动词不定式是什么
“tance08”通过精心收集，向本站投稿了7篇动词不定式是什么，下面小编为大家整理后的动词不定式是什么，欢迎阅读与借鉴!
篇1：动词不定式是什么
在一些语言里（例如葡萄牙语），存在受时态、人称和数量影响的不定式形态。亦有些语言完全没有不定式，例如阿拉伯语、保加利亚语和现代希腊语。
在英语学习的课程中，动词不定式的一般现在时被称作“词典用词”，因为它一般被用作词典中该动词的词头。
动词不定式在句中可以作句子除谓语之外的任何句子成分，但它毕竟是动词，所以有动词的属性。
动词不定式及其短语还可以有自己的'宾语、状语，虽然动词不定式在语法上没有表面上的直接主语，但它表达的意义是动作，这一动作一定由使动者(动词的使用者)发出。这一使动者(动词的使用者)我们称之为逻辑主语。
篇2：动词不定式自述
作者：刘洪生
大家好！我是动词不定式，初次相识，我想作个自我介绍，好让你们更快更好地了解我，从而使我早日成为你们的好朋友。
认识我就从记住我的“长相”开始吧，我是由“to + 动词原形”组成的， to是我的标志，也是我的“铁友”，一般情况下，我和“铁友”都形影不离。我出入于句首、句中、句末，充当句子的各种成份（谓语除外），从而使句子变得更加丰富多彩。这一点老师会给你们详细地讲解，我就不在此多言了，我说说我的几项特殊属性吧。
一、我的否定形式
我的否定形式是在我的前面加 not, 上文我已讲过一般情况下我和“铁友”to是形影不离的，因此用来表否定的not只能放在我和“铁友”的前面，而不能放在我和“铁友”之间。如：
The policeman told the children________on the road.
A. to not play B. not play C. not to play D. didn't play ( Key: C )
二、我和“铁友”离别的日子
我和“铁友”to也有离别的时候，遇上下面几种情况，我就得和“铁友”道别,说声bye-bye了。
1．遇上let, make, have 等使役动词时。如：
How did you make your little brother________crying?
A. to stop B. stop C. stops D. stopped (Key: B )
2．遇上see, hear, watch, feel等感官动词且其后的谓语动词是强调动作的全过程或表示动作经常发生时。如：
We saw him________the building and go upstairs.
A. to enter B. enter C. entering D. entered (Key: B )
3．遇上had better, Will / Would you please...？, Why not...? 等词组或句式时。如：
You'd better________to send me an email when you get home.
A. not to forget B. don't forget
C. to not forget D. not forget (Key: D)
It's very late now. Will you please_______your CD player.
A. stop playing B. stop to play
C. to stop playing D. to stop to play(Key: A)
Why not________to school earlier tomorrow?
A. come B. to come C. coming D. will come (Key: A )
三、别丢了我的小“尾巴”
当我作定语修饰名词或代词时，我和被修饰词之间有一种逻辑上的动宾关系，若这种情况下的我是不及物动词，则要在我之后加上必要的介词构成及物动词短语，这些介词就像是我的小“尾巴”。这时你可不要把它给丢了哟！如：
It's getting darker and darker. Let's go and find a house________.
A. live B. living C. to live D. to live in (Key: D )
Would you please give me some paper _______ ?
A. to write B. write C. to write on D. to writing (Key: C )
四、结交特殊疑问词
为了在功能上和宾语从句平起平坐，我就广泛结交特殊疑问词，把whom, what, which等疑问代词或how, when, where等疑问副词放在我前面，和它们一起构成复合结构，在句中充当宾语，在功能上相当一个宾语从句。如：
Mother's Day is coming, but I don't know what to buy for my mother.（改为同义句）
Mother's Day is coming, but I don't know______ ______ ______ _______for my mother.
