PETS四级完型填空模拟试题三
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篇1:PETS四级完型填空模拟试题三
PETS四级完型填空模拟试题三
Grandma Moses is among the most celebreted twentieth-century painters of the United States,yet she __1_ painting before she was in her late seventies.As she once spoken __2_ herself:“ I would never sit back in a rocking chair,__3_ for some to help me.”No one could have a __4_ old age.
She was born Anna Mary Robertson _5__ a farm in New York State,one of five boys and girls.(“We came in bunches,_6__ radishes.”) At twelve she left home and was __7_ domestic service until ,at twnety-seven,she _8__ Thomas Moses,one of the hired hands of her employers.They farms most of their _9__,first in Virginia and then in New York State,_10__ Eagle Bridge.She had ten children,of _11__ five survived; her husband died in 1927.
Grandma Moses _12__ a little as a child and made embroidery pictures as a _13__, but only switched to oil in old age because her hands become too stiff __14_, and she wanted to keep busy and pass the time.Her _15__ were first sold at the local drugstore and at a fair, and were soon _16__ by a dealer who bought everything _17__ she painted.Three of the pictures were exhibition in the museum of Modern Art,and in 1940 she had her first exhibition in New York .__18_ the 1930s and her death she produced some pictures;detailed and lively portrayals of the _19__ life she had known for so long ,with a marvellous _20__ of color and form.“ I think real hard till think of something real pretty,and then I pain it.”she said.
1) A barely startedt B was barely strated
C had barely started D barely start
2) A about B of C on D over
3) A waiting B to waiting C and writing D am writing
4) A very productive B productive
C most productive D more productive
5) A in B at C on D about
6) A unlike B like C likely D unlikely
7) A for B in C at D under
8) A married with B married to C marry D married
9) A life B live C lives D lifes
10) A in B at C under D on
11) A whom B which C that D who
12) A worked B read C studied D painted
13) A job B fun C hobby D interest
14) A sewing B to sew C to sewing D to be sewing
15) A books B pictures C arts D clothes
16) A spotted B recognized C damaged D featured
17) A which B who C whom D that
18) A for B in C during D between
19) A urban B town C rural D suburban
20) A feeling B sense C consciousness D feature
参考答案:
1--5 CBADC
6--10 BBDCB
11--15 ADCBB
16--20 ADDCB
篇2:PETS四级完型填空模拟试题
关于PETS四级完型填空模拟试题
Although many governments try to convince their respective subjects that atomic energy is an acceptable alternative _1__ the burning of fossil fuels,no government has taken the least trouble to explain the dangers.Maybe they are __2_ them.__3_ the reason,the public must learn by experience,even though this _4__ may be catastrophic.
While it is true that nuclear reactors do not produce visible smoke,it is certainly not __5_ that they do not pollute.And the pollution they produce is much more insidious precisely because it is __6_.
__7_ inconvenient it may be for governments to publish all the facts,they have no moral excuse for not doing so,__8_ they think they are acting in our best interest.At least some of the facts are known,even though they are not widely reported.
Nuclear reactors produce radioactive water and gases in vast _9__.What __10_ all this waste?It is __11_ concrete tanks and stored on tank farms.It is __12_ in disused salt mines.It is run into fractured rock.It is buried.It is __13_ about in special trains.But even when dumped,it has to be kept __14_ by sprinklers to stop it from boiling.And the contents of the tanks are,of course,extremely corrosive.The efforts of a fracture in the tank or a failure of the cooling system would be _15__.
While every effort is made to _16__ that radioactive wastes do not excape into the sea or _17__ supplies of drinking water,such a leakage would be too horrible __18_ contemplate.But even then ,governments would presumably continue to belittle the hazards.
It seems that __19_ governments can get away with not telling the truth,they will continue to keep silent.Nevertheless the people _20__ to know the full facts.Do you know what happens to the radioactive waste in your country?No?Well—find out!
