欢迎来到个人简历网!永久域名:gerenjianli.cn (个人简历全拼+cn)
当前位置:首页 > 范文大全 > 实用文>分词的用法

分词的用法

2022-09-10 08:34:11 收藏本文 下载本文

“EchoJzy”通过精心收集,向本站投稿了9篇分词的用法,下面是小编为大家整理后的分词的用法,如果喜欢可以分享给身边的朋友喔!

分词的用法

篇1:现在分词的用法

否定结构:

现在分词的否定式由“not+现在分词”构成。如:

Not knowing where to go, she went to the police for help.

她不知道该往哪儿走,就去请警察帮助。(现在分词一般式的否定结构)

Not seeing John, I asked where he was.

我看不见约翰,于是问他在何处。(现在分词一般式的否定结构)

Not being seen by anyone, the thief escaped.

那个贼趁无人看见时逃跑了。(现在分词被动式的否定结构)

Not having done it right,I tried again.

我由于没有做对,所以又试了试。(现在分词完成式的否定结构)

一般式:

(1) 现在分词的一般式通常表示其动作与谓语动词的`动作同时发生。如:

She sat there reading a novel.

她坐在那里看小说。

A little child learning to walk often falls.

学走路的小孩常常跌跤。

(2) 现在分词的一般式所表示的动作有时在谓语动词的动作之前发生。如:

Going into the room,he shut the door.

走进房间,他就关上了门。

完成式:

现在分词的完成式表示其动作在谓语动词的动作之前完成。

Having finished her homework, the little girl began to watch TV.

做完作业后,这个小女孩开始看电视。

Having lived in Beijing for many years, Carter knew the city well.

因为在北京住了多年,卡特对这个城市很熟悉。

篇2:英语现在分词用法

现在分词和过去分词主要差别在于:现在分词表示“主动和进行”,过去分词表示“被动和完成”(不及物动词的过去分词不表示被动,只表示完成)。分词可以有自己的状语、宾语或逻辑主语等。

1、分词作状语分词在句子中作状语,可以表示时间、条件、原因、结果、让步、伴随等。分词做状语时,它的逻辑主语与句子的主语一致。作状语的分词相当于一个状语从句。

[例如]

Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy. Using what you know of word stems and word formations, you can make a guess at the meaning of a new word. The students went out of the classroom, laughing and talking. Accompanied by his friend, he went to the railway station.Given better attention, the plants could grow better. He looked tired and depressed, visibly disturbed by the news of his mother‘s illness.

分词在句子中作状语,使用何种分词,要取决于分词与句子主语的关系:主谓关系用现在分词,动宾或被动关系用过去分词。

[例如]

Taught by mistakes and setbacks, we have become wiser and handled our affairs better. (we are taught/teach us) . Inspired by the International, the working people of all countries have been fighting for their final liberation. (the working people were inspired/ inspire the working people)____the earth to be flat, many feared that Columbus would fall off the edge.

A)having believed B) Believing C) Believed D) Being believed

本句意思为:相信地球是平的,许多人担心哥伦布会从边上掉下去。许多人与相信之间是主谓关系,及分词与主语之间为主谓关系。因此,应用现在分词,答案为B.

No matter how frequently ____, the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences.

A) performing B) performed C) to be performed D) being performed

本句中贝多芬的作品被反复表演,可见分词与句子的主语之间是被动关系,应该用过去分词,故答案为B.

____as it was at such a time, his work attracted much attention.

A) Being published B) Published C) Publishing D) To be published

本句中as引导的是让步状语从句,意思为:他的作品尽管在被这样的时候出版,还是引起了关注,可见分词与句子的主语之间是被动关系,应该用过去分词,故答案为B.

2、“while ( when, once, until, if , though等连词)+分词”结构现在分词或过去分词作状语时,有时可以在分词前加while,when, once, although, until, if等连词。

[例如]

When leaving the airport, she waved again and again to us.While waiting for the train, I had a long talk with my sister about her work……

Once recovered, he threw himself into his work and made every effort to do it well.