(Key: what I should buy)
I want to know where I should go. (改为简单句)
I want to know_________ __________ __________. (Key: where to go )
作宾语友情链接
动词need, want, remember, forget, stop, go on, mean等之后，既可以跟不定式作宾语，又可以跟动词-ing形式作宾语，但意义有所不同：
need和want跟动词-ing表示被动意义，跟不定式表示主动意义。试比较：
These trees need watering.
We need to go there.
remember doing sth.表示“记得做过某事”，remember to do sth.表示“记得去做某事”；
forget doing sth.表示“忘记已经做过某事”，forget to do sth.表示“忘记去做某事”；
stop doing sth.表示“停止做某事”，stop to do sth.表示“停下来去做另一件事”；
go on doing sth.表示“继续做同一件事”，go on to do sth.表示“继续去另一件事”；
mean doing sth.表示“意思是；意味着”，mean to do sth.表示“企图；打算”。
作宾补友情链接
动词ask, tell, get, wish, like, want, teach, would like等之后，应接带to的不定式作宾补。如：
The teacher asked us to hand in our homework.
动词make, let, have, hear, see,feel, watch等之后，要接不带to的不定式作宾补。但是在被动语态中，就不能省略to。如：
The boss made the workers work 12 hours a day.
The workers were made to work 12 hours a day.
作状语友情链接
动词不定式用作状语，可表示目的、结果、原因等。当不定式作目的状语时，可用于in order to (为了) 或so as to (以便) 结构。但so as to 只可放在句尾，而in order to 放在句首、句尾都可。
篇3：Be+不定式动词
● 陈清霖
上一期谈过了“Be”的语法功能，这期来看“Be+不定式动词”这个常见结构可表示哪些语义。
“Be+不定式动词”在不同情况下，可以表示很多种不同的语义。下面便是其中九种：
⒈表示坚决的命令。例如：
1. This naughty boy is to stay here until the class is over.
2. No one is to enter this building without the permission of the security guard.
⒉表示“计划”或“安排的事项”。例如：
3. Betty is to be married soon.
4. An insurance agent is to meet us this afternoon.
⒊表示“可能性”。例如：
5. Are you to pay the debt for your wife?
6. The lovely puppy is nowhere to be found.
⒋表示“意图”或“打算”。例如：
7. If you are to be there on time, you had better hurry.
8. If all of us are to remain friendly, we must be sincere with one another.
⒌表示“应该”。例如：
9. You have done so well. You are to be rewarded.
10. Such nasty questions are to be avoided.
⒍表示“不可避免”。例如：
11. Anne was wondering what was to become of her boy friend, Tommy.
12. The murderer was sentenced to life imprisonment and was never to see his family again.
⒎表示“假设”。例如：
13. If I were to do it, I would do it well.
14. Even if you were to take a taxi now, you would not be able to arrive at your destinaton on time.
⒏有“期待将来”的含意。例如：
15. The actual usefulness of the newly invented equipment is still to be determined.
16. Henry's appointment with the accountancy firm is yet to be confirmed.
⒐有“必然会发生”的含意。例如：
17. She did not think too much of her unkind acts. However, they were to be harmful to herself, too.
18. Tom wasn't worried about his head injury, but it was to be troublesome for him later.
上述九种“Be+不定式动词”的语义，稍纵即逝，常常会不多留意，而且也不会时常用到它们，但是只要定睛注意，多少也会领略这些结构的个中味。
《联合早报》
篇4：语法-动词不定式
afford aim appear agree arrange ask be decide bother care choose come dare demand desire determine expect elect endeavor hope fail happen help hesitate learn long mean manage offer ought plan prepare pretend promise refuse seem tend wait wish undertake
举例：
the driver failed to see the other car in time.
司机没能及时看见另一辆车。
i happen to know the answer to your question.
