高二11单元教案(人教版高二英语下册教案教学设计)

“不是英雄”通过精心收集，向本站投稿了17篇高二11单元教案(人教版高二英语下册教案教学设计)，这次小编在这里给大家整理后的高二11单元教案(人教版高二英语下册教案教学设计)，供大家阅读参考。

篇1：高二11单元教案(人教版高二英语下册教案教学设计)

Scientific Achievements

Tasks which should be achieved in this unit:

a. Achieve language skills and related knowledge about the topic of science and scientific achievements;

b. Learn to express intentions and wishes:

1. My plan is to…….

2. I hope that…..

3. I want/wish/hope/intend/plan to…..

4. I’d like to,,,,

5. I’m thinking of ….

6. It is likely that…

c. Vocabulary in this unit:

likely, private, grasp, master, perfect, arrange, locate, luggage, boom, announce.

d. Useful expressions:

in store, in the late 1990s, grasp the opportunity, hear about, set foot, have a positive effect on…, as well as, rely on, deal with, come to life, put forward, make many breakthroughts, map out.

e. Grammar:

word formation (1)

compounds:

Nouns:

n+n : classroom, newspaper, workshop, bookcase, bookworm

adj+n: blackboard; highway, greenhouse

v+n: pickpocket; chopstick

adv+n: overcoat; outhouse;

n+prep+n: son-in-law; father-in-law

-ing+n: reading-room; dining-hall; sleeping-car

v+adv: get-together; breakthrough(突破)

pron+n: he-goat; she-wolf

Adjectives:

N+adj: snowwhite; worldwide; manlike;

Adj+adj: red-hot; darkblue

Adv+adj: evergreen

N+PP/-ing: man-made; snow-covered; English-speaking; peace-loving

Adj+PP/-ing: good-looking; easy-going; ready-made; new-born

Adv+PP/-ing: hardworking; farseeing; well-written; well-known;wide-spread

Adj+n: barefoot; new-type

Num+n: second-hand; five-year; 100-meter

Num+n+adj: five-year-old; three-inch-wide

Num/Noun/dj+n-ed: four-footed; three-legged; iron-hearted; cold-blooded; warm-hearted

Verbs:

Adv/n/adj+verbs: overcome; overflow; upset; underline; sunbathe; sleepwalk; whitewash; blacklist(列入黑名单)

Adverbs:

N+n: sideway

N+adv: head-on

Adj+n: meanwhile; meantime

Prep+n: beforehand (事先)

Teaching procedure:

Period 1.

Contents: Warming up & reading comprehension

Step 1.Warming up

Aim: Make students familiar with some words and expressions on the topic.

1. Brainstorming:

Find as many words as the students can find about Scientific achievements using some pictures as hinders:

Electricity; cars; aeroplanes; The Internet; Cloning; The Theory of Gravity; Nuclear science; solar energy; gene technology

2. Discussing the questions on P1 and then the questions:

How do they improve our daily life? How do they change our society?

Step 2. Pre-reading

1. Show some pictures of Zhongguancun.

2. group work:

if you want to do research or start a hi-tech company, what preparations you should make?

Step 3. While-reading

1. Scanning: Ss read quickly and answer the following question:

What is the passage mainly about?

2. Ss read and get the main ideas of each paragraph. Make an outline if possible.

Step 4. After-reading

Finish the post-reading Ex on P4.

Step 5. Assignment

1. surf the internet and get more information about the topic.

2. if you are asked to introduce Zhongguancun to oversea Chinese students, what must be included in your speech? Just think over and prepare an outline.

Period 2.

Contents: difficulties in the passage.

Step 1. Warming up

Ask some Ss to present their outlines.

Step 2. Learning about the language:

Play the tape for students to follow.

Teacher explain some language points in the text on page 19--20.

1. Whatever great achievements the future may have in store for China, it is likely that many of them will be born in northwestern Beijing.

Whatever = no matter how 引导让步状语从句。

Whatever还可引导名词性从句， 意为“所。。。的一切事情”。例如：

He always keep calm whatever happens.

It is unwise to give a child what ever he or she wants.

In store 意思是“就要到来，必将发生”；这个介词短语还有“储备着”的意思。

Be likely “有可能的”

He is likely to finish the work on time.

It is likely that he she will finish the work on time.

2. it was wonderful, like a dream come true.

Like 用作连词，引导方式状语从句，与as，as if 相似。

Like I said just now, I won’t do that foolish things.

3. One of the mottos for the park – “Rely on science, technology and knowledge to increase economic power”-makes it clear that science and business can and must work together to build the future.

rely on/upon “依赖，依靠”

You must rely on our own effort to do it.

3. Not all the new company can succeed, but the spirit and creativity they present are more important than money.

Step 3. Practice

Ss finish on page 5 by themselves and then check the answers.

Step 4. Assignment

1. Learn the useful expressions by heart.

2. Finish Ex1 –3 on page 82-83 on WB

3. read the whole passage aloud.

Period 3.

Contents: Grammar; talking and speaking

Step 1. Revision

Check the answers of Ex 1 -- 3 on page 82 and 83.

Step 2. Word formations

1. introduce the main ways of word formation: (the following may be of help during your teaching)

The main Processes of English Word-formation:

a. Prefixation: disagree, unimportant, non-smoker, minibus, overuse, antibiotics, underdeveloped, post-war, pre-school, renew, bimonthly, multi-racial;

b. Suffixation: percentage, girlhood, Londoner, hostess, employee, puzzlement, hopeless, changeable, talkative, deepen;

c. Conversion: desire-v. to long for, to wish/ n. strong longing, earnest wish; hit-v, to give a blow/ n. blow; They downed the tools.

d. Compounding: deadline, above-mentioned, chewing-gum, sun-bather, table talk, fathead, redcap, easygoing, sleep-walk,

The minor processes of English word-formation:

a. clipping or shortening: phone (for telephone), ad (for advertisement), prof (for professor), flu (for influenza), pub (for public house);

b. Acronyms(首字母缩略词): UN, VIP, NATO,DA (Doctor of Arts) , H-bomb (Hydrogen bomb);

c. lending: branch, motel, Eurasia,

d. Back-formation: to beg from beggar, to baby-sit from baby-sitter, to greed from greedy.

f. Forming new words by analogy:

Moonrise is derived from the word sunrise by analogy.

e. Onomatopoeia:

Bark, giggle, bang, murmur.

2. Ss study examples on p6 and see if they can tell the processes of the words.

3. More exercises to consolidate the Grammar.

EX1-4 on p6 & ex1-5 on page 83-84 of WB.

Step 3. Talking

1. Ss four in one group and have a discussion about the topics on page 7.

2. Ss make notes during the discussion, and try to report the topic to the whole class.

Step 4. Speaking

Ss work in pairs and discuss their intentions and wishes..

The following structures are helpful to students:

1. My plan is to…….

2. I hope that…..

3. I want/wish/hope/intend/plan to…..

4. I’d like to,,,,

5. I’m thinking of ….

6. It is likely that…

Step 5. Assignment

Writing on page 86.

Period 4.

Contents: Integrating skills:

Step 1. Warming up

Ask Ss some questions about great achievements in science and technology.

Step 2. Reading

1. Ss read the passage :

2. Help Ss to understand the passage entirely.

Step 3. Writing

Finish the writing task on p 8.

You can give Ss some strategies for writing a short essay, or give them an outline if necessary.

(The following material may ease your work.)

Internet ---- the greatest achievement of this century

Argument 1: Internet changes our daily life.

Details: a. make communication easier.

b. change our ways of shopping.

c. get to know outside world more quickly.

Argument 2: Internet make our work easier.

Details: a/b/c

Argument 3: Internet accelerate the development of science and technology.

Details : a/b/c

Period 5.

(Listening)

Step 1. Listening

1. Ss finish the listening task on page 2.

2. Ss listen to the tape again and check the answers.

Step 2. dealing with the Ex 1-4 on p 95 of Workbook.

Step 3. Listening skills

Give the students some tips on how to improve listening while checking the Ex.

a . make notes while listening;

b. grasp the most important information

Step 4. Finish the Listening Ex on p81.

Period 6.

Revision:

Go over the important points in this unit once again, and give Ss some additional reading materials if possible.

Zhongguancun Science Park is China's biggest science park with a high concentration of scientific and technological institutions and intellectual resources. Located in this area are 39 institutions of higher learning represented by Beijing University and Tsinghua University. There are 213 research institutions as exemplified by the institutions of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE) and 37% of the academicians of both the CAS and CAE are living and working in this area. Each year, thousands of sophisticated research discoveries emerge in this area and pour out to all places throughout China. Many state-level laboratories and important engineering and technology centers are concentrated in this area too. Zhongguancun Science Park is the largest software development and production center in China.

Zhongguancun Science Park in fact is composed of five science zones like Haidian Zone, Fengtai Zone, Changping Zone, the Electronic City Zone and Yizhuang Zone. Some ten thousand new and hi-tech enterprises, such as Legend, Stone, Founder, Zhongguancun Science and Technology, Tsinghua Tongfang, Netease, are all doing their business at Zhongguancun. In addition, there are some 1500 R&D centers and hi-tech companies set up by or invested by renowned overseas transnational companies like IBM, Microsoft, Mitsubishi in this area as well as 40 overseas listed companies. At present Zhongguancun has become the most important growth point in the economic development of the capital which makes a contribution of 60% of the total industrial growth of the city. The business income generated from the industry, trade and technology of Zhongguancun Science Park in accounted for 18% of the total income of all the 53 national new and hi-tech parks.

In June , the State Council of China officially approved the “Note of Request to Expedite the Building of Zhongguancun Science Park for the Purpose of Implementing the Strategy of Rejuvenating the Country through Science and Education” by the Beijing Municipal Government and the Ministry of Science and Technology and instructed the Beijing Municipal Government and the Ministry of Science and Technology to speed up the construction process of Zhongguancun Science Park in order to build it into a comprehensive reform trial base for implementing the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education and the two essential changes, a model base of international technical innovation with competitiveness, an incubator and radiating center for its scientific and technological achievements with its footing in the capital city of Beijing but facing the whole country and a base for training innovators and a first-class science park in the world. This is the most important trans-century decision made by the central government after its decisions of establishing the Shenzhen Special Zone in 1980s and opening up Shanghai's Pudong area in 1990s.

Beijing People's Municipal Government promulgated “Regulations of the Zhongguancun Science Park” on January 1, 2001, which provides the legal basis and guideline for its future development. The Park is now moving on at vigorous strides in promoting technology innovation in accordance with the principle of “Bold innovation in the areas not banned by the law” with the ambition of achieving great changes every year and make the Park a first-rate science park in the world within 10 years.

Zhongguancun is indeed a place full of opportunities and challenges as well as bright hopes. All domestic and overseas companies and individuals are welcome to Zhongguancun for business development.

Period 7.

Teachers can use this period freely.

Suggestion : Teachers can use this period to let Ss sum up what they have learned and explain what Ss couldn’t understand very well in this unit. Teachers can also add more practice in this period to consolidate what the Ss have learned. Finally, ask the Ss to finish Assessing on page 87. It is very important to improve their learning and let them have a sense of achieving gradually.

篇2：高二下11单元单词讲解(人教版高二英语下册教案教学设计)

Unit11 Words and phrases

1.solar adj. 太阳的, 日光的

solar cell 太阳能电池

solar energy/system太阳能/系

2.leap v.& n.跳, 跳越, 跳跃

Look before you leap.三思而后行。

leap at the chance抓住时机

He crossed the garden in three leaps.

他跳三步就跨过了花园。

3.mankind n. 人类, 男性, 男子

liberation of mankind人类解放

Disease is an enemy of mankind.

疾病是人类的敌人。

4.constitution n. 组织,宪法,体格

the constitution of starch 淀粉的组成

British constitution英国宪法

have a good/ poor constitution. 体质好/差

5.man v. 操纵,为...配备人手

man ten ships. 给10艘船配备人员

as one man 一致

the man in the street 一般人

man of one's word 信守诺言的人

6. support vt. 支持, 支撑, 赡养

life support生命保障

be supported by one’s parents由父母供养.

Which football team do you support?

你支持哪个足球队？

7. daily a. 每日的n. 日报ad. 每日,天天

daily life/ necessities 日常生活 /必需品

China Daily《中国日报》。

write to sb. daily. 每天给..写信

8.achieve v.达到,实现

achieve one's purpose/aim 达到目的

achieve success/ victory 获得成功/胜利

It takes hard work to achieve success.

成功需要努力。

9.likely a. 可能的,有希望的ad. 很可能

a likely story 可能是真实的故事

I'm likely to be very busy tomorrow.

It is very likely that I’ll be busy tomorrow.

明天我可能很忙。

Me? Join the army? Not likely! 我?参军?没门儿!

10.Zone. n. 地带, 区域,

vt. 环绕, 使分成地带 vi. 分成区

war(battle) zone/ a business zone战区/商业区

smokeless zone 禁止吸烟区coastal zone海岸带; North Temperate zone北温带

The U.S. and Canada are zoned for postal delivery.美国和加拿大划分了邮区。

11. private a. 私人的n. 士兵

private teacher家庭教师 private school 私立学校

I'm not going to tell you about it; it's private.

我不打算把此事告诉你; 这是私事.

The news came through private channels.

消息是私下[小道儿]传出来的。

in private 秘密地[的]; 私下地[的]

Can I speak to you in private?

我可以私下同你谈谈吗？

12. institute n. 学会, 学院, 协会

vt. 创立, 开始, 制定,

an art institute 艺术学院

a designing institute 设计院

He graduated from a foreign language institute.

他毕业于一所外语学院。

13.grasp vt.& n. 抓住, 抓紧, 掌握, 领会

Grasp all, lose all.贪多必失。

have a good grasp of 深刻了解

I grasped the main point of the speech.

我领会了这篇演讲的要点。

14.master. n. 主人, 大师, 硕士, (男)教师

adj. 主人的, 熟练的, 高明的, 主要的

vt. 征服, 控制, 精通

the master of the house 房主

masters in literature.文学大师

a Master of Science. 理科硕士

She learned to master her anger.

她学会了控制自己不发火。

It's not easy to master a foreign language.

掌握一门外语并不容易。

15. perfect adj. 完美的, 理想的,

vt. 使完美, 修改, 使熟练

perfect weather 极好的天气perfect yellow 纯黄色

be perfect in English 精通英语

Practice [Use] makes perfect. 熟能生巧。

They worked hard to perfect their dance.

他们卖力地使舞蹈更加完美。

16.arrange vt. 安排, 筹备, 整理, 布置

arrange a time and place定好时间和地点

arrange for 安排, 准备

Arrange the books把书整理好

arrange the flowers in the vase把花在花瓶里插好

I've arranged with him about feeding the cats.

我已和他商量妥喂猫的事.( 与某人商定某事)

They arranged to meet at 7 o'clock.

他们约好7点钟见.

17.set foot in v. 到达，进入，踏上

He hardly ever sets foot in the city.

他几乎从不进城来。

18.have an effect on/upon对……产生影响

Smoking has a bad effect on you.

19.rely on 依靠，信赖，指望

You can rely on her word.你可以相信她的话。

Don't rely on going to India.别指望到印度。

20.failure n. 失败, 失败者,

Crop failure欠收（农业）

failure of electricity 停电

the failure of memory 记忆力减退

F~is the mother of success.失败为成功之母。

21.come to life vi. 苏醒过来，活跃起来

In a few minutes Tom suddenly came to life.

一小会儿汤姆突然苏醒过来。

With his friends he really comes to life.

他跟朋友在一起很活跃.

22.valley n. (山)谷, 流域

the Yangtze/ Changjiang valley 长江流域

A lonesome valley.荒凉的山谷

23.base n. 底部, 基础, 根据地,

A bottle has a flat base.瓶子有一个平的底

Many languages have Latin as their base.

许多语言都以拉丁语为基础。

One should always base one's opinions on facts. 意见应以事实为根据。

25.mark n. 标志, 分数, 痕迹, 记号

vt. 做标记于, 打分数, 标志

put a mark 做记号 a question mark问号

a man of mark 一个有影响的人, 著名的人

He got 90 marks for Chinese.他汉语考了90分。

He leaves his mark on everyone he teaches.

他给每一个所教的人留下了印象。

He fired but missed the mark.

他开枪射击却没击中目标。

Bless the mark! 不要见怪

hit the mark 打中目标, (发言)中肯,

mother's mark 胎志, 黑痣

He marked the floor with chalk.

他用粉笔在地板上作记号。

The invention of the computer marked the beginning of a new era.

计算机的发明标志着一个新时代的开始。

26．agency n. 代理,代理处

a tourist agency. 旅行社

a reporter from Xinhua agency. 一名新华社记者

27.organ n.器官, 风琴,机构,

organs of smell 嗅觉器官 state organ国家机构

He plays the organ in church. 他在教堂弹奏风琴.

28.forword ad.& a 向前地; v. 转交,运送n.前锋

Move forward 往前走

He is forward in his English.他的英语有进步。

Please forward my mail to my new address.

请把我的信件转到我的新地址。

Put forward提出

~a idea/ a theory/a plan提出主意/理论/计划.

29.breakthough n. 突破

have/ made/ achieve a breakthrough in

在…方面取得突破

30.march n. &vi. 行军,进军

The march of time.时间的推移

To the rear, march! 向后转走！

Athletes march in. 运动员进场。

Science is on the march.科学正在进步中。

31.aim n. 目标,对准v. 对准目标,打算

achieve the aim达到目的

His aim is uncertain.他的目标不明确.

You aim too high.你太好高鹜远了

aim at 旨在，瞄准

He aimed (his gun) at the target and fired

他（用枪）瞄准目标开火.

She's aiming at (ie trying to win) a scholarship.

她争取获得奖学金.

32.announce 宣布，宣告

announce a football game on TV.

在电视上给一场足球赛作播音

announce the winner/the news

宣布胜利者的名字/消息。

Footsteps announced his return.

听到脚步声，就知道他回来了。

33.evolution n. 进化, 发展,

the evolution of a story 故事情节的发展

study the evolution of man 研究人类的进化

34.battle.n. 战役(大规模会战), 战争

vi. 作战, 战斗, 搏斗, 斗争

battle with/ against与...战斗

fall/ be killed in battle 阵亡

They died in battle.

他们在战斗中牺牲。

The two fighters battled for half an hour.

两个拳击手战斗了半小时。

篇3：Unit 11 单元学习导航(人教版高二英语下册教案教学设计)

学习目标导航

XUE XI MU BIAO DAO HANG 学习提示

话

题 1.Talk about science and scientific achievement.

2.Write a persuasion essay. 1.重点掌握与中心话题“科学成就”有关的语言知识和技能。

2.学会写说明文。

功

能 1.If I got the money, I would…

I want/wish/hope/intend/plan to…

I hope that…; My plan is to…

2.I’ d like to…

I’ m thinking of… 练习表示intentions（意图）和wishes（愿望）的常用句型，熟练掌握其用法。

词

汇 likely, overseas, grasp, master, arrange, rely, failure, achieve, announce, locate 1.掌握本单元单词的常见用法，注意其构成。

2.重点掌握并能熟练运用所列词组的用法。

set foot, rely on, put forward, come to life

语

法 Word Formation (abbreviation) ：

ad (advertisement) 广告

CSA (Chinese Space Agency) 中国航天局

IT (information technology) 信息技术

NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) 北大西洋公约组织 1.了解英语中最常用的派生法、复合法和转换法三种构词方法。

2.重点掌握下列四种缩略构词法：截断词，首字母连写词，首字母拼音词和拼缀词。

单元要点

Word

study

1.engineering 2.solar 3.significant 4.mankind 5.constitution 6.zone 7.private 8.grasp 9.master 10.perfect 11.arrange 12.rely 13.failure 14.locate 15.valley 16.brand 17.luggage 18.achieve 19.organ 20.boom 21.breakthrough 22.agency 23.announce 24.evolution 25.supercomputer 26.likely 1.工程；工程学 2.太阳的；日光的 3.意义重大的 4.人类 5.宪法 6.区域；地带 7.私人的；非公开的 8.抓住；理解 9.硕士；主人 10.完美的；理想的 11.安排；整理；布置 12.依靠；指望 13.失败；失败的人 14.把……设置在；使……坐落于；指出……的位置 15.山谷 16.商标；牌子 17.行李 18.大道；实现；完成19.器官；机关；风琴 20.繁荣期；迅速发展期 21.重大突破 22.代理（机构） 23.宣布；宣告 24.发展；展开 25.超级计算机 26.可能的；预期的

Useful expressions 1.genetic engineering 2.the theory of gravity 3.nuclear science 4.solar energy 5.great scientific achievements 6.have something in common 7.the first person to travel in time 8.a cure for AIDS 9.a manned space ship 10.start a company 11.spend time doing sth. 12.in store 13.it is likely that 14.more than 15.set up 16.in the late 1990s 17.the Chinese Academy of sciences 18.within the next ten years 19.a growing number of

1.基因工程 2.万有引力理论 3.核科学 4.太阳能 5.伟大的科学成就6.有共同之处 7.时间旅行第一人 8.艾滋病治疗方法 9.载人飞船 10.开办一家公司 11.花时间做某事12.存储 13.很有可能…… 14.不仅仅，多于 15.建立 16.在20世纪90年代末 17.中科院 18.在接下来的十年里 19.不停增加数量的

Useful expressions 20.make it possible for sb.to do sth.21.follow one’s dreams 22.top scientists 23.master’s degree 24.a dream come true 25.set foot in… 26.run a small company 27.have a positive effect on… 28.rely on 29.build the future 30.deal with 31.learn from… 32.be excited about… 33.be located in… 34.contribute to… 35.in the near future 36.be filled with 37.enjoy a boom 38.put forward a plan 39.make many breakthroughs 40.sth.be used to do 41.manned space flight 42.allow sb.to do sth.43.human genetic project 44.for the first time ever 45.the deadly disease 20.使某人做某事成为可能 寻某人的梦想 22.顶级科学家 21.追23.硕士学位 24.一个梦想实现 25.涉足于…… 26.开办一家小公司 27.对于……有积极影响 28.依靠于 29.创造未来 30.处理 31.向……学习32.对于……很兴奋 33.位于…… 34.作贡献于…… 35.在不久的将来 36.充满 37.经历迅速发展期 38.提出一个计划 39.取得许多突破 40.某物被用来做41.载人太空飞行 42.允许某人做某事 43.人类基因组计划 44.第一次 45.致命的疾病

Sentence

patterns &

Communicative

English 1.If I got the money,I would …

2.My plan is to …

3.I hope that …

4.I want/wish/hope/intend/plan to …

5.I’d like to …

6.I’m thinking of …

Grammar Word-formation:

1.prefix and suffix

2.compounds 构词法:

1.前缀，后缀

2.合成词

Topics &Writing 1.Talk about science and scientific achievement.

2.Practise expressing intensions and wishes.

3.Learn about Word-formation.

4.Write a persuasion essay.

Language points.

1．constitution

1) 宪法the Constitution of the United States / the American Constitution

2) 体格，体质He has a weak constitution

3) 构造，构成the constitution of starch (淀粉的构成)

2．achievement (U)取得，完成（C）成就，成绩（V）achieve

development government movement equipment

vt 完成 达到（目的），得到

1） By hard working we can achieve anything.

2） We have achieved success in developing the product.

3．Mankind 人类 manmade (adj) Manly 有男子气概的；刚强的

4．in store(for sb./sth.):coming in the future;about to happen

e.g.There is a surprise in store for you.

I can see trouble in store.

5．Likely 1) be likely to do sth 很可能（发生某种情况）Our team is likely to win the game.

2) it is likely that + 从句

It is likely that we’ll go on a picnic in the forest tomorrow.

辨析：likely, possible与probable

Likely 常用词，指“从表面现象看很有可能”

Possible 指“由于有适当的条件和方法，某事可能发生或做到”，强调“客观上有可能”，但“实际希望很小”。

Probable 语气比possible 强，指“有根据、合情理、值得相信的事物，带有大概，很可能的意思”

Likely 之后常跟不定式（be likely to do sth） 而possible与probable之后通常不跟不定式；

Likely 的主语可以是人，而possible与probable的主语不能是人。

6．set up

1) 建立，成立 Set up home

Edison set up a chemical lab of his own at the age of ten.

2) 树立起来Let’s set up the tent first.

3) 使（自己或他人）从事某职业（as）

He has set himself up as a bookseller. 他开始经营书籍。

set about doing sth 着手做 set out to do sth Set an example

set fire to 点火；放火Set off 出发，动身Set foot in (on) 登上；涉足；访问

set foot in/on sth.: enter or visit(a place);arrive

e.g. Don’t ever set foot in this house again!

Who was the first man to set foot on the moon.

7．Private adj 私人的；私立的；不公开的

Private property Private school

a private door 便门in private 在私下，秘密地in public 公开地

8．grasp vt

1) 抓住 grasp sb by the arm

2) (= understand ) 掌握， 领会

Grasp sb’s meaning

3) n (常用单数) 紧握；把握；理解；理解力

Beyond sb’s grasp 力量达不到 Grasp all, lose all. 样样都要，全数失掉。 Within sb’s grasp 力量达得到

9．Master n 硕士；（男）主人；能手；雇主；大师

Mistress n 女主人 Masterless adj 无主的

Mastermind n 非常聪明的人 Masterkey n 万能钥匙

Masterpiece(masterwork) n 杰作 The master of the house 家长

Master and man雇主与雇工 A master in literature 文学大师

Master of Arts (MA) 文学硕士 Master of Science (MS) 理学硕士

Bachelor 学士 doctor 博士

vt 掌握；精通；控制；统治

Master a foreign language

Man can master nature.

10. perfect adj 理想的；完美的；绝对的；完全的；（动词的）完成的

His reading is perfect.

He is a perfect stranger to us.

The perfect tense

vt 使完美

They worked hard to perfect their dance.

Practice makes perfect 熟能生巧

Be perfect in English 精通英语

11．arrange

vt 安排，筹划；整理，布置

1） We have arranged a party.

2） He arranged the books on the shelf.

n arrangement

(C pl) 安排；准备工作 （U，C）整理；排列；布置

12. have an effect on 对……产生影响

Take effect 开始生效；开始实行

In effect = in fact 实际上

13. rely on / upon : depend on…依赖，依靠；信赖，信任

We should rely on our own efforts. 我们应该自力更生。

You may rely on it that she won’t be late.你可以放心，她不会迟到的。

14．make it clear （that）…表明，讲清楚

e.g. She made it clear that she objected to the proposal.

She made clear her objections.

15．Failure (v fail) 失败(U)，失败的人或事（C）

Failure is the mother of success.

He is a failure as an artist, but a success as an art teacher.他不是一个成功的艺术家，但是个成功的美术老师。

16．come to life: back to normal state, esp. of mind苏醒过来，恢复生气，活跃起来

After three hours’ saving, the injured man came to life.

When I mentioned our plans for a trip abroad, the kids came back to life at once.

17. mark

n 痕迹；符号；商标；分数；特征

an ink mark a question mark full marks make a mark 作标记

vt 做标记；留痕迹于；表明；批分数，评成绩

a dirt road marked with footprints 留有脚印的泥路

be marked with 标着……；(人、动物等身上)具有

Her face is marked with sadness. 她面露悲哀。

mark examination papers.

18. outstanding

1) 杰出的，突出的 （ stand out ）一名杰出的学生 an outstanding student

2) 未完结的；未清的；未付的

Outstanding debts 未付清的欠款

19．Breakthrough n 重大突破，突围；突破性的发现，成就

A military breakthrough 军事突破A scientific breakthrough 科学成就

20．enable

en-使+able能……的

enrich enlarge

strengthen strength(力量)+ en (使) vt 加强，增强 vi 变强

they strengthened the city wall..

the wind strengthened.

deep--deepen

Sharp-sharpen

Wide--widen

21. organ n 器官；风琴；机构，机关

The eyes are the organ of sight.

state organs

a government organ

adj organic 有机物的；有机体的

n organism (C)生物，有机体，有机组织

vt organize 组织

N organization 团体，机构，组织

22. put forward 提出（建议、意见）；推荐，提名

He put forward a better plan.

We put her forward as chairman of the committee.

23. aim (sth) at sth/doing sth (把……)瞄准；目的在于；企图

He aimed his gun at the target.

Those girls worked out every morning, aiming at losing weight.

知识点讲解

1． You and your team are working on a cure for Aids. 你和你的队员正在从事艾滋病的治疗工作。

（1）work on “从事于（某项工作）”；“设法说服” eg:

They worked on the old car late into the night. 他们修这辆旧汽车一直修到深夜。

What are you doing? We are working on some wood-cuts. 你们在干什么呀？我们正在创作一些木刻。

Can you work on him to change his mind?你能说服他改变主意吗？

（2）work at “学习，研究，致力于……” eg:

They have worked at this subject for many years. 他们研究这门科学好多年了。

（3）work out 做出；算出；设计出 eg:

This problem will not work out. 这道题算不出来。

They have worked out a method of sending a spacecraft to Mars.

他们已经设计出一种向火星发射宇宙飞船的方法。

2．extremely adv. to a very high degree 极端地；极度地 eg:

It was an extremely difficult and dangerous task. 这是一项极度困难和危险的工作。

extreme adj. reaching the highest degree 极度的 eg:

extreme patience/kindness 极度的耐心/仁慈 in extreme pain 在极度痛苦中

3． cure (1)n. ①[C] curing or being cured 治疗；治愈。 eg:

His cure took six months. 他的病花了六个月治疗。

②[C]substance or treatment which cures 治疗的药物；治疗法 eg:

Is there a certain cure for cancer yet? 迄今对癌症有治疗方法吗？

（2）vt. & vi. bring sb. back to health; get rid of one’s illness/habits eg:

This medicine will cure your headache. 这药可以治好你的头痛。

A few days’ rest will cure you. 休息几天你就痊愈了。

③（词组） cure sb. of one’s illness or bad habits 治愈疾病，改掉坏习惯 eg:

Moving to the country cured her of asthma. 搬到乡下她的哮喘病就好了。

He was cured of his habit of smoking. 他改掉了吸烟的坏习惯。

4． You are working on sending a manned spaceship to Mars. 你正在从事向火星发射载人宇宙飞船的工作。

（1）manned adj. (of machines esp. in space) having men on board （飞船等）载人的 eg:

the development of manned from unmanned space craft从无人向载人飞船的发展

（2）man-made adj. produced by the work of men; not found in nature 人造的 eg:

The lake is a man-made one. 这是个人工湖。

We have sent up many man-made satellites. 我们发射了多少颗人造卫星。

生词和词组

1．likely adj. (1) that is expected 很可能发生的；有希望的 eg:

Is he likely to win? 他有可能获胜吗？

The most likely result is a draw. 最可能的结果是不分胜负。

(2)that seems reasonable, suitable or right for a purpose 似乎合理的 eg:

That’s a likely excuse. 那似乎是个合理的借口。

(3)be likely to do… 很可能会……

It’s likely that… 可能会（有，发生）…… eg:

He is not likely to succeed. 他大概不会成功。

It is likely that he will be late. =He is likely to be late. 他可能会迟到。

2． grasp vt. , vi. & n.

