初中英语常考作文
“haisea”通过精心收集，向本站投稿了15篇初中英语常考作文，以下是小编帮大家整理后的初中英语常考作文，欢迎大家分享。
篇1：初中英语作文经典常考
Basketball is my favorate sports. Different people love different sports,and in the GAME, the ethletic according to his or her talent take part in the different games. But , for me i love basketball so much!
First, basketball game is a team game,so every body have to support and coporation together that can finish this game well.
second, basketball game is a way for relax. it's good for body and good for mind too.
fanilly,it's a good exercise to everybody, it is good to our health.
In all ，basketball game is my favorate sports.。
篇2：初中英语作文常考
Today, we look back at our hometown and you will be surprised to find out. Our hometown is different from the past, so you will want to see it.
Please review the environment in my hometown before.
Our hometown is like this. There are some lakes in our hometown. You don't know for sure that the lake is beautiful. I will congratulate you on the word “yes.” Our hometown is not only beautiful, but also has no litter. In the dustbin, many people hear the word 'garbage can' disgusting, because the dustbin has a lot of rubbish, not only that. And there was a sense of nausea. Then I'll tell you. Our dustbin is a daily work of the villagers, and there is no garbage, and there is no feeling of vomiting.
Here, see how our hometown is now.
Now, we have a building, but it is ruining the beautiful lakes, people would rather put the rubbish into the beautiful lakes and smelled a very nauseated, also don't want to clean the lake.
篇3：初中英语作文常考
My best friend. Her voice, gestures, like flipping the stain, lingering in my mind.
She is plain, is always dressed in a white sportswear. Her name is meaningful because she likes to eat “is green didn't eat, eat is red, spit it out is black, watermelon.” As a result, her name is chancy.
She studies very well. An enviable, many people because the wrestled with her. Read English in a cram school teacher roll call to let her. She picked up the English book from the table, straightened up, use the read out loud voice. She gracefully, articulate, read smoothly, their English. Chancy not only a good knowledge of English, mathematics or envy letting a person. The test, I got a step careless, at sixes and sevens. And she is easily captured the first. Class is to encourage me, help me solve problems you do not understand. Gradually, we both became best friends. Play together, study together, talk together. The sunset is always our shadows lengthen.
篇4：初中英语作文常考
Sunny 3rd August
Today was the second day of our Hong Kong visit. I was very happy as yesterday. But I felt tired a lot. I didn't want to stay at guesthouse, so I planted to go window-shopping with my parents in Times Square. There were many kinds of goods, but you could choose the one you liked best easily。Also, there were many designer-label stores in Times Square, such as DNKY、MAXMARA、MAX&CO、BOSS and so on. Among others, there was a famous bookstore called PAGEONE.At last, I bought a beautiful skirtand some books。Then I was exhausted but I didn't care in the slightest
篇5：初中英语作文常考
When people are in the public, they have the sense that they should not speak loudly in the public place and they should not jump the line and so on, these are rules for them, though it is not the law makes it, but the power of morality. Self-behave seems easy to do, but when the great temptation comes, self-behave will be changed quickly.
It has been reported that in Hong Kong, a police car which was loaded with crash attracted many people to grab the money when the crash slipped down from the police car. It was such crazy, the money should be handed to the band, while on its way to the bank, people grabbed some and then left quickly. Two days later, the police found back most of the money, some people who refused to return the money were caught into the prison.
Self-behave is not easy, people are easy to obey the public rules on the small issues, while when the great temptation comes, these rules are easy to be broken. The one who can refuse to the great temptation can say he is totally self-behave.
篇6：初中英语作文常考
My mother is one of the most important persons for me in the world.
When I was a little child,my mother was my sky. Kind and patient,she taught me everything,such as“What's flower”,“What's tree”... Body and soul it was her who bring me to this world.
As each day went by,I grow up gradually,from crawling to walking. During this transfer,I fell again and again,which hit me a lot. Nonetheless whenever I thought about giving up,the spur from my mother came. “Cheer up! Your troubles will soon be overed! ”or“Don't let it discourage you,try again!”... With these sentences which were saturated with encouragement,I overcame difficulties one after another.
