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英语中考总结

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“hunbohui”通过精心收集，向本站投稿了19篇英语中考总结，以下是小编收集整理后的英语中考总结，欢迎阅读与借鉴。

英语中考总结

篇1：英语中考总结

一、研究题型归纳总结

初中四年的英语知识涵盖范围广，单项选择题中考查知识点多。复习阶段切忌对所有的知识点蜻蜓点水，一带而过。需要培养学生敏锐的洞察力，结合近三年本地市的中考题分析、总结各种知识点的考查方式，归纳答题技巧，在答题时做到灵活运用、举～反三、触类旁通。例如，纵观往年的中考试卷， “宾语从句”是中考试题中的热点题型，同时由于其考查的多样性，也是中考失分率较高的题目。而在研究宾语从句的考试题目后，也可以归纳出它的考查目标。因此练习过程中的研究与总结，能发现问题的异同点，归纳出普遍性，在多次练习中把握知识。

二、紧扣教材夯实基础

教材是中考命题的基础和重要依据，教材是“源头”。在复习过程中要紧紧依据课本，复习教材要充分体现以下四性：“目的性、针对性、系统性、透彻性”。(1)目的性，即做到复习什么心中有数，这是前提。所以教师首先应在深人钻研大纲和教材的基础上，确定明确的复习目的。(2)针对性，这是关键。复习前教师要研究学生，找出薄弱环节，引导学生事先预习，明确目的要求，做到有的放矢，重点突出，有针对性地复习。(3)系统性，复习过程是帮助学生将所学的知识系统化的综合总结过程。通过复习，将学会的知识分析、综合、概括、抽象，上升到理论认识，形成一个完整的系统。所以复习应讲究系统性。教师在指导学生复习教材时，要全面，包括句型、课文、词汇、语法等等，对相关知识点要广泛的联系。(4)透彻性，“透”要贯穿在复习教材的始终，教师对教学大纲、教材要吃透，弄清各个知识的重点、难点，弄清重点知识的内涵和外延。对“四会”要求的知识点要深入充分掌握，不能“蜻蜓点水式”复习，使学生真正掌握基础知识，弄清知识之间的相互区别，进行系统有序的总结归纳，使之成为知识网，把知识转化为能力，因为能力是素质教育的核心。

三、专项训练掌握技巧

尽管在第一轮复习时已经接触了大量的语言点，但给学生的印象还是零散、不系统的。这时教师应带领学生把丰富的语言材料进行横向及纵向的归纳，使之形成一个有机的整体，让学生对所学的知识在头脑中形成一个相互联系的知识网络。例如，语法内容在教学过程中一般都是化整为零，分散在各课中，我们在专项复习时就将它们进行综合归纳，把在初中阶段要求学生掌握的八种动词时态放在一起复习比较，表示相近意义的结构放在一起进行识别，提醒学生归纳总结不同的时间状语。这样归纳，不仅提高了学生积极参与、积极实践的兴趣，使他们容易了解中学阶段的各种时态，哪些自己已经掌握，哪些还需要进一步复习，最重要的是培养了学生的应变能力。

四、考前指导与综合性训练复习

其主要目的是适应中考要求，提高应试技巧。本轮侧重培养学生审题解题能力，同时要在教师指导下进行综合练习和模拟测试，知识考查和能力考查并重，从而使复习达到良陆的循环：知识――能力― ―知识。因为有了前面的扎实的基础复习和专项训练，学生对知识已经有了一定程度的掌握，所以要求教师全力投入到综合性的复习。具体做法是：(一)根据今年中考考点和要求自编中考复习试题。对学生进行适应性的操练，提高学生的答题速度。(二)对以前考生易做错的题，再次以试题的形式出现，让考生再做再练。(三)在后阶段对考生进行心理培训和调节以及答题时应注意的细节。

五、查漏补缺反思提升

在复习中改正学习中的错误，避免问题积累，应坚持每做完一份题，能对练习中的错题进行归类，并建立错误题集，把自己所犯的错误集中誊抄在一个笔记本上，随时翻阅，以防重犯。并分析错误的根源，研究与之对应的例题，逐个击破难点，对所学的知识点要认真、准确地掌握，不能模棱两可，稀里糊涂，只有掌握准确的知识点，才能应付各种考试题型。