1) A for B with C to D instead of
2) A unaware of B aware of C unaware from D aware from
3) A however B whatever C whenever D wherever
4) A experiment B government C danger D experience
6) A visible B invisible C disvisible D unvisible
5) A unture B unreal C true D distrue
7) A however B whatever C whenever D wherever
8) A even B if even C if D even if
9) A numbers B quality C quantities D degree
10) A happens to B happen to C happened to D happening to
11) A put down B put into C put up D puto onto
12) A stored B storing C being stored D to be stored
13) A transporting B transport C being transported D transported
14) A hot B cooled C cool D to cool
15) A disaster B danger C a disaster D disastrous
16) A reassure B ensure C convince D assure
17) A in front of B behind C forward D into
18) A against B that C to D too
19) A as long as B as well as C as good as D as smart as
20) A has a right B with a right C having a right D have a right
答案:
1--5 CABDC
6--10 BADCA
11--15 BADCD
16--20 BDCAD
篇3:PETS完型填空解题技巧
完型填空的基本解题原则是从已知信息中寻找定位出所有与未知填空相关联的信息线索,通过综合分析这些线索推测未知填空的答案。因此,我们在这里总结一些具有普遍性的寻找定位相关已知线索的方法和规律。这些方法更多地适用于动词、名词、形容词和副词等实词。
1.根据文章的中心主线,采用无关字排除法。
完型文章一般都有非常明确的中心主线,且整个文章很紧凑,就是紧紧围绕着中心主线展开。因此,理论上正确的选项一定是紧扣文章的主题和中心主线的。故而,一些看上去明显和文章主题和中心主线毫无关系的选项基本上可以排除在正确答案之外。
2.依据文章的导向,采用同现做题法。
同现是一种词汇的衔接手段。完型文章由于常常有明确的中心主线,所以作者往往会使用一些重点词汇围绕着中心主线贯穿全文。同现实际上就是一组具有相同倾向性的词语,这些词语所表现的倾向性往往与中心主线中的导向一致,或者说这些同现词语的任务就是对文章的导向进行展开支持。因此,文章的整体导向这个已知线索可以成为解出这些同现词语的关键信息。
3.查找形成复现概念的已知词。
复现是完型文章中词汇的另一种衔接手段,即表达相同意思的词汇在文章的不同地方出现。复现可以是相同的词重复出现,也可以是用不同的词表达相同的意思。复现的解题意义在于:如果判断出一个未知填空与上下文的那些已知词汇有复现关系,只要从选项中选出与那些词汇意义相同的就是正确答案。
4.利用关联成分。
关联是完型文章中经常出现的一种结构,即将两个或两个以上的同类别词语,比如两个动词、两个形容词以连续排比的结构出现。在这种情况下,两个关联词汇在句子中的语法地位一样,且常常起一样的语法作用,之间又明显具有某种逻辑关系。关联的解题意义在于:出题人一般会将一个关联词语设置成已知信息,另一个是未知的,这样那个已知的词语便成为破解未知词语的关键线索。
5.总分结构对照法。
由于总分之间的基本关系是互相支持,互相印证的对照关系,而且总述是对分述的总结和概括,而分述是对总述的展开。当一些未知填空出现在总述句时,解出这些填空的相关联已知线索往往可以在与其对应的分述部分找到。
6.时间线索。
完型文章中出现的时间信息一般都是非常有用的线索,因为只要通过分析这些时间线索就可以很快把握与这些时间线索联系在一起的信息之间的关系。
考生可以参照一下几个编者精解的典型例题,反复揣摩上述命题思路和解题技巧。
经典例题
comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. yet much has happened 21. as was discussed before, it was not 22 the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic 23, following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the 24 of the periodical. it was during the same time that the communications revolution 25 up, beginning with transport, the railways and leading 26 through the telegraph, the telephone, radio and motion pictures 27 the 20th century world of the motor car and the airplane. not everyone sees that process in 28. it is important to do so.
it is generally recognized, 29, that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century, 30 by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the process, 31 its impact on the media was not immediately 32. as time went by, computers became smaller and more powerful, and they became personal too, as well as 33 , with display becoming sharper and storage 34 increasing. they were thought of, like people, 35 generations, with the distance between generations much 36.
it was within the computer age that the term information society began to be widely used to describe the 37 within which we now live. the communications revolution has 38 both work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time, but there have been 39 views about its economic, political, social and cultural implications. benefits have been weighed 40 harmful outcomes. and generalizations have proved difficult.
21.[a]between[b]before[c]since[d]later
22.[a]after[b]by[c]during[d]until
23.[a]means[b]method[c]medium[d]measure
24.[a]process[b]company[c]light[d]form
25.[a]gathered[b]speeded[c]worked[d]picked
26.[a]on[b]out[c]over[d]off
27.[a]of[b]for[c]beyond[d]into
28.[a]concept[b]dimension[c]effect[d]perspective
29.[a]indeed[b]hence[c]however[d]therefore
30.[a]brought[b]followed[c]stimulated[d]characterized
31.[a]unless[b]since[c]lest[d]although
32.[a]apparent[b]desirable[c]negative[d]plausible
33.[a]institutional[b]universal[c]fundamental[d]instrumental
34.[a]ability[b]capability[c]capacity[d]faculty
35.[a]by means of[b]in terms of[c]with regard to[d]in line with
36.[a]deeper[b]fewer[c]nearer[d]smaller
37.[a]context[b]range[c]scope[d]territory
38.[a]regarded[b]impressed[c]influenced[d]effected
39.[a]competitive[b]controversial[c]distracting[d]irrational
40.[a]above[b]upon[c]against[d]with
名师精解
文章前几句的大概内容是说,人们总是把20世纪电视的发展与15世纪和16世纪印刷术的传播相比较。然而其间有很多的事情发生。直到19世纪,伴随着小册子、书籍以及期刊的兴起,报纸才成为前电子时代主要的媒体。
21.[a]根据句子前后逻辑关系和前一句时间状语的提示。between这里意思指20世纪与15世纪和16世纪之间。[b]before、[c]since和[d]later三项显然都不能全面表达这个意思。
22.[d]根据是词组固定搭配。it was not until...直到……才……
it is i that have lunch with my wife.
it is lunch that i have sith my sife.
it is with my wife that i have lunch.
