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如何进行雅思精读

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“可欣”通过精心收集，向本站投稿了7篇如何进行雅思精读，下面小编给大家整理后的如何进行雅思精读，欢迎阅读!

如何进行雅思精读

篇1：如何进行雅思精读

雅思精读，你真的知道该怎样做么

近日有学生向我反映：“老师，我发现最近练了十篇左右的精读之后，阅读速度和做题速度提高了不少。”我告诉她，“阅读技巧只是锦上添花，精读才是真正的雪中送炭。”其实无论是英文、中文还是其他语言，只有靠阅读量的日积月累，才能真正的提高阅读能力。那么，精读有什么方法，怎样做才能提高精读效率呢?

精读是需要慢工出细活的，将地道的雅思文章分析到位，不仅提高了自己的词汇量和长句分析能力，更对自己写作的布局谋篇也有着显著的辅助作用。下面我们将对如何精读做出详尽的解释。

一、精读时间

精读一定是在按照考试规定时间做完一篇文章或套题并核对完答案之后才可进行的工作。

二、精读必备物品

纸质版剑桥教材、铅笔、荧光笔、笔记本。

三、精读内容之——词

对于很多同学来说，雅思文章中的生词是心中永远的痛。大家可将句子中不认识的词，用荧光笔在原文中勾画出，同时在生词旁边标上序号，按照1、2、3顺次排列下去。

在借助字典或电子词典查阅生词之前我们需要做如下工作：

1. 判断是否可以通过上下文的时态、逻辑关系或词根、词缀猜测出生词的意思;

2. 如果不认识这个词，是否会严重影响对整个句子意思的把握——如果会影响对整个句子意思的把握，那么这个词一定要认识;但如果不影响理解句意，那可根据自己的时间安排选择是否识别记忆该单词。

在考试中，我们是没有任何外部工具用来查找单词的。因此这两个步骤不仅可以帮助我们在实践中练习和掌握猜词的方法和节奏，还可以缓和对于生词的恐惧心理。

四、精读内容之——句

对于很多考生来说，雅思阅读的句子不仅生词多而且长度也很壮观，经常搞不清楚句子中谁是什么成分、谁在修饰谁，觉得句子很难读懂。其实一切都没有大家想得那么难，对于句子的把握主要是尽力读懂句子主干。雅思阅读对于语法的考查完全不同于高中英语，不是让你在which\in which\who \that中做出选择，所以请化繁为简，读懂句子先从抓句子最简主干开始，就是搞清：谁，做了什么，这就是最简单的主谓结构。在主谓两个成分中，最好寻找的是谓语，因为谓语是由动词组成的。请大家记住谓语的“三姨太”：时态、语态、情态。找到了这三位“姨太”，一个句子的主框架就基本清晰了起来。

五、精读内容之——篇

当词、句被我们逐一攻坚之后，最后的重点就落在了段落、篇章上。当把每一句的意思读懂之后，可以划出段落的主题句，最后纵观文章的全部段落，体会文章的结构。日积月累之后，会渐渐发现并掌握雅思阅读文章结构和段落结构的规律。

例如实验说明型的文章。作者围绕实验展开讨论。先介绍实验目的、条件准备和设置，接着描述实验过程，然后预测结果，随后再揭示真实结果，如果和预测相同，则分析原因;如果和预测不符，分析原因并且进行深一步讨论。

我们用剑五第二篇Nature or Nurture 来举例。首段作者交代实验目的，研究人们是否对leader的指示会无条件遵循;第二段介绍了实验设置——用电击来惩罚犯错学生;下一段是全部实验进程;第四段，预测没人会实施到450伏的电击;第五段，揭示真实结果，超过60%的参与者都实施了450伏电击;后面三段对animal aggression instinct和social environment 这两个原因进行分析;最后一段，作者并未给出结论，只是提出This is the problem of modern sociobiology。

我们通过抓每段的段落主旨，不只是了解了文章的段落布局，更会为我们解决雅思两大超难题型---list of heading &段落信息匹配助一臂之力。

六、精读内容之——题

题目是考生拿分的关键。在精读阶段，我们可以再次细读题目，并将题目翻译出来。然后就是最关键的一步------总结同义替换，即将题目中的词汇与在文章中所对应的替换点全部找出，并记录在笔记本上。

很多学员说精读是一件太劳神的事儿，其实我们没有发现无论在学习中还是在生活中，越是劳神的事儿就越对我们帮助很大吗?刚开始练习精读的学员们不要急于求成，每天精读3-4个自然段即可，慢慢积累。精读的习惯一旦养成，并坚持下去，你会明显感觉到自己的词汇量在上升、自己对句子如何断句的敏感度在提高、自己的阅读速度在迅猛增长，做题的正确率和速度自然也是随之提升。

以上就是精读的一些方法和技巧，希望对备战雅思的你有帮助，新东方祝大家考试顺利，梦想成真。

雅思阅读：四步搞定选词类Summary考题

先来看一个雅思阅读中的经典题目。

标题：GREYING POPULATION STAYS IN THE PINK

题型分布：选词summary--句子配对题(题型种类少，填空题目多达9题，可以按照本题顺序做)

解题步骤：

一、审题

(1) 题目提醒(无提示考察哪些段落)

(2) 小标题(无小标题提示考察内容)

(3) 题型顺序(首个题型，数目多，按照首段顺序读)

二、解题

(1) 选项词性/褒贬分组

选项词性既有名词，又有形容词，更有doing结构。而且，有两组反义词falling、increasing，earlier、later，可分别为同一空的备用选项。

(2) 预判

对于Q14的词性及色彩预判难点在于判断首个空前is的真正主语是谁。这里涉及到长难句分析，采用括号法将句子中的修饰成分去掉，我们抽出的句子主干如下：Research ( carried out by scientists in the United States ) has shown that the proportion ( of people over 65 suffering from the most common age-related medical problems ) is ______ 这里面我们总结出一个修饰结构sth./sb. + ( doing sth. / done by sth. / 介词+名词)，括号内的部分都是修饰性结构，我们真正关注的是这些结构前面的名词。去掉括号内的结构后，我们发现我们要的答案其实在这样一个结构中 proportion is _________ 。能力比较强的同学其实还会发现14、15、16空含有并列结构 and和also，句子色彩是保持一致的。

(3) 定位

第一句话题干中有United States和65作为显性定位词，而且从首段读开始读符合常理。通过预判寻找proportion 或其替换词。原文第2段含有结构 smaller proportion满足了要求，其他部分也与刚刚划出的括号内的结构有对应。

(4) 解题

Q14中词库中falling 对 smaller 做了替换，即为答案，反映出老年人患病人口减少的情况。Q15与之用and并列，表示这种speed如何，根据并列结构‘结构相同，色彩一致’的原则，选increasing 问题不大。原文中rate 与speed 对应，rate (at which these diseases are declining )continues to accelerate. 注意括号法的使用，即使考鸭们不熟悉accelerate(加速),根据 continue 代表动作的持续加之与前面内容色彩一致,increasing依旧为答案。Q16通过than的出现判断此空为比较级，earlier, later, more都符合，题目中 be donging及in the past 的出现表明在进行今昔对比。根据色彩一致性，疾病应该对老年人影响越来越晚为好。文章中第3段最后一句通过数据比较给出了答案即later。

Q17、Q18中间用到了but衔接，难度并不大，答案依次为M 、J。需要指出的是Q19 Q20同样适用了并列结构，尤其是Q19答案词性并不是常见的to do 结构。根据我刚刚提到的并列的两部分‘结构相同’的原则，可知Q19为与changes并列的名词。Q19 Q20 答案依次为N 、K。而需要指出的是Q21不少考鸭容易误选independent, 是因为忽视了reduction 这种表示色彩正负的关键词的提示，原文与之对应的为第7段的drop。所以，会顺利选出G。最后，Q22所在句子本身定位不明显，但有明显的比较级less做定位，回到原文第7段尾句，我们找到了答案financial burden 替换为cost。

总结:

题目的本身解析如上，但我们更希望做到举一反三，为各位考鸭总结出本题涉及到的两个主要考点并列关系及比较结构(涉及到的转折及因果关系以后有机会再作分享)。

1. 并列

1)and, or, as well as, not only ... but (also)... , both ... and ... , either ... or ... , neither ... nor ...

2)also, as well, too

3)in addition to ... , apart from ...

4)one ... another... , some ... others ...

5)多逗号结构

6)分号并列结构

2. 比较

1)比较级 -er, more, less

2)数据比较

3)词汇

A. increase, rise, grow, climb, go up, soar, surge, improve

B. decrease, fall, drop, dip, decline, plunge, lessen, reduce (reduction), cut

C. the same as, be similar to, as ... as

雅思阅读全真练习系列：Next Year Marks the EU's 50th Anniversary of the Treaty

Next Year Marks the EU's 50th Anniversary of the Treaty

A. After a period of introversion and stunned self-disbelief, continental European governments will recover their enthusiasm for pan-European institution-building in . Whether the European public will welcome a return to what voters in two countries had rejected so short a time before is another matter.

B. There are several reasons for Europe’s recovering self-confidence. For years European economies had been lagging dismally behind America (to say nothing of Asia), but in the large continental economies had one of their best years for a decade, briefly outstripping America in terms of growth. Since politics often reacts to economic change with a lag, 2006’s improvement in economic growth will have its impact in 2007, though the recovery may be ebbing by then.

C. The coming year also marks a particular point in a political cycle so regular that it almost seems to amount to a natural law. Every four or five years, European countries take a large stride towards further integration by signing a new treaty: the Maastricht treaty in 1992, the Treaty of Amsterdam in , the Treaty of Nice in . And in they were supposed to ratify a European constitution, laying the ground for yet more integration—until the calm rhythm was rudely shattered by French and Dutch voters. But the political impetus to sign something every four or five years has only been interrupted, not immobilised, by this setback.

D. In 2007 the European Union marks the 50th anniversary of another treaty—the Treaty of Rome, its founding charter. Government leaders have already agreed to celebrate it ceremoniously, restating their commitment to “ever closer union” and the basic ideals of European unity. By itself, and in normal circumstances, the EU’s 50th-birthday greeting to itself would be fairly meaningless, a routine expression of European good fellowship. But it does not take a Machiavelli to spot that once governments have signed the declaration (and it seems unlikely anyone would be so uncollegiate as to veto it) they will already be halfway towards committing themselves to a new treaty. All that will be necessary will be to incorporate the 50th-anniversary declaration into a new treaty containing a number of institutional and other reforms extracted from the failed attempt at constitution-building and—hey presto—a new quasi-constitution will be ready.

