人教版高二下unit18单元教学设计
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篇1：人教版高二下unit18单元教学设计
Young Scientist of the Year
Congratulations to 16-year-old Adnan Osmani from St Finians College, Mulllingar, Co Westmeath who is the winner of the 2003 EsatBT Young Scientist and Technology competition.His winning entry incorporates a new type of browser for speeding up internet usage by 400%. The project, labelled 'The Graphical Technological and User-friendly Advancement of the Internet Browser: 揦WEBS is? says Adnan 搕he most feature-packed web browser the world has ever seen.?It will allow users to load up even the heaviest of websites in less than 18 seconds, something which the schoolboy says is up to four times faster than any existing internet explorer. The project impressed the judges with its comprehensive range of features which includes an animated character using human speech to read out web pages. The judges described his achievement and depth of knowledge as 'far in advance of his years' and tipped 16-year-old Adnan Osmani to take over from Bill Gates as the world's computer whiz kid.Already a number of major computer companies have expressed an interest in the teenager's invention. More than 1,000 students had taken part in the competition and out of 910 entries, 477 projects made it through to the final round. Minister for Education and Science Noel Dempsey and Tom Byrne, of ESAT-BT, presented Adnan with a cheque for ?,000, a Waterford Crystal trophy and the opportunity to represent Ireland at the European Union Contest for Young Scientists taking place in Budapest in September 2003.Additional awards presented included Best Group Winners Cathal Mullin, Eimear Smith and Liam O'Kane from St Patrick's CoEd Comprehensive, Derry; individual runner-up went to Mairead McCloskey, Loretto College, Derry. For more information, visit the EsatBY Young Scientist and Technology Exbihition 2003 website: www.esatbtyoungscientist.com
www.esatbtyoungscientist.com/at_the_exhibition.html
Announcing the new Built-in Orderly Organized Knowledge device
or BOOK
The BOOK is a revolutionary breakthrough in technology: no wires, no electric circuits, no batteries, nothing to be connected or switched on. It's so easy to use even a child can operate it. Just lift its cover!
?Compact and portable, it can be used anywhere -- even sitting in an armchair by the fire -- yet it is powerful enough to hold as much information as a CD-ROM disc.
Here's how it works:
Each BOOK is constructed of sequentially numbered sheets of paper (recyclable), each capable of holding thousands of bits of information. These pages are locked together with a custom-fit device called a binder which keeps the sheets in their correct sequence. Opaque Paper Technology (OPT) allows manufacturers to use both sides of the sheet, doubling the information density and cutting costs in half.
Experts are divided on the prospects for further increases in information density; for now BOOKs with more information simply use more pages. This makes them thicker and harder to carry, and has drawn some criticism from the mobile computing crowd.
Each sheet is scanned optically, registering information directly into your brain. A flick of the finger takes you to the next sheet.
The BOOK may be taken up at any time and used by merely opening it. The BOOK never crashes and never needs rebooting, though like other display devices it can become unusable if dropped overboard. The “browse” feature allows you to move instantly to any sheet, and move forward or backward as you wish.
Many come with an “index” feature, which pinpoints the exact location of any selected information for instant retrieval.
An optional BOOK mark accessory allows you to open the BOOK to the exact place you left it in a previous session, even if the BOOK has been closed. BOOK marks fit universal design standards; thus, a single BOOK mark can be used in BOOKs by various manufacturers. Conversely, numerous BOOK marks can be used in a single BOOK if the user wants to store numerous views at once. The number is limited only by the number of pages in the BOOK. (BOOK marks can be purchased commercially in a wide variety of styles, or easily created at home from readily available materials by the BOOK user.)
You can also make personal notes next to BOOK text entries with optional programming tools: Portable Erasable Nib Cryptic Intercommunication Language Stylus (PENCILS).
Portable, durable, and affordable, the BOOK is being hailed as the entertainment and information communication wave of the future. The BOOK's appeal seems so certain that thousands of content creators have committed to the platform. Look for a flood of new titles soon.
篇2：3B Unit18(人教版高三英语教案教学设计)
Aims and demands:
通过本单元教学，学生能熟练地运用“打电话”的常用语；复习第13~17单元的语法项目；了解办公设备现代化和有关放火安全的知识。
Importance and difficulty:
1. words and expressions:
rush sb. off his feet, change, action, repair, work on, fix up
2. important sentences:
A. It is better to ask for help at the beginning rather than to wait until a busy period when everyone is rushed off their feet.
B. What is more, this “information line” operates 24 hours a day.
C. It did not take the firefighters long to pot out the fire, and they at once started to look for causes of the fire.
D. They had to work inside the ship, cutting away old metal, fixing new metal plate, drilling holes, laying electrical and phone wires and fixing new pipes for water and steam.
3. Grammar: review –ing form, to do form and predicative
4. Useful expressions:
A. May I speak to …?
B. Hello. Who’s that speaking?
C. I called to tell you…..
D. Hold on, please.
E. Wait a moment.
F. Can I take ( leave ) a message?
Lesson 69 The office
Aims and demands:
Develop the Ss’ reading ability
Importance and difficulty: Have a deeper understanding of the text.
Teaching aid: tape recorder and some slides
Teaching methods: reading, speaking
Teaching procedure:
Step 1. Riddle
I can store and recall as much information as possible, and I can work at a very high speed. In modern times, you can’t work without me. What am I? ( computer )
Step 2. Warming up
T: Where can you find computer?
S: They are mostly found in offices……
T: What else may you expect find in a large modern office?
( write these words on the blackboard and read after the teacher)
the office
fax machine
photocopier
word processor
answering machine
choose the right title for each section
Step 3. Deal with the text
T: What is the fax machine? How does it work?
S: When you place a sheet of paper in a fax machine, the machine “reads” the writing on the page and changes the shapes of letters into electronic signals. It then sends these signals down an ordinary telephone line to another fax machine, which changes the signals back into the shapes of letters.
T: What are the advantages of sending a fax?
Ss: Speed. You can send texts, pictures, diagrams, designs maps and so on .
T: What are the disadvantages of sending a fax?
Ss: It is expensive and not private. ( it can be read by anyone)
T: What is the photocopier? How does it work?
Ss: It can copy a long report and sort the copies and pin them together.
T: What can modern photocopying machines do?
Ss: Modern machines can make the copy bigger or smaller , lighter or darker and copy onto both sides of the paper.
T: What is the word processor? How many parts is the word processor made up of?
Ss: It is made up of three parts . ( a typewriter keyboard, a printer and a computer )
T: What are the advantages of a word processor?
Ss: You can make changes easily and can print a report very quickly.
T: What is the answering machine?
Ss: It is a telephone with a tape recorder.
T: What are the advantage of an answering machine?
Ss: It can receive messages when no one is in the office and can give information.
Step 4. Listening for general understanding
Listen to the tape and write down the headings above the right sections of the text.
Step 5. Comprehension
1. Work book on Page 93
2. Paper comprehension
Homework
Comprehension exercise for Unit 18 Lesson 69 (3B)
I. Main facts: DBAC
Read fast to get a general idea of the passage and fill in the following blanks with one of the four choices below.
A. The word processor
B. The fax machine
C. The answering machine
D. The photocopier
1. ____ is a type of machine used to make copies from newspapers, books or reports.
2. ____ is used to send messages including words , pictures, designs and maps.
3. ____ is a kind of machine used to type materials, save them for future use and make changes if necessary.
4. ____ is used to record telephone messages when the receiver is absent.
II. Further comprehension CCADC DBBD
1. Which is WRRONG about learning to use office equipment?
A. It can make the work in offices go smoothly .
B. It is necessary for beginners in offices.
C. It should be learnt during a busy period.
D. It may help you to get a promotion (普升机会).
2. Which is correct about sending a fax?
A. It can be done only during working hours.
B. Sometimes it might take a week or so.
C. It isn’t a good choice to send top-secret information by fax machine.
D. Reports in English cannot be faxed.
3. A word processor ____.
A. can type a long report and make changes
B. can produce colour copies when necessary
C. can send information both at home and abroad
D. includes a keyboard, a photocopier and a computer
4. ____ can be used to answer a phone call automatically (自动地) when you are out.
A. The photocopier B. The fax machine
C. The word processor D. The answering machine
5. What is one disadvantage of sending a fax?
A. We can send a fax only in the office hours.
B. Message sent by a fax are hard to read.
C. We cannot send secret information through a fax machine.
D. Foreigners cannot understand Chinese letters sent by a fax.
6. What can’t a word processor do?
A. Typing a letter.
B. Printing documents.
C. Coping a on report.
D. Sending picture.
7. What does “be rushed off one’s feet” mean in paragraph 1?
A. be on business B. be busy and tired
C. be tired out D. run out of the office
8. The writer says “The fax has greatly changed office work, especially in China.” Because ____.
A. it can send information quickly
B. it is much easier to change Chinese characters into electronic signals
C. it can do a lot of work for the Chinese people such as making copies, posting letters
D. it makes office work easy to do
9.“The fax has greatly changed office work,especially in China.” The underlined word means ____.
A. properly B. immediately
C. slightly D. particularly
Lesson 70 What causes the fire
Aims and demands:
Aims and demands:
Develop the Ss’ reading ability
Importance and difficulty: Have a deeper understanding of the text.
Teaching aid: tape recorder and some slides
Teaching methods: reading, speaking
Teaching procedure:
Step 1. Presentation
Talk about the picture
T: What may cause a fire?
---- smoking, playing with fire ……
T: What is often used to put out the fire?
---- Water, CO……
T: What kind of gas do we breathe?
( Name some of the gases in the air we breathe. )
---- Oxygen, hydrogen……
People may be in danger if there is not enough oxygen. But too much oxygen may cause danger to people , too.
Step 2. Reading for general understanding
Read the text and find out :
1. Where did the fire happen?
----- In a ship which was in a port in Scotland for repairs.
2. What started the fire?
----- A worker fixed the air-line to a supply of oxygen instead of compressed air.
Step 3. Problem solving
See which pair of Ss can find out the correct answer before the others.
---- The man actually connected the air-line to the oxygen supply line.
Step 4. Comprehension
1. put these events in the correct order
9-12-6-13-1-4-11-8-3-10-14-7-5-2
2. workbook Ex I
3.reading comprehension
Comprehension for Unit 18 Lesson 70 (3B) BDBCD ACAB
1. An extra team of men were sent to repair the ship because ___.
A. this ship was a huge ship
B. this ship needed to be repaired quickly
C. they were skilled workers
D. there was a lot of work to do
2. The man took a long time to connect the rubber pipe to the air supply pipe because ___.
A. he smoked a cigarette during the working hours
B. he had to drill holes and lay electrical wires first
C. he found something strange in the air and stopped to have a check
D. the fittings did not match
3. There was a strange smell when one man lit a cigarette because ___.
A. the cigarette had the smell itself
B. the smell was caused by the oxygen
C. there was something wrong with the man’s nose
D. the ship was beginning to burn
4. Which of the following is true?
A. The fire caused great damage to the ship.
B. There was an explosion happened inside the ship.
C. No damage was done to the deck at the end of the ship.
D. The fuel on ship caused the fire.
5. What measures were taken to prevent a fire accident?
A. Talks on safety were given to new workers.
B. Smoking was not allowed in the workplace.
C. All the supply lines and taps were marked with signs and warnings.
D. Both A and C.
6. In the ship the “air-line” provides ____.
A. compressed air B. water and steam
C. fuel and gas D. fresh air
7. When the fire broke out, ____.
A. some men sounded the fire alarm
B. all the men jumped into the sea
C. most of the men managed to escape
D. they fought against the fire
8. The men’s cigarettes burned strangely and tasted bad because ____ .
A. there was too much oxygen inside
B. something was wrong with the cigarettes
C. oxygen had a strong smell
D. lots of compressed air was inside
9. What was the real cause of the fire?
A. The third person struck a match for a cigarette.
B. The air-line was fixed to a supply line of oxygen instead of compressed air.
C. Too many workers smoked in the ship.
D. The fittings the workers had used to repair the ship didn’t match.
4. slides
Rearrange the following events ( Lesson 70 )
a. It took him some time to connect the long rubber pipe to the air supply pipe that ran round the port, but at last it was done and as a result work was able to progress much faster.
b. Half an hour later, another man struck a match for a cigarette and this time the whole of the inside of the ship caught fire.
c. They had to work inside the ship.
d. A navy ship was in a port in Scotland for repairs.
e. It was important to carry out the work quickly, so an extra team of men were asked to work on the repairs one evening.
f. Another man lit a cigarette but it burnt strangely and so he too put it out.
g. One man was told to fix up an “air-line” to provide compressed air for the machines they were using.
h. After three hours, the men stopped for a meal break. When work continued, one man lit a cigarette as he was working, but, finding it had a strange taste, he put it out.
d-e-c-g-a-h-f-b
Step 5. practice ----- Ex 2
Homework
Lesson 69~70
Translate the following sentences (Lesson 69~70)
1． 一旦他作出决定就不会改变。
Once she made the decision, she wouldn’t change her mind.
2． 我到过那儿一次。
I have been there once.
3． 这是她父亲曾经工作过的地方。
This is the place where her father once worked.
4． 该去的是約翰而不是杰克。
John should go rather than Jack.
5． 这些鞋子穿起来很舒服，但并不漂亮。
These shoes are comfortable rather than pretty.
I love swimming rather than skating.
I decided to write rather than ( to ) telephone.
We ought to check up, rather than just accept what he says / accepting what he says.
6． 与其让这些蔬菜烂掉，他宁愿以一半的价格把他们卖掉。
Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad, he sold them at half price.
Would / had rather do sth than do…
Would / had rather sb. did…
I would rather you knew that now than afterwards.
7． 他们播种忙得个不可开交。( rush sb. off one’s feet )
They are rushed off their feet with the sowing.
8． 没有必要对这个计划作出修改。
It is not necessary to make any changes in the plan.
9． 我觉得是我该采取行动的时候了。
I felt it ( was ) time for me to take ( an ) action.
10． 我没有去看望王先生，因为那天下大雨. 再说，我身边也没有他的地址。
I didn’t go to see Mr. Smith , because it was raining hard. What’s more, I didn’t have his address.
11． 中国有许多人正在从事一项“希望工程”，帮助穷苦孩子们上学。
Many people in China are working on a “Project Hope” , helping poor children to go to school.
12． 他在致力于发明一种办公用的新式机器。
He is working on inventing a new type of machine for office work.
13． 他不得不工作到六十多岁。
He has to work on until he was sixty.
14． 政府给无家可归的人提供食宿。
The government provided food and shelter for those who were homeless / the homeless.
The government supplied (provide ) the homeless with food and shelter.
15． 他们在忙着安装电灯。
They are busy fixing up the lights.
Translate:
A. He fixed up the broken chair. 修理
B. I can easily fix you up for the night. 给…... 安排住处
C. We have fixed up a date for the picnic. 确定
D. I’ve fixed up a visit to the theater for next Friday. 安排
E. Do I have to fix up to go to the party. 打扮
16． 花了我一整天的时间修理这台彩电。
It took me a whole day to fix up the colour TV set.
17． 你应该争取尽快赶到那儿。
You should try to get there as soon as you can.
You should try to get there as soon as possible.
18． 许多人逃出大火着火了。
Many people escaped from the big fire, with their clothes on fire.
19． 老师走进教室，手里拿着一本书。
The teacher came into the classroom, with a book in his hand.
( book in hand )
20． 她似乎（已经）听到了这件事。
She appeared / seemed to have heard about it already.
It seemed / appeared that she had already heard about it.
21． 房子烧了，准是有什么原因。
The house was burned down. There must have been some cause.
22． 这婴孩昨夜哭个不停，他准是得了病。
The baby kept crying last night . He must have been ill.
篇3：unit18整单元教案(人教版高一英语下册教案教学设计)
----- designed by Ju Weiyan
Gangdu Middle School
I. Teaching Goals
1. Talk about New Zealand
2. Talk about location and direction
3. Learn to use “It” as Subject
4. Write a description of a country or a region
II. Target Language
1. Daily Expressions in Communication : Space (Location & Direction)
It is to the east/west/south/north of…
It is in the east/west/south/north of…
It is on the east/west/south/north of…
It is in the eastern/western/southern/northern part of…
It is in/to the northeastern/northwestern/southeastern/southwestern Sichuan.
The East China Sea lies to the east of Zhejiang Province.
Hainan Island lies to the south of Guangdong Province.
He is from Weihai, a city in northeastern Shandong.
Weihai lies about 90 kilometers east of Yantai.
Wellington ,the capital city, lies on the North Island
2. Vocabulary
1) fisherman, great-grandfather, northeastern, great-grandmother, central, coast, surround, mild, bay, harbour, volcano, spring, heat, surface, rat, settle, settler, mainly, voyage, possession, bold, paragraph, grassland, mountainous, surprising, secretary, refer, percent, wedding, conference, relation, agricultural, cattle, export, lamb, ship, sail, cottage, seaside ,
camp,despite -----(four-skill words)
2) Winfield, Tasman Sea, Wellington, Auckland, Christchurch, Queenstown, subtropical, landscape, kiwi, Maori, Aotearoa, Polynesia, Dutchman, Abel Tasman, heading, location, grassy, rocky, sandy, hilly, marae, burial, region, ethnic ------(three-skill words)
3) in relation to, on your father’s side, take possession of, make up, go sailing, go camping, refer to, off the coast, be famous for, more than, stay with, turn to, of high quality, known to, honour sb. for sth. --------(expressions)
3. Grammar ------ The use of “It” as Subject
“It” can be used in the subject position to stand for the infinitive or a clause.
1) It is interesting to visit New Zealand.
2) It is too bad that you missed the train.
Impersonal “It” can be used to talk about time , date, distance or weather.
3) It rains a lot in New Zealand.
4) It is some 3,500 kilometers from Polynesia to New Zealand.
