研究生考试 政治思想理论真题及解析
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篇1：研究生考试 政治思想理论真题及解析
这位研究生说他没有想当名人的“野心”。只期望能从生活中的小处入手，用自己的设计改变生活，让生活更加美好。正如“红点”主席Peter Zec博士在颁奖晚会上说的那样：从同学们优秀的设计中，他高兴地看到的是他们所描绘的未来更加美好的世界。摘编自《扬子晚报》(3月17日)
这位研究生说她没有想当名人的“野心”，只期望能从生活中的小处入手，用自己的设计改变生活，让生活更加美好。正如“红点”主席Peter Zer博士在闭幕晚会上说的那样：从同学们优秀的设计中，他高兴地看到的是他们所描绘的未来更好美好的世界。摘编自 《扬子晚报》(203月17日)
问：
(1) 分析“用孩子的眼睛看世界”和“设计前把自己想象成老人”两事例所体现的认识主体的能动作用。(6分)
考点：认识主体的能动作用。
(2)“用自己的设计改变生活，让生活更加美好”对我们从事实践活动有何意义?(4分)
考点：实践与认识的辩证关系。
解读：
具体针对这两段材料问了这样两个问题，第一个问题“分析用孩子的眼睛看世界”和“设计前把自己想象成老人”这两件事情所体现的认识主体的能动作用，这是第一个问题。那么第二个问题就是“用自己的设计改变生活，让生活更加美好”，这是材料二的一段话，对我们从事认识活动有何意义?我们首先来看第一个问题，第一个问题就问题本身题眼在这样几个字上，就是体现认识主体的能动性，显而易见这道题主要考到的考点是认识的能动作用。
那么在我们的教材当中，哪一个原理涉及到认识的能动作用呢?主要是认识的本质这个原理，那么在教材里边呢，我们讲得很清楚，认识的本质是主体在实践基础上，对客体的能动反映，那么这种能动性具体体现在什么方面呢?在辅导教材当中，包括我们所使用的海天点评班28题中我们讲得非常明确，它主要体现在两个方面，第一个方面具有摹写性，人可以通过认识比较客观的反映客观事物的本来面目。那么在括号1这个问题当中，前半句话用孩子的眼睛来看世界，这个意思主要表达的就是人在能动的过程当中，首先是可以尽可能的用比较客观的视角来看待客观事物本来面目，反映客观事物的原貌，那么认识能动作用还有一个重要的特点，就是它具有创造性。
所谓创造性，就是人的认识活动还可以通过主体认识能力，对客观事物信息的加工，重组，重叠，重构等过程。不仅能够反映出客观事物的现象，而且还可以反映出客观事物的本质和规律，那么不仅能够反映出客观事物的现在状态，而且还可以推测客观事物的未来，追溯客观事物的过去，这是它的创造性的主要体现。
那么在括号1这个问题当中所讲到设计前，把自己想象成老人，一般来说把自己想象成老人说明它具有了比较丰富的实践经验，它的大脑中具备了很多的知识，这样的话它的这种创造性在反映客观事物过程当中就能够表现得比较明显。所以说第一问它的这两个引号里面的话，前者用孩子的眼睛反映世界主要说明的是人的认识活动在能动性的第一个表现具有摹写性，那么第二个引号里的话，设计前把自己想象成老人，那么它主要体现的是认识能动性的第二个主要表现，就是创造性，如果广大考生能够从主体对客体的能动反映这两个特点的角度来回答括号1这个问题，应该说就能够拿到它的基本分数。
当然括号1的这个问题还具有一定的灵活性，除了这个考点之外，像在辩证法里面，我们讲意识的能动性的时候，其实也涉及到了它的具体反映具有创造性，如果考生与意识能动性做相应回答也是可以得分的。
第二个问题，它的问题是用材料二的一段话，“用自己的设计改变生活，让生活更加美好”问题是对于我们从事实践活动有何意义?它的题眼或者关健词是“对实践”活动，那么怎么把前半句话和实践活动联系在一起呢，辅导教材中有这样一个考点，唯物论当中讲到全部社会生活在本质上是实践的，所以生活的过程就是一个实践的过程，而它用自己的设计改变生活的过程，其实反映的是人的意识，对客观事物，对实践的能动指导作用，那么这个指导作用其实在我们教材当中，包括海天28题里有两个地方都直接的讲到了，第一个地方就是在讲到辩证法主观能动性和客观规律性统一的时候，那么教材里边就讲得很清楚，人的意识它具有能动性有这四个方面的表现，那么其中一个表现就是人的意识可以指导实践，使实践物质世界得到相应的改变。这应该说是意识能动性的一个最突出的表现，那么材料里边的大学生所设计的蓝图，所设计的这样一个规划，当然是一种属于认识范围内的，一种对未来世界的描写，是一种未来世界的蓝图，然后只有通过实践才能够让世界得到改变，让世界得到更美好，这就说明人的意识要想发挥作用，对世界产生改变就必须要通过实践，只有把认识或意识活动落实到实践中才能够真正的使世界得到相应的改变。
这是在我们辅导教材，比如说海天所使用的好题解析中，在我们预测试题，海天使用28题当中都讲得非常一清楚的一个原理，那么另外一点就是在认识论当中，我们讲到人的认识活动对实践具有指导作用，那么这种指导作用又具体体现在两个方面，那就是正确认识来指导实践，能够使实践顺利进行获得成功，错误的指导实践对遭到失败，受到挫折，显而易见研究生这个设计当然应该是正确的一种认识，让它指导实践，当然可以得到成功和美好的结果。所以括号2这个问题，如果要想比较完整的回答出来的话，从我们教材当中所涉及到的原理来看，应该有这么三个原理可以相应的回答这个问题，第一个原理就在唯物论中所讲到的全部社会生活，它在本质上是实践的，那么第二个原理就是在辩证法里边讲到的意识对物质的能动性的其中一个表现，它可以通过指导实践来改造世界。
第三个可以涉及到的原理就是在认识论里边所讲到的，比如认识对实践的指导作用可以分为两种效果，正确的认识来指导实践可以获得好的结果，能够获得成功，当然括号2这个问题它主要涉及到的就是在认识论中，认识对实践的指导作用所产生的两个效果。
那么这是34题从我们目前得到的材料来看，同学们可以得到的一个基本的回答，那么我也想就这个34题谈一下我个人的感想。从34题的出题特点来看，应该说它是既在意料之中，也在意料之外，所谓在意料之中，34题这道题主要考的是认识论，那么在我们辅导班上，历年都反复强调，从历年考题来看，辩证法和认识论是最有可能考大题的，考分析题的两个部分内容，也是我们特别要求考生要重点掌握的相应的内容。像我刚才提到34题所涉及到的这几个原理，在我们所出的一本最后点睛班中使用的小册子，考研(微博)政治重点剖析28题所用的原理全部都讲到了，唯一例外都讲到了，所以从这个意义上来说，它是在意料之中。但是34题又在意料之外，之所以在意料之外，现在34题原理的考题很少直接告诉你原理的内容，用很明显的词告诉你用什么原理，它没有这样做。给我们出的题非常活，所以辅导班当中我也反复给我们学生讲过，34题出题的一个特点就是它具有不可预测性。所谓不可预测性，就是说34题作为一道哲学的考题，那么哲学是什么呢?哲学是世界观是方法论，作为世界观作为方法论，它意味着古今中外所有的问题都可以从哲学的角度来出题，都可以从哲学的角度来回答，那么古今中外有多少问题呢?这是任何个人都很难准确把握的一个范围。
篇2：研究生考试 政治思想理论真题及解析
此事被发在微博上，顿时触动了社会的神经，引发人们对人文精神的关注和思考。中央电视台等主流媒体对此事进行了报道。一场图书馆办馆理念的大讨论由此引发。
公共图书馆一向更愿意向体面的文化人敞开，常在门口凛然告示：“衣衫不整，拒绝入内”!把读者分成三六九等，拒绝部分人进入。其公益性大打折扣，而该馆馆长希望图书馆成为“每一个读者的天堂”，“无论任何人，只有走进了图书馆，在知识面前都有着同等的权利，不得有高低贵贱之分”。为此，该馆在全国同行中率先推出免费阅读制度，任何人进馆借阅书籍都不需要证件和费用，以体现人道、人文的公共图书馆办馆理念和人性化的服务。
