短文改错范文
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篇1：短文改错解析
作者：文玉荣
(I)
If there are much more people in the world, then there 1. ________
must have more food to feed the people. But food is already 2. ________
a serious problem today. One-thirds of the world's population 3. ________
is starving, because there is not enough food. Ten thousand 4. ________
people die of the hunger every day in some parts of the world. 5. ________
So in other parts of the world, people become ill or die because 6. ________
they eat too much food, and they are too fat. Some country 7. ________
have no food, but others have too much, and they throw away. 8. ________
How can tomorrow's world feed its people? The world needs 9. ________
to produce more food than it is now. 10. ________
(II)
Nowadays, almost every family have a TV set, and almost 1. ________
everyone likes watching the TV. TV becomes part of our life. 2. ________
TV has many advantages, such as, it informs us the latest 3. ________
news that happened in the world; it can open our eye, 4. ________
enlarge our knowledge and also helps us to see more about the world. 5. ________
At the same time, it also has some disadvantages. People waste very 6. ________
much time in watching TV and their normal life and work are affect. 7. ________
To those children which spend too much time in watching TV, 8. ________
it can do harm for their sight and health. In a word, we should take 9. ________
the advantage of TV and control our time of watching TV. 10. ________
[答案与解析]
(I) 1. much→more。形容词的比较级修饰的中心词是可数名词people, 此时应该用many表示“... ... 得多”。
2. have→be。此处是“there be”句型。
3. One-thirds→One-third。分数词的构成规则是:分子用基数词,分母用序数词;当分子大于1时,在分母的序数词词尾加“s”。
4. 第一个is→are。本句的主语是指“三分之一的人口”,是复数概念,谓语动词应该用复数形式。
5. 去掉第一个the。此处的hunger表泛指,其前面不用定冠词。
6.So→But。此处表转折关系,与上句的“饿死”形成鲜明的对比。
7. country→countries。由句子的谓语动词have可知,此处的名词应该用复数形式。
8. throw后面加it。throw away是及物动词性质,应该有宾语。
9. 本行无错。
10. is→does。does指代的是动词produces。
(II)
1. have→has。family被every修饰,指单数,谓语动词用单数。
2. 去掉the。TV在此处表泛指, TV前面不用加定冠词。
3. us后面加of。inform sb. of sth.是固定词组。
4. eye→eyes。此处的名词应该用复数形式。
5. helps→help。open, enlarge 和help是三个并列的谓语动词。
6. very→too。too much修饰名词time,而very much是用来修饰动词的。
7. affect→affected。此处是被动语态。
8. which→who / that。先行词是children,指人,故关系代词应该用who或that。
9. for→to。 do harm to sb.是固定词组,意为“对某人有害”。
10. 本行无错。
(I)
Nowadays, many and more people like traveling, for it has 1. ________
many advantages. The first one is that they can both broaden 2. ________
our horizons and expand our scope of the knowledge. This is 3. ________
because when we visit different places, we would surely have 4. ________
different experiences, as meeting different people and 5. ________
taste different food. The second one is relaxation. After a 6. ________
long period of hard work, we need relax and rest. Only in 7. ________
this way can we renew ours energy. In addition, traveling can 8. ________
build our body, for when we travel, we might have to go on foot 9. ________
or climb mountain. This is a good form of exercise. 10. ________
(II)
My hometown has changed a lot of in the past five years. First, 1. ________
more high buildings have been appeared, which are modern and 2. ________
beautiful. Many overpasses have been set up, but it has become 3. ________
very conveniently for people to travel. Besides, many families 4. ________
have got cars of their own. People lives here have become 5. ________
rich and colorful. People can enjoy themselves traveling 6. ________
on holidays. In my delight, I can taste delicious food from 7. ________
different country such as the food of America, Japan and 8. ________
South Korea. And now, it is easier for me to keep touch 9. ________
with my friends as before, for I can email them from my office. 10. ________
【答案与解析】
(I) 1. many→more。more and more表示“越来越多的”。 2. they→it。it指代traveling。3. 去掉the。knowledge在此处表泛指,其前面不用定冠词。4. would→will。根据上下文的时态,此处应该用一般将来时态。5. as前加such。such as是固定词组,表示列举事物。6. taste→tasting。tasting和meeting是并列关系。7. relax前加to。need在此肯定句中是实义动词,后面接带to的动词不定式。8. ours→our。此处应该用形容词性物主代词作定语。9. 本行无错。10. mountain→mountains。此处的“山”表泛指,应该用名词的复数形式,或在mountain前加a。
(II) 1. 去掉of。a lot是副词性短语,在此处作状语;而a lot of作定语,后面应该有名词。2. 去掉been。appear是不及物动词,不能用于被动语态。3. but→so。此处表因果关系。4. conveniently→convenient。形容词作表语。5. People→People's。此处应该用名词所有格作定语。6. 本行无错。7. In→To。to one's delight是固定词组,意为“令某人高兴的是”。8. country→countries。应该用复数形式来表达“不同的国家”。
9. keep后加in。keep in touch with是固定词组,意为“与......保持联系”。10. as→than。由上一行的easier可知,此处应该用than。
( I )
A survey basing on 1,000 students found that half of the pupils and 80% 1. ________
of the middle school students sleeps less than nine hours every night.