强调句型常和until混在一起
直到早上九点商店才开门。the shop is not open until 9 o'clock.
it is until 9 o'clock that the shop is not open.
it is not until 9 o'clock that the shop is open.
23.[c]medium 媒体media 媒体的总称
24.[b]根据词义和搭配。in the company of伴随着,和……一起。[a]process过程,进程,后面搭配多是表示行动的词。[c]light用在短语in a new light以新的见解,come to light出现,显露。[d]form形式,形状。
25.[b]gather up 聚集 work up 逐步建立
pick up 接某人,捡…… speed up 加速
25题以后是分述,采用的是分词形式。
26.[a]根据句子意思和词语搭配。on这里表示持续性,这句话意思是交通和通讯技术革命一直占据领先位置。
27.[d]根据句子意思和词语用法。into表示时间进入20世纪
28.[d]根据词语搭配和句子意思。perspective观点,看法,固定短语in perspective观察合理地,看法适当地。例子:judge sb.'s role in perspective合理地评价某人的作用。[a]concept观念,概念。[b]dimension尺度,维度。[c]effect结果,效果。
29.[c]根据句子意思和词语用法。however插入在句子中间,用逗号与句子前后隔开,表示转折,然而,可是。[a]indeed表示让步,当然,确实。[b]hence要与句子连用,不隔开,因此,从此。[d]therefore用在句子开头,it is generally recognaized 公认的是。30题所在的句子为插入成分29题所在的句子为一标准的判断句;而29题所在的地方为转折。
30.[b]根据句子意思。followed伴随,随后。[a]brought、[c]stimulated和[d]characterize不符合句子意思。integrated circuit 集成电路 根据时间线索也只能为b。
31.[d]根据句子逻辑关系。选项连接的两个句子表示让步关系。although(尽管,虽然)引导的从句中出现的否定词not可以看作是提示线索的标志词。[a]unless除非,表示条件。[b]since因为,既然,表示原因。[c]lest惟恐,以免,引导虚拟语气从句。
32.[a]根据句子意思。apparent明显的。[b]desirable想要的,值得的。[c]negative消极的,否定的。[d]plausible似是而非的,似乎合理的。
33.[a]根据句子逻辑关系和词义。institutional制度上的,与句子中personal相对。这里处在一种排比结构当中。修饰计算机的三个词是:smaller powerful personal[b]universal普遍的,通用的。[c]fundamental基础的,基本的。[d]instrumental工具性的。
34.[c]根据是词语用法和搭配。storage capacity容量。[a]ability能力,才干。[b]cap实际能力,性能。[d]faculty才能,本领。
with display becoming sharper 是独立主格结构
分词结构:是跟在一句话之后的由分词开头的结构,它的左右是对前面的句子进行补充修饰说明。这个结构的特点是它一定有逻辑主语而且这个主语一定是前面句子的主语。
独立主格结构:跟在一个句子之后,对前面的句子进行补充修饰说明,其与分词结构的观点不同点在于,它有自己的主语而分词结构没有自己的主语。
35.[b]根据句子意思和惯用法。in terms of就……而言,从……方面说。[a]by means of通过……方法(手段)。[c]with regard to关于。[d]in line with与……一致,符合……。
36.[d]根据句子意思和词语修饰关系。smaller在句子中修饰distance。这里也是一个独立主格结构。主语是the distance[a]deeper、[b]fewer和[c]nearer都不能和distance构成修饰关系。
37.[a]根据是句子意思和词义。前后夹击的结构,这两个词都表示范围,但是都只是表示平面的范围context 语境——社会大环境。[b]range范围,领域。[c]scope活动范围,机会,余地。[d]territory 表示一个疆域
38.[c]根据句子意思和词语搭配。influenced和主语revolution以及后面的三个宾语搭配,意思通顺。其他三项都不能兼顾这些修饰关系。[a]regarded当作,看作,重视。[b]impressed留下印象。[d]effected招致,实行,达到。effected 没有这个affect 影响(负面的影响)influenced 中性的影响
39.[b]根据句子意思和词语用法。文章在这里进入了一个新的意群。这是个转折句,controversial views有争议的观点,不相同的看法。[a]competitive竞争的。competing 互相竞争[c]distracting分配的。[d]irrational无理性的,失去理性的。
40.[c]根据句子意思和词语搭配。weighed在句子的意思是权衡,比较。
篇4:成人高考专升本《英语》完型填空模拟试题
成人高考专升本《英语》完型填空模拟试题
One of the most remarkable things about the human mind is our ability to imagine the future、In our (1)we can see what has not yet happeneD、For example, while we are looking forward to(2) a new place or country, we (3)what it will be like、We predict( 预料) the (4) people will eat, dress and act、Of course, we do not always predict things (5 )、Things are often very different from the way we (6) them to be、
One of the (7) dreams in history is the dream of the German scientist, Kekule, who had been (8) to work out a very difficult problem in physics、He had (9) and analyzed(分析) the problem from every angle(角度) for days, but there (10) to be no way of (11) out the answer、Then one night he went to bed and dreameD、When he (12) up, he realized that he knew the answer、He had solved the problem in his (13)、