对于图书馆免费开放可能带来的问题，该馆有关负责人感触颇深，自图书馆实行零门槛后，我们不仅没有感到压力增加，反而感觉开放的时间越长，不尊重这种权利的读者越少。我们和读者都被这种和谐的环境所改变，至于进馆要先洗洗手，馆内并没有硬性规定，耳濡目染的时间长了，谁都会自觉地先洗手，然后再阅读。
“如果有天堂，天堂应该是图书馆的模样。”这是文学大师、曾担任阿根廷国立图书馆馆长的博尔赫斯的一句名言。该图书馆向乞丐和拾荒者免费开放，不啻于一轮明亮的太阳，让乞丐和拾荒者在得到温暖的同时，也净化了我们的心灵。摘编自《中国青年》(第5期)、《光明日报》(年5月10日)
问：
(1) 从法律角度如何理解“我无权拒绝他们入内阅读，但你有权选择离开”?(5分)
考点：宪法的基本原则。
(2) 我们处理人际关系有何启示?(5分)
考点：和谐的人生环境。
解读：
今年37题应该说出题完全在我们预测范围内，但事实上超出大部分辅导班对于37题出题范围所谓的预测。那么37题按照出题的顺序考的是思想道德修养和法律基础这门课，通常会认为这门课主要考的是思想道德修养，考的是有关道德方面的，前几年都是有这样一个特点。那么今年反起到而形，考法制观念的内容。但是在我们海天学校28题中，对于这一块内容预测得是非常准确的。
我们首先来看一下这道题，那么这道题提供的材料是去年的一个20非常热点的事件，一个新闻事件。在某一个图书馆向读者免费开放，这样的话像这样乞丐，拾荒者，衣衫蓝缕刚开始小心翼翼的，后来堂而皇之到图书馆看书，引起读者不满，向馆长抱怨图书馆是大雅之堂，如何让乞丐，拾荒者来阅读，岂不是对其他读者的不尊重。这样一件事情在微博和媒体上都引起了广泛热议，大体就描述了这样一个过程，针对这样一个新闻事件，这道题主要问了这样两个问题，第一个问题要求从法律角度来如何理解我无权拒绝他们入内阅读，但你有权选择离开，当时图书馆馆长对那些抱怨衣衫蓝缕着，拾荒者，到图书馆读书的人的反映讲了这么一句话，问怎么去理解，为什么这么说。
第二个问题问的是，对于我们如何处理好人际关系有何启示?怎么样有效的来处理好人际关系，我们首先来看第一个问题，那么第一个问题我们要想把这个问题做出正确的回答，那么关键词是什么呢?关键词是前半句话，要求我们从法律角度来理解，显而易见它涉及到的是法制观，在我们教材当中第七章和第八章讲的是法制观，第七章法制观念和第八章法律制度，后面讲我无权拒绝他们入内阅读，那么实际上他是必须要有尊重别人入内阅读的权利，这是他的一种责任，但是你有权选择离开，那么无权有权，当然涉及到的是权利问题，有权选择，无权选择涉及到的是权利和义务的关系问题。
所以括号1这个问题如果要联系到教材的考点的话，我们应该联系到哪里呢?联系到第七章，讲到法律上的权利和义务的关系，在我们教材当中，讲到在我们国家公民有着基本的权利，其中就包括了平等权和受教育权，我国宪法也明确规定公民在法律面前一律平等，公民享有受教育的权利和义务，那么另外还专门讲到了权利和义务的关系有三个方面。第一从结构上来说，那么权利和义务之间具有相关性，说明它们之间是对立统一的关系;第二从总量上来说，权利和义务有平衡的关系，总量上具有相等的平衡关系。那么第三个方面就是从功能上来说，权利和义务具有互补的关系，那么在享受权利的同时，也必须承担着责任，承担义务，那么如果考生能够从这三个方面，结构上的相关关系，总量上的相等关系，以及功能上的互补关系，这三个角度来说明一下为什么无权拒绝乞丐，衣衫蓝缕者入内阅读，对方也有权选择离开，这种话里所包含的法律上的权利和义务之间的相互关系。从权利和义务角度来回答就可以了。
那么第二个问题就是从材料中我们可以得出如何处理人际关系有何启示。那么这个问题从它涉及到的考点来说，它主要涉及到的是思修这门课第三章的内容，也就是人和社会环境之间的关系，讲人和社会之间环境关系的时候，就特别讲到人与人之间的关系，我们如何来处理好人与人之间的关系呢?总的一个方向和目标就是要实现人与人之间的这种和谐，而这个和谐不仅是一个道德的要求，也是一个法律的要求，所以有什么启示，我想首先最基本的启示就是我们在处理人与人之间关系过程当中，不仅要遵守法律上的要求，那么更要遵守道德上的要求来促进人与人之间关系的和谐，那么如何来处理好人与人之间关系和谐呢?我们从材料当中可以看到，它也体现了教材里边所讲到的处理好人与人之间关系的思想原则，第一项原则就是平等的原则，将心比心，相互之间要相互尊重对方的权利，而不能够以自身的权利去抹杀别人的权利，第二诚信原则，第三宽容的原则，可能乞丐也好，拾荒者也好，他到图书馆阅读让你觉得有点不舒服，感觉到受到了一些打扰，但是呢我们对这样的事情只要我们心怀善意就完全能够宽容的对待这样的事情。第四个原则互助的原则，其实我们在这个材料里边这种相互帮助，其实并不要求你能够做很多的事情，其实你只要宽容一点，容忍别人能够到图书馆里边和其他人一样共同阅读，接受文化教育应该说就是对别人的一种很大的帮助。
所以说要想促进人与人之间的人际关系的和谐，应该注意在言行上体现这样思想原则，平等的原则，诚信的原则，宽容的原则和互助的原则。如果考生能够这样来回答的话，应该说这道题拿到高分是完全可以的。
篇3：华南师大研究生考试普通心理学真题
一、解释下列概念（每题4分，共28分）
1.动力定型2.消退抑制3.成就动机4.感受野5.主观轮廓6.结构级差7.系列位置效应
二、选择题（单选或多选，每题1分，共10分）
1.心理学史上最早对人的记忆进行研究的心理学家是DDD（1）詹姆斯；（2）冯特；（3）艾宾豪斯；（4）铁钦纳
2.由于新异刺激物的出现使原来的条件反射受到暂时的抑制叫DDD（1）延缓抑制；（2）消退抑制；（3）内抑制；（4）外抑制
3.人类心理的产生是由于DDD（1）劳动；（2）语言的出现；（3）人脑的发展；（4）文字的产生
4.人对于电视机的需要属于DDD（1）物质需要；（2）精神需要；（3）自然需要；（4）社会文化需要
5.注意的过滤器理论、衰减理论和主动加工理论的区别是DDD
（1）信息的选择或不选择；（2）选择发生的阶段；（3）信息的过滤或衰减
6.在颜色纺锤体上，代表饱和度的是DDD（1）纺锤体的垂直轴；（2）纺锤体的圆周；（3）纺锤体从圆周到中心的距离
7.在人知觉深度的双眼线索中，最重要的双眼线索是DDD（1）双眼视轴的辐合；（2）水晶体屈度的变化；（3）双眼视差
8.当注视一个方向的物体运动之后，如果将注视点转向静止的物体，那么会看到静止的物体似乎朝向相反的方向运动，这种现象叫DDD（1）动景运动；（2）诱发运动；（3）自主运动；（4）运动后效
9.在能力测验中，代表测验量表的稳定性和一致性的指标是DDD（1）效度；（2）区分度；（3）信度；（4）难度
10.艾森克的人格理论将人分成四种类型：稳定内倾型，稳定外倾型，不稳定内倾型和不稳定外倾型，其中稳定外倾型相当于DDD（1）多血质；（2）胆汁质；（3）粘液质；（4）抑郁质
三、简答下列各题（每题8分，共32分）
1.人的意识有哪些特征？在人的心理生活中，意识与无意识的关系怎样？
2.简述鲁利亚的大脑功能的机能系统理论。
3.简述影响形象知觉的因素。
4.试说明人在识记时的信息编码方式。
四、论述题（每题15分，共30分）
1.试论述气质在人类生活中的意义。
2.试论述解决问题的心理过程和影响因素。
篇4：英语三级考试真题解析
Part I Listening Comprehension
Directions: This part is to test your listening ability .It consists of 3 sections.