E. According to the German government—which holds the EU’s agenda-setting presidency during the first half of 2007—there will be a new draft of a slimmed-down constitution ready by the middle of the year, perhaps to put to voters, perhaps not. There would then be a couple of years in which it will be discussed, approved by parliaments and, perhaps, put to voters if that is deemed unavoidable. Then, according to bureaucratic planners in Brussels and Berlin, blithely ignoring the possibility of public rejection, the whole thing will be signed, sealed and a new constitution delivered in -10. Europe will be nicely back on schedule. Its four-to-five-year cycle of integration will have missed only one beat.

F. The resurrection of the European constitution will be made more likely in 2007 because of what is happening in national capitals. The European Union is not really an autonomous organisation. If it functions, it is because the leaders of the big continental countries want it to, reckoning that an active European policy will help them get done what they want to do in their own countries.

G. That did not happen in 2005-06. Defensive, cynical and self-destructive, the leaders of the three largest euro-zone countries—France, Italy and Germany—were stumbling towards their unlamented ends. They saw no reason to pursue any sort of European policy and the EU, as a result, barely functioned. But by the middle of 2007 all three will have gone, and this fact alone will transform the European political landscape.

H. The upshot is that the politics of the three large continental countries, bureaucratic momentum and the economics of recovery will all be aligned to give a push towards integration in 2007. That does not mean the momentum will be irresistible or even popular. The British government, for one, will almost certainly not want to go with the flow, beginning yet another chapter in the long history of confrontation between Britain and the rest of Europe. More important, the voters will want a say. They rejected the constitution in 2005. It would be foolish to assume they will accept it after 2007 just as a result of an artful bit of tinkering.

Questions 1-6 Do the following statemets reflect the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 1?

Write your answer in Boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet.

TRUE if the statemenht reflets the claims of the writer

FALSE if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer

NOT GIVEN if it is possbile to say what the writer thinks about this

1.After years’ introspection and mistrust, continental European governments will resurrect their enthusiasm for more integration in 2007.

2. The European consitution was officially approved in 2005 in spite of the oppositon of French and Dutch voters.

3. The Treaty of Rome , which is considered as the fundamental charter of the European Union, was signed in 1957.

4.It is very unlikely that European countries will sign the declaration at the 50th anniversary of the Treaty of Rome.

5.French government will hold the EU’s presidency and lay down the agenda during the first half of .

6.For a long time in hisotry, there has been confrontation between Britain and the rest of European countries.

Questions 7-10 Complet the following sentencces.

Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from Reading Passage 1 for each answer.

Write your answer in Boxes 7-10 on your answer sheet.

7. Every four or five years, European countries tend to make a rapid progress towards ___________________by signing a new treaty.

8. The European constitution is supposed to ______________________for yet more integration of European Union member countries.

9. The bureaucratic planners in Brussels and Berlin rashly ignore the possibility of __________________and think the new consitution will be delivered in 2009-10.

10. The politics of the three large continental countries, __________________ and the economic recovery will join together to urge the integration in 2007.

Questions 11-14 Choose the appropriate letters A-D and write them in boxes 11-14 on your answer sheet.

11. Which of the following statemnts is true of Euopean economic development.

A. The economy of Europe developed much faster than that of Asia before 2006.

B. The growth of European economy was slightly slower than that of America in 2006.

C. The development of European economy are likely to slow down by 2007.

D. The recovery of European economy may be considerably accelerated by 2007.

12. The word “immobilised” in the last line of Section C means ___________.

A. stopped completely.

B. pushed strongly.

C. motivated wholely.

D. impeded totally.

13. Which of the following statements about the treaties in European countries is NOT TRUE.

A. The Maastricht Treaty was signed in 1992.

B. The Treaty of Amsterdan was signed in 1997.

C. The Treaty of Nice was signed in 2001.

D. The Treaty of Rome was signed in 2007.

14. The European constitution failed to be ratified in 2005--2006, because

A. The leaders of France, Italy and Germany were defensive, cynical and self-destructuve..

B. The voters in two countries of the Union --France and Holland rejected the constitution.

C. The leaders of the EU thought that it was unneccessary to pursue any European policy.

D. France, Italy and Germany are the three largest and most influential euro-zone countries.

Notes to the Reading Passage

1. pan-Enropean

pan-: 前缀：全，总，泛

pan-African 全/泛非洲的(运动)

pan-Enropean全/泛欧的(机构建设)

2. outstrip

超越，胜过，超过，优于

Material development outstripped human development”“物质的发展超过了人类的进步”

3. ebb

回落跌落;衰退或消减

The tide is on the ebb.正在退潮。

4. Machiavelli

马基雅维利，尼克尔1469-1527意大利政治理论家，他的著作君主论(15)阐述了一个意志坚定的统治者不顾道德观念的约束如何获得并保持其权力。

文章中意为“任何一个人都可以看到，显而易见。。。”。

5. hey presto

突然地;立即(魔术师用语)您看，变!

6. upshot

结果;结局

篇2：雅思听力如何进行精读

雅思听力如何进行精读

首先，严格按照考试要求和时间把题目做完。也就是说，你可以20分钟做完一篇文章的题目，也可以用1小时把三篇题目一气呵成。做完之后当然要对一对答案，把错误标注出来。

第二步，开始对文本进行研读。研读过程中完成两件事：第一，整理文章出现的核心词汇与话题词汇(尤其是你经常见到但是还不认识的);第二，对照中文翻译文本进行逐句研读。方法是：先看一遍英文，脑子里过一下这句英文该怎么翻译;然后去看正确的中文翻译，检视一下你的翻译与正确翻译有多大出处;最后再看一遍英文原句，理顺一下句子成分。当你完成整篇文章的逐句研读后，你对文章的细节理解应该已经非常透彻了。当然如果你还有余力，你可以分析一下句间关系和段间关系，句子之间与段落之间的衔接方法。

第三步，分析题目。当你完整把握了全文细节以及结构之后，在仔细研究每道题的出处考点以及设问方式。当然你也可以借助很多雅思参考书中的提干解析。

第四步，也是最重要的一个步骤，英译汉逐句翻译。在文章中挑选3-5段你认为理解困难度最高的段落进行“落笔逐句翻译”。不管你是写在纸上还是打在word里，这个环节都一定不能省略。你会发现，即使你已经对着翻译文本逐句进行精读了，你在逐词落笔翻译中依然会对这句话的用词、句式、成分以及整个段落构成有新的认识。

第五步，不是必须要求，但是却能够快速拔升你的阅读乃至整个英语能力：背诵段落。选取你落笔翻译过的难段进行背诵，注意背诵的目的不是为了把他们用在写作或者口语考试里，否则难度太大，也会显得很突兀。背诵过程最重要培养的是你的英语思维能力。

