me as though/as if _____ his own son.
A. I am B. I would be C. I was D. I were
15. I _____ you some money, but I hadn’t any on me then.
A. would lend B. would have lent C. could lend D. may have lent
16. A few minutes earlier and we _____ the rain.
A. have caught B. had caught C. could have caught D. were to catch
17. --- “Have you ever been to Beijing?” --- “No, but I wish I _____”
A. have B. will C. do D. had
18. I’m glad I went over all my notes; otherwise _____ .
A. I may have failed B. I’d fail C. I’d have failed D. I’ll have failed
19. --- “What will you do during the summer holiday?”
--- “I don’t know, but it’s high time _____ something.”
A. I’m deciding B. I’ll decide C. I decided D. I decide
20. What should we do if it _____ tomorrow?
A. should snow B. would snow C. snow D. will snow
21. If only I _____ my watch!
A. hadn’t lost B. haven’t lost C. didn’t lost D. don’t lose
22. You _____ such a serious mistake if you had followed his advice.
A. may not make B. might not make
C. shouldn’t have made D. might not have made
23. We _____ the work on time without your help.
A. hadn’t had finished B. didn’t have finished C. couldn’t have finished D. can’t have finished
24. --- “Where have you been?”
--- “I got caught in traffic; otherwise _____ sooner.”
A. I would be here B. I have been here C. I had been here D. I would have been here
25. If it were not for the fact that you _____ ill, I would ask you to do this right now.
A. were B. had been C. are D. should be
用所给动词的正确形式填空，注意使用合适的情态动词助动词
1. If I _____ him yesterday I _____ him about it. (see, ask)
2. What do you think would happen if there _____ no light during the days? (be)
3. But for your help, I couldn’t _____ the place. (find)
4. If her lawyer _____ here last Sunday, he _____ her from going. (be, prevent)
5. If it had not been for the liberation, no changes _____ place in my hometown. (take)
6. If Miss Green _____ late tomorrow, who would take her place? (come)
7. It seems as if it ____ already summer now. (be)
8. I wish I _____ him the day before yesterday. (see)
9. I made the suggestion that they _____ the plan they had made. (stick)
10. It is suggested that a study plan _____ right now. (make)
11. They required that we _____ them get in the crops. (help)
12. It was ordered that no smoking _____ in the library, which made the smokers unhappy. (allow)
13.I’d rather Tom _____ tomorrow. (come)
14.It is about time you ____ the medicine, sir. (take)
15.If there _____ no electricity in the future, our life _____ a lot. (be, change)
16.Without the Communist Party there ____ New China.
17. What would have happened if you her child? (not help)
18. It is strange that he so. (think)
19. I wish I my uncle yesterday. (meet)
20. Galileo insisted that the earth round the sun. (move)
21. I was very busy yesterday, otherwise I to the meeting. (come)
22. Supposing the weather bad, where would they go? (be)
23. If only I to my parents’ advice! (listen)
24. I to stay there for one more week, but I changed my mind. (hope)
25. His silence at the meeting suggested that he to your plan. (agree)
26. Li Ling acted that way as though he a foreigner. (be)
参考答案
Key: 1-5. CAABB 6-10. BCBCB
11-15. CABDB 16-20. CDCCA 21-25. ADCDC
用所给动词的正确形式填空
1. had seen; would have asked
2. were 3.have found
4.had been; would have prevented
5. would have taken 6. should come/came/were to come 7. were
8. had seen 9. stick to
10. be made 11. help 12. be allowed 13. came 14. should take/took
15. should be; would change
16. would be no 17. hadn’t helped
18. (should) think 19. had met
20. moves 21.would have come
22. were 23. had listened
24. had hoped 25. didn’t agree
26. were
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篇10：虚拟语气知多少 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
虚拟语气知多少
虚拟语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人的一种愿望，假设，怀疑，猜测， 建议等含义，虚拟语气所表示的含义不是客观存在的事实。 它的用法在表情达意的过程中发挥着重要的作用。近几年高考在单项选择这一题型中出现不多，但在完形填空和短文改错中仍然大量出现。例如，高考完形填空第38题考察的就是在篇章语境中的虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法。虚拟语气的实际用法主要包括以下几种：
1、虚拟语气用在简单句中，表示“强烈的祝愿或命令的语气”。 常用“May+主语+动词原形”或“主语+动词原形”。例如：
May the friendship between us last long. 祝愿我们的友情天长地久。
You go out！ 你出去！
2、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法。由及物动词 wish引导的宾语从句常表示说话人的一种强烈的却暂时无法实现的愿望。
How I wish she would be on my side!(But in fact it’s quite impossible.我多么希望她能站在我一边啊！
How I wish I could help him! 我多么希望我能帮助他啊！
How I wish I had watched the close NBA game last night.
另外，在表示“命令”、“坚持”、“要求”或“建议”等意义的及物动词（order, command, demand, require, insist, suggest,propose,advise）之后的宾语从句中的谓语动词同样常使用虚拟语气，表示说话人的要求，其结构为：主语+should+动词原形，其中的should常可省略。例如：
The head teacher demanded that we (should ) finish the task in time today.
但是，当insist表示“坚持认为”的意思时，或suggest表示“暗示”或“表明”之意时，宾语从句仍用陈述语气。试比较：
My parents insisted that I ( should) enter a key university.
My parents insisted that they were right.
The soldier’s pale face suggested that he was happy to have given his life to his motherland.
The monitor suggested that we (should ) hold a class meeting tomorrow afternoon to discuss the problem.
3、虚拟语气用在主语从句中。
在句型 “It is important (necessary, strange, natural, a pity, suggested, advised, demanded, commanded, ordered ) that .... ” 中，that 后面的从句中的谓语动词常用：“ should + 动词原形 ”。例如：
It's necessary that we should have a walk now. 我们有必要出去散散步。
It's natural that she should do so. 她这样做是很自然的。
It's important that we should take good care of the patient. 重要的是我们要照顾好病人。
同理，在表示“命令”、“坚持”、“要求”或“建议”等意义的名词前后的主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中的谓语动词同样用虚拟语气，既：“主语+(should)+ 动词原形”的句型。例如：
His suggestion /advice is that we should start early tomorrow morning.