Although working very hard, he failed to pass the final exam. If translated word by word, the passage will be difficult to understand.

3、分词作定语分词作定语时,单个的分词通常放在被修饰的名词之前,分词短语一般置于所修饰的中心词后面。现在分词修饰的是发出该动作的名词(即与名词有主谓关系),过去分词修饰承受该动作的名词(即与名词是动宾关系)。

[例如]

We will go on with our experiment as soon as we get the added fund.

This is really an exhausting day to all of us!

We can see the part of the moon lighted by sunlight.

After a night spent in excitement and sleeplessness, I forced myself to take a long walk along the beach the next day.

More and more developing countries established strategic partnership with developed countries.

The young sitting between my sister and my brother is my cousin Jack……

As early as 1649 Ohio made a decision that free, tax-supported schools must be established in every town ____50 households or more.

A)shavingsB) to have C) to have had D)shavingshad Town

后面由分词做定语,而且town本身有50或以上人家,故town与分词间为主谓关系,应该用现在分词,答案为A.

4、分词作宾语补足语现在分词在see, watch, hear, observe, notice, feel, find, glimpse, glance等感官动词和look at, listen to等短语动词以及have, keep, get, catch, leave, set, start, send等使役动词后面与名词或代词构成复合宾语,作宾语补语的成分。

5、分词作表语分词作表语通常看作形容词来用。现在分词表示主语的性质,而且主语多为物;过去分词表示主语的感受或状态,主语多为人。

篇3:stop现在分词及用法是什么

用法

1、stop的基本意思是“停止,止住”,指动作、运动、活动或某项进程的中止,或运动中的物体的'中止,有短期或突然停止的意味。

引申可表示“逗留; 休息”“填塞,阻塞(道路)”“阻止,拦住”“拒绝给予或允许,止付,扣留”等。

2、stop可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时,接名词、代词、动名词或what从句作宾语,用动名词作宾语时其前可加名词、代词的属格或宾格表示动名词的逻辑主体。

3、stop用作不及物动词时,其后可接动词不定式作目的状语,也可以在stop后用and加动词原形。

篇4:法语现在分词的经典用法

法语现在分词可以表示和下列句子相同的意义

◆关系从句:

Il était poursuivi par une meute hurlant de fureur . (qui hurlait de fureur).

(当时)他被一群狂叫的猎犬追赶,(狂叫着的)

◆状语从句:

A.

Je l'ai surpris fouillant des mes affaires.(alors qu'il fouillait)

我无意中看见他在翻我的东西。

B.原因从句:

Sentant la faiblesse de son argument, il préféra renoncer.(comme il sentait…)

感到理由不充足,他宁可放弃。(由于他感到)

C.条件从句:

La demande para trait plus naturelle venant de vous.(si elle venait…)

如申请来自于你就显得更自然,

学习资料

(如果申请来自)

D.对立或让步从句:

Croyant bien faire, il a tout gaché .(Bien qu'il ait cre…)

他以为自己做好了,却把一切都弄糟了。(尽管他以为)

◆代替“être en train+不定式动词”结构, 表示正在做...:

On le voit toujours errant comme une ame en peine.(en train d’errer…)

人们总看见他如同地狱里受苦的灵魂在游荡。(正在游荡)

【 经验】会员积分怎么获得?怎么查询?积分可以如何使用?可以直接转换为现金吗?

shareba经验分享: 如何挣钱

十万份免费下载/阅读资料:

法语现在分词的经典用法

〕随文赠言:【受惠的人,必须把那恩惠常藏心底,但是施恩的人则不可记住它。――西塞罗】

篇5:现在分词作状语的用法

①现在分词doing所代表的动作或状态与谓语动词是同时或几乎是同时发生的,可以作时间、原因、方式、条件、结果、目的、让步、伴随等状语。分词的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。如:

Rushing out of the house, he was knocked down by a car.