2. ________
And too many homework given by school teachers and parents is
3. ________
the main reason. Other reason lies in students' bad habits. Some
4. ________
students, for example, are absent-minded while doing his homework,
5. ________
and some waste their after-class time. The third reason is that some
6. ________
students have to get up early on weekdays to get school far away
7. ________
from home. Experts are calling at schools and parents to cut down on
8. ________
the amount of homework. And students should make a good use of their time. 9. ________
And it would be well if they could choose to study in a nearby school. 10. ________
( II )
Yesterday afternoon I went to the Summer Palace. It was happened that I saw 1. ________
a touched event. At that time, some people were boating on the lake. 2. ________
Among them was a family of three. They were taking photo 3. ________
while the girl fell off the boat into the river. She was struggling 4. ________
and her parents cried out, “Help! Help!” That was obvious that they
couldn't 5. ________
swim at all. From nearby, a young man immediately jumped into the water, 6. ________
without taking off his clothes. He quickly swam towards girl, 7. ________
that was already tired out. At last, he carried her to the bank. 8. ________
She was saved! How excited the parents were! They were too excited9. ________
and grateful to the young man that they don't know what to say. 10. ________
[答案与解析]
(I) 1. basing→based。过去分词作定语。 2. sleeps→sleep。本句的主语是pupils和students,谓语动词应该用复数。3. many→much。homework是不可数名词,应该用much修饰。 4. Other→Another。此处指“另一个”,而不是指“其它的”;others作定语时,常修饰复数名词。5. his→their。此处的代词指代前面的名词“students”,故用their。 6. 本行无错。 7. 第二个get后加to。get to意为“到达”。8. at→on。call on是固定词组,意为“号召”。 9. 去掉a。make good use of是固定词组,意为“充分利用”。
10. well→good。well作形容词用时,指“身体好”,用在此处不合适。
(II) 1. 去掉was。It happened that...意为“碰巧......”,happen是不及物动词,不能用于被动语态。 2. touched→touching。 touched意为“感动的”,touching意为“令人感动的”。 3. photo→photos。根据语义判断,此处的名词应该用复数。 4. while→when。when在此处表示动作的突然性。 5. That→It。It作形式主语,that they couldn't swim at all是主语从句。 6. 本行无错。7. girl前加the。此处的girl表特指。8. that→who。who引导非限制性定语从句。 9. too→so。全句使用的是so...that...句型。10. don't→didn't。根据上文情景,此处应该用一般过去时态。
(I)
It was very fine when I got up on last Sunday morning. 1.________
So I decided to go for a walk and took some photos in the 2.________
beautiful country. After breakfast, I carried my camera with 3.________
me and set off. Everything went smooth. I enjoyed my trip 4.________
so much that I didn't realize the weather had been turned 5.________
bad. I began to run and it was too late. I was caught 6.________
at the rain and was wet through. I kept on running until 7.________
I get to a bus stop. I stood there waiting a long time for the 8.________
bus, shivering in cold. Shortly after I got home, I had 9.________
high fever, which made me stay in bed for a whole week! 10.________
(II)
My mother was born in a small town in Italian. She was three 1. ________
when her parents settle in the USA in 1926. They lived in 2. ________
Chicago, that my grandfather's work was making ice cream. 3. ________
At 16, my mother graduated a high school, went on to a 4. ________
secretarial school , and finally worked as secretary for a 5. ________
railroad company. She was beautiful. When a local photographer 6. ________
used some of her picture in his monthly window display, 7. ________
she was very happily. One of her favorite photos showed her 8. ________
sitting by Lake Michigan. My mother was used 9. ________
to say what she was the most beautiful in the town. 10. ________
[答案与解析]
(I) 1. 去掉on。名词被this, that, next, last等修饰后,其前面一般不用介词。 2. took→take。take与go是并列关系。 3. 本行无错。 4. smooth→smoothly。副词作状语,修饰went。 5.去掉been。turned在此处是系动词,不用被动语态。 6. and→but。此处表转折关系。7. at→in。表达“被雨淋了”时,常用短语be caught in the rain, 介词常用in。8. get→got。根据上下文,此处应该用动词的一般过去时态。9. in→with。shivering with cold意为“冻得浑身发抖”,介词with表示原因,意为“由于”。 10. high前加a。have a high fever是固定短语,意为“发高烧”。
(II) 1. Italian→Italy。此处应该用名词,表示国家“意大利”。2. settle→settled。由上下文可知,此处应该用动词的一般过去时态。 3. that→where。where引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词Chicago,where在定语从句中作状语,相当于in which。
4. graduated后加from。graduate是不及物动词,表达“毕业于某学校”时,graduate后应该用介词from。 5. secretary前加a。secretary是可数名词,其前面应该有冠词a。 6. 本行无错。7. picture→pictures。some of后的名词应该用复数形式,另外,下文也有提示,橱窗里陈列的照片不止一张。8. happily→happy。这里应该用形容词作表语。 9. 去掉was。本句使用的是“used to + 动词原形”,表达“过去常常......”。10. what→that。that引导宾语从句,that只起连接作用,that本身无词义。
(I)
The village was always very quiet. The people lived 1. ________
there were busy working in their many field during the day, 2. ________
and went to bed early at night, tiring after a long day's 3. ________
hard work. All of them had lived in a village 4. ________
for all their lives but had never left for less than 5. ________
one day at a time. When they did left, they had to get up 6. ________
early in the morning. They filled their carts of 7. ________
fruit, vegetables and sheep and went the market in the town. 8. ________
They returned back in the evening with things, perhaps 9. ________
presents for their children. That was their life. 10. ________
(II)
I have a very embarrassing experience this evening. 1. ________
I saw a man at a bus stop when I was on my way back 2. ________
home. Though I saw him from behind, but I was sure he was 3. ________
a friend of mine whom I hadn' t seen him for a long time. I gave 4. ________
him a tap on the shoulders with my umbrella and shouted to 5. ________
him at the same time. He turned round, completely taking by 6. ________
surprise. Unfortunately, he was my friend but a complete 7. ________
stranger. He was terribly embarrassed, for I didn't know 8. ________
how to explain him. I could only say in a low voice, “I'm so 9. ________
sorry, sir.” After that I walked away as quickly as possibly. 10. ________
[答案与解析]