3、虚拟语气用在状语从句中。
虚拟语气最多地用在表示条件的状语从句和表示结果的主句中。在表示与事实相反的虚拟语气时，动词有三种虚拟形式，即虚拟条件现在式，过去式和将来式。
1) 虚拟条件现在式：表示与现在事实相反的假设及根本不可能的假设或结果：
条件状语从句 结果主句
If 主语+ 动词过去式（be 用were） 主语+ would/could/should/might + 动词原形
2)虚拟条件过去式：表示与过去事实相反的假设或结果：
条件状语从句 结果主句
If+主语+ had + 过去分词 主语+should/ would/could/might+ have+ 过去分词。
3）虚拟条件将来式：表示与将来事实相反的假设或结果：
条件状语从句 结果主句
If+ should /were to +动词原形 主语+ should/ would/could/might+动词原形
If I were you, I should get it. 如果我是你，我就买了它。
If I had time now, I would study French. 如果我现在有时间，我会学习法语的。
If you had got up earlier, you could have caught the train. 如果你早一点起床，就会赶上火车的。
If it were to be fine tomorrow, I would go shopping with my friends. 如果明天天气好，我将和朋友们一起去买东西。
4、有关虚拟语气的几个附加问题：
1) 有时if引导的状语从句可以省略 if，而把条件状语从句中的动词 were, had 或 should 移到主语前面，使用部分倒装语序。 例如：
Were she younger, she would do it . 如果她年青点， 她就会干这件事了。
Had he known her address, he would had gone to visit her. 如果他知道她的地址，他会去看她的。
Should it snow tomorrow, it would be exciting.要是明天能下雪的话，那就太棒了。
2) 有时表示虚拟语气的条件从句或者主句都可以省略，而只剩下一个主句或者一个条件从句。 If I had time. 我要有时间该多好啊。
She should have come to the party. 她应该来参加聚会。
3) 虚拟语气中，条件从句的动词动作可以和主句的动词动作时态不一致，这种句式就被称作为“混合虚拟条件句”。 If+ had +主语+过去分词， 主语+ should/ would/could/might+动词原形
If they had studied hard, they could do it easily now. 如果他们以前努力学习的话，现在干的就会容易些。
If he had not taken my advice, he wouldn't do it much better like this. 如果他不听取我的建议，他就不会干得这样好。
4）特殊句型：
It’s (high) time (that) sb. should do/过去式
Sb. would rather (that) sb +过去式
5）含蓄虚拟条件句
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有： （1）介词或介词短语，如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。
______________the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.
A. In spite of B. But for C. Because of D. As for
But that she was afraid, she would have said no.
6)虚拟语气用于as if（though）引起的方式状语从句和表语从句中，其动词形式与wish宾语从句的形式相同。例如：She often laughs spontaneously, and her good humor breaks out as brightly as if it were a part of the sunshine above.她常常发出发自内心的微笑，而且她那美好的情绪像天上一道明亮的阳光一样，常常流露出来。
They talked as if they had been friends for years.他们交谈着，就好像他们是我年的老朋友一样。
She looks as if she would cry.她看起来好像要哭了。
由于虚拟语气结构复杂、用法众多，因此，尤其需要大家分清虚拟语气的结构，在语言实践中灵活运用！
配套强化训练：虚拟语气
1．Were it not for the snowy weather, we all right.
A. would be B. would have been C. were D. may be
2. more careful, his ship would not have sunk.
A. If the captain were B. Had the captain been
C. Should the captain be D. If the captain would have been
3. If he me tomorrow, I would let him know.
A. should call B. should not have been able
C. were not able D. are not able
4. If you asked your father， you permission .
A. may get B. might get C. should have called D. maybe get
5. today, he would get there by Friday.
A. Would he leave B. Was he leaving C. Were he to leave D. If he leaves
6. ______I you, I would go with him to the party.
A. Was B. Had been C. Will be D. Were
7.The millions of calculations involved, had they been done by hand, ______all practical value by the time they were finished.
A. could lose B. would have lost C. might lose D. ought to have lost
8. Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he our chairman now.
A. must have been B. would have been C. were D. would be
9. If you Jerry Brown until recently, you’d think the photograph on the right was strange.
A. shouldn’t contact B. didn’t contact C. weren’t to contact D. hadn’t contacted
10. he English examination, I would have gone to the concert last Sunday
A. In spite of B. But for C. Because of D. As for
11. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I your advice
A. follow B. would follow C. had followed D. have followed
12. Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he our chairman now.
A. must have been B. would have been C. were D. hadn’t contacted
13. If the horse won today, it thirty races in five years.
A. would have won B. won C. must have won D. did have won
14. There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, _______a sudden loud noise.
A. being there B. should there be C. there was D. there having been
15. How I wish that I ______ with you last night!
A. went B. have gone C. could go D. could have gone
16. I wish you to have a pleasant trip to Beijing this month, _________?
A. can I B. may I C. don’t I D. do I
17. I would have gone to visit him in the hospital had it been at all possible, but I ______
fully occupied the whole of last week.
A. were B. had been C. have been D. was
18. I apologize if I you, but I assure you it was unintentional.
A. offend B. had offended C. should have offended D. might have offended
19. If you hadn’t taken such a long time to get dressed, we’d there by now.
A. be B. circles C. is circling D. be circling
20. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west, so it seems as if the sun _______round the earth.