他一冲出屋子就被一辆车撞倒了。

My cousin went to Shenzhen, hoping to find a job there.

我表兄去深圳了,希望在那儿找份工作。

The child fell,striking his head against the door.

小孩摔了一跤,头在门上碰了一下。

In the last few years, the country has had a hard time, suffering several killer quakes. 过去几年里,这个国家经历了艰难的时期,遭受了几次致命的地震。

Being spring, the flowers are in full bloom.

因为是春天,所以花都盛开着。

②有些分词作状语,没有逻辑上的主语,已成为习惯用法:considering, judging from, talking of, allowing for(考虑到), generally/frankly/honestly/roughly/strictly speaking, assuming that(假设)等。如:

Talking of this film, it’s wonderful.

说到这部电影,好极了。

Assuming that it is true, what should we do now?

假定那是真的, 我们现在该怎麽办?

Judging by the direction of the wind, it won’t rain today.

根据风向测度, 今天不会下雨。

Social psychology, strictly speaking, deals with the behavior of people in groups. 严格地说, 社会心理学研究人们的群体行为。

篇6:分词作状语的用法总结

分词作状语的用法总结

非谓语动词短语的形式包括动名词、现在分词、过去分词、动词不定式,它们在句子中可以充当不同的句子成分,本文就来谈一下如何处理考研英语中分词作状语的情况。

一、表时间,可以和时间状语从句互换。如:

Studying in the university, he was very popular among his classmates.

When he studied in the university, he was very popular among his classmates.

Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood.

When she saw those pictures, she remembered her childhood.

二、表原因,可以和原因状语从句互换。如:

Not knowing her address, I wasn't able to contact her.

Because I did not know her address, I wasn't able to contact her.

三、表条件,可以和条件状语从句互换。如:

Walking to work, you will save quite a lot of money.

If you walk to work, you will save quite a lot of money.

四、表让步,可以和让步状语从句互换。如:

Defeated, he remained a popular boxer.

Although he was defeated, he remained a popular boxer.

五、表方式,如:

He earns a living driving a truck.

I'm returning you letter as requested.

六、表伴随,如:

Losing a job is hurting: you don't skip down to the job centre with a song in your heart, delighted at the prospect of doubling your income from the generous state.(考研阅读真题 Text 1)

在这个句子中,delighted分词短语作伴随状语,表示去求职中心的状态。

七、表结果,分词短语作结果状语在考研英语阅读中经常出现,并作为因果逻辑关系的考点出现在题干和选项中,请大家一定要注意非谓语动词短语的这种语法功能。如:

The best lawyers made skyscrapers-full of money, tempting ever more students to pile into law schools. (考研阅读真题2014 Text 2)

在这句话中,tempting分词短语作结果状语,表示最好的律师挣钱很多这种现象带来的结果是引起更多学生考法律学校。题干中的问题是A lot of students take up law as their profession due to,即学生学法律专业的原因是什么,这个问题从上句话中就可以找出答案,是因为经济回报的吸引,即选项the attraction of financial rewards。

By offering on-trend items at dirt-cheap prices, Cline argues, these brands have hijacked fashion cycles, shaking an industry long accustomed to a seasonal pace. (考研阅读真题 Text 1)

在这个句子中,shaking 分词短语作结果状语,表示品牌绑架时尚圈的后果。

Science and technology would cure all the ills of humanity, leading to lives of fulfillment and opportunity for all. (考研阅读真题2013 Text 3)

在这个句子中,leading分词短语作结果状语,表示科技将治愈人类所有疾病后带来的结果。

八、与逻辑主语构成独立主格,如

Human nature being what it is, most people stick with default settings. (考研阅读真题2013 Text 2)

在这种结构中,需要注意非谓语动词的主语是其前出现的名词或名词短语。Being what it is 的逻辑主语是human nature, 翻译为人类本性就是这样。

篇7:分词作状语用法知识点详解

现在分词与动名词的关系:

与现在分词形式上完全相同的另一种词类形式是动名词,其构成是在动词后面直接加-ing,构成doing的形式。它的意义相当于一个名词,但同时又保留动词的特征。说它相当于一个名词是因为它在句中可以充当名词可以充当的成分:主语、宾语、表语和定语。说它保留有动词的特征是因为它可以有自己的宾语,有自己的时态变化,也可以有自己的逻辑主语。我们在这里主要学习下分词作状语的情况。

用法比较:

主语宾语补语表语定语状语

现在分词

√√√√

动名词√√

√√

e.g. 1. Swimming is a good exercise in summer.

2. Swimming in the river, he looks like a big fish.

重磅出击--独立主格结构

非谓语动词做状语时,其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语保持一致,但有时非谓语动词拥有自己的逻辑主语,不受句子主语限制,在句中作状语,我们称之为“独立主格结构”,(absolute construction)。它所表示的含义与分词作状语是一样的,在整个句子中可以作各种状语。

一、独立主格结构特点:

1. 拥有自己的逻辑主语,不同于句子的主语;

2. 作逻辑主语的名词或代词与其后的分词、不定式、形容词、副词、介词短语是逻辑上的主动或被动关系;

3. 一般有逗号与句子隔开。

二、独立主格结构构成:

1. 名词代词 + 现在分词 Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow.

2. 名词代词 + 过去分词 The test finished, we began our holiday.

3. 名词代词 + 不定式 Homework to be finished, he cannot play games now.

4. 名词代词 + 介词短语 The teacher walked into the classroom, a box in his hand.

5. 名词代词 + 副词 The class over, we went to buy some snacks.

6. 名词代词 + 形容词 The dishes pretty delicious, we ate them up in less than five minutes.

(必修3第一单元课文第一段中:Today’s festivals have many origins, some religious, some seasonal, some...)

三、with 复合结构

所谓with复合结构就是with后带了复合宾语,即“with +宾语(名词/代词)+ 宾补”,否定形式是without。其形式与上面的独立主格结构是很相似的:

1. with+名词代词 + 现在分词 Without anyone noticing, he slipped through the window.

2. with+名词代词 + 过去分词 With homework finished, I was allowed to play for a while.

3. with+名词代词 + 不定式 She looks so sad, with a lot of homework to do.

4. with+名词代词 + 介词短语 The little boy stood there, with his two fingers in his mouth.

5. with+名词代词 + 副词 The boy was walking, with his father ahead.

6. with+名词代词 + 形容词 He doesn’t like to sleep with the windows open.

篇8:公共英语(PETS)现在分词用法讲解篇

内容简介:

现在分词和过去分词主要差别在于:现在分词表示“主动和进行”,过去分词表示“被动和完成”(不及物动词的过去分词不表示被动,只表示完成)。分词可以有自己的状语、宾语或逻辑主语等。

1、分词作状语分词在句子中作状语,可以表示时间、条件、原因、结果、让步、伴随等。 分词做状语时,它的逻辑主语与句子的主语一致。作状语的分词相当于一个状语从句。

【例如】

hearing the news, they all jumped with joy. using what you know of word stems and word formations, you can make a guess at the meaning of a new word.

the students went out of the classroom, laughing and talking. accompanied by his friend, he went to the railway station. given better attention, the plants could grow better.

he looked tired and depressed, visibly disturbed by the news of his mother's illness.

分词在句子中作状语,使用何种分词,要取决于分词与句子主语的关系:主谓关系用现在分词,动宾或被动关系用过去分词。

【例如】

taught by mistakes and setbacks, we have become wiser and handled our affairs better. (we are taught/teach us) .inspired by the international, the working people of all countries have been fighting for their final liberation. (the working people were inspired/ inspire the working people)____the earth to be flat, many feared that columbus would fall off the edge.

a) having believed b) believing c) believed d) being believed

本句意思为:相信地球是平的,许多人担心哥伦布会从边上掉下去。许多人与相信之间是主谓关系,及分词与主语之间为主谓关系。因此,应用现在分词,答案为b.

no matter how frequently ____, the works of beethoven always attract large audiences.