总之，要想在中考中取得理想的英语成绩，就必须有自信心和恒心;必须有扎实的基础知识和灵活多变的解题方法;必须搞好合理、科学、全面的英语总复习。

篇2：英语中考总结

听力题中一些细节性的问题往往是考生容易丢分的地方，考生要学会根据说话者的语气来作必要的判断和推理。

策略：听力答题时应快速浏览题目和选项，预测内容，听的效果会更佳，针对考点，获取信息，特别是细节题和需要推理的题。当听到不熟悉的词，切忌慌张，也不可过于纠缠，否则会影响下面内容的听和理解。

完形填空综合考查小伙伴的阅读能力，小伙伴需熟练掌握所学词汇的词意、用法和搭配，还需具备较强的判断，逻辑推理能力，并了解一定的英美西方文化背景知识。

策略：先通读全文，领会大意，各小题之间多数有关联。在确定选项时，要根据选项来验证自己对全文内容大意的推测并作调整。阅读理解题考查小伙伴对文字的准确理解，捕捉信息、阅读速度、技巧和运用能力，是学生的难点，易失分。

阅读理解跟完形填空类似。

策略：答题时要认真细致领会句、词的内涵，读懂大意，领会作者的观点和态度。考查题中的各选项要仔细对比分析，延着文章脉络思考问题，并忠实于原文。阅读理解填词时，理解文章大意是关键，填出正确的词和词的正确形式是难点，考生应在填词时考虑词的变形。

书面表达对学生来讲是难度最大的题型。因此，要温习不同专题的口头及书面作文范文。

策略：答题时仔细审题，明确要求确保语言精练，尽量少用复杂句，不必有太多的发挥，掌握好文章的长度，不要字数过多或过少，同时要注意书面整洁。

篇3：年度英语科中考总结

不知不觉，半个学期又过去了。回顾这半个学期，我组每位英语教师在学校领导的关心、指导下，努力、踏实地工作着。全体英语教师为提高我校英语教学质量，为学生提供高效、优质的服务，默默地耕耘着。现具体从以下几个方面来进行总结：

一、主题教研助成长

自上学期邀请了镇学科带头人翁苗老师来校进行教学经验交流后，本学期我组教研也掀起了“主题化”校本教研风。

“主题化”教研模式不但解决课堂的真实教学问题，而且每一次教研活动都有“锁定问题”的后续研究，立足课堂，在实践中反思，在反思中进步，促课堂教学最大可能地有效化，高效化。本学期初我组经研讨决定本学期进行单词课研讨突破，并与教研行事历结合，每周做到研之有物。同时同年级教师进行“两课两反思”，慢慢地，大家对低、中、高年级的单词课模式有了一定的认识。5月28日，我校还邀请了英语辅导员区杰源老师，镇学科带头人陈海松、翁苗老师到我校进行英语课堂考核研讨，届时陈少红、黎欢欢、傅贵仪和叶自娱老师均上了一节优秀的单词考核课，受到了评委们的好评和肯定。

二、阅读交流促教学

根据本学期的主题教研—单词课，我组决定本学期共阅一本有关这方面的书籍。经邓宁霞老师的推荐，我们决定本学期阅读安妮鲜花的著作《不能错过的英语启蒙》，并每月写下自己的阅读后感。每位老师都把阅读学到的方法实践于教学当中。如，张佛弟老师在本学期注重对学生进行朗读训练，以发微信的形式对学生的朗读进行检测与指导；陈少红老师一如既往地开展phonics教学，班上大部分学生能做到见词能读；傅贵仪、叶自娱、黎欢欢老师在中年级的单词教学课中深刻地体现了她们授予孩子们phonics拼读法；蔡妙英老师则把自己儿子的英语学习方法与其书中方法介绍进行结合，探究一条适合自己班级学生的单词拼读方法。

三、培训学习求增值

曾经有人说过，教师最大的福利是培训。本学期，市、镇英语培训活动十分丰富，我组教师们积极参加其培训活动。如3月份张佛弟老师到巷头小学进行科组长培训；同月，傅贵仪、叶自娱老师到东莞参加市三年级新教材培训；4月，张佛弟、傅贵仪、黎欢欢老师到实验小学参加东莞市教研室教学视导暨大朗镇小学英语高效课堂建设阶段性展示交流活动；5月，陈少红老师到三星小学参加广东省小学英语名师团交流活动；另外，在3月和5月，我们邀请了翁苗老师来校进行教学交流培训。每次外出培训后，我们每位老师都将把自己学到的好的方法在科组会议上进行分享，做到“大家好才是真的好。”