5) It was getting dark.
6) It is April 1st today.
4. Key sentences
1) New Zealand is an island that lies off …P38
2) It is made up of two large islands: … P38
3) It is about the same size as Japan. P38
4) The North Island is famous for…P38
5) New Zealand has a population of about…P41
6) Since the mid-1980s growing numbers of Asians…P41
7) New Zealand wine is of high quality…P42
8) Despite the fact that New Zealand is so far away, ties have existed …P104
9) He came to China in the 1920s and first worked in Shanghai where he worked on creating better working conditions in factories. P104
10) In 1977 the Chinese government honoured him for his work helping the Chinese people for more than 50 years. P104
III . Teaching Time:
Five periods
Period I
Teaching Aims:
1. Learn to describe location and direction.
2. Do some listening practice.
3. Improve the students’ speaking ability by talking.
Teaching Important Points:
1. Train the students’ listening ability.
2. Master the expressions describing location and direction.
Teaching Difficult Points:
1. How to improve the students’ listening ability.
2. How to finish the task of speaking.
Teaching Methods:
1. Listening-and-choice activity to help the students go through with the listening material.
2. Individual, pair or group work to make every student work in class.
Teaching Aids:
1. a tape recorder
2. a computer
Teaching Procedures:
Step I . Lead-in
Show a map of China on the screen and get the students to tell the locations of the regions on the map. Show the following notes on the screen.
There are 23 provinces, 5 autonomous regions,4 municipalities, and 2 special administrative regions in China. Some Chinese provinces have an English name. They are Inner Mongolia(Neimengu), and Tibet(Xizang). Other English names were: Peking, Canton ( both Guangdong and Guangzhou) and Amoy(xiamen). But these English names are no longer used.
Step II. Warming Up
Let the students look at the map of China with countries, seas, islands beyond China. Show the students the names of the countries neighbouring China as well as their directions in relation to China. And then get the students to describe the locations of them. Do the same with seas, islands beyond China. Show the following notes on the screen when the students describe the positions of the islands.
The English phrasal verb “ lie off ” is only used to say that a smaller island lies off the coast of a mainland. We can say that Taiwan lies off the coast of China or Fujian but we cannot say that China lies off the coast of Taiwan.
Show the students a map of the world on the screen and get them to find out at least five islands on it and describe where they are.
Step III . Listening
P37. Ask the students to listen to the tape and look at the map of Dolphin Island.Complete the map with information from the tape. Then listen to the tape again and choose the answers to complete the sentences. And then check the answers by letting the students do the listening exercises on the screen.
At last , show them the listening text on the screen with key sentences
emphasized.
Step IV . Speaking
Work in pairs and talk about the birthplaces of your family members. Go through with the useful expressions on the screen before talking about it. Get the students to make up new dialogues according to the one in the book. After a while, ask some pairs to act the dialogues out before the class.
Step V Consolidation
Do an exercise to consolidate what has been learnt so far. Ask the students to look at the screen, translate English into Chinese and Chinese into English. Write the answers on a piece of paper. Collect them a few minutes later.
Exercise
1.San Francisco lies in the west of the USA.
2.East of the mountain is a large lake.
3.Shanghai lies in the east of China.
4.There are fruit trees on the north bank of the river.
5.河北省在中国的北部。
6.这个城的北面有一条铁路。
7.中国位于亚洲的东部。
8.这湖的东边有两座城镇。
Step VI . Homework
Do Ex. (P102) Talking
Period II
Teaching Aims:1. Train the students’ reading ability.
2. Let the students learn something about New Zealand.Teaching Important Points:
1. Improve the students’ reading ability
2. learn about New Zealand’s geography, climate, natural beauty and history.
Teaching Difficult Points:
How to help the students understand the text better.
Teaching Methods:
1. .Fast reading to find out the general idea of the text.
2. Question-and-answer activity to help the students to understand the detailed information in the text.
3. Individual or pair work to make every student work in class.
Teaching Aids:
1. a tape recorder
2. a computer
Teaching Procedures:
Step I . Revision
Check the answers to the Ex. Talking on P102 .
Step II . Lead-in
Show the students the posters of The Lord of the Rings on the screen. Ask who the director is and where he is from.(Peter Jackson from New Zealand).
Step III . Presentation
Show the students a map of the world and ask them to point out New Zealand and find another island about the size as it. (Japan)
Tell the students something about New Zealand by showing information on the screen, including the national flag, the national emblem and anthem (God defend New Zealand ) let them listen to it.
Step IV . Fast Reading
Ask the students to read the passage quickly and find out the best heading of each paragraph. Check their answers by doing a matching exercise on the screen. Para. 1 ---Geography, Para. 2 --- Climate, Para. 3--- Natural beauty, Para. 4 --- History.
Step V . Reading
Read the passage carefully paragraph by paragraph.
Let the students read the first paragraph again carefully and find out detailed information. Help the students describe the location of the following lands, seas, and cities (Pacific Ocean, Tasman Sea, Wellington, Auckland, Christchurch) in relation to New Zealand on the map on the screen. And then show the students some pictures of the cities.
Go on with the second and third paragraph. Help the students to tell something about the climate and natural beauty in New Zealand by showing information on the screen. Show some beautiful pictures of seas, beaches, harbours, mountains, volcanoes, hot springs as well as equipment making electricity, a kiwi (the national bird), kiwi fruits and silver fern (the national flower).
Paragraph 4 , ask the students to read Paragraph 4 and find out the information about the following numbers on the screen : 1000,1421,1642,1769,1840,Feb.6.
Then get the students to tell the detailed information in relation to the numbers with the help of the hints on the screen.
Notes : An Agreement---Treaty of Waitangi (New Zealand’s Founding Document) It is an agreement between the British Crown and Maori. It established British law in New Zealand, while at the same time guaranteeing Maori authority over their land and culture.
National Day----February 6.
Step VI Consolidation
Let the students act as tour guides to introduce New Zealand by playing the powerpoint again as a guide. The students have a few minutes to prepare for it.
Then ask four students to introduce New Zealand in the four topics. The first student---geography, the second student---climate, the third student---natural beauty, the fourth student---history. After that, show the students a chart of the outline of the passage and get the students to retell the passage in their own words.
Step VII Homework
Do the exercises in Post-reading.
Read the passage.
Period III
Teaching Aims:
1. Practise and consolidate the words describing weather and land.
2. Revise and learn the use of “it”.Teaching Important Points:
1 The usage of “it” used in the subject position to stand for the infinitive or a clause.
2 The usage of “it” used to talk about time, date, distance, or weather.
Teaching Difficult Points:
1. Help the students master the following sentence structure: It is/was +n./adj.+ infinitive/clause.
2. How to use “it” correctly.
Teaching Methods:
1. Discussion method to help the students consolidate the words and combine them to form sentences.
2. Inductive method to help the students master the use of “it”
3. Individual or pair work to make every student work in class.
Teaching Aids:
1. a tape recorder
2. a computer
Teaching Procedures:
Step I . Revision
Check the answers to the Ex. in Post Reading.
Ask the students to retell the passage of New Zealand.
Step II .Word Study
Get the students to recall the nouns describing the weather. Then show them a word web on the screen.(rain/rainbow, sun/sunshine, wind, temperature, thunderstorm, ice, snow). Ask the students to make sentences with these words. Do the same with the adjectives describing the weather and the nouns /adjectives describing the land. Encourage the students to be as creative as possible
Step II . Grammar
Show the students the following sentences on the screen.
It is made up of two large islands.
It rains quite a lot.
It is New Zealand’s national bird.
It is about 3,500 kilometers from Polynesia to New Zealand.
It is April 21st today.
It is interesting to visit New Zealand.
It is a good thing that New Zealand helps the Maori to keep their own language and culture.
Ask the students to find out what “it” in each sentence refer to and the use of “it”.
Make a summary:
The use of “it” as subject.
“It “ can be used to stand for what’s mentioned above.
Impersonal “it” can be used to talk about time, date, distance or weather.
“It” can be used in the subject position to stand for the infinitive or a clause.Get the students to rewrite the sentences on the screen with it is …to do…and it is …that…
Example: To miss the train is too bad.
----- It is too bad to miss the train.
You missed the train? That’s too bad.
----- It is too bad that you missed the train.
Get the students to answer the question on the screen using the words in the brackets.
Example: How soon will they discover John has left? ( a matter of time)------ It is only a matter of time before they will discover that John has left.
Step III . Practice
Get the students to practise the use of “it” by playing a game so that the students will take an active part in practice. Let the students choose their lucky numbers on the screen and each number connects a sentence for the student to rewrite the sentence using “it”.
After that ask the students to discuss Ex. 1 and Ex.2 on Page 103 in the workbook with their partners. A few minutes later, check the answers with the whole class.
Step IV HomeworkDo Ex.3 on Page 104 in exercise books.
Prepare for Reading in Integrating skills.
Period IV
Teaching Aims:
1. Do some reading and writing practice to improve the students’ integrating skills.
2. Do some exercises to consolidate the use of “it”.
3. Learn how to write a description of a region or country.Teaching Important Points:
1. Improve the students’ integrating skills.
2. Help the students master the use of “it” better.
Teaching Difficult Points:
1. How to improve the students’ integrating skills.
Teaching Methods:
1. Asking-and-answering activity to go through with the reading material.
2. Individual or group work to train the students’ writing ability.
Teaching Aids:
1. a tape recorder
2. a computer
Teaching Procedures:
Step I . Revision
Check the answers to Ex.3 on Page 104 in Workbook.
Get the students to translate the sentences on the screen into English. The students have a few minutes to prepare it, and then ask some students to give the answers. Help them if necessary.
1.独自一人去森林旅游是危险的。It is dangerous to travel alone in the forest.2.他是否会接受那个工作还不知道。It is unknown whether he would accept the job.3.同他谈话没有用。 It is no use talking to him.4.很高兴再次见到你。It is nice to see you again.5.他没来很奇怪。It is strange that he didn’t come.
Step II Fast ReadingGet the students to read the text about life in New Zealand quickly, and then answer the following questions on the screen.
1.What is the official language in New Zealand?
2. For the Maori, what are special days called?
3. When someone dies, why does all the relations come to the marae?
4. Why is New Zealand thought to be an important agricultural country?
5. Why do New Zealanders love sports?
6 When are the school main holidays?
After that, get the students to find out the heading of each paragraph.
Paragraph 1 population and language
Paragraph 2 culture of the Maori
Paragraph 3 burial service o the Maori
Paragraph 4 agriculture and life style
Step III ReadingLet the students read the passage to get detailed information, and then do some exercises.
Choose the best answers.
1.From the passage we can figure out Maori people are about _____ more than Asians living in New Zealand.A. 532,000 B. 304,000
C. 340,000 D. 228,000
2. In New Zealand, a public servant may offer services ______ .A. in many languages B. only in English
C. only in Maori D. either in English or in Maori
3. Maori people believe that _____A. not all the people have spirits. B. one’s spirit will never leave his body.
C. one’s spirit will not die when he dies.
D. one’s spirit will disappear the moment he is dead.
Step IV Consolidation
Divide the class into groups of four and help the students to talk about New Zealand’s population, agriculture and sports. A group can choose one of the topics.
Step V Writing
Read the passage again. Then according to the passage, try to write a short description of the Chinese province or region in which you live. Look at the screen before writing.
How to describe a country or a region
First paragraph the population, ethnic groups and the languages
Second paragraph the culture of one or more ethnic groups that are nativeThird paragraph the agricultural products that the place is famous for.Fourth paragraph things people like to do in their free time in that place.
Get the students to work in groups and discuss what they will write about the region where they live according to the information on the screen. One of the group needs to take notes. Help them if necessary. Few minutes later, get some of the students to tell the class what they will write about. Then get the students to write a brief description of the region they live in by themselves, and then exchange the writing with others to correct the mistakes in it. At last, rewrite it in the exercise book.
Step VI Homework
Write a short passage about one of your favourite places in the exercise book.
Review useful expressions in this unit.Period V
Teaching Aims:
1. Do some exercises to consolidate useful expressions in this unit.
2. Do some listening to improve the students’ listening ability.
3. Do some reading practice to improve the students’ reading ability.Teaching Important Points:
1. Improve the students’ integrating skills.
2. Help the students master what we learnt in this unit.
Teaching Difficult Points:
How to improve the students’ listening and reading skills
Teaching Methods:
1. Listening-and-choice activity to help the students go through with the listening material.
2. Asking-and-answering activity to go through with the reading material.
Teaching Aids:
3. a tape recorder
4. a computer
Teaching Procedures:
Step I. Revision
Dictate some useful expressions: be made up of, be surrounded by, make electricity, take possession of, sign an agreement with …, refer to, in relation to, compare … with …, stand for, take place, turn to, prepare for. Teacher says them in Chinese, and the students write them in English.
Then get the students to look at the screen. Complete each sentence by filling the blank with a right phrase from the dictation. Some phrases may not be used.
Step II. Listening (workbook)
P101 Listening. Tell the students that a Chinese student named Lily who studies at Auckland University, a famous university in New Zealand. Listen to the tape carefully. The content is about the interview in which Lily is talking about her experiences and her life in New Zealand. Let the students look at the sentences on the screen and decide which is true after listening for the first time.
Play the tape again. This time get the students to answer the questions in Ex.2 as well as checking the answers in Ex.1. Then ask several students to read their answers. Show the correct answers on the screen.
Listen to the tape for the third time. Lily says that New Zealanders have a different way of enjoying themselves in their free time. Ask the students to make a list of different activities by filling in the chart (Ex.3) on the screen.
Step III. Reading
P104. Reading. Let the students guess the meaning of the title in Chinese(工合).Play the tape for the students to follow and find out what Gung Ho is. And then get the students to do the exercises (P105) on the screen.
Step IV. Carefully Reading
Get the students to read the passage again and for better understanding, ask the students to divide the history of friendly relations between China and New Zealand into periods, and make clear how Chinese people and kiwis benefited from the relation.Period 1 Gold rush: Chinese people went to New Zealand to make their fortune.
Period 2 War: New Zealanders came to China and helped Chinese people win the war.
Period 3 Past 10-15 years: Chinese people study in New Zealand
Notes:
China established diplomatic relations with New Zealand in December22,1972.
Ask the students to find out the difficult language points in the passage and explain them to the students.
Step V. Debate
Ask the students if any of their former classmates are studying abroad now. then get them to hold a debate.
Pros: It is good for teenagers to study abroad.
Cons: It is not good for teenagers to study abroad.
Encourage the students to express their opinions freely.
If time is limited, ask the students to do it as an extracurricular activity.
Step IV. Homework
Go over this unit.Preview Unit 19
篇4：人教版《四则运算》单元教学设计
本单元教学目标
1、知道加法、减法、乘法和除法统称为四则运算。
2、结合实际的生活情景，能主动探索和理解含有两级运算的运算顺序，正确计算两、三步式题。
3、掌握有关0的计算特性，知道0不能做除数。
4、让学生在经历探索和交流解决问题的过程中，感受解决问题的一些策略和方法，学会用两、三种不同的计算方法解决一些实际问题。
5、让学生在解决实际问题的过程中，培养估算意识，养成认真审题、独立思考、工整书写等学习习惯。
篇5：高二下20单元单词讲解(人教版高二英语下册教案教学设计)
Unit 20 Words and expressions
1. curiosity n. 好奇（心）；古玩
be ~ about sb’s past对某人的过去好奇
excite /satisfy one’s curiosity
激起/满足某人的好奇心
He did it out of curiosity他那样做是出于好奇。
It is ~ that she didn’t remember the incident.
奇怪，她竟不记得那事了。
2. decoration n .装饰；装潢; 奖章
put up decorations 挂起装饰物
interior decoration 室内装潢
award/receive a decoration 授予/获得奖章
3. unearth vt. (从地下)发掘；揭露
unearth buried treasure 发掘埋在地下的宝藏
unearth a plot 揭露一个阴谋
4. spear n. 矛；枪；梭镖
throw a spear at 向…掷矛
5. pot n. 罐；锅；壶
a pepper pot 胡椒瓶
wash up pots and pans擦洗炊具
6. emperor n. 皇帝 (empress n. 女皇)
Even the emperor has his poor relatives.
皇帝也有草鞋亲。
7. pin n.（大头）针 ；别针；木棍
vt. 钉住，使固定，使不能动
a drawing pin图钉 a rolling pin 擀面杖
In the accident he was ~ned under the car.
在这次事故中他被压在车下，动弹不得。
I ~ my hopes on him. 我对他抱有信心。
The map was ~ned up 那幅地图被钉在墙上。
8. clothing n.（总称）衣服；服装
put on/take off clothing穿上/脱下衣服
summer clothing 夏装
tailor-made clothing 定做的衣服
ready-to-wear clothing现成的衣服
an article of clothing 一件衣服
9. earring n.耳环
a pair of earrings 一副耳环
wear a ring 戴戒指
10. distinction n. 差别；对比；杰出
make a distinction区分；分清
an artist of distinction杰出的艺术家
11. centimeter n.厘米(cm)
1 kilometer=1000meters
1meter=100centimeters
12. clay n.粘土；泥土
a mass of clay.一堆泥土
Make clay into bricks.把泥土制成砖块
13. arrow n. 箭
Bow and arrow弓和箭
Guard against a hidden arrow.谨防暗箭。
The arrow found its mark.箭射中了目标.
14. dozen n. （一）打；十二个
(与数词或many, several等连用时,不加s )
two (many, several) dozen pencils
两(好多,几)打铅笔
dozens of 几十,许多
for dozens of years 好几十年以来
pack in dozens 成打地包装
sell by the dozen 论打出售
15. cushion n. 垫石；垫子；坐垫
vt. 缓和...的冲击
air cushion气垫
kneel on the cushion跪在跪垫上
Snow cushioned my fall.