Now,there is a long distance between us because of my going to college. But all about where and when,I'll not forget her face,smile,as well as her encouraging words. I always know that I couldn't have got this achievement without her care and help. Finally,sincere thanks go to my mom.
She will always be in my heart.
篇7：初中英语作文常考
If you watch the Hollywood movies, you must be very familiar to the name Tom Cruise. He is famous all around the world. Early in the s, Tom Cruis played many popular roles in the hot movies. His handsome face helps him win many female fans, they are crazy about Tom, at that time, every girl wanted to marry him. Tom’s most popular role is in the movie Impossible mission. He played as a spy, carrying out all kinds of the dangerous missions. Now the movie has come to the series , which proves that Tom is very successful in playing the spy. Tom has two marriage, he and his second wife has a daughter. His daughter is very beautiful, she catches the media’s attention all the time. Tom loves his daughter very much, he spends a lot of time with her. Tom is a good father.
篇8：初中英语作文题目常考
In the past three years, the life of middle school has impressed me deeply. Many stories happened. The following is one of them.
Xiao Ming was one of my good friends. One day, a little thing caused a serious quarrel between us. From then on, we didn't talk to each other. I had hoped to make peace with him but I finally failed to do that because of my being afraid of losing face. Not until he moved to another city with his parents did I know I lost my friend forever.
The lesson I learned from this is that if you realize your mistakes, you should correct them at once, or you may leave yourself lasting regrets.
篇9：初中英语满分作文常考
In the biology class, my teacher likes to assign tasks to us. As a result, we always need a partner to finish homework. It is hard to find a suitable partner. I have changed many partners until I met Lucy. Lucy was a new student here. She just came to this class this semester because her parents changed their jobs. She asked me to be a team with her and I said yes. I found Lucy and I had a lot of things in common, like both of us liked to examine books many times and we were very carefully about experiments. I enjoyed doing homework with her. She was the best partner.
篇10：初中英语作文80词常考
People always like to ask who is the most beautiful woman in the world, then the name Audrey Hepburn will never be missed. Though Hepburn died in the early 1990s, she is discussed by the public all the time. The first time for me to see Hepburn’s picture, I was impressed by her beautiful outlook, she was so elegant, her beauty caught my eye, I looked at the picture for a long time. In order to know her well, I saw her movies. Her first movie Roman Holiday is very famous, she acted as the princess, she played so well, I always treated her as the real princess. I believe no one can take her place, her temperament makes her stand out. Though Hepburn has died for a long time, she is remembered by the world, she is just like the angel falling into the earth.
篇11：初中英语作文80词常考
Good living habits are important to our lives, which ensure us a healthy body and a good mood. Having a good rest is the basic, so that we can have enough energy in the whole day. Otherwise, we can do nothing if we were sleepy. Therefore, remember to sleep and get up early. Besides, eating healthily also plays an important role. There is an old saying goes, “A close mouth catches no flies.” That is telling us pay attention to our eating. Finally, doing exercises is essential. It brings us health as well as relaxation and pleasure. Many stress and negative emotions can be drained away by doing exercises. In short, healthy living habits bring many benefits, although sometimes you even do not realize.
篇12：初中英语作文常考80词
When the owner is not at home, the family may be messy mess, I want to invent a robot it can help the owner of the dishes were washed clean, the bed was neat, to sweep the spot, it will put Clothes washed clean, folded neatly, into the closet, and then wait for the owner to check home! The following are the same as the “
This robot is very hard, but if there is no electricity, this robot will be 'hungry' down, so I designed this robot as long as it kept moving, work, it will automatically generate electricity. It can also housekeeping, to prevent theft. If no electricity the owner can also directly told him to serve the water, the snack! The following are the same as the ”
With such a robot can be really convenient!
篇13：初中英语常考易错题
1.Japan is ________ the east of China.
A. in B. to C. on D. at
答案: B ( in 表示在范围里的, on表示紧挨着的; to 表示在范围以外的)
2.The postman shouted, “ Mr Green, here is a letter _______ you.”