(1)v. ①seize firmly with hand(s) or arm(s) 抓住；抱住；紧握 eg:

The boy grasped his mother’s hand firmly. 那个小男孩紧握住妈妈的手。

He grasped the rope and pulled it. 他抓紧绳子用力拉。

②understand with the mind 领悟；理解 eg:

I couldn’t grasp the teacher’s meaning. 我没领悟老师的意思。

(2)n. firm hold or grip; power of grasping 紧握；抓紧；领悟力 eg:

He doesn’t have a thorough grasp of the problem. 他没有彻底理解这个问题。

(3)短语：beyond/within a person’s grasp 为某人所不能/能抓到的；为某人所不能/能理解的。

3． master vt. , vi & n.

(1) vt. ①become the master of; overcome 成为……的主人；征服；控制

eg: master one’s temper/feelings 控制脾气/感情

It’s difficult to master nature. 征服大自然是困难的。

②gain as a skill 精通；熟练 eg:

master English 精通英语 master foreign affairs 精通外交事务

He never mastered the art of the public speaking. 他从未掌握当众演讲的艺术。

(2)n. ①man who has others working for him 主人，雇主

②male head of a household 家里的男主人

③captain of a merchant ship 商船的船长

④male teacher 男教师 eg:

the master of the house 一家之长

the maths master 数学教师 a master’s degree 硕士学位

4．arrange vt. & vi.

(1)put in order 安排；排列；布置 eg:

She is good at arranging flowers. 她擅长插花。

Before going away, he arranged his business affairs. 他离开之前，他把业务都安排好了。

(2)make plans in advance 预做计划 eg:

The Tourist Bureau arranged everything for our journey to Rome. 旅游局为我们去罗马的旅行准备了一切。

(3)arrange+ n. +for +n. 为……安排…… eg:

Mother arranged an appointment for me with the dentist. 母亲替我向牙医预约挂号。

(4)arrange sb. to do … 安排某人做…… eg:

I have arranged him to meet her. 我安排他和她见面。

(5)arrange with sb. to do … 约定与某人做…… eg:

We arranged with his team to play a game of baseball. 我们约好和他们队打一场棒球。

(6)arrange that … 商定，安排。 eg:

He arranged that the meeting (should) be put off for a week. =

He arranged for the meeting to be put off for a week. 他安排把会议延后一周召开。

5． failure n.

(1)[U] failing; lack of success 失败；不成功 eg:

Failure is the mother of success. 失败乃成功之母。

(2)[C] instance of failing; person, attempt or thing that fails 失败的事例；失败的人，企图或失败的事物 eg:

He was a failure as a teacher. 他不是个好老师。

Success came after many failures. 失败多次之后终于成功。

6． locate vt. & vi.

(1)discover, show the locality of 找出……的位置，指出……的位置 eg:

locate a town on a map 在地图上找出一城市的位置

(2)establish in a place 在一地点设置 eg:

a new school to be located in the suburbs 将设置在郊区的一所新学校

(3)be located 位于 eg:

Our school is located in the center of the town. 我们学校坐落于市中心。

(4)比较location n.

[U] locating or being located 指定位置

[C] position or place 位置；地方 eg:

The hill is a good location for the new church. 那山丘是建筑新教堂的好地点。

7． organ n.

(1)any part of an animal body or plant 动植物器官 eg:

the organs of speech, the tongue, teeth, lips, etc. 语言器官（如舌、牙、唇等）

(2)organization 组织，机构 eg:

Parliament is the chief organ of the government. 国会是政府的主要机关。

(3)musical instrument from which sounds are produced by air forced through pipes, played by keys pressed with the fingers and pedals pressed with the feet 风琴

同、近义词辨析

1．likely, possible 与probable

（1）三者均表可能性，但意思有别。possible指客观上有可能性，但往往含有希望很小的意味；probable比possible可能性稍大，有“较为可能、大概”，指有实际依据；likely是从外表迹象判断有可能发生的事。 eg：

It’s possible, though not probable, that he will come tomorrow. 他明天可能来，但也不一定准来。

She is likely to ring me tonight. 今晚她很可能给我来电话。

（2）possible 不能用人做主语。possible 常用于下列句型：

It is possible to do sth. It is possible for sb. to do sth.

It is possible that … eg:

Is it possible to say so?可能这样说吗？

It is possible for me to do it. 我可能做那件事。

（3）probable 也不能用人做主语。一般只用于下面句型中：

It is probable that … eg:

It is probable that he will come. 他很可能要来。

（4）likely 既可用人作主语，也可用物做主语。通可用于“It is likely that …”句型中。 eg:

He is likely to come. = It is likely that he will come. 他可能要来。但不能说：It is likely for him to come.

（5）impossible, improbable, unlikely 用法与上述类似。

2．catch, grasp, seize 与snatch

catch是普通用语，用“设法抓住，捉住”的意思； grasp表示牢牢地“抓住”；seize指“突然用力抓住使不逃脱”；snatch 表示迅速的拉扯动作、出其不意地“抓取”。 eg:

The police caught the thief as he ran. 小偷逃跑时被警察抓住了。

He grasped his gun and rushed out. 他抓起枪就冲了出去。

He seized the gun from the enemy soldier. 他从敌人士兵手中夺过了枪。

The thief snatched her handbag and ran off. 小偷抢走了她的手提包就跑了。

知识点补充

1．Whatever great achievements the future may have in store for China, it is likely that many of them will be born in northwestern Beijing. 无论中国将来会有什么样的成就，其中许多可能就诞生在北京的西北部。

（1）in store 就要到来，必将发生 eg:

Who knows what the future has in store for us? 谁知道我们将来注定如何？

（2）in store 也有储存着，备用的意思 eg:

The runner kept some energy in store for spurting at the end. 那名赛跑的人为最后冲刺贮存精力。

2． Zhongguancun was set up as a special economic zone in the late 1990s and quickly became the leader of China’s hi-tech industry. 在20世界90年代末中关村作为高新科技特区被创立并迅速成为中国高科技工业的先锋。

（1）set up-establish 建立 eg:

The government has set up a working party to look into the problem. 政府成立工作组调查此问题。

（2）in the late 1990s 又可写成in the late 1990’s 二十世纪九十年代末

in the early 1980s 二十世纪八十年代初

（3）hi-tech= high technology 高科技，高技术

3． When I got my master’s degree, I wanted to return home but couldn’t find a company where I could use what I had learnt. 当我获得硕士学位时，我想回到家乡，可是我没能找到学有所用的公司。

（1）本句是一个复合句。When I got my master’s degree 为时间状语从句，修饰主句谓语动词wanted。wanted和couldn’t find为并列谓语动词，由并列连词but连接。where I could use what I had learnt为定语从句，修饰先行词company。what I had learnt 为宾语从句。

（2）a master’s degree 硕士学位 a doctor’s degree 博士学位a bachelor’s degree 学士学位

又如：Master of Arts 文学硕士 Doctor of Law 法学博士Bachelor of Science 理学学士

4．I will never forget how happy I was when I set foot in China again and was back with my friends and family. 我永远不会忘记当再次踏上中国土地和我的朋友及亲人团聚时，那种感觉有多幸福。

（1）本句是复合句。How happy I was …为宾语从句。when I set foot in China again and was back with … 为时间状语从句。

（2）set foot in/on 进入，踏进 eg:

She said she wouldn’t set foot in the room until it had been properly cleaned.

她说直到这屋子收拾好了她才住进去。

No man has ever set foot on that deserted island. 没有人曾光顾过那个荒芜的岛。

5． “Relying on science, technology, and knowledge to increase economic power”- makes it clear that science and business can and must work together to build the future. “依靠科学，技术，知识发展经常”，它阐明了科学和商业能够且必须结合在一起共创未来。

（1）此句为复合句。it为形式宾语，代表that引导的宾语从句。

（2）rely on/upon信赖，依赖 eg: He can always be relied upon or help. 他的帮助是永远可依赖的。

You may rely on my early arrival. 你放心好了，我会早到的。

（3）make…clear 表明，讲清楚 eg:

Have I made myself clear? 我讲清楚了吗？

They wanted to make it clear that they did an important and necessary job. 他们想说明他们做着一项重要且必要的工作。

6． …but we are excited about all the new technology and great ideas that are coming to life in Zhongguanzun. 但是我们为所有这些在中关村富有活力的新技术和卓越的想法而感到激动。

（1）that are coming to life in Zhongguancun 为定语从句，修饰先行词ideas。

（2）come to life 苏醒；恢复生气 eg:

We all thought he was drowned, but after an hour’s artificial respiration he came back to life.

我们都以为他淹死了，但经过一小时的人工呼吸后，他又苏醒了。

When I told the students the good news, they all came to life.

当我告诉学生们这个好消息时，他们都活跃起来了。

典型病句诊断

1． 病句：Yufang has come to China for three years.

诊断：Yufang has been in China for three years.

点拨：come为终止性动词，用于现在完成时时态，不能与表一段时间的状语连用。

2． 病句：Where has he gone is to be found out.

诊断：Where he has gone is to be found out.

点拨：主语从句应用陈述句语序。

3． 病句：When I got my master’s degree, I wanted to return back to China.

诊断：When I got my master’s degree, I wanted to return to China.

点拨：return意思是“come back”，不与back连用。

4． 病句：I would rather you tell me the truth.

诊断：I would rather you told me the truth.

点拨：would rather 后面带的宾语从句表示一种愿望，动词要用过去式来表示虚拟语气。

5． 病句：The old man stays very health.

诊断：The old man stays very healthy.

点拨：stay为系动词，意为“保持（状态）”，后用形容词作表语。

6． 病句：Great changes have been taken place in China.

诊断：Great changes have taken place in China.

点拨：take place “发生，举行”，不用被动语态。

7． 病句：This lesson is more easier than that one.

诊断：This lesson is much easier than that one.

点拨：形容词比较级前不可用more, 而可以用much, even, still, a great deal, a lot, far等加强语气。

8． 病句：All the answers are not correct. I can’t find one correct answer.

诊断：None of the answers are correct. I can’t find one correct answer.

点拨：all…not和not all…表示部分否定，意为“并非都……”，而none表示全部否定，意为“都不……”。

9． 病句：I don’t like the way which you speak to me.

诊断：I don’t like the way that you speak to me.

点拨：在way后面引导定语从句时，可用that, in which 或省略。

10． 病句：Zhongguancun has had a positive affect on business as well as science.

诊断：Zhongguancun has had a positive effect on business as well as science.

点拨：affect vt. “影响”； effect n. “影响”，have a good/bad effect on 意为“对……有好/不良的影响”。

典型例题精析

<1>Chinese arts have won the ________ of a lot of people outside China.

A.enjoyment B.appreciation

C.entertainment D.reputation

解析：enjoyment意为“快乐，高兴”；appreciation意为“欣赏”；entertainment意为“招待，对待”；reputation意为“名誉，名声”，根据句意来看选B项。答案：B

<2>The environmentalists said wild goats, ________ on the vast grasslands was a good phenomenon of the better environment.

A.escape B.absence

C.attendance D.appearance

解析：该题也是一个词汇辨析题，同时也考查构词法知识。escape意为“逃跑，避免”，absence意为“缺席”，attendance意为“到场、出席，护理、照料”，这三个词都与句意不相符，只有appearance“出现”符合题意。答案：D

<3>Mr. Smith used to smoke ________ but he has given it up now.

A.seriously B.heavily

C.badly D.hardly

解析：该题考查词义辨析、动词搭配和构词法知识。从词义上看，hardly为频度副词，要放在谓语动词的前面，首先应将D选项排除掉。另外三个词均为方式副词，虽然都可以置于不及物动词之后，但含义搭配各不相同。只有heavily习惯上与 “drink, smoke, rain, snow” 等动词搭配。故B为正确选项。答案：B

思路开拓

1.(高考全国卷Ⅰ)Sarah, hurry up. I’m afraid you can’t have time to before the party.

A.get changed B.get change C.get changing D.get to change

解析：本题考查get的用法。题意是“萨拉，快点吧!恐怕在宴会前你没时间换衣服”。get可用作系动词，后接过去分词，表示被动语态，如：get lost“迷路”，get dressed“穿上衣服”，get injured“受伤”，get paid“领取工资”等。此处get changed意为“换衣服”。答案为A。又如本单元课文中的一句话：The centre itself got started in the early 1980s, when Chen Chunxian, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, opened a private research and development institute.答案：A

2.(20高考湖南卷)I work in a business almost everyone is waiting for a great chance.

A.how B.which C.where D.that

解析：本题考查定语从句。题意是“我在一家公司上班，在这里几乎每个人都在等待着飞黄腾达的机会”。句中almost everyone is waiting for a great chance是一个定语从句，修饰前面的先行词business。由句子的结构可知，business在定语从句中应是作地点状语，即almost everyone is waiting for a great chance in the business，故引导词要用关系副词where。答案为C。又如本单元课文中的一句话：I want to return home but couldn’t find a company where I could use what I had learnt.答案：C

3.(年高考北京卷)Now that she is out of a job, Lucy going back to school, but she hasn’t decided yet.

A.had considered B.has been considering

C.considered D.is going to consider

解析：本题考查动词的时态区别。从题干中的is和hasn’t decided两个动作来看，句子用的是现在时态，根据时态一致原则，可先排除A、C两项。题意是“露西失业了，她一直在考虑回去上学，但还没有最终决定”。可知应用现在完成进行时，表示一段时间以来一直在做某事。故答案为B。又如本单元课文中的一句话：Since the early 1990s, China has been enjoying a boom in scientific and technology development. 答案：B

4.(2004年上海春招)Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage the girl and took her away, into the woods.

A.seizing;disappeared B.seized;disappeared

C.seizing;disappearing D.seized;disappearing

解析：本题考查识别句子结构的能力以及非谓语动词的用法。题意为“突然，一个驾驶着一辆金色马车的男人抢走了那个女孩，之后消失在那片树林里”。句子的主语是a tall man；driving a golden carriage是分词短语作定语；句中的and连接的是谓语动词seized和took；因为逗号不能起连接作用，故第二个空白处的动词与前面的seized和took不是并列的谓语动词，而应是作结果状语；因为disappear与man是主动关系，故用其现在分词形式作状语。答案为D。又如本单元课文中的一句话：In , Chinese scientists announced that they had completed mapping out their part of the international human genome project, proving that Chinese scientists are among the world’s best.答案：D

5.(高考上海卷)The discovery of new evidence led to .

A.the thief having caught B.catching the thief

C.the thief being caught D.the thief to be caught

解析：本题考查动词短语lead to的用法。lead to意为“导致，引起”，其中to是介词，后接名词或动名词。题意是“新证据的发现导致了那个贼的被捉”。显然，catch与the thief之间是被动关系，故要用动名词的被动式。答案为C。又如本单元中的一句话：The programme was started in March 1986 and has led to several breakthroughs in science and technology.答案：C

能力提升

§6.1 单项填空

1.The theory by Einstein was later to prove true, but at that time few people could accept it.

A.put out B.put together C.put aside D.put forward

解析：“爱因斯坦提出的理论”。put out“扑灭”；put together“组合；整理”；put aside“搁置；存放”；put forward“提出；推荐”。答案：D

2.I don’t think Jack is a man to be when we are in trouble and need his help.

A.hoped for B.related to C.expected from D.relied on

解析：“杰克是一个不可靠的人”。rely on“依靠；信赖”。答案：D

3.An earthquake shook the city last night and hundreds of houses .

A.got to damage B.got damaged C.got damage D.got damaging

解析：“get+done”是被动语态的一种形式，get damaged意为“被毁坏”。答案：B

4.Later, I wanted to return home but couldn’t find a company I could use I had learnt.

A.that;what B.when;what C.where;what D.where;that

解析：“在公司里我可以使用我所学的知识”。where引导定语从句；what引导宾语从句。答案：C

5.Mr.White is now in Beijing and runs a company in Zhongguancun together with some Chinese friends.

A.to base B.basing C.to be based D.based

解析：公司坐落在中关村，即以中关村为基地，用过去分词based作定语，相当于which is based。答案：D

6.The earliest influences upon children will most likely have the strongest effects their personalities.

A.toward B.on C.over D.for

解析：have effect on/upon是固定搭配，意为“对……有影响”。答案：B

7.Now there is just one point I wish you to make quite clear.

A.where B.which C.whether D.when

解析：point在后面的定语从句中作make的宾语，故引导词用which。答案：B

8.Just as the doctor , your wife is not exactly fat, but rather well-built for her age.

A.gets it B.makes it C.puts it D.means it

解析：get it“明白了，知道了”；make it“到达；成功”；put it“说，表达”；mean it“说话算数”。答案：C

9.They say the recorder costs 150 dollars. But I don’t think it’s worth much.

A.that B.as C.even D.rather

解析：“不值那么多钱”，用that much，此时that相当于so。答案：A

10.When I mentioned our plans for a trip abroad, the kids life at once.

A.came to B.got to C.return to D.went to

解析：come to life是固定短语，意为“变得活跃起来”。答案：A

11.He got full marks in this math exam, that he was among the class’ best.

A.to prove B.proved C.having proved D.proving

解析：此处用现在分词作结果状语，相当于and proved。答案：D

12.Firemen said the fire wasunder control, but they warned that the change in the weather might new fires.

A.lead to B.bring in C.result from D.break out

解析：天气的变化可能引起新的火灾。lead to“引起，导致”；bring in“引进，赚钱”；result from“起因于”；break out“爆发，发生”，是不及物动词短语。答案：A

13. great progress we have made, we should not be conceited.

A.However B.How C.Whatever D.What

解析：whatever引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter what。因progress是名词，故前面不能用however。

答案：C

14.He is the only one of the students who a winner of scholarship for three years.

A.is B.are C.have been D.has been

解析：此处定语从句修饰the only one，故从句中的谓语动词用单数形式。答案：D

15.The success you have achieved today may be for your whole future.

A.accessible B.significant C.temporary D.challenging

解析：你今天取得的成功或许对你整个人生都很重要。accessible“可使用的”；significant“重要的”；temporary“暂时的”；challenging“具有挑战性的”。答案：B

课文译文

中关村

不管中国将来会创造出多么伟大的成就，他们很有可能就诞生在北京的西北部。中关村，在北京海淀区，是中国科技的新中心。它是中科院以及北京大学、清华大学等十几所著名高校的所在地。

中关村在20世纪90年代末的时候才建为一个特别经济区，但很快就成了中国高新技术工业的领导力量。该中心本身创办于20世纪80年代初，中科院研究员陈春贤首先在此开办了一家私人研究发展学院。在接下来的里，大约有一百多家科技公司搬到这个地区来，这样，新的科技中心围绕着当初的中关村花园发展起来了。他们都有自己的特色，但他们也都有共同点，即:使得中关村成为一个成功典范的创新精神和科学技术。

中关村也拥有一批人数正在逐年增长的海外归来的学子，他们抓住机会来实现他们的愿望。项余方就是在海外学习工作后归国的学子之一。中关村实现了利用自己所学为国效力的梦想。

“我在国外求学是因为我想多看一看世界，能和我所研究领域的顶级科学家们一起工作。在国外，我从没感到很舒适，我想念在中国的一切。获得硕士学位的时候，我想回国，但苦于找不到一家公司施展我的才学。我在国外工作了几年，后来我听说了中关村，我知道它很适合我。”

项余方和几个在北京的大学同学说了这事，他们安排他回国。他辞去了在外国公司的工作，回到了北京。

“我非常高兴，太棒了，就像一个梦想实现了一样。我能做我想做的并且能为国家作贡献的事情了，我将永远不会忘记当我第一脚踏上中国的土地，再次见到我的朋友和家人时我是多么的兴奋！”

余方现在已在中国四年了，做得很棒。他住在北京，和两个朋友以中关村为基地开办了一家小公司。

中关村不仅对商业，对科学也有积极的影响。现在，中关村大约有八千多家高新技术公司，其中一半以上与IT（信息技术）产业有关。该园里也有中国电脑产业巨头“联想”和“方正”以及20多家知名国际公司。中关村的著名格言之一“依靠科学、技术、知识来增强经济实力”，说明科学和商业能够并且一定要联合在一起共建未来。另外一句格言帮我们解释该园的成功秘诀:“鼓励创造性工作，接受失败”。伟大的科学成就都是多年失败的结晶，多年的尝试创造以前从未存在的东西。

中关村的科学研究人员都知道，如果他们勇于面对失败，并且从失败中学习，他们就能够达到顶峰。不是所有的公司都能成功的，但他们所代表的创造精神是比金钱都还重要的。正如余方所说:“我们还没有挣很多钱，但对于中关村所激活的新技术和伟大的想法我们激动不已”。

综合技能

火热的成就

中国的历史充满了科技方面的伟大成就。自从20世纪90年代以来，中国的科技迅猛发展。中国政府提出“科技兴国”战略；在科技方面已经获得了许多重大突破。结果是显而易见的。

空间探索

CSA，中国航天部，已经成功地研发了长征系列火箭。这些火箭很安全，已经用来向太空发射卫星，并且准备发射我们国家第一次载人太空飞行。

探索生命奥秘

中国在利用基因技术提高农业产量方面一直都处于领先位置。最重要的成就之一就是一种能增加产量的水稻。在过去的二十年时间里，中国加入了研究人类身体的国际组织。，中国科学家宣布，他们已经成功地完成了他们那一部分的国际人类基因组测序工程，再一次证明中国科学家是全球最棒的。

电子革命

中国可以说是一眼就爱上了比特。互联网正在越来越受欢迎，一种新的宽带互联网即将问世。中国计算机工程师们研发了神威级超级计算机，运算速度，世界第48位，还研制了第一代人工智能机器人。

战胜癌魔

人类历史中第一次，科学家能创造出一种战胜癌细胞的化学元素。

知识记忆

1.significant adj.意义重大的，重要的，有意义的a significant date 一个重要的日期

It is a significant change in the system.这是制度上的重大改变。

The Olympic Games is a significant event for the country.举办奥运会是对该国具有重大意义的事件。

Penicillin was an extremely significant medical discovery.青霉素是一项极其重要的医学发现。

He gave her a significant look.他意味深长地看了她一眼。

be significant of… 意味着，表示……

His silence was significant of his displeasure.他的沉默显示了他心中的不快。

The laughter was significant of the crowd’s respect for the speaker.这笑声表示观众对演讲人的尊敬。

2.likely adj.很可能的

①sb./sth.is likely to do sth. “某人或某事可能会……”

He is likely to win.他可能会赢。

Are we likely to arrive on time?我们会按时到达吗？

It is likely to rain tonight.今晚可能下雨。

An accident is likely to happen if you are not careful enough.如不小心，你就可能出事故。

②It is likely that… “很可能会……”

Is it likely that he will arrive so late?他可能会来得很晚吗？

It is not likely that she should have said so.她不可能这么说。

adv.大概，或许，很可能；通常与most, very, quite等连用。

He will very likely pass the exam.他可能会通过考试的。

Most likely his attempt will fail.很可能他的尝试会失败。

3.private adj.私立的，私人的，非公开的

He attended a private school in town.他曾就读于城里的一所私立学校。

You can get a private doctor to operate on him.你可以找个私人医生为他做手术。

This is my private view.这是我个人的看法。

He is here on private business.他是因私事来这里的。

It’s wrong to read people’s private letters without permission.未经允许看私人信件是不对的。

I wish to have a private talk with you.我想私下与你谈谈。

in private“私下地，秘密地，不公开地”

It isn’t the sort of thing one should talk of in private.这不是那种可以私下谈论的事情。

He can be very rude in private, though in public he’s usually polite.他虽然在公共场合彬彬有礼，但私底下却很粗野。

4.grasp vt.抓住，抓牢，理解

He reached out, grasped my hand, and shook it.他伸出手，抓住我的手握了一下。

He grasped her firmly by the arm.他紧紧抓住她的手臂。

If you grasp the rope I will pull you up.你抓紧绳子，我把你拉上来。

Grasp your chances while you can.只要有可能，就要抓住你的机会。

You must grasp this opportunity to study abroad.你要抓住这次出国学习的机会。

I didn’t quite grasp what he was talking about.对他所讲的，我不太理解。

I grasped the main points of the speech.我理解了这次讲话的要点。

5.set foot in到达，进入，踏上

I left him, determined never to set foot in that house again.我离开了他，决心再也不踏进那个家门。

She had never set foot in a place as grand as this before.她以前从没到过这么大的地方。

I’ll never set foot in Tokyo again.我再也不会踏进东京一步。

6.failure n.失败[U]；失败的事或人[C]

Failure is the mother of success.失败乃成功之母。

His plans ended in failure.他的计划以失败而告终。

It was clear that the policy was a failure.很明显，那项政策失败了。

But this plan, too, can be nothing but a failure.但这项计划也只能会失败。

Gary was a failure as a football player.作为一个足球运动员，加里是个失败者。

Success comes after many failures.成功是源于很多次的失败后得来的。

7.locate vt.设置(机关、店铺等)，设立(工厂、办公室等)；确定……的位置

They decided to locate their new office in Hong Kong.他们决定在香港设立新的办事处。

We located the island on the map.我们在地图上确定那个岛的位置。

be located in/on… 坐落于……，位于……

Our school is located in the centre of the town.我们学校坐落于市镇的中心。

The country is located in the southern part of Africa.该国位于非洲南部。

8.luggage n.(总称)行李

He did not have much luggage.他没有很多行李。

You are only allowed to take one piece of hand luggage onto a plane.你只可携带一件手提行李上飞机。

They left their luggage at the station.他们把行李忘在了车站。

注：luggage是不可数名词。

9.put forward提出，建议，推荐

He had no desire to put forward his plan.他不想提出他的计划。

Are you serious in putting forward such a view?你真的要提出这种观点吗？

The theory was laughed at when it was first put forward.这个理论刚提出时，就受到了嘲笑。

We put him forward for the position of chairman.我们推举他当主席。

10.announce vt.宣布，宣告，显示

He phoned me to announce his decision.他打电话给我，宣布了他的决定。

The government announced its new economic policies.政府发布了新的经济政策。

We have announced our engagement to some friends only.我们只告知某些朋友有关我们订婚的事。

It has been announced that he will resign.他已经将辞职的消息宣布了。

He announced that he would pay his debts.他宣布他将偿还债务。

Please announce to your class that there will be no school tomorrow.请告知你们班的学生明天不上课。

A warm sunshine announces the coming of spring.温暖的阳光显示春天即将来到。

发散思维

1.rely on 依靠，依赖，信赖，指望

We may rely on his promises.我们可以信赖他的诺言。

The man is not to be relied on.这个人不可靠。

We must rely on our own efforts.我们一定要靠自己的努力。

They rely heavily on us for help.他们很依赖我们的帮助。

rely on sb.to do sth.指望某人做某事，相信某人会做某事

You can rely on Peter to do what he promises.你可以相信彼特会做他答应做的事的。

I rely on her to pay back the money.我相信她会还钱。

rely on one’s doing sth.指望某人做某事，相信某人会做某事

Don’t rely on my seeing you off.不要指望我为你送行。

We can’t rely on his coming in time.我们不能指望他会按时来到。

rely on it that… 相信……，指望……

You may rely on it that he will come to meet you.你放心好了，他会来接见你的。

2.arrange vt.安排，筹划，整理，布置

I have to arrange my affairs before going away.在走之前，我得把我的事情安排好。

Please arrange the books on the shelves.请把架子上的书整理好。

She helped me arrange the flowers.她帮助我养花。

The travel agency has arranged everything for our trips to Canada.旅行社已为我们的加拿大之行准备好一切。

arrange to do sth. 安排做某事，预定做某事

I’ve arranged to see her tomorrow morning.我安排明天上午会见她。

He arranged to meet us at the hotel at one o’clock.他预定1点到宾馆与我们见面。

arrange for 安排，准备

I have to arrange for everything.我必须准备好一切。

I’ll arrange for a car to pick you up at the airport.我会安排一辆汽车到机场去接你。

They have arranged for another man to take his place.他们已安排另一个人去接替他的位置。

篇4：高二11单元教案 (人教版高二英语上册教案教学设计)

Unit 11 Scientific achievements

I． 单元教学目标

技能目标Goals

▲ Talk about science and scientific achievement

▲ Practise expressing intentions and wishes

▲ Learn about Word Formation (1)

▲ Write a persuasion essay

II． 目标语言

功

能

句

式 1．Talk about science and scientists

2. Practise expressing intentions and wishes

If I got the money, I would……

My plan is to…….

I hope that…….

I want/ wish/hope/intend/plan to……

I’d like to……

I’m thinking of……

词 汇 1. 四会词汇

Engineering, solar, significant, mankind, constitution, likely, zone, private, grasp, master, perfect , arrange, rely, failure, locate, valley, brand, luggage, achieve, organ, boom, breakthrough, agency, announce, evolution, supercomputer

2. 认读词汇

Neil Armstrong, Alexander G Bell, eureka, economic, hi-tech, technological, overseas, IT, Lenovo, Founder, silicon, Nokia, Motorola, rejuvenate, impressive, genome, element, byte, humanoid

3. 词组

set foot (in), rely on, put forward,

4．重点词汇

significant, likely, private, grasp, master, perfect , arrange, rely, failure, locate, achieve,

breakthrough, announce

结构 Word formation

重

点

句

子 1．Whatever great achievements the future may have in store for China, it is likely that many of them will be born in northwestern Beijing.

2. Not all the new companies can succeed, but the spirit and creativity they represent are more important than money.

III． 教材分析与教材重组

1. 教材分析

通过学习了解人类的科学成就，帮助学生认识到这些成就深刻地改变了人类生产和生活的方式及质量，同时也深刻地改变了人类的思维观念和对世界的认识，改变并继续改变着世界的面貌，极大地推动了社会的发展。激发学生学科学，爱科学，把科学知识转化成科技成果，报效祖国, 为祖国的繁荣富强贡献自己的力量。

1.1 WARMING UP 通过讨论一些科学成就，帮助学生认识到这些成就怎样改变了我们生存的世界，对我们又将有什么样的影响以及所有科学成就的共同之处是什么。

1.2 LISTENING是一些科学发明的具体事例。

1.3 SPEAKING是一个任务型教学活动。提供了4种科研项目，让4位同学做为代表发言，通过介绍和辩论，说明自己的项目最重要，从而学会表达自己的意图和希望。

1.4 PRE-READING是开放性问题，要求学生开动脑筋，勤于思考，小组讨论找出问题答案。

1.5 READING是关于中关村科技园的介绍。通过学习了解中关村的发展，激发学生的民族自豪感。教育学生要以振兴民族产业为己任，为改变中国这个拥有13亿人口的大国的科技面貌产业，为由“中国制造”向“中国创造”迈进而努力学习。

1.6 POST-READING第一个题是5个选择题，目的是训练学生的事实核对能力；第二题是开放性问题比较中关村-中国的硅谷和美国硅谷的异同，此题可以很好的培养学生自主学习的习惯，还可以训练学生的概括能力，训练学生开放性思维，要求学生学会多角度的去思考问题，更能开阔学生的思路，丰富学生的视野。

1.7 LANGUAGE STUDY 分词汇和语法两部分。其中，Word study 是一个英语释义练习，旨在培养学生的英语思维能力，有助于养成英语思维的习惯。Grammar构词法知识介绍。本单元的语法训练设计是从易到难，呈阶梯状，由构词法知识介绍到篇章中的猜词义连习，设计得非常科学，可操作性强。

1.8 INTEGRATING SKILLS中的Reading介绍了近十几年来中国在不同领域取得的一些重大成就。WRITING部分要求学生给《现代科学》（Modern Science）杂志写一篇关于最伟大科学成就的文章，说明原因并且解释为什么你认为它是最伟大的。

1.9 TIPS 介绍了怎样写persuasion essay。

2. 教材重组

2.1将GRAMMAR与WORKBOOK中的语法练习题整合在一起上一节“语法课”。

2.2把WARMING UP 作为SPEAKING的热身练习，将WARMING UP与SPEAKING整合在一起，通过谈论科学成就，讨论最重要的科学成就，练习表达自己的观点和愿望，上一节“口语课”。

2.3将LISTENING 和 WORKBOOK 的LISTENING 结合在一起，上一节“听力课”。

2.4把PRE-READING, READING 和POST-READING 放在一起上一节阅读课。

2.5 将INTEGRATING SKILLS 设计为一节“综合实践课（一）”。

2.6将WORKBOOK 的INTEGRATING SKILLS设计为一节“综合实践课（二）”。

3. 课型设计与课时分配（经教材分析，本单元可以用6课时教完）

1st Period Grammar

2nd Period Warming up, Speaking

3rd Period Listening

4th Period Reading

5th Period Integrating Skills (1)

6th Period Integrating Skills (2)

IV. 分课时教案

The First Period Grammar

Teaching goals 教学目标

1. Target language目标语言:

Learn the Grammar--- Word formation (I)

2. Ability goals能力目标: Study the ways of forming a word and enlarge students’ vocabulary.

3. Learning ability goals学能目标：Enable students to use context clues and what they know about word parts to guess the meaning of new words.