因为下面是雪,所以我跌得不重。
16. weapon n.武器
chemical /chemical weapon化学/核武器
a weapon of defense防御武器，
test a new weapon试验一件新武器
carry weapons 携带武器
17. pottery n.（总称）陶器
Chinese pottery中国陶器
A potter is making pottery by hand.
陶器匠正用手做陶器.
18. spare adj.备用的；额外的; 多余的
v.节约, 节省, 不伤害, 宽恕
a spare tire 备用轮胎
What would you like doing in your spare time?
在闲暇的时候,你喜欢干什么？
Can you spare me just a few minutes
He doesn't spare himself.他律己甚严。
I have several spare ticket.我还富余几张票。
Please spare me my life. 请饶我一命。
spare no efforts 不遗余力
Spare the rod and spoil the child.
[谚]孩子不打不成器。
19. tend vi倾向；趋向; vt.照顾
tend to 朝某方向；趋于;往往会
I (tend to) prefer black tea.我一贯喜欢红茶。
Women tend to live longer than men.
女人往往比男人活得长
The injured were well ~ ed in the hospital.
20. approximately adv.近乎；接近
He is~ forty years old.他快四十岁了。
21. average n.平均（数）
adj.平均的；普通的 vt.平均达到,平均做到
An average of two students are absent each day. 每天平均有两个学生缺席。
He averaged nine hours' work a day.
他平均每天工作九小时。
on(an/the) average平均
above (the) average在平均水平以上
below(the) average 在平均水平以下
22. link n.环；关系；联系vt.连接；联系
key /weak link中心/薄弱环节
establish a ~ between the two countries
在两国间建立联系
~ up theory with practice把理论和实践联系起来
The road links all the new towns.
这条公路连接所有的新城镇。
23. monument n. 纪念碑;纪念物
The monument to the People's Heroes.
人民英雄纪念碑。
His actions are a monument to foolishness.
他的行为是愚蠢的典型例子。
24. homeland n.祖国；国家
We study for our homeland.我们为祖国学习。
25. in terms of用...来; 考虑到; 就…而言;
~ money, he's quite rich, but not ~ happiness.
就钱来说他很富有,但就幸福来说就不然了。
~ technical development就科技发展来讲
26. Payment is made in terms of cash用现金支付status n.地位；身份; 状况
What's your official status in the company?
你在公司里的正式职位是什麽?
Women have very little status in many countries.
在许多国家, 妇女没有什麽地位.
family/ social status家庭状况/社会地位
27. in the eyes of 在…看来
In the eyes of my parents, I'm forever a child.
在我父母的心目中,我永远是个孩子。
28. remote adj.偏远的；久远的；
in a remote village在一个偏僻的村庄里
in the remote past在久远的过去
Go to the ~ mountain areas到偏僻的山区去
29. distant adj.遥远的; 冷淡的,
The sun is distant from the earth.
太阳距地球很遥远。
She's always very distant with Ann.
她对安妮总是很冷淡。
30. lend a hand 帮助
Please ~ with my book.请帮我拿一下书。
31. site n. 遗址;地方 Banpo Site半坡遗址
32. quantity n.量； 数量
a quantity of +单/复数谓语
quantities of +复数谓语
There is a large quantity of milk.
A quantity of baskets were on sale.
Quantities of food/books were on the table
33. serve as 作为；当作
serve as a teacher 教课；担任教师工作
These views serve as a guide in life.
这些观点可以作为处世指南。
34. mask n.面具
Painting mask脸谱; a gas mask.防毒面具
35. dig up 挖出；掘起; 发现
dig up potatoes挖土豆
36. accompany vt.陪伴；陪同
I accompany you home.我陪你回家。
37. vast adj.巨大的；庞大的
vast plains广袤的草原。画
He has a vast appetite.他胃囗很大。
38. square adj.平方的；正方形的
n. 正方形; 广场 【数】平方,
city square城市广场 draw a square画正方形
64 is the square of 8.六十四是八的平方。
39. investigation n.调查研究
general investigation普查
The ~ into the accident was carried out by two policemen.两名警察对这一事故展开调查。
篇6：高二下11单元单词讲解(人教版高二英语下册教案教学设计)
Unit11 Words and phrases
1.solar adj. 太阳的, 日光的
solar cell 太阳能电池
solar energy/system太阳能/系
2.leap v.& n.跳, 跳越, 跳跃
Look before you leap.三思而后行。
leap at the chance抓住时机
He crossed the garden in three leaps.
他跳三步就跨过了花园。
3.mankind n. 人类, 男性, 男子
liberation of mankind人类解放
Disease is an enemy of mankind.
疾病是人类的敌人。
4.constitution n. 组织,宪法,体格
the constitution of starch 淀粉的组成
British constitution英国宪法
have a good/ poor constitution. 体质好/差
5.man v. 操纵,为...配备人手
man ten ships. 给10艘船配备人员
as one man 一致
the man in the street 一般人
man of one's word 信守诺言的人
6. support vt. 支持, 支撑, 赡养
life support生命保障
be supported by one’s parents由父母供养.
Which football team do you support?
你支持哪个足球队？
7. daily a. 每日的n. 日报ad. 每日,天天
daily life/ necessities 日常生活 /必需品
China Daily《中国日报》。
write to sb. daily. 每天给..写信
8.achieve v.达到,实现
achieve one's purpose/aim 达到目的
achieve success/ victory 获得成功/胜利
It takes hard work to achieve success.
成功需要努力。
9.likely a. 可能的,有希望的ad. 很可能
a likely story 可能是真实的故事
I'm likely to be very busy tomorrow.
It is very likely that I’ll be busy tomorrow.
明天我可能很忙。
Me? Join the army? Not likely! 我?参军?没门儿!
10.Zone. n. 地带, 区域,
vt. 环绕, 使分成地带 vi. 分成区
war(battle) zone/ a business zone战区/商业区
smokeless zone 禁止吸烟区coastal zone海岸带; North Temperate zone北温带
The U.S. and Canada are zoned for postal delivery.美国和加拿大划分了邮区。
11. private a. 私人的n. 士兵
private teacher家庭教师 private school 私立学校
I'm not going to tell you about it; it's private.
我不打算把此事告诉你; 这是私事.
The news came through private channels.
消息是私下[小道儿]传出来的。
in private 秘密地[的]; 私下地[的]
Can I speak to you in private?
我可以私下同你谈谈吗？
12. institute n. 学会, 学院, 协会
vt. 创立, 开始, 制定,
an art institute 艺术学院
a designing institute 设计院
He graduated from a foreign language institute.
他毕业于一所外语学院。
13.grasp vt.& n. 抓住, 抓紧, 掌握, 领会
Grasp all, lose all.贪多必失。
have a good grasp of 深刻了解
I grasped the main point of the speech.
我领会了这篇演讲的要点。
14.master. n. 主人, 大师, 硕士, (男)教师
adj. 主人的, 熟练的, 高明的, 主要的
vt. 征服, 控制, 精通
the master of the house 房主
masters in literature.文学大师
a Master of Science. 理科硕士
She learned to master her anger.
她学会了控制自己不发火。
It's not easy to master a foreign language.
掌握一门外语并不容易。
15. perfect adj. 完美的, 理想的,
vt. 使完美, 修改, 使熟练
perfect weather 极好的天气perfect yellow 纯黄色
be perfect in English 精通英语
Practice [Use] makes perfect. 熟能生巧。
They worked hard to perfect their dance.
他们卖力地使舞蹈更加完美。
16.arrange vt. 安排, 筹备, 整理, 布置
arrange a time and place定好时间和地点
arrange for 安排, 准备
Arrange the books把书整理好
arrange the flowers in the vase把花在花瓶里插好
I've arranged with him about feeding the cats.
我已和他商量妥喂猫的事.( 与某人商定某事)
They arranged to meet at 7 o'clock.
他们约好7点钟见.
17.set foot in v. 到达，进入，踏上
He hardly ever sets foot in the city.
他几乎从不进城来。
18.have an effect on/upon对……产生影响
Smoking has a bad effect on you.
19.rely on 依靠，信赖，指望
You can rely on her word.你可以相信她的话。
Don't rely on going to India.别指望到印度。
20.failure n. 失败, 失败者,
Crop failure欠收（农业）
failure of electricity 停电
the failure of memory 记忆力减退
F~is the mother of success.失败为成功之母。
21.come to life vi. 苏醒过来，活跃起来
In a few minutes Tom suddenly came to life.
一小会儿汤姆突然苏醒过来。
With his friends he really comes to life.
他跟朋友在一起很活跃.
22.valley n. (山)谷, 流域
the Yangtze/ Changjiang valley 长江流域
A lonesome valley.荒凉的山谷
23.base n. 底部, 基础, 根据地,
A bottle has a flat base.瓶子有一个平的底
Many languages have Latin as their base.
许多语言都以拉丁语为基础。
One should always base one's opinions on facts. 意见应以事实为根据。
25.mark n. 标志, 分数, 痕迹, 记号
vt. 做标记于, 打分数, 标志
put a mark 做记号 a question mark问号
a man of mark 一个有影响的人, 著名的人
He got 90 marks for Chinese.他汉语考了90分。
He leaves his mark on everyone he teaches.
他给每一个所教的人留下了印象。
He fired but missed the mark.
他开枪射击却没击中目标。
Bless the mark! 不要见怪
hit the mark 打中目标, (发言)中肯,
mother's mark 胎志, 黑痣
He marked the floor with chalk.
他用粉笔在地板上作记号。
The invention of the computer marked the beginning of a new era.
计算机的发明标志着一个新时代的开始。
26．agency n. 代理,代理处
a tourist agency. 旅行社
a reporter from Xinhua agency. 一名新华社记者
27.organ n.器官, 风琴,机构,
organs of smell 嗅觉器官 state organ国家机构
He plays the organ in church. 他在教堂弹奏风琴.
28.forword ad.& a 向前地; v. 转交,运送n.前锋
Move forward 往前走
He is forward in his English.他的英语有进步。
Please forward my mail to my new address.
请把我的信件转到我的新地址。
Put forward提出
~a idea/ a theory/a plan提出主意/理论/计划.
29.breakthough n. 突破
have/ made/ achieve a breakthrough in
在…方面取得突破
30.march n. &vi. 行军,进军
The march of time.时间的推移
To the rear, march! 向后转走！
Athletes march in. 运动员进场。
Science is on the march.科学正在进步中。
31.aim n. 目标,对准v. 对准目标,打算
achieve the aim达到目的
His aim is uncertain.他的目标不明确.
You aim too high.你太好高鹜远了
aim at 旨在，瞄准
He aimed (his gun) at the target and fired
他（用枪）瞄准目标开火.
She's aiming at (ie trying to win) a scholarship.
她争取获得奖学金.
32.announce 宣布，宣告
announce a football game on TV.
在电视上给一场足球赛作播音
announce the winner/the news
宣布胜利者的名字/消息。
Footsteps announced his return.
听到脚步声，就知道他回来了。
33.evolution n. 进化, 发展,
the evolution of a story 故事情节的发展
study the evolution of man 研究人类的进化
34.battle.n. 战役(大规模会战), 战争
vi. 作战, 战斗, 搏斗, 斗争
battle with/ against与...战斗
fall/ be killed in battle 阵亡
They died in battle.
他们在战斗中牺牲。
The two fighters battled for half an hour.
两个拳击手战斗了半小时。
篇7：高二下18单元语言点教案(人教版高二英语下册教案教学设计)
1 These chopsticks are both delicious and environmentally friendly.这些筷子又好吃又环保。
点拨：friendly 除了表示“友好的，朋友般的”含义，还有“友善的，表示赞赏的，不反对的”含义。
e.g.1.A friendly argument on any disputes is beneficial to the further understanding of the mutual views.
对任何争端进行友好的辩论有助于进一步了解相互的观点。
e.g.3.It’s a government friendly to our interests.这是一个符合我们利益的政府。
2．throw away：1）抛弃，扔掉：作为无用而除去：threw away yesterday's newspaper.扔掉昨天的报纸
2）To fail to take advantage of:丧失，错过：未能利用：
threw away a chance to make a fortune.丧失赚大钱的机会
throw up：To vomit.呕吐
3 Are you tired of carrying around a heavy laptop computer?你厌倦了随身携带一个沉重的笔记本电脑了么？
点拨：tire作为动词，为使役动词，意思是“使某人劳累”。词组tire sb.of sth.是“使某人厌倦了某事”的意思。所以sb.be tired of sth./doing sth.意为“某人厌倦了某事/做某事”。
e.g.1.When a man is tired of London,he is tired of life.当一个人厌倦了伦敦的时候，他也就厌倦了生活。
e.g.2.I am tired of your stupid remarks.我听烦了你的蠢话。
拓展：sb.be tired of sth.意思是“某人厌烦了某事”，但是sb.be tired with sth.是“某人做某事累了”。因此，应从上下文中推断应该采用哪一个词组。
考题：-Do you like your new job as a shop assistant?
-Very much.But I am tired standing all day.
A.of B.with C.by D.about 答案：B
5 If you use our inflatable bike,you can simply let the air out and put your bike in a bag.
如果你使用了我们的可充气自行车，你可以非常简单地放出空气，把你的自行车放进书包里。
点拨：1）let out 在此为“放掉”的意思。
e.g.1.There seemed a man in the garden. Let the dog out.好像有个人在花园里，把狗放出来吧。
e.g.2.Let the air out of the balloon and put it into the plastic bag.释放气球中的空气,把它放在塑料袋里。
2）.let sth.out 还有“使知道；泄露”的含义:
e.g.Who let that story out?是谁泄露了消息?
3）.let sth.out 还有“放大（衣服）；增大（例如衣服的）尺寸”的意思
e.g.I want to let out a coat.我想放大一件外衣。
4）.let sth.out还有“出租（房屋等）”的意思
e.g.I want to live outside London.Do you know there is any house let out?
我想住在伦敦外面，你知道哪有出租的房屋吗？
6 How do they come up with ideas for new inventions?人们怎么会想出新发明的主意呢？
点拨：come up with 有两层含义
1.想出（计划、回答）；作出（反应）；产生
e.g.1.He couldn’t come up with an answer.他答不上来。
e.g.3.People can put ideas together in many ways and can come up with new ideas.
人们把各种主意用不同的方式组合在一起，形成一些新想法。
e.g.4.He first came up with the good idea of going to visit the factory.
他先想出了去参观工厂的好主意。
拓展：1.come up with 还有“赶上”的含义
e.g.We are making our efforts to come up with the advanced level.
我们在努力达到先进水平。
2.come up 有“显现；出现，提升，靠近”的含义
e.g.The question never came up.这个问题未从曾发生过。
e.g.The sun came up.太阳升起来了。
e.g.a general who came up from the ranks按等级晋升的将军
e.g.came up and said hello靠近并打招呼
3.come down的含义:传递；传给；减价
e.g.The song comes down to us from the 10th century.这首歌从10世纪一直传到我们这一代。
e.g.These legends came down to us from the 15th century.这些传说是从15世纪流传下来的。
e.g.I don’t think TV sets will come down this year,do you?我看今年电视机的价格不会跌,你看呢?
7 Instead,it seems that creative thinking,which is one of the most highly valued skills in society,is a matter of habits.
相反，创造力，这个在社会里被认作是最有价值的技能之一，似乎只是一种习惯的问题。
1)点拨：a matter of 此处用来表示“正常或经常的事情； 理所当然的事情”。
e.g.1.Answering the question is just a matter of using your intelligence.回答这个问题只不过要运用一下你的智慧。
e.g.2.To solve the problem is just a matter of time.要解决这个问题仅仅是个时间问题。
拓展：1.a matter of 还可以表示“大约，大概”的含义。
e.g.We only had to wait a matter of 10 minutes.我们大约只等了10分钟。
3.词组a matter of life or death 生死攸关的事情
4.a matter of opinion 看法不同的事情， 见仁见智的事情
5.as a matter of fact 事实上，实际上
2) highly high作副词的区别
Highly is describing how we think of something or someone. adv.
1）高度地；非常；极
a highly scientific approach高度科学性的方法
It is highly important for us to combine revolutionary sweep with practicalness.
“对我们来说,把革命气概和实际精神结合起来是很重要的。”
2）赞许地；优厚地；超乎寻常地
a highly paid official薪金优厚的官员
He spoke very highly of her.他高度赞扬了她。
Our department store has always been very highly commended.我们的百货商店一向受到高度赞扬。
He is highly estimated among his fellows.同事们对他的评价很高。
High: 1)At, in, or to a lofty position, level, or degree:（位置、水平高度、程度）高地：
saw a plane high in the sky; prices that had gone too high.看见高空中那架飞机；价格简直太高了
2)In an extravagant or luxurious way:挥霍地：以奢侈的、豪华的方式：
made a fortune and lived high.交了好运且生活奢华
3) value： vt. 估价；定价
He valued the ring at $80.他估计这枚戒指值80美元。
2）尊重；珍视I value your advice.我尊重你的劝告
8 To “think outside the box” is to try new ways to solve a problem.破旧立新的意思就是要用新方法解决问题。
点拨：此句型中的think outside the box 在此意思为解放思想，思维方式要突破陈规，破旧立新。另外，此句型中是由to think outside the box 不定式作主语，表语是to try new ways to solve a problem,这是因为作主语的动名词、 不定式有对称使用的特点。
e.g.1.眼见为实可以表示为Seeing is believing.或To see is to believe.
e.g.2.To know everything is to know nothing.样样皆通，样样稀松。
e.g.3.To respect the others is to be respected.尊重别人就是尊重自己。
e.g.4.To love nature is to love mankind itself.爱自然就是爱人类自己。
e.g.5.To teach is to learn.教即是学。
考题：It is better to lose one’s life than .