(I) 1. lived→living或在lived前加who。此处应改为现在分词作定语或定语从句。2. field→fields。根据语义,此处应该用名词复数fields。 3. tiring→tired。 tired意为“劳累的”,而tiring意为“累人的”。4. a→the。此处的village是第二次出现,应该用定冠词表特指。 5. less→more。根据上下文语义,此处应该用not more than表示“不超过”。 6. left→leave。助动词did后应该用动词原形,did表强调。 7. of→ with。fill...with是固定短语。8. went后加to。他们车上装满了水果、蔬菜和羊,到镇上的市场上去卖。 9. 去掉back。return意为“返回”, back属于多余用词。10. 本行无错。
(II) 1. have→had。由下文可知,本篇短文叙述的是过去发生的事情,故用动词的一般过去时态。 2. 本行无错。3. 去掉but。 状语从句中使用了Though, 主句中就不能再用连词but。 4. 去 掉him。 whom在定语从句中作 hadn't seen的宾语,him属重复用词。 5. shoulders →shoulder。由 a tap可知,此处指在肩膀上拍了一下,shoulder应该用单数形式。 6. taking → taken。be taken by surprise是固定短语,意为“大吃一惊”。此处的taken是过去分词,该短语作状语。 7. was后加 not。由下文可知,是作者认错人了。 8. He→I。此处应表达“我很难堪”。 9. explain后加to。 表达“向某人解释”时,应该用explain to sb.。10. possibly → possible。 as...as possible是固定短语,意为“尽量......; 尽可能......”。
( I )
It was fine yesterday. The sun was shining in the sky. 1. ________
I went for boating by myself. I didn't take any friend with me 2. ________
because I wanted to be alone. I hired a boat and rowing slowly 3. ________
to a center of the lake. A fresh breeze was blowing, 4. ________
fish were swimming and birds were singing. While I reached 5. ________
the center, I took up the paddles(桨)and laid down in the boat. 6. ________
With the blue sky over me or green water around me, 7. ________
I was extremely relaxed. Over two hour passed in this way 8. ________
before I knew it. I came back home very lately. I didn't feel 9. ________
tired at all, for I had really had good time. 10. ________
( II )
In July 20, 1969, Neil Armstrong walked on the surface of 1. ________
the moon. He saw that the ground was hard and there were 2. ________
lots of dust that looked as gray powder. He traveled from 3. ________
the earth in a spaceship calling ApolloⅡ. Then, while it stayed 4. ________
in the space and moved around the moon, he climbed into 5. ________
a small lunar module (登月舱). It brought him to the moon. 6. ________
He spent three hours pick up moon rocks. 7. ________
After that, he set equipment to measure the temperature 8. ________
and wind on the moon. After he finished his works, 9. ________
he planted an American flag in the ground. 10. ________
[答案与解析]
(I) 1. 本行无错。2. 去掉for。go doing是常用的固定词组。3. rowing → rowed。hired和rowed是由and连接的两个并列的谓语动词。4. a → the。center后面有限制性定语修饰,其前面应该用定冠词。5. While → When / As。当while引导时间状语从句时,从句中的谓语动词应该用延续性动词,而非终止性动词。 6. laid → lay。动词lie表“躺”时的过去式是lay, laid是动词lay的过去式。 7. or → and。此处并非表转折关系。 8. hour → hours。可数名词hour前有数词two的修饰,故名词应该用复数形式。 9. lately → late。副词late意为“晚”;副词lately意为“近来”。 10. good前加a。have a good time为固定词组。
(II) 1. In → On。在表示具体的日期前,应该用介词on。2. were → was。dust是不可数名词,谓语动词应该用单数。 3. as → like。look like是固定词组,意为“看起来像”。 4. calling → called。该分词与所修饰的名词之间是动宾关系,故此处用过去分词作定语。 5. 去掉第一个the。space前一般不用冠词。 6. brought → took。此处指“带去”,而不是“带来”。 7. pick → picking。spend time (in) doing sth. 是固定句型。 8. set后面加up。set up是固定词组,意为“安放”。 9. works → work。 work意为“工作”时,是不可数名词。10. 本行无错。
篇2：六级短文改错注意事项
短文改错（error correction）属主观题型，要求考生在15分钟内找出并改正一篇短文中的10处错误。
一、改错形式有以下三类:
1.错词（words mistaken）。在标有题号的一行中有一词在词法、搭配或词义等方面有错误，要求考生找出错误并换上正确的词（change a word），这类错误在所有错误中占绝大多数。
2.缺词（words missing）。在标有题号的一行的任何位置——包括行首词前和行末词后——缺了一词，要求考生按语法、搭配或上下文语义的需要找出缺词的位置并补上所缺的词（insert a word）。
3.多词（words redundant）。在标有题号的一行中有一词按语法、搭配或上下文语义要求纯属多余，要求考生认定该多余的词并划去（cross out a word）。短文共有10处错误，但究竟哪一行多一词，哪一行缺一词或错一词，则没有任何规律和标记。历年考题的统计资料表明，绝大多数改错设计为错词一类。其主要原因除了命题因素外，更由于这类错误形式难度较大，并更能考查考生的实际语言驾驭能力。
改错规则:不论是错词，缺词或多词，考生在改错时只能动一个词。
二、短文改错的命题考点：
一）上下文语义方面的错误
1.反义词。这是短文改错中出现频率较高也是短文改错中最具特色的一种错误类型，这类错误必须在透彻理解上下文语义的基础上才能发现并更正。常见的这类错误有:①派生反义词。如: encourage-discourage，load-unload，satisfy-dissatisfy等。②互补性反义词。如: dead-alive，boy-girl，man-woman，male-female，brother-sister，married-single等。③换位性反义词。如: buy-sell，give-receive，lend-borrow，husband-wife，parent-child， left-right等。④相对性反义词。如: easy-hard，big-small，cold-hot，old-young，wide-narrow，love-hate等。⑤按上下文语义，行中多用了not或no，或必须添上not或no。
2.连接性词语。连接性词语虽属传统的语法题，但其用法主要依据上下文语义上的逻辑关系，即对上下文的理解。短文改错设计中的连接性词语的错误包括:
①并列连词。如: and，but，for，or等。②主从连词。这类词较多，如: because，（al）though，if，unless，before，after，until，as，while，whereas等。③连接性副词。如: however，moreover，besides，nevertheless，then，thus等。④连接性介词。如: because of，despite，besides，instead of等。
二）用法搭配方面的错误
1.介词。介词主要涉及用法与搭配，是短文改错中出现频率最高，也是考生最易失分的一类题型，要在这类题型的辨错改错上有所突破，考生必须注意平时介词用法知识的积累。在改错中，请注意从以下几个方面辨认。①介词与动词的搭配。如: accuse sb.of， charge sb. with， prevent sb. from， prohibit sb.from， differ from， contribute to等。②介词与名词的搭配。如: count on，influence on， improve on， belief in， confidence in， advantage over， preference over， attitude to， solution to等。③介词与形容词的搭配。如: different from， indifferent to， dependent on， independent of， guil
ty of， innocent of， persistent in， proficient in等。
④由介词引起的短语。如: in contrast，in turn，in the long run，by means of，in terms of，on good/bad terms with，on the contrary，by chance，by turns等。
2.成语。短文改错的命题标的也常对准各类成语，尤其是成语中的介词、冠词和名词的单复数形式等。这类错误的出现频率也较高。①介词错误。如: take pride for（→in），abide to（→by），persist on（→in），have no ear to（→for）等。②冠词错误。如: in the contrast（in contrast）， all of sudden（all of a sudden）， keep a pace with（keep pace with）等。③名词单复数。如: take turn（take turns）， make friend with（make friends with）， keep/break one's words（keep/ break one's word）等。
三）动词方面的错误
这方面的错误主要涉及:
1.分词。主要是现在分词和过去分词的误用。如: a puzzled question→a puzzling question an exciting girl→an excited girl
2.系动词。
①be以外的其他系动词被误用作行为动词，后面应该接形容词作表语，但接了副词。如: the meal smells badly.→the meal smells bad.
②系动词be在某些形容词前常受汉语影响而被遗漏。这些形容词有afraid，alive，aware，conscious，guilty，worth等。
3.动词的及物与不及物。改错中常有不及物动词被误用作及物动词（缺介词），或及物动词被误用作不及物动词（多介词）。前者如: complain the bad service there（应加of）后者如: consider of his suggestion（应删of）
4.短语动词。主要是带介词或副词的短语动词，常设计成介词或副词小品词的错误。由于这类错误主要是搭配问题，我们将它归入第二类用法搭配方面的错误一并讨论。
5.句型。这类错误主要涉及:
①动词句型。主要是带复杂宾语的动词的固定搭配模式。如: find it neccessary to do sth. /spend sometime（in）doing sth. /make sb.do sth. /leave sth.to sb. /be seen to do/doing sth.等。
②传统句型。即传统语法概念上与动词有关的句子模式。主要有以下几类: a）省略句型。如:
while watch tv，they heard someone upstairs shout“fire!fire!”（watch →watching）
b）动词非谓语形式作主语、宾语。有时需用it作形式主语或形式宾语。如: this is no good arguing with him.（this→it）
we think that necessary to have the bridge built first.（that→it）