Teaching important points教学重点

The ways of forming a word.

Teaching difficult points 教学难点

How to guess the meaning of a new word.

Teaching methods教学方法

Explaining and practising

Teaching aids教具准备

1. a projector 2. a computer

Teaching procedures & ways教学过程与方式

Step I Lead in

T: Good morning afternoon, class!

Ss: Good morning afternoon,Mr/Ms…

T: In this class, we are going to start Unit 11 Scientific achievements .Now pay attention to the two words. Will you please tell me how the two words are formed?

S1“Scientific”is the adjective form of” Science”.

S2:“Achievement “ is the noun form of “achieve”.

T: Observe them carefully; can you explain how they are formed?

S3:” Science” is a noun, if we add –fic to it, then we get its adjective.

S4: “achieve” is a verb. If we add –ment to it, we get its noun.

T: Excellent ! That is how the two words are formed. The basic part of any word is the root; to it, you can add a prefix at the beginning and/or a suffix at the end to change the meaning. For example, in the word “unflattering,” the root is simply “flatter,” while the prefix “un-” makes the word negative, and the suffix “-ing” changes it from a verb into an adjective (specifically, a participle).This is the grammar we are going to learn in this class.(Show Word Formation on the powerpoint.)

Step II Grammar

Ask students to observe the given words carefully and find out how words are formed.

T: How do learners improve their vocabulary? There are no super shortcuts to vocabulary, but there are various forms of support. Here is one example. Increasing your vocabulary is so important that you just can't forget about it. Don't bury your head in the sand. OK.. Please look at the following words and tell how they are formed. (Show the following words on the PowerPoint.)

affix

infix

prefix

suffix

Teacher explains the following.

T: What do these words (nouns) have in common?

Ss: All of them contain the root “fix”.

T: Well, they do have a number of things in common. Let's settle for the most obvious, the 'fix' at the end. So if we split them, this is what we get

af + fix

in + fix

pre + fix

suf + fix (These will be shown on the PowerPoint)

T: What does 'fix' mean?

Ss: Fix means attach to, fasten, stick, glue.

T: What about 'af' , 'in' , 'pre' , 'suf' ? in' and 'pre' are understandable, aren't they ?

'in' a room, 'in' a sentence, 'in' a word.

'pre' means before like in pre-war, pre-school, premature.

So what do infix and prefix actually mean? infix - to attach something inside (a word).prefix - to attach something at the beginning of (a word)

What about 'af' and 'suf'?

That's a bit more difficult to explain. 'af' is actually from the beginning the Latin word 'ad', and the meaning is the same as the English word add. Add 4 and 5 and you get 9.

'suf' is the Latin word 'sub', like in submarine, subway, suburb. The meaning is under, after (outside).

Why have the d in 'ad' and the b in 'sub' changed into f?

The reason is really quite simple. 'adfix' and 'subfix' are difficult to pronounce. There is economy in everything! You simply leave out the d and the b, but in order to mark their existence the words are spelt with an extra f .

So what do affix and suffix actually mean?

Ss: affix - to attach something to (a word)

suffix -to attach something at the end of (a word)

T: We have now fixed the fixes, haven't we? affix - something you add (stick) to a word

There are three kinds of affixes:

added inside the word - infix

added at the beginning of the word - prefix

added at the end of the word – suffix

Ss: What's this good for then?

T: Well, there are thousands of words with prefixes and suffixes. The infixes are fewer and less useful to you.

The English vocabulary basically consists of words of Latin and Germanic origin. There are prefixes in both groups.

If you know the basic meaning of a prefix or a suffix you can often 'guess' the meaning of an English word. There are a limited number of Latin prefixes and suffixes. If you learn the meaning of them, and learn to recognize them in English words, you will increase your vocabulary much faster.

Here are some of the most common Latin prefixes (for the meanings of the Latin roots, look up the words in a good dictionary): (Show the following on the PowerPoint.)

ab

(away) abstain, absent, absolve

ad

(to) adverb, advertisement, advance, adjoin

in /il-/im-/ir-

(not) incapable, indecisive, intolerable , illegal, impossible, irrugular

inter

(between, among) international, interaction interdependent, interprovincial

pre

(before) prerecorded, preface prefer

post

(after) postpone, postscript, postwar

sub

(under, not quite) subsoil, subscription, suspect ,subway, subnormal

trans

(across, to a changed state) transfer, transit, translate, transport ,transform

Step III Practice

T: Are you ready for some exercises? Open your books and look at Page6. Let’s do the exercises. Let’s do Exercise 1 first .How are these words formed? (Or show the following words on the PowerPoint).

international= inter-+national telephone= tele-+phone

mankind=man+kind broadband= broad+band

extremely=extreme+-ly manned= man+ -ed

hi-tech= high+technology email= electronic mail

IT= information technology CSA= Chinese Space Agency

S1:I think international and telephone are formed in the same way. We add prefix inter- to national and tele- to phone.

T: Good! What about the others?

S2: Mankind and broadband are formed in the same way. Each is made up of two words.

S3:Extremely and manned are formed by adding a suffix.

S4:Hi-tech is the shortened form of high technology and e-mail is the shortened form of electronic mail.

S5: IT stands for information technology. We use the first letters of the two words to form a new one .We use the first letters of Chinese Space Agency to form the word CSA.

T；Well done .So we know that words are formed in these ways. When you come across a new word, you can easily guess the meaning. Ok ,let’s come to Exercise2.

Deal with the rest of exercises in the same way.

Step IV Workbook

Step V WORD FORMATION EXERCISES

(If there isn’t enough time, please print it out and give the handouts to students as homework)

T: I’m very glad you’ve done the exercises quite well. Would you like to try some difficult ones?

Now look at the following exercises. You are given 8 minutes. Then we will check the answers together. If you have any difficulty, you may work with your partner or refer to a dictionary.

( Show the following exercises on the powerpoint.)

Use the word at the end of each gap to form a new word with which to fill the gap. While doing this exercise, look for clues which tell you what kind of word is missing (adjective, noun, verb, adverb). Make sure to take into consideration forms using various prefixes and suffixes, as well as negative forms.

EXERCISE # 1

This text was taken from “The Picture of Dorian Gray ” by Oscar Wilde

In the centre of the room, clamped to an upright easel, stood the full-length portrait of a young man of _____(ORDINARY) personal beauty, and in front of it, some little _____(DISTANT) away, was sitting the artist himself, Basil Hallward, whose sudden _____(APPEAR) some years ago caused, at the time, such public ______ (EXCITE), and gave rise to so many strange conjectures. As the painter looked at the ______ (GRACE) and comely form he had so _______

(SKILL) mirrored in his art, a smile of ______ (PLEASE) passed across his face, and seemed about to linger there. But he ______(SUDDEN) started up, and, closing his eyes, placed his fingers upon the lids, as though he sought to _______(PRISON) within his brain some curious dream from which he feared he might ______(WAKE).

EXERCISE # 2

This text was taken from “The Time Machine”, by H(erbert) G(eorge) Wells

`It is simply this. That Space, as our ______(MATHS) have it, is spoken of as having three dimensions, which one may call ______(LONG), Breadth, and _______(THICK), and is always definable by _______(REFER) to three planes, each at right angles to the others. But some philosophical people have been asking why THREE dimensions _______ (PARTICULAR) --why not another direction at right angles to the other three?--and have even tried to construct a Four-Dimension geometry. Professor Simon Newcomb was expounding this to the New York Mathematical Society only a month or so ago. You know how on a flat surface, which has only two dimensions, we can represent a figure of a three-______ (DIMENSION) solid, and ______(SIMILAR) they think that by models of thee dimensions they could represent one of four--if they could master the _______(PERCEIVE) of the thing. See?'

Keys to EXERCISE # 1

Extraordinary, distance, disappearance, excitement, gracious, skillfully, pleasure, suddenly, imprison, awake

Keys to EXERCISE # 2

Mathematicians, Length, Thickness, reference, particularly, dimension, similarly, perspective

Eight minutes later check the answers.

Show the answers on the PowerPoint so that students can have a better understanding of word formation.

T: After doing theses exercises I’m sure you have a better understanding on word formation. I hope this will help you to improve your vocabulary. When you come across a new word, try to guess its meaning in this way. Good luck to you! Today’s homework Finish all of the Vocabulary and Grammar exercises on the workbook That’s all for today.

Step VI Homework: Finish all of the Vocabulary and Grammar exercises on the workbook. Learn vocabulary on scientific achievements.

The Second Period Warming up & Speaking

Teaching goals 教学目标

1. Target Language目标语言：

a. 重点词汇和短语

solar energy, breakthrough, organ

b. 交际用语

Practise expressing intentions and wishes.

If I got the money, I would……

My plan is to…….

I hope that…….

I want/ wish/hope/intend/plan to……

I’d like to……

I’m thinking of……

2. Ability goals能力目标: Enable students to talk about scientific achievements. Help them learn to express intentions and wishes.

3. Learning ability goals学能目标：Talk about great scientific achievements that have changed the world. Practise expressing intentions and wishes by talking about which scientific project is the most important .

Teaching important points教学重点

Talk about great scientific achievements. Learn the patterns used to express intentions and wishes.

Teaching difficult points 教学难点

How to express intentions and wishes.

Teaching methods 教学方法

Group work Discussing (cooperative learning)

Teaching aids 教具准备

a tape recorder, a projector and a computer

Teaching procedures & ways 过程与方式

Step I Revision

Check the homework. Check the answers on the workbook with the whole class.

Ask some students to name some great achievements.

Step II Warming up

Show the photos of some great scientific achievements that have changed the world on the PowerPoint. Divide students into groups and ask them to discuss which one is the most important and what these achievements have in common. (The exercises in warming up on Page 1).Students may have different opinions. The most important thing is to encourage them to think and express their opinions.

T: Please look at these great achievements and work in groups and discuss the following questions. You may have different answers. But you will have to tell us your reasons. (Show the following questions on the PowerPoint.)

1. Among the great scientific achievements that have changed the world, which one do you think is the most important? Why?

2. What are some other scientific achievements that you think are important?

3. Do these achievements have anything in common? If so, what?

Five minutes later ask some students to speak out their opinion.

T: Ok. Please stop here. I’d like to listen to your opinions.

S1: I think electricity is the most important. The modern world cannot work without electricity. Electricity has changed our way of life. This summer in some areas there wasn’t enough electric power, so some factories had to close and people had lot of problems in life.

S2: In my opinion the most important is Radio and television. Radio and television have changed the way we look at the world.

S3: That’s true. But I still think the most important is solar energy. Because by using solar energy, we can save other energy resources. And what’s more we can protect our environment.

……

T: Good! Do these achievements have anything in common?

Ss: These great achievements have changed the world.

S8: And all these great achievements were made by westerners/ foreigners.

T: That’s true. My dear students please think thousands of years ago our ancestors made 4 great inventions that changed the world. We are proud of them. But among the recent 75 greatest achievements, none was achieved by us Chinese .So I hope you study hard and make great scientific achievements. I will be very proud of you. Every Chinese will be proud of you.

Step III Speaking

T: Ok. Suppose we are in the year of . You are scientists. You are working on different projects. All of you need money and want to get money to complete your project. You will introduce your project and explain why it is the most important. One member will listen to all the scientists and ask questions .At the end of the discussion, he or she must decide who will get the money and why .Now turn your books to Page 2, look at the Speaking part and work in groups of five .Please don’t forget the useful expressions. You are given five minutes to do it. Then I will ask some groups to act it out.

Show the useful expressions on the PowerPoint.

If I got the money, I would……

My plan is to…….

I hope that…….

I want/ wish/hope/intend/plan to……

I’d like to……

I’m thinking of……

Five minutes later, some students are asked to act it out

Sample of the speaking:

Official: I know all of you have your own reasons. Now I’d like each of you to state your reasons and answer my questions truthfully so that I can decide who will get the money.

Dr Wilson: Ok. I’ll speak first. Our team is working on a cure for AIDS. As everyone knows, this is an issue for everyone. AIDS as a disease is not affecting only minority groups - gay men, drug users and prostitutes. The latest figures from the World Health Authority and UNAIDS show that HIV infection is now the fastest-growing serious health condition in many countries around the globe, where women are particularly at risk of becoming HIV-positive. It's clearly no longer the 'minority' disease it once was. I hope to find a cure as soon as possible. So our research is extremely important.

Official: We’ve spent a lot of money on many programs which help people fight AIDS in poor countries.

Dr Wilson: That’s true. But our research is to find a cure for this deadly disease. If we got the money, we would do more experiments and find a solution sooner. Then we would save thousands of lives.

Official: OK. Let’s listen to what Dr Jones will say.

Dr Jones: Our research project is about cloning and how to use the new technology to cure disease. The main reason to clone plants or animals is to mass produce organisms with desired qualities. Other reasons for cloning include replacing lost family pets and repopulating endangered or even extinct species. And we are thinking of using the new technology to cure diseases.

Official: Could you give us an example?

Dr Jones: The number of pandas is becoming smaller and smaller. Even though the Chinese government has been trying hard to provide pandas a suitable environment, the number remains samll. If we find a way to clone pandas, they won’t die out. We can help to keep the balance of the world. So I think our group should get the money.

Official: Ok. I think it’s Dr Smith’s turn.

Dr Smith: Without water, man cannot live. Water is very important to us. But many areas are short of water. In some places, people cannot have enough drinking water. So I want to develop new technology that will make it possible to grow food in areas where there is very little water. This new technology would help us save the natural resource.

Official: How are your experiments going?

Dr Smith: The experiments are going as expected, but at present we are short of money. I need your support.

Official: Let’s listen to Dr Winfrey’s explanation about his project.

Dr Winfrey: Once the moon has been reached, Mars seems the next obvious destination. We are working on sending a manned spaceship to Mars. It would be very difficult for one country to carry out such a program. A mission to Mars would require funding.

Official: Neil Armstrong's “One giant step for mankind” defined a generation. The project is very interesting and I am not turning it down. I support it, and it should be further developed. The money goes to Dr Winfrey’s group. Congratulations!

Dr Winfrey: Thanks. You will be proud of us.

T: Well done. Many of you can express intensions and wishes very well. After class please practice these useful expressions more often.

Step IV Workbook

Step V Homework

Surf on the internet or use the library to find some information of Neil Armstrong, Alexander G Bell, Ray Tomlinson and more about scientific achievements in groups.

The Third Period Listening

Teaching goals 教学目标

1. Target Language目标语言：

constitution, Neil Armstrong, Alexander G Bell, Ray Tomlinson, eureka

2.Aility goals 能力目标:

Introduce some great scientists and their achievements to students by doing some listening exercises.

3. Learning ability goals学能目标：

By listening to the introduction of some scientists and their achievements help students learn more about scientific achievements. Improve their listening ability by doing listening exercises.

Teaching important points教学重点

Listen to materials about some great scientists and their achievements.

Teaching difficult points教学难点

How to improve their listening ability

Teaching methods教学方法

Listening, speaking, discussing

Teaching aids 教具准备

a tape recorder, a projector and a computer

Teaching procedures & ways 过程与方式

Step I Revision

Check the homework.

Ask some students to express their intensions and wishes using the patterns learned in this unit.

Ask students to say more about scientific achievements.

Step II: Leading in

After students talk about some great scientific achievements, show the pictures of Neil Armstrong, Alexander G Bell, Ray Tomlinson. Ask students to say something about the three great men.

T:Do you know anything about Neil Armstrong？

S1: He is the first man to land on the moon.

T: Good! What about Alexander G Bell?

S2: He was the inventor of telephone.

S3: Ray Tomlinson invented e-mail.

T: Quite good! Now let’s listen to some materials about them and then finish the exercises on page 2.

Step III: Listening

Part 1

Play the tape for students to listen and give students several minutes to finish the exercises. If students have any difficulty in listening, explain the difficult points and play the tape again where necessary. Then check the answers with the whole class.

T: Well done! I would like to learn more about Neil Armstrong, Alexander G Bell, Ray Tomlinson. .Which group will introduce Neil Armstrong to us?

S1: Our group has found something about Neil Armstrong.

T: Good. Please introduce something to us. Let’s read together. (Ask students to show the following on the PowerPoint or print them out)

In 1969, Neil Armstrong made history by becoming the first man to walk on the moon, uttering the immortal phrase, “One small step for man, one giant leap for mankind.”

NAME: Neil A. Armstrong

NASA Astronaut (former)

PERSONAL DATA: Born August 5, 1930 in Wapakoneta, Ohio. Married. Two sons.

EDUCATION: Bachelor of Science degree in aeronautical engineering from Purdue University; Master of Science degree in aerospace engineering from University of Southern California. He holds honorary doctorates from a number of universities.

SPECIAL HONORS: He is the recipient of many special honors, including the Presidential Medal for Freedom in 1969; the Robert H. Goddard Memorial Trophy in 1970; the Robert J. Collier Trophy in 1969; and the Congressional Space Medal of Honor, 1978.

EXPERIENCE: From 1949 to 1952, he served as a naval aviator; he flew 78 combat missions during the Korean War. During 1971-1979, Armstrong was professor of aerospace engineering at the University of Cincinnati, where he was involved in both teaching and research. Currently serves as Chairman, AIL Systems, Inc. Deer Park, N.Y.

NASA EXPERIENCE: Armstrong joined NACA, (National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics), NASA's predecessor, as a research pilot at the Lewis Laboratory in Cleveland and later transferred to the NACA High Speed Flight Station at Edwards AFB, California. He was a project pilot on many pioneering high speed aircraft, including the 4,000 mph X-15. He has flown over 200 different models of aircraft, including jets, rockets, helicopters and gliders.

In 1962, Armstrong was transferred to astronaut status. He served as command pilot for the Gemini 8 mission, launched March 16, 1966, and performed the first successful docking of two vehicles in space.

In 1969, Armstrong was commander of Apollo 11, the first manned lunar landing mission, and gained the distinction of being the first man to land a craft on the Moon and the first man to step on its surface.

Armstrong subsequently held the position of Deputy Association Administrator for Aeronautics, NASA Headquarters Office of Advanced Research and Technology, from 1970 to 1971. He resigned from NASA in 1971.

As a young man, Alexander Graham Bell taught deaf students in schools and universities and tutored them privately to help them communicate. He was trained in this work by his parents.

In 1862, Bell enrolled as a “student teacher” at a boy's school near Edinburgh, Scotland. There he taught music and elocution in exchange for instruction in other subjects. Later, he became a full-time teacher, using Visible Speech in teaching a class of deaf children. In April, 1871, Bell went to Massachusetts, where he met with great success.

As a teacher of the deaf, Bell was determined to help deaf people speak, so that they could take part in the speaking world, rather than be isolated and alone. To do this, he tried to find a way to make sound visible. Bell got his idea for making sound visible from his knowledge of how the ear hears.

Ray Tomlinson Inventor of Email

Email has become one of the most commonly used forms of communication, yet its invention passed with little note. Unlike some other communications breakthroughs, like the telegram or phone, nobody thought that email would grow as big as it has. Even the inventor of email, Ray Tomlinson, didn't know he was creating something important. But despite its humble beginnings, email has become an important part of our world. Whether it is used by a business for important messages, or by a disabled person simply to communicate, email is definitely here to stay.

After learning something more about the great people, go on dealing with the rest of listening exercises.

Part 2

Play the tape for students to listen and give students several minutes to finish the exercises. If students have any difficulty in listening, explain the difficult points and play the tape again where necessary. Then check the answers with the whole class.

Part 3

Students are encouraged to think creatively and give different answers.

Step IV: Workbook

Deal with the listening exercises on workbook.

Homework: Remember the three great men and their achievements.

Learn words and expressions in the text.

The Fourth Period Reading

Teaching goals 教学目标

1. Target Language目标语言：

a. 重点词汇和短语

likely zone, private, grasp, master, perfect, arrange, rely, failure, locate, valley, set foot in, rely on

b. 重点句型

1．Whatever great achievements the future may have in store for China, it is likely that many of them will be born in northwestern Beijing.

2. Not all the new companies can succeed, but the spirit and creativity they represent are more important than money.

2.Aility goals 能力目标: Learn about the development of Zhongguancun and great achievements China has made in recent years. Encourage students to become interested in hi-tech.

3. Learning ability goals学能目标：Students are divided into different groups. Each group will be assigned different tasks. They are asked to collect Zhongguancun’s information from different resources outside of class. Each group member should be involved. Through these activities students should learn to be involved, co-operate and solve problems.

Teaching important points教学重点The development of Zhongguancun and great achievements China has made in recent years.

Teaching difficult points教学难点

How to analyze the text and grasp the main idea of the text.

Teaching methods教学方法

Listening, reading, discussing

Teaching aids 教具准备

a tape recorder, a projector and a computer

Teaching procedures & ways 过程与方式

Step I Revision

Check the homework..

Go over the three great names Neil Armstrong, Alexander G Bell, Ray Tomlinson and how they changed the world.

Ask some students to read words and expressions in Unit 11.

Step II Pre-reading

Deal with the questions in the pre-reading part.

T: Good! In this class we are going to learn about the development of Zhongguancun First I’d like to make a survey. If you wanted to do research or start a hi-tech company, what kind of support and environment would you need?

S1: I think I will need support from academies of science.

S2：I think I will need support from the government, i.e. special policy to support my company.

S3: In my opinion, competition will help companies develop very fast. So I will set up my company in a science and technology center.

S4:……

……

T: Good! Why are scientific achievements important? How do they improve our life? How do they improve society?

S8: Scientific achievements can improve our life and change the world. For example before areoplanes and cars were invented, it took years to travel around the world. Now it is very convenient for people to travel.

S9: Scientific achievements make our life colorful. Scientific achievements make life more comfortable.

S10: Scientific achievements change our way of life. We are living a life quite different from our ancestors’.

S11: Scientific achievements also change our way of thinking.

…….

T: So scientific achievements are very important. Then you will good answers to this question:

Why do scientists spend so much time trying to achieve something?

S15: Because they like to do something valuable.

S16: Then they turn their wishes into reality.

S17: They are doing something to strengthen the social development.

T: They are very great. I hope you study hard and in future you will make some scientific achievements to benefit the world.

Step III Leading in

Help students to learn something about the symbol of Zhongguancun..

T: Now look at the picture. ( Show the picture of the statue in Zhongguancun on the powerpiont.) Do you know where it is? It is a statue of a DNA molecule. It is the symbol of the Zhongguancun Scientific and Technological Garden. In this class we are going to learn something about Zhongguancun.

Step IV Reading

Deal with the reading part.

Scanning

Ask the students to scan the text and find the information aboutZhongguancun. Then fill the information in the form. It is not necessary to write in whole sentences. Key words will do. Students will finish the task independently and then they will compare their notes with their group members.

T: First I’d like you to do the scanning and then finish the form with the information you get from the text. You don’t need to write in sentences. Key words are OK. After you finish, please compare your notes with the other group members.

Show the form on the PowerPoint.

Zhongguancun is located in Northwestern Beijing

What is it? China’s Silicon Valley

In the early 1980s Chen Chunxian opened a private research and development institute

Set up as a special economic zone

Zhongguancun is home to A growing number of overseas Chinese;

A number of science parks;

Many IT companies

The number of IT companies in Zhongguancun More that 8,000 hi-tech companies

Its effect On business& science

Several minutes later, students compare their information with each other in groups. Then show the following form on the PowerPoint.

Zhongguancun is located in Beijing’s Haidian Distric Northwestern Beijing

What is it? New center for Chinese science and technology China’s Silicon Valley

The science center got started In the early 1980s Chen Chunxian opened a private research and development institute

Set up as a special economic zone In the late 1990s Leader of China’s hi-tech industry

Zhongguancun is home to Some famous research institutes and universities A growing number of overseas Chinese；A number of science parks;

Many IT companies

The number of IT companies in Zhongguancun More than 4,000 IT companies More that 8,000 hi-tech companies

Its effect positive On business & science

T: From this form we can have a clear image of Zhongguancun. Let’s come to the post reading questions.

Skimming

Ask students to skim the text and then finish the post-reading questions.

T: Look at the post reading questions first. Then skim the text to find the answers.

Then check the answers with the whole class.

Suggested answers:

1. A.B.C.D 2. D 3.C.D 4.B 5. C.D

Sum up the main idea of each part.

Ask the students to read through the text and grasp the main idea of the text. Before giving students the answers, ask them to discuss first.

In this procedure, students should sum up the main ideas by themselves first, then discuss with group members.

(Cooperative learning)

T: Now let’s sum up the main idea of each part. While reading, please think carefully and decide how many parts the text should be divided into.

After reading the text, Ss will think carefully and then they will discuss with their group members. Then some spokesmen will stand up and speak out their opinions.

T: OK. I’m glad you have thought actively and had a heated discussion. Let’s look at the suggested answers.

(Show the suggested answers on the PowerPoint.)

The main idea of each part

Part1 (Paragraph1-2)

General introduction of Zhongguancun.

Part2 (Paragraph 3-7)

Why Zhongguancun attracts more and more overseas Chinese.

Part3 (Paragraph 8-9)

The positive effect Zhongguancun has had on both business and science & the spirit of Zhongguancun.

T:I hope you will remember the spirit of Zhongguancun.I hope it will encourage you to study hard and be the guide of your life.

Step IV Explanation

During this procedure Teacher will play the tape for students. Students will underline the difficult sentences. After listening to the tape, Teacher will explain the text and deal with language problems.

T: We have learned the main ideas of the text. This time we will deal with some difficult language focuses. Now I will play the tape for you .Please make a mark where you have difficulties.

After listening to the tape, explain the difficult sentences to students. Before explaining the difficult points, students are asked to refer to the notes to the text.

T: Do you have any difficulties with the text？

S1In the first sentence Whatever great achievements the future may have in store for China, it is likely that many of them will be born in northwestern Beijing. can I replace “likely” with “possible”?

T: Yes, you can. It is the same. We can say “It is possible that something will happen” But when we say “Somebody is likely to do sth “or “Something is likely to happen.”.

E.g. The train is likely to be late.

She is not likely to come next month.

S2: In the last paragraph the second sentence” Not all the new companies can succeed”, does “not all “mean “none”?

T: No, “not all” means” some”.Do you have any other questions?

Ss: No.

T: Today’s home work Surf on the internet and find more about Chen Chunxian and Zhongguancun .That’s all for today.

Step VI Homework

Surf on the internet and find more about Chen Chunxian and Zhongguancun.

The Fifth Period Integrating Skills (1)

Teaching goals教学目标

1. Target language目标语言:

a. 重点词汇和短语 boom, rejuvenating, impressive, genetic, genome, byte, broadband, humanoid, put forward

b. 重点句型

In 1995, the Chinese government put forward a plan for “rejuvenating the nation by relying on science and education”.

2. 能力目标: Help students to learn about scientific achievements in different fields made by Chinese.

3. 学能目标: After learning about scientific achievements, students should realize scientific achievements rely on science and education and knowledge will help them to achieve their goals.

Teaching important points教学重点

Help students to learn about scientific achievements in different fields made by Chinese.

Help students to realize scientific achievements rely on science and education and knowledge will

help them to achieve their goals.

Writing: Write a persuasion essay.

Teaching difficult points 教学难点

How to write a persuasion essay.

Teaching methods教学方法

Task-based teaching method

Teaching aids教具准备

1. A recorder 2. A projector 3. A computer

Teaching procedures & ways教学过程与方式

Step I Revision

Check the homework.

T: Yesterday I asked you to find more about Chen Chunxian and Zhongguancun. Have you done your homework?

S1: Chen Chunxian was called “Father of “China's Silicon Valley”. He died on August 9,2004 in Beijing.

S2:He was China's Silicon Pioneer, but he had had many failures.

S3: He is publicly recognized as the first mover in China’s IT industries in the 1980s. He was born in 1934. In 1953, he entered the University of Moscow to study physics. At the time of his study, it was the heyday of Russian research and development. Sputnik, the first satellite, was launched in 1957. After he finished his degree in 1958, he started his career as a researcher at the Institute of Physics in the Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), the most preeminent research institute in China.

S4: Chen Chunxian, along with 10 fellow CAS scientists took academic tours to the U.S. soon after the Open Door Policy was established in 1978.

S5: In 1980 he started up the Advanced Technology Service Department, a technology-consulting firm in the Zhongguancun area of Beijing, with 15 staff members from CAS. Many scientists and researchers followed Chen’s example in the early 1980s

……

T：I’m glad to share your information. You’ve done very well. Here’s a piece of news on his death. Please read it. (Show the following on the PowerPoint.)

Father of ”China's Silicon Valley“ Dies

Chinese scientist Chen Chunxian, founder of Beijing's Zhongguancun hi-tech area, has passed away at the age of 70.

The physicist died Monday morning. He made his last contribution to society by donating his corneas to a medical institution.

In 1980, 46-year-old Chen Chunxian tabled the proposal of building Zhongguancun into China's ”Silicon Valley“.

He left Chinese Academy of Sciences the same year to establish the first private scientific institution in the country, the precursor of China's hi-tech enterprises.

Chen Chunxian's efforts to develop China's hi-tech industry have given him the name ”father of Zhongguancun“.

(CRI August 11, 2004)

Step II Leading in

T: Though he had many failures, his spirit inspires thousands of people to work hard to build a new future. Just as a motto says: “Encouraging pioneering work and accepting failure”, great scientific achievements are the results of years of failures, years of trying to create something that has never existed before. Now let’s look at the great achievements we Chinese have made in different fields.

Step III Integrating skills

Students are requested to look through the text in the given time and then finish the exercise on Page 8. Students are given several minutes to discuss their answers with their group members. Several minutes later, check the answers with the whole class.

T: Look through the text on page 7 quickly and then finish the exercise on page 8.Eight minutes later we will check the answers together.

Suggested answers:

Field Achievements Importance

Exploring space Developed Long March rocket series Safe; used to send satellites into space; prepare for the nation’s first manned flight

Genetic research A new kind of rice which allow farmers to increase production；

Completed part of the international human genome project in A leader in the field of genetic research;

Proving that Chinese scientists are among the world’s best

Computer engineering A new high-speed broadband network was recently started;

Developed the supercomputer Shenwei; built the nation’s first humanoid robot The internet is becoming increasingly popular.

Medical science Created a chemical element that can fight cancer cells Gives hope to cancer patients all over the world; makes China one of the world leaders in the battle against the deadly disease.