四、高效课堂尝改革

近年来，到处吹响了“高效课堂”之声，让我们迫切地了解到我们的课堂需要改革，争取高效。于是借助学校开展主题阅读，我们英语组也结合了自己的学科特点，进行了课前三分钟速读速记训练，同时在课堂中有意识地设计速记环节，力求做到让学生的注意力高度集中，提高学生的学习效益。但由于还在初步探索阶段，所以还没成一定的教学模式。

我们敬业，我们不计得失，乐于奉献；我们付出，我们有所收获。如镇第一届英语朗读比赛中，我们所指导的八名学生，其中三人获得一等奖；期中考试各年级的两分一率均比上学期末有所提高。然而，我们也意识到自己的不足。所以，在以后的工作道路上，我们小学英语教研组将本着求真务实、锐意进取、勇于开拓的精神，在素质教育的探索和实践中再接再厉，跨步前进，力求英语教研组建设日臻完善。

篇4：年度英语科中考总结

在20xx学年度中考，英语学科取得了较好的成绩，以下是初三英语备课组的总结：

一、制定详细而灵活的复习计划

通常一项工作的展开是否有效率，和事前的计划是分不开的。因此，在上完课后。本组的老师为复习的开展进行了多次讨论。结合以往的经验和教训，制定了和往常不同的复习计划。首先，针对复习时间短，学生后进面较大的情况，在复习中开展了分层递进的复习方式。我们不像往常进行分册复习，而是按教纲的要求，把各册的单词和句子提取出来，根据学生不同的能力，给出不同的要求。力求各个层次的学生都有所收获。在进行复习的过程中教师可根据本班的情况，决定复习的进度。

二、灵活多样的复习方式

1、在单词的复习中，为避免单调枯燥，激发学生的兴趣，利用多种手段开展复习，比如，制作单词卡片，在课堂教学中融入竞赛活动和表演，令课堂更加生动活泼。

2、我们把每册课本的知识归纳成败100个单词和句子。给学生很明确的复习目标，他们可以根据自己的能力和程度选择能达到的目标。这样，各个层次的学生都能有所收获。

3、在年级开展各项有助于学习的活动。如：在单词复习和句型复习的过程中，在全年纪举行单词竞赛和句型记忆竞赛，年纪进行颁奖。举行朗诵比赛，以此来激发学生学习英语的兴趣。

三、取人所长，补己所短每位老师都有自己的经验。

在整个复习的过程中，不断地向其他老师和其他兄弟学校学习，多收集各方信息，及时补充到自己的教学中。 6月转瞬即至，是冲出重围，还是黯然败下，3个月后即见分晓。笔者结合多年教学经验，谈一谈学习成绩中等和较差的学生后期复习应考要注意的几个方面，供大家参考。

一、词义记忆不容忽视

调查显示，意思不理解是造成答题错误的最主要原因，而造成意思不理解的主要原因是词汇意思不清。虽然所有考纲词汇都已学过，但每位同学都有不同程度的遗忘。因此，词汇记忆仍是复习的重点之一。

很多同学往往为自己的惰性找了个借口———我记了，但是又忘了。请问，谁不会遗忘呢？有两点需要指出：一是同遗忘作斗争的惟一办法是复习；二是记忆的效果在于重复的次数，而不在于你某一次记得多么准确。因此，建议同学们在3个月内至少要将词汇表重复3遍。另外，记忆的效果分为主动记忆（用时能忆起）和被动记忆（见能识其义），对于学习成绩较差学生而言，见能识其义已是不错。

二、背诵课文行之有效

背诵永远是学习语言最有效的方法之一，同学们切不可勤于题海，而荒于背诵。背诵课文可增强语感，巩固词汇，提高阅读速度，尤其是能改善书面表达中的生硬英语。如果时间紧迫，也可从课文中提炼出一些优美实用的句子，反复记诵。略举几例：