The hypnotist(催眠者)sat in the chair opposite him and spoke (14) _: I want you to concentrate on my voice、Think about (15) 、You know nothing but my voice、And as you pay attention to my voice, your (16) will get heavier、Soon you’ll be asleep、
You will hear my voice and (17) my words, but your body will be asleep, your eyes are too heavy、You are (18) asleep, and when you wake up you will (19) nothing、
You will forget everything、Now I am going to (20) slowly from one to five、One, two, three, four, five、
1、A、brains B、senses C、minds D、sights
2、A、visiting B、seeking C、reaching D、discovering
3、A、imagine B、know C、feel D、guess
4、A、custom B、habit C、style D、way
5、A、quickly B、simply C、correctly D、neatly
6、A、required B、wished C、left D、expected
7、A、funny B、dull C、famous D、silly
8、A、managing B、trying C、thinking D、hoping
9、A、studied B、learned C、discussed D、researched
10、A、used B、ought C、seemed D、had
11、A、making B、finding C、turning D、letting
12、A、gave B、sat C、woke D、got
13、A、dream B、lesson C、research D、exercise
14、A、softly B、loudly C、slowly D、firmly
15、A、everything B、something C、nothing D、anything
16、A、eyes B、feet C、head D、body
17、A、believe B、repeat C、take D、understand
18、A、really B、extremely C、actually D、almost
19、A、accept B、remember C、hear D、receive
20、A、count B、say C、add D、speak
参考答案及解析
1~5 CAADC 6~10 DCBAC 11~15 BCAAC 16~20 ADDBA
1、选C。brain 大脑。
2、选A。此处强调过程,另三个词系短暂动词,不能这样用。
3、选A。imagine表示一种心理描绘,与look forward to,predict 和expect 等词意相吻合。
4、选D。这里强调的是行为方式。此外,第6个空格前重现了类似的表达方式。
5、选C。情况经常与我们预计的不同,说明我们的'预计不总是“正确的”。
6、选D。四个选项中只有expect与predict 同义。
7、选C。开普勒的梦不具有 funny,dull和silly的特征。
8、选B。从下文来看,已成功地解决了问题,而不是“想”、“希望”去做,而是“尽力”去做。
9、选A。“研究”与“分析”是紧密相联的。study 此处意为“研究”。research作“研究”讲时,若接宾语,须加上介词on 或into。
10、选C。“好象没有办法”。
11、选B。find out 意为“弄清”、“找出”。其余三个词组不合文意。
12、选C。wake up“醒来”,符合情节发展的进程:睡觉――做梦――醒来。
13、选A。由前文可知,他是在“梦”中解决了难题。
14、选A。softly意为 gently and slowly,这是催眠者对催眠对象应该采用的方式。
15、选C。从前后句来看,催眠者希望他什么也不要想。
16、选A。从下文your eyes are too heavy一句中可得到暗示。
17、选D。听到并且“理解”合乎逻辑。
18、选D。almost asleep意为迷迷糊糊地睡着了,从眼皮沉重,还有简单的思维活动来看,不能说是完全睡着了。
19、选B。这里的remember nothing等于下一句中的forget everything。
20、选A。后面列举的一、二、三、四、五这一串数字,表明“计数”已经开始。
篇5:四级的完型填空技巧
四级的完型填空技巧
完型填空是大学英语四级考试的一个组成部分。《大学英语四级考试大纲》指出:“完型填空部分的目的是测试学生综合运用语言的能力”,也即理解篇章和使用词汇和语法的能力。大学英语四级考试采用的完型填空题是:“在一篇题材熟悉、难度适中的短文(约200词)内留有20个空白,每个空白为一题,每题有四个选择项,要求考生在全面理解内容的基础上选择一个最佳答案,使短文的意识和结构恢复完整”。 现归纳四级完型填空的特点如下:
1、这项考试首先是测试考生对篇章的理解能力。虽然所给出的文章被抽去了20个词,但是整篇文章的内容仍是可以理解的。如果考生不能理解文章内容,就难以将正确的词填入文中。这也就是完型填空题与以单句形式考核词汇和语法的实体的根本区别。由此可见,考生在作题时必须时刻从上下文考虑,不应该只看到所添的词在短语或句子内是否可行。因此,在作题时最好将全文通读一下,了解了全文的`意识以后在作题。
2、这项考试还测试考生使用词汇和语法结构的能力。文章中留出的每一个空格要求填入一个词。考试大纲规定:“填空的词项包括结构词和实义词”。结构词(也称虚词,有代词、冠词、介词、连词、关系词等)主要是表示语法结构关系的,在选用结构词时便需要考虑在语法上是否恰当。对实义词(名词、形容词、数词、动词和副词)的选择既要看其意思用在句中是否得当,也要看它与其他词的搭配关系是否合适。
3、首句一般没有空格,对于首句应该给与足够的重视,因为往往它就是中心句或是引导句,它的时态往往决定了全文的时态,所以多花一点时间看首句是值得的。
4、然后以句子为单位一句一句地读,一句一句地填空,主要考虑语法、句意、逻辑和上下文联系。暂时填不出来的就空在那里。
5、最后通读一遍,完成没有填的空,再看看填的顺不顺,不顺的地方大胆修改。
篇6:PETS四级口语考试模拟试题
PETS四级口语考试模拟试题
Part A
Interlocutor:
1,Good morning/afternoon. Could I have your mark sheets, please? Thank you.(Hand over the mark sheets to the Assessor)
2,My name is ……and this is my colleague …… He/she is just going to be listening to us. So, you are …… and ……? Thank you.