剑桥雅思必备词汇1

Section 1 音乐节演出

loads of 大量，许多

come across 偶然碰到

brochure n. 小册子

highlight n./v. (使)..突出

stand n. 架，台

lobby n. 大堂，大厅

flute n. 笛子

spoil v. 宠坏

refreshments n. 茶点，饮料

bargain n. 减价品

senior citizen 老年人

discount n. 打折

词汇拓展

chromatic adj. 半音阶的

diatonic adj. 全音阶的

major n./adj. 大音阶

minor n./adj. 小音阶

percussion n. 打击乐器

snare drum 小军鼓

cymbal n. 钹

tambourine n. 手鼓

castanets n. 响板

xylophone n. 木琴

gong n. 锣

wood wind instrument 木管乐器

piccolo n. 短笛

clarinet n. 单簧管;竖笛

oboe n. 双簧管

bassoon n. 巴松管，低音管

contrabassoon n. 低音巴松管

saxphone n. 萨克斯

Section 2 博物馆参观要求及活动介绍

dinosaur n. 恐龙

in regard to 关于，至于

guided tour 有导游的游览

brief v. 做简单说明

coach n. 城际巴士

foyer n. 门厅，休息室

backpack n. 背包

cloakroom n. 衣帽间

fragile a. 易碎的

handout n. 免费发放的传单

theatrette n. 小剧院

ground floor 一楼

screening n. 上映，放映

documentary n. 纪录片

habitat n. 栖息地，住处

词汇拓展

archaeology museums 考古博物馆

art museums 美术博物馆

history museums 历史博物馆

maritime museums 海洋博物馆

military and war museums 军事战争博物馆

mobile museums 汽车博物馆

natural history museums 自然历史博物馆

open-air museums 露天博物馆

science museums 科技博物馆

virtual museums 虚拟博物馆

zoological parks and botanic gardens 动、植物园

Section 3 地理实地考察方案

feedback n. 反馈

proposal n. 建议，提案

field trip 实地考察

typos n. 打字错误

layout n. 布局，设计

sequence v. 安排，排序

annotate n. 注解，注释

consequence n. 结果，后果

subheading n. 副标题

train of thought 思路

cut down 删减

format v. 编排格式

header n. 页眉

footer n. 脚注

bullet point 项目符号

be subjected to 被动地做某事

epic n. 叙述英雄事迹的电影和故事

awesome adj. 极棒的

comprehensive adj. 全面的，广泛的

sandstone n. 砂岩

plateau n. 高原

cliff n. 悬崖

erode v. 侵蚀

outcrop n. (岩层)露出地面

flock v. 聚集

indication n. 指示，表示

vegetation n. 植被

presumably adv. 大概，可能

invasion n. 侵略

penetrate v. 渗透

monolith n. 巨型独石

spire n. 尖塔，尖顶

trek v. 艰苦跋涉

vehicle n. 交通工具

词汇拓展

Africa 非洲

America 美洲

Antarctica 南极洲

Asia 亚洲

Europe 欧洲

Oceania 大洋洲

Atlantic Ocean 大西洋

Pacific Ocean 太平洋

Indian Ocean 印度洋

Arctic Ocean 北冰洋

Equator 赤道

Section 4 地理课课程介绍及知识运用

basics n. 基本原理

branch n. 分支，方面

impact n. 冲击，影响

semester n. 学期

bio-physical geography 生物物理地理学

topography n. 地形学

political geography 政治地理学

social geography 社会地理学

economic geography 经济地理学

historical geography 历史地理学

urban geography 城市地理学

migration n. 迁移

cartography n. 地图学

census n. 人口普查

disposal n. 使用，利用

pattern n. 模式，模型

confidential adj. 机密的

fold v. 折起来

atlas n. 地图册

depict v. 描绘

drawback n. 不利条件，缺点

replicate v. 复制

three-dimensional adj. 三维的，立体的

distortion n. 失真，变形

aerial photograph 航摄照片

Landsat n. 地球资源探测卫星

transmit v. 传递

词汇拓展

magnitude n. 震级

crust n. 地壳

topographical surveying 地形测量

contour 等高线地图

topping-out ceremony平顶仪式

剑桥雅思必备词汇2

Section 1 应聘酒店员工

temporary adj. 临时的，暂时的

shift n. 轮班

alternate v. 交替，轮流

generous adj. 慷慨的，大方的

uniform n. 工作服

waistcoat n. 西服的背心，马甲

midday n. 中午，正午

reference n. 推荐人，介绍人

vouch v. 替...担保

词汇拓展

resume n. 简历

recruitment n. 招聘

agency n. 中介，代理

job hunting 找工作

job hopping 跳槽

performance n. 工作表现

reward n. 奖励

benefit n. 奖金，补贴

motivation n. 积极性，动力

Section 2 广播节目-城市改造计划

councilor n. 议会议员

consultation n. 咨询

overhead adj. 头顶上的

resident n. 居民

shelter n. 遮蔽处

shade n. 树荫，阴凉

pavement n. 人行道

pedestrian n. 行人

signage n. 标志牌

intersection n. 十字路口

incorporate v. 包含

词汇拓展

monument n. 纪念碑

public lavatory 公共厕所

national highway 国道

district n. 区

residential area 居民区

urban adj. 市区的

suburb n. 郊区

outskirts n. 市郊

metropolis n. 大者肺

municipality n. 市政当局

municipal n. 市的，市政的

Section 3 讨论课程、考试、课外活动

grant n. 助学金

eligible adj. 符合条件的，合格的

sponsor v. 资助

scholarship n. 奖学金

desperate adj. 急需要的，绝望的

rehearse v. 排练

frantically adv. 疯狂地，狂热地

conductor n. 指挥

stretch v. 使全力以赴，使竭尽所能

hockey n. 曲棍球

stamina n. 耐力，体力

seminar n. 研讨会

on the same wavelength 合拍

tutorial n. (大学导师的)个别辅导时间

productive adj. 富有成效的

priority n. 优先事项

incentive n. 动力;激励，刺激

tackle v. 对付，处理

词汇拓展

instruction n. 教授，指导

cooperate v. 合作

experiment n. 实验

dissertation n. (博士)论文

angle n. 角度

semester n. 学期

ambition n. 抱负，志向

Section 4 澳大利亚原住民石刻画

aboriginal adj. 土著的

symbolic adj. 象征性的

characteristic n. 特征，特点

categorise v. 将分类

artistic adj. 艺术的

dynamic adj. 动态的，充满活力的

significant adj. 有重大意义的

depict v. 描绘，描画

static adj. 静态的

stick-like adj. 棍状的

naturalistic adj. 自然的

internal adj. 内部的

skeleton n. 骨架

curvy adj. 有曲线的;弯曲的

resemble v. 像，类似

miniature n. 微型图画

marine adj. 海洋的

prominently adv. 显著地

intrigue v. 激起……兴趣

serpent n. 蛇(尤指大蛇、毒蛇)

kangaroo n. 袋鼠

crocodile n. 鳄鱼

coincide v. 与...一致

disruption n. 崩溃，瓦解

inspiration n. 灵感

词汇拓展

archaeological adj. 考古的，考古学的

fieldwork n. 野外实地调查

contemporary adj. 当代的

interpretation n. 理解，解释

engraving n. 雕刻(术);版画

footprint n. 足迹

scholar n. 学者

mystery n. 神秘的事物

illustration n. 图解，例证

accurate adj. 精确的

identifiable adj. 可辨认的

complex adj. 复杂的

unintentional adj. 非故意的，无意的

disrespectful adj. 无礼的

priceless adj. 无价的

fragile adj. 易碎的

precious adj. 珍贵的

intact adj. 完好无损的

篇3：教你精读雅思阅读文章

精读文章是突破雅思阅读高分的必经途径。但是我们要明确，雅思阅读的精读一定是在做完题目之后进行的。目的为了查找漏洞单词，理解长难句和掌握文章结构。而不是把精读作为做阅读得一种方法，因为精读会耗费很长时间，需要逐句分析，考场上是不可能这样做的，根本来不及，因此一旦养成了先精读再做题的坏习惯，后果很严重。那下面就说说简答容易上手的精读方法

4个步骤教你精读雅思阅读文章

1.摘抄单词：准备一本笔记本，把文章里不能迅速反应中文意思的单词全部记下来(当然不包括专有名词)尤其注意里面的词组搭配，然后挨个去查字典。这个过程非常费时，非常痛苦，但是千万不要偷懒，第一眼不能想到意思的单词也要记下来，这说明掌握的还不牢固;另外一定要改掉每个单词只记一个意思的坏习惯，因为一词多义也是雅思阅读得一个考察重点。比如produce,同学们知道它有动词，生产的意思，但是在……produce is expensive.这道题中，produce却是名词农产品的意思。

2. 摘抄替换：认真分析每道题目在文章里的对应句，可能是一句话也能是多句，把题目中的考点和原文中的同意替换都整理出来，列出一个表格。这类同意替换也是所有单词中的重中之重，一定要整理下来重点记忆。

3.逐句理解，划分成分：把每句话的句子结构搞清楚，简单句找出主干，复杂句找出主从关系。先理解主干结构，再理解修饰部分。如果这一部分不会做，就要加强相关的语法知识的学习。

举个例子：

There is no doubt, however, that it is the increasing number of applicants with university education at all points in the process of engaging staff that has led to the greater importance of the curriculum vitae.

分析有插入语(however)的长难句时，我们首先把插入语去掉或提前。然后我们可以看出句子真正的主干部分，是在no doubt后连接的从句中，而这个从句中有一个同学们在读文章时不易识别的结构：强调句(it is … that), 看出这个，那么这句话的主干就不难找出了，是the increasing number of applicants has led to the importance of the curriculum vitae, 即不断增加的申请人数使简历变得重要。看完主干后，紧接着看剩下的短语，我们看到applicants后面紧跟着with university education, 限定了applicants的条件，即具有大学学历的申请者，再加上一个状语的限制in the process of engaging staff, 即在员工录入的过程中，通过这样一系列的步骤后，整句话的意思就很清晰了。

4理清文章整体结构，找出每个段落主题和细节：这一步是从微观细节上升到宏观结构，大多数同学就是太关注细节，而缺少这种整体把控的能力和意识。段落结构和文章结构的有效理解对对于解heading题和段落信息匹配题尤为重要。

· 对于文章结构，我们要知道它是按时间顺序，还是提出问题和解决方案，还是呈现不同人的观点等等;

· 对于段落内部，如果有主题句，理解主题句;如果没有，尝试体会重点要表达的意思。这对于标题和信息匹配题目非常重要。

当我们能把结构理清，主题细节分辨好之后，我们真正需要阅读的内容就会大大缩短，对于我们阅读速度的提高也是很有帮助的。

以上就是精读的基本方法，重点针对“读“这一个方面。如果有细心的同学对比过雅思阅读和写作的素材，不难发现，雅思阅读得文章也是很好的大作文的素材，比如lost of words(剑4)这篇文章就是大作文里语言保护话题得优秀素材。所以同学们除了读以外，还可以根据大作文的题目进行摘抄的素材整理。

最后，精度要坚持，要精不要量，两本书就够了，虽然一开始总结单词很麻烦，但是理论上说，如果每一篇单词都掌握，那么下一篇中的陌生单词就会越来越少，因为你认识的词已经越来越多了。所以精读的速度也会越来越快，你考试看文章的速度也会越来越快。

雅思阅读材料大集合：英国超辣汉堡致5人住院

Diners are being asked to sign a waiver before eating a fiery chilli burger - after it put five people in hospital.

英国一餐厅推出的热辣汉堡已导致5人住院，现在再想吃这款“变态辣”汉堡要先签署免责声明。

The _X Hot Chilli Burger - dubbed the hottest dish in Britain - is served to over 18s only at Burger Off in Sussex.

这款被称为英国最辣的热辣汉堡，是苏塞克斯郡汉堡店Burger Off 的料理，仅卖给18岁以上的成年人。

It is topped with chilli sauce worth a staggering 9.2million on the Scoville scale - a measure of the 'hotness' of foods. In contrast, the average chilli pepper comes in at just 500 Scoville Heat Units.

热辣汉堡涂有“史高维尔辣度指标”920万的辣椒酱。“史高维尔辣度指标”是测量食物辣度的指标，普通辣椒指数仅500。

One diner was taken to hospital with a suspected perforated bowel after eating the spicy dish, while four others were admitted for treatment on the same night for suspected anaphylactic shock.

一位顾客在吃了这款热辣汉堡后疑似因肠穿孔被送往医院救治，当晚还有4位顾客疑似过敏休克入院。

Now, restaurant owner Nick Gambardella is asking customers to sign a legal disclaimer that prevents them from suing him if they fall victim to the red-hot burger.

汉堡店老板尼克·甘巴德拉为避免顾客用餐后出现不良反应起诉自己，要求顾客只有在签署了法律免责声明后方可尝试此热辣汉堡。

The document reads: 'I the undersigned accept all responsibility for any effects incured due to the consumtion of the above mentioned _X Hot Chilli Burger and release Burger Off, its owner and staff from any liability.'

声明中写道：“我签署同意，在Burger Off食用热辣汉堡所带来的一切后果责任由我个人承担，餐厅和餐厅老板、服务员免责。”

Mr Gambardella, 55, said he was 'amazed' that he was allowed to sell such a spicy burger - adding: 'It has been a massive hit with the customers'.

55岁的甘巴德拉说自己也很吃惊，居然得到了销售此款热辣汉堡的许可证，他补充道：“这在顾客中反响很大”。

'I have to admit I’ve not dared to try one of these burgers myself as they are so spicy,' he said. 'One guy came in and he was just a little bit cocky and when he left he was admitted to hospital because prior to eating the burger he had a stomach ulcerand we believe it perforated his bowel. He wasn’t in a good way but he pulled through.