在复合宾语中，有时可直接用动名词作宾语;动名词或动词不定式可以作主语，但动词原形则不能直接充当句子主语。如:
the new policy made to make our ends meet possible.（to make→making） know only the rules is not enough.（knows→knowing或to know）
6.语气、语态、时态。这类错误在数量上所占比例极少，主要是虚拟语气的用法错误、被动语态的误用及过去时与现在时的混用。
四）其他语法方面的错误
1.词性。涉及:①名词与动词的误用。如: approval——approve，sale——sell ②名词与形容词的误用。如: medicine——medical/ medicinal， emotion——emotional③形容词与副词的误用。如: high——highly，mere——merely
这类错误常出现在be以外的系动词后。如: feel badly→feel bad， grow uneasily→grow uneasy
2.代词。代词错误是短文改错中出现频率较高的几类错误之一，几乎每套试题中都有。主要涉及:
①指代错误。主要是第三人称代词指代的误用;不定代词one和those与人称代词you和them的混用及指人与指物的误用等。
②关系代词的误用。主要为that与which、who与which、as与which的误用;what与that的混用;
③形式代词it与this、that的误用。如:
find this important to preview the lesson（这里的this应改为形式宾语it）。
④不定代词的误用。主要为不定代词与指示代词these或人称代词的误用;somone/sombody、everyone/everybody被误用作复数指代;some-、any-类合成代词与no-类合成代词的混用等。
3.名词的数。这类错误主要涉及:①可数名词与不可数名词概念的混淆;②需用复数时误用单数;③不规则复数名词的曲折变化形式错误等。如: find a work→find a job 2 woman doctors→2 women doctors these phenomenon→these phenomena
4.冠词。主要为:①该用冠词时漏用;②不该用冠词时赘用;③the与a/ an误用;④a与an混用。如: tell truth→tell the truth give a rise to→give rise to a“s”sign→an“s”sign
5.主谓一致。这类错误常被设计在句型较为复杂的结构中，要特别小心。常见以下几种情况:
①主语较长或谓语动词离主语较远:
the child，being taken care of by its grandparents，are deaf and mute.（are →is）
②倒装句:
standing in a line along the corridor is3groups of young pioneers who will set out on an expedition.（is→are）
③定语从句:
the book many students found interesting that were written by a famous american scientist came out only last month.（were→was）
④特殊句型:
there are no denying the facts and there are no facts that can be turned a blind eye to either.（第一个are→is）
6.形容词、副词及其比较级。形容词和副词的错误设计主要为:①两者的词性混淆;②比较级错误。前者已在前面词性部分论及，后者主要涉及比较物与被比较物之间的平行问题。如:
my first daughter's eyes are a little larger than my second daughter.（→second daughter's）
五）近形近义类错误
1.近形。主要指在拼写上容易混淆的单词。如:
adapt-adopt，crash-crush，confirm-conform，desert-dessert，formal-former，ingenious-ingenuous，instance-instant，personal-personnel，principal -principle，stationary-stationery等。
2.近义。主要指词义概念相近的词。如:
besides-except，doubt-suspect，discover-invent，efficient-effective，noise-voice
3.近形近义。主要指词义概念和拼写上都容易相混的单词。这类错误比近形或近义较多见，相对难度也略大，这样的单词有:
across-cross，affect-effect，econimic-economical，emigrate-immigrate， historic-historical，continual-continuous，assure-ensure-insure-sure，late -later-lately-latest-latter，medical-medicinal，rise-arise-raise-arouse， technique-technology等。
三、解题方法
1.三步法解题:
（1）通读全文，了解全文大意和主题;
（2）找错并改正;
（3）通读全文，核对检验。
2.在短文改错过程中，还须遵循以下步骤:
（1）在理解句子的基础上，先从动词、句法的角度判断有无这方面的错误以及错误的位置;
（2）确定无句法错误后，再考虑用法、搭配和近形近义方面的错误; （3）在排除了上述两种可能后，应着重从语篇角度寻找有无上下文语义方面的错误（注意连接性词语和那些可能有反义词的词）;
（4）注意标有题号的各行与上行或下行相临处的错误;
（5）若经过以上步骤还无法判断错误所在，则应暂时放弃该行，而继续往下做，待做完全文，对全文有更深入、更完整的理解的基础上进行检验时再作判断。宜从介词及一些简单而易被忽视的语法角度的“细微处”多加考虑。
例：
one major decision which faces the american student ready to begin higher education is the choice of attending a large university or a small college.the large university
(provides wide range of specialized departments,as well numerous) 1.____
courses within such departments.the small college， (therefore，generally provides a limited number of) 2.____ (courses and specializations but offer a better student-faculty) 3.____
(ratio,thus permit individualized attention to students.) 4.____
because of its large student body（often exceeding 20,000）(consisting in many people from different countries,) 5.____
the university exposes its students to many different (culture，social and out-of-calss programmes. on the other) 6.____
hand，the smaller，more homogeneous（同类的）student
(body of the big college affords greater opportunities in)7.____
such activities. finally，the university closely approximates
(the real world and which provides a relaxed，impersonal，)8.____
and sometimes anonymous（隐姓埋名的）existence.on
(the contrast,the intimate atmosphere of the small college) 9.____
allows the student four years of structural living in which
(to expect and preparing for the real world.in making his) 10.____
choice among educational institutions the student must， therefore，consider a great many factors.
这是一篇比较综合性大学与一般学院的不同特点的说明文，从学生入学前对两类大学的选择这个角度阐述，以比较对照方式展开，共三个要点:①课程设置;②学生的社会、文化活动;③生活环境与气氛。
把握了短文的这些内容和特点后，我们应预测到短文中有较多互为反义的词语。可在改错时多加关注，现逐题解析如下:
71.as well→as well as，缺词题。属固定短语，as well as是连接性介词短语，as well可能出现在名词短语前。
72.therefore→however，错词题。连词错误，这题位于短文的第一个要点:课程设置方面两类大学的不同，要用到表示对照关系的转折词。
73.offer→offers，句子结构方面的错误。动词offer通过连词but与provides平行，同时受主语the small college支配。
74.permit→permitting，动词非谓语形式同时又是句子结构方面的错误。这里的permit与上一行的offer在句子结构上相互干扰，使不少考生陷入圈套，但如果两者在同一句法层次上的话，则permit前必须有并列连词，因为它是并列中的最后一项（语法规则:多项并列之最后两项之间必须有并列连词），由此可知两动词不是并列关系，连接性副词thus（或hence）前若没有并列连词，则其后面的动词一定是用现在分词，表示结果。
75.consisting in→consisting of，短语动词及介词搭配。根据上下文语义，这里应是“由…组成”而不是“在于”，故应当是consist of。
76.culture→cultural，并列结构与词性错误。上下文语义应是“使学生接触许多不同的文化、社会和课外活动”。
77.big→small，反义词。根据上下文，显然college属于小的学院。
78.删去and或which，多词题。句子结构及定语从句方面的错误。which 前有and，表示前面还必须有一与之并列的定语从句，但没有。故删去and，使which从句作real world的定语:让真实世界（作provides的逻辑主语）提供学生一种轻松的、非人格的、有时几乎是隐姓埋名的生活方式。或删去which，使provides与approximates并列。根据语义，这一改法比删去and更合逻辑。但两种改法都不算错。
79.on the contrast→on the contrary，固定短语用词错误。这题好多考生把介词on改成了in，主要想到了短词in contrast，但不能同时再删the，故无法以这一方式改动。
80.preparing→prepare，平行结构中的动词错误。在并列连词and前后显然要有形式一致的动词，但前面没有与preparing呼应的现在分词（注:同行中的living是in which中which的先行词，故一定是名词，而不是现在分词——这是词形表面上的干扰），故只能改动preparing使之与前面的动词不定式expect一致，这里也有考生将preparing改作prepares，用意是与句中谓语动词allows一致，但要注意，句中不定式expect是及物动词，它的宾语是“the real world”，必须与prepare for共享。
篇3：高考短文改错分析
高考短文改错分析
文章旨在用语料库的方法来研究高考短文改错的真实性,要考察的49种错误中,只有21中出现在高考命题中,而这21项的`比例也普遍比在语料库中的高.结果表明,高考改错题从整体上能代表中学生的常犯错误.
作 者：白雅 李自新 BAI Ya LI Zi-xin 作者单位：白雅,BAI Ya(河南财经学院,河南郑州,450000)李自新,LI Zi-xin(河南工业大学,外语学院,河南郑州,450052)
刊 名：郑州航空工业管理学院学报（社会科学版） 英文刊名：JOURNAL OF ZHENGZHOU INSTITUTE OF AERONAUTICAL INDUSTRY MANAGEMENT(SOCIAL SCIENCE EDITION) 年，卷(期)： 27(6) 分类号：H31 关键词：真实性 短文改错 语料库篇4：浅谈短文改错做题方法
浅谈短文改错做题方法
在近年的`高等学校招生全国统一考试中,英语测试卷都设置有短文改错题.它主要考查学生学习语言、运用语言的综合能力.它的分值也由以前的10分增加到15分.可见平时加大短文改错的练习是必须也是必要的.怎样才能帮助学生摆脱“做短文改错难”的困境呢?笔者就改错做题方法提出一些建议,浅谈一些体会.