After finishing the exercises, play the tape for students to follow. Then explain the questions students ask.

Step V Writing

T: Now let’s come to Writing. First read the tips. Then finish writing an essay for the magazine Modern Science.

After the brief introduction, students will discuss in groups. Then they will write an outline by themselves. Students will finish the writing outside class. After every student finishes his writing, their work will be collected and on display.

Step VI Homework Finish writing your essay.

The Sixth Period Integrating Skills (II)

附 件

I.本单元课文注释与疑难解析

1. Whatever great achievements the future may have in store for China, it is likely that many of them will be born in northwestern Beijing.无论中国将来会有什么样的伟大成就，很有可能其中很多就诞生在北京的西北部。

1. whatever conj. regardless of what , no matter what 引导让步装语从句。

Eg. Whatever happens, the first important thing is to keep cool.( Whatever happens= No matter what happens)

不管发生什么事,头等重要的是保持冷静。

Whatever you do, I won't tell you my secret. (Whatever you do= No matter what you do )

不管你做什么, 我都不会把我的秘密告诉你。

注意：当whatever 引导名词性从句时， 不可用no matter what 替换, whatever= anything that 。

You may do whatever you want to do.（whatever= anything that）

无论你想做什么事，你都可以做。

Whatever can be done has been done. （Whatever= Anything that）已经做了能做的一切。

2. likely adj. probable可能的

1.) sb be likely to do sth

sth be likely to happen

2).. It is likely that ……

Eg. The train is likely to be late.这趟火车很可能晚点。

She is not likely to come next month.她下月很可能不来。

They are likely to become angry with him.他们可能会对他发怒

It is very likely that he will not consent.

很可能他不会同意。

like possible probable

意思都含“可能的”。

likely 系常用词, 指“从表面迹象来看很有可能”, 如:

It is likely that she will ring me tonight.(= She is very likely to ring me tonight.)很有可能她今晚给我打电话。

possible 指“由于有适当的条件和方法, 某事可能发生或做到”, 强调“客观上有可能”, 但常含有“实际希望很小”的意思, 如:

It is possible to go to the moon now.

现在有可能登上月球。

probable 语气比 possible 强, 指“有根据、合情理、值得相信的事物, 带有‘大概’、‘很可能’”的意思, 如:

l don't think the story is probable.

我觉得那故事不大可能。

2．In1995， the Chinese government put forward a plan for “rejuvenating the nation by relying on science and education” and it has helped Chinese scientists make many breakthroughs.

1995年中国政府提出“科教兴国”的规划，帮助中国科学家取得了许多突破性的成就。

1. put forward 1）提出（意见、建议）

”In 1860, a better plan was put forward by an Englishman, William Low.“

”1860年,一个名叫威廉.娄的英国人提出了一项更好的计划。“

2）推荐；提名；推举

Shall we put Mr Willinton forward as the candidate for chairman of the committee?

”我们提名惠灵顿先生作为委员会主席的候选人,好吗?“

2. rely（与on, upon连用）依靠；依赖；信任；信赖

rely on one's own efforts依靠自己的努力

You may rely on me.你可以信赖我。

rely depend

都含“信赖”的意思。

rely 指“在过去经验的基础上, 依赖、相信某人或某事物, 希望从中得到支持或帮助”, 如:

He can be -lied on to keep secret.

相信他能保密。

depend 指“出于信赖而依靠他人或他物, 以取得其支持或帮助, 这种信赖可能有过去的经验或了解为根据, 也可能没有”, 如:

He can depend on his wife for sympathy.

他相信妻子会同情他。

2. breakthrough n..1) 突破，冲破防线

a military breakthrough军事突破

2)突破性的发现，成就

a scientific breakthrough科学成就

Surgeons have made a great breakthrough in the kidney transplantation.

外科医生们在肾移植方面取得了重大突破。

II. 文化背景知识

Ray Tomlinson(born 1941) Inventor of Email

Frequently Asked Questions

Did you send the first network email?

Why did you do it?

Why did you choose the at sign?

What was the first message?

Did you receive any rewards, patents, etc.?

What were the early uses of email?

Did you send the first network email?

As far as I know, yes. However, there are a few qualifications. Network should be included because there were many earlier instances of email within a single machine. Computer networks, in any real sense, didn't exist until the ARPANET was built starting in 1969. Dick Watson proposed a form of email in July 1971 (RFC 196). I don't think that was ever implemented. It differed in that the mail was directed to numeric mailboxes. RFC 196 also suggests that the final product would be a printer output (i.e. ink on paper). SNDMSG sent messages to named individuals (computer users).

________________________________________

Why did you do it?

Mostly because it seemed like a neat idea. There was no directive to ”go forth and invent email“. The ARPANET was a solution looking for a problem. A colleague suggested that I not tell my boss what I had done because email wasn't in our statement of work. That was really said in jest because we were, after all, investigating ways in which to use the ARPANET.

________________________________________

Why did you choose the at sign?

The primary reason was that it made sense. at signs didn't appear in names so there would be no ambiguity about where the separation between login name and host name occurred. (Of course, this last notion is now refuted by the proliferation of products, services, slogans, etc. incorporating the at sign.) The at sign also had no significance in any editors that ran on TENEX. I was later reminded that the Multics time-sharing system used the at sign as its line-erase character. This caused a fair amount of grief in that community of users. Multics used IBM 2741 terminals which used EBCDIC character coding. They did not have a ”control“ modifier key and didn't have many (any?) non-printing characters beyond space, backspace, tab, and return. The designers of Multics were constrained to using printing characters for line-editing.

________________________________________

What was the first message?

The first message of any substance was a message announcing the availability of network email. The exact content is unknown, but it gave instructions about using the at sign to separate the user's name from his host computer name.

________________________________________

Did you receive any rewards, patents, etc.?

Not unless you consider the current interest in the origins of email a reward.

________________________________________

What were the early uses of email?

The early uses were not terribly different from the current uses: The exceptions are that there was only plain text in the messages and there was no SPAM.

A Conversation With The Inventor Of Email

By Sharon Gaudin

Ray Tomlinson gave society one of the greatest communication tools in history. He invented email back in 1971 -- essentially fostering global business communication and turning the Internet into a digital kitchen table for far-flung family members.

The MIT grad is one of the forefathers of the Internet, working on ARPANET, the forerunner to the Internet, along with workstations, super computers and a slew of protocols.

But email may be his greatest legacy -- if not the toughest project he's ever worked on. Alexander Graham Bell became a household name -- someone children learn about in school -- because he invented the telephone. But consider that in this high-tech era there are more emails sent every day than telephone calls. That definitely gives Tomlinson his own place in history, if not a life of fame and fortune.

In this Q&A, the man who was honored earlier this year for a lifetime of innovation by Discover magazine, says he's irked by spam and hopes for a technical solution. He also talks about his vision for the future of email, dismisses claims that he's changed society and updates us on the distributed computing project he's working on today at BBN Technologies in Cambridge, Mass., where he's worked for the past 35 years and is their much-lauded principal engineer.

Q: What was your vision for email, and has the reality of it lived up to your expectations?

I'm not sure there was a vision there. It was a hack -- a neat thing to try out. ...It probably took four, five, six hours to do. Less than a day spread over a week or two -- when I had a spare moment. The idea was this facility had proved its usefulness sending messages to the same computer. What about when someone was on another computer, maybe across the country? It would be like the telephone but they wouldn't have to be there to answer the phone.

Q: When did you realize how big email was going to be?

It never seemed big at the beginning because there weren't many computers. It was only as big as the network. It depended upon having people with access. As an idea, it caught on right away, but there were so few people on the network... We didn't call it email. If we called it anything we called it mail or messages. The contrast with snail mail wasn't necessary then... I never documented the creation of the program. In 1993, someone started to ask where email started. I knew I had done the program... but later various people came along and there were a lot of additional ideas that went into it.

Q: How many email addresses do you have?

I have three that I use and three that I don't. They're three come-along-for-the-ride email addresses that you get from an ISP.

Q: How do you feel about spam and what should be done about it?

I get irked when I get spam. It's a tough problem and I'd like to see a solution come along. So far the solutions aren't working. Either they filter too much or they're not effective when they should be. They don't do what humans would do. Why did that email come through? And why didn't that legitimate one get through? No, I don't think legislation will work. I hate legislative solutions. It just doesn't sit well. I'd like to think people have the common sense not to spam, but obviously they don't. It's still possible we may have a technological solution for it. I would like to see that. I'm not spending any time on it myself. The other stuff I'm working on now is more interesting to me. I didn't have any association with email after the late '70s. I watched it from afar but I didn't participate.

Q: How do you see email evolving? What will it look like 10 years from now?

If it doesn't get killed off from spam, it probably won't be a lot different. You may see it more closely integrated with other forms of communication, though, like instant messaging. Once email is answered, you could continue the conversation more immediately, like with instant messaging. Simultaneous correspondence is a lot better than a few emails in a few hours. Or maybe you'll get an email and press a button and make a phone call... not with Verizon, but over the Internet. People would like more seamless interaction between the tools. They don't like being in a particular mode and having to switch to another. I want to specify what I want to do. I don't care how it happens... Bandwidth will go up. DSL is becoming more common. Cable modems are more common. Technology there will improve those services.

Q: What do you think of instant messaging?

I don't use it myself. I got turned off when I installed some browser that insisted with cluttering my screen up with instant messaging. The closest I've come to IM is some chat services. They were not fast enough. They weren't instant to me. I think people who use it are very happy with it. It fills an important niche.

Q: What can be done to make email more secure and cut down on the distribution of viruses and worms?

The insecure part of email is not something you can fix with technology. It's just so convenient. You can have an attachment in an email that does something for you. The attraction with that tempts people to click on an application... and get a virus. Anything you can think of to tag that as a virus is not going to be used. You'd have to have the cooperation of the hacker for that to work. And if your ISP threw away every attachment, that wouldn't work because email would lose its utility as a communication tool.

Q: A lot of people say email has changed society. Do you buy into that?

I think there will never be an answer to that. It's had an effect. I don't think people are fundamentally different now than they would have been. They simply communicate more. Maybe they've made friends and maintain relationships that they wouldn't have. But bad guys are still bad guys. Good guys are still good guys. Friendly people are still friendly. Just because they can be friendly over email and not a telephone [isn't that much of a difference]. You just have a larger community to draw from. If you have problems or are looking for answers, you have additional opportunities to find those answers. It's like having a library in your hometown or not. If it's not there and you have to make a trip to another town, you might not do it. You can tap into resources more readily. People have found answers to questions and email has been part of that solution.

Q: Is high-tech research as exciting to you now as it was back in the late '60s and early '70s when you were working on ARPANET and email?

Yeah, the subjects are different. This may be more exciting because there's so much happening all at once. We have this wonderful tool - the Internet. It's been around in one form or another since about '74. That's when the first networks were hooked together. It's just a wonderful resource. Think of ways to hook things together. Think of ways to get information.

Q: What are you working on now?

Distributed systems that use tools in various places around the country and work out solutions to problems. Trying to get it to happen is a challenge, but getting it to happen is tremendous. The system is based on agents, which are software applications that have certain expertise to work out solutions, like scheduling. Other agents know how to take a problem and break it down into smaller problems. They talk with each other and give each other answers. One agent will have access to specific information so it will be able to answer specific questions. We're actually working on solving the Department of Defense's logistical problems. We have a particular focus, but the overall techniques are general and could be adapted to other scenarios... We're working on both Linux and Windows and it's written in Java so it's relatively platform independent.

Q: Does it bother you that Ray Tomlinson is not a household name despite the contributions you've made?

No, it doesn't bother me. It's a geek thing. Computer nerds know that I've done this. I've gotten emails from individuals who've run across this fact. They say, 'It's great what you did. Why don't you do something about spam?' I'm not a household name. I wouldn't say it has brought me no fame and fortune, but it's not what most people think of when you say those words. It's kind of neat to have people talking about what you did and have people interested in it. It's not the center of my life.

Q: What is the center of your life?

I'm not sure I have a center. I just do what I do. I play around with computers and do some music and a little golfing.

Q: Was email the biggest thing that you've worked on?

I think there were bigger things -- things that took more effort. The workstation that I designed and built back around 1980 -- that was the biggest single thing I've done. It was a two-year effort. And it worked and it was useful. We never tried making a product out of it but it did serve our researchers... It was fun playing around with the super computer design. It didn't pan out, but it expanded my own knowledge. Everything has been interesting. I can't single out any one thing.

Q: What else interests you right now?

I read about anything I can get my hands on, from biology to archeology. I see none of these as something I'll directly work on... but biological computing is intriguing. And I'm interested in quantum computing too.

Chen, China's silicon pioneer, dead at 70

By Mike Clendenin

EE Times

August 11, 2004 (8:00 AM EDT)

TAIPEI, Taiwan - Chen Chunxian, the scientist credited with setting up China's ”Silicon Valley,“ died Monday (Aug. 9) at the age of 70, according to state media reports.

In 1980, four years after the death of Communist Chinese leader Mao Zedong and the opening of China, Chen walked away from a coveted position at the national Chinese Academy of Sciences to launch a high-tech development company in the Zhongguancun area of Beijing.

Chen, a Soviet-trained scientist and one of China's top plasma researchers at the time, was apparently inspired to set up the firm after a visit to California's Silicon Valley. Although his company eventually failed, his pioneering effort is credited with helping other tech-minded entrepreneurs.

Sitting on the northwest outskirts of Beijing, Zhongguancun eventually transformed from a sleepy academic district into a bustling electronics bazaar, with a mlange of privately funded retail shops driving its growth. In 1988, the city government officially established the Haidian Science Park within the Zhongguancun area and about a decade later the central government created the Zhongguancun High-tech Zone, encompassing about 100 square kilometers and making it Beijing's largest tech-oriented zone.

Considered the cradle of China's fabless industry, Zhongguancun also houses more than half of the countries Internet firms and the park administration believes some 6,000 companies - 70 percent of which are tech firms - have offices within its borders. In 2000, the park's revenue of $14 billion accounted for 60 percent of Beijing's industrial growth, according to the park administration.

More than a decade after Chen's pioneering endeavor, the failure of his company still registered more with Chen then the IT legacy he had been a part of. He was quoted as saying: ”I don't consider myself a hero. A true hero should be rewarded with success.“

State media did not report the cause of Chen's death.

Zhongguancun, China's Silicon Valley

A statue of a DNA molecule. It is the symbol of the Zhongguancun Scientific and Technological Garden.

The numerals 0 and 1 represent the idea that Zhongguancun will rely on computer technology to develop itself.

The Chinese Academy of Sciences, as well as a dozen famous colleges and universities, including Beijing and Qinghua Universities are located in Zhongguancun in Beijing's Haidian District. The area has a dynamic economy that focuses on the knowledge and information industries. The average age of the several hundred thousands of employees in Zhongguancun is about 30; and the area of Zhongguancun is popularly known as the Silicon Valley of China.

Since 1978, when China started to implement the policies of reform and opening-up, various special economic zones were established, such as the city of Shenzhen in Guangdong Province in the 1980s, the new district of Pudong in the Shanghai Municipality in the 1990s, and Zhongguancun in Beijing in the late 1990's. It has been forecasted that Zhongguancun will become the leader of China's hi-tech industry in the 21st century.

Similar to Silicon Valley in the United States, Zhongguancun is a product of the development of the market economy. Twenty years ago, the Chinese government decided to focus its attention on economic development, and so began the nationwide implementation of reforms. On October 23, 1980, Chen Chunxian, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, founded a technological development service department under the Beijing Society of Plasma Physics in Zhongguancun. It was the first civilian-run scientific and technological institution in the area. By the end of 1986, 100 non-governmental scientific and technological enterprises, specially engaged in the development and marketing of electronic products, were set up along the sides of a street which was later called the Zhongguancun Electronics Street.

An office of a large enterprise in Zhongguancun.

Wang Xuan (second from left) is one of the most famous scientists in Zhongguancun. He has developed the technology of laser photo-typesetting of Chinese characters and has made contributions to the technological revolution of China's printing industry.

Cultivating Chinese kale for bioengineering research. Bioengineering will become Zhongguancun's next important area of economic growth.

In order to accelerate its development, the densely populated Zhongguancun Garden designed a new development pattern and established five subsidiary scientific and technological gardens. The Haidian Garden, where the Zhongguancun Electronics Street is located, is responsible for the research and development of hi-tech products. It has set up the 1.8-square-kilometer Shangdi Information Industry Base and the 4-square-kilometer Yongfeng Experiment Base. The other four subsidiaries are the Fengtai Garden, the Changping Garden, the Yizhuang Scientific and Technological Garden in the southern suburb, and the Electronics Garden in the nort

篇5：高二13单元教案(人教版高二英语下册教案教学设计)

The water planet

Tasks which should be achieved in this unit:

a. Achieve language skills and related knowledge about the topic of water and the ocean.

b. Learn how to make suggestions and how to express opinions.

The water is being used to /for….

We should/ could….

If we …, we can ….

It would be better to …

c. Vocabulary in this unit:

benefit, disadvantage, range, available, pure, mass, float, absorb, stable, bottom;

d. Useful expressions:

benefit from, range from … to…., all the way, be made up of, that is, freezing point, break down, mix with, be measured in…, take advantage of…, keep … steady, manage to do.

e. Grammar:

Review Modal Verbs.

情态动词can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, must, can’t 等的用法。

1) can /could

Jin can speak English well. (ability)

Could you please show me the way to Beihai Park? (request)

2) may /might

May we see the awards for the teams? (permission; request)

She might give you some new clothing. (possibility)

3) will /would

The Spring Festival is the most fun. The whole family will come for dinner. (promise; agreement)

Often he would dress up like a rich man. (past habit; custom)

4) shall /should

The harvest festival begins on Saturday. We shall be there with our friends. (promise; agreement)

You should arrive at the airport two hours before he goes. (advice)

5) must /can’t

Wang Feng wins an award every year. He must be very strong (speculation)

You must be joking. That can’t be true. (guessing)

Teaching procedure:

Period 1.

Contents: Warming up & reading comprehension

Step 1.Warming up

Aim: Make students get to know something about water.

Step 2. Pre-reading

1.Show some pictures of making electricity, irritating in agriculture, transport by ships, etc,.

2.group work:

How is the water being used?

Step 3. While-reading

1.Scanning: Ss read scan the bold words in the passage and understand the structure of the passage.

How many parts are there in the passage?

2.Ss read and get the main ideas of each part.

Part 1(para1): the properties of water;

Part2(Para2): chemical structure of water---H2O

Part3(Para3): salinity----- the percentage of salt.

Part4(Para4): Density

Part5(Para5): heat capacity

Part6(Para6-7) Ocean motion

Step 4. After-reading

Finish the post-reading Ex on P21.

Step 5. Assignment

1. surf the internet and get more information about water and ocean using search engines like yahoo or baidu. ( or just input the key words like Jules Verne into the address column of IE)

2. discussion:

What will you prepare for writing an explanation of corals?

After discussion, work out an outline.

Period 2.

Contents: difficulties in the passage.

Step 1. Warming up

Ask some Ss to present their homework.

Step 2. Learning about the language:

Play the tape for students to follow.

Teacher explain some language points in the text on page 19--20.

1.Who benefits from using water in this way?

Benefit…from/ by…

This song reminds me of France.

Remind me to answer the letter.

I reminded her that the book would cost her much.

2. Life in the oceans ranges from the tiniest plankton all the way to giant like sharks and whales.

Range from… to…/ range between …. And…. 意为“从。。。。到。。。不等；在一定的范围内变化”，例如：

Temperatures here range from 10 to 30 degrees centigrade.

Prices range between ￡7 and ￡10.

His interests ranged from chess to canoeing.

3. The two hydrogen atoms form a polar molecule, that is, one with a slightly positive end and one with a slightly negative end.

That is 用作插入8，意为“那就是，即”

My birthday is a week later, that is, March 1st.

John is a New Yorker, that is , he lives in New York.

4. The nutrients in whatever falls into the ocean will quickly become available to other living creatures.

Whatever 引导名词性从句作宾语。

Tell me whatever is troubling you.

She is always succeeds in whatever she tries.

5. Marine animals and plants take advantage of the density of water.

Take advantage of “利用，欺骗”

Taking advantage of his friends, Mr. Li was scolded.

He always takes advantage of mistakes made by others.

Step 3. Practice

Ss finish on page 14 by themselves and then check the answers.

Step 4. Assignment

1. Learn the useful expressions by heart.

2. Finish Ex1 –3 on page 96-97 on WB

3. read the whole passage aloud.

Period 3.

Contents: Grammar; talking and speaking

Step 1. Revision

Check the answers of Ex 1 – 3 on page 96-97.

Step 2. Review Modal Verbs.

1. 情态动词的语法特征

1）情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情，只表示期待或估计某事的发生。

2）情态动词除ought 和have 外，后面只能接不带to 的不定式。

3）情态动词没有人称，数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。

4）情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分词，等形式。

2. 比较can 和be able to

1）can/could 表示能力；可能 （过去时用could）, 只用于现在式和过去式（could）。be able to可以用于各种时态。例如：

They will be able to tell you the news soon. 他很快就能告诉你消息了。

2）只用be able to的情况：

a. 位于助动词后。

b. 情态动词后。

c. 表示过去某时刻动作时。

d. 用于句首表示条件。

e. 表示成功地做了某事时，用was/were able to，不能用could。例如：

He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out. = He managed to flee Europe before the war broke out.

他在战争爆发之前逃离欧洲。

注意：could有时不表示时态

1）提出委婉的请求，（注意在回答中不可用could）。例如：

--- Could I have the television on? 我能看电视吗？

--- Yes, you can. / No, you can't. 可以/不可以。

2）在否定句、疑问句中表示推测或怀疑。例如：

He couldn't be a bad man. 他不大可能是坏人。

3. 比较may和might

1）表示允许或请求；表示没有把握的推测；may 放在句首，表示祝愿。例如：

May God bless you! 愿上帝保佑你！

He might be at home. 他可能在家。

注意：might 表示推测时，不表示时态，只是可能性比may 小。

2）成语：may/might as well，后面接不带to 的不定式，意为”不妨“。例如：

If that is the case, we may as well try.如果情况确实如此，我们不妨试一试。

典型例题

Peter ___come with us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet.

A. must B. may C. can D. will

答案B. 表可能性只能用may。此句意可从后半句推出。

4. 比较have to和must

1）两词都是'必须'的意思，have to 表示客观的需要，must 表示说话人主观上的看法，既主观上的必要。例如：

My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.

弟弟病得很厉害，我只得半夜里把医生请来。（客观上需要做这件事）

He said that they must work hard. 他说他们必须努力工作。（主观上要做这件事）

2）have to有人称、数、时态的变化，而must只有一种形式。但must 可用于间接引语中表示过去的必要或义务。例如：

He had to look after his sister yesterday. 他昨晚只得照顾他姐姐。

3）否定结构中：don't have to表示”不必“，mustn't表示”禁止“。例如：

You don't have to tell him about it. 你不一定要把此事告诉他。

You mustn't tell him about it. 你不得把这件事告诉他。

5. must表示推测

1）must用在肯定句中表示较有把握的推测，意为”一定“。

2）must表对现在的状态或现在正发生的事情的推测时，must 后面通常接系动词be 的原形或行为动词的进行式。例如：

You have worked hard all day. You must be tired. 你辛苦干一整天，一定累了。（对现在情况的推测判断）

He must be working in his office. 他一定在办公室工作呢。

比较：He must be staying there. 他现在肯定在那里。

He must stay there. 他必须呆在那。

3）must 表示对已发生的事情的推测时，must 要接完成式。例如：

I didn't hear the phone. I must have been asleep. 我刚才没有听到电话，我想必是睡着了。4）must表示对过去某时正发生的事情的推测，must 后面要接不定式的完成进行式。例如：

---Why didn't you answer my phone call? 为何不接我的电话？

---Well, I must have been sleeping, so I didn't hear it.唉，肯定在睡觉，所以没有听见。

5）否定推测用can't。例如：

If Tom didn't leave here until five o'clock, he can't be home yet. 如果汤姆五点才离开这儿，他此时一定还未到家。

6. 表示推测的用法

can, could, may, might, must 皆可表示推测，其用法如下：

1）情态动词+动词原形，表示对现在或将来的情况的推测，此时动词通常为系动词。例如：

I don't know where she is, she may be in Wuhan. 我不知道她在哪儿，可能在武汉。

2）情态动词+动词现在进行时，表示对现在或将来正在进行的情况进行推测。例如：

At this moment, our teacher must be correcting our exam papers. 这时，想必我们老师正在批改试卷。

3）情态动词+动词完成时，表示对过去情况的推测。例如：

The road is wet. It must have rained last night. 地是湿的，昨天晚上一定下雨了。

4）情态动词+动词的现在完成进行时，表示对过去正在发生事情的推测。例如：

Your mother must have been looking for you. 你妈妈一定一直在找你。

5）推测的否定形式，疑问形式用can't, couldn't表示。例如：

Mike can't have found his car, for he came to work by bus this morning.

迈克一定还没有找回他的车，因为早上他是坐公共汽车来上班的。

注意：could, might表示推测时不表示时态，其推测的程度不如can, may。

7. 情态动词+ have +过去分词

1）may（might） have + done sth, can （could） have + done sth 表示过去，推测过去时间里可能发生的事情。例如：

Philip may （might） have been hurt seriously in the car accident. 菲力浦可能在车祸中受了重伤。

Philip can （could） have been hurt seriously in the car accident.

2）must have +done sth，对过去时间里可能发生的事情的推测，语气较强，具有”肯定“，”谅必“的意思。例如：

---Linda has gone to work, but her bicycle is still here. 琳达已经去上班了，但她的单车还在这儿。

---She must have gone by bus.肯定乘巴士去的。

3）ought to have done sth, should have done sth表示本应该做某事，而事实上并没有做。否定句表示”不该做某事而做了“。例如：

You ought to （should） have been more careful in this experiment. 你当时在做试验时应该更仔细点。

He ought not to have thrown the old clothes away.他不该把旧衣服扔了。（事实上已扔了。）

ought to 在语气上比should 要强。

4）needn't have done sth表示本没必要做某事，但做了。例如：

I dressed very warmly for the trip, but I needn't have done so. The weather was hot.

旅行时，我衣服穿得较多，其实没有必要。那时天很热。

5）would like to have done sth表示本打算做某事，但没做。例如：

I would like to have read the article, but I was very busy then. 我想读这篇文章，但太忙了一直没读。

8. should 和ought to

除了上述的用法，两者还可表示”想必一定，按理应该“的意思。例如：

I ought to be able to live on my salary. 靠我的薪水，想必也能维持了。

It ought to be ready now. 想必现在准备好了吧。

They should be there by now, I think. 现在他们该到那儿了。

The poems should be out in a month at most. 诗集估计最多还有一个月就要出版了。

9. had better表示”最好“，相当于一个助动词，它只有一种形式，它后面要跟动词原形。例如：

It is pretty cold. You'd better put on my coat. 天相当冷。你最好穿上我的外套。

She'd better not play with the dog. 她最好不要玩耍那条狗。

had better have done sth表示与事实相反的结果，意为”本来最好“。例如：

You had better have come earlier. 你本该来得早一点。

10. would rather表示”宁愿“

would rather do

would rather not do

would rather… than… 宁愿…而不愿。

还有would sooner, had rather, had sooner都表示”宁愿“、”宁可“的意思。例如：

If I have a choice, I had sooner not continue my studies at this school. 如果有选择的余地，我宁可辍学离开这个学校。

I would rather stay here than go home. = I would stay here rather than go home. 我宁愿呆在这儿，而不愿回家。

典型例题

----Shall we go skating or stay at home?

----Which ___ do?

A. do you rather B. would you rather C. will you rather D. should you rather

答案B。本题考查情态动词rather的用法，would rather +do sth 意为”宁愿“，本题为疑问句，would 提前，所以选B。

11. will和would

注意：1）would like；would like to do = want to 想要，为固定搭配。例如：

Would you like to go with me? 想和我一块去吗？

2）Will you…? Would you like…? 表示肯定含义的请求劝说时，疑问句中一般

用some, 而不是any。例如：

Would you like some cake? 吃点蛋糕吧。

3）否定结构中用will，一般不用would, won't you是一种委婉语气。

Won't you sit down? 你不坐下吗？

12. 情态动词的回答方式

问句 肯定回答 否定回答

Need you…? Yes, I must. No, I needn't

Must you…? No, I don't have to.

典型例题

1）---Could I borrow your dictionary?

---Yes, of course, you____.

A. might B. will C. can D. should

答案C. could表示委婉的语气，并不为时态。答语中of course，表示肯定的语气，允许某人做某事时，用can和 may来表达，不能用could或might。will 与you连用，用来提出要求或下命令。should与you 连用，用来提出劝告。

2）---Shall I tell John about it?

---No, you ___. I've told him already.

A. needn't B. wouldn't C. mustn't D. shouldn't

答案A。needn't 不必，不用。 wouldn't 将不, 不会的。 mustn't 禁止、不能。 shouldn't 不应该。本题为不需要，不必的意思，应用needn't。

3）---Don't forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow.

---______.

A. I don't B. I won't C. I can't D. I haven't

答案B. will既可当作情态动词，表请求、建议、也可作为实义动词表”意愿、意志、决心“，本题表示决心，选B。

13. 带to 的情态动词

带to 的情态动词有四个：ought to, have to, used to, be to, 如加上have got to （=must）, be able to，为六个。它们的疑问、否定形式应予以注意：

Do they have to pay their bill before the end of the month?

She didn't use to play tennis before she was fourteen.

You ought not to have told her all about it.

Ought he to see a heart specialist at once.?

ought to 本身作为情态动词使用。其他的词作为实义动词使用，变疑问，否定时，须有do 等助动词协助。

典型例题

Tom ought not to ___ me your secret, but he meant no harm.

A. have told B. tell C. be telling D. having told

答案A。由于后句为过去时，告诉秘密的动作又发生在其前因，此地应用过去完成时，但它在情态动词 ought to 后，所以用have told。

14. 比较need和dare

这两词既可做实义动词用，又可做情态动词用。作为情态动词，两者都只能用于疑问句，否定句和条件句。need 作实义动词时后面的不定式必须带to，而dare作实义动词用时, 后面的to 时常可以被省略。

1）实义动词：need（需要, 要求） need + n. / to do sth

2）情态动词：need，只用原形need后加do，否定形式为need not。例如：

Need you go yet? 你要走了吗？

Yes, I must. / No, I needn't.是的，我要走了/不，不急着走。

2. Ss do the grammar ex. On p21-22 to see if they can use the modal verbs correctly.

3. More exercises to consolidate the Grammar.

.EX1-2 on page 98-99 of WB.

Step 3. Talking

1. Ss four in one group and have a discussion about the topics on page 96.

2. Ss make notes during the discussion, and try to report the topic to the whole class.

Step 4. Speaking

Learn how to make suggestions and how to express opinions.

The water is being used to /for….

We should/ could….

If we …, we can ….

It would be better to …

5. Assignment

Writing on page 94.

Period 4.

Contents: Integrating skills:

Step 1. Warming up

Ask Ss to scan the passage and raise some questions:

Explain some difficulties if necessary:

Step 2. Reading

1. Ss read the passage :

2. Help Ss to understand the passage entirely.

Step 3. Writing

Finish the writing task on p 24.

You can give Ss some strategies for writing a short essay, or give them an outline if necessary.

Period 5.