Section A
Now the test will begin.
1. A) Never mind.
B) Thanks a lot.
C) Yes，of course.
D) With pleasure.
2. A) Hold on，please.
B) It’s interesting.
C) That’s nothing.
D) He’s all fight.
3. A) Next month.
B) So long.
C) Very funny
D) Two weeks.
4. A) It’s too late.
B) Yes，it is.
C) Take it easy.
D) It doesn’t matter
5. A) Of course.
B) You are welcome.
C) It was excellent.
D) Yes, l do.
Section B
Directions: This section is to test your ability to understand short dialogues. There are 5 recorded dialogues in it. After each dialogue, there is a recorded question. Both the dialogues and questions will be spoken two times. When you hear a question, you should decide on the correct answer from the 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D) given in your test paper. Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
6. A) 11：00.
B) 11：50
C) 12：00
D) 12：10
7. A) To see the woman.
B) To send the e-mail.
C) To go to the bank.
D) To write a letter.
8. A) The woman will drive tonight.
B) The woman doesn’t like fruit.
C) The woman has given up smoking.
D) The woman is leaving now.
9. A) In a bank.
B) In a restaurant.
C) In a hospital.
D) In a bookstore.
10. A) Tell her the price.
B) Wait for a while.
C) Examine her computer.
D) Go shopping with her.
Section C
Directions: In this section you will hear a recorded short passage. The passage is printed in the test paper, but with some words or phrases missing. The passage will be read three times. During the second reading, you are required to put the missing words or phrases on the Answer Sheet in order of the numbered blanks according to what you hear. The third reading is for you to check your writing. Now the passage will begin.
Hello, everyone. This is the captain(机长)speaking -11- to Flight JK900 leaving for Chicago. Our flight time today is 2 hours and 35 minutes，and we will be flying at an average altitude(高度)of 31，000 feet. The -12- in Chicago is a quarter past twelve，and the current weather is cloudy，but there is a chance of -13- later in the day. We will -14- at Gate 7 at the Chicago airport. On behalf of our Airlines, I wish you an enjoyable-15- in Chicago. Sit back and enjoy the flight.
答案：1-5:CADBC 6-10:CBADC
11.Welcome 12.local time 13.rain 14.arrive 15.stay
Part II Vocabulary & Structure
Directions: This part is to test your ability to use words and phrases correctly to construct meaningful and grammatically correct sentences. It consists of 2 sections.
Section A
Directions: There are 10 incomplete statements here. You are required to complete each statement by choosing the appropriate answer from the 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
16. What are the essential differences ___________ selling and marketing?
A) between
B) from
C) among
D) for
17. Jack called the airline to ___________his flight to beijing this morning.
A) improve
B) believe
C) confirm
D) insure
18. It was in the year of ___________they set up a branch company in China.
A) as
B) that
C) what
D) which
19. You’d better ___________advice before making a project plan.
A) put down
B) take in
C) turn out
D) ask for
20. Young people now live a life-style ___________their parents could hardly dream of.
A) which
B) why
C) when
D) where
21. While traveling in France, he __________some everyday French.
A) gave up
B) picked up
C) drew up
D) got up
22. Hardly __________ at the office when the telephone rang.
A) I arrived
B) I had arrived
C) did I arrive
D) had I arrived
23. To work __________with the machine，you must read the instructions carefully.
A) firstly
B) naturally
C) efficiently
D) generally
24. We’ll have to continue the discussion tomorrow __________we can make a final decision today.
A) unless
B) because
C) when
D) since
25. If you have three years’ work experience，you will be the right ______ for this job.
A) person
B) passenger
C) tourist
D) customer
Section B
Directions: There are also 10 incomplete statements here. You should fill in each blank with the proper form of the word given in brackets. Write the word or words in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet.
26. It is reported that the sports meet was (successful)__________organized.
27. Some people think (much)__________about their rights than about their duties.
28. It is reported that foreign car sales in the country (rise)__________by 8% last year.
29. The adviser recommended that Mary(start)_______ the training program as soon as possible.
30. The job pays well and you get a 20 - day holiday a year, it’s certainly an(attract)_______offer.
31. It (announce)______yesterday that the game wsa to start in a week.
32. Because man people will come to the meeting, we need some (addition) _____ chairs.
33. No reader is allowed(take)__________any reference book out of the reading-room.
34. The course is designed to provide a general introduction to computers and(practice)___skills training.
35. We’ve only got one day in Paris，so we’d better(make)____the best use of the time.
答案：16-20:ACBDA 21-25:BDCAA
26.successfully 27.more 28.rose 29.(should)start 30.attractive
31.was announced 32.additional 33.to take 34.practical 35.make
Part III Reading Comprehension
Directions: This part is to test your reading ability. There are 5 tasks for you to fulfill. You should read the reading materials carefully and do the tasks as you are instructed.
Task 1
Directions: After reading the following passage, you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements, numbered 36 to 40. For each question or statement there are 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should make the correct choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
Subways are underground trains，which usually operate 24 hours a day. They are found in larger cities and usually run between the suburbs and the downtown area. Maps and schedules are available from the ticket of rice. If you take the subway often，you can save money by purchasing a monthly pass(月票).
City-operated buses run on various routes(线路)and are designed to be at certain places at certain times. Maps and schedules may be posted at certain stops，or they may be available at local banks，libraries，the student union，or from the bus drivers. Buses run mainly during the day. Fare is paid by exact change in coins, or by monthly passes.
Taxis are generally more expensive in the United States than in other countries. If you use a taxi，be sure you ask the amount of the fare before you agree to ride. The driver usually expects a tip(小费)of 15 percent of the fare.
36. According to the passage, subways as underground trains, which usually run____.
A) within downtown areas
B) away from city centers
C) in or outside big modern cities
D) between suburbs and city centers
37. You can get the maps and schedules of the subways________.
A) at bus stations
B) at local banks
C) in any bookstores
D) from the ticket offices
38. From the passage we learn that________.
A) buses are always available in 24 hours
B) bus riders have to buy monthly passes
C) bus fare is paid by exact change in coins
D) buses are the best means of transportation
39. When you take a taxi, you’d better________.
A) buy a monthly pass
B) ask about the fare first
C) agree on the amount of the tip
D) pay by the exact change in coins
40. The passage mainly tells us about________.
A) the bus and train fares in the US
B) the ways of paying taxi in the US
C) the public transportation in the US
D) the advantage of subways in the US
Task 2
Directions: This task is the same as Task 1. The 5 questions or unfinished statements are numbered 41 to 45.
Letter 1
Dear Ann,
I am going to give a dinner party next month. I want my guests to enjoy themselves and to feel comfortable. What is the secret of giving a successful party?
Letter 2
Dear Mary，
Cook something that would let you spend time with your guests，If a guest offers to help you in the kitchen，accept the offer. It often makes people feel more comfortable when they can help.
Before serving dinner，while your guests make small talks in the living room，offer them drinks. Some guests may like wine，but make sure to provide soft drinks for people who don’t.
At the dinner table，let your guests serve themselves. Offer them a second serving after they finish, but don’t ask more than once. Most guests will take more if they want.
Perhaps the most important rule of all is to be natural. Treat your guests as you want them to treat you when you’re in their home―that is，act naturally toward them，and don’t try too hard to be polite. Have a good time in a pleasant atmosphere.
41. From the first letter we learn that Mary ________ .
A) is asking for advice on giving a dinner party
B) knows the secret of giving a pleasant party
C) is going to attend a dinner party
D) has successfully held a party
42. Ann’s first piece of advice is that Mary should________.
A) get the food ready before the guests arrive
B) keep the guests away from the kitchen
C) spend some time with the guests
D) accept the guests’ offer to help
43. Ann suggests that Mary offer drinks________.
A) while the guests are having small talks
B) when all the guests have arrived
C) after the guests finish small talks
D) after the dinner comes to an end
44. When having dinner，the guests are expected to________.
A) eat their food slowly
B) help the host serve food
C) serve each other at the table
D) help themselves to more food
45. The most important rule for Mary to follow in treating her guests is to________.
A) be as polite as she can
B) let them feel at home
C) prepare delicious food
D) create a formal atmosphere
答案：36-40:DDCBC 41-45:ADADB
Task 3
Directions: The following is a letter. After reading it, you should complete the information by filling in the blanks marked 46 through 50 in no more than 3 words in the table below.