我碰巧知道你那道问题的答案。
2）动词+不定式 ； 动词+宾语+不定式
ask, beg, choose, expect , hate, help intend like, love, need prefer, prepare, promise, want, wish…
i like to keep everything tidy. 我喜欢每件东西都保持整洁。
i like you to keep everything tidy. 我喜欢你年使每件东西都保持整洁。
i want to speak to tom. 我想和汤姆谈话。
i want you to speak to tom. 我想让你和汤姆谈话。
3） 动词+疑问词+ to
decide, know, consider forget, learn, remember, show, understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, tell
please show us how to do that. 请演示给我们如何去做。
there are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that i can't make up my mind which to buy.有这么多的录音机，我都拿不定主意买哪一种。
注意:疑问词带不定式在句中作成分时，谓语动词用单数。
the question is how to put it into practice.
问题是怎样把它付诸实施。
7.2 不定式作补语
1) 动词+宾语+不定式(to do)
advise allow appoint believe cause challenge command compel consider declare drive enable encourage find forbid force guess hire imagine impel induce inform instruct invite judge know like order permit persuade remind report request require select send state suppose tell think train trust understand urge warn
例句：
a. father will not allow us to play on the street.
父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。
b. we believe him to be guilty.
我们相信他是有罪的。
find 的特殊用法：
find 后可用分词做宾补，或先加形式宾语，再加形容词，最后加带to 的动词不定式。find后也可带一个从句。此类动词还有get，have。
i found him lying on the ground.
i found it important to learn.
i found that to learn english is important.
典型例题:
the next morning she found the man ___ in bed，dead.
a. lying b. lie c. lay d. laying
答案：a.find的宾语后面，用分词或分词短语，起宾语补足语作用。现在分词表达主动，也表达正在进行，过去分词表达被动。
2) to + be 的不定式结构，作补语的动词。
acknowledge, believe, consider, think, declare(声称), discover, fancy(设想), feel find, guess, judge, imagine, know, prove, see(理解), show, suppose, take(以为), understand
we consider tom to be one of the best students in our class.
我们认为汤姆是班上最好的学生之一。
典型例题
charles babbage is generally considered ___ the first computer.
a. to invent b. inventing c. to have invented d. having invented
答案：a. 由consider to do sth. 排除b、d。. 此句只说明发明这一个事实，不定式后用原形即可。而c为现在完成时，发明为点动词一般不用完成时，且此处也不强调对现在的影响，因此不选c。
3) to be +形容词
seem, appear, be said, be supposed, be believed, be thought, be known, be reported, hope, wish, desire, want, plan, expect, mean…
the book is believed to be uninteresting.
人们认为这本书没什么意思。
4) there be+不定式
believe, expect, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, want, wish, undrstand
we didn't expect there to be so many people there.我们没料到会有那么多人在哪里。
注意 ： 有些动词需用as 短语做补语，如regard, think believe, take, consider.
we regard tom as our best teacher. 我们认为汤姆是我们最好的老师。
mary took him as her father . 玛丽把他当作自己的父亲。
7.3 不定式主语
1） it's easy (for me) to do that.我做这事太容易了
easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, impossible, comfortable, necessary, better;
the first, the next, the last, the best, too much, too little, not enough
it's so nice to hear your voice.
听到你的声音真高兴。
it's necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it.
当你不用车的时候，锁车是有必要的。
2) it's very kind of you to help us. 他帮助我们，他真好。
kind, nice, stupid, rude, clever, foolish, thoughtful, thoughtless, brave, considerate(考虑周到的), silly, selfish(自私的)
例句:
it was silly of us to believe him. 我们真愚蠢，竟然相信了他。
it seemed selfish of him not to give them anything. 他不给他们任何东西，这显得太自私了。
注意：1) 其他系动词如，look，appear等也可用于此句型
2) 不定式作为句子成分时，动词用单数形式。
3) 当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时，不能用it is… to…的句型
(对)to see is to believe. 百闻不如一见。
(错)it is to believe to see.
7.4 it's for sb.和 it's of sb.