A.if you lose your spirit B.losing his spirit C.to lose one’s spirit D.your spirit getting lost 答案：C
9 Inventors often rephrase a problem to allow for creative solutions and also try“impossible ”or“crazy”solutions.
发明家们常常为了使用创造性的方法，或尝试一些不可能或疯狂的方法多次解决问题。
点拨：allow for有 “考虑；顾及；把某事算在内”的含义。
e.g.1.We must allow for his inexperience.我们必须考虑到他缺乏经验这一点。
e.g.2.It takes about two hours to get to their office building,allowing for possible traffic delays.
考虑到路上可能遇到的交通耽搁,到他们的办公大楼大约要花费两小时。
e.g.3.Allowing for the train being late,we should be back by 10:30.
把火车晚点考虑在内， 我们应该在十点半之前回来。
e.g.4.Allowing for wastage,the gas will last 3 weeks.留出损耗,这些汽油可以维持3周。
allows of： The poem allows of several interpretations.这首诗可以有好几种解释
比较：allow与permit
permit作动词用时相当于allow，用法相似。同是 allow/permit sb.to do与allow/permit doing sth.
与allow不同的是，它强调“得到上级或文件正式认可的允许”，意为“正式批准、许可”，比allow正式；allow所表示的允许，含有“听任、默许”之意。但在实际语言运用中的区别并不那么严格，在很多情况下可以交换使用。
e.g.1.I’ll visit him tomorrow if weather permits.如果天气条件许可，明天我要去拜访他。
e.g.2.Each student was allowed five minutes for free talk.每个学生被允许五分钟自由谈话。
e.g.3.Smoking is not permitted in this cinema.本电影院不许吸烟。
考题： is not allowed here. You are not allowed here.
A.To smoke B.Smoking C.To be smoking D.Having smoked 答案：BA
10 otherwise: adv.1)不同地
We were going to play football, but it was so hot that we decided to do otherwise.
我们原打算踢足球，可是天很热，我们就决定干别的了。
I was otherwise engaged last Sunday evening.
上星期天晚上我另外有约。;上星期天晚上我另外有事。
2)（在）其他方面
He is noisy, but otherwise a nice boy.他爱吵闹，但在其他方面倒是一个好孩子。
3)（在不同情况下）否则
We'll go early, otherwise we may not get a seat.我们得早一点去，不然就没有座位了。
I've got one more page to write; otherwise I've finished.我又多写了一页，不然的话已经完成了。
12 attempt:v attempt to do attempt +n
I attempted to read the entire novel in one sitting.我试图一次读完整本小说
We attempted the difficult maneuver without assistance.
我们尝试在没有外援的情况下完成复杂的特技动作
n She made an attempt to cook the dinner.她试着做这顿饭。Make an attempt on /at doing sth
13 If we look only for the correct answer and reject ideas that don’t provide a complete answer,we may get stuck.
如果我们仅仅去寻求正确的答案而否定了没有完整答案的想法，我们就会陷入困惑之中。
点拨：1.及物动词reject 后面通常接名词， 在此意思是拒绝接受，屈服。
e.g.1.He rejected their invitation point-blank.他直截了当地拒绝了他们的邀请。
e.g.2.We rejected his idea for a music club,and decided to have an art club instead.
我们没有采纳他关于成立音乐俱乐部的想法，而是决定成立艺术俱乐部。
reject还可以表示抛弃的含义。
e.g.The boy will feel rejected if you refuse to come.如果你拒绝来的话，那男孩会感到被抛弃的。
比较： resist vt., vi.抵抗；反抗；敌对 抵御；阻止
the power to resist disease抗拒疾病的能力
2)忍住；顶住She could hardly resist laughing。她真忍不住要笑。
I can't resist baked apples.我顶不住烤苹果的诱惑。
2.stuck 是stick 的过去式和过去分词，sb./sth.be stuck 在此表示某人、某物被难住;保持或变得静止；被固定、卡住、塞住或阻住。
e.g.1.We are late because we have been stuck in traffic for an hour.我们迟到了因为被卡在交通阻塞中达一个小时。
e.g.2.The door is stuck-I can’t open it. 门卡住了， 我打不开。
e.g.3.He was stuck in the mud and can’t move. 他陷在泥里，动不了。
比较：be stuck in 与be caught in, be trapped in 的侧重点不同。
be caught in 通常表示碰巧遇到暴风雨、交通阻塞等。
e.g.We were caught in a storm on the way home.我们在回家的路上碰巧遇到了暴风雨。
be trapped in 更强调被困在一个具体的空间内，或落入圈套。
e.g.She was trapped in the burning house.她被困在燃烧着的房子里了。
14 Creative thinking is a conscious effort to break away from old thought patterns in order to explore new possibilities. 创造性思考的作用是很明确的--破旧立新。
点拨：break away表示逃走；逃脱 break away from 表示摆脱某物， 从……中脱离开来
e.g.1.The robbery suspect broke away from the lockup.抢劫嫌疑犯从拘留所逃脱了。
e.g.2.Modern music like jazz has broken away from the old traditional rules.现代音乐如爵士乐摆脱了旧的传统规则。
拓展：break away 还可以表示“断裂；开裂”的含义
e.g.A large piece of ice broke away from the main block.一大块冰从整个大冰块上断裂开来。
15 Unfortunately,it is easy to limit the possibilities of a new idea by connecting it to only one area of our previous knowledge.很不幸，我们很容易把一个新的想法仅局限于我们先前知识的一个方面。
点拨：connect在此处表示连接或系在一起。搭配为 connect sth.to/with sth.
e.g.1.There is no reason to connect the two events. /There is no reason to connect the event to/with that one. 没有理由把这两件事联想在一起
拓展:还可以表示:用通讯工具联系或连接，搭配为connect sb.to sb.
e.g.1.Please connect me to the number in San Diego.请给我接圣地亚哥这个电话号码。
另外，connect 还可以作为不及物动词
e.g.2.Two streams connect to form a river.两条小溪汇流成一条大河。
名词为connection,词组 in connection with 表示“关于……，与……有关”。
e.g.Do you believe that there’s a connection between smoking and heart disease?你相信吸烟与心脏病有关系吗?
16 apply vt., vi. applied, applying
1) 请求；申请I want to apply for the job.我想申请这项工作。
2)应用；使用；适用to apply a nickname用绰号
The principle of diligence and frugality applies to all undertakings.勤俭节约的原则适用于一切事业。
3)涂，敷，抹Apply medicine to his wound.在他伤口上涂药。
A nurse is applying some medicine to his wound.有个护士正在给他的伤口敷药。
4)产生作用；有直接关系What I have said does not apply to you.我说的话与你无关。
This rule does not apply.这个规则不适用。
4)专心；集中精力apply oneself to专心从事，埋头于…
The new comer applied his mind to the job.新来的职员工作专心致志。
Students should apply themselves to their study.学生们应该专心致志地学习。
Application: n应用;
The application of new scientific discoveries to industrial production methods usually increases efficiency.
把新的科学发现运用到工业生产上,通常可以提高效率。
2)适用
This has no application to the case这不适用于那个案子。
3)正式申请；书面申请
an application for a job求职书
4)敷用（药物）
5)勤勉；专心
He worked with great application.
他工作非常勤奋。
17 Most famous scientists and thinkers are very productive and studies have shown that our most respected scientists produce not only some of the best ideas,but also a great many bad ones.
大多数著名的科学家和思想家都是富有成果的，但研究表明尊敬的科学家们不仅能想出好主意同时有许多错误。
点拨：respected 过去分词作定语，修饰scientists,单个分词作定语，相当于一个定语从句的省略形式。our most respected scientists=our most scientists who are respected,一般放在被修饰词的前面，分词短语作定语一般放在被修饰词的后面。
e.g.1.A watched pot never boils.心急锅不开。
e.g.2.Don’t laugh at his crippled walk.不要笑他的跛行。
e.g.3.Father looked at the child with a pleased expression.父亲带着满意的表情看着孩子。
e.g.4.The suggestion sent to the committee was adopted.呈送给委员会的建议被采纳了。
e.g.5.Children disciplined when they are young will become good citizens.小时候受过训练的孩子会成为好公民。
Respect :n1)（与of, for连用）尊敬；尊重
to show respect to those who are older尊敬长者
The students have great respect for their history teacher.学生们非常尊敬他们的历史老师。
2)关心；注意 to pay (have) respect to关心
3) (pl) 敬意；问候 Give my respects to your wife.请代我向你太太问好。
in all respects无论从哪方面来看
in respect of关于；就…来说
pay one's respects拜访
without respect to不管；不考虑
with respect to谈到
with respect to the recent flood谈到最近的洪水
respect vt.尊敬；尊重
I respect his courage.我敬佩他的勇气。
I'll respect your wishes.我尊重你的愿望。
Usually people don't respect those who are too compliant.“一般来说人们看不起那种唯命是从,唯唯诺诺的人。
18 We are said to be living in the “Information Age”,a time of new discoveries and great changes.
人人都说我们生活在信息时代，一个充满着新发现和巨大变化的时代。
比较:age, time, days
age也可以表示时代，但是通常都是单数并大写。
e.g.1.Bronze Age 铜器时代 the Ice Age 冰河世纪
age 用作复数时，表示长时间，相当于for a long time。
e.g.1.I haven’t seen her for ages.我有很长时间没有看见她了。
e.g.2.It’s been an age（=ages）since we met.我们好久未见面了。
time作“时代”解时，常用复数形式，如本句中的 in modern times(在现代)。但有时也有用单数形式表示“时代”的，如 in Shakespeare time(在莎士比亚时代)。
e.g.1.In quite old times people lived on hunting and fishing.在古代，人们以渔猎为生。
e.g.2.His thought is ahead of his times.他的思想走在时代前面。
e.g.3.We should try to meet the requirements of the times.我们应当力争符合时代的要求。
e.g.4.It happened at the time of King Alfred.它发生在阿尔弗雷德王的时代。
day也可以表示历史上的一段时期；还可以表示在人的一生中某一特定的、独特的一段时期。用作可数名词。
e.g.1.We studied the tactics used in Napoleon’s day.我们研究在拿破仑时代用过的策略。
e.g.2.In grandmother’s day, skirts were long.在祖母那个时代，裙子都很长。
e.g.3.in my school days在我读书的时代
篇8：高二下19单元语言点教案(人教版高二英语下册教案教学设计)
Warming up
1. Uneasy lies the head that wears a crown.戴皇冠的人良心不安。
(1)此句是个全倒装句. uneasy译为“不安的”，是个表语形容词，当表语置于句首， 而谓语动词又是不及物动词时，倒装结构为“表语+助动词+主语”。 例如:
Present at the meeting were Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests.出席会议的有怀特教授，史密斯教授和许多其他客人。
(2)lie在此的含义为“存在；在某种情况下”。故有词组lie in（在于） 如：
His success lies in his hard work.他的成功在于他勤奋的努力。
2. deny vt.否认；不承认, 拒绝 (常用搭配：deny doing， deny that …. )
I deny that the statement is true.我不承认这话是真的。
He denied attempting to murder his wife. 他否认企图谋杀妻子。
Speaking
3. What makes a play a masterpiece is that the ideas behind the play are about problems which are still important to people of different ages in modern times.一部戏剧成为杰作的关键在于，戏剧的主题思想所反映的问题对不同年龄段的现代人仍是重要的。
(1)masterpiece n. 杰作；名著 如：
Which masterpiece made Mark Twain famous? 马克吐温因哪部杰作而成名？
(2)此句是个复合句，它由三个从句组成：what所引导的是主语从句，that所引导的是表语从句，而which所引导的是一个定语从句修饰problems。
如: What you have done might do harm to those who are in their teens. 你所做的事可能对那些青少年有害。
(3)in modern times译为“在现代”，time作“时期、时代”讲时，是个可数名词，常用复数。 如:
in ancient times在古代
in the time(s) of the Stuarts在斯图亚特王朝治理时期
4. It sometimes happens that people are in a position where they can make an important decision about a person they hate.有时有这样的事发生，处在某个位置，这个位置可使他们对所恨的人做出重大的决定。
It (so) happens that从句表示“某事（如此）偶然发生”，其中It是形式主语，而that所引导的从句才是真正的主语。
It happened that he had left his keys in the office. 他碰巧把钥匙落在办公室了。
5. It is Shylock who must beg the Duke to save his life.夏洛克必须要乞求公爵来挽救他的生命。
(1)“It is/was+ 被强调部分+ that（指人可用who）从句”是强调句型的基本结构，它可以强调主语、宾语、状语。如：
Was it you that/who I saw last night at the concert? 昨天晚上我在音乐会上看见的是你吗？（强调宾语）
I’ve already forgotten where it was that you put the dictionary. 我已经忘记了你把字典放哪里了。（强调状语）
(2) beg(for) (sth.) (from/ of sb.)可译成“乞求；乞讨”。 如:
He was so poor that he had to beg (for) his bread. 他非常贫穷，所以不得不乞食。
beg (of) sb. to do sth.可译成“恳求某人做某事”。 如:
They begged us not to punish them.他们恳求我们不要处罚他们。
6. Despite the fact that nobody really likes Shylock, the Duck does not want to kill him.尽管没人真正喜欢夏洛克，公爵还是不想处死他。
despite(=in spite of)译为“不管”，“不顾”，后面只能接名词、代词，不能接句子。 如:
Despite (In spite of) all efforts he failed.他虽然做了各种努力，仍然失败了。
7. marry vt. & vi 结婚；娶；嫁（表示结婚的动作，它的完成时不能与for, since等表示一段时间的词连用。类似词还有：come, go, die, join, buy等；表示“结婚”的状态，与一段时间连用，要用be married） 如：
John is going to marry Jane.约翰要和简结婚。
They have been married for 10 years.他们已经结婚了。
Reading
8. mercy仁慈；怜悯 （常用搭配：have mercy on/upon sb./sth.（怜悯/宽恕某人/某物）；show mercy to sb./ sth.（怜悯/宽恕某人/某物）；at the mercy of sb./sth. （任由……摆布；在……的掌握中） 如：
They showed little mercy to their enemies.他们对仇敌毫无怜悯之意。
The ship was at the mercy of the waves.船在浪涛中随波漂流。
(2)[C]幸运；恩惠 如:
We must be thankful for small mercies.我们对小惠也应感激。
9. It’s useless trying to argue with Shylock.和夏洛克争论没用。
It is useless/no use/no good+ doing sth.是个主从复合句，其真正的主语是其后动词的v.-ing形式，译成“做某事没用/好处”。 如: It’s no use crying over spilt milk.（谚语）覆水难收，悔恨无益。
10. judge n.法官；评判员 vt. & vi. 审理；评判
如: the judges at a flower show花卉展览会的评判员
judge a case审理案件
注意：当judge用于非谓语作状语的情况时，要用judging（表示其他人判断）即组成词组judging from/ by “从……判断”。 如:
Judging by/from the number of copies sold, the book is a great success. 从销售量判断，这本书很成功。
11. Please be seated.请坐。
常用表示“请坐”的词组有：seat oneself; be seated, sit down; take one’s seat; take one’s place。其中seat可作及物动词或名词，意为“使……坐；容纳；座位”。sit为不及物动词。 如：
Our hall can seat 1,000 people.我们大厅能容纳1，000人。
He seated himself near the side of the river.他在河边坐了下来。
I found him seated (sitting) on the bench.我发现他坐在凳子上。
12. hope for sth 希望，盼望
After this dry weather people all hope for rain. 经过了这段干旱，人们普遍希望下雨。
13. envy vt.羡慕；嫉妒 （envy sb. sth. 羡慕/嫉妒某人某事）n.[U].嫉妒；羡慕 ，令人羡慕的东西 如：
I don’t envy him his bad-tempered wife. 我不羡慕他有个坏脾气的妻子。
He was filled with envy of me/at my success. 他十分羡慕我（我的成功）。
His splendid new car was the envy of all his friends. 他那部豪华的新车是他所有的朋友羡慕的东西。
14. accuse 控告；告发（常用搭配：accuse sb. of sth.）
The man accused her of theft.那个人控告她盗窃罪。
15. consequence n.（某事）后果；影响 （常用搭配：as a consequence） 如：
If you behave so foolishly you must be ready to take the consequences. 如果你这样愚昧下去，你必须准备自食其果。
Two hundred people lost their jobs as a consequence of the merger. 由于合并，200人失去了工作。
16.表示倍数的句型
以3倍为例：1) A is 3 times larger than B. 2) A is 3 times as large as B. 3) A is 3 times the size of B.