E-mail or call Tip Line(举报热线)
Have you seen a crime being committed(犯罪)on a bus，train，or near a bus stop，or train station? If you do，email US or call Tip Line.
Tip Line
If you would rather give your information by telephone，call the Police Tip Line at 612-349-7222.You can leave information anonymously(匿名地)or leave your name and phone number and an officer will call you back.
Call and officer
You can speak directly to any Police Department staff member who receives the call weekdays.8：00 to 16：00. Call 612-349―7200.
Contact the Chief
If you haven’t received any reply to your Tip Line information for half a day，directly call 612-349-7I00 or email：chief@metrotransit.org
Report on a Crime
Use Tip Line
1. Tip Line number：612-349-7222
2. Ways of reporting：
1) Give -46- anonymously;
2) Leave your name and telephone number，and wait for an officer to -47-
Call the Police Directly
1. Service time：weekdays, -48-
2. Telephone number: -49-
Contact the Chief
1. Reason：receiving no reply to your Tip Line information for -50-
2. Telephone number：612-349-7100
3. Email：chief@metrotransit.org
答案：46.information 47.call you back 48. 8:00 to 16:00 49.612-349-7200 50.half a day
Task 4
Directions: The following is part of an index (索引). After reading it, you are required to find the items equivalent to (与…等同) those given in Chinese in the table below. Then you should put the corresponding letters in the brackets on the Answer Sheet, numbered 51 through 55.
A―breeze
B―calm sea
C―clear up
D―dry
E―fog
F―heavy snow
G―high seas
H―light rain
I―partly cloudy
J―shower
K―southeast wind
L―storm
M―the highs
N―the lows
O一typhoon
P―wet
Q―windy
Examples：(A) 微风 (O)台风
51.( )天气放晴( )大雪
52.( )最高温度( )局部多云
53.( )东南风( )小雨
54.( )有雾( )海面大浪
55.( )天气干燥( )暴风雨
答案：51.C,F 52.M,I 53.K,H 54.E,G 55.D,L
Task 5
Directions: The following are two advertisements. After reading them, you are required to complete the statements that follow the questions (No.56 to No.60). You should write your answers in no more than 3 words on the corresponding Answer Sheet.
Ad 1
Personal Assistant To Sales Manager
We are a small but growing computer software company. We are looking for someone to assist the manager of the sales department in dealing with foreign customers and orders from abroad. If you know English well and have previous experience in this job，and between 2 1 and 30，please writer US a short letter giving details of your previous jobs，current employment，etc. Some knowledge of Spanish and Italian would be an advantage.
Write to：
Soft Logic
23 Alfred Street
Winchester
Hants
Ad 2
Part time Drivers
King County Metro is Hiring Part-Time Bus Drivers
Great Pay! Great Bendfits!
Start at$14.50 an hour.
Plus paid vacation and sick leave，paid training
Must be 2 1 years or older，have a Washington State driver’s license
and acceptable driving record.
Call(202)684-1024
Or log on(登录)to www.metrokc.gov／ohrm
56. In the first ad. which department in the company is seeking an assistant to its manage?
_______________________________________.
57. What is the major responsibility of the assistant manager?
Dealing foreign customers and orders___________.
58. What is mentioned as an advantage for the application in Ad l?
Some knowledge of______________________________.
59. What is the age limit for the position of the part-time bus drivers in Ad 2?
______________________________years or older.
60. What kind of driver’s license should the candidates have in order to get the position?
They should have a__________ driver’s license.
答案：56.the sales department 57.from abroad 58.Spanish and Italian 59. 21 60.Washington State
Part IV Translation ―― English into Chinese
Directions: This part, numbered 61 to 65, is to test your ability to translate English into Chinese. Each of the four sentences (N0.61 to No.64) is followed by four choices of suggested translation marked A), B), C) and D). Make the best choice and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. Write your translation of the paragraph (No.65) in the corresponding space on the Translation/Composition Sheet.
61. This matter is so important that it should not be left in the hands of and inexperienced lawyer.
A) 如此重要的事情，没有经验的律师不敢接手。
B) 这件事事关重大，不能交结缺乏经验的律师来处理。
C) 这件事也很重要，不应让有经验的律师处理。
D) 这样重要的事情，没有经验的律师是不敢接手处理的。
62. No matter how hard I tried to explain how to operate the machine, they were still at a loss.
A) 尽管我努力把机器开动了，他们还是觉得非常失望。
B) 无论我怎么努力地说明机器的用法，他们都不理解我。
C) 即使我努力地对机器做了解释，他们还是不相信我的话。
D) 不管我怎么努力地解释如何操作这台机器，他们依然听不懂。
63. We accept returns or exchanges within 30 days from the date of the purchase of these cell phones.
A) 手机从购买之日起30天内我们接受退换。
B) 手机在试用30天之后我们可允许退货。
C) 我们同意30天内可以购买手机，退货或更换。
D) 我们保证30天之内购买的`手机，包退包换。
64. Good managers can create an environment in which different opinions are valued and everyone works together for a common goal.
A) 大家一定要齐心协力地工作，创造一个良好的环境，发表各种不同看法。要做好经理。
B) 为了共同的目标，好经理应该尊重各种不同意思，与大家一起工作，创造良好的氛围。
C) 好经理能够创造一种氛围，让不同意见受到重视并且每个人都有为共同目标合作奋斗。
D) 为了共同的目标，好经理应该能够提出各种宝贵的意见，为大家创造良好的丁作氛围。
65: If you want to get a driver’s license, you will have to apply at a driver’s license office. There you will be required to take a written test for driving in that area. You will also need to pass an eye test. If you need glasses, make sure you wear them. In addition，you must pass an actual driving test. If you fail the written or driving tests， you can take them again on another date.
答案:61-64:BDAC 65:如果你想获得机动车驾驶证，你必须到驾照管理办公室申请。你需要再那里参加该地区的驾驶笔试，还需要通过视力测试。如果你需要眼镜，请务必带着眼镜。此外，你必须通过实际驾驶测试。如果你没有通过笔试或者实际驾驶测试，你可以择日再考。
Part V Writing
Directions: This part is to test your ability to do practical writing. You are required to write a letter of thanks based on the following information given in Chinese. Remember to do your writing on the Translation/ Composition Sheet
说明：假定你是Hongxia Trading Company的雇员王东，给客户Mr. Baker发一封电子邮件。
内容如下：
1.欢迎他来福州；
2.告诉他已在东方宾语为他预定了房间；
3.告诉他从国际机场到达东方宾馆大约20公里左右，可以乘坐出租车或机场大巴；
4.建议他第二天来你的办公室洽谈业务；
5.如需帮助，请电话联系。
Words for Reference
机场大巴 shuttle bus
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英语三级指的是什么
1.英语A级全称为“高等学校英语应用能力考试，英文缩写PRETCO”。简称“大学英语三级考试”。B级是一般是英语基础不太好的学生选择，难度相当于初三至高中的英语水平，低于A级。
2.高等学校英语应用能力考试分A、B两级，A级考试为高职高专学生应该达到的标准要求，B级考试略低于A级考试，是过渡性的要求。原“大学英语三级考试”相当于“高等学校英语应用能力A级考试”，原“大学英语二级考试”相当于“高等学校英语应用能力B级考试”。学生自主决定参加A级或B级考试。
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英语三级代表什么水平
专科跟本科之间的水平。
三级是中间级，通过该级考试的考生，其英语已达到高等教育自学考试非英语专业本科毕业水平或符合普通高校非英语专业本科毕业的要求，基本符合企事业单位行政秘书、经理助理、初级科技人员、外企职员的工作，以及同层次其他工作在对外交往中的基本需要。
该级考生应能在生活和工作的多数情景中进行对话，不仅能够询问事实，还能询问抽象的信息，应能提供或是要求得到更清楚的阐述，同时口才也能表达简单的观点和态度，能适当运用基本的语法知识，掌握4000左右的词汇以及相关词组。
相当于我国学生高中毕业后在大专院校又学了两年公共英语或自学了同等程度英语课程的水平。(此级别笔试合格成绩可替代自学考试本科阶段英语(二)考试成绩。) 公共英语三级需要经过笔试和口试。
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篇5：英语三级考试真题解析
英语三级考试历年真题
Part I Listening Comprehension
Directions: This part is to test your listening ability .It consists of 3 sections.