1、I was just about to go swimming when luckily our guide saw me…

2、The more you listen to English，the easier it becomes．

3、The boss in whose departmentMr．King worked had heard about the accident．

三、大量练习练之有道

毫无疑问，我们将在大量练习中度过最后3个月，但我们不能为练而练，盲目去练，以免事倍功半，浪费时间。两点建议，试必有效：

1、选一种好的资料。“好”的标准因人而异，中等生的标准是贴近高考，学习成绩较差学生的标准是适合自己水平。选用之前最好征求一下老师的意见。

2、集中优势“兵力”，各个突破。对于听力、单选和短文改错3种题型，在某一阶段以其中一种为练习重点，能熟悉命题思路，取得突破性进展。

四、应试技巧尚可提高

每次考试，总有人出现失误，或能对的错了，或试题未能答完，这就需要提高应试技巧。不妨试一下下面两招：

1、养成良好的应试心理。失误是因怕失误而紧张所致，一个可行的办法是在平时考试中养成“错得有理”的强势心理，即你所选的答案不是因不知其理而任选一个赌运气，而是有自己的理由，哪怕你的理由是“前后很多题都没有出现C，所以这道题应选C”。这样做并非是一定要把此题答对，而是要保持必胜的信心和积极的状态，为答好其他题创建良好的心理优势。

2、调整答题顺序。高考试题容量大，约有60％的考生不能从容做完，为了尽可能取得更好的分数，可尝试调整答题顺序。总的原则是把得分率最低的题型放到最后。通常情况下，可在听力结束后，先做书面表达，因为这是较易得分的题型，而单选题往往是耗时多，得分少，可放到最后。

篇5：中考英语作文总结

一、解决方法题型

考生要列举出解决问题的多种途径

1．问题现状

2．怎样解决(解决方案的优缺点)

In recent days, we have to face I problem-----A, which is becoming more and more serious. First, ------------(说明A的现状)．Second, ---------------(举例进一步说明现状)

Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing, ---------------(解决方法一). For another -------------(解决方法二). Finally, --------------(解决方法三).

Personally, I believe that -------------(我的解决方法). Consequently, I'm confident that a bright future isawaiting us because --------------(带来的好处).

二、说明利弊题型

这种题型往往要求先说明一下现状，再对比事物本身的利弊，有时也会单从一个角度（利或弊）出发，最后往往要求考生表明自己的态度（或对事物前景提出预测）

1．说明事物现状

2．事物本身的优缺点（或一方面）

3．你对现状（或前景）的看法

Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role in our daily life. Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows. First ----------------(A的优点之一). Besides -------------------（A的优点之二）.

But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent. One of the important disadvantages is that ----------------(A的第一个缺点)．To make matters worse,------------------(A的第二个缺点)．

Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones. Therefore, I would like to ---------------(我的看法)．

(From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A, we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in. Only by this way, ---------------(对前景的预测)．)

三、议论文的框架

(1) 不同观点列举型（选择型）

There is a widespread concern over the issue that __作文题目_____. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. A majority of people think that _ 观点一________. In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, ___原因一_______.Furthermore, in the second place, ___原因二_____. So it goes without saying that ___观点一_____.

People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter. Some people hold the idea that ___观点二_______. In their point of view, on the one hand， ___原因一_______. On the other hand, ____原因二_____. Therefore, there is no doubt that ___观点二______.

As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __观点一或二______. It is not only because ________, but also because _________. The more _______, the more ________.

（2）利弊型的议论文

Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)___作文题目______. In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题_____. Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows. Firstly, ___优点一______. And secondly ___优点二_____.

Just As a popular saying goes, “every coin has two sides”, __讨论议题______ is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To begin with, ___缺点一______. In addition, ____缺点二______.

To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of __讨论议题____ into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time. In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ____讨论议题___.

议论文模板

1.正反观点式议论文模板：

导入：第1段：Recently we've had a discussion about whether we should... （导入话题）

Our opinions are divided on this topic.（观点有分歧）

正文：第2段：Most of the students are in favour of it.（正方观点）

Here are the reasons. First... Second... Finally...(列出2~3个赞成的理由)

第3段：However, the others are strongly against it. （反方观点）

Their reasons are as follows. In the first place... What's more... In addition...(列出2~3个反对的理由)

结论：第4段：Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.（个人观点）。

2.“A或者B”类议论文模板：

导入：第1段：Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways. Others, however, argue that B is much better. Personally, I would prefer A because I think A has more advantages.