A. to B. from C. for D. of
答案: C ( 选择A的同学要注意to 表示动作的方向, for表示有利益关系)
3.We can’t do it ________ your help.
A. with B. of
C. under D. without
答案: D. (选择C的同学要注意中文的干扰, 借助某人的帮助要用with,反之用without)
4.He hasn’t heard from his friend __________ last month.
A. since B. by the end of
C. for D. until
答案: A (选择B的同学要注意B选项为过去完成时的时间;选择C的同学要注意, for+时间段; 选择D的同学要注意不是not…until 句型。)
5.I didn’t buy the dictionary yesterday _________ my aunt would give me one.
A. until B. because
C. if D. before
答案: B (选择A的同学要注意语境)
6.I’m going to look for another job ________ the company offers me more money.
A. after B. unless
C. when D. for
答案: B ( 选择其它三项的同学要注意语境, 这里是指除非公司给我更多工资,否则我就要找其它工作.)
7.Don’t hurry. The bus won’t start___ everybody gets on.
A. since B. as
C. until D. when
答案: C (选择D的同学要注意前面是否定.)
8.Please show me _________ to send an e-mail, John. It’s the first time for me to do it.
A. how B. what
C. when D. where
答案：A (选择C的同学要注意认真看题，这里的time不是时间，而是指第一次)
9.You’ve passed the exam. I’m happy ______ you.
A. on B. at C. in D. for
答案：D (选择A的同学要注意记忆词组的准确性.)
10.I wonder ________ they finished so many different jobs in such a short time.
A. why B. how
C. when D. where
答案：B (选择A的同学要注意语境，这里指他们怎么能在如此短的时间里完成如此多的困难的工作.)
11.―― Do you speak English?
――Yes, I speak ________ a little English ______ some French.
A. neither, not B. both, or
C. either, or D. not only, but also
答案：D (选择C的同学要注意语境.)
12.______ the maths problem is difficult, I’ll try very hard to work it out.
A. Though B. When
C. Before D. After
答案：A (选择B的同学要注意语境.不能说当题目难的时候，我会努力算出它。)
13 .The accident took place _______ a cold February evening.
A. on B. in C. at D. for
答案：A (选择B的同学要注意，在特指的具体的早上、下午、晚上，不用in要用on。)
14.He turned ______ the radio because his father was asleep.
A. on B. down C. up D. over
答案：B (根据语境：他调低了收音机的音量，因为他的爸爸在睡觉。)
15.I don’t know the homework _______ today.
A. on B. in C. of D. for
答案：D (选择C的同学要注意of表示从属关系，要注意中文的干扰。)
16.―― Oh, it’s raining heavily.
―― Please don’t leave ________ it stops.
A. when B. after
C. since D. until
答案: D (考查not...until...结构。选择其它选项的同学要注意读懂句子, 只有把语境搞清楚才能答对问题。)
17.Jane said she would come here ________ 9:00 and 9:30 tomorrow morning.
A. from B. at
C. between D. around
答案: C (选择B的同学没有把体看完整; 选择A的同学没有注意到from…to…的搭配.)
篇14：初中英语常考易错题
1.Some people like to stay at home, but ________ like to go to the cinema.
A. another
B. other
C. others
D. other one
答案: C. (选择B的同学要牢记: some…., others….)
2.―― Is this your shoe?
―― Yes, but where is _________?
A. the other one
B. other one
C. another one
D. the others
答案: A. (选择C的同学要注意鞋是两只, another指的是三者或者三者以上。)
3.―― When shall we meet again next week?
―― _______ day is possible. It’s no problem with me.
A. Either
B. Neither
C. Every
D. Any
答案: D. (选择C的同学要注意every指的是每一天都见面, any指的是任何一天都可以，注意中文的干扰。)
4.Have you ever seen ________ big panda before?
A. a such
B. such a
C. so a
D. a so
答案: B (选择A的同学要注意词组记忆的准确性)
5.―― _______ do you write to your parents?
―― Once a month.
A. How long
B. How soon
C. How often
D. How far
答案: C. ( 选择A的同学要注意中文的干扰。由回答知道这里指的是写信的频率, 用how often表示。)
6.Robert has gone to _________ city and he’ll be back in a week.