Section A
Now the test will begin.
1. A) Never mind.
B) Thanks a lot.
C) Yes，of course.
D) With pleasure.
2. A) Hold on，please.
B) It’s interesting.
C) That’s nothing.
D) He’s all fight.
3. A) Next month.
B) So long.
C) Very funny
D) Two weeks.
4. A) It’s too late.
B) Yes，it is.
C) Take it easy.
D) It doesn’t matter
5. A) Of course.
B) You are welcome.
C) It was excellent.
D) Yes, l do.
Section B
Directions: This section is to test your ability to understand short dialogues. There are 5 recorded dialogues in it. After each dialogue, there is a recorded question. Both the dialogues and questions will be spoken two times. When you hear a question, you should decide on the correct answer from the 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D) given in your test paper. Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
6. A) 11：00.
B) 11：50
C) 12：00
D) 12：10
7. A) To see the woman.
B) To send the e-mail.
C) To go to the bank.
D) To write a letter.
8. A) The woman will drive tonight.
B) The woman doesn’t like fruit.
C) The woman has given up smoking.
D) The woman is leaving now.
9. A) In a bank.
B) In a restaurant.
C) In a hospital.
D) In a bookstore.
10. A) Tell her the price.
B) Wait for a while.
C) Examine her computer.
D) Go shopping with her.
Section C
Directions: In this section you will hear a recorded short passage. The passage is printed in the test paper, but with some words or phrases missing. The passage will be read three times. During the second reading, you are required to put the missing words or phrases on the Answer Sheet in order of the numbered blanks according to what you hear. The third reading is for you to check your writing. Now the passage will begin.
Hello, everyone. This is the captain(机长)speaking -11- to Flight JK900 leaving for Chicago. Our flight time today is 2 hours and 35 minutes，and we will be flying at an average altitude(高度)of 31，000 feet. The -12- in Chicago is a quarter past twelve，and the current weather is cloudy，but there is a chance of -13- later in the day. We will -14- at Gate 7 at the Chicago airport. On behalf of our Airlines, I wish you an enjoyable-15- in Chicago. Sit back and enjoy the flight.
答案：1-5:CADBC 6-10:CBADC
11.Welcome 12.local time 13.rain 14.arrive 15.stay
Part II Vocabulary & Structure
Directions: This part is to test your ability to use words and phrases correctly to construct meaningful and grammatically correct sentences. It consists of 2 sections.
Section A
Directions: There are 10 incomplete statements here. You are required to complete each statement by choosing the appropriate answer from the 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
16. What are the essential differences ___________ selling and marketing?
A) between
B) from
C) among
D) for
17. Jack called the airline to ___________his flight to beijing this morning.
A) improve
B) believe
C) confirm
D) insure
18. It was in the year of 2002___________they set up a branch company in China.
A) as
B) that
C) what
D) which
19. You’d better ___________advice before making a project plan.
A) put down
B) take in
C) turn out
D) ask for
20. Young people now live a life-style ___________their parents could hardly dream of.
A) which
B) why
C) when
D) where
21. While traveling in France, he __________some everyday French.
A) gave up
B) picked up
C) drew up
D) got up
22. Hardly __________ at the office when the telephone rang.
A) I arrived
B) I had arrived
C) did I arrive
D) had I arrived
23. To work __________with the machine，you must read the instructions carefully.
A) firstly
B) naturally
C) efficiently
D) generally
24. We’ll have to continue the discussion tomorrow __________we can make a final decision today.
A) unless
B) because
C) when
D) since
25. If you have three years’ work experience，you will be the right ______ for this job.
A) person
B) passenger
C) tourist
D) customer
Section B
Directions: There are also 10 incomplete statements here. You should fill in each blank with the proper form of the word given in brackets. Write the word or words in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet.
26. It is reported that the sports meet was (successful)__________organized.
27. Some people think (much)__________about their rights than about their duties.
28. It is reported that foreign car sales in the country (rise)__________by 8% last year.
29. The adviser recommended that Mary(start)_______ the training program as soon as possible.
30. The job pays well and you get a 20 - day holiday a year, it’s certainly an(attract)_______offer.
31. It (announce)______yesterday that the game wsa to start in a week.
32. Because man people will come to the meeting, we need some (addition) _____ chairs.
33. No reader is allowed(take)__________any reference book out of the reading-room.
34. The course is designed to provide a general introduction to computers and(practice)___skills training.
35. We’ve only got one day in Paris，so we’d better(make)____the best use of the time.
答案：16-20:ACBDA 21-25:BDCAA
26.successfully 27.more 28.rose 29.(should)start 30.attractive
31.was announced 32.additional 33.to take 34.practical 35.make
Part III Reading Comprehension
Directions: This part is to test your reading ability. There are 5 tasks for you to fulfill. You should read the reading materials carefully and do the tasks as you are instructed.
Task 1
Directions: After reading the following passage, you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements, numbered 36 to 40. For each question or statement there are 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should make the correct choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
Subways are underground trains，which usually operate 24 hours a day. They are found in larger cities and usually run between the suburbs and the downtown area. Maps and schedules are available from the ticket of rice. If you take the subway often，you can save money by purchasing a monthly pass(月票).
City-operated buses run on various routes(线路)and are designed to be at certain places at certain times. Maps and schedules may be posted at certain stops，or they may be available at local banks，libraries，the student union，or from the bus drivers. Buses run mainly during the day. Fare is paid by exact change in coins, or by monthly passes.
Taxis are generally more expensive in the United States than in other countries. If you use a taxi，be sure you ask the amount of the fare before you agree to ride. The driver usually expects a tip(小费)of 15 percent of the fare.
36. According to the passage, subways as underground trains, which usually run____.
A) within downtown areas
B) away from city centers
C) in or outside big modern cities
D) between suburbs and city centers
37. You can get the maps and schedules of the subways________.
A) at bus stations
B) at local banks
C) in any bookstores
D) from the ticket offices
38. From the passage we learn that________.
A) buses are always available in 24 hours
B) bus riders have to buy monthly passes
C) bus fare is paid by exact change in coins
D) buses are the best means of transportation
39. When you take a taxi, you’d better________.
A) buy a monthly pass
B) ask about the fare first
C) agree on the amount of the tip
D) pay by the exact change in coins
40. The passage mainly tells us about________.
A) the bus and train fares in the US
B) the ways of paying taxi in the US
C) the public transportation in the US
D) the advantage of subways in the US
Task 2
Directions: This task is the same as Task 1. The 5 questions or unfinished statements are numbered 41 to 45.
Letter 1
Dear Ann,
I am going to give a dinner party next month. I want my guests to enjoy themselves and to feel comfortable. What is the secret of giving a successful party?
Letter 2
Dear Mary，
Cook something that would let you spend time with your guests，If a guest offers to help you in the kitchen，accept the offer. It often makes people feel more comfortable when they can help.
Before serving dinner，while your guests make small talks in the living room，offer them drinks. Some guests may like wine，but make sure to provide soft drinks for people who don’t.
At the dinner table，let your guests serve themselves. Offer them a second serving after they finish, but don’t ask more than once. Most guests will take more if they want.
Perhaps the most important rule of all is to be natural. Treat your guests as you want them to treat you when you’re in their home―that is，act naturally toward them，and don’t try too hard to be polite. Have a good time in a pleasant atmosphere.
41. From the first letter we learn that Mary ________ .
A) is asking for advice on giving a dinner party
B) knows the secret of giving a pleasant party
C) is going to attend a dinner party
D) has successfully held a party
42. Ann’s first piece of advice is that Mary should________.
A) get the food ready before the guests arrive
B) keep the guests away from the kitchen
C) spend some time with the guests
D) accept the guests’ offer to help
43. Ann suggests that Mary offer drinks________.
A) while the guests are having small talks
B) when all the guests have arrived
C) after the guests finish small talks
D) after the dinner comes to an end
44. When having dinner，the guests are expected to________.
A) eat their food slowly
B) help the host serve food
C) serve each other at the table
D) help themselves to more food
45. The most important rule for Mary to follow in treating her guests is to________.
A) be as polite as she can
B) let them feel at home
C) prepare delicious food
D) create a formal atmosphere
答案：36-40:DDCBC 41-45:ADADB
Task 3
Directions: The following is a letter. After reading it, you should complete the information by filling in the blanks marked 46 through 50 in no more than 3 words in the table below.