作 者：李艳玲 作者单位：黄骅中学,河北・黄骅,061100 刊 名：科教文汇 英文刊名：EDUCATION SCIENCE & CULTURE MAGAZINE 年，卷(期)： “”(7) 分类号：G633.4 关键词：短文改错 做题方法与技巧 整体把握篇5：高中英语短文改错技巧
体裁和句式：
体裁以记叙文为主，句子结构以简单句为主过渡到以复合句和并列句为主。从近几年考试题来看，短文改错的句子平均长度趋于平稳，由于多数句子不是只占一行，所以只有读完整个句子，仔细分析，才能发现错误、纠正错误。但几乎每篇都有一个长达20多个词的句子。这就需要考生在这个句子中判断出二到三个地方有错或无错，增加了试题的难度。 归纳短文改错错误类型:
（一） 词法的测试
1.名词：主要是查名词是否可数，与其修饰语是否一致。
eg: 1） I have many hobby, such as football, sing, listen music.
Hobby是可数名词，在这要用复数形式；playing football是一项运动，football只是一种球； sing和listen to 要用动名词形式。
2） Do exercises do good to our healthy. exercise作运动讲是不可数名词，do exercise作主语要用动名词形式，谓动用单数；healthy是形容词， 这里要用名词形式。
3） Reading books is one of my hobby.
one of 后的名词应用复数形式。
2. 代词：对于短文中出现的每一个代词都要查一下它所指代的
内容及在句中的作用，注意其数、格、词性是否正确和前后是否一致，常考的代词包括人称代词、指示代词、反身代词、关系代词及疑问代词等。
1）He drove too fast, and the police stopped her.
前面提到的是he而后面却用her来代，故应将her改为him.
2）This is the best film which I have ever seen.
先行词前有最高级修饰应用关系代词that 而不是which。
3. 冠词：英语中只有三个冠词，但用起来却很复杂，在短文改
错中，错误不外乎该用冠词时没有用，不该用时却用了；该用an用了a，该用a（n）却用了the.
1） I meant to write letter and tell you all the things? letter为可数名词,故write后应加a.
2） I like playing the football. 去the
3） He is a honest boy. a改为an
4. 介词：检查介词主要是查介词与动词、形容词、名词的搭配， 介词惯用词组等是否正确。
1） I am writing to thank you with your kind help.
thank sb. for sth.为固定搭配，故应将with 改为for.
2） ?I’m the happiest in all.
此句想表达的意思是“我是所有人中最高兴的`”。故应将in改为 of.
3） Under the help of my father, I ? under 改为 with
4） He went to Beijing in next Sunday. in 改为on
5. 形容词、副词：形容词、副词的误用主要指在该用形容词的地方用了副词，该用副词的地方用了形容词。改错行中出现形容词或副词时就要仔细分析该形容词或副词修饰什么，形式是否正确，是原级、比较级还是最高级。形容词、副词误
用也是常考的改错项目之一。
1） I had not interest in English .interest是名词，应用形容词no来修饰，而not是副词，副词不能修饰名
2） These are the happier girls I’ve ever seen.（NMET）
此处有I’ve ever seen限定，应用最高级，故happier应改为 happiest.
3） You can borrow a book very easy. easy 改为easily.
4） These books are very worth reading. 用well 修饰
6. 连词：短文改错中出现连词就要判断连词用的是否正确，是否符合句子意思；连接的是词还是句子，是否符合逻辑关系。此外如果是平行结构就要注意前后时态、语态、词性一致问题
平行结构常借助与并列连词and , or , but , not only?but also?, ?not?but?, either?or?, neither ?nor?, as well as等。
1） As it has been raining these days, so we have decided to put off our sports meeting.
由于前句有As引导原因状语从句，因此后句不能再用so,故应把so 去掉。
2） The population is growing, but the earth must support too many people. 根据上下文意思判断，前后两个并列分句不存在意义上的折，
所以but应改为and或so.这是典型的并列连词误用。
7. 动词：动词错误在短文改错中所占比重最大，它所涉及的错误包括动词的时态、语态错误；易混动词的用法错误; 动词的第三人称单数错误；动词的非谓语形式，以及动词的句型搭配错误等。在改错题中，动词方面的考查比例较大。
1） 动词的时态、语态错误
a. I will write again and send you the photos we take together.
take photos动作发生在过去，应用过去时.
b. The book you borrowed from the library should returned in five days. 根据本句意义，should后应加上been，构成被动语态。
c. In school, I often playing football for my friends.
playing改为 play; for 改为with
2） 易混动词使用错误
a. I persuaded him to stop smoking, but he didn’t listen.
persuade 意为“说服”，强调成功的结果，而根据下句 he didn’t listen可知，劝说并没有成功，故应改persuaded为 advised.
b. You please rise your hands.
rise是不及物动词，而raise是及物动词，所以举手应用raise your hands.这属于及物动词与不及物动词的误用。
3） 非谓语动词使用错误
a. We are looking forward to see you on the birthday party.
look forward to 中的to是介词，应加动名词，将see改为seeing.
b. I’m sorry I keep you wait for a long time .I got caught in the traffic. 在任何情况下keep均和doing连用，如keep doing sth.;
keep sb. （sth）.doing sth. ;keep ?from doing? 等.
c. I’d like to your pen friend, and get to know more about your country. to后加be。因其后是名词，而不是动词原形，不能直接用to.
8. 词语固定搭配:
主要考查介词与动词、名词、形容词的固定搭配；副词、动词的固定搭配；及物动词后多介词或副词以及不及物动词后少介词，英语中的一些固定句型与习惯搭配等。
1） My teacher advised me to keep my diary.
keep a diary是固定搭配，意思是“写日记”.
2） In my surprise, he did very well in his previous job.
To one’s surprise 是固定搭配
3） I thought that was dull to watch a game?（NMET）
此题考查it的功能，It + be + adj. + to do为固定结构。
4） ?the activities are not only enjoyable and also helpful.解析：not only? but also?为固定结构，故将and 改为but.