A. other
B. the other
C. another
D. any other
答案：C (选择其它三项的同学要注意，这里没有说只有两座城市，因此不能用.)
7.―― A latest magazine, please.
――Only one left. Would you like to have ________?
A. it
B. one
C. this
D. that
答案：A (选择B的同学要注意这里指的是上一句中提到的那本杂志，不能用表示泛指的不定代词one，it指同类同物。 )
8.―― Which book would you like to borrow?
―― ________ of the two books is OK with me.
A. Either
B. Both
C. Any
D. None
答案：A (选择B的同学要注意 is 表示单数。)
9.He knows _________ English ________ French. But he’s very good at Japanese.
A. either; or
B. both; and
C. neither; nor
D. either; nor
答案：C (选择A和B的同学要注意语境，but表示转折。)
10.―― What do your parents do?
――One is a teacher; _________ is a driver.
A. other
B. another
C. the other
D. that one
答案: C (选择其它三个选项的同学要注意, one is …, the other is …的用法。)
11.Mrs. Lee teaches ________ math. We all like her.
A. we
B. us
C. our
D. ours
答案: B (选择C的同学要注意, teach +人+科目, 而不能用teach +某人的+ 科目)
12.There are many trees on ________ side of the street.
A. either
B. any
C. all
D. both
答案：A (选择D的同学要注意side为单数。选择B的同学要注意：街道只有两边，因此不能用any。)
13.________ is the population of the city?
A. How many
B. What
C. How many people
D. How much
答案：B (在问到人口是多少时，其实是在说“人口数是什么”，因此不能用A，要注意排除中文的干扰。)C
篇15：初中英语常考时态总结
一般现在时
1. 概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
2. 基本结构：①is/am/are;②do/does
否定形式：①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。
3. 一般疑问句：①把is/am/are动词放于句首;②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。
4. 用法
1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。
例如：I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。
2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。
例如：The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。
Shanghai lies in the east ofChina. 上海位于中国东部。
3) 表示格言或警句。
例如：Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。
注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。
例如：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。
4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。
例如：I don't want so much. 我不要那么多。
Ann writes good English but does not speak well.安英语写得不错，讲的可不行。
5) 一般现在时表示将来含义
a. 下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时可以表示将来，主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。
例如：The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。
When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes. 汽车什么时候开?十分钟后。
b. 在时间或条件句中。
例如：When Bill comes (不是will come), ask him to wait for me. 比尔来后，让他等我。
I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我到了那里，就写信给你。
一般过去时
1. 概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
2. 基本结构：①was/were;②行为动词过去式
否定形式：①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句：①was或were放于句首;②用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。
3. 用法
1) 在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。
时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。
例如：Where did you go just now? 刚才你上哪儿去了?
2) 表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。
例如：When I was a child, I often played football in the street.
我是个孩子的时候，常在马路上踢足球。
Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.
那时，布朗一家无论什么时候去，都受到热烈欢迎。
注意：used to + do：“过去常常”表示过去习惯性的动作或状态，但如今已不存在。
例如：Mother used not to be so forgetful. 老妈过去没那么健忘。
Scarf used to take a walk. 斯卡夫过去常常散步。
现在进行时
1. 概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
2. 时间状语：now, at this time, these days, etc.
3. 基本结构：am/is/are+doing
否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.
一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。
4. 用法：
1) 表示现在(指说话人说话时)正在发生的事情。
例如： We are waiting for you. 我们正在等你。
2)习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。
例如：Mr. Green is writing another novel. 他在写另一部小说。(说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。)
3) 表示渐变，这样的动词有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。
例如：The leaves are turning red. 叶子在变红。
It's getting warmer and warmer. 天越来越热了。
4) 与always, constantly, forever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。例如：
You are always changing your mind. 你老是改变主意。
5) 用现在进行时表示将来
下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等瞬时动词的现在进行时可以表示将来。
例如：I'm leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了。
Are you staying here till next week? 你会在这儿呆到下周吗?
过去进行时
1. 概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.
我兄弟骑车时摔了下来，受了伤。
When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.