(Listening)

Step 1. Listening

1. Ss finish the listening task on page 18.

2. Ss listen to the tape again and check the answers.

Step 2. dealing with the Ex 1-4 on p 95 of Workbook.

Step 3. Listening skills

Give the students some tips on how to improve listening while checking the Ex.

a. make notes while listening;

b. grasp the most important information;

c. take some notes while listening.

Step 4. listen and reading:

First listen and then read the passage on p99.

Period 6.

Revision:

Go over the important points in this unit once again, and give Ss some additional reading materials if possible.

Period 7.

Teachers can use this period freely.

Suggestion: Teachers can use this period to let Ss sum up what they have learned and explain what Ss couldn’t understand very well in this unit. Teachers can also add more practice in this period to consolidate what the Ss have learned. Finally, ask the Ss to finish Assessing on page 101. It is very important to improve their learning and let them have a sense of achieving gradually.

篇6：高二19单元教案(人教版高二英语下册教案教学设计)

I．单元教学目标

技能目标 Skill Goals

Talk about Shakespeare and his plays

Learn to recount detail in conversation

Review Direct and Indirect Speech

Rite a short play

II. 目标语言

功能句式

Stating one’s views

Correct me if I’m wrong, but…

One of the most important facts is…

As far as I know…

You shouldn’t forget that…

You could, for example, …

After all,…

What shouldn’t be forgotten is…

The way I would go about it…

But in this particular case…

词汇

1. 四会词汇

merchant, crown, deny, mercy, enemy, reasonable, weakness, judgement, gentleman, greeting, envy, troublesome, requirement, declare, merciful, bless, legal, deed, surgeon, court, justice, therefore, kindness, punish, punishment, order, sword, complex

2. 认读词汇

Venice, Hamlet, Romeo, Juliet, Troilus, Cressida, uneasy, Bassanio, Antonio, Portia, Shylock, duke, masterpiece, revenge, ducat, fate, scale, Bellario, tragedy

3. 词组

pay back, have mercy on, go about, as far as I know, tear up, at the mercy of, go down on one’s knees

4. 重点词汇

merchant, mercy, accuse, declare, fortune, bargain, worthy, consequence

结构

Review Direct and Indirect Speech

重点句子

You might as well go stand upon the beach and argue with the sea.

If you offered me six times what you have just offered, I would still take my pound of flesh.

Shylock, how can you hope for mercy for yourself when you show none? P67

To do a great right, do a little wrong and in that way we can save Antonio. P68

If Shylock cuts deep enough, I’ll pay him back with all my heart. 68

All he wanted was justice. P71

The 1st period Speaking

Step 1 Revision

Check the homework

1. Check the students’ writing.

2. check if the students have found some information about Shakespeare.

Step 2 Warming up

Get the students to work together to talk about the quotations, the pictures and the plays of Shakespeare.

No 1 comes from Hamlet and its meaning is being terribly upset and undecided.

No2 comes from King Henry Ⅳ and its meaning is that a person who has great responsibility, such as a king, is constantly worried and therefore doesn’t sleep soundly.

No 3 comes from Hamlet. It means that it’s best not to lend money to other people and not to borrow from other people.

No 4 comes from Romeo and Juliet and its meaning is why my lover Romeo is from a family that has a long feud (世仇，不和) with mine.

No 5 comes from Troilus &Cressida and its meaning is empty words, not real thoughts or ideas from the heart.

Step 3 Speaking

Encourage students to discuss the two situations using the useful expressions

Step 4 talking (on P138)

Get the students to talk about the picture, and then do the two tasks according to the instruction.

After some practice, the teacher can ask some pairs to act their play out in front of the whole calss.

Step 4 Homework

Learn the new words by heart.

The 2nd Period Listening

Step 1 Revision

Ask some pairs to act out their play

Step 2 Listening

Listen to the tape and do Part 1 and 2

Students are asked to read fast the questions and then listen to the tape twice to answer the questions.

Step 3 Listening (2) (wb P137)

Step 4 Homework.

Listen to the materials again after class.

Preview the reading.

The 3rd Period Reading

Step 1 Lead-in

Task: Ask students to retell the main characters of the Merchant of Venice and their relationship according to the listening part.

Step 2 Pre-reading

Talk about the picture to arouse the students’ interest in reading the play.

Step 3 while-reading

Get students to analyze the characters, finding out some details and explaining the deeper meaning of some puns and symbols.

Deal with some language points if possible:

1. You might as well go stand upon the beach and argue with the sea. P67

2. if you offered me six times what you have just offered

3. Shylock, how can you hope for mercy for yourself when you show me none?

Step 4 Post-reading:

Listen to the tape and then finish the post-reading Ex on p44-45.

Step 4 Homework

Preparations: Language Study on p 69 and Vocabulary on P139-140.

The 4th Period Grammar

Step 1 Revision

Check the homework.

Step 2 Word Study and vocabulary

Check the answers orally.

Step 3 Grammar

Revise the Direct and Indirect Speech.

Step 4 Homework

Review the rules of the Direct and Indirect Speech; Read the passage on P71-72.

The 5th Period Extensive reading

Step 1

Check the homework

Step 2 Listening and Fast reading

Step 5 reading

P142 Extensive reading.

Go through the questions on P142, and listen to the tape and answer the questions

Step 6 Homework

Review what we’ve learned in this period and prepare for the writing task.

The 6th Period Writing

Step 1 revision

Step 2 Pre-writing

How to write a short play:

Read about Romeo and Juliet on P142-143.

Step 3 Writing (1)

Write a short passage about Romeo & Juliet.

Read some sample essays and give comments on them.

Step 4 Homework

Check Your writings with the other groups.

篇7：高二18单元教案(人教版高二英语下册教案教学设计)

I．单元教学目标

技能目标 Skill Goals

Talk about inventions

Practice describing inventions

Review the Attributive Clause

Write a process essay

II. 目标语言

功能句式

Ways of describing inventions

This invention can help people…

This is a new way of…

This new invention will make it possible for people to…

I think… is much more useful than…

It can make / help people…

I’d like to invent… because it can…

I’d like to invent… which can…

If people can create…

I suppose…

It must be very convenient if people could invent…

I dreamed I could invent…

Ways of asking questions about new inventions

What does it look like?

How does it work?

What’s it made of?

How would people use it?

Is there anything you would like to invent?

词汇

1. 四会词汇

vest, heel, patent, officer, petrol, background, reject, possibility, otherwise, connection, previous, aware, trial, rider, dusty, pilot, storage, glue, typewriter

2. 认读词汇

edible, flavour, laptop, inflatable, creative, rephrase, partial, perception, visible, Mozart, relativity, Samuel Morse, desktop, palmtop, Mona Lisa, Charles Chaplin, John Denver, Isaac Newton, Abraham Lincoln, Eve, Helen Keller, metaphor, paste, electronics, Eniac

3. 词组

allow for, get stuck, break away from, be aware of, trial and error, after all, keep track of

4. 重点词汇

vest, office, background, reject, possibility, otherwise, aware, allow for, get stuck, break away from, be aware of, after all, keep track of

语法

Review the Attributive Clause

1. a car that / which uses water instead of petrol

2. thinkers who have changed the world

3. a chip that / which makes it possible for us to see the future

4. a smart pen that / which automatically translates what we write into a foreign language

重点句子

1. These chopsticks are both delicious and environmentally friendly. P57

2. Creativity is not about getting high test scores, having a high IQ or being smart. P59

3. If we look only for the correct answer and reject ideas that do not pro vide a complete answer,

we may get stusk.. P59

4. As with thinking outside the box, the process includes a series of different attempts and several

false starts. Each new way of looking at a situation improves our understanding and makes it

easier to discover new possibilities. P59

The 1st period Speaking

Step 1 Warming up

Give the students introductions of the three inventions from the textbook.

Step 2 Pre-speaking

Of all the 4 inventions, which do you think would be useful, why?

Use the following patterns to guide them:

I think… this invention can help people….

I think… is much more useful then …which we use now.

Some possible expressions:

I’d like to invent a ….

It can help people….

It must be very convenient if people could invent….

I dreamed I could invent….

Step 3 Speaking

Let the students read the passage and make them understand what they should do. To explain how the invention works and why it is useful.

Ask 5 groups to act their dialogue out in front of class.

Step 4 Summary

Ways of describing inventions:

This invention can help people …

This is a new way of…

This new invention will make it possible for people to…

I think … is much more useful than…

I can help/ make people…

I’d like to invent… because it can ,,,,

I’d like to invent… which can….

If people can create… I suppose…

It must be very convenient if people could invent…

I dreamed I could invent…

Ways of asking questions about new inventions:

What does it look like?

How does it work?

What’s it made of?

How would people use it?

Is there anything you would like to invent?

Step 4 Homework

1. Talking at p131

2. Write a short passage with the title “My ideal new invention”.

The 2nd Period Listening

Step 1 Revision

Check the homework, asking the students to come to the front to read out his or her essay outindividually.

Step 2 Listening

Dialogue 1& 2 on p58

Students are asked to read fast the questions and then listen to the tape twice to answer the questions.

Step 3 Discussion:

Think of some examples of new inventions that people were afraid of or can’t accept at first.

Step 4 Homework.

Listening (wb P130)

Preview the reading.

The 3rd Period Reading

Step 1 Revision

Check the homework and then ask if they have some ideas of inventing some useful things to improve our life.

Step 2 Pre-reading

Do the ex on p59

Step 3 while-reading

Main idea of each para:

Para 1. By thinking about the way we think and practicing good thinking strategies, we can become more creative.

Para 2. To “ think outside the box” is to try new ways to solve a problem.

Para 3. Good solutions and new ideas are often the result of a change in perception.

Para 4. Every new thought or idea has to be connected to what we already know.

Para 5. Good ideas are the result of a long process of trial and error.

Step 4 Language focuses:

Deal with some language points if possible:

Trial-try

Application-apply

Produce-production

Inspiration-inspire

Fail-failure

Deep-depth

Possible-possibility

Connect-connection

Awareness-aware

Step 5 Post-reading:

Listen to the tape and then finish the post-reading Ex on p60.

Step 4 Homework

Find out some sentences with the Attributive Clause.

Preparations: Language Study on p 61.

The 4th Period Grammar

Step 1 Revision

Dictate some phrases and sentences:

Be tired of, break away from, allow for, get stuck

Partial solutions, and even failures, give us more information and clues that help us move forwards a better solution.

By looking at a problem in as many as possible, creative thinkers can find solutions that would otherwise remain invisible.

Step 2 Grammar

Do some exercises about the Attributive Clause:

Step 3 Practice:

Finish the exercises on P61, checking the answers orally.

Step 4 Homework

Ex 2&3 on p133

Go over the reading on p133

The 5th Period Extensive reading

Step 1

Check the homework (Ex2&3 on p133)

Step 2 Listening and Fast reading

Play the tape and ask students to listen to the tape and complete the following chart:

Invention Possible uses

Invisible paint 1.________; 2.________

Step 3 Intensive reading

Read for the second time, and then answer the questions:

Then deal with some language points if necessary.

Step 6 Homework

Review what we’ve learned in this period and preview the Reading and Writing on p62.

The 6th Period Writing

Step 1 revision

Step 2 Pre-writing

Ask the students to read the text All in the Mind: Scientific Metaphors? And then finish the chart on the below.

Step 3 Writing

Try to write an essay using the information given on P64.

Read some sample essays and give comments on them.

Step 4 Homework

To summarize what we’ve learnt in this unit.

Read the Strategies given on P64 to see if you can use these tips to improve your English-learning.

篇8：unit 11 reading(人教版高二英语下册教案教学设计)

Step I Greetings

Step II Lead-in

Step III Pre-reading

Work in pairs or groups and discuss the following questions:

1. If you wanted to do research or start a hi-tech company, what kind of support and environment would you need?

A person who wants to do research or start a hi-tech company may need the following: money, schools, libraries, scientists and experts, ideas, inspiration, etc.

2. Why are scientific achievements important?

Because they help people understand the world better / improve our life / help advance science / lead to new discoveries and achievements, etc.

3. Why do scientists spend so much time trying to achieve something?

Because they are curious and enthusiastic about new things and new ideas / they want to understand the world better / they want to contribute to society / they want to be famous.

Step IV Reading

Fast-reading:

Say True or False to the following sentences.

1. Zhongguancun is located in the southwest of Beijing. (F)

2. Zhongguancun was set up in the nineteenth century. (F)

3. Xiang Yufang didn’t want to return to China because he wanted to work with the top scientists in his field. (F)

4. Later his friends persuaded him to come back . (F)

5. Zhongguancun has a positive effect on business. (T)

Read the text again and find out the main idea of each part:

Part 1 (para 1--- 2):

General introdution of Zhongguancun

Part2 (para 3--- 7):

Why Zhongguancun attracts more and more overseas Chinese

Part3 (para 8 --- 9):

The positive effect Zhongguancun has had on both business and science; the spirit of Zhonguancun

Step V Post-reading

Careful-reading:

Choose the best answer.

1. According to the author, Zhongguancun is home to ___A___.

A. some famous research institutes and universities

B. every Chinese

C. all of the graduates

D. all private research institutes

2. The science park got started __B__.

A. in the late 1990s B. in the early1980s

C. in the early 1990s D. in the late 1980s

3. What is NOT true about Zhongguancun ? (D)

A. It is located in Haidian District, in northwestern Beijing.

B. It was set up as a special economic zone in the 1990s.

C. Most of its companies are doing IT business.

D. It is not a good place for new companies.

4. According to the reading, Xiang Yufang returned to China and opened

a company in Zhongguancun because ___D____.

A. he wanted to see more of the world

B. he enjoyed working with the best scientists in his field

C. he felt really comfortable

D. he could enjoy his work and contribute to his country at the same

time

5. According to the graph in the passage, how many of the people who work in Zhongguancun have a master’s degree or above? (B)

A. 25,000 B.30,000

C. 35,000 D.180,000

6. Today there are ___C___ IT companies in Zhongguancun.

A. more than 8,000 B. less than 8,000

C. more than 4,000 D. less than 4,000

Work in pairs or groups. Zhong guancun is sometimes called “China’s Silicon Valley”. Use a library or the Internet to find out more about Silicon Valley in the Us and then compare the two areas. In which ways are they similar or different?

Answers on P 19.

Step VI Homework

Preview the language points in the text.

篇9：高二16-20单元复习教案(人教版高二英语下册教案教学设计)

I．各单元教学目标

Unit16：技能目标 Skill Goals

Talk about the USA

Practise describing places

Review Nonfinite Verbs (2)

Write a comparison essay

Unit 17: 技能目标 Skill Goals

Talk about disability

Practice talking about ability and inability

Review Direct and Indirect objects

Write an argumentative essay

Unit 18: 技能目标 Skill Goals

Talk about inventions

Practice describing inventions

Review the Attributive Clause

Write a process essay

Unit 19: 技能目标 Skill Goals

Talk about Shakespeare and his plays

Learn to recount detail in conversation

Review Direct and Indirect Speech

Rite a short play

Unit 20: 技能目标 Skill Goals

Talk about archaeological discoveries

Express curiosity

Review the use of “it”

Create a flow chart

2．各单元功能句式：

Unit16：What does… look like?

It is known as…

What does the landscape look like?

It looks like…

Are there any hills / rivers…?

Yes. There is… in the north.

How long / wide / high / tall is the…?

It’s… meters / feet long / wide / high / tall.

Unit17：Talking about ability and inability

I probably couldn’t…

I would not be able to…

It would be difficult to…

I’m sure I would be able to…

I could…

I would try to…

If I… I would be able to…

I would need help to…

I would need a/ an…

Unit 18: Ways of describing inventions

This invention can help people…

This is a new way of…

This new invention will make it possible for people to…

I think… is much more useful than…

It can make / help people…

I’d like to invent… because it can…

I’d like to invent… which can…

If people can create…

I suppose…

It must be very convenient if people could invent…

I dreamed I could invent…

Ways of asking questions about new inventions

What does it look like?

How does it work?

What’s it made of?

How would people use it?

Is there anything you would like to invent?

Unit 19: Stating one’s views

Correct me if I’m wrong, but…

One of the most important facts is…

As far as I know…

You shouldn’t forget that…

You could, for example, …

After all,…

What shouldn’t be forgotten is…

The way I would go about it…

But in this particular case…

Unit 20: I wonder what / who…

I’m curious to…

I wonder if / whether…

I’m curious about…

I really want to know…

I’d love to know…

What I’d really like to find out is…

I’d like to know more about…

3．各单元语法要点：

Unit16

非谓语动词的被动式

1. to be done 表示不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式动作的承受者。

2. being done 表示一个被动的动作正在进行或与谓语动词的发生。

e.g. That building being repaired is our library.

e.g. I don’t mind his being invited.

Unit 17

Direct and Indirect objects

Unit 18:

the Attributive Clause

1. a car that / which uses water instead of petrol

2. thinkers who have changed the world

3. a chip that / which makes it possible for us to see the future

4. a smart pen that / which automatically translates what we write into a foreign language

Unit 19:

Direct and Indirect Speech

Unit 20

The use of “it”

4． 各单元重点句子：

Unit 16:

1. Ever since the Civil War, the South has struggled to find ways to deal with its troubled past. P43

2. Ever today, the South is far behind the rest of the United States in areas such as education and economic development. P43

3. There are signs that a new, different South is coming out of its dark past. P43

4. Atlanta quickly recovered from the destruction caused by the Civil War. P43

5. It was also in Atlanta that one of the great leaders of the Civil Rights Movement, Dr Martin Luther King, Jr, was born. P44

6. The injustices in the city and in the South led Dr King to organize non-violent demonstrations aimed at ending segregation. P44

7. Atlanta is representative of the new South, a place where hope and faith have replaced fear and doubt. P44

8. The South still has many problems to deal with, but the people there are determined to make a new beginning. P44

Unit 17

1. The Beijing Union University has launched a special education college where gifted disabled students receive the help they need to succeed. P51

2. She uses a wheelchair to get around and it often takes her a little longer to do everyday things, such as getting out of bed, getting dressed and going to class. P51

3. They not only lean how to assist disabled people, but also learn the importance of cooperating to reach their goals in life. P52

4. The articles in the magazine are often about disabled people who have overcome difficulties and learnt to live a meaningful and productive life. P52

5. By preparing for and participating in the Special Olympics, mentally disabled children and adults can develop their ability to move, improve their health and gain greater self-confidence.p55

Unit 18:

1. These chopsticks are both delicious and environmentally friendly. P57

2. Creativity is not about getting high test scores, having a high IQ or being smart. P59

3. If we look only for the correct answer and reject ideas that do not pro vide a complete answer, we may get stuck.. P59

4. As with thinking outside the box, the process includes a series of different attempts and several false starts. Each new way of looking at a situation improves our understanding and makes it easier to discover new possibilities. P59

Unit 19:

You might as well go stand upon the beach and argue with the sea.

If you offered me six times what you have just offered, I would still take my pound of flesh.

Shylock, how can you hope for mercy for yourself when you show none? P67

To do a great right, do a little wrong and in that way we can save Antonio. P68

If Shylock cuts deep enough, I’ll pay him back with all my heart. 68

All he wanted was justice. P71

Unit 20:

Buried with him were the tools of a hunter or warrior.

Next to them lay a cushion stone, upon which the man could work metal.

Only a few centimeters from his head were two pots made of clay…

It was all that a person would need to survive…

It is not yet known how these conveyed over a distance of 380 km.

It is also a mystery how early man was able to construct Stonehenge….

It is possible that the King of Stonehenge was linked to the stones: he may have had a hand in planning the monument, or in helping transport and pull up the stones.

At first it was thought that it was though war and armed conflict, but it is now believed to have happened through trade and cultural links.

It has been proved that the copper knives came from places as distant as Spain and western France

难句

Some of the objects found in the grave give us an idea of how he was found when he was buried.

There was a bone pin that may have been from a piece of clothing such as a leather coat.

He was buried three miles from Stonehenge at the time when the great stones were being brought to Salisbury to build it.

篇10：unit 11 语言点教案(人教版高二英语下册教案教学设计)

Reading:

1. in store（1）in store 就要到来，必将发生

Who knows what the future has in store for us? 谁知道我们将来注定如何？

（2）in store 也有储存着，备用的意思 eg:

The runner kept some energy in store for spurting at the end. 那赛跑的人为最后冲刺贮存精力。

2 probable, maybe, likely, possible, perhaps的区别？

（1）三者均表可能性，但意思有别。possible指客观上有可能性，但往往含有希望很小的意味；probable可能性最大，有“较为可能、大概”，指有实际依据；likely是从外表迹象判断有可能发生的事，比较主观。

It’s possible, though not probable, that he will come tomorrow. 他明天可能来，但也不一定准来。

She is likely to ring me tonight. 今晚她很可能给我来电话。

（2）possible 不能用人作主语。possible 常用于下列句型：

It is possible to do sth. It is possible for sb. to do sth. It is possible that …

eg: Is it possible to say so?可能这样说吗？ It is possible for me to do it. 我可能做那件事。

（3）probable 也不能用人作主语。一般只用于下面句型中：

It is probable that … eg: It is probable that he will come. 他很可能要来。

（4）likely 既可用人作主语，也可用物作主语。通可用于“It is likely that …”句型中。 eg:

He is likely to come. = It is likely that he will come.

他可能要来。但不能说：It is likely for him to come.

（5）impossible, improbable, unlikely 用法与上述类似。

其中maybe perhaps是副词

3 It’s home to ： home: n. “ 所在地,大本营, 根据地, 发源地”.

It is home to… ……之家;……的生息地；……发源地

丛林是老虎的生息地。The jungle is home to tigers.

It’s the home of 也可以

4 grasp: v 1)抓住；紧握

I grasped the cat by the back of its neck.我抓住了猫的后脖颈。grasp sb. by the arm

2)（与at连用）急切地接受

3)领会；明白to grasp sb.'s meaning懂某人的意思

Grasp all, lose all. 谚）样样都要，全数失掉．

n. 1)抓，紧握I kept her hand in my grasp.我紧握她的手。

2)（能力所及的）范围，限度Success is within his grasp.成功垂手可得。

3)（与of连用）控制力；控制to be in the grasp of an enemy在敌人的控制之下

4)了解；明白；掌握to have a thorough grasp of a subject对某一题目有深刻的了解。

5短语：beyond/within a person’s grasp 为某人所不能/能抓到的；为某人所不能/能理解的。

catch, grasp, seize 与snatch

catch是普通用语，用“设法抓住，捉住”的意思； grasp表示牢牢地“抓住”；seize指“突然用力抓住使不逃脱”；snatch 表示迅速的拉扯动作、出其不意地“抓取”。 eg:

The police caught the thief as he ran. 小偷逃跑时被警察抓住了。

He grasped his gun and rushed out. 他抓起枪就冲了出去。

He seized the gun from the enemy soldier. 他从敌人士兵手中夺过了枪。

The thief snatched her handbag and ran off. 小偷抢走了她的手提包就跑了。

5 master: vt. , vi (1) vt. ①become the master of; overcome 成为……的主人；征服；控制

eg: master one’s temper/feelings 控制脾气/感情

It’s difficult to master nature. 征服大自然是困难的。

②gain as a skill 精通；熟练 eg:

master English 精通英语 master foreign affairs 精通外交事务

He never mastered the art of the public speaking. 他从未掌握当众演讲的艺术。

(2)n. ①man who has others working for him 主人，雇主

②male head of a household 家里的男主人

③大师；名家

④male teacher 男教师 eg: the master of the house 一家之长 the maths master 数学教师

5)硕士a master’s degree 硕士学位 a master’s degree 硕士学位 a doctor’s degree 博士学位 a bachelor’s degree 学士学位

又如：Master of Arts 文学硕士 Doctor of Law 法学博士 Bachelor of Science 理学学士

6 arrange:v.

(1)put in order 安排；排列；布置 eg:

She is good at arranging flowers. 她擅长插花。

Before going away, he arranged his business affairs. 他离开之前，他把业务都安排好了。

(2)make plans in advance 预做计划 eg:

The Tourist Bureau arranged everything for our journey to Rome. 旅游局为我们去罗马的旅行准备了一切。

(3)arrange+ n. +for +n. 为……安排…… eg:

Mother arranged an appointment for me with the dentist. 母亲替我向牙医预约挂号。

(4)arrange sb. to do … 安排某人做…… eg:

I have arranged him to met her. 我安排他和她见面。

(5)arrange with sb. to do … 约定与某人做…… eg:

We arranged with his team to play a game of baseball. 我们约好和他们队打一场棒球。

(6)arrange that … 商定，安排。 eg:

He arranged that the meeting (should) be put off for a week. = He arranged for the meeting to be put off for a week. 他安排把会议延后一周召开。

7 set foot in/ on: 进入；踏上She said she wouldn’t set foot in the room until it had been properly cleaned. 她说直到这屋子收拾好了她才住进去。

No man has ever set foot on that deserted island. 没有人曾光顾过那个荒芜的岛。

on (one's) feet:

1)Standing up:站立着：Rise to one’s foot

The crowd was on its feet for the last ten seconds.人群都站立着渡过了最后的十秒钟

2)Fully recovered, as after an illness or convalescence:

康复：疾病或渐愈之后完全康复：

The patient is on her feet again.病人复原了

set up开办建立 /set aside搁置 /set out出门/set off出发/set down放下 /set about着手

8 base sth. in/at 把．．．设在 base sth. on/upon 以．．．为基础

base n.底部, 根据地, 基地, 本部, 基础（物体基础）

That company has offices all over the world, but their base is in Paris.

这个公司的办事处遍布全世界，但本部在巴黎。

那家银行的总部设在伦敦 That bank’s head office is based in London.

vt.：形成…的基础，提供…的基础：

based the new company in Portland.在波特兰设立公司

2）To find a basis for; establish:以…为基础：发现…的基础；建立，创立：（与on, upon连用）根据；基于

One should always base one\'s opinions on facts. 意见应以事实为根据。

这个故事是以事实为基础的. This story is based on facts.

based her conclusions on the report; a film based on a best-selling novel.

根据报告作为她的结论；一部以畅销小说为题材的影片

Advertisements based on these facts have been printed in newspapers and magazines but have not helped much.根据这些情况拟定的广告词登载在报纸和杂志上,但是效果不大。

Basis:1)基础（非物质方面）；根据What is the basis of your opinion?你的观点的根据是什么？

2)主要部分The basis of this drink is orange juice.这种饮料的主要成分是橘子汁。

A tall building must have a very wide and stable base.

The basis of friendship is mutual trust and respect.

9 effect: n. 1)have a good/positive/negative/immediate effect on sb./sth.

2) in effect (A)实质上；本质上：He is, in effect, my rival.实际上他是我的竞争对手。

(B)正在实行The old system is still in effect.旧制度仍有效。

3)bring sth into effect : bring a new law into effect

4)come into effect : The new law will come into effect.

5)take effect: The medicine quickly took effect. 药很快见效了

6)side effect: Does this drug have any side effects?

Affect: v.

10. rely on／upon sb./ sth.: =depend on 指望或依靠某人/某事物

现今人们越来越依靠计算机协助工作.Nowadays we rely increasingly on computers for help.

rely on one’s doing/rely sb. to do sth. rely on it that…

我指望她来还钱I rely on her paying back the money.(=I rely on her to pay back the money.)

你可以相信他会来看你的You may rely on it that he will come to meet you.

11 As Yufang puts(=say) it: “We are not making that(=so) much money yet, but we are excited about all the new technology and great ideas that are coming to life in Zhongguancun.”

as sb. puts it…正如某人所说．．．put vt. 表达，表述

我想知道这个用法语怎么说. I want to know how to put this in French.

come to life: 苏醒；恢复生气 eg:

We all thought he was drowned, but after an hour’s artificial respiration he came back to life. 我们都以为他淹死了，但经过一小时的人工呼吸后，他又苏醒了。

When I told the students the good news, they all came to life. 当我告诉学生们这个好消息时，他们都活跃起来了。

Integrating skills

1. Since the early 1990s, China has been enjoying a boom in scientific and technological development.

a) boom: (人口,贸易等的)突然增加,繁荣昌盛时期,

石油市场欣欣向荣 The oil market is enjoying a boom.

中国的出口发展迅速.The year is a boom year for China’s exports.

b) boom: V. “处于经济快速发展时期”商业正在迅速发展. Business is booming.

2. In 1995, the Chinese government put forward a plan for “rejuvenating the nation by replying on science and education.

1) rejuvenate: v. “使年轻;使复原; 是恢复精神;使恢复活力”

新的希望又使他充满活力. He is rejuvenated by new hope.

我度假之后感到有了精神. I feel rejuvenated after a holiday.

rejuvenate 一般用于被动语态.

3. put forward 提出主意,计划她提出一个新计划 She put forward a new plan.

4. The CSA, the Chinese Space Agency, has developed the highly successful Long March rocket series.

1) series 一系列的事物

他们决定出版一套新的英语学习读物.

They decided to publish a new series of reading materials for students of English.

2)电视系列节目, 电视连续剧

3) 一套邮票

5. ., Chinese scientists announced that they had completed mapping out their part of the international human genome project, proving that Chinese scientists are among the world’s best.

announce vt.宣布, 通告announcement n.宣告, 发表, 一项公告, 一项私人告示

It has been announce d that Mr. A and Miss B will be married next week.

已正式宣布A先生与B小姐将于下星期结婚。

declare1）正式地公告；布告；宣告；声明

to declare war 宣战

to declare the result of election 公布选举结果

2）申报（例如，可纳税品）Have you anything to declare?你有要申报纳税的物品吗？

proving that Chinese scientists are among the world’s best.: 现在分词作状语, 表示伴随或结果

杰克离开了房间, 把他妻子孤零零留在那里 Jack left the room, leaving his wife there alone.

他没有和她争辩,知道争辩也没用. He didn’t argue wither, knowing it would be useless.

总的来说,现在分词作状语,主要用在书面语中,在口语重视用其他结构更多些.

6.China has long been a leader in the field of genetic research aimed at improving agriculture.

Aim: to intend:

1)aim to do: I aim to be a millionaire by the time I'm 35.

2)We are aiming for (= planning to achieve) a 50% share of the German market.

3)aim at ①瞄准,对准你瞄的不准.

②(向某方面)努力;力争她争取获得奖学金She’s aiming at a scholar ship.

③针对某人我的话并非针对你 My remarks were not aimed at you.

7 deadly: adj.1)致命的

Fog is the sailor's deadly enemy.雾是航海者最致命的敌人。

2)势不两立的， 殊死的

3)极度的，非常的deadly haste至急

4)死一般的a dead paleness如死人般的苍白

Adv.极度地；非常地deadly dull极为枯燥无味

Unit 11知识清单

1. in store _____________;__________

Who knows what the future has in store for us?

The runner kept some energy in store for spurting at the end.

2 probable, maybe, likely, possible, perhaps的区别？

（1）三者均表可能性，但意思有别。possible指客观上有可能性，但往往含有希望很小的意味；另外，不能用人作主语。probable可能性最大，有“较为可能、大概”，指有实际依据；likely是从外表迹象判断有可能发生的事，比较主观。 possible 常见句型：It is possible to do sth. It is possible for sb. to do sth. It is possible that …

eg: Is it possible to say so?可能这样说吗？ It is possible for me to do it. 我可能做那件事。

It’s ________, though not ________, that he will come tomorrow. 他明天可能来，但也不一定准来。

She is _________ to ring me tonight. 今晚她很可能给我来电话。

2）probable 也不能用人作主语。一般只用于下面句型中：

It is probable that … eg: It is probable that he will come. 他很可能要来。

3）likely 既可用人作主语，也可用物作主语。通可用于“It is likely that …”句型中。 eg:

He is likely to come. = It is likely that he will come.