Asia is four times as large as Europe.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。
This street is three times the length of that one. 这条街是那条街的三倍长。
The meeting room is three times bigger than our office.会议室是我们办公室的三倍大。
17. tear up (把某物)撕毁；取消（合同） Let’s tear it up.让我们把它撕了吧。
18. offer up: present献出；献上 如：offer up a sacrifice 奉献；牺牲；献祭
19. surgeon n. 外科医生； physician医生（尤指内科医生）
Grammar
20. on one condition意为“规定一个条件”。 如：I will let you go on one condition. 我让你去，但有个条件。
on condition (that)= provided that,条件是…… 如：
You can go swimming on condition (that) you don’t go too far from the river bank.你只有在不远离河岸的条件下才可以去游泳。
21. pay back(=repay)意为“偿还”，“报答”。 如：
He worked hard to pay back his debt.为了偿还他的贷款，他努力工作。
此外，由pay组成的其他常见词组还有；pay for付款；pay off全部还清；成功，奏效 等。
如： You must pay for what you eat and drink.你必须付你吃喝的费用。
After ten years of hard work, she eventually paid of all her debts. 经过10年艰苦的工作，她终于还清了所有的债务。
It really pays off to study abroad. 出国留学是值得的。
22. at sea表示“在茫茫大海上”，意指“离海岸很远”。
Several ships were lost at sea owing to the hurricane. 由于飓风，好几艘船在海上失踪。
23. He is young, but I never knew so young a body with so wise a head.他很年轻，但是，我过去从来不知道有这么年轻又如此聪明的人。
在一个带有形容词的名词词组中，不定冠词a/an通常放在形容词的前面。 如：a young lady一位年轻女士
但是，如果形容词前有as, so, too, how时a/an就该放在形容词后，其结构是：as/ too/ so/how+ adj. +a/an +n. 如: Did you notice that you had made so serious a mistake? 你注意到你已经犯了一个很严重的错误吗？
How wonderful a plan it would be!多好的一个计划啊！
Integrating skills
24. flesh与meat
(1)flesh n.[U]通常指人或动物身上的肉。meat指提供食用的兽类的肉（区别于鱼或禽类的肉）。
Tigers are flesh-eating animals.老虎是食肉动物。
I like meat while my sister likes fish.我喜欢肉，我姐姐喜欢鱼肉。
25. be worthy of “值得”，其后接褒义名词或动名词的被动语态。 如:
The question is worthy of consideration/ being considered.这个问题值得考虑。
此外，还有be worthy to do/ to be done结构。 如:
He is a man who is worthy to have a place in the team. 他是一个值得在该团体获得一个位置的人。
“be worth”也表示“值得做某事”，但其后只能接动名词的主动语态，代替被动意义。即be worth doing。 如：The book is well worth reading.这本书很值得读。
26. Shylock must promise to leave the money upon his death to his daughter and her husband.夏洛克必须许诺，他一死，就把钱留给他的女儿及女婿。
句中“upon one’s death”译为“某人一死/死后”，即on/upon+ doing/n.表示“一……就……”。 如：: On arriving in Beijing, I’ll telephone you. 一到北京，我就给你打电话。
知识拓展
1. agree to, agree with与agree on区别
（1）agree to意为“同意”，后面往往接计划、安排、建议、意见、条件之类的名词或动词原形，含愿意协助工作之意。如：Do you agree to this arrangement / proposal? 对于这个安排/建议你同意吗？
He didn’t agree to her taking up the job.他不同意她担任这项工作。
（2）agree with意为“与……（意见）一致”，后面一般接人，也可接意见，看法等。但不含协力合作之意，不用于被动。 如：I don’t agree with your idea.我不同意你的主意。
（3）agree on表示“就……取得一致意见”。 如：The two sides have agreed on the date of negotiations. 双方商定了谈判的日期。
2. immediately 作连词时的用法
Immediately可以做一个连词，意思是：“一……就…… ” 如：
We must act immediately.我们必须立刻行动。
You may leave immediately he comes.他一到来，你可以立即离开。
类似能引导时间状语从句的连词还有；the last time, each time, the first time, next time, the moment, instantly, the minute, the instant等。 如: You’ll be struck by her beauty the moment you see her. 你一见到她，就会被她的美丽而打动。
Every time he came to Shanghai, he would pay a visit to her. 每次他来上海，都要去拜访她。
篇9：高二下20单元语言点教案(人教版高二英语下册教案教学设计)
Warming up
1．What kind of entertainment did they have?
entertainment作为名词，有以下含义:
1.表示“娱乐，游艺，技术表演”。
e.g.Jenny is interested in the news of entertainment.詹妮对娱乐新闻感兴趣。
2.表示“招待，款待”。
e.g.1.This hotel is famous for its entertainment.这家旅馆因为殷勤待客而出名。
e.g.2.He gives numerous entertainments to his friends.他常常宴请很多客人。
entertainment的动词形式是entertain，它作为及物动词，表示以下含义：
1.使娱乐，助兴e.g.We were all entertained by his tricks.大家对他的把戏都很感兴趣。
2.款待，招待e.g.He plans to entertain his friends to dinner.他计划设晚宴招待他的朋友们。
3.心存，考虑 e.g.1.to entertain an idea/to entertain a hope 怀有一个主意/怀有一个希望
e.g.2.I refused to entertain such a foolish idea.我拒绝考虑这样愚蠢的主意。
entertain作为不及物动词，表示的意思是“招待客人”。
e.g.She loves to talk,dance and entertain.她喜欢说话，跳舞和招待客人。
entertainer作名词，含义是“招待人，款待人；表演娱乐的人”。
entertaining 是形容词，意思是“娱乐的，有趣的”。
e.g.We spent an entertaining evening at the theatre.我们在这家剧院度过了一个有趣的夜晚。
entertainingly 是副词。
2. decoration [U] 装饰，装潢 home decoration 家居装饰
decorate v. 装饰；点缀。例如：decorate a Christmas tree 装饰圣诞树
3. artefact [C] 人工制品（尤指有考古价值的工具或武器）
prehistoric artefacts made of bone and pottery 史前的骨制及陶制器具
4. unearth vt.（从地下）发掘；揭露。
例如：unearth buried treasure 发掘埋在地下的宝藏
unearth new facts about Shakespeare 发现有关莎士比亚的新资料 unearth a plot 揭露一个阴谋
unearth 由un-加上名词 earth构成，类似的词语主要有以下几个。
unhand 意思是“放手，松手”。e.g.Please unhand me!别拉着我。
unglove 的含义是“脱下的手套”。 e.g.Her hand,when ungloved,glitters with heavy rings.
她脱下手套的时候，许多戒指在她手上闪烁。
unhair 的意思是“拔掉头发”。unmask 的意思是“揭除面具或者伪装”。
unglue 的意思是“取掉（粘着之物），剥”。
e.g.1.to unglue a stamp from an envelope by steaming 借着蒸气来取掉信封上的邮票
e.g.2.to unglue the children from a TV set使孩子们离开电视机
Listening
5. else adv. 此外，另外（与不定代词、疑问代词或否定副词连用）。例如：
Do you want anything else? Where else can I get it?
构成所有格时，’s加在else之后。例如： Who else’s fault could it be then?
Speaking
6.I’d like to know more about life as it was two hundred years ago.
as conj. 像……一样的；如……的。例如： I’d like to go abroad as you do.我想跟你一样出国。
as用作“虽然，尽管”时，引导让步状语从句，需提前名词、形容词、副词或动词。例如：
Object as you may, I’ll go. 纵使你反对，我也要去
He was late, as usual. 他如往常一样迟到了。
7.be curious to… 极想……
be curious about… 对……有兴趣
curious adj. 奇异的，奇怪的，好奇心强烈的，渴望知道的，爱探究的。例如：
curious eyes 好奇的眼神 curious behaviour 奇怪的举止
I’m curious to know what is written in his letter. 我极想知道他在信中写什么。
Children are naturally curious about everything around them. 小孩子对周围的每件事感到好奇。
curiosity n. 好奇（心）；古玩；珍品。例如：
arouse curiosity 引起好奇心 a curiosity shop 古董店
8. What I’d really like to find out is whether people would sometimes want to go on a holiday, as we do. That sort of thing 我真正想发现的是人们是否有时候会和我们一样想去度假那一类事情。
as在这里是连词，引导一个方式状语从句。 请看以下由as 引导的方式状语从句的例子：
e.g.1.You’d better do as I did.你最好按照我做的去做。
e.g.2.As what she said before,it was really difficult to persuade him to go with us.
正如她过去所说的，说服他和我们一块走是一件很困难的事情。
作为连词，as还可以引导时间状语从句。
e.g.1.Twelve days later,millions more Indians lined the railway tracks as a slow train took the jar containing his ashes 584 kilometers to a place by the river.
十二天后，当一列慢车将盛有甘地骨灰的坛子驶向584千米外，靠近恒河的一个地方时，又有数百万人排列在铁路两旁，夹道送行。
e.g.2.Three million people watched as the ashes of this great man were gently poured into the brown waters of the river that would carry them to the ocean.
还有300万人守望着这位伟人的骨灰缓缓撒入褐色的恒河，河水把他的骨灰送向大海。
辨析:as,when 和while
这三个连词都可以连接时间状语从句，但有差别:如果主句和从句的时间相同，以选用as较宜，表示随着……；而when只有一般时间意义，还可以表示at that time的含义；while是个连词，它所表达的时间通常是指整个一段时间或过程，相当于during which time的用法。从句中常常使用进行时，还可以表示主从句的对比。
e.g.1.They came up stair as we went down.他们上楼，我们下楼。
e.g.2.As one grows older，one becomes more experienced.人长大了，经验就更丰富了。
e.g.3.When one man is in difficulty，the thousands come to his aid.
一人有难众人帮。
e.g.4.The weather was fine while we were in Shanghai.我们在上海的日子里，天气晴朗。
e.g.5.We were watching TV while they were playing chess.我们在看电视，而他们在下棋。
作为连词，as还可以引导比较状语从句,表示以下含义。
1.表示“（用于比较）与……一样”的意思。
e.g.1.She works in the same building as my sister.她和我的妹妹在同一栋大楼上班。
e.g.2.This is the same as it was before.这个与以前一样。
2.表示“诸如”的意思。
e.g.such animals as cats and dogs 诸如猫、狗之类的动物
作为连词，as还可以引导原因状语从句。
e.g.As the weather is fine,let’s go fishing.既然天气变得好起来了，咱们去钓鱼吧。
辨析:because,since,as 和for
because，since，as引导原因状语从句:
because 引导的从句表示直接的、根本的原因，用来回答why 提出的问题，为全句重心所在。since引导的从句表示显然的或已知的理由、原因，相当于汉语的“既然”。主句是全句意思的重心，从句次之。as 引导原因状语从句，与since没多大区别。它们引导的原因状语从句，其原因已很明显，不必加以强调。由as表示的原因，语气最弱，往往译成汉语的“由于”。
for 是个并列连词，引导并列句，是对前句内容的补充说明。
as还可以用作关系代词，其含义是“正如”请看以下例子。
e.g.As you know，we have the right to vote.正如你知道的，我们有权选举。
辨析:as和which
首先，这两个词意义不同。前者表示正如，后者没有意义，只起连接作用。
其次，前者构成的从句既可以前置又可以后置，而由后者构成的从句则只能后置，不能前置。
再次，当从句中有the same,such,so 时，只能用as。
比较:It is no use arguing with them,as we all see.和他们争论是没有用的，正如我们所看到的。（既可后置）
As we all see，it is no use arguing with them.（又可前置）正如我们都看到的,和他们争论是没有用的。
It is no use arguing with them,which we all see.
我们都看到了，和他们争论是没有用的。（只能后置）
as还可以用作介词，其含义是“作为”。指处于某种状态、性质、情况、工作等之中。请看以下例子。
e.g.1.He works as a driver.他以开汽车为业。e.g.2.The kitten uses that box as a bed.小猫把那盒子当作床。
辨析:as和like
当作介词的时候，as只用于以下情况：
1.用作“作为”讲的时候。
2.用来举例，比如用来代替for example的时候；
3.用来引导某些动词，如:look upon，regard，consider，treat，think of等的宾语的补语的时候。
e.g.1.As a writer，he has no equal.作为一个作家，他是首屈一指的。
e.g.2.Languages（such）as English，German，Dutch belong to the same family.
像英语、德语、荷兰语等语言都属于同一个语系。
e.g.3.The teacher considered your son as being too small.
老师认为你的儿子太小了。
比较:The prisoner was hanged like a murderer.这个囚徒像杀人犯那样被处以绞刑（=…as if he were a murderer）。
e.g.4.The prisoner was hanged as a murderer.这个犯人作为杀人犯被处以绞刑。（这个犯人就是杀人犯）
1.I didn’t feel just you. A.as B.like C.such D.so
2. a teacher,I have to set a good example for my students.
A.Like B.Be C.As D.Have
3.It must have rained yesterday the ground is wet.
A.as B.since C.because D.for答案：1.A 2.C 3.D
Reading
9. date back to: = date from 始自某时期, 追溯到，上溯到(无被动语态)
Our school dates back to 1953. Our friendship dates from childhood.
out of date过时的;旧式的 up to date时新的;新式的
10. bury vt. 埋葬
Many men were buried underground when there was an accident at the mine.
矿上发生意外事故时,许多矿工都被埋在地下
bury oneself in 专心致志于, 埋头于(in)
be buried in thought 沉思 He buried himself in his work.
Buried in his book, he didn’t notice me entering the room.
11.Some of the objects found in the grave give us an idea of how he was dressed when he was buried
墓穴里发现的部分物品让我们对于他当时的穿着有了一个了解
(1)give sb an idea of 使某人明白
The book will give you an idea of what everyday life of ordinary Americans is like.
(2).dress作为及物动词，后面只能够接人或者是反身代词，而不能接物或者是衣服作为宾语。
dress v. 穿衣。例如：
be dressed in （表状态）穿着 dress sb. 给某人穿衣服
dress oneself in… 穿着……（表动作） dress up 盛装，打扮
dress well 穿着得体
dress [C] 连衣裙；女装 in formal (evening) dress 着礼服（晚礼服）
a silk dress 一件丝绸的礼服
12. clothing n.衣服(集合名词,无复数形式) an article of clothing 不能讲a suit of clothing
clothes n.（复）衣服,服装指具体的衣服;无单数形式,不与数词连用但可和many ,a few等表示
不确定的数词连用many clothes, a piece of clothes ,a suit of clothes一件衣服不能讲an article of clothes
Cloth做衣服用的材料,不可数名词, 当作为台布抹布时是可数名词.
13. find [C] 发现，发现物。例如：
Our new gardener was a marvellous find. 我们新找到了一个很出色的花匠。
finding [C] & [U] 发现，发现物
14. dozen n. 一打,十二个 (与数词或many, several等连用时,复数不加s )
two (many, several) dozen pencils 两(好多,几)打铅笔
dozens of 几十,许多 for dozens of years 好几十年以来
pack in dozens 成打地包装 sell by the dozen 论打出售
15. spare adj. 备用的；额外的；多余的；剩下的。例如：
a spare room 预备的房间 a spare tire 备用轮胎 In one’s spare time 在某人闲暇的时候
I have little spare time. 我没有什么余暇。
spare vt. 匀出，分出，省下 例如：Can you spare me just a few minutes? 你能腾出几分钟时间给我吗？
There’s no time to spare. 没有多余的时间了 spare no efforts 不遗余力
Spare the rod and spoil the child. [谚]孩子不打不成器，娇养忤逆儿。（省了棍子坏了孩子。）
16. a variety of / varieties of形形色色的，种种的。例如：
a collection of a variety of butterflies 收集各式各样的蝴蝶
There are a wide variety of people on the earth. 地球上有各种不同的人。
17.The biggest stones weigh 20 tons and came from a place not very far
最大的石头重约20吨，它们来自于一个不远的地方
weigh作为动词，主要表达以下几种含义：
1.表示“称（重量）”。
e.g.1.Let me weigh it.It’s quite a bit overweight.让我来称称它。超重还不少呢。
e.g.2.The goods were carefully weighed at the time of shipment.货物在装运的时候都是仔细称过的。
2.表示“某物有（多少）重量”。
e.g.1.A giant panda can weigh as much as 150 kilos when fully grown.
一只大熊猫长大了，重量可以达到150千克。
e.g.2.Some of the fish already weigh ten kilograms.这些鱼有的已经有10千克重了。
3.表示“压（在上面）”的含义。
e.g.1.The matter weighed heavily on my mind.这件事情沉重地压在我的心上。
e.g.2.The decision has been weighing on my mind all the week.这项决定整整一个星期都压在我的心上。
4.意思是“考虑”。
e.g.1.All the difficulties and risks had to be carefully weighed.所有的困难和风险都要仔细考虑。
e.g.2.They weighed the matter seriously.他们认真考虑了这件事情。
18. link vt., vi.（常与together, to, with连用）连接, 联合
(1)The two towns are linked by a railway.
(2) The new bridge will link the island to the mainland. 新的桥梁将把该岛与大陆连接在一起。
be linked to / have links with 与…有联系
Sichuan have trade links with the Yangtze River. 四川和长江流域有商贸联系。
19.It is possible that the King of Stonehenge was linked to the stones: he may have had a hand in planning the monument,or in helping transport and pull up the stones
巨石阵之王很有可能和石头有联系：他可能参与过巨石阵的设计，或者帮助过巨石的运输
在英语中，may,might,can,could和must几个情态动词都可以用来表示对事情的猜测。must的意思是“肯定，一定”，语气很有把握。may,might,和could的意思是“可能，也许”，语气把握性不大。can的意思是“肯定，也许”，常常用在否定句和疑问句中。这几个情态动词用于表示猜测的时候，其后面可以跟三种不同的动词形式。
1.跟动词原形表示对现在事情的猜测。2.跟表示对现在正在发生的事情的猜测。
3.跟表示对已经发生的事情的猜测。
e.g.1.You are Jack’s best friend.You must know where he is.你是杰克最好的朋友，你一定知道他在哪儿。
e.g.2.Can you hear the loud voice?They must be quarrelling.你能听到那声音吗？他们在吵架。
e.g.3.If you had come earlier,you might have been told the good news.你早来一会儿，就会听到那条好消息了。e.g.4.There is no light in the room.They might have gone out for a walk.屋里没开灯，他们可能出去散步啦。
1.Jack yet,otherwise he would have telephoned me.
A.mustn’t have arrived B.shouldn’t have arrived C.can’t have arrived D.need not have arrived
2.-I stayed at a hotel while in New York.
-Oh,did you?You with Barbara.
A.could have stayed B.could stay C.would stay D.must have stayed
3.-There were already five people in the car,but they managed to take me as well.
-It a comfortable journey.
A.can’t be B.shouldn’t be C.mustn’t be D.couldn’t have been答案:1.C 2.A 3.D
20. have a hand in 参与，插手；对某事负部分责任。例如：
I bet he had a hand in it. 我敢说他一定参与了此事。
I can’t promise much. I’m not the only one that has a hand in this town.