我到达山顶时，阳光灿烂。
2. 时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。
3. 基本结构：was/were+doing
否定形式：was/were + not + doing.
一般疑问句：把was或were放于句首。
4. 用法
1) 过去进行时表示过去某段时间内持续进行的动作或者事情。
We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.
昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。
2) 过去进行时可以表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情。
时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。
What was she doing at nine o'clock yesterday?
昨天晚上九点她在做什么? (介词短语表示时间点)
She was doing her homework then.
那个时候她正在写作业。(副词表示时间点)
When I saw him he was decorating his room.
当我看见他的时候他正在装饰房间。 (when从句表示时间点)
3) 在复合句中，如果主要动作和背景动作都是延续的或同时发生的，那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时。
When he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.
他边等车边看报。 (两个动作都是延续的)
He was cleaning his car while I was cooking.
他擦车时我在做饭。(两个动作同时进行)
一般将来时
1. 概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。
2. 时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, in a few minutes, by the day after tomorrow, etc.
3. 基本结构：①am/is/are/going to + do;②will + do.
否定形式：①am/is/are+not+going to + do②will not(won't)+ do.
一般疑问句：①am/is/are放于句首;②will提到句首。
4. will主要用于在以下三个方面：
1) 表示主观意愿的将来。
They will go to visit the factory tomorrow.
明天他们将去厂参观工厂。
I’ll come with Wang Bing, Liu Tao and Yang Ling.
我将和王兵、刘涛、杨玲一起来。
2) 表示不以人的意志为转移的客观的将来。
Today is Saturday. Tomorrow will be Sunday.
今天是星期六。明天是(将)是星期日。
He will be thirty years old this time next year.
明年这个时候他就(将)三十岁。
3) 表示临时决定，通常用于对话中。
—Mary has been ill for a week.
玛丽病了一周了。
—Oh, I didn't know. I will go and see her.
噢，我不知道。我去看看她。
5. be going to主要用于一下两个方面：
1) 表示事先经过考虑、安排好打算、计划要做某事。
Dad and I are going to watch an opera this afternoon.
今天下午我和爸爸打算去看歌剧。
2) 表示根据目前某种迹象判断，某事非常有可能发生，表示推测。
Look! There come the dark clouds. It is going to rain.
瞧!乌云密集。天要下雨了。
中考英语时态易错知识点汇总
一. 易混动词
1. 几个“花费”:spend,take,pay,cost
(1) spend多用人作主语,后接金钱或时间。spend...on sth/ (in)doing sth。如:
I spent 15 yuan on this new book.
买这本新书我花了15元。
(2) take常用于 “It takes sb some time to do sth”句型中,如:
It often takes me half an hour to go to school by bike every day.
我每天骑车去学校要花半小时。
(3) pay常与for连用,表“付给……款”。如:
I paid 15 yuan for this new book.
(4) cost常用物作主语,表“价值或花费多少钱”。如:
This new book costs me 15 yuan.
2. 几个“看”:look,see,watch,read,find
look看,表动作,look at。
see看见,表结果;也可说看电影“see a film”。
watch观看比赛、演出、电视等。
read读书看报等文字材料。
3. 几个与“看”有关的词或词组:look for, find, find out, look after, take care of, look over, look forward to
look for寻找,表过程。
find发现,找到,表结果。
find out找出,查明。
look after, take care of 均表示“照看,照顾”。
look over检查、翻阅等。
look forward to盼望……,期待……。
4. 几个“说”:say, speak, talk, tell
(1) say用作及物动词或不及物动词。用作及物动词时,侧重说的内容;say用作不及物动词时,不涉及所说的内容。如:
Please say it in English.这个请用英语说。
It's hard to say.很难说。
Easier said than done.说起来容易,做起来难。
say之后通常跟直接引语、间接引语或宾语从句。如:
The teacher said,“Please look at me.” 老师说:“请看着我”。
Our teacher said that the earth goes around the sun.老师说地球围绕太阳运行。
含有say的固定搭配和常见的句型有:
say to oneself自言自语;
say“Hi/Hello”to sb.向某人问好;
have nothing to say to对……无话可说;
say a good word for sb.为某人说好话;
They say... / It's said... (据说……);
That is to say那就是说。
(2) speak常指能说某种语言,打电话时常用它表示说话,也有“演讲”的意思,不强调说话的内容。如:
We can speak Chinese and English.