他可能要来。但不能说：It is likely for him to come.

（5）impossible, improbable, unlikely 用法与上述类似。

其中maybe perhaps是副词

3 It’s home to ： home: n. “ _________ _________ ”.

The jungle is home to tigers.（也可以说：It’s the home of）

4 grasp: v 1)___________ grasp sb. by the arm

I grasped the cat by the back of its neck.

2)（与at连用）急切地接受

3)___________ to grasp sb.'s meaning

Grasp all, lose all. 谚）样样都要，全数失掉．

n. 1)抓，紧握I kept her hand in my grasp.

2)（能力所及的）范围，限度Success is within his grasp.

3)（与of连用）控制力；控制to be in the grasp of an enemy

4)了解；明白；掌握to have a thorough grasp of a subject

5短语：beyond/within a person’s grasp

catch, grasp, seize 与snatch

catch是普通用语，用“设法抓住，捉住”的意思； grasp表示牢牢地“抓住”；seize指“突然用力抓住使不逃脱”；snatch 表示迅速的拉扯动作、出其不意地“抓取”。 eg:

The police __________ the thief as he ran. 小偷逃跑时被警察抓住了。

He _________ his gun and rushed out. 他抓起枪就冲了出去。

He __________ the gun from the enemy soldier. 他从敌人士兵手中夺过了枪。

The thief ________ her handbag and ran off. 小偷抢走了她的手提包就跑了。

5 master: vt. , vi master one’s temper/feelings 控制脾气/感情

It’s difficult to master nature. master English ; master foreign affairs ; He never mastered the art of the public speaking.;

n. ① male head of a household 家里的______ ②大师；名家 ③the maths master _______

④ a master’s degree ________ 引申：a doctor’s degree 博士学位 a bachelor’s degree 学士学位

又如：Master of Arts 文学硕士 Doctor of Law 法学博士 Bachelor of Science 理学学士

6 arrange:v. She is good at arranging flowers.

Before going away, he arranged his business affairs.

The Tourist Bureau arranged everything for our journey to Rome.

We arranged with his team to play a game of baseball.

He arranged that the meeting (should) be put off for a week. = He arranged for the meeting to be put off for a week.

7 set foot in/ on: _________

She said she wouldn’t set foot in the room until it had been properly cleaned.

No man has ever set foot on that deserted island.

on (one's) feet:_____：(Rise to one’s foot)

The crowd was on its feet for the last ten seconds.

2)Fully recovered, as after an illness or convalescence:

康复：疾病或渐愈之后完全康复：The patient is on her feet again.病人复原了

set up_______ /set aside_______ /set out_______/set off_______/set down_______ /set about_______

8 base sth. in/at 把．．．设在 base sth. on/upon 以．．．为基础

base n.底部, 根据地, 基地, 本部, 基础（物体基础）

That company has offices all over the world, but their base is in Paris.

That bank’s head office is based in London.

vt.：形成…的基础，以…为基础based the new company in Portland.

One should always base one\'s opinions on facts.

Basis:1)基础（非物质方面）；根据What is the basis of your opinion?

2)主要部分The basis of this drink is orange juice.

A tall building must have a very wide and stable base.

The basis of friendship is mutual trust and respect.

9 effect: n. 1)have a good/positive/negative/immediate effect on sb./sth.

2) in effect______; ___________

He is, in effect, my rival. The old system is still in effect.

3)bring sth into effect : bring a new law into effect

4)come into effect : The new law will come into effect.

5)take effect: The medicine quickly took effect. 药很快见效了

6)side effect: Does this drug have any side effects?

Affect: vt. _______

10. rely on／upon sb./ sth.: =depend on __________

Nowadays we rely increasingly on computers for help.

I rely on _______________ the money.我指望她来还钱。

You may rely on it that he will come to meet you.

12 As Yufang puts(=say) it: “We are not making that(=so) much money yet, but we are excited about all the new technology and great ideas that are coming to life in Zhongguancun.”

as sb. puts it…正如某人所说．．．put vt. 表达，表述

I want to know how to put this in French.

come to life: ___________

We all thought he was drowned, but after an hour’s artificial respiration he came back to life.

When I told the students the good news, they all came to life.

Integrating skills

1. Since the early 1990s, China has been enjoying a boom in scientific and technological development.

a) boom: _______________

The oil market is enjoying a boom. The year 2003 is a boom year for China’s exports.

b) boom: V. ___________ Business is booming.

2. In 1995, the Chinese government put forward a plan for “rejuvenating the nation by replying on science and education.

1) rejuvenate: v. “______________; ______________

He is rejuvenated by new hope. I feel rejuvenated after a holiday.

rejuvenate 一般用于被动语态.

3. put forward _____________ She put forward a new plan.

4. The CSA, the Chinese Space Agency, has developed the highly successful Long March rocket series. 1) series __________ They decided to publish a new series of reading materials for students of English.

2)电视系列节目, 电视连续剧

3) 一套邮票

5. 2001, Chinese scientists announced that they had completed mapping out their part of the international human genome project, proving that Chinese scientists are among the world’s best.

announce vt.宣布, 通告announcement n.宣告, 发表, 一项公告, 一项私人告示

declare1）正式地公告；布告；宣告；声明; 申报（例如，可纳税品）

It has been ___________ that Mr. A and Miss B will be married next week.

已正式宣布A先生与B小姐将于下星期结婚。

to __________ war 宣战 to _________ the result of election 公布选举结果

Have you anything to _________?你有要申报纳税的物品吗？

6.China has long been a leader in the field of genetic research aimed at improving agriculture.

Aim: aim to do: I aim to be a millionaire by the time I'm 35.

We are aiming for (= planning to achieve) a 50% share of the German market.

3)aim at ①瞄准,对准你瞄的不准.

②(向某方面)努力;力争她争取获得奖学金She’s aiming at a scholar ship.

③针对某人我的话并非针对你 My remarks were not aimed at you.

7 deadly: adj.1)___________ Fog is the sailor's deadly enemy.

2)势不两立的， 殊死的

3)极度的，非常的 deadly haste至急

4)死一般的 a deadly paleness如死人般的苍白

Adv.极度地；非常地deadly dull极为枯燥无味

UNIT 11 过关练习

1 . He is the only driver ______ for the journey.

A. possible B. probable C. possibly D. likely

2 Having decided to rent a flat, we _____to contact all the accommodation agencies in the city.

A. set about B. set down C. set out D. set up

3 I was advised to arrange for insurance _____ I needed medical treatment.

A. although B. incase C. so that D. if only

4 The professor could hardly find enough grounds ______ his arguments in favor of the new theory.

A．to be based on B．to base on C．which to base on D．on which to base

5.The new appointment of our headmaster ______ from the very beginning of the next semester.

A. takes effect B. takes place C. takes turns D. takes part

6. If you ___________ a mistake in reviewing the report, please bring it to my attention.

A. come along B. come across C. come around D. come about

7. --- Not getting that job was a big bet down. ---Don’t worry. Something better will .

A. come along B. take on C. go by C. fall behind

8. Our English teacher _____ by the teachers and students.

A. is good thought of B. is thought high of C. is sung highly praise for D. is spoken highly of

9.When the famous scientist was making a speech, many eyes were________ on him.

A. set B. centered C. fixed D. aimed

10 Whether this work of art is valuable remains ____________.

A. to prove B. proving C. to be proved D. proved

11 We had thought the examination would be difficult, but it easy.

A．turned B．came C．appeared D．proved

12. We’ll never forget the ____Premier Chou Enlai. A. late B. dead C. past D. deadly

13．The adverbial phrase ”every day“ has ____ space between _____ two words.

A. the; the B. a; the C. 不填; the D. 不填； 不填

14 Yang Liwei is _____ first Chinese who has _____ experience of traveling in space.

A. 不填; 不填 B. 不填; the C. the; 不填 D. the; an

15．- The young man is good at a lot of things but you can’t say he is ________ .

- I agree with you. Actually no one is.

A. wonderful B. splendid C. perfect D. complete

16.1) I wrote him a letter and suggested ____ the meeting ____.

A. to put ; away B. to put ; off C. putting ; off D. putting ; away

17 Once you are contracted with the disease, you will never hope to ______ the virus and sufferings from it all your life.

A. be free from B. avoid C. defeat D. cure

18 I don’t doubt _______ the medicine is _______ effect for cancer.

A. that, a cure of B. if, cure of C. how, a cure for D. that, cure for

19 Such ________ the case, I couldn't help but________ him.

A. being; support B. is; to support C. has been; supporting D. be; supported

20---If you like the new house, I suggest you buying it.

---But it”s really too expensive. I can”t______ it. A. get B. afford C. supply D. support

1-5 ACBDA 6-10 BADCC 11-15 DABDC 16-20 CAAAB 21-22

21. Some hospitals allow patients to keep their own blood______ several weeks in advance of surgery. A. in general B. in store C. at stake D. at ease

22. What he's saying is that they play away quite happily, not realizing what's _____for them in the rest of their lives. A. in general B. in store C. at stake D. at ease

23. I’d rather have a room of my own, however small it is, than ________ a room with someone else.

A. share B. to share C. sharing D. to have shared

24. ---Do you understand what I said? ---I didn’t ____ the last two words.

A. grasp B. catch C. seize D. follow

25. Every day the boy, together with his classmates, ______ to go to the sports ground and ______ football, ______ themselves.

A. are noticed, play, enjoying B. is noticed, plays, enjoying

C. are noticed, plays, enjoys D. is noticed, play, enjoying

26. _____ back to life, the sailor found all his things _____at sea.

A．Having come; missing B．Coming; lost

C．Having come; going D．Coming; missed

27. He will _____ our class to sing at the school singing contest.

A. take place of B. stand for C. represent D. representative of

28. My English teacher usually _____ the students into pairs to practice using new vocabulary.

A．breaks out B．breaks through C．breaks up D．breaks down

29. The Chinese Space Agency has developed the __ successful Long March rocked series.

A. highly B. heavily C. even D. much

30. _____ has been announced, we shall have our final exams next month.

A. That B. As C. It D. Which

31. I’d rather have a room of my own, however small it is, than ________ a room with someone else.

A. share B. to share C. sharing D. to have shared

32. Red is usually ____ danger so traffic lights include red ones.

A. marked with B. lined with C. related with D. associated with

21-25 BBABD 26-30 BCCAB 31-32 AD

篇11：unit 11 language points(人教版高二英语下册教案教学设计)

[Step I Greetings

Step II Revision

Retell the text in our own words

Step III Reading

Language points:

1. Whatever great achievements the future may have in store for China, it is likely that many of them will be born in northwestern Beijing.

无论中国将来会有什么样的伟大成就，很有可能其中很多就诞生在北京的西北部。

whatever (conj.) ---regardless of what , no matter what 引导让步装语从句。在句中可以做主语，宾语和定语。

a. Whatever happens, the first important thing is to keep cool.

( Whatever happens = No matter what happens)

不管发生什么事,头等重要的是保持冷静。

b. Whatever dictionary you have, lend it to me.

不管你有什么词典，借给我。

c. Whatever you do, don’t be late.

无论做什么，都不要迟到。

whatever还可引导名词性从句。即主语从句和宾语从句。

注意：当whatever 引导名词性从句时， 不可用no matter what 替换, whatever= anything that 。

d. You may do whatever you want to do.（whatever= anything that）

无论你想做什么事，你都可以做。

e. Whatever can be done has been done. （Whatever= Anything that）已经做了能做的一切。

in store (for sb./sth.)

a. about to happen 必将发生的，就要到来的

b. being stored 储备（贮存）着，准备着

a. I can see trouble in store.

b. There is a surprise in store for you.

c. When I first set ______ in Australia, I didn’t know what the future might have in ______ for me.

A. my foot; the store B. a foot; the store

C. foot; store B. feet; stores

2. It is home to the Chinese Academy of Sciences and more than ten famous universities, including Peking University and Tsinghua University.

它是中国科学院以及包括北京大学、清华大学在内的十多所著名大学的所在地。

home n. --- 所在地，家，发源地，栖息地。

a. I left my book at home.

b. America is the home of baseball.

c. India is the home of elephants and tigers.

d. at home

feel at home

make oneself at home

3. Zhongguancun was set up as a special economic zone in the late 199os and quickly got started became the leader of China’s hi-tech industry.

set up as --- establish (oneself) in business as

立业，当上, 使（自己或他人）从事某职业

a. He has set himself up as a bookseller.

他开始经营书籍

b. His parents set him up as a teacher.

他的父母使他从事教师职业。

set up 开办，树立，升高，建立，创立，设立

set up a shop

set up a flag

set up a committee

set about doing sth

set off / out

set out to do sth.

4. They all have their own …, but they all share the spirit of creativity and scientific skill that have made Zhongguancun a success.

success n --- a. (U) a degree of succeeding

b. (C) a person or thing that succeeds

(failure is similar to success)

a. Failure is the mother of success.

b. As a writer, she is a success.

c. His new book was a great success.

d. She’s just set up a new company; We hope she makes a success of it.

e. This experiment turned out to be _____ failure, but ,as we know, success often comes after ______ failure.

A. a; a B. /; / C. a; / D. /; a

succeed / be successful in doing sth.

Were you successful (Did you succeed) in persuading him to change his mind?

Step IV Homework

1. Review the words and expressions

2. Preview the language points

篇12：unit 11 integrating skills(人教版高二英语下册教案教学设计)

Step 1 Greeting

Step 2 Revision

Step 3 Lead-in

Step 4 Reading

1. listen to the tape and ask the students to get the general idea of the passage.

2. ask the students to read the passage themselves and ask some of them to read the text.

Step 5 Reading comprehension

1. Questions

（1）What plan has helped Chinese scientists make many breakthroughs?

Rejuvenating the nation by relying on science and education（科教兴国）

（2）Which scientific fields are mentioned in the text?

Exploring space

Genetic research

Computer engineering

Medical science

2. Fill in the form

fields Achievements Importance

Exploring Space

Developed Long March rocket series

used to send satellites

into space; prepare for the

nation’s first manned flight

Genetic Research

A new kind of rice

which allow farmers

to increase

production；

Completed part

of the international

human genome

project in Proving that China’s

scientists are

among the world’s best

Improve agriculture, cure new diseases

Computer Engineering

Chinese computer engineers have developed supercomputer ---Shenwei and build the nation’s first humanoid robot Run large programs, perform difficult operations

Medical Science

Scientists create a chemical element to fight cancer cells

Gives hope to cancer

patients all over the

world; makes China

one of the world

leaders in the battle

against the deadly

disease.

3. True or False

(T) China makes great achievements in science and technology.

(F) The success made by China is an accident.

(F) The Long March rocket series are dangerous and have not been used.

(T) China also became part of an international research programme which examined the human body.

(F) The low-speed broadband network was recently started.

(T) Chinese computer engineers have also developed the supercomputer Shenzhou.

4. Choose the best answer

(1) Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text?

A. Chemical element for curing cancer

B. Long March rocket series

C. Humanoid robot

D. Clone technology

(2) According to the author, what is becoming increasing popular in China?

A. The internet

B. Robot

C. Space flight

D. Genetics

(3) According to the text, how does China rejuvenate the nation?

A. By solving the mysteries

B. By E-volution

C. By exploring space

D. By science and education

(4) What would be another proper title for the passage?

A. The Chinese Space Agency

B. The Breakthrough in Fighting Cancer

C. The Great Achievements in Science and Technology

D. The Development of Super Computer “ Shenwei”

(5) The word “ boom” in Para. 1of the text means _________

A. victory

B. success

C. progress

D. prosperity

Step 6 Homework

Read the Integrating skills on the exercises book

篇13：高二（下）各单元词组(人教版高二英语下册教案教学设计)

1. have sth. in common 2. a manned spaceship

3. in store 4. It is likely that…

5. be set up 6. the late 1990s

7. get started 8. make… a success

9. a growing number of… 10. master’s degree

11. come true 12. set foot in

13. run a company 14. together with

15. have an positive effect on 16. as well as

17. rely on 18. come to life

19. be filled with 20. The success is no accident.

21. put forward 22. make many breakthroughs

23. highly successful 24. aim at

25. over the past twenty years 26. It seems to be love at first..

27. deadly disease

Unit 12

1. make a living 2. applied science

3. the latest idea 4. remind sb. of…

5. lay the foundation of… 6. be considered impossible

7. at the beginning of… 8. It is believed that…

9. set out to do 10. in their efforts to survive

11. turn out to be… 12. on board

13. from that day on 14. be dressed in

15. find themselves surrounded

16. ever since 17. in the end

18. contrary to 19. in public

20. the search of 21. dream of

22. throw light upon 23. at the age of

24. at university 25. attract one’s attention

26. nothing else but… 27. It was… that… (强调句)

28. eight feet in height = eight feet high

29. slow down 30. cup up

31. light the flame of… 32. burn out

Unit 13

1. come up with 2. get started

3. benefit from 4. range from… to…

5. all the way up 6. be made up of

7. … that is… 8. break down

9. become/be available to… 10. mix with

11. even through 12. be measured in…

13. take advantage of… 14. give off

15. be sensitive to 16. add… to…

17. make life possible 18. depend on

19. It sounds as if 20. do sth. bad to sb.

21. play a trick on sb . 22. call in

23. turn out (to be) better 24. have fun

25. a variety of… 26. contribute to

Unit 14

1. give a speech 2. be put in prison

3. join hands 4. in the 1840s

5. be active in 6. as a result of

7. thousands of 8. make him famous

9. all over the world 10. mixed-race marriages

11. have no right to do 12. fight for / against

13. set an example to 14. Born in…, King went to…

15. achieve one’s goal 16. refuse to do

17. take the bus 18. separate…from…

19. It was… that… (强调句) 20. the following year

21. become law 22. from then on

23. of all times 24. struggle for

25. believe in 26. start with

27. go to university 28. ask for sth.

29. in modern times 30. have sth. in common

31. regardless of 32. come up with

33. at first sight

Unit 15

1. see fit 2. look into

3. every now and then 4. get the itch to do

5. spend… on… 6. feel the urge to do

7. stretch itself lazily along… 8. give sb. a glimpse of

9. next to 10. remind sb. that…

11. get tired of 12. cool off

13. be located in 14. breath-taking scenery

15. a wide variety of… 16. go on a trip

17. a far-away destination 18 find out

19. be a lot of fun 20. prefer to do

21. credit card 22. avoid doing

23. make a list 24. seasoned travel

25. travel light

Unit 16

1. ever since 2. deal with

3. be driven off 4. run deep

5. far behind 6. grow up

7. Despite… (名词) / Although… (句子)

8. lead sb. to do 9. take away

10. aim at 11. a series of

12. in the 1960s 13. in honor of

14. in vain 15. seem to do

16. be proud of 17. cultural diversity

18. be determined to do 19. be known for

20. once again 21. take the chance to…

22. disagree with sb. 23. look up

24. as a result 25. wok on

26. go on sale 27. live by

28. used to do 29. exist in huge numbers

30. grow to… 31. be forced to do

32. make agreements 33. be thought to…

34. die out 35. in turn

36. have an effect on 37. end up with

38. make use of

Unit 17

1. overcome difficulties 2. as if

3. win an award 4. Class is over.

5. get/move around 6. everyday things

7. get dressed 8. live a rich life

9. make a contribution to… 10. reach one’s goal

11. play a valuable role 12. realize one’s dream

13. live a meaningful and productive life

14. visually impaired 15. live with

16. accept them as they are 17. get used to

18. while… (虽然) 19. be gifted in

20. every four years 21. mentally disabled

22. take part in 23. It seems as if…

24. Be the best you can be. 25. fail to do

26. participate in 27. gain self-confidence

28. since then 29. at times

30. keep a positive attitude

Unit 18

1. environmentally friendly 2. be tired of

3. have sth. done 4. think of

5. throughout the history 6. come up with

7. It seems that… 8. highly valued skill

9. a matter of 10. allow for

11. get stuck 12. break away from

13. take another look at it 14. as with…

15. a series of… 16. make connections

17. be connected to… 18. be aware of…

19. keep trying 20. trail and error

21. Good ideas are no accident. 22. a great many

23. force sb. to do 24. all in the mind

25. part of our everyday life 26. We are said to do

27. do with 28. be similar to

29. A computer does keep information…

30. be different from 31. after all

32. allow sb. to do 33. not just…but

34. think about 35. now that

36. at such a high pace 37. make mistakes

38. try doing （试一试） 39. make up

40. keep track of…

Unit 19

1. take place 2. make a decision

3. give up 4. have mercy on sb.

5. promise to do 6. It’s useless doing

7. hope for sth. 8. be seated

9. a most troublesome case = a very troublesome case

10. be accused of 11. a consequence of…

12. ask for 13. do right / wrong

14. according to 15. cut off

16. tear up 17. swear to heave to do

18. do the deed 19. be in love with

20. at seat 21. at present

22. pay back 23. sign the agreement

24. so wise a head = such a wise head

25. at the mercy of 26. go down on one’s knees

27. (be) worthy of

Unit 20

1. be curious about 2. date back to

3. be dressed (in) 4. It was / is… that… (强调句)

5. a variety of 6. tend to do

7. on average 8. It’s not yet known…

9. be linked to 10. have a hand in…

11. in terms of 12. It is thought / believed that…

13. armed conflict 14. It has been proved that…

15. in the eyes of… 16. since then

17. as well as 18. a large quantity of…

19. serve as 20. in ancient times

21. look very much like 22. remind sb. of …

23. because of 24. have links with

25. dig up 26. be filled with

27. belong to 28. cover an area of…

篇14：Unit 15 The necklace单元教案(人教版高二英语下册教案教学设计)

Teaching goals

1. Talk about drama and theatre

2. Ask for permission

3. Use the modal verbs “must; can/could; may/ might”

4. Talk about possibilities

5. Write and act a short play

Period 1 Listening

Step 1 Leading in

Many of you have heard and read different stories, including fairy tales; science fictions; whodunit; love stories; funny stories; sad stories and so on.

Let’s discuss what kind of stories you like best? Why?

Step 2 warming up

What is in the picture? (an old man who is holding a picture; two young people; sea; an island in the sea; some plants near the sea. Some seagulls)

What is happening in the picture? (immortal; travelers; a sea monster; treasure)

Ask the students to think over and tell a story. Ask the other students whether their stories interesting, funny or mysterious.

Encourage the students to act out their stories. (a narrator; two actors and an actress)

Step 3 listening

1. Play the tape for the students to listen and check their answers.

2. Discussion: Who do you think could steel Mary’s necklace and cellphone? How can you solve this mystery?

Step 3 Workbook listening

Make sure the students understand what they are going to hear. Then play the tape for them to listen. If necessary, play twice or three times.

Step 4 Homework

1. Remember the new words

2. Prepare speaking practice. Choose one of the situations and create a play, each group one of the four. The plays will be acted out in the next class.

Period 2 Speaking

Step 1. Checking homework

Ask a student to read the situations one by one. Then listen and watch their plays.

Step 2 Talking

1. Ask the students to read the request in TALKNG on page 84. Then do as they are told to.

Step 3 Reading

1. About the author: Guy De Maupassant (see: Paper)

2. Play the tape and get the students to read the text and find out how many scenes and how many characters in the play.

3. Ask the students to read the play one scene after another carefully and answer some questions on each scene, and find out the main idea of each scene.

4. Put some sentences in the right order.

5. Read the play again and find out some detailed information about some clues, and fill in the chart on the screen.

6. Choose the correct answers to the comprehension exercises on the screen.

Step 4 Acting out

Let the students prepare for a short time, and then act out their play in front of the class. If time is limited, the acting can be done in the next class.

Period 3

Step 1 watch the vedio of the “ Necklace”

Step 2:

Language points:

1. I don’t think I know you.

2.That’s because of hard work.

He cried ______ the pain in his arm.

He dropped the pan _____ the oil was burning.

3. Years of hard work, very little food, oil a small room to live in, and never a moment rest. 数年劳累,食不果腹,屈居寒舍,片刻也不得休息

4. 不定式做定语，与所修饰词有动宾关系，

I have a lot of work to do today.

He is a man easy to work with.

Could you please give me a pen to write ______?

Could you please give me a piece of paper to write ______?

Could you choose a topic for us to write ______?

译：我没有什么事情可担心的。

5.marry sb. get / be married (to sb.)

6. be worth + money 价值…钱

sth be worth + n.

sth. be (well) worth doing

It is worth while doing/to do sth.

sth is worthy of + n.

sth is worthy of being done.

sth is worthy to be done.

某事值得做

7. accept & receive

He _______ a nice gift from John and happily _________ it.

8. Invitation

receive /accept /refuse an incitation 收到/接受/拒绝 邀请

give sb an invitation 邀请某人

9. after all ---in spite of all what has been said, done or expected

毕竟； 终究； 归根到底

So you are here after all.

It’s not surprising you look so tired. After all, you were up until eleven last night.

10. call on sb ; call at a place = pay a short visit to sb / a place

call off 转移开(注意力); 宣告终止

11. pay back = return 归还

pay off 还清

pay (money) for sth 付钱买…

12. at (the) most; at (the) least

I don’t have much money with me. I can only pay twenty pounds _______.

Mathild looked so old that she must be forty _________.

13. take up

(1）fill or occupy (space or time)

This table takes up too much room.

His time is fully taken up with writing.

(2) start or begin sth, esp. a job

She has taken up a job as a teacher.

She will take up her duty next week.

Step 4. Homework

1. Rewrite the story of “The Necklace”.

2. Orally retell the story, supposing you are Mathilde or Jeanne or Pierre.

3. Prepare to act out the play, one group one scene.

Period 4

Acting out the play

Period 5

Step 1: Revision

1. Listen to the students retelling of the story.

2. Dictation:

(1) Years of hard work, very little food, only a small room to live in and never a moment’s rest.

(2) I can’t be the only woman who isn’t wearing jewellery.

(3) There were so many beautiful things that it was hard to choose.

(4) You tried it on and it looked beautiful on you.

(5) We asked everyone there if they had found a necklace, but without luck.

(6) It can’t be true. I don’t believe it.

Step 2. Word study

Check the students’ exercises.

Step 3. Grammar

Period 6

Step 1 Dictation:

(1) Writing a short play is not that difficult.

(2) Besides, we have to start somewhere if we want to learn how to write plays

(3) If we work together, we might come up with a very good story.

(4) On her way to her grandma’ she met an alien who takes her in his spaceship.

(5) Their ideas are alien to our way of thinking. (opposite)

Step 2 Integrating skills

1. Fast reading the passage with questions:

(1). Which does Tim prefer, watching plays or playing computer games?

(2). What happens to the first girl on her way to see her grandmother?

(3). What happens to the second girl on her way to school?

2. Deal with some language points:

(1). Walking is a good form of exercise, both for young and old.

Can ten years change a person like that?

(2) besides= what’s more; also; in addition

I don’t want to go out now2, and besides, I’m much too tired.

(3) come up with = think up (an idea; a plan)

He is such a smart boy that he can always come up with bright ideas when we turn him for help.

(4) alien n. 外星人; adj. 背道而驰

Step 3 discussions

Post reading exercises

Step 4 Homework

1. Complete all the exercises in the unit.

2. Write one of the plays according to the story in the text in exercise books.

Period 7

Step 1 Revision

1. finish off the exercises in the workbook

2. Tranlate some sentences in the exercise-books

1). 谁能想出一个好办法来解决这个问题？

2） 他们的想法和我们的截然不同。

3） 他梦想当一名编剧。

4） 艰苦的工作能磨练人的性格。

5） 即使他邀请我，我也不去参加这个聚会。

Step 2 Integrating skills reading

1. Fast reading: Find out the topic sentence of each paragraph.

Para. 1-----The third sentence (The first thing an actor must have is the desire to become an actor and the belief that she or he can act well.)

Para 2-----The first sentence (Learning how to act can be fun.)

Para 3-----The first sentence (Acting exercises may also teach the students to trust each other and to communicate.)

Para 4-----The first sentence (When actors prepare for a performance, they have to do more than just learn the lines of the play.)

Para 5-----The second sentence (Many of the skills an actor or actress has to learn can be useful in our everyday life and may even help you learn faster.)

Period 8

Listening practice

篇15：高二英语unit11全套教案(人教版高二英语下册教案教学设计)

I. Teaching Goal

1. Talk about science and scientific achievement.

2. Practise expressing intentions and wishes.

3. Learn about word formation (1).

4. Write a persuasion essay.

The First Period

Teaching Aims:

1. Learn and master the following.

(1)New words

engineering, solar, significant, mankind, constitution

(2) Everyday English s

If I got the money，I would……

My plan is to……

I hope that……

I want/wish/hope/intend/plan to……

I'd like to……”

I'm thinking of……

2. Train the students' listening abilities.

3. Talk about science and scientific achievement, urging the students to further understand the significance of science and scientific achievement and encouraging them to work hard at their lessons.

Teaching Important Points;

1. Finish the task of listening to train the students' listening ability.

2. Practise expressing intentions and wishes to train the students' speaking ability.

Teaching Difficult Points;

1. How to help the students talk in English about science and scientific achievement freely.

2. How to help the students finish the tasks of listening and speaking smoothly.

Teaching Methods;

1. Listening and speaking to train the students' ability to use English.

2. Individual, pair or group work to make every student take an active part in class.

Teaching Aids:

1. the multimedia

2. the blackboard

Teaching Procedures;

Step I Greetings and Lead-in

Greet the Ss. Then teacher turns on the multimedia. First, show the students a recorded programme in which the students can see the hard life people lived in the past. Then show them a programme in which people live a happy and modern life. After that, teacher asks some Ss up to describe what they saw in the programmes. Last, write the following on the boackboard.

(Bb: Unit 11 Scientific achievement)

First, let's learn some new words. Please look at the screen. (Teacher shows the screen and deals with them with the whole class.)

engineering／ / n.工程，工程学，设计，建造

solar / ／adj.太阳的，日光的

significant // adj.意义重大的，重要的；有意义的

mankind／/ n.人类

Neil Armstrong／ /尼尔 阿姆斯特朗（美国宇航员）

Alexander G Bell／bel / 亚历山大贝尔（美国发明家）

Ray Tomlinson／ / 雷 汤姆林森（美国计算机工程师）

constitution / / n．宪法

:Aeureka /ju'ri:k/ interj. 我找到了！

Step II Warming up

Ask some Ss to tell us what scientific achievements they think have changed the world?

(Teacher writes all the scientific achievements mentioned above on the blackboard and says the following. )

Step III Listening

The listening material contains two parts. You are going to hear some words said by some famous people at the time when they achieved success.

Look at the chart in Exercise 1 at the top of Page 2 quickly. Then play the first part of the tape for the Ss to complete it. After that, check their answers. (After checking the answers to Exercise 1, teacher goes on to deal with Exercise 2)

Now, listen to Part 2 and complete the sentences in Exercise 2, If necessary, play it twice for Ss to finish or check their answers.

At last, teacher deals with Exercise 3.

Step V Summary and Homework

T. In this class, we've mainly talked about scientific achievement. Centering on this topic, we did some listening and speaking. This way, we've learnt more about science and scientific achievement. Moreover, we've learnt some useful expressions to express intentions and wishes, .such as “If I got the money, I would……; My plan is to…… (Teacher writes them on the blackboard. ) After class, try to practise using them and preview the reading part.