5） I have no difficulty learn maths.
have difficulty （in） doing sth.为固定结构
6） He spends too much time play games. spend some time （in） doing sth.为固定结构
篇6：英语短文改错解题技巧
一、先通读全文。认真阅读短文，在做题之前确保已经弄清原文大意。根据短文大意和上下文逻辑关系，对文章进行逐字逐句的分析，检查句子的结构是否完整，语气是否连贯等等。
二、综合运用所学语言知识，根据各行不同的错误情况分别进行答题(即改词、加词或减词)。在短文改错中常出现的错误主要有以下几类：
1. 名词单复数用错，可数与不可数名词的混用。大多数短文改错都会有此类的错误。
如：they take him lots of good book and fresh fruit.(.陕西卷) 此处book改为books. book前用lots of修饰，应用复数。
2. 动词：时态和语态，常出现在总体时态为过去或现在时，中间杂有不适的另一时态的现象;或是及物动词后无宾语，或是不及物动词后加了宾语;需要接ing形式的接了to，或相反等。
如：The Sichuan Restaurant and the older fish shop across the street from our middle school were gone.(2009全国卷I)把were改为are。根据上文可知饭店和鱼店消失都陈述的是现在的情况。
3. 形容词副词：常出现需形容词的地方用了副词或相反;关系副词where， when， why等的缺失或错用。
如：He has a comfortable room， patiently nurses， and a great deal of time to read. (2009.陕西卷)此处patiently改为 patient.修饰名词nurses，用形容词。
4. 介词：主要是介词的多余或缺失，错用。这一部分需要平时多多积累，弄清常用介词的搭配。
5. 主谓一致性：第三人称单数漏掉s，或主语为复数，谓语动词用了单数;再就是就近原则对主语的影响。
6. 冠词：定冠词the的多余或缺失，如季节，月份，星期，球类及三餐活动，称呼头衔前等不能加the的地方加了the，或是same等常和the一起使用的词却漏税掉了the;a， an的混用，特别注意：hour， honest等虽然首字母不是元音字母，但其发音却是以元音素开头，故用an，而useful， university， European， one—hour等虽然首字母是元音字母，但却以辅音音素开头，故用a。
篇7：英语短文改错解题技巧
1. 谓语动词的错误是历年考试的重点和热点，常见动词错误类型有①一般现在时与一般过去时错用;②and前后动词时态不一致;③主谓不一致; ④缺少动词,特别是be动词; ⑤第三人称单数形式错用;⑥主动语态和被动语态错用。 Theydid not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote allmy time to my studies.(did改为do，错误类型属于①) As weclimbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and toldstories. (visiting 改为visited, 错误类型属于②) Therewill an important game next month. (will后加be,错误类型属于④) Oneevening she told me that something happened when her parents wasout. ( was 改为were，错误类型属于③)
2. 名词的常见错误：单复数名词错用，可数名词与不可数名词错用。I’ll get good marks in all mysubject.(subject改为subjects) Theirword were a great encouragement to me.(word改为words) Withoutenough knowledges, you can never teach well.(knowledges改为knowledge)
3. 连词错误 连词包括关系代词、副词，并列连词and/ or/but等。关于连词，一般考查从句关系who/whom/whose/what/which/how/why/when/where/if/whether等。 I havea good friend who’s name is Liu Mei. (错用了who的所有格形式，改为whose) I teachthem, play with them, but watch them growing up.(此处应该是并列的关系而非转折，but改为and) Cleveras she is, but she works very hard.(as意为“尽管”，不能再跟but连用，所以去掉but)
4. 冠词错误：误用a和an(根据单词的第一个音素来判定);误用a/an和the(固定搭配，或泛指、特指;多冠词或少冠词) We maybe one family and live under a same roof. (a 改为the，thesame 是固定搭配) Aseveryone knows, it’s famous mountain with all kinds ofpants. (mountain是可数名词需用冠词，所以其前加a) I hopeyou have pleasant journey.(journey是可数名词，故have后加a)
5. 形容词和副词错误：系动词后用形容词(be/am/is/are/was/were/become/go/感官性动词smell/feel);词性的误用(形容词修饰名词;副词修饰动词、形容词)。I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully timetogether. (time是名词所以要用形容词wonderful修饰) Mypronunciation was terribly.(was后用形容词，terribly改为terrible.)
破-解英语语法填空题技巧
1.有提示词填空的解题技巧
① 给出的提示词是名词:要考虑是否填名词的复数形式以及该名词的形容词、副词形式。
② 给出的提示词是动词:要认真分析句子的结构,理解句子的意思。
a. 如果填空处是谓语,要考虑时态、语态和动词的第三人称单数;
b. 如果填空处是非谓语,根据对句子成分的分析和对语境的理解,要考虑填to do、doing还是done,同时,也要考虑该动作发生时间的先后以及与主语的关系(是主动关系还是被动关系),并填写相应的形式;
c. 在平时的模拟题中,有时还要根据句意填写该动词的名词形式,甚至是形容词或者副词形式。
③ 给出的提示词是形容词:一般要考虑其副词形式以及比较级和高级形式,同时还要关注是否要加表示否定或其它意义的前缀、后缀。
④ 给出的提示词是副词:与形容词类似,要考虑其比较级和高级形式以及是否加前缀、后缀,同时也不能忽视其形容词形式。
⑤ 给出的提示词是人称代词:要考虑其与相应意思的形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词、反身代词的转换,值得注意的是,当填空处缺宾语且其与主语是同一人或物时才用反身代词,其它情况要慎用。
【总结】有提示词填空主要考查的角度有:名词单复数、词性转化、形容词和副词的比较级和高级变化、动词的时态和语态以及非谓语动词的各种形式、代词之间的转化。
2. 无提示词填空的解题技巧
① 代词:这类设空比较少,通常是根据句子意思填一个与语境相关的代词(通常是指示代词),这就要同学们认真体会句子意思了,在没有头绪时大胆猜想是否是填代词;
② 冠词:如果设空处后面是名词,那么可以考虑是否要填冠词,再根据句子意思分析是特指还是泛指,并填上合适的冠词,当然,在一些固定搭配中也会涉及冠词,这就要同学们做好积累了;
篇8： 短文改错的解题技巧
关于短文改错的解题技巧
一、短文改错命题规律分析
（一）考查表现英语学科显著特点的曲折附加成分。
英语学科的显著特点是指拼音文字所特有的表现形式，如动词的曲折变化，名词的曲折变化，代词的曲折变化，形容词副词比较等级的的曲折变化等。
A.动词的曲折变化。
英语动词多变的外在形式，包括动词现在时第三人称单数，动词过去时，过去分词，现在分词及动名词等，在这一类型的命题占相当比例，一般为5处左右,应切实引起重视。
B.名词复数的曲折变化。
C.代词的曲折变化。
D.形容词，副词比较等级的曲折变化。
E.词性的变化。
（二）考查学生受本族语影响容易犯的错误。
（三）考查学生在运用英语过程中可能出现的`错误，如：忽视句意的逻辑关系；忽视近似词语的差异；多用汉语表达中有而英语表达中无的词；忽视词与词，句与句的并列或从属关系。
二、短文改错解题步骤与技巧
1、通读全文，把握大意。
短文改错不同于单词改错，它涉及逻辑行文错误，及句子与句子之间必要的联系。单独看可是对的，但从整体看却与上下文不符，因此，事先必须通读全文，把握文章的大意及上下文之间的联系。
2、记住多，漏，错及正确项命题的数量比例。在短文改错中正确项一般只有一个，多项1到2个，漏项1到2个，错项5个左右。这一特点
告诉我们应从哪些方面去发现错误，怎样改正错误。
3、分句阅读，从以下几个方面去发现问题。
（1）实词的曲折变化，如动词的时态，语态变化，现在时第三人称单数形式变化，非谓语动词的形式变化，名词的单复数变化，代词与格的变化，形容词，副词比较等级的变化等。
（2）冠词，不定式符号，不定代词等一些名词前的限定词是否多用，少用或错用。
（3）句子中的平行现象以及上下文中的一致现象。
（4）表示肯定与否定，全否定与部分否定，转折，让步，因果关系的词是否用得恰当，是否影响了句子与句子之间的逻辑关系。
4、复读全文，消除疏忽。
做完后，应把改正后答案放在短文中去复读一遍，一查是否通顺恰当，二查该加符号的地方是否用了该用的符号，以保证答题的准确率。
篇9：高考复习短文改错精选
试题预览
高考复习短文改错精选12篇
1.