我不能答应太多。镇里的事不是我一个人说了算。
关于hand 的词组还有：
lend a hand 帮助
give sb. A hand 给予帮助
at hand 在手边
by hand 用手
in hand 手头上的，在进行中
hand in hand 手拉手，联合
from hand to hand 从一人之手转到之手
hand down/on 把…传下来
hand in 交上
hand out 把…拿出来，分派
hand over 移交
join hands 携手联合
on one hand,…on the other hand
一方面 ， 另一方面
21. in terms of 用……的话；以……的观点；就……而说。
例如：He thought of everything in terms of money. 他每件事都从钱的角度考虑。
bring a person to terms 使某人接受条件（就范）
come to terms=make terms 达成协议；和好
in the long term 就长期而言
on no terms 无论如何不，决不
on good terms with sb 和某人关系融洽
22. At first it was thought that it was through war and armed conflict,but it is now believed to have happened through trade and cultural links
点拨：1.through指从内部通过。
e.g.1.The thief came in through the window.小偷从窗户进来。
e.g.2.The troops marched through the town.军队从城中走过。
e.g.3.Fish swim through the water.鱼游于水中。
e.g.4.The men cut a tunnel through the mountain.那些人穿山凿了一条隧道。
2.表示“遍及，经历”的意思。
e.g.1.He traveled through Europe.他游遍欧洲。
e.g.2.Other birds and animals stay with you,but you will not see all the animals all through the winter.
另一些飞禽和动物留下来了，但是整个冬天你不会看到所有的这些动物。
3.表示“由于，因为”的含义。
e.g.1.It was all through your being late that we lost the train.我们没有赶上火车，完全是因为你来晚了。
e.g.2.It happened,through no fault of mine.这件事情之所以发生，并非是我的过错。
4.表示“藉，由”的含义。
e.g.1.He became rich through hard work.凭着努力的工作，他致富了。
e.g.2.I obtained my position through a friend.我靠一位朋友的帮忙而得到了这份工作。
5.表示“从头到尾”
e.g.1.He worked from dawn through the day and into the night.他从天亮一直工作到晚上。
e.g.2.He read through the novel carefully.他细心地读完了这本小说。
e.g.3.The rain lasted through the night.雨下了一夜。
比较：through和across的用法
through和across都作“穿过”讲，across指的是从一个空间内的一端到另一端或者是成十字交叉而过。through着重指从物体的中间或者是空间穿过。
e.g.1.Last week,we started our trip across this country.上个星期，我们开始了横跨这个国家的旅行。
e.g.2.We can’t travel through the forest by road,because there aren’t any roads.
我们不能从陆路穿越森林，因为那里根本无路可走。
1.The boy is so good at swimming that he can swim the sea.
2.He walked the forest and disappeared into the valley.答案：1.across 2.through
23. in the eyes of sb. (=in sb.’s eyes): in the opinion of sb.在某人的心目中，在某人看来
In your father’s eyes you’re still a child.
相关词组：keep an eye on sb. 留神，看守，看管
shut (close) one’s eyes to sth. 闭目不看…，装着没看到…，视而不见
Post-reading
1.base…on… 把……基础放在……上；以……为基础。例如：
You should base your conclusion on careful research.你应该以审慎的研究为基础。
This story is based on facts.这故事是有事实根据的。basic adj. 基础的，基本的；根本的
basis [C] 基础；根据
Language study
1.thanks to 多亏，幸亏。例如：
Thanks to modern technology, to find out more facts about the man buried in the grave is possible.
由于现代科技，找出更多的有关埋在墓地里人的材料成为可能
表示原因的结构还有： because of as a result of owing to due to
Integrating skills
2.roots of Chinese culture 中国文化的根源
root [C] 根源，来源；根，根茎。例如：the root of the problem 问题的根源
The love of money is the root of all evil. 爱钱乃万恶之源。（语出《圣经》）
a plant with very long roots 根部很长的植物
Many Americans have roots in Europe. 许多美国人祖籍在欧洲。
get at/to the root of 追根究底
take/strike root 生根，扎根；定居
root and branch adv. 连根地，完全地，彻底地
3. serve as “担当；充当”
4.dig up 挖出；掘起。例如：
We dug up the tree by its roots. 我们将树连根挖起。
An old Greek statue was dug up here last month.
上个月在这儿挖出了一尊古希腊雕像。
dig at 讥讽，挖苦 dig for 挖寻 dig into 详细调查，探求
5.cover作为动词，有很多含义。
1.表示“覆盖，铺盖”。
e.g.1.He covered himself with a blanket.他给自己盖上一床毯子。
e.g.2.A rather cold north west airstream will cover our province.一股偏冷的西北气流将覆盖我省。
e.g.3.When he returned,his body was covered with bruises.他回来的时候全身都是伤痕。
2.表示“走完（一段路程），看完（若干页书），够付（费用）”。
e.g.1.They covered the distance to the place at a run.他们一路小跑，赶到了那个地方。
e.g.2.Here is ten dollars;the extra will cover the bus fares.这儿是10元钱，多余的可以用作坐公共汽车费用。
3.表示“涉及，谈到”的意思。
e.g.1.What are the chief points you are to cover in your talk?你的报告主要有哪些内容？
e.g.2.The discussion covered a wide range of subjects.这项决定涉及到很多别的问题。
4.意思是“有（多少面积），包括（多大的范围）”。
e.g.1.The city covers ten square miles.这座城市的面积是10平方英里。
e.g.2.His burnt area covered 70 per cent of his body surface.他全身的烧伤面积达到了70%。
5.表示“掩护”。
e.g.He ordered us to cover the other people’s withdrawal.他下令让我们掩护其他人撤退。
6.表示“采访，报道”。
e.g.They sent a large number of reporters to cover the conference.他们派遣了大量的记者去报道大会的消息。
Our new school almost 54 square miles,making it the largest school in the province.
A.lies B.stands C.has D.covers答案:D
Grammar
复习代词“it”的用法
It的用法主要有以下一些:
1.作无人称动词的主语，表示时间、气候、距离、状态等。
e.g.1.It’s ten o’clock.现在十点钟了。
e.g.2.It is twenty miles to London.到伦敦有二十英里。
e.g.3.She couldn’t stand it.她真是无法忍受。
2.指代前面出现的事物或者是现象。
e.g.1.Where is my book?Have you seen it？我的书在哪儿?你看见我的书了吗?
e.g.2.He pretended to study,for he thought it would please his mother.
他假装读书,因为他认为那样做可以取悦他的母亲。
3.在特殊情况下指代人。
e.g.1.She got a baby and it was ten-pound.她生了个十磅重的婴儿.
e.g.2.A tall man stood up and shook hands with her.It was the general manager.
一个高个子男子站了起来同她握手,他就是总经理。
4.可以用作形式主语。
e.g.1.It is certain that we shall succeed.我们一定会成功的。
e.g.2.It is necessary for older people to understand what the young think and feel.
年长的人有必要了解年轻人在想些什么,他们有什么感觉。
5.用作形式宾语。
e.g.1.You’ll find it difficult to learn Japanese.你将发现日语很难学。
e.g.2.I make it a rule to take a walk in the morning.我规定自己每天早上散步。
6.用于强调句型。
e.g.1.It is I who am fortunate.幸运的是我。
e.g.2.It was three weeks later that he learnt the news.三个星期以后他得知了这个消息。
◇It is+被强调部分+that…
该句型是强调句型。例如：
It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.
It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.
=Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star.
◇ It is clear (obvious, true, possible, certain…) that…
该句型中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。例如：
It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree. =That he’s round and tall like a tree is very clear.
It is important that we (should) learn English well
It is necessary that he (should) remember these words.
◇ It is said (reported, learned…) that…
该句型中的it仍是形式主语，真正主语是that引导的主语从句。该结构常译为“据说（据报道，据悉……）”。例如：
It is said that he has come to Beijing.
It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit.
It is suggested that the meeting (should) be put off.
◇ It is time (about time, high time) that…
该句型中that后的从句应该用虚拟语气。例如：
It is time that children should go to bed. =It is time that children went to bed.
◇ It is the first (second…) time that…
主句如果是一般现在时，后面从句用现在完成时态；如果是一般过去时，后面从句则用过去完成时态。
该句型中的that从句用完成时态。该结构中that可以省去；it有时用this替换。常译为“是第一（二、三……）次……”。例如：
It is the first time I have been here. =This is the first time I have been here.
It is…since…
该句型主要用作处理瞬间动词的完成时和表示一段时间的时间状语连用的问题。例如：
It is (has been) 5 years since his father died.
It is 5 years since he joined the army.自从他参军5年了。
▲ It is 5 years since he was in the army.自从他退伍已经5年了。
◇It be…before…
该句型主句中的it指时间，主句中的时态常是一般将来时或过去时两种时态。例如：
It was 3 days before he went to Beijing.
It will be not long before he finishes his job.
◇It happens (seems, looks, appears) that…
该句型中it是形式主语，that引导的是主语从句，主句中的happen, seem等词是不及物动词。例如：
It happened (so happened) that he met his teacher in the street.
It seems that he will be back in a few days.
◇It is no good (use) doing sth.
主句中的表语可以是no good, (not any good), no use (not any use)。例如：
It is no good learning English without speaking English.
◇It doesn’t matter whether (if)…
该句型中whether (if) 引导的从句是真正主语，该句型常译为“不论（是否）……没关系……”。例如：
It doesn’t matter if they are old.
◇ It is kind (of sb.) to do sth.
常见的这类形容词有：bad, brave, careless, clever, cruel, foolish, good, honest, kind, lazy, nice, polite, rude, wise, wrong等。
该句型中的不定式短语是真正主语，如果不定式的逻辑主语是由of引起，主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词。这个句型可以改写为：sb. is kind to do sth.例如：
It is kind of you to say so.=You are kind to say so.
◇ It is necessary (for sb.) to do sth.
常见的这类形容词有：important, necessary, natural, easy, safe, common, normal, hard, difficult, dangerous, impossible, pleasant等。
该句型与上一个同属一种句型。如果不定式的逻辑主语是由for引起，主句中的形容词通常是表示重要性、紧迫性、频繁程度、难易、安全等情况的形容词。例如：
It is important for her to come to the party. =It is important that she (should) come to the party.
◇ We think it important to learn a foreign language.
主句中常用的动词：think, believe, make, find, consider, feel
作真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短语、动名词短语或that引导的宾语从句。
该句型中的it作形式宾语。例如：
We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day. He felt it important learning English well.
They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.
篇10：高二下13单元语言点教案(人教版高二英语下册教案教学设计)
Warming up
1. Cube n立方体；立方形；正六面体
The cube of 5 is 125. 5的立方是125。 The cube root of 27 is 3
Cubic adj.立方体的, 立方的 a cubic meter 立方米 引申：square n.正方形平方
Speaking
2. benefit n.利益, 好处vt.有益于, 有助于vi.受益a public benefit公益disability benefits残废抚恤金(pl)救济金
be of benefit to the people对人民有好处[U]
This dictionary will be of great benefit to me.这部字典将对我有很大裨益。
Exercise benefits our health.运动有益于我们的健康。
We benefit by [from] daily exercises.每天做操对我们有益。
It is said Yoga is of great benefit to human health.据说瑜咖功对人体健康有极大好处。
The plants benefited from the rain. 植物得益于这场雨。
3. range n.山脉vt.排列vi.平行, 延伸
range from… to…从……到……不等 vary from to
Tempertures here range from 10℃to 30℃ Prices ranged from 5 to 10 dollars.
a range of mountains一列山脉 a range of pictures 一系列画片
the annual range of temperature每年的温度变化范围 a wide range of knowledge广博的知识
4. all the way adv.从远道, 自始至终, 一路上all the time adv.始终
Jack climbed all the way to the top of the tree.他一直爬上了树顶。
5. property n.财产, 所有物, 所有权, 性质, 特性
This car is my property. 这车是我的财产。
Many plants have medicinal properties. 许多植物具有药性。
6. break down 分解; 出故障，失败，垮掉，破坏，把。。。分类，
引申： break a way (from sb/sth) 突然挣脱，逃脱；脱离；背叛
break in 强行进入，打断，搅扰 break into sth 强行闯入，break off 断开，折断；突然终止
break out 爆发；break through 冲破，突破；break up 粉碎，破碎，结束；解散；拆开，绝交
7. whatever(=anything that)作为连接代词引导名词性从句，“无论什么，任何东西，一切事物” ，语气比what强烈。
Whatever is left over is yours. You must do whatever is best for you.
Whatever book you want to read will be sent to your office. She is against whatever I am fond of.
8. Water is a liquid at room temperature and has a relatively high freezing point. 注意此句子的冠词。
9. pure adj.纯的, 纯粹的, 纯净的, 无垢的, 纯洁的, 完美的, 抽象的
pure gold 纯金 The water in mountain rivers is usually pure. 在山间河流中的水通常是纯净的。
pure English 纯正英语a pure mind 心地纯洁 It was a pure accident.这全然是一次意外事故。 by pure chance 全凭运气 pure science 纯科学
10. dense adj.密集的, 浓厚的 density n.密度
Densely populated 人口密集的
11. mass n.块, 大多数, 质量, 群众, 大量
adj.群众的, 大规模的, 集中的vt.使集合vi.聚集
Before the rain, the sky was a mass of clouds. 下雨前，天空有一团云。
（常与of连用）许多；大量
a mass of hot air一团热空气
I've masses of work to do.我有大量工作要去做。
the masses群众, 民众
Troops are massing on the frontier.军队在边境集结。
Dark clouds massed, and we expected rain.乌云密集, 我们企盼下雨。
mass production大宗生产
a mass-circulation magazine大量发行的杂志
12. absorb vt.吸收, 吸引
This job absorbs all of my time. 这件工作占有了我的全部时间。
to absorb the full meaning of a remark 理解一句话的全部意义take in
He is absorbed in study.他专心读书。
be absorbed in全神贯注在..., 一心从事, 热衷于put heart into
absorb sb.'s attention吸引某人注意
13. give off 发出(蒸汽、光等)
Boiled water gives off steam. The flowers gave off a pleasant smell
引申：give sb/sth away 赠送，捐赠，泄露，暴露；give sb/sth back 还，归还； give in (to sb /sth) 屈服； give off 放出，发出（气味，热，光等）；give out 用光，耗尽，分发，散发； give up 放弃；
Integrating skills
1. sensitive 感觉敏锐的，神经过敏的，敏感的 （~ (to sth)）
She is very sensitive to other people’s feelings. 她很能体谅他人的感情。
He’s very sensitive about his weight. 他很忌讳别人说他胖。
She’s very sensitive to criticism. 她一听批评就急。
Health care is a politically sensitive issue. 医疗卫生是政界的一个敏感问题。
My teeth are very sensitive to cold food. 我的牙齿对冷食过敏。
an actor’s sensitive reading of the poem 演员对诗歌富有表现力的朗诵。
2. a variety of (同一事物)不同种类，多种式样
There is a wide variety of patterns to choose from. 有种类繁多的图案可供选择。
He resigned for a variety of reasons. 他由于种种原因辞职了。
3. contribute （sth） to 捐献，捐赠；增加，添进（到某物）；为。。。撰写稿件
contribute to 是。。。的原因；
We contributed 5 000 to the earthquake fund. 我们给地震基金捐赠了5000美金。
Medical negligence was said to have contributed to her death. 据说医务人员的玩忽职守是她死亡的原因之一。
Immigrants have contributed to British culture in many ways. 移民在许多方面都对英国文化有所贡献。
She contributed a number of articles to the magazine. 她给这家报纸撰写了一些稿件。
Unit 13 the water planet 知识清单
Warming up
1. Cube n_____; _________；正六面体
The cube of 5 is 125. The cube root of 27 is 3
Cubic adj.________ a cubic meter _______ 引申：square n.__________
Speaking
2. benefit n. ______ vt. ______ vi.受益a public benefit_____disability benefit_____
be of benefit to the people [U]This dictionary will be of great benefit to me.
Exercise benefits our health We benefit by [from] daily exercises
It is said Yoga is of great benefit to human health. The plants benefited from the rain.
3. range n. _________ vt_________ vi.平行, 延伸
range from… to…_________ vary from to
Tempertures here range from 10℃to 30℃ Prices ranged from 5 to 10 dollars.
a range of mountains a range of pictures the annual range of temperature
a wide range of knowledge
4. all the way adv. __________, 一路上
Jack climbed all the way to the top of the tree. all the time adv.
5. property n._________, 所有权, __________
This car is my property. Many plants have medicinal properties.
6. break down 分解; 出故障，失败，垮掉，破坏，把。。。分类，
引申： break a way (from sb/sth) _____________break in _____________
break into sth_____________，break off _____________ break out_____________；break through _____________break up _____________
7. whatever(=anything that)作为连接代词引导名词性从句，“无论什么，任何东西，一切事物” ，语气比what强烈。
Whatever is left over is yours.You must do whatever is best for you.
Whatever book you want to read will be sent to your office.She is against whatever I am fond of.
8. Water is a liquid at room temperature and has a relatively high freezing point. 注意此句子的冠词。
9. pure adj. _____________, 无垢的, 纯洁的, 完美的, 抽象的
pure gold The water in mountain rivers is usually pure.
pure English a pure mind It was a pure accident. by pure chance pure science
10. dense adj. _____________ 浓厚的 density n.密度 Densely populated _____________
11. mass n. _____________, 群众, 大量
adj. _____________, 集中的vt.使集合vi.聚集Before the rain, the sky was a mass of clouds.
（常与of连用）许多；大量
a mass of hot air I've masses of work to do. the masses
Troops are massing on the frontier. Dark clouds massed, and we expected rain.
mass production a mass-circulation magazine
12. absorb vt.________
This job absorbs all of my time. to absorb the full meaning of a remark take in
He is absorbed in study. be absorbed in absorb sb.'s attention
13. give off _________
Boiled water gives off steam. The flowers gave off a pleasant smell
引申：give sb/sth away ______；give sb/sth back _______； give in (to sb /sth) ______； give off ____________；give out ____ give up __________；
Integrating skills
1. sensitive ___________ （~ (to sth)）
She is very sensitive to other people’s feelings. He’s very sensitive about his weight.