A. were circling B. circles C. is circling D. be circling
21. I wish that I ______ with you last night.
A. went B. have gone C. could go D. could have gone
22. I wish I with her.
A. would be B. am C. was D. were
23. I wish that I the concert last night.
A. could B. have attended C. could have attended D. attended
24. The picture exhibition bored me to death. I wish I to it.
A. had not gone B. have not gone C. did not go D. can not have gone
25. “I wish you me to put these things away,” he said.
A. will help B. help C. are helping D. would help
26. If the Watergate Incident Nixon would not have resigned from the presidency.
A. did not occur B. had not occurred C. was not occurring D. be circling
27. I hadn’t expected ___________James to apologize but I had hoped .
A. him calling me B. that he would call me C. him to call me D. that he call me
28. George would certainly have attended the proceedings .
A. if he didn’t get a flat tire B. if the flat tire hadn’t happened
C. had he not had a flat tire D. had the tire not flattened itself
29. The teacher suggested that her students experiences with ESP.
A. write a composition on their B. to write composition about the
C. wrote some compositions of his or her D. had written any compositions for his
30. He speaks Chinese as fluently as if he ______a Chinese.
A. were B. had been C. is D. has been
31. As usual, he put on a show as though his trip a great success.
A. had been B. has been C. were D. was
32. Looking round the town, he felt as though he away for ages.
A. has been B. was C. is D. had been
33. John is so strongly built that he looks as if he as elephant.
A. lifts B. is lifting C. lifted D. could lift
34. He described the town as if he it himself.
A. had seen B. has seen C. saw D. sees
35. At that thought he shook himself, as though he from an evil dream.
A. woke B. wakes C. would wake D. had woke
答案与详解
1．A．条件句表示与现在事实相反的虚拟。
2．B．条件句表示与过去事实的虚拟。
3．A．条件句表示与未来事实的虚拟。
4．B．条件句表示与未来事实的相反。
5．C．条件句表示与现在事实的虚拟。
6．D．条件句表示与现在事实的虚拟。
7．B．这个句子中含有一个省略if，把助动词提前到主语they之前的虚拟条件句，该条件句表示对过去情况的假设，而主句中by the time they were finished 表明主句也应该是对过去发生的情况的假设，因而应该选（B）would have lost为正确答案。
8．（D）这道题目是一个混合虚拟语气的句子。条件句省略了if，把助词had提前到主语前面，表示对过去情况的假设，而主句中now表明了对现在情况的假设，所以应选would(should, could, might)+动词原形这种表达形式。四个选项中只有（D）是正确表达形式，故为正确答案。
9．（D）until recently，因此（D）是正确答案，而主句是隐含的对现在情况的假设，该句是一个混合虚拟条件句。
10．（B）假设的情况有时不是用一个条件句表示，而是隐含在一个由介词如but for、but that、without, 由连词but、副词otherwise 、比较级、形容词、独立主格等表示的上下文中。本句主句表示对过去情况的假设，但事实上由于英语考试而没有去成，即若不是因为英语考试，我本可以去听音乐会，所以应选But for为正确答案。
11．（C）题目中的第一句话表示的是现在真实的情况，而第二句话中所要表达的是应该做但事实上没有做的事，这种情况导致第一句话中真实情况的发生，故If only条件句假设的是过去一种情况，因此应该用had +过去分词，所以正确答案是（C）。
12．D．注意主句now表示现在的时间状语，所以主句是对现在虚拟，从句是对过去虚拟13．A．从句对过去的虚拟。 14．B．从句表示虚拟，而主句是事实。 15.D.对过去的虚拟。
16．。
17．（D）本道题目的前半句话是对过去情况的一种假设，但事实上并没有发生，而事实上没有发生的真实原因是句子的后半部分由but引导的转折句所表述的真实。因而but所引导的句子中应该用表示志过去事实相符合的表陈述的时态，即一般过去时。
18．（B）此题要求在if从句中选择适当的动词形式，以主句中的动词apologize(抱歉)来看，if从句中表达的内容应该是过去做的事，因此可以排除（A），因为（A）是现在时。（C）中should+have+过去分词结构表示本来应该做却没有做的事，在此不合题意。（D）选项中的might+have+过去分词表示对过去发生的事情很不肯定的猜测，它表达的内容还不能成为事实，所以藉此道歉真是不知从何说起，因此此处也不合题意。（B）had offended表示当时已经发生了的动作。这是复杂条件句：apologize 是现在，而条件句是表示对过去假设的条件句。
19．（A）该句也是一个复杂条件句（或称作混合虚拟条件句）。条件句表示对过去情况的假设，而主句表示对现在情况的假设，但事实上却与此相反，所以正确答案应该是（A）。
20．（A）as if引导的从句要求用虚拟语气，表示同时或将来的情况，动词要用过去式（be动词用were）或would(could等)+动词原形，本句话中指的是当时的情况，所以要用过去式，故（A）是正确答案。
21．D． 22．D． 23．C． 24．A． 25．D．
26．（B）had not occurred表示对过去的虚拟，条件句中要用过去完成式，主句中要用should(would, could, might)+动词原形的过去分词。
27．（B）had hoped是常见的要求其后的宾语从句用虚拟语气的句型,虚拟语气would+动词原形。
28．（C）表示对过去情况的假设，主句动词形式为would(should, could, might)+have+过去分词，条件句为过去完成式，if可以省略，但要把had提前主语前面。（B），（D）的表达不符合英语表达习惯，所以（C）是正确答案。