Dear Editor,
I’m the only daughter of my parents. So they worried 1.__________
about everything I do. For example, when I ride my bike, my 2.__________
parents won’t let me to ride by myself. They are afraid I might3.__________
fall off from my bike and hurt myself. They are taking great trouble 4.__________
to support a bike, with my mother even carrying a first-aid box. 5.__________
I’m not free to ride and I often say angry, “Why not let me ride alone?” 6.__________
Now, most family have one child. Parents want to do everything 7.__________
For their children. This does no good to them. Too many love from 8.__________
Parents may prevent children from independent. In my opinion,9.__________
Parents should let their children do that they should do alone. 10._________
KEYS: 1. worried---worry 2. V 3. 去掉to 4. 去掉from 5. a---the 6. angry---angrily
7. family---families 8. many---much 9.from后加being 10. that---what
2.
My friend Paul will never forget his chemical teacher. 1.___________
He was a little man with thick glasses, and he had 2 .___________
A strange way of making his classes live and interesting.3 .___________
And his lessons were not easily forgotten.
Paul remembers one of his first lesson from his teacher. 4.____________
After all the students were in the chemistry lab, the teacher brought 5._____________
Out three bottles. One was full with petrol, one with castor oil and 6._____________
One with vinegar. “Now watch carefully,” said the teacher.
He filled a cup with some the petrol, some of the castor oil7._____________
And some of the vinegar. As the students watched him, he mixes the 8._____________
Three together. After that, he held up one his fingers and showed to the 9._____________
Class. He then dipped it into the cup and said “ You must do everything
as I do it.” 10.____________
KEYS: 1. chemical---chemistry 2. and ---but 3. live---lively 4.lesson---lessons 5. V
6. full---filled 7. some后加of 8. mixes---mixed 9. showed后加it 10. 去掉it
3.
I was used to complain about my English teacher 1.___________
for her bad English. I was also tired with her teaching methods, 2.___________
it were always slow and boring. However, my attitude towards3.___________
her began to change after one afternoon. It was raining4.___________
heavily and I didn’t attend to school. Around 5:30 pm I received 5.___________
a phone call. “ Are you all right?” asked my English teacher in quiet 6.___________
voice. On hearing his words, I was shocked and my mind was 7.___________
flooded with mixing feelings. She was showing her concern 8.___________
for me, though I have not been happy with her! Was she just 9.___________
acting, and should I smooth away my past misunderstanding of her? 10.___________
KEYS: 1.去掉was 2. with---of 3. it---which 4.V 5. 去掉to/attend---go 6. in后加a
7. his---her 8.mixing---mixed 9.have---had 10.and---or
4.
Yesterday my family went to Nanchang because of1.
my grandmother had a birthday. This year he is seventy years old. 2.
In the morning we went there by car and then we went 3.
to the photo studio. There we all put down the clothes like 4.
the Tang Dynasty’s and take a family picture. 5.
At noon, we entered into a restaurant, and we each ordered6.
the long life noodles and another foods that must be prepared, 7.
Then I began to congratulate my grandmother in her birthday. 8.
I wished my grandmother good health and long life. After our
lunch, we came back. 9.
How a wonderful day we had! 10.
KEYS: 1.去掉of 2. he ---she 3. V 4. down-on 5. take-took
6.去掉into 7. another-other 8. in-on 9.and 后加a 10. How-What
5
Today, my mother comes to my school to visit me, because 1.
the weather turned very cold. She took come clothes for me 2. &nb
篇10：高考英语短文改错解题技巧
短文改错对考生的要求较高，是对语言知识综合运用能力的考查，考生在该项上往往失分较多，那么如何做好改错题，结合自己数年的教学经验，笔者认为要想在短文改错上取得理想的成绩，除了平时打好基础外，在应考时还要做到以下几点：
一、先通读全文。认真阅读短文，在做题之前确保已经弄清原文大意。根据短文大意和上下文逻辑关系，对文章进行逐字逐句的分析，检查句子的结构是否完整，语气是否连贯，启承转合是否符合文意等。
二．综合运用所学语言知识，根据各行不同的错误情况分别进行答题（即改词、加词或减词）。在短文改错中常出现的错误主要有以下几类：
1. 名词：单复数用错，可数与不可数名词的混用。大多数短文改错都会有此类的错误。如：
Happy birthday, Peter, and many happy return of the day! ( 北京春考)，
此句中return虽然可以作可数名词也可做不可数名词，但此处显然为可数名词，故应用其复数，returns。
（1）On the way up I was busy taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful. 81（NMET ）句中picture应为pictures
（2）Their word were a great encouragement to me. 85（NMET ）
句中word应为words
（3） …but after class we become stranger at…83 (NMET )
句中stranger应为strangers
2. 动词：时态和语态，常出现在总体时态为过去或现在时，中间杂有不适的另一时态的现象；或是及物动词后无宾语，或是不及物动词后加了宾语；需要接ing形式的接了to，或相反等。如：
（1）Around the world young people are spending a lot of money in listening pop music.
本句中listen是不及物动词，不能直接接宾语，应在其后加to。
（2）She liked it very much and reads it to the class. All said the story was a good one.84（NMET 2003）
句中reads应为过去式read
（3）As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories.80（NMET 2002）
此句visiting 应为visited
（4）One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher. 83 （NMET 2003）
此句中showed是及物动词，其后要加it作其宾语。
（5）Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was learning to express me in simple English. 81 (NMET 2003)
句中talk应为talking, 因为enjoy后接doing.
3. 形容词副词：常出现需形容词的地方用了副词或相反；关系副词where, when, why等的缺失或错用，如：
（1） I would describe myself as shy and quietly. 77（NMET 2004）
句中副词quietly 应改为形容词quiet
（2） It was about noon ˇwe arrived at the foot of the mountain. 78 （NMET 2002）
此句we的前面缺了关系副词when, when在此处引导一个时间状语从句。
（3） I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China. 89 (NMET )
此句中，where应改为which,因为关系副词不能在句中定语从句中做主语。
4. 介词：主要是介词的多余或缺失，错用。这一部分需要平时多多积累，弄清常用介词的搭配。
（1）We must keep in mind that we play for the team instead ˇourselves.92 (NMET )
此句中instead 和ourselves之间需加上of, 因为instead是副词，本身不可以接名词。
（2） I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow. 85（NMET 2002）句中at多余。
（3） The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese… 77（NMET 2003）
句中in多余。
（4） I’m a newcomer here of a small town. 76（NMET 2004）
句中of 应改为from
5. 主谓一致性：第三人称单数漏掉s，或主语为复数，谓语动词用了单数；再就是就近原则对主语的影响。
Now my picture and the prize is hanging in the library.（NMET 2000）
此句中主语是my picture and the prize, is 应改为are.