She’s very sensitive to criticism. Health care is a politically sensitive issue.
My teeth are very sensitive to cold food. an actor’s sensitive reading of the poem
2. a variety of ___________
There is a wide variety of patterns to choose from. He resigned for a variety of reasons.
3. contribute （sth） to ________________
contribute to ______________；
We contributed 5 000 to the earthquake fund.
Medical negligence was said to have contributed to her death.
Immigrants have contributed to British culture in many ways.
She contributed a number of articles to the magazine.
语法：情态动词
情态动词是高考考查的重点语法项目之一，全国17套高考试题对此都有考查。下面就近几年来高考试题中出现的情态动词的考点进行归纳分析，以便同学们复习掌握。
一、情态动词表推测
1. 肯定的推测一般用must, should, may（might）或could（不用can），其中，must的语气最强，译为“肯定”、“准是”、“想必是”；should的语气次之，译为“很可能”、“应该”，指按常理推测；may（might），could的语气最弱，译为“也许”、“可能”。
①Helen _______ go on the trip with us but she isn’t quite sure yet. （20安徽卷）
A. shall B. must C. may D. can
②-I’ve taken someone else’s green sweater by mistake.
-It ___ Harry’s. He always wears green. （年广东卷）
A. has to be B. will be C. mustn’t be D. could be
③I have lost one of my gloves. I _______ it somewhere.（2005年北京春季卷）
A. must drop B. must have dropped C. must be dropping D. must have been dropped
④If I ____ plan to do anything I wanted to ,I’d like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible. （2005年湖北卷）
A. would B. could C. had to D. ought to （Key: C D B B）
2. 否定推测分为两种情况：
1）语气不很肯定时，常用may not, might not或could not，译为“可能不”、“也许不”。
You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers ______ not like the design of the furniture. （上海春季卷）
A. must B. shall C. may D. need Key： C
2）否定语气较强时，则用can’t，译为“根本不可能”、“想必不会”，表示惊异、怀疑的感情色彩。
①-Do you know where David is? I couldn’t find him anywhere.
-Well. He ______ have gone far--his coat’s still here.（2005年湖北卷）
A. shouldn’t B. mustn’t C. can’t D. wouldn’t
②- Isn’t that Ann’s husband over there?
- No, it _______ be him I’m sure he doesn’t wear glasses. （20全国卷Ⅰ）
A. can’t B. must not C. won’t D. may not ey: C A
3. 疑问句中的推测，往往用can或could。
Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How ______ it be that he was late for the opening ceremony？（上海春季卷）
A. can B. should C. may D. must Key：A
4. 对已发生事情的肯定推测常用“must, may, might等+完成式”；否定推测常用“can, could, may, might等+完成式”。
①I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car. They _______ at least 150 kilometers an hour.（2005年重庆卷）
A. should have been doing B. must have been doing C. could have done D. would have done
②He _______ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by seaside. （2005年北京卷） A. should B. must C. wouldn’t D. can’t
③-Tom is never late for work. Why is be absent today? -Something ________ to him. （2005年江西卷）
A. must happen B. should have happened C. could have happened D. must have happened
④ My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon, so he_____your lecture.（上海卷）
A. couldn’t have attended B. needn’t have atterded
C. mustn’t have attended D. shouldn’t have attended Key: B B D A
二、“情态动词+完成式”
1. “should（ought to）+完成式”表示本应该做某事而实际上没有做。其否定式表示某种行为不该发生但却发生了。
①-I’ll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow. - You________ her last week.（年福建）
A． ought to tell B． would have told C． must tell D． should have told
②Oh, I’m not feeling well in the stomach, I _____ so much fried chicken just now. （上海春季卷）
A. shouldn’t eat B. mustn’t have eaten C. shouldn’t have eaten D. mustn’t eat Key: D C
2. “could+完成式”表示本来能够做成某事的但结果没能做成，含有遗憾的意味。
He paid for a seat, when he ______ have entered free. （2005年山东卷）
A. could B. would C. must D. need Key：A
3. “needn’t+不定式的完成式”表示本来不必做某事而实际上做了某事。例如：
You needn’t have watered the flowers, for it is going to rain.你本不需要浇花的，因为天就要下雨了。
- Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.
- Thanks. You ______ it. I could manage it myself. （2005年福建卷）
A. needn’t do B. needn’t have done C. mustn’t do D. shouldn’t have done Key: B
三、常见的情态动词
1. shall用于一、三人称疑问句表示征求对方意见；用于二、三人称陈述句表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁等。
①“The interest be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides，” declared the judge. （2004年重庆卷）
A. may B. should C. must D. shall
②-Excuse me, but I want to use your computer to type a report.
- You ______ have my computer if you don’t take care of it. （2004年湖南卷）
A. shan’t B. might not C. needn’t D. shouldn’t
③ - The room is so dirty. ______ we clean it?
- Of course. （北京春季卷）
A. Will B. Shall C. Would D. Do Key: D A B
2. must用于疑问句，表示责备、抱怨的感情色彩，意思为“偏偏，偏要”；mustn’t表示禁止，是说话人强有力的劝告。
①John, look at the time. _______ you play the piano at such a late hour？ （2005年全国卷Ⅲ）
A. Must B. Can C. May D. Need
②Tom, you leave all your clothes on the floor like this！ （2005年全国卷Ⅰ）
A. wouldn’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. may not Key: A B
3. needn’t表示“没有必要”。
- Lucy doesn’t mind lending you her dictionary.
- She ______. I’ve already borrowed one. （2005年湖南卷）
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t Key: C
4. would表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。
When he was there, he ___ go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day.（上海卷）
A. would B. should C. had better D. might Key: A
5. 表示经过努力而成功的某一次动作，只能用was/were able to，而不能用could。
The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _____ get out. （全国卷）
A. had to B. would C. was able to D. could Key：C
6. 考查情态动词用作答语的情况
①-Write to me when you get home. - _______. （20北京春季卷）
A. I must B. I should C. I will D. I can
② - Could I call you by your first name？ -Yes, you ______. （上海卷）
A. will B. could C. may D. might Key：C C
篇11：高二下17单元语言点教案(人教版高二英语下册教案教学设计)
Reading:
1 award: v. 1)颁奖，授奖award sb. Sth 2)裁定；判决；裁决；裁决书n.1) 奖；奖品win an award
He was awarded the gold medal for being the fastest runner.他跑得最快,因而获得了金牌。
The judge awarded a large sum of money to those hurt by the fire. 法官判给在火灾中受伤的人一大笔钱。 Reward: v.酬谢；酬劳；报答n. 酬谢；酬劳
How can I reward your kindness?我如何酬谢你的好意呢？
a reward of $900 for catching the criminal 因抓获罪犯而得900美元酬金
2 fair: adj.1)公平的，公道的a fair referee; 公平的裁判员；a fair deal; 公平交易；a fair fight; 公平战争；2) 合理的；正当的 It's fair enough to ask your close friends to help.”向你的好朋友求助,这是很自然的/理所当然的 3) 美丽的（女性）a fair lady
adv.（副词）光明正大地：用适当的或合法的方式：play fair.光明正大地处事
n. 商品展览会；商品交易会a book fair书展
3 potential: adj.潜在的，可能的：潜伏的：a potential problem.潜在的问题
Potentiality n.可能力, (用复数)潜能.潜力.可能性
4 gift: n.1)礼品；赠品 2)天赋，天资；才能Gifted:adj. be gifted in dth
He has a gift for poetry.他有做诗的天赋。a man of many gifts多才多艺的人
5 assist: assist sb with sth/in doing sth Assist sb to do sth.
We’ll assist you in finding somewhere to live.
Assistance: n. with the assistance of sth Come to sb’s assistance Can I be of any assistance?
6 adjust:v 1)调整；调节；使适合；使适应
adjust my watch校准我的表 adjust oneself to the schoollife适应学校生活
Adapt: v. 1)使适应；使适合 He adapted himself to the cold weather.他适应了寒冷的天气。
2)改编；改装 Here is a letter adapted from DEAR ABBY, Philadelphia Bulletin, March 9,1973.
这里摘登一封'亲爱的爱毕'的回信,刊登在一九七三年三月九日的'费城公报”
Integrating skills:
7 respect: n.1)（与of, for连用）尊敬；尊重
to show respect to those who are older尊敬长者
The students have great respect for their history teacher.学生们非常尊敬他们的历史老师。
2)关心；注意 to pay (have) respect to关心
3)(pl) 敬意；问候 Give my respects to your wife.请代我向你太太问好。
4) in all respects无论从哪方面来看 in respect of关于；就…来说；
8 participate vi.: 参加某事：participated in the festivities.参加庆祝活动
n. participation 参与：参与或分享某事的行为：
Teachers often encourage class participation.教师常鼓励学生积极参与
9. conduct: vt., vi.1)行为；举止；为人；表现 Your children conduct themselves well.你的孩子们表现甚佳。
2)处理； 经营；引导；实施 My aunt conducts her business very successfully.我的婶婶把企业经营得很成功。
3)引导；导游 The headmaster conducted us round the school.校长带引我们在学校里参观了一圈。
The guide conducted us on a tour of the oldest museum in the country. 导游带我们游览了这个国家最老的博物馆。
4)指挥（乐队） 5)导电；导热 Metal conducts electricity.金属导电。
n.1)行为；举止；举动；品行His conduct disagrees with his words.他言行不一。
2)处理；经营；引导；实施
10. access: n. 1)进入；通道 2)使用；接近v. 接近，进入：获得接触（数据或程序）的途径
There is no access to the street through that door.穿过那个门没有通向大街的路。
easy of access易于接近Students need access to books.学生需要使用书本。
accessible: adj Easily approached or entered.易接近的，易进入的; 易相处的
accessible money.易得到的金钱 an accessible manager.易于相处的经理
Unit 18 知识要点 Warming up
1 environmentally friendly. 环保
friendly 除了表示“友好的，朋友般的”含义，还有“友善的，表示赞赏的，不反对的”含义。
A friendly argument on any disputes is beneficial to the further understanding of the mutual views. 对任何争端进行友好的辩论有助于进一步了解相互的观点。
It’s a government friendly to our interests.这是一个符合我们利益的政府。
2 let out 放掉, 使知道；泄露; 放大（衣服）；增大（例如衣服的）尺寸; 出租（房屋等）
类似词组有：let sb/sth down使失望, 使降低，
There seemed a man in the garden. Let the dog out.好像有个人在花园里，把狗放出来吧。
Let the air out of the balloon and put it into the plastic bag.释放气球中的空气,把它放在塑料袋里。
Who let that story out?是谁泄露了消息?
I want to let out a coat.我想放大一件外衣。
I want to live outside London. Do you know there is any house let out? 我想住在伦敦外面，你知道哪有出租的房屋吗？
3 come up with 想出（计划、回答）；作出（反应）；产生； 赶上
He couldn’t come up with an answer.他答不上来。
People can put ideas together in many ways and can come up with new ideas.人们把各种主意用不同的方式组合在一起，形成一些新想法。
He first came up with the good idea of going to visit the factory.他先想出了去参观工厂的好主意。
We are making our efforts to come up with the advanced level.我们在努力达到先进水平。
引申： come up “显现；出现，提升，靠近”
The question never came up.这个问题未从曾发生过。 The sun came up.太阳升起来了。
a general who came up from the ranks按等级晋升的将军 came up and said hello靠近并打招呼
come down 传递；传给；减价
The song comes down to us from the 10th century.这首歌从10世纪一直传到我们这一代。
These legends came down to us from the 15th century.这些传说是从15世纪流传下来的。
I don’t think TV sets will come down this year, do you?我看今年电视机的价格不会跌,你看呢?
4 a matter of正常或经常的事情； 理所当然的事情
Answering the question is just a matter of using your intelligence.回答这个问题只不过要运用一下你的智慧。
To solve the problem is just a matter of time.要解决这个问题仅仅是个时间问题。
拓展： a matter of 还可以表示“大约，大概”的含义。We only had to wait a matter of 10 minutes.我们大约只等了10分钟。
a matter of life or death 生死攸关的事情; 3.a matter of opinion 看法不同的事情， 见仁见智的事情
as a matter of fact 事实上，实际上
5 To “think outside the box” is to try new ways to solve a problem.破旧立新的意思就是要用新方法解决问题。
此句型中的think outside the box 在此意思为解放思想，思维方式要突破陈规，破旧立新。另外，此句型中是由to think outside the box 不定式作主语，表语是to try new ways to solve a problem,这是因为作主语的动名词、 不定式有对称使用的特点。
1. Seeing is believing.或To see is to believe. 眼见为实 2.To know everything is to know nothing.样样皆通，样样稀松。3.To respect the others is to be respected.尊重别人就是尊重自己。
4.To love nature is to love mankind itself.爱自然就是爱人类自己。5.To teach is to learn.教即是学。
考题：It is better to lose one’s life than . A. if you lose your spirit B. losing his spirit
C. to lose one’s spirit D. your spirit getting lost 答案：C
6 allow for考虑；顾及；把某事算在内
We must allow for his inexperience.我们必须考虑到他缺乏经验这一点。
It takes about two hours to get to their office building,allowing for possible traffic delays.
考虑到路上可能遇到的交通耽搁,到他们的办公大楼大约要花费两小时。
Allowing for the train being late,we should be back by 10:30.
把火车晚点考虑在内， 我们应该在十点半之前回来。
10. 及物动词reject 后面通常接名词， 在此意思是拒绝接受。
He rejected their invitation point-blank.他直截了当地拒绝了他们的邀请。
We rejected his idea for a music club, and decided to have an art club instead.
我们没有采纳他关于成立音乐俱乐部的想法，而是决定成立艺术俱乐部。
reject还可以表示抛弃的含义。
The boy will feel rejected if you refuse to come.如果你拒绝来的话，那男孩会感到被抛弃的。
比较： resist vt., vi.抵抗；反抗；敌对 抵御；阻止
the power to resist disease抗拒疾病的能力
2)忍住；顶住She could hardly resist laughing。她真忍不住要笑。
I can't resist baked apples.我顶不住烤苹果的诱惑。
7. be stuck in 与be caught in, be trapped in 的侧重点不同。
be caught in 通常表示碰巧遇到暴风雨、交通阻塞等。
We were caught in a storm on the way home.我们在回家的路上碰巧遇到了暴风雨。
be trapped in 更强调被困在一个具体的空间内，或落入圈套。
She was trapped in the burning house.她被困在燃烧着的房子里了。
8. otherwise: adv.1)不同地 2)（在）其他方面; 3)（在不同情况下）否则
We were going to play football, but it was so hot that we decided to do otherwise. 我们原打算踢足球，可是天很热，我们就决定干别的了。
He is noisy, but otherwise a nice boy.他爱吵闹，但在其他方面倒是一个好孩子。
We'll go early, otherwise we may not get a seat.我们得早一点去，不然就没有座位了。
I've got one more page to write; otherwise I've finished.我又多写了一页，不然的话已经完成了。
9. attempt: v attempt to do attempt +n, make an attempt; at the first attempt,
I attempted to read the entire novel in one sitting.我试图一次读完整本小说
We attempted the difficult maneuver without assistance. 我们尝试在没有外援的情况下完成复杂的特技动作
n She made an attempt to cook the dinner.她试着做这顿饭。Make an attempt on /at doing sth
10. Application: n应用;
The application of new scientific discoveries to industrial production methods usually increases efficiency. 把新的科学发现运用到工业生产上,通常可以提高效率。
2)适用 This has no application to the case这不适用于那个案子。
3)正式申请；书面申请 an application for a job求职书
4)敷用（药物）5)勤勉；专心
He worked with great application. 他工作非常勤奋。
apply vt., vi. applied, applying
1) 请求；申请I want to apply for the job.我想申请这项工作。
2)应用；使用；适用to apply a nickname用绰号
The principle of diligence and frugality applies to all undertakings.勤俭节约的原则适用于一切事业。
3)涂，敷，抹Apply medicine to his wound.在他伤口上涂药。
A nurse is applying some medicine to his wound.有个护士正在给他的伤口敷药。
4)产生作用；有直接关系What I have said does not apply to you.我说的话与你无关。
This rule does not apply.这个规则不适用。
4)专心；集中精力apply oneself to专心从事，埋头于…
The new comer applied his mind to the job.新来的职员工作专心致志。
Students should apply themselves to their study.学生们应该专心致志地学习。
Integrating skills
11. We are said to be living in the “Information Age”,a time of new discoveries and great changes. 人人都说我们生活在信息时代，一个充满着新发现和巨大变化的时代。
1.Bronze Age 铜器时代 the Ice Age 冰河世纪
age 用作复数时，表示长时间，相当于for a long time。
1.I haven’t seen her for ages.我有很长时间没有看见她了。
2.It’s been an age（=ages）since we met.我们好久未见面了。
Unit 17 Disabilities清单
Reading:
2 award: v. 1)_______award sb. Sth 2)裁定；判决；裁决；裁决书n.1) 奖；奖品win an award
He was awarded the gold medal for being the fastest runner.
The judge awarded a large sum of money to those hurt by the fire.
Reward: v. __________；报答n. 酬谢；酬劳
How can I reward your kindness? a reward of $900 for catching the criminal
3 fair在不同语境中的意思：
a fair referee; _____的裁判员；a fair deal; _______交易
It's fair enough to ask your close friends to help."向你的好朋友求助,这是很_________的
a fair lady __________的（女性）play fair._______地处事 a book fair__________
4 potential: adj.______________：a potential problem.__________的问题
Potentiality n. (用复数)_____________.可能性
8 gift: n.1)礼品；赠品 2)天赋，天资；才能Gifted: adj. be gifted in dth
He has a gift for poetry. a man of many gifts
9 assist: assist sb with sth/in doing sth Assist sb to do sth
We’ll assist you in finding somewhere to live.