3,First of all we'd like to know something about you, so I'm going to ask some questions about yourselves.(Select one or more questions from each of the following categories as appropriate.)
Hometown:
1,Where are you from?
2,How long have you lived there?
3,What's it like living there?
Family
· What can you tell me about your family? Work / Study
· Can you tell me something about your work or studies?(To a student)
· What do you specialize in?
· What do you enjoy most about your studies?
· What subject(s) do you like best?
· Have you ever worked during the vacation?
· What kind of job did you do?
· How did you like it?(To an adult who already has a job)
· What job do you do?
· Do you like it? And why?
· What qualifications did you need in order to get your “job”? Leisure
· Do you have any hobbies?
· How did you become interested in (whatever hobby the candidate enjoys)?
· Which do you prefer, watching TV or going to the cinema? What sort of program / film do you like to watch?
· What kinds of sports are you interested in? Why?
· What kinds of music do you enjoy most? Why?
· How do you usually spend your holidays?
· Is there anywhere you would particularly like to visit? Why? Future Plans
· What do you hope to do in your professional life in the next few years?
· How important is English for your future plans? And please give reasons to support your view.
Part B
Interlocutor:
· Now I'd like you to talk about something between yourselves but speak so that we can hear you. You should take care to share the opportunity of speaking.(Put the picture in front of both candidates and give instructions with reference to the picture.)
· You have a very close friend whose birthday is coming. Discuss each of the choices shown in the picture and decide which you'd like to choose for celebrating his birthday. Give reasons for your decision.
· This picture is for your reference.
· You have three minutes for this.
· Would you like to begin now, please?
Part C
Interlocutor:
· I'm going to give each of you a picture and I'd like you to first briefly describe and then give your comment on what you see in the picture.(Put Picture 1 in front of both candidates)
· Candidate A, this is your picture. You have three minutes to talk about it.
· Candidate B, listen carefully while Candidate A is speaking. When he/she has finished, I'd like you to ask him/her a question about what he/she has said.
· Candidate A, would you like to begin now, please?
Candidate A: (three minutes)
Interlocutor:
· Thank you. Now, Candidate B, could you please ask your partner a question?
(Half a minute for asking and answering the question)
(Take back Picture 1 and put Picture 2 in front of both candidates)
· Ok, Candidate B, here is your picture. You also have three minutes to talk about your picture.
· Candidate A, listen carefully while Candidate B is speaking. When he/she is finished, I'd like you to ask him/her a question about what he/she has said.
· Candidate B, would you like to begin now, please?
Candidate B: (Three minutes) Interlocutor:
· Thank you. Now, Candidate A, could you please ask your partner a question? (Half a minute for asking and answering the question)
· Thank you. That is the end of the test.