29．（A）suggest后面的从句要用虚拟语气形式，其形式为should（可以省略）+动词原形。
30．A．表示与现在相反的虚拟。
31．A．as though引导的与过去相反的虚拟。
32．D．felt是过去式，所以该句是由as though引导的与过去相反的虚拟。
33．D．as if引导的与现在事实相反的虚拟。
34．A．as if引导的与过去相反的虚拟。
35．C．
责任编辑：李芳芳
篇11：虚拟语气练习题 -11-19 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
虚拟语气练习题 2017-11-19
一、单项选择
1. Li Ming, if I _____ you, I ____ their offer.
A. were; accept B. am; will accept
C. would be; would accept D. were; would accept
2. If I ____, would you help me?
A. ask B. will ask C. were to ask D. would ask
3. What should we do if it _____ tomorrow?
A. should snow B. would snow C. snow D. will snow
4. The author ________ his work if he had not died.
A. would finish B. may have finished
C. should finish D. might have finished
5. If you were careful, everything ______ all right.
A. is B. were C. will be D. should be
6. The teacher demanded that the exam _____ before eleven.
A. must finish B. would be finished C. be finished D. must be finished
7. She made the demand that the journalists _____ at once ______ Iraq.
A. leave; for B. leave; to C. left; to D. to be left; for
8. He is talking so much about America as if he _____ there.
A. had been B. has been C. was D. has gone
9. The young man insisted that he _____ nothing wrong and _____ free.
A. did; set B. had done; should be set
C. should do; be set D. had done; must be set
10. I suggested there ____ be a kind of language all could understand and use ____ .
A. can; it B. /; / C. would; it D. may; /
11. The suggestion has been made _____ the basketball game _____ put off.
A. for; to B. that; be C. which; should be D. to; being
12. The order came that the medical supplies _____ to Beijing for the SARS soon.
A. would be sent B. should send C. be sent D. must be sent
13. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _____ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.
A. wouldn’t have fallen B. had not fallen C. should fall D. were to fall
14. Had you listened to the doctor, you _____ all right now.
A. are B. were C. would be D. would have been
15. If only I _____ my watch!
A. hadn’t lost B. haven’t lost C. didn’t lost D. don’t lose
16. _____ today, he would get there by Friday.
A. Would he leave B. Was he leaving
C. Were he to leave D. If he leave
17. Should it rain, the crops _____ .
A. would be saved B. would have been saved
C. will be saved D. had been saved
18. If you had had everything ready yesterday, you ________ in such a hurry now.
A. wouldn’t have been B. wouldn’t be C. hadn’t been D. haven’t been
19. He treated me as though/as if _____ his own son.
A. I am B. I would be C. I was D. I were
20. If he liked classic music, I ________ him to the concert last night.
A. might take B. might have taken C. had taken D. would take
21. But for the Party, he ______ of hunger thirty years ago.
A. would have died B. would die C. must have died D. must die
22. We _____ the work on time without your help.
A. hadn’t had finished B. couldn’t have finished
C. didn’t have finished D. can’t have finished
23. I’m glad I went over all my notes; otherwise _____ .
A. I may have failed B. I’d fail C. I’d have failed D. I’ll have failed
24. --- “What will you do during the summer holiday?”
--- “I don’t know, but it’s high time _____ something.”
A. I’m deciding B. I’ll decide C. I decided D. I decide
25. If you had listened to the doctor, you ______ all right now.
A. are B. were C. would be D. would have been
二、用所给动词的正确形式填空，注意使用合适的情态动词助动词
1. If I _____(see) him yesterday I _____(ask) him about it.
2. What do you think would happen if there _____ (be) no light during the days?
3. But for your help, I couldn’t _____(find) the place.
4. If her lawyer _____ (be) here last Sunday, he _____ (prevent) her from going.
5. If Miss Green _____ (come) late tomorrow, who would take her place?
6. It seems as if it ____ (be) already summer now.
7. I wish I _____ (see) him the day before yesterday.
8. I made the suggestion that they _____ (stick) to the plan they had made.
9. It is suggested that a study plan _____ (make) right now.
10.I wish I ________ (know) the answer, it is too difficult for me.
11.I’d rather Tom _____ (come) tomorrow.
12.It is about time you ____ (take) the medicine, sir.
13.If there _____ (be) no electricity in the future, our life _____ (change) a lot.
14. What would have happened if you (not help) her child?
15. I wish I (go) to a key university in two years.
三、完成句子(每空一词):
1.真想不到我们俩会在这里见面.
It's strange that we here.
2.如果没有参加玛丽的生日聚会的话,我们彼此就不会认识了.
If we _______ ________ ________ ________ Mary's birthday party, we _________ _________ _______each other.
3. -这么近的路,我们应该步行到车站来。 - 是啊,根本没必要乘出租车。
-Weto the station, it was so near.
-Yes. A taxi wasn't at all necessary.
4.万一明天下雨的话,我们将不得不推迟比赛。
________ it rain tomorrow, we to put off the match.
5. 假如他来不了, 我们怎么办呢？
If he _______ _______ _______ _______, what ________ we say to him.
四、句型转换:
1.Without sunlight, there would be neither plants nor animals.
= sunlight, there would be neither plants nor animals.
2.She insisted on translating the sentence this way.
=She insisted that the sentence this way .
3.The students suggested going there on foot.
=The students suggested there on foot.
4.She suggested that we should go to his help.
= is that we to his help.
5.Lucy didn't come to class today because she didn't feel well.
= she well, she to class today.
6.I don't know French, so I can't talk to the French friends.
=If I French, I could talk to the French friends.
7.He didn't take his parents' advice and he is not a college student now.
=If he his parents' advice, he a college student now.
8.The professor helped me a lot and I finished the work.
=I couldn't the workthe professor's help.
五 用虚拟语气翻译下列句子
1．要是我年轻的时候有你们这样的机会就好了。
___________________________________________________________________
2． 现在是我们结束讲座的时候了。
_____________________________________________________________________
3 如果我是你，我就改变注意。
_____________________________________________________________________
4我们将讨论他的取消期中考试的建议。
_____________________________________________________________________
5 妈妈坚持让我们九点睡觉。
_____________________________________________________________________
6 我考试没有及格，我多么希望我通过了考试。
_____________________________________________________________________
7. 要是没有他的帮忙，我们就不会以这么低的价格买到房子了。
_____________________________________________________________________
8 如果地震发生在夜晚，将会有更多的人丧生。
六、语法填空：
There was once a boy who had a temper. His father gave him a bag of nails and told him that every time he lost his temper, he must hammer a nail into the back of the fence.