E-mail or call Tip Line(举报热线)
Have you seen a crime being committed(犯罪)on a bus，train，or near a bus stop，or train station? If you do，email US or call Tip Line.
Tip Line
If you would rather give your information by telephone，call the Police Tip Line at 612-349-7222.You can leave information anonymously(匿名地)or leave your name and phone number and an officer will call you back.
Call and officer
You can speak directly to any Police Department staff member who receives the call weekdays.8：00 to 16：00. Call 612-349―7200.
Contact the Chief
If you haven’t received any reply to your Tip Line information for half a day，directly call 612-349-7I00 or email：chief@metrotransit.org
Report on a Crime
Use Tip Line
1. Tip Line number：612-349-7222
2. Ways of reporting：
1) Give -46- anonymously;
2) Leave your name and telephone number，and wait for an officer to -47-
Call the Police Directly
1. Service time：weekdays, -48-
2. Telephone number: -49-
Contact the Chief
1. Reason：receiving no reply to your Tip Line information for -50-
2. Telephone number：612-349-7100
3. Email：chief@metrotransit.org
答案：46.information 47.call you back 48. 8:00 to 16:00 49.612-349-7200 50.half a day
Task 4
Directions: The following is part of an index (索引). After reading it, you are required to find the items equivalent to (与…等同) those given in Chinese in the table below. Then you should put the corresponding letters in the brackets on the Answer Sheet, numbered 51 through 55.
A―breeze
B―calm sea
C―clear up
D―dry
E―fog
F―heavy snow
G―high seas
H―light rain
I―partly cloudy
J―shower
K―southeast wind
L―storm
M―the highs
N―the lows
O一typhoon
P―wet
Q―windy
Examples：(A) 微风 (O)台风
51.( )天气放晴( )大雪
52.( )最高温度( )局部多云
53.( )东南风( )小雨
54.( )有雾( )海面大浪
55.( )天气干燥( )暴风雨
答案：51.C,F 52.M,I 53.K,H 54.E,G 55.D,L
Task 5
Directions: The following are two advertisements. After reading them, you are required to complete the statements that follow the questions (No.56 to No.60). You should write your answers in no more than 3 words on the corresponding Answer Sheet.
Ad 1
Personal Assistant To Sales Manager
We are a small but growing computer software company. We are looking for someone to assist the manager of the sales department in dealing with foreign customers and orders from abroad. If you know English well and have previous experience in this job，and between 2 1 and 30，please writer US a short letter giving details of your previous jobs，current employment，etc. Some knowledge of Spanish and Italian would be an advantage.
Write to：
Soft Logic
23 Alfred Street
Winchester
Hants
Ad 2
Part time Drivers
King County Metro is Hiring Part-Time Bus Drivers
Great Pay! Great Bendfits!
Start at$14.50 an hour.
Plus paid vacation and sick leave，paid training
Must be 2 1 years or older，have a Washington State driver’s license
and acceptable driving record.
Call(202)684-1024
Or log on(登录)to www.metrokc.gov／ohrm
56. In the first ad. which department in the company is seeking an assistant to its manage?
_______________________________________.
57. What is the major responsibility of the assistant manager?
Dealing foreign customers and orders___________.
58. What is mentioned as an advantage for the application in Ad l?
Some knowledge of______________________________.
59. What is the age limit for the position of the part-time bus drivers in Ad 2?
______________________________years or older.
60. What kind of driver’s license should the candidates have in order to get the position?
They should have a__________ driver’s license.
答案：56.the sales department 57.from abroad 58.Spanish and Italian 59. 21 60.Washington State
Part IV Translation ―― English into Chinese
Directions: This part, numbered 61 to 65, is to test your ability to translate English into Chinese. Each of the four sentences (N0.61 to No.64) is followed by four choices of suggested translation marked A), B), C) and D). Make the best choice and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. Write your translation of the paragraph (No.65) in the corresponding space on the Translation/Composition Sheet.
61. This matter is so important that it should not be left in the hands of and inexperienced lawyer.
A) 如此重要的事情，没有经验的律师不敢接手。
B) 这件事事关重大，不能交结缺乏经验的律师来处理。
C) 这件事也很重要，不应让有经验的律师处理。
D) 这样重要的事情，没有经验的律师是不敢接手处理的。
62. No matter how hard I tried to explain how to operate the machine, they were still at a loss.
A) 尽管我努力把机器开动了，他们还是觉得非常失望。
B) 无论我怎么努力地说明机器的用法，他们都不理解我。
C) 即使我努力地对机器做了解释，他们还是不相信我的话。
D) 不管我怎么努力地解释如何操作这台机器，他们依然听不懂。
63. We accept returns or exchanges within 30 days from the date of the purchase of these cell phones.
A) 手机从购买之日起30天内我们接受退换。
B) 手机在试用30天之后我们可允许退货。
C) 我们同意30天内可以购买手机，退货或更换。
D) 我们保证30天之内购买的`手机，包退包换。
64. Good managers can create an environment in which different opinions are valued and everyone works together for a common goal.
A) 大家一定要齐心协力地工作，创造一个良好的环境，发表各种不同看法。要做好经理。
B) 为了共同的目标，好经理应该尊重各种不同意思，与大家一起工作，创造良好的氛围。
C) 好经理能够创造一种氛围，让不同意见受到重视并且每个人都有为共同目标合作奋斗。
D) 为了共同的目标，好经理应该能够提出各种宝贵的意见，为大家创造良好的丁作氛围。
65: If you want to get a driver’s license, you will have to apply at a driver’s license office. There you will be required to take a written test for driving in that area. You will also need to pass an eye test. If you need glasses, make sure you wear them. In addition，you must pass an actual driving test. If you fail the written or driving tests， you can take them again on another date.
答案:61-64:BDAC 65:如果你想获得机动车驾驶证，你必须到驾照管理办公室申请。你需要再那里参加该地区的驾驶笔试，还需要通过视力测试。如果你需要眼镜，请务必带着眼镜。此外，你必须通过实际驾驶测试。如果你没有通过笔试或者实际驾驶测试，你可以择日再考。
Part V Writing
Directions: This part is to test your ability to do practical writing. You are required to write a letter of thanks based on the following information given in Chinese. Remember to do your writing on the Translation/ Composition Sheet
说明：假定你是Hongxia Trading Company的雇员王东，给客户Mr. Baker发一封电子邮件。
内容如下：
1.欢迎他来福州；
2.告诉他已在东方宾语为他预定了房间；
3.告诉他从国际机场到达东方宾馆大约20公里左右，可以乘坐出租车或机场大巴；
4.建议他第二天来你的办公室洽谈业务；
5.如需帮助，请电话联系。
Words for Reference
机场大巴 shuttle bus
篇6：gre考试阅读真题解析
gre考试阅读真题解析
Exterminator: Using poisoned food is the most effective tactic for combating a mouse infestation. The mouse will carry the food back to the nest, causing all of the mice to die, while a trap will kill only the one mouse that falls into it. If all signs of the mice disappear for three consecutive weeks after poisoned food is used, the homeowner can be sure that the poison was successful in eradicating the mice.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously calls into question the exterminator’s claim that the absence of signs for three weeks means the mice have been eradicated by the poison?
(A) Because mice hide whenever they sense humans, it is very difficult to see or hear mice even when there is an active infestation.
(B) It is more humane to use live-catch traps that allow homeowners to release the still-living mice outside.
(C) In the spring, many mice that nest in houses begin foraging for food outside and do not return to the comfort of the house until the fall or winter.
(D) There are several different kinds of poison that could be used, some of which are more effective than others.
(E) It sometimes takes longer than three weeks for all of the mice to ingest and die from the poison.