“不得不承认，连我自己都不敢尝试这款热辣汉堡，因为它真的太辣了。”他说，“有位客人进店的时候还自以为是，但是离开的时候就直接入院了。在吃热辣汉堡之前这家伙就有胃溃疡，我们觉得在吃了汉堡之后他可能肠穿孔了。他还没有完全康复，但目前已经度过了危险期。”

The burger, which is on sale for only ￡3.90, features sauce based on a Piri Piri chilli concentrate, created through steaming and later infused with carbon dioxide.

这款热辣汉堡售价仅3.9英镑(约合人民币39元)，其特色在于添加其中的皮尔皮尔辣椒酱，这种辣椒酱的制作方法是先气蒸后注入二氧化碳。

So far, only 59 out of 3,000 challengers have succeeded in eating the entire dish. Many of the burger's conquerors have taken to Twitter and The Burger Off Facebook page to spread the word of their victory.

截至目前，3000名挑战者仅有59位成功吃完整个汉堡。许多挑战成功者在推特和Burger Off餐厅的脸书页面上炫耀自己的胜利。

Mr Gambardella said the burger had caused customers to adopt a number of undignified coping mechanisms, including stripping naked, begging for mercy, punching windows and vomiting.

甘巴德拉说，顾客在吃热辣汉堡时言行举止十分不雅，有的大脱衣服、有的跪地求饶、还有的捶窗呕吐。

It has also left many diners suffering from anaphylactic shock - a severe allergic reaction that can cause swelling, rashes and difficulty breathing.

大量顾客吃了热辣汉堡后过敏性休克，这种严重的过敏反应会导致肿胀、发疹和呼吸困难。

'The burgers are cooked properly - it’s the sauce that is maybe too hot to handle,' said Mr Gambardella.

甘巴德拉说：“其实汉堡烹饪是合理的。热辣汉堡这么辣，都是辣酱惹的祸。”

雅思阅读材料大集合：电影院里的骗局

In , China achieved a record-breaking high for its film industry's box-office revenues, which officially register at 21.769 billion yuan ($3.59 billion). But according to Wang Changtian, CEO of Enlight, that was at least 5 billion yuan short of the real number. Other experts put the gap at 2.4 billion, explaining the reported box-office figure at 10 percent less than the real one. That gap is someone's windfall, illegally pocketed by cinema owners and operators, professionally known as film exhibitors. And the regulating agency is getting tough on this kind of theft.

Wang Changtian has reasons to be angry. Over the Lunar New Year season that has recently wound down, he received on his microblog numerous audience reports, complete with photos, of tickets to Dad, Where Are We Going?, a runaway hit his company distributes. The tickets had no movie title printed on them or the prices printed were lower than what was actually paid by the moviegoers - all signs that the movie's revenues were not correctly registered.

The earliest manifestation of the shady practice of “box-office stealing” loomed a few years ago when individual moviegoers posted suspicious tickets online. Tickets of this type usually had movie title “A” computer-printed on it, but the printed title was scratched out by hand and title “B” written in. Fingers were pointed at the producer or distributor of title A, but more likely it was the movie theater that was behind it. The reason could be simple: Film A gives the exhibitor a larger share of the revenue than film B.

However, this is just the tip of the iceberg. Industry insiders reveal it was much worse before computer systems were installed in the nation's cinemas, and of course, before social media websites turned everyone into a potential reporter of such business deceit. As a matter of fact, some cinema investors were not even aware that they had to split their revenue with other parties. “This phenomenon started from the age of planned economy,” says Mao Yu, deputy director of the Film Bureau, a branch of the regulating agency.

But it may have turned from guerrilla tactics to larger-scale con games. For group purchases, violators would not even issue tickets, essentially not reporting a single cent of revenue from a whole screening. Since a representative of the group usually deals with the cinema, unless he or she specifically demands a printed ticket for each member of the group, all of them would be in the dark about income reporting from the cinema to the distributor.

Another trick lies in membership dues, which are often collected up front. When a paid member reimburses for a ticket, it may have only the screening room on it, and the exhibitors can choose to credit it to any movie they like, or not to any movie, in which case they pocket 100 percent of the revenue.

Some cinemas would go as far as investing in a separate point-of-sale computer system so that each ticket buyer gets the right ticket, but none of the data shows up on the centralized system. Instead, another set of credible purchase data would be put in the correct system, but with lower attendance.

Both distributors and exhibitors that I spoke to agree that cheating is much less rampant than before, say a dozen years ago, and now is mostly limited to third and fourth-tier cities. China Film Group, the nation's largest film production and distribution company, heads a consortium with several major private companies that hires 1,000 people to monitor cinemas nationwide, and Huaxia, another State-owned company, has a smaller army of 800.

However, there are situations even these sharp-eyed monitors can do little about. For example, if a cinema sells a ticket for 80 yuan, which is normal for primetime, but gives away a free popcorn, it may attribute as much as 60 yuan of the ticket price to the popcorn, leaving only 20 as the ticket price. But it can argue that 20 yuan is the minimum price for this particular film agreed upon by both sides and therefore it does not violate any rule.

A similar scheme was employed when Transformers 3 was bundled with Yang Shanzhou, a very small film with little box-office potential, making the latter into a strange film with eye-popping revenue (79 million yuan) but disproportionately fewer people who actually bothered to see it. There were sporadic online complaints about the practice even though consumers did not pay more for the package deal.

The State Administration of Press, Publication, Radio, Film and Television, the regulating agency, announced measures in late January to curb under-reporting and cheating on box-office revenues. A special fund is set up to subsidize the upgrading of computer software at point of sale. The current system was installed in and “cannot keep up with the new situation”, in the words of Jiang Tao, director of the fund. “The new system will fix loopholes and shorten the reporting window to only 10 minutes after a sale is made instead of waiting till next noon, which is the current reporting lapse in time, which leaves room for manipulation. The national platform will be ready by May and the cinema side will complete their upgrading by October.”

Apart from putting a stamp of authorization on all sales systems, SAPPRFT insists that all film tickets carry correct prices and movie admission. But conspicuously absent are concrete penalties for violations. The software upgrade will certainly be a great help, admit distributors and exhibitors, but it may not be enough.

“The cost of violation is still too low. If you're caught under-reporting 10 tickets, all you need to do is make up for the shortfall,” says Huang Ziyan, vice-president of Le Vision Pictures in charge of sales.

Cao Yong, a manager with the Huaxing UME cinema chain, suggests that violators should have their business license revoked. “Cinemas invest tens of millions of yuan and, with punishment of this severity, it would not make sense for them to steal 80,000 or 100,000 yuan from the box office.”

Other ideas have been floated such as the use of an infra-red camera that automatically scans a movie theater for attendance. The technology has been available for eight or nine years and it claims to have 95 percent accuracy. But it has never been put into use.

Filmmakers are reluctant to stand firm when they become victims because they do not want to offend the exhibition branch of the business chain - the branch that deals directly with end users. Some say they are no longer sad at the irregularity, but have come to the stage of despair.

This time it's for real, and “we'll cleanse the industry of this illegal and irregular behavior”, says Zhang Hongsen, director of SAPPRFT's Film Bureau.

，中国电影行业票房收入创下历史新高，据官方统计，收入达217.69亿元人民币(35.9亿美元)。据光线传媒总裁王长田透露，这一数字比实际数字少了至少50亿元。还有专家认为二者之间相差24亿元，票房上报数字与实际数字之间相差至少10%。其中的差额，进了一些人的腰包，成为了放映方，即影院所有人和经营者的非法收入。监管机构开始对此类事件进行严肃管理。

王长田的气愤是有理由的。在刚刚结束的春节档期，他的微博上收到许多观众留言，并附上电影《爸爸去哪儿》的电影票照片。这部电影是光线传媒公司发行的热门影片。有的电影票上没有电影的名字，而一些电影票上标出的价格要低于观众实际购票的价格。这些都说明上报的电影收入并不真实。

几年以前，就有观众将可疑的电影票上传到网上，那时候就出现了“偷票房”的恶劣行为。电脑打出的电影票上往往标记为A电影，但后来被涂改成B。有人指责A电影出品人和发行人，而幕后的操作者更有可能是影院方面的人员。原因很简单。相比B电影而言，放映方从A影片中得到的收入更多。

但这只是冰山一角。业内人士透露，在中国电影院尚未安装电脑系统，社交网站还没有让所有人都成为此类商业骗行的潜在报道者之前，这类事件要更加严重。事实上，部分电影投资者甚至根本不知道，其他人在分享他们的收入。电影监管机构、国家新闻出版广电总局电影局副局长毛羽说，“计划经济时代就出现了这种现象”。

但是，这已经从零散的现象，变成了规模巨大的骗局。违反规定的人甚至不会给团购观众发放电影票，在整场放映中基本不上报一分钱的收入。只有团购代表会与电影院直接打交道，所以如果他没有提出特殊要求，为每一位成员打印电影票，在电影院上报给发行方的收入报告中，是不会显示团购情况的。

在会费方面也会耍手腕，因为会费是提前收取的。会员的电影票上只显示在几号放映厅，放映方可以将电影票任意对应到别的影片上，或者根本不记录会员看过电影，这样他们就可以私吞所有的收入。

一些影院投资了单独的零售电脑系统，可以让购票者买到正确的电影票，同时不会让中央系统中显示任何数据。而另外一组可信的购买数据会被输入正确的系统中，但显示的上座率较低。

我了解到的发行商和放映方都认为如今的欺骗行为较从前，就是十几年前，收敛了很多;现在只有三、四线城市会出现这样的行为。中国的电影制作和发行公司中国电影集团同数家大型私人公司共同组建并领导了一个协会，雇佣1000人监督全国的影院。另一家国有电影公司华夏电影公司也拥有一支八百人的队伍。

但是，即使是这些精明的监督者也有力所不及的情况。例如，影院出售一张80元的电影票(热映电影的正常票价)，同时赠送免费的爆米花。这时候，爆米花可能占去票价中的60元，而电影票只能占票价中的20元。电影院声称，双方商议的影片价格就是20元，因此影院没有违反任何规定。

《变形金刚3》同票房潜力很小的小制作电影《杨善洲》捆绑，让后者取得了令人震惊的票房收入(7900万元)，但是这一数字同极少量的观影人数并不相符。这是一种类似的手段。虽然消费者不会为这样的捆绑交易多付钱，但网上还是有一些对这类行为的投诉。

作为监管机构，国家新闻出版广电总局一月底公布了治理虚报、谎报票房收入的办法。成立专门基金，补贴销售点电脑软件的升级。国家电影专资办主任姜涛表示，安装于的现行系统“跟不上新情况”。