The first day the boy 1 (drive)37 nails into the fence. Over the next few weeks as he learned to control his anger, the number of nails hammered 2 (gradual) decreased. He discovered 3 was easier to hold his temper than to drive nails into the fence.
Finally the day came 4 he didn’t lose his temper. He told his father and his father suggested that the boy now 5 (pull)out one nail for each day so that he was able to hold his anger. The days passed and the boy told his father that all the nails 6 (go).
The father took the boy 7 the hand and led him to the fence. He said, “Look at the holes in the fence. The fence will never be the same. When you say things in anger，they leave a scar(疤痕)just like the 8 on the fence. It won’t matter how many times you say I am sorry, and 9 wound is still there. A verbal wound is as bad as a physical one. Friends are very rare. They make you smile and encourage you 10 (success).They lend an ear, and always want to open their hearts to us.”
参考答案
一、单项选择
1-5. DCADD 6-10. CAABB 11-15. BCBCA
16-20. CABDB 21-25.ABCCC
二、用所给动词的正确形式填空
1. had seen; would have asked 2. were 3.have found
4.had been; would have prevented 5. should come/came/were to come
6. were 7. had seen 8. (should) stick 9.(should) be made 10. knew
11. came 12. should take / took 13. should be; would change
14. hadn’t helped 15. could go
三、完成句子(每空一词):
1. meet 2. hadn’t taken part in; would’t have known 3. should have walked
4. Should; would have 5. were not to come; should
四、句型转换
1. If there were no 2. should be translated
3. they go 4. Her suggestion; go 5. Had; felt; could have come
6. knew 7. had taken; would be 8. have finished; without
五、用虚拟语气翻译下列句子
1. I wish I had had your opportunities when I was young.
2 It is high time that we put an end to the lecture.
3 If I were you, I would change my mind.
4. We are going to discuss his suggestion that the mid-term exams (should) be canceled.
5 Mother insisted that we should go to bed at nine.
6 I didn’t pass the exam. How I wish I had passed it.
7 But for his help, we could not have bought a house at such a low price.
8 If the earthquake had happened at night, there would have been more deaths.
六、语法填空：
1. drove 2. gradually 3. it 4. when 5. （should） pull 6. were gone 7. by 8. ones 9. the 10. to succeed
责任编辑：李芳芳
篇12：虚拟语气配套练习(人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
虚拟语气配套练习
1. The boy acted ____ he had never lived in Canada before.
A. as though B. even if C. as D. since
2. ____ to the doctor right away, he might have been alive.
A. If he went B. Were he gone C. Should he have gone D. Had he gone
3. If you were older, I ____ you to go there yesterday.
A. will allow B. should allow C. would have allowed D. had allowed
4. The secretary suggested that they ____ the men in at once.
A. had brought B. should have brought C. brought D. bring
5. I wish I ____ able to tell him all about it last night.
A. was B. were C. had been D. should be
6. If we ____ here ten minutes earlier, we ___ the bus.
A. arrived/would catch B. arrived/would have caught
C. had arrived/had caught D. had arrived/would have caught
7. If I ____ more time, I would have gone with him.
A. had B. had had C. have had D. would have
8. He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he ____ to the meeting.
A. would come B. came C. would have come D. had come
9. The Jade Emperor ordered that the Monkey King _____ right away.
A. would be arrested B. must be arrested C. be arrested D. had to be arrested
10. Jane's uncle insisted ____ in this hotel any longer.
A. not staying B. not to stay C. that he not stay D. staying not
11. Don't touch the sleeping tiger. If he woke up, he _____ you.
A. would come to B. would come at C. would have come toward D. will come to
12. Without electricity human life _____ quite different today.
A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be
13. How I wish I ____ to reapair the watch! I only made it worse.
A. had tried B. hadn't tried C. have tried D. didn't try
14. He demanded that the laboratory report ___ immediately after the experiment was done.
A. was written B. be written C. must be written D. would be written
15. The man insisted that he _____ there.
A. should send B. would be sent C. sent D. be sent
16. If he had not gone out in the storm _____.
A.he will be alive now B. he would be alive now C. he would have been alive now
17. If it ___ tomorrow, what would we do?
A. rains B. were to rain C. would rain D. rain
18. It is required that you ____ at six.
A. will arrive B. arrive C. arrived D. would arrive
19. If only I _____ how to operate an electronic computer as you do.
A. had known B. would know C. should know D. knew
20. He spoke in a quiet, distinct voice, as though his thought _____.
A. was far away B. had been far away C. were far away D. went far away.
21. If it ___ rain, we ___ get wet.
A. is to, should B. were to, would C. were going to, would D. was going to, should
22. If he ___ to the teacher attentively, he ___ the answer to the problem now.
A. had listened, would have known B. listened, would know C. listened, would have known
D. had listened, would know
23. But for the party, he ___ of hunger 30 years ago.
A. would have died B. would die C. must have died D. must die
24. ___ today, he would got there for holiday.
A. Was he leaving B. Were he to leave C. Would he leave D. If he leaves
25. I would have come earlier, but I ___ that you were waiting for me.
A. didn’t know B. hadn’t know C. would have known D. haven’t known
26. It’s high time that we ___ to school.
A. would to B. went C. go D. will go
27. It seems as if it ___ rain.
A. will B. is going to C. is to D. were going to
28. I’d rather you ___ right away.
A. leave B. left C. will leave D. to leave
29. He is working hard for fear that he ___.
A. fails B. failed C. would fail D. fail
30. It is really strange that the girl ___ so early.
A. has been married B. has married C. be married D. would marry
31. Supposing I ___ this gift, what would he say?
A. accept B. accepted C. should accept D. would accept
32. The teacher agreed to the suggestion that the students ___ two weeks to prepare for the exam.
A. give B. should give C. be given D. would be given
33. I was busy yesterday, otherwise I ___ your birthday party.
A. attended B. had attended C. would attend D. would have attended
34. He insisted that he ___ me before.
A. see B. should see C. had seen D. saw
35. The two strangers talked as if they ___ friends for years.
A. were B. would be C. have been D. had been
36. We ___ our lives had it not been for the policeman.
A. would have lost B. should lose C. might lose D. could have lost
37. ---- I thought you would come back tomorrow.