篇7:大学英语四级完型填空解题技巧
1. 利用段首句或首段最大限度地获取信息
出题者在设计完形填空试题时,总是保留一个完整的、或是大半个完整的表达主旨的句子。文章的开头很重要,往往开宗明义点出文章主题。因此,整篇文章的提示句往往在开头。考生应充分利用段首句提供的信息,去挖掘文章的思路,寻找文章的脉络与线索,更从而易于理解文章内容。
2.理解领会文章各部分、各层次之间的逻辑关系
只有明白文章结构,了解各段落之间的关系,才能加深对文章的理解。明白了各部分是如何为表现主题思想服务的,也就更容易把握带空的句子所需要的是什么内容,因此就更容易选准答案了。文章的逻辑关系不外乎列举、原因、结果、让步、对照、补充、目的、条件等关系。
表 示列举的连词:first, second, third…; firstly, secondly, thirdly…; first, next, then…; in the first place, in the second place…; for one thing, …;to begin with, to conclude…
表示原因的连词:because, since, as, now that…,
表示结果的连词:so, therefore, thus, hence, accordingly, consequently, as a result
表示让步和转折的连词:however, nevertheless, nonetheless, still, though, yet, in spite of, at any rate, in any case, whoever, whatever
表示对照的连词:on the contrary, in contrast, by contrast, in comparison, by comparison, conversely
表 示补充的连词:also, further, furthermore, likewise, similarly, moreover, in addition, what’s more, too, either, neither, not…but…, not only…but also…
表示时间顺序的连词:when, while, as, after, before, since, until, as soon as, once
表示目的的连词:that, so that, in order that, lest, for fear that
表 示条件的连词:if, suppose (that), supposing (that), unless, in case, so (as) long as, so far as, on condition (that), provided (that), providing (that)
3.利用上下文寻找解题信息
由于完形填空的文章是一个意义相关联的语篇,围绕一个话题论述,因此在行 文中词语的重复、替代、复现和同现现象是不可避免的。根据这个原则,某一个空格所对应的答案很可能就是在上下文中复现或同现的相关词,考生可以根据这些词 之间的有机联系来确定答案。所以,解题时应联系上下文寻找相关线索,如某一个词的原词、指代词、同义词、近义词、上义词、下义词和概括词等。但由于我们在 做题时不可能总是重复地阅读文章,因此,在做完形填空时要培养一种捕捉并记忆相关信息的能。
4.运用词汇、语法等方面的语言知识及搭配关系解题方法
逻辑搭配:包括过渡词、连接手段、指代关系、肯定、否定等;
语义搭配:包括区别同义词、近义词、反义词、形近异义词、同形异义词;
结构搭配:指名词、动词、形容词等在句中或文中与其他词的搭配;
惯用搭配:即通常所说的固定短语。
5.运用排除法解题方法
如果不能很有把握地直接看出某一道题的.答案,可以把排除法和词汇、语法分析结合起来运用,从而缩小选择的范围,提高答题准确率。这种情况有以下几种:
A 从时态、语态、语气、名词的数等各个角度分析所填内容是否与上下文一致,从而排除一些备选答案,缩小选择范围;
B 分析空白处与前后词之间的语义关联、搭配关系,从而排除一些选项;
C 弄清楚该题的句法关系,分析一下它是简单句、并列句,还是复合句;
D 判断所填的内容在句中充当什么成分,应是什么词性,并分析备选答案之间的异同,从而排除干扰项选出正确答案。
6. 运用背景知识和社会常识解题方法
解答完形填空题时,有时文章中提供的信息还不够,还需要我们把符合常识的一些知识信息结合选出符合常识的最佳答案。因此,知识范围越广,对文章的理解就越容易,整体上知道所选短文在说什么,那么局部上的每一个空填起来也会得心应手。
考场建议:
1. 拿到题目,首先从语法和词汇角度考虑,因为语法考察要占70%以上(其中有与词汇考察相交部分),每一题必然是考某一个语法点。掌握语法结构和规则,记住短语搭配,用熟悉的短语去推断正确的答案。
2. 从语法着手不行之后,在从句意着手,透彻理解句子的意思。
3.重视第一印象,总是第一反应,因为第一反应往往来自于语感。
4.先易后难,容易的熟悉的题要一跳而过,难题也不要多花时间,先猜一个答案,(以记),再在题目前做一个记号,等到检查时,再考虑。也许在做其它题目时,你会得到某种启示。
篇8:大学英语四级完型填空解题技巧
一、完型的具体答题步骤分几步?
1、通读全文,掌握大意
①细读全文首句。首句通常不设空格,因此它往往是了解文章全貌的窗口。
②理清文章总体结构,掌握全文大意。
2、逐句细读,前后推敲
①先易后难,初定答案,解题时,充分利用自己的词汇语法结构和语篇知识,逐题确定答案、按照先句法后语法/语义/逻辑关系及固定搭配的顺序从各个角度考虑。不会的题目先跳过。
②前后参照,寻找线索。对于较难题目要反复阅读空格前后的句子,联系上下文,寻找语境线索和提示。
3、复读全文,补缺检查
填空全部完成后,还要通读一遍,检查是否前后贯通、内容清楚、主题突出。复读过程中,如果有某些地方意义含混或矛盾,就应该依据文章的中心意思来重新考虑。凡不通之处,必有待推敲的疑点。应从意义和语法两个角度仔细权衡,加以改正,以便弥补疏漏。