“新系统会修补漏洞，销售结束十分钟以后即结束上报窗口，而不再等到第二天中午”，延缓上报时间，会为弄虚作假留下空间。五月即将建成平台，影院方面将于十月完成升级。

除了对所有销售系统进行管理，国家新闻出版广电总局坚持要求所有电影票显示正确的价格和入场费。但没有对违反规定的具体处罚措施。发行方和放映方承认，软件更新一定会提供很大帮助，但帮助可能不够。

“违反规定的代价还是太低了。如果被发现虚报了10次票价，只需要补上缺口即可，”乐视影业市场副总裁黄紫燕说。

华星UME影城的经理曹勇建议吊销违反规定的单位的营业执照。“电影院的投资上千万，这样严厉的惩罚，会让他们觉得为了8万、10万的票房受这样的惩罚划不来。”

还有人想到其他办法，如运用可以自动扫描影院放映厅上座率的红外摄像机。未来8到9年，将可以利用这项技术，据称这项技术的准确率为95%。但现在这项技术尚未得到使用。

电影制作方在受到损失时，不愿意太过严厉，因为他们不想得罪放映方，原因在于在商业链上放映方所处的环节直接接触终端用户。一些人说不再为这样的不规矩行为感到难过，而是开始失望。

这一次真的要采取行动，“我们要肃清行业中的这类非法，违规行为”，国家新闻出版广电总局电影局局长张宏森说。

4个步骤

篇4：雅思要怎么样精读？

一、找出句子的最简主干

对于大部分烤鸭来说，英语语法是高中和大学英语学习中一个不愿触及的痛，这导致了相当一部分同学很抵触雅思阅读的一个原因是句子又臭又长，搞不清楚句子中谁是什么成分，从而有种莫名其妙的恐慌，觉得雅思阅读句子好长、好难读懂。其实一切都没有大家想得那么难，精读的第一步便是尽力读懂句子主干。大家一定要记住的关键点是——雅思阅读对于语法的考查完全不同于高中英语，不会因为该选which的时候你选了that就扣你的分，所以请化繁为简，读懂句子先从抓句子最简主干开始。如果我们把简单句的种类罗列下来，可能有同学会开始纠结主谓宾宾和主谓宾补的区别，但一钻进语法的圈套里，你就输了。其实如果我们把一个句子简化到极值，可以认为一个句子只有两种情况：1主语做了什么/主语被怎么样了 2主语是什么样的。结合Young children’s sense ofidentity的A段——

A sense of self develops in young children by degrees. The process can usefullybe thought of in terms of the gradual emergence of two somewhat separatefeatures: the self as a subject, and the self as an object. William Jamesintroduced the distinction in 1892, and contemporaries of his, such as CharlesCooley, added to the developing debate. Ever since then psychologists havecontinued building on the theory.A段的最简主干逐句分析如下：

1.a senseof self (主语)+ develops (做了什么)

2.theprocess (主语)+ be thought of (被怎么样了)

3.WilliamJames (主语)+introduced (做了什么), contemporaries (主语)+added to (做了什么)

4.psychologists(主语)+havecontinued (做了什么)

然后再看到E段中的第二句话——This second step in the development of a full sense of self is what Jamescalled the ‘self-as object’.该句的最简主干便是This second step(主语)+is ……(是什么样的)

我们会发现，其实精读的第一步真的很简单，全文每一句话都可以很快地抓住主语以及谓语动词，不管是主语做了什么还是主语是什么样的，都能非常迅速地帮助我们抓住这句话想要告诉我们关于主语的什么信息，一方面可以渐渐消除同学们对于长难句的恐慌(其实真的没有那么难)，另一方面，寻获最简主干之后，就可以进阶至下一层次的精读。

二、划出句子中的生词

对于很多烤鸭来说，句子中的生词似乎成为了阻止他们读懂句子的关键。精读的第二个步骤便是让同学们在句子中划出自己完全不认识的生词。如果整个句子没有生词，那请轻松略过此步，但如果句子中有不认识的词，可用荧光笔在原文中勾画出，并在生词旁边标上序号，按照1、2、3顺次排列下去。同时注意在借助工具查出生词意思之前，希望同学们可以做以下两个分步骤：

1.判断是否可以通过上下文或词根、词缀猜测出生词的意思

2.如果不认识这个词，是否会严重影响对整个句子意思的把握——如果会影响对整个句子意思的把握，那么这个词一定要认识;但如果不影响理解句意，那么可以根据自己的好学程度，选择是否识别记忆该单词。

这两个分步骤不但可以帮助同学们反复在实践中练习和掌握猜单词的方法和节奏、并且也可以逐步缓和同学们对于生词的恐惧心理，慢慢发现其实有些不认识的词并不影响对整句话意思的理解，所以在考试中完全不需要以读懂每一个词为目的。

例如A段第二句，The process can usefully be thought of in terms of the gradual emergenceof two somewhat separate features: the self as a subject, and the self as anobject. 在这句话里，emergence也许是生词，划出该词，并在旁边标上序号1。在有生词的情况下，请试着在语境中猜测生词的意思，甚至完全忽略生词，从而达到大致读懂句子的目的。如果生词的存在并不影响对句子的准确理解，那么生词不作强制性记忆要求;但如果生词的存在严重影响对句子的理解质量，那么请一定将这个生词的序号旁边打上星号，然后查字典，将这个词的中文意思和词性写在笔记本上。

在这里举到的例子中，不认识emergence其实并不对句子的核心意思构成威胁，所以在这句话中，该词其实并不重要，但从长期备战雅思考试的角度来看，建议同学们可以对自己要求更高些，在字典中查出该词的意思，在笔记本上标出和文章中相同的序号，誊写生词的中文意思和词性。同样，如果对自己的要求更高些，可以考虑将生词的派生词也共同积累在笔记本上，比如emerge/ emergence/ emergency/ emergent等，甚至可以将自己可以想到的这些词的近义词写在旁边，比如emerge /appear/occur等，如果不确定拼写，请借助字典。同样主动的思考是忘却的强敌，既然这里的生词是发生、出现的意思，那么完全也可以把反义词罗列在旁边，所以disappear/vanish也可以自主地补充在旁边。注不要将生词的中文意思直接写在课本上，课本上只留下荧光笔的印记和序号即可。

三、划出句子中一词多义、或不完全肯定意思的词/词组

词汇的积累一方面是从无到有，换句话说就是从完全没见过这个词进化成认识这个词;另一方面是从有到优，也就是从认识这个词但需要想一下才能记得它的意思，到熟悉、甚至掌握这个词在写作或口语中的用法。这样的积累不但能从本质上提高文章理解的质量、更能提高文章理解的速度，并且可以灵活使用在其它科目中。例如，仍然用A段第二句作为讲解示范。在这个句子中，process/subject/object其实都是很多同学掌握得并不牢靠但非常眼熟的词。如果在阅读文章的过程中，经常遇到很眼熟，但是无法瞬间反应出意思的词，建议大家还是稳妥些，用荧光笔留下记号，然后查字典，将这个词不同的词性和意思罗列在笔记本上，最好可以联系上下文在释义中选择正确的意思，并着重记忆文章中出现的意思。比如process这个词经常用作动词，处理，在这里用作名词，过程;可以尝试从词性的角度对这类词加以区分。而有些词在同一词性中，也表示为差别较大的意思，这个就需要大家从理解的角度或从自己背的最常用意思的角度去判断。比如object这个词，作为动词的意思是反对，而在本句中，由于以an object的形式出现，所以肯定是名词;而在名词中，object在雅思阅读中最常用的意思是物体、物品，其次是目的、目标，最次是宾语，再结合句子的意思，很容易判断出这里的object显然是与subject相对应的，用作物体、物品的意思。另外，如果想做得更细致些，也可以找找这些词的同义词、近义词、反义词，也可以将这些词的派生词找出来加深印象。

四、划出无生词却没有一次就读懂的句子

很多烤鸭在读文章的过程中，眼、脑的配合不协调。常常发现明明眼睛已经扫过一句话了，甚至已经大声朗读了这个句子，再问他这句话的意思的时候，还要回过头重新读一遍。其实这样一种类似“有口无心”的缺陷，可以通过不断地精读训练，慢慢纠正。生词的问题我们在之前就已经解决完了，到第四步的时候，同学们对于这个句子存在理解障碍的原因就是在句子的语法上了。同样，这里再次提醒大家，雅思阅读不需要你熟练地说出这是什么成分、那是什么语法现象，只要你能读懂句子就行。对于很多烤鸭来说，似乎这是一个死循环，总会与我辩驳：“，如果我不知道这是什么成分，那是什么语法现象，我怎么能读懂句子呢?”其实精读第一步就已经为之后的精读埋下了伏笔。除了最简主干以外，其它部分都可以理解成为补充修饰的成分。

比如C段的第一句话——Another powerful source of information for infants about the effectsthey can have on the world around them is provided when others mimic them. 除了Another powerful source of information is provided以外，其它全部都是补充修饰的成分。如果在理解上有障碍，不如静下心来慢慢琢磨。慢慢理清楚句子的顺序，理清楚词和词之间的关系。比如 information是提供给infants的information, 并且是关于effects的，而这个effects其实是infants can have on the world around them的effects, 并且是发生在others mimic them的时候。自己在读句子的过程中，如果无法理清楚词和词之间的关系，可以借助工具书，因为所有的雅思阅读真题解析都有全文翻译。对照翻译去探究自己看不懂的句子，找到自己看不懂这句话的真正原因，并将这句话抄写在笔记本上。逐渐的积累，可以帮助同学们将自己不熟悉的句子慢慢熟悉起来，从而读懂雅思阅读文章中的长句。

五、从段落结构到文章结构

当坚持做完前面的四步之后，同学们的词汇、语法都会有所提升。而最后一步其实是进阶的一步。字、词、句，到段落、篇章。当把每一句的意思读懂之后，可以将段落的大意写在相应的段落旁边，并且可以体会段落结构，然后纵观文章的全部段落，体会文章的结构。若干篇文章读下来之后，会渐渐发现并掌握雅思阅读文章结构和段落结构的规律。精读是一件伤神费脑的事儿，但越伤神费脑，其实越说明这件事儿很重要、做这件事儿很必要。希望同学们可以将精读坚持到底。建议刚开始练习精读的同学们不要急于求成，每天精读3-4个自然段即可，慢慢积累，阅读能力的提高不是一蹴而就的事。当你养成了精读的习惯，并坚持下去，你会明显感觉到自己的词汇量在上升、自己对句子如何断句的敏感度在提高、自己的阅读速度在迅猛增长，做题的正确率和速度自然也是随之提升。

篇5：雅思阅读的精读训练

雅思阅读的精读训练真的没有效果么?