1）for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等：
it's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。
2）of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。
it's very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。
for 与of 的辨别方法：
用介词后面的代词作主语，用介词前边的形容词作表语，造个句子。如果道理上通顺用of，不通则用for。如：
you are nice. (通顺，所以应用of)。
he is hard. (人是困难的，不通，因此应用for。)
7.5 不定式作表语
不定式可放在be动词后面，形成表语。例如：
my work is to clean the room every day.
his dream is to be a doctor.
7.6 不定式作定语
不定式做定语通常要放在被修饰的词后。例如：
i have a lot of work to do.
so he made some candles to give light.
7.7 不定式作状语
1）目的状语
to… only to (仅仅为了), in order to, so as to, so(such)… as to… (如此……以便……)
he ran so fast as to catch the first bus. 他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。
i come here only to say good-bye to you. 我来仅仅是向你告别。
2）作结果状语，表事先没有预料到的，要放在句子后面。
what have i said to make you angry.
he searched the room only to find nothing.
3) 表原因
i'm glad to see you.
典型例题
the chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to ___.
a. sit b. sit on c. be seat d. be sat on
答案：b. 如果不定式为不及物动词，其后应有必要的介词。当动词与介词连用时，常位于“形容词+动词不定式”结构的末尾。
7.8 用作介词的to
to 有两种用法： 一为不定式+动词原形； 一为介词+名词/动名词, to 在下面的用法中是第二种，即to+ 名词/动名词：
admit to承认， confess to承认，
be accustomed to习惯于， be used to习惯于， stick to 坚持， turn to开始，着手于， devote oneself to 献身于， be devoted to 致力于， look forward to 盼望， pay attention to 注意
7.9 省to 的动词不定式
1） 情态动词 ( 除ought 外，ought to)：
2） 使役动词 let, have, make：
3） 感官动词 see, watch, look at, notice , observe, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find 等后作宾补，省略to。
注意：在被动语态中则to 不能省掉。
i saw him dance.
=he was seen to dance.
the boss made them work the whole night.
=they were made to work the whole night.
4） would rather，had better：
5） why… / why not…：
6） help 可带to，也可不带to, help sb (to) do sth：
7） but和except：but前是动词do时，后面出现的动词用不带to的动词不定式。
8） 由and, or和than连接的两个不定式，第二个to 可以省去：
9） 通常在discover, imagine, suppose, think, understand等词后，可以省去to be：
he is supposed (to be) nice. 他应该是个好人。
举例：
he wants to move to france and marry the girl.
he wants to do nothing but go out.
比较： he wants to do nothing but go out.
he wants to believe anything but to take the medicine.
典型例题
1) ---- i usually go there by train.
---- why not ___ by boat for a change?
a. to try going b. trying to go c. to try and go d. try going
答案：d. why not 后面接不带to 的不定式，因此选d。
2） paul doesn't have to be made ___. he always works hard.
a. learn b. to learn c. learned d. learning
答案：b. make后接不带to 的动词不定式，当其用于被动时，to 不可省略。
7.10 动词不定式的否定式
tell him not to shut the window…
she pretended not to see me when i passed by. 我走过的时候，她假装没看见。
典型例题
1）tell him ___ the window.
a. to shut not b. not to shut c. to not shut
d. not shut
答案：b。 tell sb to do sth 的否定形式为tell sb not to do sth.
2) she pretended ___ me when i passed by.
a. not to see b. not seeing c. to not see
d. having not seen
答案：a。 pretend 后应接不定式。其否定形式为pretend not to do sth.。
3）mrs. smith warned her daughter ___ after drinking.
a. never to drive b. to never driver
c. never driving d. never drive
答案：a。warn sb to do sth. 的否定形式为warn sb not to do sth. 此处用的是否定词never.
4) the boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street，but his mother told him ____.
a. not to b. not to do c. not do it
d. do not to
答案：a。not to 为not to do it 的省略形式。可以只用to这个词，而不必重复整个不定式词组。及物动词do后应有名词、代词等，否则不对，因此b，d不对。
5) the patient was warned ___ oily food after the operation.
a. to eat no b. eating not c. not to eat
d. not eating
答案：c。warn一词要求后用不定式，此处为不定式的被动，否定形式为be warned not to do。
7.11 不定式的特殊句型too…to…
1）too…to 太…以至于…
he is too excited to speak.