我们可以说汉语和英语。
May I speak to Henry?我可以和亨利讲话吗?
He will speak at the meeting tonight.
他将在今晚的会议上发言。
(3) talk用作不及物动词,作“说话”讲时与speak可以互换使用。作“交谈”讲时,通常与介词to / with连用。如:
The baby can't talk yet.
那个婴儿还不会讲话。
They often talk in English.
他们经常用英语交谈。
I'd like to talk to her.
我想和她谈一谈。
talk用作名词时,可以与动词have一起构成短语“have a talk with”,意思是“和……谈一谈”。如:
May I have a talk with you?
我可以和你谈一谈吗?
含talk的短语、固定搭配和句型常见有:
talk to/with sb.和某人谈话;
talk about谈论;
have a talk with sb.和某人谈话/谈一谈;
talk of谈到/讲到;
talk out说完
(4) tell用作及物动词,意思是“讲、说”,指说实话,说出事实的真相,讲故事等。如:
My mother often tells me stories.
妈妈经常给我讲故事。
Please tell me the truth.
请告诉我事实的真相。
The boy never tells lies.
那个孩子从不说谎。
Nobody can tell how the Pyramids were built.
没有人能说出金字塔是怎样建成的。
tell表示命令时,作“叫、告诉”讲,常见的句型是“tell sb to do sth.”,意思是“叫/告诉某人做某事”。如:
Tell him to come to my office.
叫/告诉他到我的办公室来。
Tell them not to look out of the window.
叫他们不要向窗外望。
含有tell的短语、固定搭配和常用句型有:
tell sb. a story给某人讲故事;
tell sb. about sth.告诉某人关于某事的情况;
tell sb. to do sth.叫某人做某事;
tell a lie说谎;
tell the truth说实话。
5. 几个“穿,戴”:put on,wear,dress(up)
put on指“穿上、戴上”,强调动作,代词放在中间。
wear指“穿着,戴着”,表示状态。
dress指“给某人穿衣服”,其宾语是人。
dress up 指“穿上盛装,打扮”。
6. 几个“到达”:reach,arrive in/at,get to
reach是及物动词,它后面可以直接跟表示地点的名词作宾语。
arrive是不及物动词,后面接表示地点的名词作宾语时需在宾语前加介词in或at(在国家和较大的城市或地区前用in,较小的地方或单位前用at)。
get to表示到达,多用于口语中。
注意:当表示到达here,there,home时,arrive或get后不要加介词。
7. 几个“带、拿”:bring,take,get,carry
bring指将某物或某人从离说话人较远处“拿来”或“带来”。
take指将某物或某人从离说话人较近处“带到”或“拿到”。
get指从说话人所在位置到别处把某物拿来。
carry不强调动作来去的方向,只说明动作方式,表示“背着、扛着、提着、载着”等含义。
8. 几个与“听”有关的词或词组:listen to,hear,hear of,hear from
listen to 听……,表示听的动作。
hear听见,听到,表示结果。
hear of 听说……。
hear from收到某人的信息或来信。
9. beat和win
beat表示“赢”或“打败”,后面要接被打败的对手。
win用作及物动词时,后面接的不是被打败的对手,而是比赛本身、游戏、战争、名次等。
10. rise和raise
rise是不及物动词,表示“上升、提高、增长”等。
raise是及物动词,表示“举起、抬起”。
11. borrow,lend和keep
borrow指其逻辑主语从别处或别人那里“借来”东西,常与介词from连用。
lend指其逻辑主语将东西“借出、借给”别人,常与介词to连用。
keep表示“保存”,与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。
12. receive和accept
receive的意思是“收到了……”,只表示收到某物,并不表明同意或不同意接受的含义。
accept表示“接受……”,“同意接纳……”,如接受物体、邀请、批评等。如:
He received an invitation from her and accepted it happily.