怎么读才是精读?

精读意味着仔细读，认真读，读到骨头里，不要只查查词，看看句子意思。如果是这样, 这还没达到精读的深度。

举个例子 513

For many environmentalists, the world seems to be getting worse. They have developed a hit-list of our main fears: that natural resources are running out; that the population is ever growing, leaving less and less to eat; that species are becoming extinct in vast numbers, and that the planet's air and water are becoming ever more polluted.

精读的步骤

第一步从词汇(单词, 短语)入手：把句子里的单词(主要是动词，形容词，副词)这三类词达到认知程度, 拓展同义词,派生词等，因为根据雅思阅读考点的出现频率看，这三类词最容易被替换。如果时间允许，再看看名词里的抽象名词，物质名词采取猜词技巧可以解决。例如以上的句子：

动词：

run out(拓展 exhaust/use up, 例如832 );

grow(拓展growth/increase/progress….例如441);

leave(拓展不仅表示“留下来，离开的意思，还可以表示使处于某种状态, 例如721);

eat(拓展 feed, 例如412);

extinct(拓展extinction/die out 例如513);

pollute(拓展 pollution/pollutant 例如532);

形容词和副词：worse; main; natural; less; vast;

名词：environmentalist; fear; resource; population; species; planet;

第二步从语法结构入手：分清句子的主谓宾或主系表;如果是复合句或长难句，拆分成简单句;例如: They have developed a hit-list of our main fears: that …..; that ……..; that…….., and that ……….. 此句后面的冒号是解释说明,后面有四个小分句;

第三步从段落结构入手: 分析段落内的连贯和衔接关系,并分析段落中的句子是如何衔接的. 例如: 以上的段落是总分结构总: For many environmentalists, the world seems to be getting worse. 分: They have developed a hit-list of our main fears: that …; that …..; that .,…., and that …..

第四步试着用不同的单词，不同的语法结构进行改写(paraphrase)，这个步骤称为“二度创作” 。刚开始训练时比较痛苦，因为在脑海中要搜寻学过的东西加以整理，这本身就是一个需要思考的过程。等训练多了形成自己的思维体系及语言表达能力后，输出改写就会得心应手了。例如上一段的改写

A number of environmentalists hold a pessimistic view of the earth. They have developed a hit-list of our main fears: that natural resources are exhausted; that the number of people is ever growing, leaving less and less to eat; that a vast number of species are dying out, and that air and water are polluted more seriously.

(2)RE精读策略

re是前缀, 意思是重复. RE精读策略意味着反复精读. 根据人类大脑记忆规律, 刚刚记完的知识记住了100%, 过了20分之后剩下58.2%................我们要进行二次精读, 三次精读…….. 直到读透为止. 古人云: “温故而知新”, 读第一遍和读第二遍对文章的理解是不同的, 读第一遍时,有的学生可能只记得个别单词,短语等; 读第二遍可能对句子之间的关系, 段落结构, 篇章结构就有了更深层次的理解.

(3)“瞻前顾后”的学习方法

我们尽量利用”瞻前顾后”的方法把当前学到的单词,短语等与之前精读文章里的单词短语等联系起来, 达到融会贯通, 触类旁通. 学习是输入和输出并行的过程, 输入就是学习者由外到内获取语言知识，精读就是很好的输入方式;输出就是学习者将所学的知识由内而外的再现过程。精读这个过程是输入, 输入后要消化, 吸收, 然后输出，这样才是个完整的学习过程. 如果只有输入, 没有输出, 会影响学习效果.

雅思考试阅读模拟试题及答案解析

1. A European spacecraft took off today to spearhead the search for another “Earth” among the stars.

2. The Corot space telescope blasted off aboard a Russian Soyuz rocket from the Baikonur cosmodrome in Kazakhstan shortly after 2.20pm.

3. Corot, short for convection rotation and planetary transits, is the first instrument capable of finding small rocky planets beyond the solar system. Any such planet situated in the right orbit stands a good chance of having liquid water on its surface, and quite possibly life, although a leading scientist involved in the project said it was unlikely to find “any little green men”.

4. Developed by the French space agency, CNES, and partnered by the European Space Agency (ESA), Austria, Belgium, Germany, Brazil and Spain, Corot will monitor around 120,000 stars with its 27cm telescope from a polar orbit 514 miles above the Earth. Over two and a half years, it will focus on five to six different areas of the sky, measuring the brightness of about 10,000 stars every 512 seconds.

5. “At the present moment we are hoping to find out more about the nature of planets around stars which are potential habitats. We are looking at habitable planets, not inhabited planets. We are not going to find any little green men,” Professor Ian Roxburgh, an ESA scientist who has been involved with Corot since its inception, told the BBC Radio 4 Today programme.

6. Prof Roxburgh said it was hoped Corot would find “rocky planets that could develop an atmosphere and, if they are the right distance from their parent star, they could have water”.

7. To search for planets, the telescope will look for the dimming of starlight caused when an object passes in front of a star, known as a “transit”. Although it will take more sophisticated space telescopes planned in the next 10 years to confirm the presence of an Earth-like planet with oxygen and liquid water, Corot will let scientists know where to point their lenses.

8. Measurements of minute changes in brightness will enable scientists to detect giant Jupiter-like gas planets as well as small rocky ones. It is the rocky planets - that could be no bigger than about twice the size of the Earth - which will cause the most excitement. Scientists expect to find between 10 and 40 of these smaller planets.

9. Corot will also probe into stellar interiors by studying the acoustic waves that ripple across the surface of stars, a technique called “asteroseismology”.

10. The nature of the ripples allows astronomers to calculate a star’s precise mass, age and chemical composition.

11. “A planet passing in front of a star can be detected by the fall in light from that star. Small oscillations of the star also produce changes in the light emitted, which reveal what the star is made of and how they are structured internally. This data will provide a major boost to our understanding of how stars form and evolve,” Prof Roxburgh said.

12. Since the discovery in 1995 of the first “exoplanet” - a planet orbiting a star other than the Sun - more than 200 others have been found by ground-based observatories.

13. Until now the usual method of finding exoplanets has been to detect the “wobble” their gravity imparts on parent stars. But only giant gaseous planets bigger than Jupiter can be found this way, and they are unlikely to harbour life.

14. In the s, ESA plans to launch Darwin, a fleet of four or five interlinked space telescopes that will not only spot small rocky planets, but analyse their atmospheres for signs of biological activity.

15. At around the same time, the US space agency, Nasa, will launch Terrestrial Planet Finder, another space telescope designed to locate Earth-like planets. Choose the appropriate letter from A-D for question 1.

1. Corot is an instrument which

(A) can help to search for certain planets

(B) is used to find planets in the orbit

(D) can spot any planets with water.

Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage? For questions 2-5 write

TRUE if the statement agrees with the information

FALSE if the statement contraicts the information

NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this in the passage

2. Scientists are trying to find out about the planets that can be inhabited.

3. BBC Radio 4 recently focuses on the broadcasting of Corot.

4. Passing objects might cause a fall in light.

5. Corot can tell whether there is another Earth-like planet.

雅思考试阅读模拟试题及答案解析

1. British scientists are preparing to launch trials of a radical new way to fight cancer, which kills tumours by infecting them with viruses like the common cold.

2. If successful, virus therapy could eventually form a third pillar alongside radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the standard arsenal against cancer, while avoiding some of the debilitating side-effects.

3. Leonard Seymour, a professor of gene therapy at Oxford University, who has been working on the virus therapy with colleagues in London and the US, will lead the trials later this year. Cancer Research UK said yesterday that it was excited by the potential of Prof Seymour's pioneering techniques.

4. One of the country's leading geneticists, Prof Seymour has been working with viruses that kill cancer cells directly, while avoiding harm to healthy tissue. “In principle, you've got something which could be many times more effective than regular chemotherapy,” he said.

5. Cancer-killing viruses exploit the fact that cancer cells suppress the body's local immune system. “If a cancer doesn't do that, the immune system wipes it out. If you can get a virus into a tumour, viruses find them a very good place to be because there's no immune system to stop them replicating. You can regard it as the cancer's Achilles' heel.”

6. Only a small amount of the virus needs to get to the cancer. “They replicate, you get a million copies in each cell and the cell bursts and they infect the tumour cells adjacent and repeat the process,” said Prof Seymour.

7. Preliminary research on mice shows that the viruses work well on tumours resistant to standard cancer drugs. “It's an interesting possibility that they may have an advantage in killing drug-resistant tumours, which could be quite different to anything we've had before.”

8. Researchers have known for some time that viruses can kill tumour cells and some aspects of the work have already been published in scientific journals. American scientists have previously injected viruses directly into tumours but this technique will not work if the cancer is inaccessible or has spread throughout the body.

9. Prof Seymour's innovative solution is to mask the virus from the body's immune system, effectively allowing the viruses to do what chemotherapy drugs do - spread through the blood and reach tumours wherever they are. The big hurdle has always been to find a way to deliver viruses to tumours via the bloodstream without the body's immune system destroying them on the way.

10. “What we've done is make chemical modifications to the virus to put a polymer coat around it - it's a stealth virus when you inject it,” he said.

11. After the stealth virus infects the tumour, it replicates, but the copies do not have the chemical modifications. If they escape from the tumour, the copies will be quickly recognised and mopped up by the body's immune system.

12. The therapy would be especially useful for secondary cancers, called metastases, which sometimes spread around the body after the first tumour appears. “There's an awful statistic of patients in the west ... with malignant cancers; 75% of them go on to die from metastases,” said Prof Seymour.

13. Two viruses are likely to be examined in the first clinical trials: adenovirus, which normally causes a cold-like illness, and vaccinia, which causes cowpox and is also used in the vaccine against smallpox. For safety reasons, both will be disabled to make them less pathogenic in the trial, but Prof Seymour said he eventually hopes to use natural viruses.

14. The first trials will use uncoated adenovirus and vaccinia and will be delivered locally to liver tumours, in order to establish whether the treatment is safe in humans and what dose of virus will be needed. Several more years of trials will be needed, eventually also on the polymer-coated viruses, before the therapy can be considered for use in the NHS. Though the approach will be examined at first for cancers that do not respond to conventional treatments, Prof Seymour hopes that one day it might be applied to all cancers.