想要快速解决gre阅读考试逻辑题，有几个重要步骤必须做到。由于这些阅读题往往是短篇ARGU类文章的形式。所以通常都是某人想要总结某个观点，或者双方就一个观点进行争论的提问方式。
搞定阅读逻辑题第一步：确认问题类型
看gre考试文章前先看问题，问题会告诉你需要那种逻辑思维方式来解题，有时候还会包含文章的结论。而仔细阅读问题题干可能会帮助我们加强或者削弱结论、找出假设部分、进行推理、解决矛盾、分析文章结构。本题的问题，就是让我们去削弱结论。
搞定阅读逻辑题第二步：分解文章论点
一般文章的论点会由这几个部分组成。分别是：前提、结论、假设和反对前提。当阅读文章论点时，我们要学会分辨其中的这些部分，分解论点进行解析。
搞定阅读逻辑题第三步：排除答案选项
把答案的每个选项都检查一遍，首先，排除那些明显错误的选项，然后把剩下的选项进行对比。
选项A与结论的所有记号都消失矛盾，所以很明显是错误的，可以直接排除。
选项B没有谈到我们需要削弱的观点：3周没迹象=老鼠全被毒死了。所以排除。
选项C比较对路。假设正好这个计划在春季开展，有毒食物被放置好，而且3周没有老鼠的迹象，但也许并不是老鼠被消灭了，只是所有老鼠都正好离开了，靠着春季的充足野外食物生存，到了九十月份又会回来。这样就正好削弱了结论。所以这个答案比较正确。
选项D没有谈到需要削弱的观点：3周没迹象=老鼠全被毒死了。所以排除。
选项E比较容易出错。看似逻辑正确，但包含的假设条件文章内并没有提到，所以也可以排除。
综合起来，正确答案是C。
从真题中总结的解决阅读逻辑题技巧
1. 掌握上述的解题步骤。
2. 某些选项会比较接近正确答案，但缺乏对关键论点的削弱，这些都是陷阱选项，不要上当。
3. 想当然的选项，有些选项看似很正确，但其实并没有事实基础，即在文章中并没有提到相关内容，所以无论它看上去多正确，都是错误的选项。解答时大家切忌自行脑补一些条件，忠于原文进行解答是关键。
GRE阅读：长难句分析
The physicist rightly dreads precise argument，since an argument that is convincing only if it is precise loses all its force if the assumptions on which it is based are slightly changed，whereas an argument that is convincing though imprecise may well be stable under small perturbations of its underlying assumptions. (5+)
物理学家恐惧于那些精确无误的论据不无道理，因为某种只有在它是精确无误的条件下才令人置信的论据，一旦它赖于建立其上的假设稍有变化，便会失去它一部的作用;而与此相反，一个尽管并不精确无误但却令人置信的论据，在其基本假设(underlying assumption)稍微受干扰的情况下，仍然有可能是站得住脚的。
难句类型：复杂修饰
解释：本句在文章中就是一个自然段，虽然长度比不上前面第一章中所举的那个长达10行的例子，但是难度绝不在那句话之下。本句堪称句子的大杂烩，连主句带从句居然一共有八个。从大往小说，由whereas连接了两个大句子，whereas后面的句子中的主语an augument之后又跟了一个定语从句that is convincing though imprecise， 修饰augument。whereas前面共有六个句子，由the physicist作主语的主句;由since引导的原因状语从句，修饰since从句中主语an augument的由that引导的定语从句，此定语从句中的条件状语从句only if it is precise; since从句中的条件状语从句if the assumptions on which it is based are slightly changed,以及修饰此从句中的主语assumptions的定语从句on which it is based一共八个句子，从句套从句，实在令人叹为观止。
然而，在考试现场去数句子的数目，是只有呆子才会干的事，读者们惟一要干的事就是反复阅读这句话，什么时候练到不必去想其语法结构就能按原文顺序读懂，才算初步掌握;再进一步把它读顺，直到你看不出这个句子有什么特别的地方，看上去还挺舒服就算训练成功。
However，as they gained cohesion，the Bluestockings came to regard themselves as a women’s group and to possess a sense of female solidarity lacking in the salonnieres，who remained isolated from one another by the primacy each held in her own salon. (4-)
起初，蓝袜女们确实模仿了法国沙龙女主人，将男性襄括到其小圈子中来。然则，随着她们获得的凝聚力，她们渐趋将自己视作一女性团体，并拥有了一种妇女团结意识，而这种意识在法国沙龙女主人身上则荡然无存，因为她们每个人在其自己的沙龙中自视甚高而彼此孤立隔绝开来。
难句类型：复杂修饰
解释：本句读到表示并列的连词and开始变难。and之后的不定式与前面的不定式是并列的，to的前面省略了一个与前面一样的谓语came。 lacking之后的分词作定语修饰a sense of female solidarity其后的由who引导的定语从句又修饰逗号前面的salonnieres此从句中又有一个定语从句that each salonniere held in her own salon修饰其前的primacy,但是由于引导词that在从句中作宾语，因此被省略。
GRE长难句练习及解析：期的纺织厂主们
For instance, early textile-mill entrepreneurs, in justifying women’s employment in wage labor, made much of the assumption that women were by nature skillful at detailed tasks and patient in carrying out repetitive chores; the mill owners thus imported into the new industrial order hoary stereotypes associated with the homemaking activities they presumed to have been the purview of women.
【标识】
For instance, early textile-mill entrepreneurs, 1[in justifying women’s employment] 2[in wage labor], made much of the assumption 3[that women were by nature skillful at detailed tasks and patient in carrying out repetitive chores]; the mill owners thus imported into the new industrial order 4[hoary stereotypes] 5[associated with the homemaking activities] 6[that they presumed] 7[to have been the purview of women].
【难点】
1. 介词结构倒装。in justifying women’s employment修饰entrepreneurs。2. 介词结构倒装。in wage labor修饰women’s employment。3. 同位语从句。that引导的同位语从句进一步解释assumption。4. 宾语倒装。hoary stereotypes是imported的直接宾语。5. 分词结构倒装。associated with the homemaking activities修饰stereotypes。6. 定语从句及省略。that引导的定语从句修饰activities，此处省略引导词that。7. 介词结构倒装。to have been the purview of women修饰activities。
【译文】
比如，早期的纺织厂主们在说明他们在工资劳动中雇佣妇女的理由时，已经做了很大程度的假设，他们认为妇女天生就擅长做细活，并在进行重复性的杂务时也更加细心;因此，早期的纺织厂主们就把这样的陈词滥调引入到了新的工业秩序中，即认为家务劳动是妇女的天职。
【3s版本】
纺织厂主倾向于雇女工是因为他们的成见认为妇女擅长干细致的家务活。
篇7：高考化学考试真题及解析
选择题
1.已知空气-锌电池的电极反应为
锌片：Zn+2OH--2e-===ZnO+H2O
石墨：2(1)O2+H2O+2e-===2OH-
据此判断锌片是( )。
A.作负极，被氧化 B.作负极，被还原
C.作正极，被氧化 D.作正极，被还原
2.日常所用的干电池的电极分别为碳棒和锌皮，以糊状NH4Cl和ZnCl2作电解质(其中加入MnO2氧化吸收H2)电极反应可简化为Zn-2e-===Zn2+;2NH4(+)+2e-===2NH3+H2。根据以上叙述判断下列说法正确的是( )。
A.干电池中锌为正极，碳为负极
B.干电池长时间连续工作时，内装糊状物可能流出腐蚀用电器
C.干电池工作时，电流由锌极经外电路流向碳极