---- I would if I ___ to attend a meeting.
A. don’t have B. didn’t have C. will not have D. would not have
38. He wishes ___ mistakes.
A. he doesn’t always make B. he isn’t always making C. he didn’t always make
D. he wouldn’t always making
39. It ___ very nice if only it were possible.
A. will be B. would be C. is D. were
40. Without your help, our team ___ the last match.
A. won’t win B. will lose C. wouldn’t have won D. can’t win
41. I wish ___ I what to do.
A. knew B. have known C. know D. would know
42. ___, I would take an umbrella with me.
A. Had I been you B. I were you C. Were I you D. I had been you
43. If I had hurried, I ___ the train.
A. would catch B. could catch C. would have caught D. had caught
44. He insisted that John ___ it.
A. do B. does C. did D. would do
45. It is high time we ___ off.
A. are B. were C. be D. will be
46. He felt as if he ___ more time to study for the test.
A. needs B. were needed C. needed D. need
47. It is important that I ___ with Mr. Willians immediately.
A. speak B. spoke C. will speak D. to speak
48. James wishes he ___ the football game instead of the film.
A. saw B. see C. had been seen D. had seen
49. I wish ___.
A. he left B. he leaves me alone C. he be left D. he would leave me alone
50. If I had known that, I ___ so.
A. wouldn’t do B. wouldn’t have done C. won’t do D. have not done
51. The doctor suggested that she ___.
A. will not smoke B. not smoke C. would not smoke D. did not smoke
52. If I ___ you, I wouldn’t return the call.
A. be B. am C. was D. were
53. You talk as if you ___ there.
A. were really B. has really been C. had really been D. would really be
54. He suggested that the work ___ at once.
A. would started B. would be started C. should started D. should be started
55. It is strange that such a thing ___ in your school.
A. will happen B. happen C. should happen D. happened
56. It is imperative that you ___ on time.
A. are B. will be C. be D. would be
57. I didn’t go to the party, but I do wish I ___ there.
A. was B. were C. had been D. went
58. It is time we ___ up our results.
A. sum B. summed C. will sum D. would sum
59. If the doctor had been available, the child ___.
A. would not die B. would not have died C. could not die D. could not have died
60. Dr. Bethune worked hard as if he ___.
A. never had felt tired B. had never felt tired C. never felt tired D. was tired never
61. I enjoyed the movie very much. I wish I ___ the book from which it was made.
A. have read B. had read C. should have read D. am reading
62. You are late. If you ___ a few minutes earlier, you ___ him.
A. came/ would meet B. had come/ would have met C. come/ will meet
D. had come/ would met
63. I wish my husband ___ as well as yours.
A. had dressed B. dress C. will dress D. dressed
64. Edison kept phosphorus carefully in a bottle lest it ___.
A. would burn B. burned C. was burning D. should burn
65. He looked as if he ___ ill for a long time.
A. was B. were C. has been D. had been
66. If the doctor had come earlier, the poor child ___.
A. would not have been lied there for two hours
B. would not have laid there for two hours
C. would not have lied there for two hours
D. would not have lain there for two hours
67. I wish that I ___ with you last night.
A. went B. could go C. have gone D. could have gone
68. Let’s say you could go there again, how ___ feel?
A. will you B. should you C. would you D. do you
69. Mr. Brown left for London long ago. That’s pity. I wish ___.
A. I meet him. B. I’ll have met him C. I’d had met him D. I’d meet him
70. I can’t stand him. He always talks as though he ___ everything.
A. knew B. knows C. has known D. had known
71. I wish I ___.
A. will tell him that B. didn’t tell him that
C. told him not that D. had not told him that
72. If you had told me in advance, I ___ him at the airport.
A. would meet B. would had meet C. would have met D. would have meet
73. Kunar can take his car apart and put it back together again. I certainly wish he ___ me how.
A. teaches B. will teach C. has taught D. would teach
74. I would have told him the answer had it been possible but I ___ so busy then.
A. had been B. were C. was D. would be
75. I wish I ___ able to tell him all about it last night.
A. should be B. were C. had been D. was
76. If it ___ another ten minutes, the game would have been called off.
A. had rained B. would had rained C. have seen D. did see
77. He suggested that they ___ use a trick instead of fighting.
A. should B. would C. do D. had
78. My father did not go to New York; the doctor suggested that he ___ there.
A. not went B. won’t go C. not go D. not to go
79. I would have gone to the meeting if I ___ time.
A. had had B. have had C. had D. would have had
80. John wished ___.
A. he will study more B. he had studied more C. he studies
D. he won’t have studied more
81. You look so tired tonight. It is time you ___.
A. go to sleep B. went to sleep C. go to bed D. went to bed
82. “Why didn’t you buy a new car?” “I would have bought one if I ___ enough money. ”
A. had B. have had C. would have D. had had
83. I recommended that the student ___ his composition as soon as possible.
A. finishing writing B. should finish the writing C. finish writing D. finished writing
84. If she could sew, ___.
A. she make a dress B. she would have made a shirt C. she will make a shirt
D. she would had made a coat
85. ___ today, he would get there by Friday.