他太激动了，说不出话来。
---- can i help you ? 需要我帮忙吗?
---- well, i'm afraid the box is too heavy for you to carry it, but thank you all the same. 不用了。这箱子太重，恐怕你搬不动。谢谢您。
2) 如在too前有否定词，则整个句子用否定词表达肯定， too 后那个词表达一种委婉含义，意 为“不太”。
it's never too late to mend. (谚语)
改过不嫌晚。
3) 当too 前面有only, all, but时，意思是：非常… 等于very。
i'm only too pleased to be able to help you. 我非常高兴能帮助你。
he was but too eager to get home. 他非常想回家。
7.12 不定式的特殊句型so as to
1） 表示目的；它的否定式是so as not to do。
tom kept quiet about the accident so as not to lose his job.
汤姆对事故保持沉默是为了不丢掉他的工作。
go in quietly so as not to wake the baby.
轻点进去，别惊醒了婴儿。
2) so kind as to ---劳驾
would you be so kind as to tell me the time?
劳驾，现在几点了。
7.13 不定式的特殊句型why not
“why not +动词原形”表达向某人提出建议，翻译为：“为什么不……?” “干吗不……?”
例如：
why not take a holiday?
干吗不去度假?
7.14 不定式的时态和语态
时态\语态 主动 被动
一般式to doto be done
进行式to be doing
完成式to have done to have been done
完成进行式 to have been doing
1) 现在时：一般现在时表示的动词，有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。
he seems to know this.
i hope to see you again. = i hope that i'll see you again. 我希望再见到你。
2) 完成时：表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。
i'm sorry to have given you so much trouble.
he seems to have caught a cold.
3) 进行时： 表示动作正在进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。
he seems to be eating something.
4) 完成进行时：
she is known to have been wreaking on the problem for many years.
7.15 动名词与不定式
1） 动名词与不定式的区别：
动名词表达的是： 状态，性质，心境，抽象，经常性，已发生的
不定式表达的是： 目的，结果，原因，具体，一次性，将发生的
2） 接不定式或动名词，意义相同。
3） 动名词与不定式语义不同的有11 组：
1 stop to do stop doing
2 forget to do forget doing
3 remember to do remember doing
4 regret to do regret doing
5 cease to do cease doing
6 try to dotry doing
7 go on to do go on doing
8 afraid to do afraid doing
9 interested to do interested doing
10 mean to domean doing
11 begin/ start to do begin/ start doing
篇5：动词不定式用法
动词不定式用法
动词不定式(todo)是初中英语课的一个重点，也是中考要考查的一个项目。动词不定式属于非谓语动词的'一种形式，很多同学经常把它和谓语动词混在一起，掌握起来有困难。下面我们对动词不定式的用法做简单归纳，帮助同学们记忆！
一、动词不定式在句子中不能充当谓语，没有人称和数的变化。
二、动词不定式是由“to+动词原形”构成(有时可以不带to)。动词不定式的否定形式是“not+动词不定式”(not不与助动词连用)。
三、动词不定式短语具有名词、形容词和副词等的功能，可在句中用做多种句子成分。
1、主语：常置于句末，而用it代替其做形式主语。
例：Togoinforsportshelpsyou
stayfit.(book4，L28)Ithelpsyoustayfittogoinforsports.Itisdangeroustoswiminthedeepseaonyourown.
注：此句式中不定式逻辑上的主语可由for或of引出，逻辑主语由of引出时，表语的形容词为kind，nice，good，polite，clever，foolish，right，wrong等表示
评价的形容词。例：It’srightofhimtorefusethe
invitation.(him为逻辑主语)
2、表语：Ourdutyistoprotecttheenviroment.