Step VI The Design of the Writing on the Blackboard

Unit 11 Scientific achievement

The First Period

I . Scientific achievement:

electricity, cars, aero planes, radio and television, the Internet, cloning, genetic engineering, the Theory of Gravity，nuclear science, solar energy

II. How to express intentions and wishes:

If I got the money, I would……

My plan is to……

I hope that……

I want/wish/hope/intend/plan to……

I'd like to……

I'm thinking of……

The Second Period

Speaking

Ss work in pairs and discuss their intentions and wishes..

The following structures are helpful to students:

1. My plan is to…….

2. I hope that…..

3. I want/wish/hope/intend/plan to…..

4. I’d like to,,,,

5. I’m thinking of ….

6. It is likely that…

Here are four scientists who want to get money to complete their project. Each scientist will have to introduce his or her project and explain why it is the most important. Now, the teacher put the students in groups of five to have a discussion. Four group members represent scientists tone member will listen to all the scientists and ask questions. At the end of the discussion, he or she must decide who will get the money and why..

(Teacher and the students go through the expressions. After that, teacher puts the students in groups of five and gets them to prepare for a few minutes. At the end, teacher asks one or two groups to report their work to the rest of the class. )

A sample dialogue;

Organizer: Now, everybody is here. Who'd like to be the first to make a statement on this project? Dr Wilson: I and my team are working on a cure for AIDS. As you know, the number of people

infected with AIDS is keeping increasing at an astonishing speed. Some of them are facing death. As a result, we have to find a way to solve this problem as soon as possible. But, right now, the lack of money is a big problem. If we got enough money, we would complete the first stage of our project in the near future.

Organizer: I see. Dr Jones, how about you?

Dr Jones: At present, we are also facing the same problem of lacking money. My research project is about cloning and how to use new technology to cure disease. Today, more and more patients are expecting to get organ transplant in order to prolong their lives. I wish what I am doing could help them.

Organizer: I understand. Dr Smith, could you please give me your opinions on your project?

Dr Smith: For humankind on the earth, food is a fundamental factor, and as the population keeps growing, per capitation resource of people is becoming less and less. My plan is to develop new technology that will make it possible to grow food with very little water. However, currently, the shortage of money prevents my work from further going. I hope you can give me a hand on my project,

Organizer: It sounds a good idea. Dr Winfrey, it's your turn now.

Dr Winfrey: It’s ceaseless for human beings to explore the universe. That's why we are urgent to know what the Mars looks like and if there is any life on it. I'm thinking of sending a manned spaceship to Mars. Nevertheless, this huge project will surely cost a large sum of money. And I don't think we can get to the aim without your support.

Organizer: So, everyone has finished their statements on their own project. Frankly speaking, they all sound tempting to me, but I'm more inclined to the project suggested by Dr Smith. From my point of view, it's more closely related to the daily life of people and in accord with the actual condition of our country. I'd like to pour money into his project.

The Third Period

Teaching Aims:

1. Learn and master the following words and phrases.

likely, zone, private, grasp, master, perfect, arrange, set foot (in), rely on, failure，locate，valley

2. Train the students' reading ability.

3. Get the students to learn about Zhongguancun - China's Silicon Valley.

Teaching Important Points;

1. Learn to use the following:

(1) Phrases:

in store, set foot in(on), rely on, come to life, put forward

(2) Sentence patterns;

It is likely that……

……makes it clear that……

2. Improve the students' reading ability.

Teaching Difficult Point:

How to help the students understand the reading material exactly.

Teaching Methods;

1. Discussion before reading to make the students interested in what they will read.

2. Fast reading to get a general idea of the text.

3. Careful reading to get the detailed information.

4. Pair or group work to make every student take an active part in class,

Teaching Aids:

1. the multimedia

2. the blackboard

Teaching Procedures;

Step I Greetings

Greet the whole class as usual.

Step II Revision and Pre-reading

Yesterday, we talked about science and scientific achievement. We know scientific achievements can not only make our life better, but also change the world. Science makes the world become a smaller place. Science and scientific achievement promote the development of mankind and society. However, to achieve success in science research is not easy. It needs to work whole-heartedly. It also needs support and good environment. Now, please look at the questions on the screen and work in pairs or groups to discuss them. Let's go through them first. (Teacher shows the following on the screen. )

1. If you wanted to do research or start a company, what kind of support and environment would you need?

2. What is it that makes a scientific achievement important?

3. Why do scientists spend so much time trying to achieve something?

Teacher shows the new words on the screen and deals with them as usual.

likely / / adj. 很可能的, 合适的, 可靠的, 有希望的

economic / / adj. 经济的；经济学的，有实用价值的

zone / / n．区；区域．地带

hi-tech／‘haitek/ n．高科技，高技术（=high technology)

private／ / adj. 私立的；私人的；非公开的

technological / / adj.技术（学）的；工艺（学）的

overseas／ / adj.（在）海外的; (在）国外的

adv. 在海外；在国外

grasp / / vt．掀住。抓牢，理解

master／／n．硕士；（男）主人；能手

perfect／ / adj.完美的，理想的．绝对的

arrange／ / vt．安排书筹划；整理；布置

set foot (in) 到达；进人．踏上

IT /ai 'ti:/ abbr.（= information technology)信息技术．信息产业

Lenovo / li 'nuv / n．联想公司：

Founder／ / n．方正公司：

rely / / vi．依靠;依赖; 信赖; 指望：

rely on依靠；依赖，信赖，指望

failure / / n．失败，失败的人（事）；

locate／ / vt．（常用被动语态）把……设置在．使……坐落于；指出……的位置：

silicon／ / n. 硅；

valley／ / n．低凹处（尤指波谷）; 山谷；溪谷

Step III Reading

Page 3, Read the passage-Zhong-guancun quickly in four minutes and find out the answers to the following two questions!

1. What kind of spirit has made Zhongguancun a success?

2. What are the two mottos mentioned in the text for the park? (Teacher writes the two questions above on the blackboard. Four minutes later, teacher checks the answers. )

1. It is the spirit of creativity and scientific skill that has made Zhongguancun a success.

2. One is ”Relying on science, technology, and knowledge to increase economic power.“ The other is “Encouraging pioneering work and accepting failure.”

Work in pairs to finish the first exercise in Post-reading.

Suggested answers: l. ABC 2.D 3.CD 4. B 5.CD

Explain some phrases and sentences. Please look at the screen. (Teacher shows the following on the screen and explains them to the students.)

1. in store (for sb. / sth. ) : coming in the future; about to happen

e. g. There is a surprise in store for you.

I can see trouble in store.

2. set foot in /on sth. : enter or visit (a place) ; arrive

e. g. Don't ever set foot in this house again!

Who was the first man to set foot on the moon.

3. rely on/upon; depend on……

e. g. Nowadays we rely increasingly on computers for help.

You can rely on it that it will rain this week.

4. come to life: back to normal state, esp. of mind

e. g. As soon as the mother came to life, she cried for her daughter.

After three hours' saving, the injured man came to life,

5. It is likely that--- (Note：likely→ probable)

e. g. It is very likely that she'll ring me tonight.

It isn't likely to rain.

She is very likely to ring me tonight.

6. ……make it clear that……

(Note: make→ cause to be or become……)

e. g. She made it clear that she objected to the proposal.

She made clear her objections.

Step IV Listening and Reading Aloud

Listen to the tape of the passage, paying attention to the pronunciation and intonation. Then read it aloud by themselves and try to understand the phrases and sentences learnt just now.

(Teacher begins to play the tape. )

Step V Summary and Homework

T: In this class, we've learned more about Zhongguancun by reading the passage. As a new center of science and technology, it is known to the world. It is said that it is called ”China's Silicon Valley“. After class, use a library or the Internet to find out more about Silicon Valley and then compare the two areas. How are they similar or different? Besides, we've learnt some useful phrases and sentences. Remember to review the use of them.

Step VI The Design of the Writing on the Blackboard

Unit 11 Scientific achievement

The Third Period

I, Zhongguancun

1. What kind of spirit has made Zhongguancun a success?

2. What are the two mottos mentioned in the text for the park?

II. Phrases:

in store, set foot in/on, rely on/upon, come to life

III. Sentence patterns:

1. It is likely that…… :

2. ……make it clear that……

The Fourth Period

Language points.

1．constitution

1) 宪法the Constitution of the United States / the American Constitution

2) 体格，体质He has a weak constitution

3) 构造，构成the constitution of starch (淀粉的构成)

2．achievement (U)取得，完成（C）成就，成绩（V）achieve

development government movement equipment

vt 完成 达到（目的），得到

1） By hard working we can achieve anything.

2） We have achieved success in developing the product.

3．Mankind 人类 manmade (adj) Manly 有男子气概的；刚强的

4．in store(for sb./sth.):coming in the future;about to happen

e.g.There is a surprise in store for you.

I can see trouble in store.

5．Likely 1) be likely to do sth 很可能（发生某种情况）Our team is likely to win the game.

2) it is likely that + 从句

It is likely that we’ll go on a picnic in the forest tomorrow.

辨析：likely, possible与probable

Likely 常用词，指“从表面现象看很有可能”

Possible 指“由于有适当的条件和方法，某事可能发生或做到”，强调“客观上有可能”，但“实际希望很小”。

Probable 语气比possible 强，指“有根据、合情理、值得相信的事物，带有大概，很可能的意思”

Likely 之后常跟不定式（be likely to do sth） 而possible与probable之后通常不跟不定式；

Likely 的主语可以是人，而possible与probable的主语不能是人。

6．set up

1) 建立，成立 Set up home

Edison set up a chemical lab of his own at the age of ten.

2) 树立起来Let’s set up the tent first.

3) 使（自己或他人）从事某职业（as）

He has set himself up as a bookseller. 他开始经营书籍。

set about doing sth 着手做 set out to do sth Set an example

set fire to 点火；放火Set off 出发，动身Set foot in (on) 登上；涉足；访问

set foot in/on sth.: enter or visit(a place);arrive

e.g. Don’t ever set foot in this house again!

Who was the first man to set foot on the moon.

7．Private adj 私人的；私立的；不公开的

Private property Private school

a private door 便门in private 在私下，秘密地in public 公开地

8．grasp vt

1) 抓住 grasp sb by the arm

2) (= understand ) 掌握， 领会

Grasp sb’s meaning

3) n (常用单数) 紧握；把握；理解；理解力

Beyond sb’s grasp 力量达不到 Grasp all, lose all. 样样都要，全数失掉。 Within sb’s grasp 力量达得到

9．Master n 硕士；（男）主人；能手；雇主；大师

Mistress n 女主人 Masterless adj 无主的

Mastermind n 非常聪明的人 Masterkey n 万能钥匙

Masterpiece(masterwork) n 杰作 The master of the house 家长

Master and man雇主与雇工 A master in literature 文学大师

Master of Arts (MA) 文学硕士 Master of Science (MS) 理学硕士

Bachelor 学士 doctor 博士

vt 掌握；精通；控制；统治

Master a foreign language

Man can master nature.

10. perfect adj 理想的；完美的；绝对的；完全的；（动词的）完成的

His reading is perfect.

He is a perfect stranger to us.

The perfect tense

vt 使完美

They worked hard to perfect their dance.

Practice makes perfect 熟能生巧

Be perfect in English 精通英语

11．arrange

vt 安排，筹划；整理，布置

1） We have arranged a party.

2） He arranged the books on the shelf.

n arrangement

(C pl) 安排；准备工作 （U，C）整理；排列；布置

12. have an effect on 对……产生影响

Take effect 开始生效；开始实行

In effect = in fact 实际上

13. rely on / upon : depend on…依赖，依靠；信赖，信任

We should rely on our own efforts. 我们应该自力更生。

You may rely on it that she won’t be late.你可以放心，她不会迟到的。

14．make it clear （that）…表明，讲清楚

e.g. She made it clear that she objected to the proposal.

She made clear her objections.

15．Failure (v fail) 失败(U)，失败的人或事（C）

Failure is the mother of success.

He is a failure as an artist, but a success as an art teacher.他不是一个成功的艺术家，但是个成功的美术老师。

16．come to life: back to normal state, esp. of mind苏醒过来，恢复生气，活跃起来

After three hours’ saving, the injured man came to life.

When I mentioned our plans for a trip abroad, the kids came back to life at once.

17. mark

n 痕迹；符号；商标；分数；特征

an ink mark a question mark full marks make a mark 作标记

vt 做标记；留痕迹于；表明；批分数，评成绩

a dirt road marked with footprints 留有脚印的泥路

be marked with 标着……；(人、动物等身上)具有

Her face is marked with sadness. 她面露悲哀。

mark examination papers.

18. outstanding

1) 杰出的，突出的 （ stand out ）一名杰出的学生 an outstanding student

2) 未完结的；未清的；未付的

Outstanding debts 未付清的欠款

19．Breakthrough n 重大突破，突围；突破性的发现，成就

A military breakthrough 军事突破A scientific breakthrough 科学成就

20．enable

en-使+able能……的

enrich enlarge

strengthen strength(力量)+ en (使) vt 加强，增强 vi 变强

they strengthened the city wall..

the wind strengthened.

deep--deepen

Sharp-sharpen

Wide--widen

21. organ n 器官；风琴；机构，机关

The eyes are the organ of sight.

state organs

a government organ

adj organic 有机物的；有机体的

n organism (C)生物，有机体，有机组织

vt organize 组织

N organization 团体，机构，组织

22. put forward 提出（建议、意见）；推荐，提名

He put forward a better plan.

We put her forward as chairman of the committee.

23. aim (sth) at sth/doing sth (把……)瞄准；目的在于；企图

He aimed his gun at the target.

Those girls worked out every morning, aiming at losing weight.

知识点讲解

1． You and your team are working on a cure for Aids. 你和你的队员正在从事艾滋病的治疗工作。

（1）work on “从事于（某项工作）”；“设法说服” eg:

They worked on the old car late into the night. 他们修这辆旧汽车一直修到深夜。

What are you doing? We are working on some wood-cuts. 你们在干什么呀？我们正在创作一些木刻。

Can you work on him to change his mind?你能说服他改变主意吗？

（2）work at “学习，研究，致力于……” eg:

They have worked at this subject for many years. 他们研究这门科学好多年了。

（3）work out 做出；算出；设计出 eg:

This problem will not work out. 这道题算不出来。

They have worked out a method of sending a spacecraft to Mars.

他们已经设计出一种向火星发射宇宙飞船的方法。

2．extremely adv. to a very high degree 极端地；极度地 eg:

It was an extremely difficult and dangerous task. 这是一项极度困难和危险的工作。

extreme adj. reaching the highest degree 极度的 eg:

extreme patience/kindness 极度的耐心/仁慈 in extreme pain 在极度痛苦中

3． cure (1)n. ①[C] curing or being cured 治疗；治愈。 eg:

His cure took six months. 他的病花了六个月治疗。

②[C]substance or treatment which cures 治疗的药物；治疗法 eg:

Is there a certain cure for cancer yet? 迄今对癌症有治疗方法吗？

（2）vt. & vi. bring sb. back to health; get rid of one’s illness/habits eg:

This medicine will cure your headache. 这药可以治好你的头痛。

A few days’ rest will cure you. 休息几天你就痊愈了。

③（词组） cure sb. of one’s illness or bad habits 治愈疾病，改掉坏习惯 eg:

Moving to the country cured her of asthma. 搬到乡下她的哮喘病就好了。

He was cured of his habit of smoking. 他改掉了吸烟的坏习惯。

4． You are working on sending a manned spaceship to Mars. 你正在从事向火星发射载人宇宙飞船的工作。

（1）manned adj. (of machines esp. in space) having men on board （飞船等）载人的 eg:

the development of manned from unmanned space craft从无人向载人飞船的发展

（2）man-made adj. produced by the work of men; not found in nature 人造的 eg:

The lake is a man-made one. 这是个人工湖。

We have sent up many man-made satellites. 我们发射了多少颗人造卫星。

生词和词组

1．likely adj. (1) that is expected 很可能发生的；有希望的 eg:

Is he likely to win? 他有可能获胜吗？

The most likely result is a draw. 最可能的结果是不分胜负。

(2)that seems reasonable, suitable or right for a purpose 似乎合理的 eg:

That’s a likely excuse. 那似乎是个合理的借口。

(3)be likely to do… 很可能会……

It’s likely that… 可能会（有，发生）…… eg:

He is not likely to succeed. 他大概不会成功。

It is likely that he will be late. =He is likely to be late. 他可能会迟到。

2． grasp vt. , vi. & n.

(1)v. ①seize firmly with hand(s) or arm(s) 抓住；抱住；紧握 eg:

The boy grasped his mother’s hand firmly. 那个小男孩紧握住妈妈的手。

He grasped the rope and pulled it. 他抓紧绳子用力拉。

②understand with the mind 领悟；理解 eg:

I couldn’t grasp the teacher’s meaning. 我没领悟老师的意思。

(2)n. firm hold or grip; power of grasping 紧握；抓紧；领悟力 eg:

He doesn’t have a thorough grasp of the problem. 他没有彻底理解这个问题。

(3)短语：beyond/within a person’s grasp 为某人所不能/能抓到的；为某人所不能/能理解的。

3． master vt. , vi & n.

(1) vt. ①become the master of; overcome 成为……的主人；征服；控制

eg: master one’s temper/feelings 控制脾气/感情

It’s difficult to master nature. 征服大自然是困难的。

②gain as a skill 精通；熟练 eg:

master English 精通英语 master foreign affairs 精通外交事务

He never mastered the art of the public speaking. 他从未掌握当众演讲的艺术。

(2)n. ①man who has others working for him 主人，雇主

②male head of a household 家里的男主人

③captain of a merchant ship 商船的船长

④male teacher 男教师 eg:

the master of the house 一家之长

the maths master 数学教师 a master’s degree 硕士学位

4．arrange vt. & vi.

(1)put in order 安排；排列；布置 eg:

She is good at arranging flowers. 她擅长插花。

Before going away, he arranged his business affairs. 他离开之前，他把业务都安排好了。

(2)make plans in advance 预做计划 eg:

The Tourist Bureau arranged everything for our journey to Rome. 旅游局为我们去罗马的旅行准备了一切。

(3)arrange+ n. +for +n. 为……安排…… eg:

Mother arranged an appointment for me with the dentist. 母亲替我向牙医预约挂号。

(4)arrange sb. to do … 安排某人做…… eg:

I have arranged him to meet her. 我安排他和她见面。

(5)arrange with sb. to do … 约定与某人做…… eg:

We arranged with his team to play a game of baseball. 我们约好和他们队打一场棒球。

(6)arrange that … 商定，安排。 eg:

He arranged that the meeting (should) be put off for a week. =

He arranged for the meeting to be put off for a week. 他安排把会议延后一周召开。

5． failure n.

(1)[U] failing; lack of success 失败；不成功 eg:

Failure is the mother of success. 失败乃成功之母。

(2)[C] instance of failing; person, attempt or thing that fails 失败的事例；失败的人，企图或失败的事物 eg:

He was a failure as a teacher. 他不是个好老师。

Success came after many failures. 失败多次之后终于成功。

6． locate vt. & vi.

(1)discover, show the locality of 找出……的位置，指出……的位置 eg:

locate a town on a map 在地图上找出一城市的位置

(2)establish in a place 在一地点设置 eg:

a new school to be located in the suburbs 将设置在郊区的一所新学校

(3)be located 位于 eg:

Our school is located in the center of the town. 我们学校坐落于市中心。

(4)比较location n.

[U] locating or being located 指定位置

[C] position or place 位置；地方 eg:

The hill is a good location for the new church. 那山丘是建筑新教堂的好地点。

7． organ n.

(1)any part of an animal body or plant 动植物器官 eg:

the organs of speech, the tongue, teeth, lips, etc. 语言器官（如舌、牙、唇等）

(2)organization 组织，机构 eg:

Parliament is the chief organ of the government. 国会是政府的主要机关。

(3)musical instrument from which sounds are produced by air forced through pipes, played by keys pressed with the fingers and pedals pressed with the feet 风琴

同、近义词辨析

1．likely, possible 与probable

（1）三者均表可能性，但意思有别。possible指客观上有可能性，但往往含有希望很小的意味；probable比possible可能性稍大，有“较为可能、大概”，指有实际依据；likely是从外表迹象判断有可能发生的事。 eg：

It’s possible, though not probable, that he will come tomorrow. 他明天可能来，但也不一定准来。

She is likely to ring me tonight. 今晚她很可能给我来电话。

（2）possible 不能用人做主语。possible 常用于下列句型：

It is possible to do sth. It is possible for sb. to do sth.

It is possible that … eg:

Is it possible to say so?可能这样说吗？

It is possible for me to do it. 我可能做那件事。

（3）probable 也不能用人做主语。一般只用于下面句型中：

It is probable that … eg:

It is probable that he will come. 他很可能要来。

（4）likely 既可用人作主语，也可用物做主语。通可用于“It is likely that …”句型中。 eg:

He is likely to come. = It is likely that he will come. 他可能要来。但不能说：It is likely for him to come.

（5）impossible, improbable, unlikely 用法与上述类似。

2．catch, grasp, seize 与snatch

catch是普通用语，用“设法抓住，捉住”的意思； grasp表示牢牢地“抓住”；seize指“突然用力抓住使不逃脱”；snatch 表示迅速的拉扯动作、出其不意地“抓取”。 eg:

The police caught the thief as he ran. 小偷逃跑时被警察抓住了。

He grasped his gun and rushed out. 他抓起枪就冲了出去。

He seized the gun from the enemy soldier. 他从敌人士兵手中夺过了枪。

The thief snatched her handbag and ran off. 小偷抢走了她的手提包就跑了。

知识点补充

1．Whatever great achievements the future may have in store for China, it is likely that many of them will be born in northwestern Beijing. 无论中国将来会有什么样的成就，其中许多可能就诞生在北京的西北部。

（1）in store 就要到来，必将发生 eg:

Who knows what the future has in store for us? 谁知道我们将来注定如何？

（2）in store 也有储存着，备用的意思 eg:

The runner kept some energy in store for spurting at the end. 那名赛跑的人为最后冲刺贮存精力。

2． Zhongguancun was set up as a special economic zone in the late 1990s and quickly became the leader of China’s hi-tech industry. 在20世界90年代末中关村作为高新科技特区被创立并迅速成为中国高科技工业的先锋。

（1）set up-establish 建立 eg:

The government has set up a working party to look into the problem. 政府成立工作组调查此问题。

（2）in the late 1990s 又可写成in the late 1990’s 二十世纪九十年代末

in the early 1980s 二十世纪八十年代初

（3）hi-tech= high technology 高科技，高技术

3． When I got my master’s degree, I wanted to return home but couldn’t find a company where I could use what I had learnt. 当我获得硕士学位时，我想回到家乡，可是我没能找到学有所用的公司。

（1）本句是一个复合句。When I got my master’s degree 为时间状语从句，修饰主句谓语动词wanted。wanted和couldn’t find为并列谓语动词，由并列连词but连接。where I could use what I had learnt为定语从句，修饰先行词company。what I had learnt 为宾语从句。

（2）a master’s degree 硕士学位 a doctor’s degree 博士学位a bachelor’s degree 学士学位

又如：Master of Arts 文学硕士 Doctor of Law 法学博士Bachelor of Science 理学学士

4．I will never forget how happy I was when I set foot in China again and was back with my friends and family. 我永远不会忘记当再次踏上中国土地和我的朋友及亲人团聚时，那种感觉有多幸福。

（1）本句是复合句。How happy I was …为宾语从句。when I set foot in China again and was back with … 为时间状语从句。

（2）set foot in/on 进入，踏进 eg:

She said she wouldn’t set foot in the room until it had been properly cleaned.

她说直到这屋子收拾好了她才住进去。

No man has ever set foot on that deserted island. 没有人曾光顾过那个荒芜的岛。

5． “Relying on science, technology, and knowledge to increase economic power”- makes it clear that science and business can and must work together to build the future. “依靠科学，技术，知识发展经常”，它阐明了科学和商业能够且必须结合在一起共创未来。

（1）此句为复合句。it为形式宾语，代表that引导的宾语从句。

（2）rely on/upon信赖，依赖 eg: He can always be relied upon or help. 他的帮助是永远可依赖的。

You may rely on my early arrival. 你放心好了，我会早到的。

（3）make…clear 表明，讲清楚 eg:

Have I made myself clear? 我讲清楚了吗？

They wanted to make it clear that they did an important and necessary job. 他们想说明他们做着一项重要且必要的工作。

6． …but we are excited about all the new technology and great ideas that are coming to life in Zhongguanzun. 但是我们为所有这些在中关村富有活力的新技术和卓越的想法而感到激动。

（1）that are coming to life in Zhongguancun 为定语从句，修饰先行词ideas。

（2）come to life 苏醒；恢复生气 eg:

We all thought he was drowned, but after an hour’s artificial respiration he came back to life.

我们都以为他淹死了，但经过一小时的人工呼吸后，他又苏醒了。

When I told the students the good news, they all came to life.

当我告诉学生们这个好消息时，他们都活跃起来了。

The Fifth Period

Teaching Aims:

1. Learn and master the following words: brand , luggage , achieve , organ

2. Review the words appearing in the last two periods.

3. Learn about Word Formation.

Teaching Important Points;

1. Learn some words which are closest in meaning,

2. Study the ways of forming a word.

3. Study the meaning of some affixes and stems.

Teaching Difficult Point;

How to help the students master some knowledge of Word Formation,

Teaching Methods;

1. Doing exercises to review the learnt words.

2. Studying and practising to master the ways of forming a word.

3. Pair or group work to make every student take an active part in class.

Teaching Aids:

1. the multimedia

2. the blackboard

Teaching Procedures :

Step I Greetings

Greet the whole class as usual.

Step II Revision

In the last period, we read the passage Zhongguancun and learned much about it. Now, who can tell me something about it? Get some Ss to try it.

Zhongguancun, in Beijing's Haidian District, is the new centre for Chinese science and technology. The centre itself got started in the early 1980s and was set up as a special economic zone in the late 1990s. Then it quickly became the leader of China's hi-tech industry. A growing number of overseas have returned to China and grasped the opportunity to develop their ideas at Zhongguancun. Zhongguancun has had a positive effect on business as well as science. Today, there are more than 8 000 hi-tech companies in Zhongguancun, more than half of which are IT companies. What has made Zhongguancun a success is the spirit of creativity and scientific skill.

We all know Zhongguancun is the leader of China's hi-tech industry as Silicon Valley in the USA. So sometimes it is called China's Silicon Valley. In the last class, I asked you to use a library or the Internet to find out more about Silicon Valley and then compare the two areas. Now who'd like to tell us how similar or different they are?

Both Zhongguancun and Silicon Valley are home to Internet industry as well as hi-tech companies, most of which are founded by students, faculty and staff members from the surrounding universities. However* as a fledgling hi-tech community, Zhongguancun has many differences from Silicon Valley. Silicon Valley has evolved a culture that is tuned to market-driven innovation, while in Zhongguancun, innovation is still largely driven by technology. In addition, investors in Silicon Valley are frequently an integral parts of companies day-to-day operations. While in Zhongguancun. Investors has been used only as a source of financing.

Let's do an exercise.

Please look at the screen.

(Teacher shows the following on the screen.)

Find the right explanation for each word.

1. zone 2. significant 3. institute 4. achievement 5. announce

6. grasp 7. giant 8. perfect

A. something you have worked hard for and done well

B. to say something in public

C. to take hold of something firmly

D. a group of people who want to study a special thing, or the building used by such a group

E. without any fault or bad points

F. large and important; having a special meaning

G. unusually large person, animal, plant, business organization, etc.

H. area or region with a particular feature or use

Suggested answers: l.-H 2.-F 3.-D 4.-A 5. -B 6.-C 7. -G 8. -E

Step III Word Study

Page 5. We'll deal with Word Study. First, Word Study. Then, Word Formation. Look at the exercise in Word Study now. Choose the answer that is closest in meaning to the underlined part. First, do it by yourself. Then check the answers with your partner. In the end, collect the right answers.

Suggested answers:

LA 2.B 3. C 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. C

Step IV Word Formation

Word formations

1. introduce the main ways of word formation: (the following may be of help during your teaching)

The main Processes of English Word-formation:

a. Prefixation: disagree, unimportant, non-smoker, minibus, overuse, antibiotics, underdeveloped, post-war, pre-school, renew, bimonthly, multi-racial;

b. Suffixation: percentage, girlhood, Londoner, hostess, employee, puzzlement, hopeless, changeable, talkative, deepen;

c. Conversion: desire-v. to long for, to wish/ n. strong longing, earnest wish; hit-v, to give a blow/ n. blow; They downed the tools.

d. Compounding: deadline, above-mentioned, chewing-gum, sun-bather, table talk, fathead, redcap, easygoing, sleep-walk,

The minor processes of English word-formation:

e. clipping or shortening: phone (for telephone), ad (for advertisement), prof (for professor), flu (for influenza), pub (for public house);

f. Acronyms(首字母缩略词): UN, VIP, NATO,DA (Doctor of Arts) , H-bomb (Hydrogen bomb);

g. Blending: branch, motel, Eurasia,

h. Back-formation: to beg from beggar, to baby-sit from baby-sitter, to greed from greedy.

i .Forming new words by analogy:

Moonrise is derived from the word sunrise by analogy.

j. Onomatopoeia:

Bark, giggle, bang, murmur.

2. Ss study examples on p6 and see if they can tell the processes of the words.

Study Word Formation. First, look at the words on the screen. (Teacher shows the following on the screen.)

international = inter-+ national

telephone = tele- + phone :

mankind = man+ kind

broadband= broad + band

extremely = extreme + ly

manned = man+ -ed

hi-tech= high + technology

e-school = electronic school

IT=information technology

CSA = Chinese Space Agency

The Ss are given two minutes to study the words and find out the ways of forming a word. Then ask some students to explain how they are formed.

Look at the stems and affixes on the screen. Match each of them with the right meaning on the

right.

(Teacher shows the following on the screen.)

trans-

-graph

tele-

super-

co-

vis-

bio-

Sub-

-port- carry

see

below

life

together/with

more than usual

far

across

writing

The Ss are given two minutes to prepare. Then check your answers.

Suggested answers:

trans- = across tele- = far co- = together/with bio- = life vis- = see -graph= writing -port-= carry sub-= below super-=more than usual

Please look at the screen. Let's do another exercise.

(Teacher shows the following on the screen.)

Use context clues and what you know about word parts to guess the meaning of the underlined words.

1. ____ Many countries import most of the oil they use.

2. ____ He studied biophysics at college.

3. ____ It is very important to learn how to cooperate with others.

4. ____ All your luggage will be transported to the destination by train. 5. ____ My cousin has an excellent voice. Her dream is to become a

superstar.

(Teacher asks some students to do it. One student, one sentence. )

Suggested answers :

1．进口 2.生命物理 3.合作 4.运输 5.超级歌星

Step V Consolidation

Page 6 and look at Part 4. Read the news article and tell how the words in bold are formed. First, look at the given example to make sure you know how to do it. Then work in pairs to finish it. After a few minutes, check your answers.

Suggested answers

showcase= show+ case breakthrough= break + through

bioengineering = bio- + engineering outstanding = out + standing

enable= en- + able restore = re- + store

indirectly = indirect+-ly strengthen= strength+-en

Step VI Summary and Homework

T. Well. Let's see what we've learnt in this class. First, we've reviewed the words learnt in the last period. Then, we've learnt about Word Formation CD. We've learnt some ways of forming a word, such as derivation, compound and short form. This way, we know how to guess new words according to the meanings of the stems and affixes as well as the context clues. After class, please review what we've learnt in this class and preview the next part in this unit - Integrating Skills.