篇9:动名词和现在分词的用法有什么区别

1.现在分词和动名词在形式上是非常相似的,但是细说的话,动名词和现在分词在用法上还是有区别的。

动名词就是“名词”,但是,一方面动名词还保留动词的某些特征,具有动词的某些变化形式,用来表达名词所不能表达的较为复杂的含义,另一方面动名词在句子的用法与功能方面,和名词类似:在句子中可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语。动名词也可以被副词修饰,或者用来充当宾语。例如:

They who are older girls run into constant discrimination in trying to find a job.

在寻找工作方面,大龄的她们不断地受到歧视。

Living in digs means having one room in someone's house.

寄居的意思是在别人的家里借住一间房间。

动名词用法要点:

动名词常泛指,句法作用常为主语/宾语/表语/定语,时态/语态形式常为一般/完成/被动式。

being done是被动,没有任何进行的含义。用来充当主语的要注意,通常会使用it作形式主语,不表示未来发生事,所表达的信息都是已知的。

用来充当表语的要注意,其作用相当于一个“名词”,核查的方法很简单,主语与表语互相换位能够成立。

用来充当定语也容易分辨,表示名词之用途。用来充当宾语有点复杂,最关键的是注意谓语动词,时态和谓语动词进行比较,先于谓语动词时使用完成式,其逻辑主语不固定,可以在句子中或者句子外。

对于否定式,在它前面加not,对于复合式,在它前面加物主词,非句首宾格词也可用。

2.现在分词(present participle)相当于“形容词”,在句中作定语或者状语。

所以当-ing形式出现在英语句子中作主语、宾语、同位语时,基本上可以肯定是“动名词”,当-ing形式出现在句中作状语时,基本上可以肯定是“现在分词”。

3.动名词和现在分词都可以在系动词后面作表语。

区别的方法如下:

1)充当表语的动名词与主语指的是同一件事,这个时候系动词相当于“是”,一般来说,将句子中的主语和表语位置互换,语法和意思不会有变化。

例如:

My hobby is swimming.我们爱好是游泳。

将句子改成Swimming is my hobby.

(我们可以将原句中的主语与表语位置互换)

2)现在分词作表语,主要用来说明主语的性质,现在分词和主语的位置不能互换。

例如:

The novel is interesting.这个小说很有趣。

不可以改成:Interesting is the story.

很有趣的是这个小说。(两个句子的意思有所不同)

4.动名词和现在分词都可以用作定语来修饰名词。

两者的主要区别是:

动名词修饰名词时,主要表示该名词的用途,而现在分词修饰名词时,表示性质、状态或者动作等。例如:

a swimming boy和a swimming suit

前者的意思是“一个正在游泳的男孩”,即a boy who is swimming ,现在分词swimming表示被修饰名词boy的动作;

而后者的意思是“游泳衣”,即a suit for swimming ,动名词swimming表示suit 的用途。

a sleeping girl 和 a sleeping car

前者的意思是“一个正在睡觉的女孩”,即a child who is sleeping ,现在分词sleeping表示被修饰名词 child 正处于的状态;

而后者的意思是“卧车(被用来睡觉的车厢)”,即 a car which is used for sleeping ,动名词 sleeping表示car 的用途。

【分词的用法】相关文章:

1.分词短语

2.分词作插入语

3.wait的现在分词

4.havehas加过去分词是什么时态

5.get的现在分词形式?

6.高考英语分词语法讲解

7.现在分词作状语小结

8.have加过去分词是什么时态

9.关于现在分词的被动式

10.现在分词考点直击

下载word文档
《分词的用法.doc》
将本文的Word文档下载到电脑,方便收藏和打印
推荐度: 评级1星 评级2星 评级3星 评级4星 评级5星
点击下载文档

文档为doc格式

  • 返回顶部