3、动词宾语：此种情况可按固定搭配或句式去记。
例：wouldyouliketoseemyphotos?Kevinplannedtovisithisuncle.(book4，L11)
和plan用法一样的词还有：start，want，agree，hope，begin，decide等。
Ifounditverydifficulttogeta
job.(it为形式宾语)4、宾语补足语：(1)在多数复合宾语及物动词后要带to：例：Iaskedafriendtoreadittome.(book4，L2)(2)在表示感觉、致使等意义的动词
(see，watch，hear，feel，notice，observe，
make，let，have，help等)后不带to。例：Theyheardhimsingapopsonginthemeetingroom.
5、定语：动词不定式做定语放在所修饰的名词的后面。
例：Vinnyisthefirstdisabledper鄄sontosailaroundtheworld.(book4，
L1)6、形容词补足语：在表示心理、感情、评价等的形容词后，对其进行补充说明。
例：Weareverygladtomeetyouagain.
7、状语：表示目的、原因、程度等。
例：Theybroughtinphotosoftheir
familiesformetolookat.(book4，L2)
8、“疑问词＋不定式”用法：不定式前可带what，who，which，where，when，how等疑问词，这种不定式短语在句中多用做宾语。
例：Hedidn’ttellmewheretogo.9、在初中阶段还涉及到“不定式被动语态一般式(tobe+过去分词)”
例：Therearetwentymoretreestobeplanted.
篇6：谈谈动词不定式
黑龙江省鸡西市培英中学 赫贵祥
动词不定式(to do)是初中英语课本中的一个重点，也是中考必考查的一个项目。下面我们对动词不定式做一简要归纳，以帮助同学们学习和参考。
动词不定式是由“to+动词原形”构成 (有时可以不带to)。其否定形式是“not+动词不定式”(not不与助动词连用)。它属于一种非谓语动词的形式，在句子中不能充当谓语，没有人称和数的变化，但它可以保留动词的性质，其本身可以带宾语或状语等附加成分（不定式和其附加成分称为不定式短语）。动词不定式（短语）的句法功能非常广泛，在句中可作主语、宾语、补足语、表语、定语及状语等成分。
一、作主语
（1）动词不定式作主语时，谓语动词常常用单数。例如：
To do morning exercises is useful for our health. 做早操有利于我们的健康。
To sweep the floor is my duty every day. 每天打扫地板是我的责任。
（2）如果动词不定式太长，常常用 it 作形式主语，而将真正的主语--动词不定式后置。例如：
It took me half an hour to walk there．我走到那儿花了半小时的时间。
It’s important for us to learn English well．对我们来说，学好英语是重要的。
二、作宾语
（1）能够接动词不定式作宾语的有 ask, agree, beg, decide, determine, fail, hope, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, wish 及 would like/love 等动词，但 finish, enjoy, miss, appreciate, mind, advise, suggest 等动词后面通常只能接动名词作宾语。例如：
I hope to visit this place again. 我希望能再度访问此地。
She enjoys reading very much．她非常喜欢读书。
The driver failed to see the other car in time. 司机没能及时看见另一辆车。
（2）动词不定式与名等词构成复合宾语时，通常要用 it 作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语--动词不定式后置。例如：
I think it our duty to obey the laws. 我认为遵守法律是我们的义务。
I found it difficult to see him here. 我发现在这里见到他是很难的。
三、作补足语
（1）某些动词在主动式中后接动词不定式作宾语补足语；在被动式中，由于原来的宾语变成了主语，故原来的宾语补足语变成了主语补足语。这类动词常用的有 consider, expect, tell, want, warn, wish，invite等。例如：
They told him not to be late again.他们告诉他不要再迟到了。→He was told not to be late again.