Assistance: n. with the assistance of sth Come to sb’s assistance Can I be of any assistance?
14 adjust:v 1)调整；调节；使适合；使适应
adjust my watch adjust oneself to the schoollife
Adapt: v. He adapted himself to the cold weather.
Here is a letter adapted from DEAR ABBY, Philadelphia Bulletin, March 9,1973.
这里摘登一封'亲爱的爱毕'的回信,刊登在一九七三年三月九日的'费城公报”
Integrating skills:
16 respect: n.1)（与of, for连用）_____
to show respect to those who are older
3)(pl) _________ Give my respects to your wife.
4) in all respects无论从哪方面来看 in respect of关于；就…来说；
17 participate vi.: 参加某事：_________ the festivities.参加庆祝活动
n. participation _____：Teachers often encourage class participation.
18. conduct 在不同语境中的意思：
Your children conduct themselves well.你的孩子们___________甚佳。
My aunt conducts her business very successfully.我的婶婶把企业________得很成功。
The headmaster conducted us round the school.校长带_________我们在学校里参观了一圈。
Metal conducts electricity.金属_________电。
n. His conduct disagrees with his words.他___________。
There was growing criticism of the government’s conduct of the war.对于政府在战争中的______有越来越多的指责。
19. access/ accessible在不同语境中的意思：
There is no access to the street through that door. easy of access
Students need access to books accessible money. an accessible manager.
Unit 18 知识清单
Warming up
1 environmentally friendly. _____________
friendly 除了表示“友好的，朋友般的”含义，还有“友善的，表示赞赏的，不反对的”含义。
A friendly argument on any disputes is beneficial to the further understanding of the mutual views.
It’s a government friendly to our interests.
2 let out 放掉, 使知道；泄露; 放大（衣服）；增大（例如衣服的）尺寸; 出租（房屋等）
类似词组有：let sb/sth down使失望, 使降低，
There seemed a man in the garden. Let the dog out.
Let the air out of the balloon and put it into the plastic bag.
Who let that story out? I want to let out a coat.
I want to live outside London. Do you know there is any house let out?
3 come up with_______（计划、回答）；作出（反应）；产生； 赶上
He couldn’t come up with an answer.
People can put ideas together in many ways and can come up with new ideas.
He first came up with the good idea of going to visit the factory.
We are making our efforts to come up with the advanced level.
引申： come up 的意思 The question never came up. The sun came up. a general who came up from the ranks came up and said hello
come down 的意思 The song comes down to us from the 10th century. These legends came down to us from the 15th century. I don’t think TV sets will come down this year, do you?
4 a matter of正常或经常的事情； 理所当然的事情
Answering the question is just a matter of using your intelligence. To solve the problem is just a matter of time.
a matter of 还可以表示“________”的含义。We only had to wait a matter of 10 minutes.
a matter of life or death ______的事情; 3.a matter of opinion _______的事情， _______的事情
as a matter of fact _______________
5 To “think outside the box” is to try new ways to solve a problem.破旧立新的意思就是要用新方法解决问题。
此句型中的think outside the box 在此意思为解放思想，思维方式要突破陈规，破旧立新。另外，此句型中是由to think outside the box 不定式作主语，表语是to try new ways to solve a problem,这是因为作主语的动名词、 不定式有对称使用的特点。
1. Seeing is believing.或To see is to believe. 眼见为实
2.To know everything is _________.样样皆通，样样稀松。3.To respect the others is _________. 尊重别人就是尊重自己。4.To love nature is______________.爱自然就是爱人类自己。5.To teach is ___________.教即是学。
考题：It is better to lose one’s life than . A. if you lose your spirit B. losing his spirit
C. to lose one’s spirit D. your spirit getting lost 答案：C
6 allow for__________；把某事算在内
We must allow for his inexperience. It takes about two hours to get to their office building,allowing for possible traffic delays. Allowing for the train being late,we should be back by 10:30.
10. 及物动词reject 后面通常接名词， 在此意思是拒绝接受。
He rejected their invitation point-blank. We rejected his idea for a music club, and decided to have an art club instead.
reject还可以表示抛弃的含义。 The boy will feel rejected if you refuse to come.
比较： resist vt., vi.抵抗；反抗；敌对 抵御；阻止
the power to resist disease抗拒疾病的能力
2)忍住；顶住She could hardly resist laughing。她真忍不住要笑。
I can't resist baked apples.我顶不住烤苹果的诱惑。
7. be stuck in 与be caught in, be trapped in 的侧重点不同。
be caught in 通常表示碰巧遇到暴风雨、交通阻塞等。
We were caught in a storm on the way home.我们在回家的路上碰巧遇到了暴风雨。
be trapped in 更强调被困在一个具体的空间内，或落入圈套。
She was trapped in the burning house.她被困在燃烧着的房子里了。
8. otherwise: adv.1)不同地 We were going to play football, but it was so hot that we decided to do otherwise.
2)（在）其他方面 He is noisy, but otherwise a nice boy.
3)（在不同情况下）否则 We'll go early, otherwise we may not get a seat.
I've got one more page to write; otherwise I've finished.
9. attempt: v attempt to do attempt +n, make an attempt; at the first attempt,
I attempted to read the entire novel in one sitting.
We attempted the difficult maneuver without assistance.
n She made an attempt to cook the dinner. Make an attempt on /at doing sth
10. Application在不同语境中意义的不同。
The application of new scientific discoveries to industrial production methods usually increases efficiency. This has no application to the case an application for a job______________
4)敷用（药物）5)勤勉；专心 He worked with great application.
apply （vt., vi. applied, applying）在不同语境中意义的不同
I want to apply for the job. to apply a nickname
The principle of diligence and frugality applies to all undertakings.
Apply medicine to his wound. A nurse is applying some medicine to his wound.
What I have said does not apply to you. This rule does not apply.
apply oneself to专心从事，埋头于… The new comer applied his mind to the job. Students should apply themselves to their study.
Integrating skills
11. We are said to be living in the “Information Age”,a time of new discoveries and great changes. 人人都说我们生活在信息时代，一个充满着新发现和巨大变化的时代。
1.Bronze Age ________时代 the Ice Age _________世纪 age 用作复数时，表示长时间，相当于for a long time。
1.I haven’t seen her for ages.我有很长时间没有看见她了。2.It’s been an age（=ages）since we met.我们好久未见面了。
17单元过关练习
1. ,the dancers practice hard to make their dreams come true .
A．Instead of being disabled B．Being disabled C．Disabled as they are D．In case of being disabled
2. As a reward his contribution botany , Joseph Banks had a flower named him .
A．for ; for ; for B．for ; to ; after C．for ; for ; after D．of ; to ; for
3. At this moment, I cannot give you an answer yet. I’d like to spend _____ more time considering this problem. A. rather B. fairly C. quite D. really
4. The old man had the __________ ability to say humorous things without hurting anybody.
A. fair B. rare C. seldom D. bare
5. It ______ long before the Chinese Space Center ______ Shenzhou Ⅶ Spacecraft.
A. will not be; launches B. is; will launch C. will not be; will launch D. is; launches
6. He can speak English, German, French and Japanese. He is nearly a man with a(an) ______ for languages. A. gift B. present C. ability D. skill
7. The disabled need recognition and encouragement ridicule (嘲笑).
A. more than B. rather than C. other than D. less than
8. I don’t like the noise of these jet aircraft, but I’ve learned to __________ it.
A. stand with B. stay with C. live with D. work with
9. He was expecting to have completed the job by now. ____________, he’s only halfway through it.
A. As it is B. Even though C. That is D. In that case
10. Cooper and Teller are _______ of selling $ 4,700 worth of heroin to a number of drug users.
A. accused B. accustomed C. adjusted D. accompanied
11. I got here in America six months ago, and I have _______ the new environment here.
A. adapted to B. adjusted to C. used to D. engaged to
12. The Smiths bought a brand-new Rolls-Royce, which became the _________ of all their neighbors.
A. admire B. envy C. proud D. respect
13. -I hear your aunt likes travel, music, clothes and fine food. -Oh, yah, and music may have been of her tastes. A. the rather more respectable B. much the most respectable
C. the very most respectable D. even more respectable one
14. Many physicists from all over the world came to the U.S. to _____ the great festival.
A. congratulate B. observe C. celebrate D. participate
15. As you know, an open-minded person ____ reasons.
A. accessible to B. accessible C. is accessible to D. is accessible of
1-5 CBABA 6-10 ABCAA 11-15 BBBCC
Unit 18过关练习
1. Father looked _______at me. A. kind B. kindly C. pleased D. friendly
2. He accidentally _____he had quarreled with his wife and that he hadn’t been home for a couple of weeks. A. let out B. took care C. made sure D. made out
3. （学科大联考）She will have to find some other work for she can’t ________ this loud noise any more. A. come up with B. keep up with C. grow up with D. put up with
4. It’s impossible to _____ these results without knowing more about the research methods employed. A. value B. evaluate C. absorb D. benefit
5. It was a matter of _____ would take the position. A. who B. whoeverC. whom D. whomever
6. I suppose we’ll have to, bad weather conditions, spend more than 500 days undertaking the construction. A. considering B. allowed for C. including D. linked with
7. Marx took this and it to society, saying that the origins of change are all technological or economic, and not based on ideas．A．used B．rejected C．applied D．adjusted
8. （扬州二模）The theory he’s stuck ________ us that earth quakes can be forecast.
A. to proves B. to proves to C. to prove D. which proves to
9. Shelly had prepared carefully for the biology exam, so that she could be sure of passing it at her first _____. A. purpose B. desire C. wish D. attempt
10. The singer hasn't performed in public for over five years． _______ , she is very popular
with young people． A．But B．Still C．Otherwise D．Therefore
11. He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he _____ to the meeting.
A. would come B. came C. would have come D. had come
12. Public of the problem will make the government take it seriously .
A．awareness B．evaluation C．existence D．evidence
13. Though Van Gosh formed his own painting style，we can still see the______of some famous Freneh artists on his works．A．reflect B．application C．relation D．influence
14. （寿光模拟）Newly-arrived guests must____________at the hotel’s reception desk.
A. register B. exchange C. expose D. apply
15. -I’ll come_____ John is invited, too. - You mean if John comes you’ll come.
A. in case B. so that C. on condition that D. now that
1-5 BADBA 6-10 BCBDB 11-15 CADAC
篇12：高二下12单元语言点教案(人教版高二英语下册教案教学设计)
1. such as 像；诸如；例如 凡是
Wild flowers such as orchids and primroses are becoming rare. 兰花和报春花之类的野花越来越少了。
Such as remains after tax will be yours when I die. 我死后全部财产除了交税以外全部给你。
2. any better 更好
any adv. (used with faster, slower, better, etc. , in questions and after if/whether 用于疑问句中，与faster, slower, better等连用；用于if/whether之后)to any degree; at all在任何程度上；丝毫 eg: I can’t run any faster. 我无法跑得更快了。 Is your father any better? 你父亲有所好转了吗？
3. at a distance （稍）远处，表示一定的距离，近距离或用以说明具体的距离，其不定冠词a有时可以略去或改用some。
This picture looks better at a distance. 这幅画远看就好些。
in the distance (far away) 在（较）远处，强调距离之远。
They were expecting to see in the distance some signs of the enemy. 他们期望着发现远处敌人的迹象。
keep sb. at a distance 与某人保持一定距离；不愿与某人亲近eg:
He always keeps anyone at a distance. 他总是不愿与任何人亲近。
4. collision n. [C,U] 物与物或人与人）相撞，碰撞，撞坏 抵触；（相反的目的、看法、意见等的）冲突
The collision between two cars caused 3 deaths. 两车相撞造成三人死亡。
Her political activities brought her into collision with the law. 她的政治活动触犯了法律。
5. In their efforts to survive, they find themselves on the surface of the monster itself, which turns out to be a submarine.
in their efforts to ….“在他们努力。。。。时”
In their efforts to solve the problem, they proved themselves a group of strong team.
Make an effort; make every effort; without effort; spare no effort; in a common effort.
Turn out “结果是。。。， 最后情况是。。。。”
It turned out (to be ) fine. The meeting turned out (to be ) a success.
6. voyage (1)n. long journey, esp. by sea or in space 航行；（尤指）航海，航天
They made a voyage across the Atlantic. 他们作了一次横越大西洋的航行。
(2)v.航行；航海；航天飞行
A plane crashed down when it voyaged through space. 一架飞机作航天飞行时坠毁了。
(3)voyager n. 航行者；航海者；航天者
7. beat, defeat, win与gain
①beat和defeat属一组同义词，它们的宾语必须是人或一个集体，如a team, a class, an school, an army。defeat尤指在战场上打败敌人；beat是游戏、比赛的专门用词。二者常可换。 eg:
We beat their team by 10 points. 我们赢了他们队十分。
In the end their army was defeat/beaten. 最后他们的部队被击（打）败。
②win和gain属一组同义词。Gain表示获得需要之物，它常跟的宾语有one’s living, experience, strength, time, knowledge, attention, respect, admiration 等；win表示在较强的竞争中取得胜利，它常跟的宾语有game, war, prize, fame, battle等。 eg:
We shall gain experience through practice.我们将通过实践获得经验。
They won the battle but lost many men. 他们取得了这次战斗的胜利，但牺牲了很多人。
(2)beat, hit, strike与tap
beat着重“连续性地击打”，如殴打或体罚，也指在游戏、竞赛或战争中击败对方。此外，beat还可用来指心脏的跳动。strike通常表示打一下，打若干下等意思，不一定都是有意的，还可指罢工，（钟）敲响之意。hit指“打中”或“对准……来打”，着重敲打或打击对方的某一点。tap一般是轰轰拍打的意思。 eg:
The wheat was beaten down by the rain. 麦子被雨水打得伏倒了。
The stone hit him on the head.石头击中了他的头部。
It strikes a bug’s back with is forelegs and feelers. 它（蚂蚁）用前腿和触角敲打臭虫的背部。
It taps on the other’s head with its feelers, using a kind of telegraph code. 它（蚂蚁）像使用一种电码的方式一样，用触角轻敲对方的头部。
Integrating skills :
1. throw light upon/on 使某事显得非常清楚
The modern scientific development has thrown light on this question. 现代科学的发展正使这个问题明朗化。
The information throws light upon the mystery of Dr Bake. 这个信息可以解开贝克医生之谜。
5. hesitate犹豫；踌躇；迟疑；（因有疑虑而）停顿 (hesitate about/over sth, hesitate to do, )
She replied without hesitating.她毫不犹豫地作了回答。
Please don’t hesitate to contact e if you have any questions. 如果有疑问请尽管与我联系。
hesitation犹豫 She agreed without hesitation. 她毫不犹豫地同意了。
Unit 12 fact and fantasy 知识清单
Warming up
1. such as _____________
Wild flowers such as orchids and primroses are becoming rare.
Such as remains after tax will be yours when I die.
2. any better 更好
any adv. (used with faster, slower, better, etc. , in questions and after if/whether 用于疑问句中，与faster, slower, better等连用；用于if/whether之后)to any degree; at all在任何程度上；丝毫
I can’t run any faster. Is your father any better?
3. at a distance 与 in the distance区别是什么？
This picture looks better at a distance.
They were expecting to see in the distance some signs of the enemy.
keep sb. at a distance __________________
He always keeps anyone at a distance.
4. collision n. [C,U] ___________ ; __________________
The collision between two cars caused 3 deaths.
Her political activities brought her into collision with the law.
Reading
5. in their efforts to ….______________
In their efforts to solve the problem, they proved themselves a group of strong team.
引申：Make an effort; make every effort; without effort; spare no effort; in a common effort.
Turn out ______________-
It turned out (to be ) fine. The meeting turned out (to be ) a success.
6. voyage (1)n. long journey, esp. by sea or in space 航行；（尤指）__________
They made a voyage across the Atlantic. A plane crashed down when it voyaged through space.
引申：voyager n. 航行者；航海者；航天者
7. beat, defeat, win与gain 区别
①beat和defeat属一组同义词，它们的宾语必须是人或一个集体，如a team, a class, an school, an army。defeat尤指在战场上打败敌人；beat是游戏、比赛的专门用词。二者常可换。 eg:
We beat their team by 10 points. 我们赢了他们队十分。
In the end their army was defeat/beaten. 最后他们的部队被击（打）败。
②win和gain属一组同义词。Gain表示获得需要之物，它常跟的宾语有one’s living, experience, strength, time, knowledge, attention, respect, admiration 等；win表示在较强的竞争中取得胜利，它常跟的宾语有game, war, prize, fame, battle等。 eg:
We shall gain experience through practice.我们将通过实践获得经验。
They won the battle but lost many men. 他们取得了这次战斗的胜利，但牺牲了很多人。
(2)beat, hit, strike与tap 区别
beat着重“连续性地击打”，如殴打或体罚，也指在游戏、竞赛或战争中击败对方。此外，beat还可用来指心脏的跳动。strike通常表示打一下，打若干下等意思，不一定都是有意的，还可指罢工，（钟）敲响之意。hit指“打中”或“对准……来打”，着重敲打或打击对方的某一点。tap一般是轰轰拍打的意思。
The wheat was beaten down by the rain. 麦子被雨水打得伏倒了。
The stone hit him on the head.石头击中了他的头部。
It strikes a bug’s back with is forelegs and feelers. 它（蚂蚁）用前腿和触角敲打臭虫的背部。
It taps on the other’s head with its feelers, using a kind of telegraph code. 它（蚂蚁）像使用一种电码的方式一样，用触角轻敲对方的头部。
Integrating skills :
1. throw light upon/on ___________
The modern scientific development has thrown light on this question.
The information throws light upon the mystery of Dr Bake.
5. hesitate____________________ (hesitate about/over sth, hesitate to do, )
She replied without hesitating. Please don’t hesitate to contact e if you have any questions.
hesitation犹豫 She agreed without hesitation.
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