他收到了她的邀请,并且很愉快地接受了。
13. answer与reply
answer意为“回答、响应、答复、接听电话”等,多作及物动词。
reply意为“回答、答复”,是不及物动词,后需加介词to,at等再加宾语。
14. hope与expect
hope指主观上的愿望,但在客观上不一定有实现的可能性,常接that从句、动词不定式或以介词for引出的短语。
expect着重指客观上有可能实现的“期待、期望”等,其后可接名词、代词、动词不定式或that从句。
15. lie和lay
lie有多个意思:表示“躺;位于”时,其变化是lay,lain,lying;表示“说谎”时,其变化是lied,lied,lying。
lay的含义是“放置、产卵”等。其变化是laid,laid,laying。
二. 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别
它们所表示的动作都发生在过去,但二者又有区别:一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作,说话的侧重点在于陈述一件过去的事情,与现在没有关系;现在完成时表示与现在有关系的发生在过去的动作,它不与表示明确过去时间状语(如yesterday,last week,a moment ago等)连用。如:
—These farmers have been to the United States.
——这些农民去过美国了。
—Really? When did they go there?
——真的吗?他们什么时候去的?
—Have you finished your homework? ——你完成作业了吗?
—Yes,I did it a moment ago. ——是的,我刚刚做的。
三. A) 词组have/has been in/to与have/has gone to的区别
“have/has gone to+地点”表示“某人去了某地(还未回来)”,指主语所指的人不在这儿。“have/has been in+地点”表示“在某地呆了多长时间”,常与表示时间段的状语连用。“have/has been to+地点”表示“曾经去过某地(但现在已不在那儿)”。如:
My father isn't at home. He has gone to Beijing.
我爸爸不在家,他去北京了。
I have been in Beijing for 10 years.我待在北京十年了。
I have been to that city,and I don't want to go there again.
我去过那座城市了,我不想再去了。
B) would rather与prefer to
(1) would rather相当于一个情态动词,后面跟不带to的动词不定式构成句型:would rather do sth.,意为“宁可/愿做……。”其否定结构为:would rather not do sth.,意思是“宁可/愿不做……”。如:
They would rather use colors like orange and yellow.
他们宁愿使用像橙色和黄色这样的颜色。
I'd rather not tell you about it.
关于这件事我不愿告诉你。
would rather与than连用时,than前、后连接两个平衡结构,意为“宁愿……而不愿......;与其……不如……。”如:
I'd rather go shopping in Sunshine Town than in Moonlight Town.我宁愿去阳光城购物,也不愿去月光城。
I'd rather put the picture on my home page than show it to everyone.
我宁愿把照片放在家庭网页上,而不愿把它给每个人看。
(2) 动词prefer用作及物动词时,之后通常跟名词/动名词作宾语,再加to加名词/动名词,即“prefer A to B”结构,意为“喜欢A胜过B;宁愿A不愿B”。如:
I prefer modern drama to Beijing Opera.我喜欢话剧胜过京剧。
I prefer walking to jogging.
我宁愿散步而不愿慢跑。
有时“prefer doing sth. to doing sth.”结构可以与“would rather do sth. than do sth.”结构互换使用。如:
I prefer singing to dancing.
我宁愿唱歌不愿跳舞。(=I'd rather sing than dance.)
注意:“prefer A to B”与“prefer A rather than B”有时可以互换使用。如:
I prefer fish to chicken.我宁愿吃鱼不愿吃鸡。该句相当于:I prefer fish rather than chicken.
四. 瞬间性动词与延续性动词的区别
瞬间性动词表示短暂的、不能持续一段时间的动作,如:come, leave, begin, become, buy, receive, die, join, borrow, lend, go等。瞬间性动词不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。持续性动词表示能持续一段时间的动作,如:work, stay,live,learn,read,write,wait等，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用 。例如:
她已经离开沈阳一个月了。
误:She has left Shenyang for a month.
正:She has been away from Shenyang for a month.
但是瞬间动词的否定结构可以与表示一段时间的状语连用,说明某动作不发生的状态可以持续一段时间。如:
She often goes on business. But she hasn't left Shenyang for a month.她经常出差办事,但她已经一个月没离开沈阳了。
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