She invited me to have dinner with her yesterday．昨天她请我一起进餐。
（2）在feel（一感），listen to，hear（二听），let，make，have（三让），look at，see，watch，notice（四看）等词之后接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，强调动作的完成过程；它们作被动句的谓语时，to要补上。如：
I heard her sing today．She sang wonderfully．今天我听见她唱歌了，她唱得非常精彩。
She was heard to sing today．今天有人听见她唱歌了。
She is often heard to sing this song（by us）．我们经常听见她唱这首歌。
四、作状语
⑴动词不定式作状语可表示目的、原因及结果等，其逻辑主语就是句子的主语，因此动词不定式作状语往往用主动式。例如：
Come to see me again soon. 尽快再来看我。
I trembled to think of it. 我一想到那件事就不寒而栗。
You couldn't do that to save your life. 你即使为了救自己也不能那样做。
(2) only to do sth. 与 only doing sth. 都可作表示结果的状语，区别是：only to do sth. 表示一个与主语愿望相反的或出乎主语意料的结果, 或用来暗示最初的未能实现的动作；only doing sth. 表示谓语动词本身的动作造成的结果。例如：
I worked hard, only to fail at last. 我努力工作,结果最后却是失败。
He died, only leaving nothing but debts. 他死了,只留下一身债
五、作表语
（1）动词不定式往往放在系动词be（，become, sound, taste 等系动词后面一般不接不定式）的后面作表语，表示将来的情况，说明主语的内容。例如：
My wish is to become a teacher．我的愿望是当一名教师。
Your job today is to clean the playground. 你今天的工作是打扫操场。
（2）如果系动词后的动词说明主语的性质，特征，相当于形容词。这时就要用现在分词作表语，而不用不定式。例如：
He said that the story was interesting．他说这则故事很有趣。
六、作定语
（1）动词不定式常常放在名词或不定代词后面作后置定语，其逻辑主语往往是句子的主语，故动词不定式作定语时往往用主动式；如果动词不定式的逻辑主语不是句子的主语，该动词不定式要用被动式。例如：
Do you have anything to do tonight? 你今晚有什么事要做吗?
I am going to Shanghai tomorrow. Do you have anything to be taken there? 明天我要去上海。你有什么东西要捎去的吗?
（2）动词不定式作定语往往表示尚未发生的动作，如果动作已发生或正在发生，一般用现在分词作定语。例如：
I have no pen to write with．我没有钢笔写字。
The man standing there is Li Ming. 站在那里的那个人是李明。
七、和疑问词连用：
不定式前可用what，who，which，where，when，how，why等疑问词构成不定式短语，这种短语在句子中可作主语、宾语和表语等成分。
（1）作主语。例如：
When to start has not been decided. 什么时候出发还没定下来。
（2）作表语。例如：
The question is how to do the job well. 问题是怎样做好这项工作。
（3）作宾语。例如：
He told me where to find the book. 他告诉我了在哪找到这本书的。
Do you know how to play football? 你知道怎样踢足球吗？
八、不定式的被动式
在初中阶段还涉及到动词不定式被动式的一般式，这种形式是由“to be+动词过去分词”构成的，表示“被……”之意。例如：
There are twenty more trees to be planted. 有更多的树要栽种。
（作者邮箱：jpyhgx@163.com）
篇7：点击动词不定式用法
作者：张志斌 刘向勤
[概述]
动词不定式既有动词的性质，又有名词的性质。它没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能独立作谓语。动词不定式在句子中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、表语、同位语等。它有两种形式：①带to的不定式(to-infinitive);②不带to的不定式(bare infinitive)。其否定式为not (to) +动词原形。
[用法一] 动词不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语。
如：It always pays to tell the truth. 说实话总是不吃亏的。
It took me half an hour to work out the problem. 我花了半个小时才做出这道题。
[用法二] 动词不定式作宾语时，其逻辑主语即为全句的主语。
如：The boy wants to ask his father a question about the moon. 这个男孩想问他爸爸一个关于月亮的问题。
注：当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式时，则须将真实宾语--不定式,放在它的补语之后，而将形式宾语it放在宾语补足语之前。如：She found it difficult to answer the question. 她发现回答这个问题很困难。
[用法三] 动词不定式用作宾补，通常情况下，宾语与用作宾补的不定式构成复合宾语，二者在逻辑上是主谓关系。
①接带to的不定式作宾补的常见动词有：believe, consider, declare, find, imagine, know, prove, suppose, feel, think, understand等。
如：I know this to be a fact. 我知道这是事实。
②接不带to的不定式作宾补，见口诀：“两听”、“五看”、“一感觉”，使役动词有三个。help, find之后可带可不带，它们可以排在外。（两听，即hear, listen to; 五看，即see, watch, notice, observe, look at; 一感觉，即feel；使役动词有三个，即make, let, have。）
如：I heard him sing. 我听见他唱歌了。
Let him do it. 让他做吧。
注：感官动词与使役动词转换为被动结构时，其后的不定式须还原to。
如：My father saw him come in.