Questions 1-6 Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage? For questions 1-6 write

TRUE if the statement agrees with the information

FALSE if the statement contradicts the information

NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this in the passage

1.Virus therapy, if successful, has an advantage in eliminating side-effects.

2.Cancer Research UK is quite hopeful about Professor Seymour’s work on the virus therapy.

3.Virus can kill cancer cells and stop them from growing again.

4.Cancer’s Achilles’ heel refers to the fact that virus may stay safely in a tumor and replicate.

5.To infect the cancer cells, a good deal of viruses should be injected into the tumor.

6.Researches on animals indicate that virus could be used as a new way to treat drug-resistant tumors.

Question 7-9 Based on the reading passage, choose the appropriate letter from A-D for each answer.

7.Information about researches on viruses killing tumor cells can be found

(A) on TV

(B) in magazines

(D) in newspapers

8.To treat tumors spreading out in body, researchers try to

(A) change the body’ immune system

(B) inject chemotherapy drugs into bloodstream.

(D) disguise the viruses on the way to tumors.

9.When the chemical modified virus in tumor replicates, the copies

(A) will soon escape from the tumor and spread out.

(B) will be wiped out by the body’s immune system.

(D) will eventually stop the tumor from spreading out.

Questions 10-13 Complete the sentences below. Choose your answers from the list of words. You can only use each word once.

NB There are more words in the list than spaces so you will not use them all.

In the first clinical trials, scientists will try to ……10…… adenovirus and vaccinia, so both the viruses will be less pathogenic than the ……11…….These uncoated viruses will be applied directly to certain areas to confirm safety on human beings and the right ……12…… needed. The experiments will firstly be ……13……to the treatment of certain cancers

Questions 10-13 Complete the sentences below. Choose your answers from the list of words. You can only use each word once.

NB There are more words in the list than spaces so you will not use them all.

List of Words

dosage responding smallpox virus

disable natural ones inject

directed treatment cold-like illness

kill patients examined

Answers Keys:

1.答案：FALSE (见第2段：If successful, virus therapy could eventually form a third pillar alongside radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the standard arsenal against cancer, while avoiding some of the debilitating side-effects. Virus therapy 只能避免一些副作用，而不是根除。)

2.答案：TRUE (见第3段，特别是最后一句： Cancer Research UK said yesterday that it was excited by the potential of Prof Seymour's pioneering techniques. )

3. 答案：NOT GIVEN (文中没有提到virus可以抑制肿瘤细胞再生长)

4. 答案：TRUE (见第5段第3、4句：这里“cancer’s Achilles' heel”指 “If you can get a virus into a tumour, viruses find them a very good place to be because there's no immune system to stop them replicating.” Achilles' heel的意思是“唯一致命弱点”)

5. 答案：FALSE (见第6段第第1句：Only a small amount of the virus needs to get to the cancer.)

6. 答案：TRUE (见第7段：Preliminary research on mice shows that the viruses work well on tumours resistant to standard cancer drug. ……, which could be quite different to anything we've had before.“ )

7. 答案：B (见第8段第1、2句：Researchers have known for some time that viruses can kill tumour cells and some aspects of the work have already been published in scientific journals. Journal意思是“日报、期刊、杂志”)

8. 答案：D (见第9段第1句：Prof Seymour's innovative solution is to mask the virus from the body's immune system, …… “mask”的意思是“掩盖、隐蔽、伪装”，在这里和 “disguise”同义。)

9. 答案：B (见第11段第2句： If they escape from the tumour, the copies will be quickly recognised and mopped up by the body's immune system.. “mop up”这里与 “wipe out” 同义，意思是“消灭、歼灭”。)

10.答案：disable (见第13段最后1句：For safety reasons, both will be disabled to make them less pathogenic in the trial, but Prof Seymour said he eventually hopes to use natural viruses. )

11. 答案：natural ones (见第13段最后1句：For safety reasons, both will be disabled to make them less pathogenic in the trial, but Prof Seymour said he eventually hopes to use natural viruses. )

12. 答案：dosage (见第14段第1句：The first trials will use uncoated adenovirus and vaccinia and will be delivered locally to liver tumours, in order to establish whether the treatment is safe in humans and what dose of virus will be needed.)

13. 答案：directed (见第14段最后1句：Though the approach will be examined at first for cancers that do not respond to conventional treatments, …)

篇6：雅思阅读文章如何把握精读要点

雅思阅读文章如何把握精读要点

生词背过一遍后，再读一遍文章。文章中的每句话每个段落读懂记住，记不住的可以在单词后面标记1，重点记忆;再读的时候，记不住可以标2，标3;这样反复记忆。有些单词就是和我们的记忆犯怵，需要反复标注重复记。

有的同学做精读时，甚至有单词标12、13，几个单词翻来覆去记不住。这样只有重复，不断的重复看那句话，那些句子。直到自己再一次读文章能想起来词汇的意思，标注的数字13就可以划掉，下次再想起来，划掉12,11，一次划掉一个数字…通过这样第二次的阅读，词汇就积累下来。

还有另一种可能，句子中的词汇全都认识，但依然读不懂整个句子。这样的同学问题在语法上。可以把句子抄在本上分析句型，看语法点，找出自己的问题。抄几个句子后不难发现，句子和句子之间都是相通的，结构一样，自己可能就卡在某一个语法点上不熟悉。把句型弄清楚了，句子就明白了。

第三种可能，文章中单词都认识，句型也明白，但还是整句意思读不懂。这就可能是“熟词僻意”。就是某个词同学们以为自己认识，其实不然。

比如medical complaint 很多同学将两个词分开翻译，联系起来翻译为医疗。但其实，这个词是内科疾病。比如，international relief 是国际救援。

雅思阅读解题技巧分享：Multiple choice

Task description

In this question type you will be given a 'stem' which may be an incomplete sentence or a question. The stem will be followed by three or four options - one will be correct (the answer) and three may seem possible but are in fact incorrect in some way (the distracters).

In tackling this type of question, it is very important to read the stem carefully. Candidates often make careless mistakes when they misread the stem and so choose the wrong option.

What is being tested

Multiple choice questions can be designed to test a wide variety of reading skills. The questions may require you to have an overall understanding of the main points of the text as in Question 1 of the sample task, in which case you will need to be able to read for gist. Or they may require you to have a detailed understanding of particular points as in questions 2 and 3 of the Sample Task, in which case you will need to be able to read for specific details. Multiple choice questions may also ask you to identify facts or opinions in the text.

How to approach summary completion questions

Step 1: Read the instructions carefully

Step 2: Skim all the questions briefly to get an idea of the topics for which you will be searching when reading the text.

Step 3: Read the first question again more carefully. Decide what you will need to read to answer the question. Is the question asking you for a particular detail that you need to find in the text? Or is the question asking you for an answer which requires a global understanding of the whole text?

Step 4: Once you have decided the best strategy for dealing with the question (as above), you will need to proceed to read the text in the appropriate manner, for example reading for gist, reading for detail etc.

雅思阅读解题技巧分享：Identify writer's views

Task description

In this task type you will be given a number of statements. You will have to decide if these statements agree with the writer's views.

To complete this task well you will often need to be able to recognise the writer's views not only from what is said directly, but also from what is implied. For example, we do not need the writer to state directly that he/she disapproves of zoos. We can infer this disapproval if the writer states his/her disapproval of the following: animals being taken from the wild, animals being caged, people paying money to see animals, animals not having any privacy. However, if the writer simply describes the problems with zoos this does not necessarily imply disapproval.

Also, we should not try to guess the writer's views. In statement 5 of the sample task on the following page, we should not assume that because we think that the lifeboats should have rescued more people, or because 'everybody' thinks that the lifeboats should have returned to rescue more people, that this is the writer's view. In this case the writer does not express any view on this issue; she simply states the fact that the lifeboats were not full and so the answer must be Not Given.

What is being tested is your ability to:

identify opinion and attitude

skim for detailed information

make inferences

How to approach questions requiring you to identify the writer's views

Step 1: Read the instructions carefully. Note that you are asked to identify the writer's opinion, which may not necessarily be the same as the facts. Note also the difference between the three categories you have to use, particularly:

No The statement contradicts the writer.

Not Given The writer does not give an opinion on this point.

Step 2: Skim through all of the statements to get an idea of the topics you will be searching for in your reading of the text.

Step 3: Read the first statement again more carefully. Note the main point or opinion given in the statement.

Step 4: Skim the text for the section which refers to that idea. If you come across information relating to other statements, put a mark beside the section so that you can find it quickly again later.

Step 5: Once you have found the appropriate section of the text, read more carefully. Decide if the statement agrees with the view of the author (select Yes) or disagrees with the author (select No). If the author doesn't give an opinion which agrees or disagrees with the statement then select Not Given.

雅思阅读解题技巧分享：Matching headings

Task description

In this type of question, you will be given a list of headings. The instructions will also indicate around 4 to 6 paragraphs from the reading text. The task is to find the most suitable heading for each of the paragraphs. There will be more headings than paragraphs, and you shouldn抰 use any heading more than once unless the instructions tell you that you can.

To complete this task well, you will need to be able to identify each paragraph抯 main focus. The correct heading will sum up the main idea of the paragraph.

You may like to print out the original reading text before attempting this test.

What is being tested is your ability to:

Identify the main idea of a paragraph

How to approach matching headings to paragraphs

Step 1: Read the instructions carefully. Note that the heading you choose should sum up the main idea of the paragraph. Also note which paragraphs you need to look at, as you are often not required to do them all.

Step 2: Familiarise yourself with the list of paragraph headings by skimming through them quickly.

Step 3: Read through the first paragraph for which you have to find a heading. Remember that you are reading to find out the main idea of the paragraph. Concentrate on the main idea or focus of the paragraph and try not to be distracted by details or by unfamiliar vocabulary.

Step 4: Choose the heading from the list which best sums up the main point of the paragraph you have just read. If you can抰 choose between two headings, go on to the next paragraph ?you can come back to that question later. But don抰 forget to make a choice before the end of the test because if you leave a blank or you have marked two answers on your answer sheet, you will be graded as incorrect for that question.

雅思阅读文章如何把握精读要点

篇7：雅思阅读精读别样解读

雅思阅读精读别样解读多精才算精?