二、完形填空快速解题技巧
1、排除法
如果不能很有把握地直接选出某一道题的答案,可以先利用排除法将各选项代入空白处,排除明显不符题意的选项,从而缩小选择的范围。具体来讲,可以利用如下线索:
(1)判断所填词在句中充当什么成份,应是什么词性,从而排除干扰选项。
(2)利用上下文的时态、语态和语气排除不符合要求的干扰选项。
(3)利用名词的数来判断各选项是否符合句子要求。
(4)寻找与空白处构成搭配的词语,从而排除不能与其搭配的选项。
(5)将各选项代入空白处将句子译成汉语,排除明显不能使句子通顺的选项。
2、寻找固定搭配或习惯用法
运用词汇间的搭配关系经常可以无需理解上下文而直接确定答案,即使确定不了答案也往往可以排除一些明显不符合搭配关系的选项缩小选择范围,提高准确率。
3、理清所在句子结构
理清句子的语法结构对解答完型填空题来说尤其重要,这不仅仅限于直接考查语法结构的题目,在解答那些不是针对语法结构而设置的题目时,考生也必须仔细分析每个句子的语法结构,从而理解句子的含义和上下文之间的逻辑关系,最终在空白处填入正确的词。
擅用近义词与反义词
在四级完形填空中会出现一些原词重复,或是表达相反的意思。考生在理清句子结构的基础上,理解句子的含义和上下文之间的逻辑关系,填入正确的近义词或反义词。
篇9:大学英语四级完型填空解题技巧
完形填空题,就是试题中的Cloze部分,在历来的考试中被认为是难点中的难点,十几个空中只做对四五个的不乏其人。究其难点根源,主要还是因为完形填空需要从整体上去把握语篇,除了语法和固定搭配,它更注重考查对整篇材料的理解。而在最初阅读整篇材料时,材料又是不完整的,很多词被空了出来让考生去选择,这无疑为考生理解全篇又增加了难度。对原文理解不透彻,就为做题增加了困难。总之,整个阅读理解的解题过程,似乎就是在雾里看花,而拨开迷雾找到答题关键,还是有规律可循的。
大学英语四级考试采用的完形填空题是:在一篇题材熟悉、难度适中的短文(约220-250词)内留有20个空白,每个空白为一题,每题有四个选择项,要求考生在全面理解内容的基础上选择一个最佳答案,使短文的意思和结构恢复完整。 从历年考题分析,完形填空的文章内容、文章体裁等都具有鲜明的特点。所选体裁涵盖议论文、说明文和记叙文。这些文章篇幅适中,结构严谨,文笔简练,具有很高的区分度和典型性,是考查学生真正语言能力的较好的题目。最近几年的完形文章往往选取反映社会时事、介绍英美社会热点话题的内容。从体裁上看主要是议论文和说明文,记叙文所占的比重较小。从文章内容来看,完形填空的题材较为广泛,涉及到生活的各个方面。
完形填空的试题设计主要有以下特点:
1. 全文所设置的20个空白的间隔有的词多,有的词少。其原因是设置空白需要根据语言点和考点。
2. 从选项来看,每小题的4个选项一般都属于相同或对等的词类或结构,属于同一范畴。20个小题的80个选项中所用到的词汇或结构基本不重复,以期增大考查的覆盖面。
3. 从考查能力的'重点看,是以考查对文章的通篇理解和词汇意义为主。单纯从语法角度命制的题不多,一般需要考生把握上下文语境的逻辑关系,掌握一定的常识,理解词语的搭配等。
总体上讲,完形填空主要考查考生对语段的连贯性和一致性等特征的辨识能力,以及对一定语境中规范的语言成分的掌握,是对考生综合运用语言能力的大检验。
一般而言,解答完形填空遵循如下步骤:
1、通读全文,明确主旨
做题之前,首先要快速通读全文,从语篇角度掌握文章的基本内容。切忌读一句填一句,望文生义,盲目猜测,以致造成判断失误。阅读时尤其要注意全文的第一句话。第一句一般不留空,它既能让考生了解文章的主题,又是对下文的重要提示。
2、先整体,后局部
由于完形填空的题目是以语篇为基础精心设计出来的,因此应先准确把握整篇短文的含义以及上下文的逻辑关系,而不要先将注意力集中在四个选项上,这会阻碍对全句、全文的理解,延误答题时间,降低答题效率。
3、先易后难,捕捉信息词
在阅读段落、了解基本内容的前提下,自上而下逐一选择,是正确的解题思路。但有时考生会遇到很难确定的选择,这时可先跳过此题,将易选之项选出,提高文章的完整性,减少缺失信息的空格数;待阅读到下文获取更多信息时,再回过头来处理未选之项。
对某些选项把握不大时,尤其要注意捕捉信息词作为解题线索,利用已知线索推出未知信息。完形填空的题目都可或多或少地从上下文中找到或隐或现的线索或提示。
4、检查核对
20个选项全部完成后,要认真仔细检查。有必要快速通读已选填好的全文,将答案带入文中,根据语汇词义、语法结构、语篇逻辑三条线索检查选项是否符合上下文含义,与作者观点是否一致,语法关系(包括人称、搭配、时态、语态、单复数等等)是否正确。
以上所介绍的是完形填空的命题特点及解题技巧,只是一般的原则和方法;要想将这些方法熟练地应用于解题过程中,还要经过大量的实践和不断的总结。
总体说来,大学英语四级考试的完形填空所测试的内容大致分为4类:1)语境词汇题;2)固定搭配题;3)语法结构题;4)逻辑推理题。
在大学英语四级考试的完形填空中,词汇辨义题占大多数,一般都占30%,固定搭配与语法结构一般都各占20%-25%,逻辑推理题占20%。
篇10:大学英语四级完型填空解题技巧
大学英语四级考试完形填空的命题思想是将词汇用法作为重点,以 篇章理解为基础,考核学生的语法知识和对词汇的运用能力。根据这一命题思想,我们可以有针对性地、比较系统地对考查的试题类型进行分类,根据各种题型的不同特点应用不同的答题技巧和方法。
1、语境词汇题
大学英语四级考试完形填空对词汇的考查在很大程度上与上下文的语境有关,也就是填入哪个单词要依赖于试题的上文或下文,从已知信息中推论出未知信息,这是大学英语四级考试完形填空考查的重点和方向,同时要注意填入的单词和周围单词的语义搭配问题。
为了达到文章衔接和连贯的目的,文章中的词汇会通过不同的方式复现出来。词汇的复现关系指的是某一词以原词、同义词、近义词、上义词、下义词、概括词或其他形式重复出现在语篇中,语篇中的句子通过这种复现关系达到了相互衔接。词汇的复现关系又可分为原词复现、同义词或近义词复现、上下义词复现和概括词复现四类。我们可以利用词汇在文章中的复现关系来解答完形填空试题。