He was seen to come in by my father. 我爸爸看见他进来了。
[用法四] 动词不定式用作状语，可表示目的、结果、原因等，其逻辑主语通常是全句的主语。
如：I stayed there to see what would happen. 我留在那儿看看会发生什么事儿。（目的状语）
What have I done to offend you？我干什么惹你生气的事了？（结果状语）
I'm glad to see you here.很高兴在这儿见到你。（原因状语）
【用法五】 动词不定式作定语
作定语是动词不定式的一个重要功能,它常常位于被修饰的名词或代词之后，与被修饰的词之间存在着以下几种逻辑上的关系：
1. 主谓关系。被修饰的成分是不定式中动作的执行者，即被修饰的成分是不定式逻辑上的主语。 构成这种关系的动词可以是及物的， 也可以是不及物的。 如：
I have no friends to help me. = I have no friends who will help me. 没有朋友帮助我。
There is a nurse to look after him. = There is a nurse who looks after him. 有一位护士照料他。
2. 动宾关系。被修饰的成分是不定式中动作的承受者，即不定式与被修饰的成分之间存在着逻辑上的动宾关系。构成这种关系的动词必须是及物动词或相当于及物动词的词组。如：
I'm thirsty. Please give me something to drink. 我渴了， 给我点儿喝的（东西）。
Give her a chair to sit on. 给她一把椅子坐。
3. 同位关系。不定式用来解释或说明其所修饰成分的具体内容，这时被修饰的成分常常是抽象名词。如：
He had no time to think about rest. 他没有时间来考虑休息。
We hadn't enough money to buy a car. 我们没有足够的钱来买小汽车。
【用法六】 带疑问词的不定式用法
动词不定式前面可以带疑问代词 what,which, who..., 疑问副词 how, when, where, why...，以及表示疑问意思的连词 whether等，构成带疑问词的不定式短语。这种结构起名词作用， 在句子中多用作宾语、主语、表语等。单独使用时相当于一个疑问句。要注意的是why 后面的不定式不带to 。
1． 用作宾语。带疑问词不定式短语作宾语的动词主要有decide, explain, forget, know, learn, show, teach, tell以及介词on等。带疑问词不定式短语的句子中，其逻辑主语是句子的主语或宾语。如：
Their views on how to teach students are different. 他们有关如何教育学生的观点不同。
Mary can't decide whether to go or stay at home. 玛丽难以决定是去还是留在家里。
2． 用作主语。带疑问词的不定式短语作主语时，谓语用单数。不定式的逻辑主语是说话人或大家。如：
How to learn English is very important. 怎样学英语很重要。
When to go there is not known yet. 什么时候去那里还不知道。
3． 用作表语。 带疑问词的不定式短语作表语， 常用说明主语的具体内容。如：
The question is when to start. 问题是什么时候开始。
What I want to know is who to blame. 我想知道的是该责备谁。
4． 单独使用。 带疑问词的不定式短语单独使用时， 其逻辑主语也是说话人或大家。如：
What to do next? ( = What should we / they do next?)下一步该做什么？
Why not buy some English tapes?( = Why don't we / you buy some English tapes? )为什么不买些英语磁带呢？
【动词不定式是什么】相关文章：
9.be动词练习题
10.系动词
文档为doc格式