雅思考试任一科目拿高分都绝非易事，靠的不只是答题技巧，更需要有扎实的基础。对于雅思阅读来说，剑4-12刷2篇也不能保证你拿高分，但是如果在刷题之外，再认认真真精读10-20篇阅读文章则高分则十拿九稳。

首先怎么界定你的阅读是否够“精“呢?一个简单的衡量标准就是，你学得越累，学习的效果就越好。很扎心吧，但是这个衡量方式很有道理。你学得累，证明你调动的认知资源更多，花费的精力更多，专注度更高，因此学习效果自然更好。比如一篇文章，浮光掠影的大致泛读与逐句翻译相比，当然是翻译在时间精力上的花费更大。

泛读的时候很多宝宝感觉已经读懂了文章大致，但是在逐句分析、精读、甚至背诵的时候，你就会发现词汇的用法，句子成分的分析，甚至是上下文背景的交代等细节，你还存在大量无法全面理解的知识点。这也体现出了精读的重要性。

精读的方向主要有两个，第一个是reading for learning，也就是说通过精读而让你的英语变得更好，这也是大多数宝宝在学英语中经历的环节。第二个方向是learning for reading, 也就是学习如何进行阅读，更多的是学习一些阅读方式以及技巧。这两种最常见的阅读方向分别如何进行精读呢?

雅思阅读精读方法之reading for learning

先说大家最熟悉的环节。雅思阅读的精读步骤是什么?首先，严格按照考试要求和时间把题目做完。也就是说，你可以20分钟做完一篇文章的题目，也可以用1小时把三篇题目一气呵成。做完之后当然要对一对答案，把错误标注出来。

以上就是reading for learning精读方式的5大步骤，总结起来就是做题目对答案——对照译文逐句精读——分析题目与答案——选段落笔翻译——选段背诵。

雅思阅读精读方法之learning for reading

learning for reading方向的精读方法，更加针对于阅读能力的集中提升，而非整个的语言能力。方法很简单。首先拿到一篇文章，先看它的题目，然后来个prediction，自己分析行文中可能会包括哪些内容。

举个栗子，一篇名为Jonsson’s dictionary 的文章，你尽量全面的猜测文章中会涉及到哪些内容。比如对Jonsson这个人的介绍，背景、学历、身份等，对dictionary的介绍，比如什么时候出版的，有什么特点，作者是谁，等等。

罗列出你的预测内容点之后再阅读文章，同时判断你的预测哪些在文中提到了，哪些是not given。所有你预测成功的内容，试着做一下段落matching，也就是说这些预测内容分别出现在文中的哪几段。最后有余力的宝宝们可以试试自己做一个summary，进行一下句子的改写。怎么改写?直接看学姐发给大家的雅思同义替换词学学套路。

大家发现了吗，这一系列的流程结束后，雅思阅读中的高频题型能力你都得到了提升。这也就是所谓的learning for reading。

精读也许很耗时，但是效果却很显著。学姐强烈建议备考的宝宝用心试一个月，你会看到很明显的阅读能力的提升。还等什么，动起来!

家带来的《雅思阅读精读别样解读多精才算精?》的全部内容。想让自己的复习过程高效科学，让自己的考试从容优雅，答题速度快成闪电，正确率高过喜马拉雅，请持续关注小站雅思频道。祝2018年与雅思一战即分道扬镳。

雅思阅读素材积累：Game lessons

It sounds like a cop-out, but the future of schooling may lie with video games

SINCE the beginning of mass education, schools have relied on what is known in educational circles as ”chalk and talk“. Chalk and blackboard may sometimes be replaced by felt-tip pens and a whiteboard, and electronics in the form of computers may sometimes be bolted on, but the idea of a pedagogue leading his pupils more or less willingly through a day based on periods of study of recognisable academic disciplines, such as mathematics, physics, history, geography and whatever the local language happens to be, has rarely been abandoned.

Abandoning it, though, is what Katie Salen hopes to do. Ms Salen is a games designer and a professor of design and technology at Parsons The New School for Design, in New York. She is also the moving spirit behind Quest to Learn, a new, taxpayer-funded school in that city which is about to open its doors to pupils who will never suffer the indignity of snoring through double French but will, rather, spend their entire days playing games.

Quest to Learn draws on many roots. One is the research of James Gee of the University of Wisconsin. In 2003 Dr Gee published a book called ”What Video Games Have to Teach Us About Learning and Literacy“, in which he argued that playing such games helps people develop a sense of identity, grasp meaning, learn to follow commands and even pick role models. Another is the MacArthur Foundation's digital media and learning initiative, which began in 2006 and which has acted as a test-bed for some of Ms Salen's ideas about educational-games design. A third is the success of the Bank Street School for Children, an independent primary school in New York that practises what its parent, the nearby Bank Street College of Education, preaches in the way of interdisciplinary teaching methods and the encouragement of pupil collaboration.

Ms Salen is, in effect, seeking to mechanise Bank Street's methods by transferring much of the pedagogic effort from the teachers themselves (who will now act in an advisory role) to a set of video games that she and her colleagues have devised. Instead of chalk and talk, children learn by doing—and do so in a way that tears up the usual subject-based curriculum altogether.

Periods of maths, science, history and so on are no more. Quest to Learn's school day will, rather, be divided into four 90-minute blocks devoted to the study of ”domains“. Such domains include Codeworlds (a combination of mathematics and English), Being, Space and Place (English and social studies), The Way Things Work (maths and science) and Sports for the Mind (game design and digital literacy). Each domain concludes with a two-week examination called a ”Boss Level“—a common phrase in video-game parlance.

Freeing the helots

In one of the units of Being, Space and Place, for example, pupils take on the role of an ancient Spartan who has to assess Athenian strengths and recommend a course of action. In doing so, they learn bits of history, geography and public policy. In a unit of The Way Things Work, they try to inhabit the minds of scientists devising a pathway for a beam of light to reach a target. This lesson touches on maths, optics—and, the organisers hope, creative thinking and teamwork. Another Way-Things-Work unit asks pupils to imagine they are pyramid-builders in ancient Egypt. This means learning about maths and engineering, and something about the country's religion and geography.

Whether things will work the way Ms Salen hopes will, itself, take a few years to find out. The school plans to admit pupils at the age of 12 and keep them until they are 18, so the first batch will not leave until 2016. If it fails, traditionalists will no doubt scoff at the idea that teaching through playing games was ever seriously entertained. If it succeeds, though, it will provide a model that could make chalk and talk redundant. And it will have shown that in education, as in other fields of activity, it is not enough just to apply new technologies to existing processes—for maximum effect you have to apply them in new and imaginative ways.

雅思阅读素材积累：The screw tightens

ONE can almost hear the gates clanging: one after the other the sources of funding for Europe's banks are being shut. It is a result of the highly visible run on Europe's government bond markets, which today reached the heart of the euro zone: an auction of new German bonds failed to generate enough demand for the full amount, causing a drop in bond prices (and prompting the Bundesbank to buy 39% of the bonds offered, according to Reuters).

Now another run—more hidden, but potentially more dangerous—is taking place: on the continents' banks. People are not yet queuing up in front of bank branches (except in Latvia's capital Riga where savers today were trying to withdraw money from Krajbanka, a mid-sized bank, pictured). But billions of euros are flooding out of Europe's banking system through bond and money markets.

At best, the result may be a credit crunch that leaves businesses unable to get loans and invest. At worst, some banks may fail—and trigger real bank runs in countries whose shaky public finances have left them ill equipped to prop up their financial institutions.

To make loans, banks need funding. For this, they mainly tap into three sources: long-term bonds, deposits from consumers, and short-term loans from money markets as well as other banks. Bond issues and short-term funding have been seizing up as the panic over government bonds has spread to banks (which themselves are large holders of government bonds). This blockage has been made worse by tighter capital regulations that are encouraging banks to cut lending (instead of raising capital).

Markets for bank bonds were the first to freeze. In the third quarter bonds issues by European banks only reached 15% of the amount they raised over the same period in the past two years, reckon analysts at Citi Group. It is unlikely that European banks have sold many more bonds since.

Short-term funding markets were next to dry up. Hardest hit were European banks that need dollars to finance world trade (more than one third of which is funded by European banks, according to Barclays). American money market funds, in particular, have pulled back from Europe. Loans to French banks have plunged 69% since the end of May and nearly 20% over the past month alone, according to Fitch, a ratings agency. Over the past six months, it reckons, American money market funds have pulled 42% of their money out of European banks. European money market funds, too, continue to reduce their exposure to France, Italy and Spain, according to the latest numbers from Fitch.

Interbank markets, in which banks lend to one another, are now also showing signs of severe strain. Banks based in London are paying the highest rate on three month loans since 2009 (compared with a risk-free rate). Banks are also depositing cash with the ECB for a paltry, but risk-free rate instead of making loans.

That leaves retail and commercial deposits, and even these may have begun to slip away. ”We are starting to witness signs that corporates are withdrawing deposits from banks in Spain, Italy, France and Belgium,“ an anlayst at Citi Group wrote in a recent report. ”This is a worrying development.“

With funding ever harder to come by, banks are resorting to the financial industry's equivalent of a pawn broker: parking assets on repo markets or at the central bank to get cash. ”We have no alternative to deposits and the ECB,“ says a senior executive at one European bank.

So far the liquidity of the European Central Bank (ECB) has kept the system alive. Only one large European bank, Dexia, has collapsed because of a funding shortage. Yet what happens if banks run out of collateral to borrow against? Some already seem to scrape the barrel. The boss of UniCredit, an Italian bank, has reportedly asked the ECB to accept a broader range of collateral. And an increasing number of banks are said to conduct what is known as ”liquidity swaps“: banks borrow an asset that the ECB accepts as collateral from an insurer or a hedge fund in return for an ineligible asset—plus, of course, a hefty fee.

The risk of all this is two-fold. For one, banks could stop supplying credit. To some extent, this is already happening. Earlier this week Austria's central bank instructed the country's banks to limit cross-border lending. And some European banks are not just selling foreign assets to meet capital requirements, but have withdrawn entirely from some markets, such as trade finance and aircraft leasing.

Secondly and more dangerously, as banks are pushed ever closer to their funding limits, one or more may fail—sparking a wider panic. Most bankers think that the ECB would not allow a large bank to fail. But the collapse of Dexia in October after it ran out of cash suggests that the ECB may not provide unlimited liquidity. The falling domino could also be a ”shadow" bank that cannot borrow from the ECB.

Europe's leaders are certainly aware of the dangers—and are working on solutions. But it would not be the first time that their efforts are overtaken by events.

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