Step VI The Design of the Writing on the Blackboard

Unit 11 Scientific achievement

The Third Period

Word Formation

Ways of forming a word

a. derivation: international, telephone, extremely, manned

b. compound: mankind, broadband

c. short form: hi-tech, e-school, IT, CSA

The Sixth Period

Teaching Aims;

1. Learn and master the following words and phrases:

boom, put forward, breakthrough, agency, announce, evolution, supercomputer

2. Train the students' integrating skills, especially reading and writing skills.

Teaching Important Points:

1. Help the students understand the passages exactly and master the following words and phrases: put forward, aim at, announce, map out

2. Learn to write a persuasion essay to train the students' writing ability.

Teaching Difficult Point:

How to help the students finish the task of writing.

Teaching Methods:

1. Fast and then careful reading to improve the students' reading ability.

2. Learning tips to help the students learn to write a persuasion essay.

3. Individual, pair or group work to make the students finish each task.

Teaching Aids:

1. the multimedia

2. the blackboard

Teaching Procedures-

Step I Greetings

Greet the whole class as usual.

Step II Revision and Lead-in

(Show the following on the screen. )

Study the sentences and guess the meaning of each underlined word. Explain how the word is formed.

1. The average output of the factory is 20 cars a day.

2. She has written good essays before, but this one is substandard.

3. He is a kind of intellectual superman.

4. The lack of a common language made it very difficult to intercommunicate (with each other).

5. Transplant the seedlings into peaty soil,

6. Have you read an e-book?

7. When did China join the WTO?

8. They helped us to map out a long-term plan.

Suggested answers

1. output = out+ put产量

2. substandard = sub-+ standard低于标准的，不够标准的

3. superman = super-+ man超人

4. intercommunicate= inter- + communicate互相联系

5. transplant=trans-+plant移植

6. e-book = electronic +book电子图书

7. WTO＝World Trade Organization世贸组织

8. long-term=long + term长期的

Today, we've going to read about some scientific achievements in China. First，let's learn the new words.

(Teacher shows the screen and deals with the new words.)

boom /bu:m/.n. (经济、工商业的)繁荣（期），迅速发展期；（营业等的）激增，

put forward提出，建议；推荐’

△rejuvenate / / vt. 繁荣昌盛；使返老还童；使恢复（青春）活力，

breakthrough／/ n．（知识或技术领域的）重大突破；重大进展（发现）

（军事上的）突围；

△impressive / / .adj. 激动人心的；感人的．给人深刻印象的：

agency／ / n.（行政或职能）机构；代理机构

announce／ / vt. 宣布．宣告

△genome／/ n:基因组；染色体组

△element／ / n．元素；要素，组成部分：

evolution, / / n．发展，展开：进化

△byte /bait/，．［计〕字节．比特，

supercomputer / / n．超级计算机‘：

△humanoid／ / adj. 具有人的形状或特点的；类人的。

Step III Reading

Page 7. Look at Reading and Writing. Read each passage quickly and find out the answers to the following two questions on the screen. (Teacher shows the following on the screen.)

1. What plan has helped Chinese scientists make many breakthroughs?

2. Which scientific fields are mentioned in the text?

( After a while, teacher checks the answers. )

1. The plan for ”rejuvenating the nation by relying on science and education“.

2. Exploring space, genetic research, computer engineering and medical science.

(Teacher writes the answers above on the blackboard.)

Read the passages again carefully, trying to understand them more exactly and pay attention to some detailed information. After that, work in groups to complete the chart after the passages according to what is tearnt from the text. After four minutes, check answers.

Suggested answers:

Exploring space

Achievements: The Chinese space Agency has developed the highly successful Long March rocket series.

Importance: The rockets are used to prepare for the nation's first manned space flight.

Genetic research

Achievements: Chinese scientists have completed mapping out their part of the international human genetic project,

Importance; It has proved that Chinese scientists are among the world's best. It helps to solve the mysteries of life.

Computer engineering

Achievements: Chinese computer engineers have developed the supercomputer Shenwei.

Importance: The nation's first humanoid robot has been built.

Medical science

Achievements: Scientists have been able to create a chemical element that can fight cancer cells.

Importance: The breakthrough makes the cure of deadly disease possible.

(After that, teacher deals with the language points. )

Now, let's learn some useful words and expressions. Please look at the screen. (Teacher shows the following on the screen and gives brief explanations to make sure the students understand how to use them correctly.)

1. put forward: advance, propose or suggest sth. for discussion

e. g. He is putting forward radical proposals for electoral reform.

2. aim at: intend or try to do sth.

e. g. We must aim at increasing exports.

3. announce : make (sth. ) known publicly

e. g. They announced their engagement to the family.

Have they announced when the race will begin?

4. map out: present sth. in detail

e. g. He mapped out his ideas on the news project.

Step IV Listening and Reading Aloud

Play the tape for the Ss to listen. The first time, listen and follow. The second time, listen and repeat.

(Teacher begins to play the tape. )

Step V Writing

Writing part. The Ss have been asked by the magazine Modern Science to help them choose the greatest scientific achievement ever. Write a short essay, telling them which achievement you

have chosen and explaining why you think that it is the most important. In order that they can write your essay better. They’d better read and study the tips at Page 8 carefully before writing.

Step VI The Design of the Writing on the Blackboard

Unit 11 Scientific achievement

The Fourth Period

I . Areas

exploring space

genetic research

computer engineering

medical science

II. Words and phrases

put forward

aim at

announce

map out

The Seventh Period

Revision:

Go over the important points in this unit once again, and give Ss some additional reading materials if possible.

Zhongguancun Science Park is China's biggest science park with a high concentration of scientific and technological institutions and intellectual resources. Located in this area are 39 institutions of higher learning represented by Beijing University and Tsinghua University. There are 213 research institutions as exemplified by the institutions of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE) and 37% of the academicians of both the CAS and CAE are living and working in this area. Each year, thousands of sophisticated research discoveries emerge in this area and pour out to all places throughout China. Many state-level laboratories and important engineering and technology centers are concentrated in this area too. Zhongguancun Science Park is the largest software development and production center in China.

Zhongguancun Science Park in fact is composed of five science zones like Haidian Zone, Fengtai Zone, Changping Zone, the Electronic City Zone and Yizhuang Zone. Some ten thousand new and hi-tech enterprises, such as Legend, Stone, Founder, Zhongguancun Science and Technology, Tsinghua Tongfang, Netease, are all doing their business at Zhongguancun. In addition, there are some 1500 R&D centers and hi-tech companies set up by or invested by renowned overseas transnational companies like IBM, Microsoft, Mitsubishi in this area as well as 40 overseas listed companies. At present Zhongguancun has become the most important growth point in the economic development of the capital which makes a contribution of 60% of the total industrial growth of the city. The business income generated from the industry, trade and technology of Zhongguancun Science Park in accounted for 18% of the total income of all the 53 national new and hi-tech parks.

In June , the State Council of China officially approved the ”Note of Request to Expedite the Building of Zhongguancun Science Park for the Purpose of Implementing the Strategy of Rejuvenating the Country through Science and Education“ by the Beijing Municipal Government and the Ministry of Science and Technology and instructed the Beijing Municipal Government and the Ministry of Science and Technology to speed up the construction process of Zhongguancun Science Park in order to build it into a comprehensive reform trial base for implementing the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education and the two essential changes, a model base of international technical innovation with competitiveness, an incubator and radiating center for its scientific and technological achievements with its footing in the capital city of Beijing but facing the whole country and a base for training innovators and a first-class science park in the world. This is the most important trans-century decision made by the central government after its decisions of establishing the Shenzhen Special Zone in 1980s and opening up Shanghai's Pudong area in 1990s.

Beijing People's Municipal Government promulgated ”Regulations of the Zhongguancun Science Park“ on January 1, 2001, which provides the legal basis and guideline for its future development. The Park is now moving on at vigorous strides in promoting technology innovation in accordance with the principle of ”Bold innovation in the areas not banned by the law" with the ambition of achieving great changes every year and make the Park a first-rate science park in the world within 10 years.

Zhongguancun is indeed a place full of opportunities and challenges as well as bright hopes. All domestic and overseas companies and individuals are welcome to Zhongguancun for business development.

篇16：高二英语新教材Unit11单元教学设计(人教版高二英语上册教案教学设计)

浙江省文成中学 吴媛媛

一、教学分析

1、教材内容分析

本单元围绕“Scientific achievements”这一中心话题，从科学家、科学假说、科学理论、科学探索等方面设计听、说、读、写等一系列教学活动。“Warming up”部分设置了三个问题，要求学生就重要的科学成就进行讨论，从而帮助学生认识重要的科学成就，了解科学成就对社会发展、人类进步的重大贡献，同时激发学生热爱科学、投身于科学研究的热情，探索科学研究的方法。“Listening”部分设计了两道材料问题和一道开放性的情景话题。主要培养学生捕捉和筛选信息的能力，然后要求学生在一定语言输入后进行语言输出，旨在培养学生的想象能力和应用能力，通过自己的语言体会重大科学成就的意义。“Speaking”部分重点训练表达意图和愿望的日常交际用语，以五人小组的活动形式组织学生扮演科学家的角色，陈述各人的研究方向并阐明其重要性来申请科研经费。“Reading”部分为一篇介绍中关村的形成、发展及其重要意义的记叙文。通过对文章的理解，学习中关村人的创业精神。“Language study”部分由词汇和语法两部分组成，该部分不仅教授了四种构词法知识，更鼓励学生通过四项练习，运用构词法知识提高阅读能力。“Integrating skills”部分设计了一个阅读和写作的练习，在学生了解四大科技成就及其重要性后，要求学生略加扩充写一篇最伟大的科学成就的文章。“Tips”部分提出了说服性写作必须论点明确、论据充分，为写作提供了写作方法。

2、教学重点、难点:

本单元的重点在于借助“高科技成就”这一话题，学习、复习涉及这一话题的有关语言知识和语言技能（见教学目标），激发学生热爱科学、奋发图强、献身于科学的热情。

本单元的难点在于培养学生充分利用已有的英语知识表达自己，谈论科学家、科学成就、理想抱负。

二、教学目标

1、语言知识目标

1） 要求学生掌握必要的单词、词组和句型：solar, constitution, private, grasp…It’ likely that…, make it possible for sb to do sth…,etc.

2） 掌握一定量的表达“wishes and intentions”的交际功能用语。

3） 同时要求学生掌握本单元出现的构词法及一些常见的前缀后缀及词根的意义。

2、语言技能目标

通过本单元的内容培养学生良好的“听、说、读、写”的技能，使学生能运用所学的知识解决相关情景中的一些类似问题，并能结合所给任务，综合运用新旧知识解决问题，完成任务，在此基础上鼓励学生大胆地根据各自的语言基础与能力，有个性地解决问题，就科学成就提出独特的见解。

3、情感目标

1）激发学生并提高学习英语的兴趣， 乐于接受新鲜事物，勇于尝试：体现课堂教学“主体者”的身份，积极主动地参与教学各环节，成为学习的主人：具有个性，培养创造能力。

2）培养同学之间日常融洽相处的感情，乐于合作，善于合作的团体合作精神。

3）通过课文中出现的科学家及科学成就激励学生热爱科学、投身科学研究、探索科学研究的方法

三、教学策略

1）开放式教学策略。以有限的课堂为载体，带学生进入广阔的知识天地。

2）引趣激趣策略。创设多种情景（境）激发学生的兴趣，只有让学生真正有了参与的欲望，才能点燃他们的思维火花。

3)合作学习策略。合作学习强调通过师生、生生的多边互动进行人际交往、信息交流，能满足学生个体内部需要。

4)体验成功策略。使学生在特定的完成任务过程主动积极地获得和积累相应的学习经验，享受成功的喜悦，从而提高学习兴趣和成就动机。

四、学习策略

引导学生利用图书馆和网络资源进行一系列的自主学习、合作探究的学习策略。对于本单元鼓励学生课前收集科技成就、中关村和美国的硅谷的资料，上课时勤思考、主动参与课堂上的各种活动。

五、单元教学设计

依据《新课程标准》及对于学生教学目标的要求，课堂设计本着教学应“以人为本”的总的教学理念，课堂中充分利用网络资源、设计相应难度的任务，以增加教学的直观性和趣味性，提高教学效率。根据学生学习英语的特点和规律，学习阶段的侧重点，我把本单元划分六课时完成：听力、口语、阅读（2课时）、语言、写作、评价。

Period 1 Warming-up & listening

Goals: 1. Get the Ss to talk about what science and scientific achievements have affected the world to stimulate them to further efforts.

2. Cultivate the students’ ability of listening for information.

一、Warming up

Task 1.Greeting: Have a free chat with the Ss about their holidays to present the topic scientific achievements

Task 2. Match the scientists and their scientific achievements （group work）

Alexander Bell electricity

Thomas Edison the First telephone

the Wright Brothers‘ the electric Lamp

Madame Curie black holes in Universe

Franklin Theory of Gravity

Steven Hawking the First Plane

Elbert Einstein Radium

Isaac Newton the Theory of Relativity

Task 3. Talk about scientific achievements

1) How have the scientific achievements changed the world?

2) Which one do you think is the most important? Why?

3) What are some other scientific achievements that you think are important?

4) Do these achievements have anything in common? If so, what?

Task 4. Discussion (pair work)

Is this an easy job to achieve success in science research? What makes a scientist?

二、Pre-listening

Task Get to know Neil Armstrong, Alexander Gramham Bell, Ray Tomlinson and Armchimedes.

三、Listening

Task 1. Listen to part 1 and complete the chart below.

Words Speaker Achievement

“That’s one small step for a man , one giant leap for mankind Neil Armstrong

“Mr Watson, ______________;

I want you.” Alexander Graham Bell

“QWERTYUIOP” Ray Tomlinson

Can you explain Tomlinson’s message?

Task 2 .Listen to part 2 and complete the sentence below.

1.The word “ “ are famous because they are the

of The Constitution of the United States of America.

2.Eureka is a word from the language and means

3.If you ask a father, he might say : “ “

If you ask a mother, she might say : “ “

四、Post-listening (group work)

Language input: As what you have heard just now, some words become famous not because they are beautiful or wise but because they are spoken when a great new scientific achievement is being announced or made. If you are lucky enough to be the first person…., what would you say?

Task: Choose one situation and then share with your partners.

A the first person on Mars

B the first cloned human being

C the first person to travel in time

五、Homework

1 Listen to the tape, finish the listening part on WB (p81).

2 Preview the reading passage.

Period Two Speaking

Goals:1.Learn and master the useful expressions

2.Train the students’ listening and speaking abilities.

3.Talk about scientists and scientific achievement, urging the students to further understand the significant of science and scientific achievement and encouraging them to work hard at their lessons.

一、Pre-task

Another new year began. Have you got any wishes/ plans? What are they? With your plan made, what intentions have you got? In this way the following expressions are aroused.

Useful expressions

If I got the money, I would…

My plan is to…..

I hope that…

I would rather….

How I wish… I want / wish/ hope / intend/ plan to…

I’d like to…

I’m thinking of…

I’m going to….

I have decided to…

二、Speaking (group work)

Situation: Four scientists ,each of whom is working on an important project, want to get money to complete their project. Each scientist will introduce his or her project and explain why it is the most important. The organizer will listen to all the scientists and ask questions. At the end of the discussion, he or she must decide who will get the money and why.

Dr Wilson

You and your team are working on a cure for AIDS. Your research is extremely important because . Dr Jones

Your research project is about cloning and how to use the new technology to cure diseases. Your project is important because .

Dr Smith

You want to development new technology that will make it possible to grow food in areas where there is very little water. This is important because . Dr Winfrey

You are working on sending a manned spaceship to Mars. This is a very important project because .

三、Post task

1.Just now you did a very good job in acting as a scientist. Do you want to be a scientist? If so, which field are you interested in? If not, what do you want to be? Use the expressions of wishes and intentions to talk about your dream.

2. Imagine you are a reporter who is going to report the space hero about his wishes and intentions. Take turns acting as interviewer and interviewee.

四、Homework

1. Interview your parents about their wishes and intentions using the expressions we learent.

2. Preview the reading passage.

Period 3&4 Reading

Goals: 1.Learn and master the following words and phrases. likely, private, master, perfect, arrange, set foot (in), rely on, failure, locate, valley.

2.Train the Ss’ reading ability.(Read for general information and detailed information.)

3.Get the Ss to learn about Zhongguancun--China’s Silicon Valley.

一、Pre-reading

1.Are scientific achievements important? How do they improve our daily life? How do they improve society?

2.Why do scientists spend so much time trying to achieve something?

3.As is known to us, scientific achievements can not only make our life better, but also promote the development of mankind and society. So I want to run a hi-tech company, what should I arrange for? What kind of support and environment would I need?

4.What if I set up my company in Zhongguancun ? How much do you know about Zhongguancun?

5.Do you know the sign “Lenovo”? Where is it located?

二、While-reading

1. Fast reading

Task: Read the text quickly and try to find information about Zhongguancun to finish the chart below.

Item Zhongguancun

Locating

Brief history

Spirit/culture

Educational institutions

Hi-tech companies

2、Careful reading

Task 1 : Get to know the outline of the text

1.Does this article have a topic sentence? What is it?

2.What are the supporting ideas?

be home to

Zhongguancun: Center be home to

be home to

Task 2: Get to know detailed information

1.Why did Xiang Yufang study abroad and work abroad for a few years？

2.What made it possible for Xiang Yufang to return to China?

3.How does Zhongguancun affect business?

4..What are the two mottos mentioned in the text for the park?

三、Listening & Questions

Task: Listen to the tape and finish the True or Fasle.

1. Zhongguancun is the new center for Chinese science and education

2. Within the next ten years, more than a hundred scientific and hi-tech companies moved into Zhongguancun.

3. Xiang Yufang studied abroad because he felt comfortable abroad.

4. More than 8,000 hi-tech companies in Zhongguancun. More than half of them are IT companies.

5. Zhongguancun park is home to Lenovo and Founder and more than 20 famous national companies.

6. The researchers and scientists know that the spirit and creativity they represent are no more than money.

四、Post-reading

Choose the correct answers. There may be more than one correct answer.

1.According to the author, Zhongguancun is home to .

A. some famous research institutes and universities B. many IT companies

C. more and more returned overseas Chinese D. a number of science parks.

2.What is NOT true about Zhongguancun?

A. It is located in Haidian District, in northwestern Beijing.

B.It was set up as a special economic zone in the 1990s.

C. Most of its companies are doing IT business.

D. It is not a good place for new companies.

3.According to the reading, Xiang Yufang returned to China and opened a company in Zhongguancun because .

A. he wanted to see more of the world

B. he enjoyed working with the best scientists in his field

C. he could enjoy his work and contribute to his country at the same time

D. he missed his friends and family

4.According to the graph in the passage, how many of the people who work in Zhongguancun have a master’s degree or above?

A. 25,000 B. 30,000 C. 35,000 D. 180,000

5.How is ‘failure” understood in Zhonguancun?

A. There are fewer failure in Zhongguancun

B. Many of its researchers and scientists will try hard not to fail.

C. Failure is a necessary part of being successful.

D. The best thing about failure is that you learn every time you fail.

五、Discussion (group work)

Language input: In this class, we’ve learned more about Zhongguancun by reading the passage. As a new center of science and technology, it is known to the world. It is sometimes called “China’s Silicon Valley”. Do you know “Silicon Valley”? Where is it? When was it set up? Why was it set up?

Task: Work in groups of four to compare these two science parks and find out in which ways they are similar and different. You can refer to the following chart.

Hi-tech Park Silicon Valley Zhongguancun

When was it established?

Why was it established?

Where is it?

What kinds of companies are located there?

What are some famous companies?

Why do people want to work there?

六、Homework

1. Pick out some sentences you enjoy most, & try to recite them as possible as you can .

2. Consult the following websites.

www.zgc.gov.cn/

www.siliconvalley.com/mld/siliconvalley/

Period 5 Language Study

Goals: 1.Learn some words which are the closest in meaning.

2.Study the ways of forming a word.

3.Study the meaning of some affixes and stems.

一、Revision.

Task . Introduce Zhongguancun

二、Word study

Task 1. Use the clues below to guess the words

1.the opposite of “public” 2.a synonym of “depend”

3.the lowest or bottom part 4.of the sun

5.an organization for educational or research purpose.

6.unusually large person, animal, plant.

7.area or region with a particular feature or use.

8.without any fault or bad points.

Task 2. Choose the answer that is closest in meaning to the underlined part of each sentence.(P5)

三、Presentation

Task: Study the words on the screen and find out the ways of forming a word. (class work)

International=inter + national telephone= tele + phone

Mankind=man + kind broadband=broad + band

Extremely=extreme + ly manned=man + ed

Hi-tech=high + technology e-mail=electronic mail

IT=information + technology CSA=Chinese Space Agency

affixation: international, telephone, extremely, manned

Compounding: mankind, broadband

clipping: hi-tech, e-mail

abbreviation: IT, CSA

四、Practice

Task 1. Finish the Exx2-4 to understand how the words are formed.(P6)

Task 2. Get to know the meaning of stems and affixes. (pair work)

. Look at the stems and affixes on the screen. Match each of them with the right meaning on the right.

Trans- carry

-graph see

tele- below

super- life

co- together/with

vis- more than usual

bio- far

sub- across

-port writing

Task 3. Word formation makes it easy for the Ss to guess the meaning of words using

context clues.

Use context clues and what you know about word parts to guess the meaning of the underlined words.

a.Many countries import most of the oil they use.

b.He studied biophysics at college.

c.It is very important to learn how to cooperate with others.

d.All you luggage will be transported to the destination by train.

e.My cousin has an excellent voice. Her dream is to become a superstar.

五、Consolidation

Read the news article and tell how the words in bold are formed (pair work)

Homework:

1. Finish off the exercises on the workbook.(p83-84.

2. Preview integrating skills

Period 6 Integrating Skills

Goals: 1.Learn and master the new words and phrases

2.Train the Ss’ integrating skills, especially reading and writing skills.

一、Revision

1. Ask the Ss to find some examples for each way of forming a word?

2. Guess some new words with the help of word formation.

a. The average output of the factory is 20 cars a day.

b. She has written good essays before, but this one is substandard.

c. He is a kind of intellectual superman.

d. The lack of a common language made it very difficult to intercommunicate .

e. Transplant the seedlings into peaty soil.

3.Lead in: Human beings are creative, and many scientific achievements have been made in our history. What great inventions do you know in China’s history? What red hot achievements do you know?

二、Fast reading

1. What plan has helped Chinese scientists make many breakthroughs?

2. Which scientific fields are mentioned in the text?

三、Careful reading (group work)

Work in groups of four . Use what you have learnt from the text to complete the chart below.

Field Achievements Importance

Exploring space

Genetic research

Computer engineering

Medical science

四、Writing

1. Which words in the text can we use to describe scientific achievement?

2. Situation: Do you know Modern Science? They are thinking of writing an essay about the greatest scientific achievement but they find it difficult to decide . Write a short essay in about 150 words, telling them which achievement you have chosen and explaining why you think so. The following outline may be helpful to you.

Introduction: state your view

Outline body : give your reasons (at least 2)

Conclusion: summary

五、Self-Assessment

Using the assessing part on P.87, Ss are helped to review what they have learned or done in this unit learning. In this way they can learn to reflect and pay attention to their weak points in the later learning (the evaluation items can be adapted if appropriate).

教学反思

本单元的教学设计从学生实际出发，以科技成就为主线设计了若干情景与活动，旨在让学生积极参与学习活动，开口说英语，并使学生在轻松愉快的氛围中掌握语言知识，锻炼阅读理解能力。在教学实践中笔者体会到，教学应注意以下几点：：

1． 学生在合作中学习更有助于提高学生学习的积极性，以及课堂参与的积极性。所以应当发挥小组功能，在合作中操练。小组活动是课堂活动的主要形式，如何落实小组中各个学生的角色是组织好小组活动的关键。这需要教师长期的训练。

2．设计活动时要充分考虑学生的情感态度，要设法让学生在快乐中学习。但教师不能片面地追求所谓的“快乐”，一味强调课堂气氛的活跃，而忽视学生对知识的掌握和对学生能力的培养。

3．信息技术的运用要为教学服务，不可喧宾夺主。在教学过程与信息技术的整合过程中，教师应注意信息技术只是一种辅助手段，不能由它控制全部流程。同时也应有效地利用这种手段，加快课堂节奏，增加课堂容量，提高课堂教学效率，使课堂气氛更加活跃，让学生在轻松愉快的环境中得到感情上的升华。

4．要处理好实践与反思的关系。反思是实践的一面镜子，能折射出实践中的成功和不足之处，以期在以后的教学中借鉴成功，改进不足。

篇17：高二下20单元单词讲解(人教版高二英语下册教案教学设计)

Unit 20 Words and expressions

1. curiosity n. 好奇（心）；古玩

be ~ about sb’s past对某人的过去好奇

excite /satisfy one’s curiosity

激起/满足某人的好奇心

He did it out of curiosity他那样做是出于好奇。

It is ~ that she didn’t remember the incident.

奇怪，她竟不记得那事了。

2. decoration n .装饰；装潢; 奖章

put up decorations 挂起装饰物

interior decoration 室内装潢

award/receive a decoration 授予/获得奖章

3. unearth vt. (从地下)发掘；揭露

unearth buried treasure 发掘埋在地下的宝藏

unearth a plot 揭露一个阴谋

4. spear n. 矛；枪；梭镖

throw a spear at 向…掷矛

5. pot n. 罐；锅；壶

a pepper pot 胡椒瓶

wash up pots and pans擦洗炊具

6. emperor n. 皇帝 (empress n. 女皇)

Even the emperor has his poor relatives.

皇帝也有草鞋亲。

7. pin n.（大头）针 ；别针；木棍

vt. 钉住，使固定，使不能动

a drawing pin图钉 a rolling pin 擀面杖

In the accident \he was ~ned under the car.

在这次事故中他被压在车下，动弹不得。

I ~ my hopes on him. 我对他抱有信心。

The map was ~ned up 那幅地图被钉在墙上。

8. clothing n.（总称）衣服；服装

put on/take off clothing穿上/脱下衣服

summer clothing 夏装

tailor-made clothing 定做的衣服

ready-to-wear clothing现成的衣服

an article of clothing 一件衣服

9. earring n.耳环

a pair of earrings 一副耳环

wear a ring 戴戒指

10. distinction n. 差别；对比；杰出

make a distinction区分；分清

an artist of distinction杰出的艺术家

11. centimeter n.厘米(cm)

1 kilometer=1000meters

1meter=100centimeters

12. clay n.粘土；泥土

a mass of clay.一堆泥土

Make clay into bricks.把泥土制成砖块

13. arrow n. 箭

Bow and arrow弓和箭

Guard against a hidden arrow.谨防暗箭。

The arrow found its mark.箭射中了目标.

14. dozen n. （一）打；十二个

(与数词或many, several等连用时,不加s )

two (many, several) dozen pencils

两(好多,几)打铅笔

dozens of 几十,许多

for dozens of years 好几十年以来

pack in dozens 成打地包装

sell by the dozen 论打出售

15. cushion n. 垫石；垫子；坐垫

vt. 缓和...的冲击

air cushion气垫

kneel on the cushion跪在跪垫上

Snow cushioned my fall.

因为下面是雪,所以我跌得不重。

16. weapon n.武器

chemical /chemical weapon化学/核武器

a weapon of defense防御武器，

test a new weapon试验一件新武器

carry weapons 携带武器

17. pottery n.（总称）陶器

Chinese pottery中国陶器

A potter is making pottery by hand.

陶器匠正用手做陶器.

18. spare adj.备用的；额外的; 多余的

v.节约, 节省, 不伤害, 宽恕

a spare tire 备用轮胎

What would you like doing in your spare time?

在闲暇的时候,你喜欢干什么？

Can you spare me just a few minutes

He doesn't spare himself.他律己甚严。

I have several spare ticket.我还富余几张票。

Please spare me my life. 请饶我一命。

spare no efforts 不遗余力

Spare the rod and spoil the child.

[谚]孩子不打不成器。

19. tend vi倾向；趋向; vt.照顾

tend to 朝某方向；趋于;往往会

I (tend to) prefer black tea.我一贯喜欢红茶。

Women tend to live longer than men.

女人往往比男人活得长

The injured were well ~ ed in the hospital.

20. approximately adv.近乎；接近

He is~ forty years old.他快四十岁了。

21. average n.平均（数）

adj.平均的；普通的 vt.平均达到,平均做到

An average of two students are absent each day. 每天平均有两个学生缺席。

He averaged nine hours' work a day.

他平均每天工作九小时。

on(an/the) average平均

above (the) average在平均水平以上

below(the) average 在平均水平以下

22. link n.环；关系；联系vt.连接；联系

key /weak link中心/薄弱环节

establish a ~ between the two countries

在两国间建立联系

~ up theory with practice把理论和实践联系起来

The road links all the new towns.

这条公路连接所有的新城镇。

23. monument n. 纪念碑;纪念物

The monument to the People's Heroes.

人民英雄纪念碑。

His actions are a monument to foolishness.

他的行为是愚蠢的典型例子。

24. homeland n.祖国；国家

We study for our homeland.我们为祖国学习。

25. in terms of用...来; 考虑到; 就…而言;

~ money, he's quite rich, but not ~ happiness.

就钱来说他很富有,但就幸福来说就不然了。

~ technical development就科技发展来讲

26. Payment is made in terms of cash用现金支付status n.地位；身份; 状况

What's your official status in the company?

你在公司里的正式职位是什麽?

Women have very little status in many countries.

在许多国家, 妇女没有什麽地位.

family/ social status家庭状况/社会地位

27. in the eyes of 在…看来

In the eyes of my parents, I'm forever a child.

在我父母的心目中,我永远是个孩子。

28. remote adj.偏远的；久远的；

in a remote village在一个偏僻的村庄里

in the remote past在久远的过去

Go to the ~ mountain areas到偏僻的山区去

29. distant adj.遥远的; 冷淡的,

The sun is distant from the earth.

太阳距地球很遥远。

She's always very distant with Ann.

她对安妮总是很冷淡。

30. lend a hand 帮助

Please ~ with my book.请帮我拿一下书。

31. site n. 遗址;地方 Banpo Site半坡遗址

32. quantity n.量； 数量

a quantity of +单/复数谓语

quantities of +复数谓语

There is a large quantity of milk.

A quantity of baskets were on sale.

Quantities of food/books were on the table

33. serve as 作为；当作

serve as a teacher 教课；担任教师工作

These views serve as a guide in life.

这些观点可以作为处世指南。

34. mask n.面具

Painting mask脸谱; a gas mask.防毒面具

35. dig up 挖出；掘起; 发现

dig up potatoes挖土豆

36. accompany vt.陪伴；陪同

I accompany you home.我陪你回家。

37. vast adj.巨大的；庞大的

vast plains广袤的草原。画

He has a vast appetite.他胃囗很大。

38. square adj.平方的；正方形的

n. 正方形; 广场 【数】平方,

city square城市广场 draw a square画正方形

64 is the square of 8.六十四是八的平方。

39. investigation n.调查研究

general investigation普查

The ~ into the accident was carried out by two policemen.两名警察对这一事故展开调查。

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