6. 冠词：定冠词the的多余或缺失，如季节，月份，星期，球类及三餐活动，称呼头衔前等不能加the的地方加了the，或是same等常和the一起使用的词却漏税掉了the；a, an的混用，特别注意：hour, honest等虽然首字母不是元音字母，但其发音却是以元音素开头，故用an，而useful, university, European, one-hour等虽然首字母是元音字母，但却以辅音音素开头，故用a。如：
As everyone knows, it’s ˇfamous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals. 76 （NMET 2002）
此处famous前应加上冠词a
7. 数词：主要是序数词与基数词的混用和错用，如分数的分子大于一时分母没有用复数等，基数词的复数形式如几百hundreds of，几千thousands of漏掉了s，或是当其前有具体数字或several时加了复数，如seven hundred，写作seven hundreds。
8. 连词：不合句中的逻辑关系。如需转折连词（如but)的时候用了承接连词(so)，或相反等等。如：
（1）The food was expensive and the service was good. 84（NMET 2002）
根据句意，此句中连词and应改为 but 。
（2） I am trying to improve the situation since it doesn’t seem to work. 84 （NMET 2004）
此句中since应改为but。
9. 代词：主要是代词的格与数的错用。如男性用了女性代词，单数用了复数代词或相反；应当用形容词性的物主代词用了宾格，主格或相反，关系代词的错用或缺失。如只能用that引导的用了其它，或在不能用that的地方却用了that，或是在“介词+关系代词”结构中漏掉了介词等。如：
（1） …I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate anything into English. 78（NMET 2003）此句中不定代词anything应改为everything
（2） I was learning to express me in simple English. 82（NMET 2003）
此句中me应改为其反身代词myself。
10. 常用固定短语或固定用法用错。
（1）Before my classmates, it seems always difficult for me to do things well as them.78（NMET 2004）
此句中，well 前应加as ，as well as 是固定搭配
（2）Like most of my schoolmates, I have neither brothers nor sisters---in any other words , I’m an only child . (NMET )
此句中，in any other words应改为in other words ，属固定短语。
（3）Can you tell me about what I should do? 85（NMET 2004）
应去掉about ，tell sb+wh 从句，是固定用法，而tell sb.+ of/about后需接 sth.
三、验证答案。改完后，要回过头来重读一遍全文，查看改过后是否能使语气通顺，时态一致，合乎逻辑。再次通读可以在初改时感觉不顺的地方集中精力，仔细推敲，使答案更加准确。因为有时就一个句子来看可能在两个地方修改都说地过去，但在上下文中可能只能在一处修改才正确
篇11：高三短文改错解析二则
作者：张荣
( I )
I can't swim because I have a strong fear of water. Look back 1. ________
my childhood experiences, I think that three reasons might 2. ________
explain the fear. The first reason is that I was not allow to go 3. ________
near the water when I was a child, for my mother had a 4. ________
unreasonable fear of it. So, even as a child that I was taught to 5. ________
see the water as something danger. Second, my eyes 6. ________
became bad when I was five. If I took off my glass in the 7. ________
water, I couldn't see anything, or this increased my fear. 8. ________
The worst part of my experience is that as a child I saw 9. ________
a neighbor drowned. After then I have been more frightened. 10. ________
( II )
Decorate the Christmas tree is usually a family event. For many families, 1. ________
it starts with choosing a tree from either a farm and a store. Then the tree 2. ________
is brought at home and put into a Christmas stand that holds the tree up 3. ________
straight. Then everyone helps to hang balls and light. After the tree is 4. ________
decorated, a Christmas tree skirt rapped around the bottom of the tree. 5. ________
Sometime, people make all of the decorations for the tree by themselves. 6. ________
Many people collect Christmas trees decorations throughout their lifetime, 7. ________
adding a new decoration each year. Beside lights and balls, people may 8. ________
also put flowers, pine cones, strings of pop corn and garlands (花环) on the 9. ________
tree, There are as much different ways to decorate a tree as there are people! 10. ________
【答案与解析】
( I ) 1. Look→Looking。此处应该用现在分词作状语。2. my前面加on / upon。look back on / upon是固定短语,意为“回顾”。3. allow→allowed。此处应该用被动语态。4. 第二个a→an。unreasonable fear是以元音音素开头,故用不定冠词an。 5. 去掉that。此句是简单句,that是多余用词。6. danger→dangerous。形容词修饰复合不定代词。7. glass→glasses。复数名词glasses意为“眼镜”。 8. or→so。此处表达因果关系。9. 本行无错。10. After→Since。介词短语since then常与现在完成时态连用。
( II ) 1. Decorate→Decorating。此处应该用动名词作主语。2. and→or。either... or... 是固定短语,意为“或者......或者......”。3. 去掉at。home在此句中是副词, at属多余用词。 4. light→lights。light意为“灯”,是可数名词,与balls是并列关系。5. rapped前面加is。此处是被动语态。6. Sometime→Sometimes。此处应该用Sometimes表达“有时候”。7. trees→tree。此处是名词作定语,应该用单数形式。8. Beside→Besides。根据语义,此处表达“除了......之外”。9. 本行无错。10. much→many。本句中的ways是可数名词复数形式,故用“as many...as”。
篇12：高三短文改错解析一则
作者：蔡振全
The zoo has big basket for rubbish. People can throw 1. ________
waste into them. On that Saturday afternoon there 2. ________
are usually a lot of people around the cages which 3. ________
the lovely animals are kept, and last Saturday nobody was 4. ________
there. Mr. Patties was surprised. But he was even much 5. ________
surprised to see few children around the basket near 6. ________
the tiger's cage. He quickly came up and looked over 7. ________
their heads and saw a little rat run about in the basket 8. ________
and looking for food. The rat was afraid and the children 9. ________
were interested in the rat than in the tigers. 10. ________
【答案与解析】
1. basket→baskets。用可数名词复数形式表示类别。2. 去掉 that。此处表示泛指。3. which前 加in或者将which 改为where。关系副词在定语从句中作状语,修饰 are kept。4. and→but 5. much→more。even修饰比较级,此处even more surprised意为“更加惊讶”。 6. few前加a或few改为some。从下文看,在垃圾箱周围站着一些孩子,所以此处表示肯定意义。 7. came→went 8. run→running。用现在分词作saw的宾语补足语,表示当时的情景“小老鼠正跑来跑去”。9. 此行无错。 10. 在interested前加more构成比较级。
篇13：高三短文改错解析一则
作者：张荣
Dear Susan,
I'm back at school now. Thank you very much at 1. ________
the wonderfully week I spent with you and your family. 2. ________
During my stay there you taught me how swim, boat 3. ________
and fish. I really appreciate your took me around your 4. ________
town and I really enjoyed myself very much. Your mother 5. ________
is such good cook that I think I must have put on nearly 6. ________
3 kilogram in just one week. I'll remember forever the 7. ________
seven happy days when we spent together. I hope you'll be 8. ________
able visit our school. Thank you again. Let's keep 9. ________
in touch with each other. Remember me for your family. 10. ________
Yours,
Tom
[答案与解析]
1. at → for。thank sb. for sth.是固定短语,意为“因某事感激某人”。 2. wonderfully → wonderful。此处应该用形容词修饰名词。 3. swim前加to。“疑问词+动词不定式”作宾语。 4. took → taking。appreciate后面应该接动名词,此处是动名词的复合结构作宾语。 5. 本行无错。 6. such后面加a。cook是单数可数名词,因此,在good cook前面应该有不定冠词。7. kilogram → kilograms。kilogram是可数名词,其前面有数词“3”修饰,故用复数形式。8. when → that / which或去掉when。虽然先行词是表示时间的名词days, 但它在从句中作spent的宾语,故用that / which引导定语从句或省略关系代词,即去掉when。 9. visit前面加to。此处使用的是be able to do短语。 10. for → to。remember me to sb. 是固定短语,意为“向某人转达自己的问候; 代自己向某人问好”。
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