A. Would he leave B. Was he leaving C. Were he to leave D. If he leaves
86. His doctor suggested that he ___ a short trip abroad.
A. will take B. would take C. take D. took
87. The Bakers arrived last night, if they’d only let us know earlier, ___ at the station.
A. we’d meet them B. we’ll meet them C. we’d have met them D. we’ve met them
88. If I __ you, I ___ more attention to English idioms and phrases.
A. was/ shall pay B. am/ will pay C. would be/ would pay D. were/ would pay
89. We might have failed if you ___ us a helping hand.
A. have not given B. would not give C. had not given D. did not give
90. The Law requires that everyone ___ his car checked at least once a year.
A. has B. had C. have D. will have
91. I wish ___ I busy yesterday; I could have helped you with the problem.
A. hadn’t been B. weren’t C. wasn’t D. have not been
92. Had I known her name, ___.
A. or does she know mine? B. and where does she live?
C. she would be beautiful D. I would have invited her to lunch
93. He has just arrived, but he talks as if he ___ all about that.
A. know B. knows C. known D. knew
94. If I ___ the money, I would have bought a much bigger car.
A. possessed B. owned C. had D. had had
95. I wish I ___ a young man again.
A. am B. was C. were D. will be
96. The librarian insists that John ___ no more books from the library before he returns all the books he had borrowed.
A. will take B. took C. take D. takes
97. I left very early last night, but I wish I ___ so early.
A. didn’t B. hadn’t left C. haven’t left D. couldn’t leave
98. I do not have a job. I would find one but I ___ no time.
A. had B. didn’t have C. had had D. have
99. I wish that you ___ such a bad headache because I’m sure that you would have enjoyed the concert.
A. hadn’t B. didn’t have had C. hadn’t had D. hadn’t have
100. He insisted that we all ___ in his office at one o’clock.
A. be B. to be C. would be D. shall be
101. Helen couldn’t got to France after all. That’s too bad, I’m sure she would have enjoyed it if ___.
A. she’s gone B. she’ll go C. she’d gone D. she’d go
102. I must go there earlier. John has suggested that I ___ an hour before the discussion begins.
A. go B. shall go C. will go D. would go
103. If her husband had not liked the dress ___.
A. she would be delighted B. he would get mad
C. she would have returned it D she must have taken it back to the store
104. If I ___ you, I ___ worry.
A. were/ wouldn’t B. was/ wouldn’t C. been/ would have D. be/ would
105. We ___ delighted if the report ___ true.
A. were/ were B. shall be/ were C. should be/ were D. were/ would be
106. If he ___ here, he ___ you.
A. had been/ would have helped C. would have been/ should have helped
B. were/ had helped D. would have been/ would had helped
107. If I ___ so busy, I ___ the lecture that day.
A. were not be/ should attend B. should not/ should have attend
C. was not/ would attend D. had not been/ would have attended
108. If I ___ the way to New York, I ___.
A. knew / would drive B. knew/ will drive
C. knew/ would have drive D. had known/ would drive
109. But for the leadership of our Party, we ___.
A. shouldn’t succeed B. could not have succeed
C. will not succeed D. should not have succeeded
110. You ___ the train if you ___ a little earlier.
A. could take/ started B. could have taken/ had started
C. could take/ had started D. could have taken / started
1.A 2. D 3. C 4. D 5. C 6. D 7. B 8. C 9. C 10. C 11. B 12. D 13. B 14. B 15. D 16. C 17. B 18. B 19. D 20. B.21.B 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. A 26. B 27. B 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. C 33. D 34. C 35. D 36. A 37. B 38. C 39. B 40. C 41. A 42. C 43.C 44. A 45. B 46.C 47. A 48 D 49. D 50. B 51. B 52. D 53. C 54. D 55. C 56. C 57. C 58. B 59. B 60. B 61. B 62. B 63. D 64. D 65. D 66. D 67. D 68. C 69. C 70. A 71. D 72. C 73. D 74. C 75. C 76. A 77. A 78. C 79. A 80. B 81. D 82. D 83. C 84. B 85. C 86. C 87. C 88. D 89. C 90. C 91. A 92. D 93. D 94. D 95. C 96. C 97. B 98. D 99. C 100. A 101. C 102. A 103. C 104. A 105. C 106. A 107. D 108. A 109. D 110. B
责任编辑：李芳芳
篇13：语法系列讲座25 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
语法系列讲座25
What is gone is gone. 过去的事就过去了。
(2) 引导表语从句。如： That’s what I hope. 那就是我希望的。 I should like to be a teacher. That’s what I want to be. 我想当老师，那是我想干的事。 Times are not what they used to be. 时代不同了。 He’s not what he was a few years ago. 他不是几年前的他了。 Your health is not what it ought to be. 你的身体应该更好。
(3) 引导宾语从句，包括介词宾语。如： He could not express what he felt. 他不能表达他的感受。 Well, I’ll do what I can. 好吧，我尽力。 I can’t do what you’ve just asked of me. 我不能做你刚才要求我的事。 And having got what he wanted, he took his hat and went away. 得到了他要的东西，他拿上帽子就走了。 As a friend of yours, I want to tell you what I hear. 作为你的朋友，我想告诉你我所听到的。
The father began to criticize what the boy had done. 父亲开始批评男孩所做的事。（注意时态） She was not happy at what he had said. 她对他说的话不高兴。 Don’t poke your nose into what doesn’t concern you. 不要多管闲事。 The city is different from what it was ten years ago. 这座城市和十年前不同了。 It was a small place then compared to what it is now. 和现在比起来，它那时候是个小地方。
The father began to criticize what the boy had done. 父亲开始批评男孩所做的事。（注意时态） She was not happy at what he had said. 她对他说的话不高兴。 Don’t poke your nose into what doesn’t concern you. 不要多管闲事。
The city is different from what it was ten years ago. 这座城市和十年前不同了。