D.干电池可实现化学能向电能的转化和电能向化学能的转化
3.燃料电池的突出优点是把化学能直接转变为电能，而不经过热能的中间形式，现已广泛使用。如甲烷燃料电池，其电极反应：负极：CH4+10OH--8e-===CO3(2-)+7H2O。正极：2O2+8e-+4H2O===8OH-。若反应获得27 g水，则电池中电子转移的物质的量为( )。
A.1 mol B.2 mol C.4 mol D.6 mol
4.图2-2-8为番茄电池，下列说法正确的是( )。
A.一段时间后，锌片质量会变小
B.铜电极附近会出现蓝色
C.电子由铜通过导线流向锌
D.锌电极是该电池的正极
5.氢氧燃料电池可以使用在航天飞机上，其反应原理示意图如图2-2-9。下列有关氢氧燃料电池的说法正确的是( )。
A.该电池工作时电能转化为化学能
B.该电池中电极a是正极
C.外电路中电子由电极b通过导线流向电极a
D.该电池的总反应：2H2+O2===2H2O
6.铅蓄电池的两极分别为Pb、PbO2，电解质溶液为H2SO4，电池放电时的反应为Pb+PbO2+2H2SO4===2PbSO4+2H2O，下列对电池放电时的分析正确的是( )。
A.Pb为正极被氧化
B.电子从PbO2 流向外电路
C.SO4(2-)向PbO2处移动
D.电解质溶液pH不断增大
7.乙醇俗称酒精，具有无毒、易储存、原料来源广泛等优点。以乙醇为原料制作的燃料电池，即乙醇燃料电池，相比于甲醇燃料电池在安全性方面具有很大优势。乙醇燃料电池的总反应式： C2H5OH+3O2―→2CO2+3H2O。下列说法不正确的是( )。
A.C2H5OH在电池的负极上参加反应
B.1 mol乙醇被氧化转移6 mol电子
C.在外电路中电子由负极沿导线流向正极
D.电池正极得电子的物质是O2
8.我国首创的海洋电池以铝板为负极，铂网为正极，海水为电解质溶液，空气中的氧气与铝反应产生电流。电池总反应为4Al+3O2+6H2O===4Al(OH)3。 下列说法不正确的是( )。
A.正极反应式为O2+2H2O+4e-===4OH-
B.电池工作时，电流由铝电极沿导线流向铂电极
C.以网状的铂为正极，可增大与氧气的接触面积
D.该电池通常只需更换铝板就可继续使用
9.一种新燃料电池，一极通入空气，另一极通入丁烷气体;电解质是掺杂氧化钇(Y2O3)的氧化锆(ZrO2)晶体，在熔融状态下能传导O2-。下列对该电池说法正确的是( )。
A.在熔融电解质中，O2-由负极移向正极
B.电池的总反应是2C4H10+13O2===8CO2+10H2O
C.通入空气的一极是正极，电极反应为O2+4e-===2O2-
D.通入丁烷的一极是正极，电极反应为C4H10+26e-+13O2-===4CO2+5H2O
10.镁燃料电池以镁合金作为电池的一极，另一极充入过氧化氢，电解质溶液是酸化的氯化钠溶液，放电时总反应为Mg+2H++H2O2===Mg2++2H2O。关于该电池说法正确的是( )。
A.镁合金作为电池的负极，发生还原反应
B.放电时H2O2在正极得电子，被还原
C.负极反应式为Mg-2e-===Mg2+
D.放电时正极附近溶液酸性增强
非选择题
11.铅蓄电池是化学电源，其电极材料分别是Pb和PbO2，电解液为硫酸，放电时该电池的总反应式为Pb+PbO2+2H2SO4===2PbSO4+2H2O。试根据上述信息回答下列问题：
(1)蓄电池的负极材料是__________。
(2)放电时，正极反应为________________________________________________________________________
(3)放电时，电解质溶液的pH________(填“增大”、“减小”或“不变”)。
(4)放电时，电解质溶液中阴离子移向________极。
(5)电流方向从________极流向________极。
12.镍氢电池是新型的可充电电池，它可以取代会产生镉污染的镍镉电池，镍氢电池的总反应式：1/2H2+NiO(OH)放电充电Ni(OH)2。根据此反应式判断，下列叙述不正确的是( )。
A.电池放电时，电池负极周围溶液的pH不断增大
B.电池放电时，镍元素被还原
C.电池充电时，是电能转化为化学能
D.电池放电时，H2是负极
13.微型纽扣电池在现代生活中是广泛应用的一种银锌电池，其电极分别是Ag2O和Zn，电解质溶液为KOH溶液，电极反应式分别为Zn+2OH--2e-===ZnO+H2O，Ag2O+H2O+2e-===2Ag+2OH-，电池总反应式为Ag2O+Zn===2Ag+ZnO。根据上述反应式，下列叙述中正确的是( )。
A.在使用过程中，电池负极区溶液pH增大
B.在使用过程中，电子由Ag2O极经外电路流向Zn极
C.在使用过程中，Zn电极发生还原反应，Ag2O电极发生氧化反应
D.外电路中每通过0.2 mol电子，正极的质量理论上减少1.6 g
14.如图2-2-10所示是某公司批量生产的笔记本电脑所用的甲醇燃料电池的构造示意图。 甲醇在催化剂作用下提供质子(H+)和电子，电子经外电路、质子经内电路到达另一极与氧气反应，该电池总反应式为2CH3OH+3O2===2CO2+4H2O。下列有关该电池的说法错误的是( )。
A.右边的电极为电池的负极，b处通入的是空气
B.左边的电极为电池的负极，a处通入的是甲醇
C.电池负极的反应式为2CH3OH+2H2O-12e-===2CO2+12H+
D.电池正极的反应式为3O2+12H++12e-===6H2O
15.高铁电池是一种新型可充电电池，与普通高能电池相比，该电池能长时间保持稳定的放电电压。高铁电池的总反应为3Zn+2K2FeO4+8H2O
放电充电3Zn(OH)2+2Fe(OH)3+4KOH。下列叙述不正确的是( )。
A.放电时负极反应为Zn-2e—+2OH—===Zn(OH)2
B.放电时正极反应为2FeO4(2-)+8H2O+6e-===2Fe(OH)3+10OH-
C.放电时每转移3 mol电子，正极有1 mol K2FeO4被氧化
D.放电时正极附近溶液的碱性增强
16.银器皿日久表面逐渐变为黑色，这是因为生成了硫化银，有人设计用原电池原理加以除去，其处理方法为将一定浓度的食盐溶液放入一铝制容器中，再将变黑的银器浸入溶液中，放置一段时间后，黑色会褪去而银不会损失。试回答：在此原电池反应中，
(1)负极反应式为___________________________________________________________;
正极反应式为_______________________________________________________________。
(2)反应过程中产生有臭鸡蛋气味的气体，则原电池总反应方程式为______________ __________________________________________________________。
17.将洁净的金属片Fe、Zn、A、B分别与Cu用导线连接浸在合适的电解质溶液里。实验并记录电压表指针的移动方向和电压表的读数如下表所示：
金属 | 电子流动方向 | 电压/V |
Fe | Fe→Cu | ＋0.78 |
Zn | Zn→Cu | ＋1.10 |
A | Cu→A | －0.15 |
B | B→Cu | ＋0.3 |
根据实验记录，完成以下填空：
(1)构成两电极的金属活动性相差越大，电压表的读数越__________(填“大”或“小”)。
(2)Zn、A、B三种金属活动性由强到弱的顺序是________________。
(3)Cu与A组成的原电池，__________为负极，此电极反应式为________________________。
参考答案：
1.A 2.B
3.C 解析：每转移8 mol电子，有3 mol水生成，现生成1.5 mol 水，转移电子为4 mol。
4.A 5.D 6.D
7.B 解析：由得失电子守恒，1 mol乙醇被氧化时，氧气转移12 mol电子，乙醇也应转移12 mol电子。
8.B 9.BC 10.BC
11.(1)Pb
(2)PbO2+SO4(2-)+4H++2e-===PbSO4+2H2O
(3)增大 (4)负 (5)正 负
12.A 解析：由电池总反应可以得到，放电时，H2作负极，发生氧化反应，负极反应：1/2H2-e-+OH-===H2O，此时负极区的pH减小。也可用排除法，NiO(OH)中Ni的化合价为+3，Ni(OH)2中Ni的化合价为+2，可知放电时化合价降低被还原;充电电池充电时将电能转化为化学能，而放电时是将化学能转化为电能;镍氢电池放电时氢气作负极。
13.D
14.A 解析：由电池示意图可知，左边的电极失电子，应为电池的负极，a处通入的气体应为甲醇，则右边的电极为电池的正极，b处通入的气体应为空气，所以A项错误。
15.C 解析：高铁电池放电(原电池)时的负极反应为3Zn+6OH—-6e—===3Zn(OH)2，正极反应为2FeO4(2-)+8H2O+6e-===2Fe(OH)3+10OH-，从而不难分析出答案为C。
16.(1)2Al-6e-===2Al3+ 3Ag2S+6e-===6Ag+3S2-
(2)3Ag2S+2Al+6H2O===6Ag+2Al(OH)3+3H2S↑
解析：铝作负极，Ag2S作正极，由“黑色褪去，而银不会损失”可知，Ag2S通过电化学反应生成Ag，则正极反应式为3Ag2S+6e-==6Ag+3S2-，负极反应式为2Al-6e-==2Al3+。
17.(1)大 (2)Zn>B>A
(3)Cu Cu-2e-===Cu2+
解析：由铜锌和铜铁两种原电池可知，活泼性相差越大，电压表示数越大。在原电池中，电子流向是负极流向正极，Cu与A组成的原电池，Cu作负极，发生氧化反应;而Cu与B组成的原电池，B作负极，活泼性：B>A。
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