1)原词复现
原词复现是指相同的单词在原文中反复出现,达到文章衔接的目的,我们可以利用这种衔接方法找到要填入的单词在原文中的同现词,也就找到了试题的答案。
Wise buying is a positive way in which you can make your money go further. The 67 go about purchasing an article or a service can actually save you money or can add to the cost。(2004.12)
67.A) formal B) way C) method D) fashion
【解析】试题所在句子的含义是购买物品或服务的实际上会让你省钱或者增加成本。句中的单词purchasing 是第一句buying 的同义词复现。并且第二句话和第一句话之间是并列关系,因此第67题的答案也在第一句话中,是单词way的原词复现,因此选B)。
2)同义词或近义词复现
同义词复现是指相同或相近的单词在原文中反复出现,以达到文章衔接的目的。在完形填空试题中,就可以利用这种衔接方式找到要填入单词的同义词或者近义词,也就找到了试题的答案。这也包括了同源词复现,即相同词根构成的不同词性的单词在文章中反复出现。
The way you go about purchasing an article or a service can actually save you money or can add to the cost Before you buy an expensive 84, or a service, do check the price(2004.12)
84.A) item B) element C) particle D) component
【解析】本题所在的短语buy an expensive和上文中的purchasing an article是同义关系。 要填入的单词是单词article(物品)的同义词,因此选项A)是正确答案。
3)反义词复现
反义词复现是指和前文中词义相反的单词在原文中出现,以达到文章衔接的目的。我们可以利用文章的这一衔接手段在文章中寻找要填入单词的反义词。
Forcing yourself to recall (almost) never helps because it doesnt 81 your memory; it only tightens it。(1995.1)
81. A) loosen B) weaken C) decrease D) reduce
【解析】前后两部分互为解释,一为肯定,一为否定,为反义复现。从下文的tighten可以判断,上文应该是选loosen。
2、固定搭配题
固定搭配题在完形填空中占了15%左右的比重,在大学英语四级考试完形填空中主要考查的固定搭配题包括对动词短语、名词短语、形容词短语、介词短语的考查。我们平时应积累和掌握尽可能多的固定短语,只有这样才能在这一部分得到高分。《大学英语四级考试强化集训完形翻译》一书的附录里就总结了大量常考短语请大家参考。
They are 79 of free fresh fruit. They want to get back to their herds and start farming again。(2007.6)
79. A) seeking B) dreaming C) longing D) searching
【解析】题目中空格后为of,四个选项中seek常与for,after搭配,long与for搭配,dream与of搭配,search与for搭配。因此选项B)为正确答案。
3、语法结构题
大学英语四级考试完形填空常考的语法项目有:动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词、定语从句、宾语从句、虚拟语气、倒装结构等。在近几年的考试中对各种从句的考查频率较多,请大家注意。做这一类题除了要有系统准确的语法知识之外,还要注意上下文的逻辑关系和语篇内容,这样才能确保答案的正确。
We started thinking of 86 to do about it, says Eric Shashoua, chief executive officer of Axon Sleep Research Laboratories。(2006.6)
86. A) what B) how C) whether D) when
【解析】本题考查宾语从句的用法。在名词性从句中,what要作语法成分,作主语或宾语。同时宾语从句的引导词可以放在不定式的前面,形成引导词加不定式的特殊结构,因此选A)。
4、逻辑推理题
完形填空考查的是一种综合能力,而不仅仅是对词汇和语法的考查。对句子之间逻辑关系的判断也是完形填空考查的重点。逻辑关系主要包括因果关系、列举关系、解说关系、分类关系、比较关系、对照关系等。解答逻辑推理题需要理顺要填入的逻辑关系词前后文的语义,从中判断两句话之间的关系。
One third thought Columbus reached the New World after 1750. Two thirds cannot correctly lock the Civil War between 1850 and 1900. 71 when they get the answers right, some are just guessing. (2004.6)
71.A) Even B) Though C) Thus D) So
【解析】根据上文说三分之二的人不能正确判断内战发生在1850年到1900年之间。下文又说即使他们说出了正确答案,一些人也仅仅是猜测。所以此处用副词even 即使也,以加强语气。
以上也只是从理论上总结了完形填空的一些答题技巧,真正的提高还需要在平日里多做练习。
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