It was a small place then compared to what it is now. 和现在比起来，它那时候是个小地方。 I don’t care about money or what people call position. 我不在乎金钱或者别人所谓的地位。 Philip was depressed by what he had gone through. Philip经历过的事情使他很消沉。 They paid fifty percent of what they were able to earn to the state. 他们能挣来的东西，百分之五十交给了国家。
2．用作插入语，指代后面的成分。这和非限定性定语从句正好相反，非限定性定语从句指代的是前面的成分。如： Then I discovered, what was news to me, that his wife was Mary’s niece. 后来我发现，他妻子原来是Mary的侄女，这对我是个新闻。 He never joined in the usual sports of the boys, and, what is remarkable, never went out in a boat on the river. 他从来不参加男孩子通常做的体育活动，更奇怪的是，他从来不坐船出去到河上面去。 He’s an interesting speaker, and, what is more important, he knows his subject thoroughly. 他讲话生动有趣，更重要的是，他对课题了如指掌。
He went to the meeting and, what was worse, insisted on speaking. 他去参加了会议，而且更糟糕的是，他坚持要发言。 It is a useful book, and, what is more, not an expensive one. 这是本很有用的书，再说也不贵。 You’ll have nobody but yourself to blame, and, what’s more, you’ll get no sympathy from anybody. 你怪不着别人，只能怪你自己；还有，你得不到任何人的同情。 We invited a new speaker and, what’s more, he was happy to come. 我们请到了一位新的发言人，而且他很乐意来。
3．引导让步状语从句，等于“不管什么…”。注意状语从句的语序。如： Do what she would, she could not invent a reason for not going. 不管她会做什么，她都编不出不去的理由。状语从句把实义动词放在句首，句子倒装。＝No matter what she would do, … Come what may, you’ll always keep it secret. 无论怎样，你都要保守秘密。＝No matter what may come, …. Jack has made up his mind that, come what might, he would stay there. Jack已经拿定主意，无论如何他也要呆在那里。＝…no matter what might come, … Say what he will, in his heart he knows that he is wrong. 不管他怎么说，内心里他知道自己错了。= No matter what he will say, …
练习
关于名词性从句我们就讲到这里。Now let’s do some exercises related to this part： 一、选择最佳答案填空 1．______ he always serves the people very well is known. A. What B. That C. Which D. Who 2．______ you have done might do harm to other people. A. What B. That C. Whether D. Which
3．I don’t care ____ she has no money. I care____ she is honest or not. A. if…if B. whether…whether C. if…whether D. whether…if 4. They found at last ____ they had been looking for. A. that B. what C. where D. which
5. He will be here on time. But I’m not sure _____ he drives or takes the train. A. whether B. if C. when D. how 6. The reason why he was late is ___ he got up too late. A. that B. because C. as D. for
7. I want to know ____ the leather coat belongs to. A. who B. which C. that D. whom 8. Can you tell me ___ the hospital is? A. where B. who C. that D. whether
9. We all know ____ she will be our English teacher. A. which B. what C. that D. who 10. I wish _____ he would pass the examination. A. how B. whether C. when D. that
二、把两个单句合成主从复合句
model: Does he live there? Could you tell me? →Could you tell me whether (if) he lives there?
1. Can Mike write a little Chinese now? I want to know. →I want to know whether/if Mike can write a little Chinese now. 2. Did Jenny try to explain why she was late? Can you tell us? →Can you tell us if/whether Jenny tried to explain why she was late?
3. Did the monkey want to eat bananas? Do you know? →Do you know if/whether the monkey wanted to eat bananas? 4. Do you like sports? I ask you. →I ask you if/whether you like sports.
5. Does she play basketball? Do you know? →Do you know if/whether she plays basketball? 6. Has the whole street been cleaned? I don’t know. →I don’t know if/whether the whole street has been cleaned.
7. Were there a lot of people in the street? Can you tell me? →Can you tell me if/whether there were a lot of people in the street? 8. Are they preparing for the sports meet? Do you know? →Do you know if/whether they are preparing for the sports meet?
9. Had John told Mr. Smith about his past? Could you tell me? →Could you tell me if/whether John had told Mr. Smith about his past. 10. Has anybody ever been into some of the pyramids? Please tell me. →Please tell me if/whether anybody has ever been into some of the pyramids.
强调
Hello, everyone. 英语的强调主要有两种：一是强调非谓语（包括主语、宾语、状语等）；二是强调谓语动词。
一、强调非谓语
其基本句型是：“It + is/was + 被强调的成分 ＋ that/who + 其她成分”。It 没有实意，只起语法作用，引导被强调的部分。当被强调的是人时，可用who(m)/that, 其他情况用that。 例如： It was I who/that met Jack yesterday. 是我昨天碰到了Jack. （强调主语） It was Jack that/whom I met yesterday. 我昨天碰到的是Jack。 （强调宾语） It was yesterday that I met Jack. 是昨天我碰到了Jack. （强调时间状语） 这几句话复原为非强调句就是：I met Jack yesterday. It is people, not things, that are decisive. 决定的因素是人，不是物。 （强调主语） It is because the book is very important for my present job that I bought it. 是因为这本书对我目前的工作很有用，我才买了它。 （强调原因状语） It was in the supermarket that I gave the book to him. 是在那家超市里我给了他那本书。（强调地点状语）
1．强调主语： It was John who broke the window. 是John打破了窗子。 原句：John broke the window. It is this overpass that will be pulled down. 将被拆掉的是这个天桥。 原句：This overpass will be pulled down. It is the people who/that are really powerful. 真正有力量的是人民。 原句：The people are really powerful.
2．强调状语：
（1）强调时间状语。 例如： It was at that moment that he changed his mind. 是在那一刻他改变了主意。 It is every day that Professor Smith goes swimming. 史密斯教授是天天去游泳。 It was not until Saturday that he began to prepare for the examination. 他直到星期六才开始为考试作准备。 注意：这句话的原句是He did not begin to prepare for the examination until Saturday. 变成强调时间状语，注意 “not” 位置的变化。
（2）强调地点状语。 例如：
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【语法和词汇考点详解----虚拟语气 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)】相关文章：
3.语法-----名词性从句 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
4.高三英语复习与训练十六一--虚拟语气 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
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