正文：第2段：There are many reasons why I prefer A. The main reason is that ... Another reason is that...(赞同A的原因)

第3段: Of course, B also has advantages to some extent... (列出1~2个B的优势)

结论：第4段: But if all these factors are considered, A is much better than B. From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that ...(得出结论)

3.观点论述类议论文模板：

导入：第1段：提出一种现象或某个决定作为议论的话题

As a student, I am strongly in favour of the decision. （亮明自己的观点是赞成还是反对）

The reasons for this may be listed as follows. （过渡句，承上启下）

正文：第2段：First of all... Secondly... Besides...(列出2~3个赞成或反对的理由)

结论：第3段：In conclusion, I believe that... （照应第1段，构成“总-分-总”结构）

4.“How to”类议论文模板：

导入：第1段：提出一种现象或某种困难作为议论的话题

正文：第2段：Many ways can help to solve this serious problem, but the following may be most effective. First of all... Another way to solve the problem is ... Finally...(列出2~3个解决此类问题的办法)

结论：第3段：These are not the best but the only two/ three measures we can take. But it should be noted that we should take action to...(强调解决此类问题的根本方法)

篇6：中考英语知识点总结

中考备考知识点有哪些?下面是小编为大家整理的关于中考英语知识点总结，希望对您有所帮助。欢迎大家阅读参考学习!

中考英语知识点总结

1、词类：英语词类分十种：

名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。

1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy， morning， bag， ball， class， orange。

2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。如：who， she， you， it 。

3、形容词(adj.)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good， right， white， orange 。

4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one， two， three， first， second， third， fourth。

5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am， is，are，have，see 。

6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，说明时间、地点、程度等。如：now， very， here， often， quietly， slowly。

7、冠词(art.)：用在名词前，帮助说明名词。如：a， an， the。

8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in， on， from， above， behind。

9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如and， but， before 。

10、感叹词(interj.)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh， well， hi， hello。

2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。

1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物，回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如：I’m Miss Green。(我是格林小姐)

2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态，回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如：Jack cleans the room every day。 (杰克每天打扫房间)

3、表语在系动词之后，说明主语的身份或特征，回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或形容词担任。如：My name is Ping ping 。(我的名字叫萍萍)

4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果，回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如：He can spell the word。(他能拼这个词)

有些及物动词带有两个宾语，一个指物，一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语，指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：He wrote me a letter 。 (他给我写了一封信)

有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语，放在直接宾语后面，来强调间接宾语。如：He wrote a letter to me 。 (他给我写了一封信)

5、定语修饰名词或代词，通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如：

Shanghai is a big city 。(上海是个大城市)

6、状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词，通常由副词担任。如：He works hard 。(他工作努力)

7、宾语补足语用来说明宾语怎么样或干什么，通常由形容词或动词充当。如：They usually keep their classroom clean。(他们通常让教室保持清洁) / He often helps me do my lessons。(他常常帮我做功课) / The teacher wanted me to learn French all by myself。(老师要我自学法语)

☆同位语通常紧跟在名词、代词后面，进一步说明它的情况。如：Where is your classmate Tom ?(你的同学汤姆在哪里?)

3、构词法：英语构词法主要有：合成法、派生法和转换法。

1、合成法：如：spaceship， headache， basketball， playground等等。

2、派生法：

(1)派生名词：①动词+er/or ②动词+ing ③动词+(t)ion ④形容词+ness ⑤其他，如：inventor， learner， swimming， congratulation， kindness， carelessness， knowledge

(2)派生形容词：①名词+y ②名词+ful ③动词+ing/ed ④friendly ⑤dangerous ⑥Chinese; Japanese ⑦English ⑧French ⑨German ⑩国名+(i)an 如：snowy， sunny， hopeful， beautiful， interesting， follwing， daily(每日的)，nervous， delicious

(3)派生副词：①形容词+ly ②其它，如：slowly， angrily， full→fully， good→well， possible→possibly等等。

3、转换法：

(1)形容词→动词，如：dry(干燥的)→dry(弄干)， clean(干净的)→clean(打扫，弄干净)，等等。

(2)动词→名词，如：look， walk， rest， work， study， swim， go， talk等等。

(3)名词→动词，如：hand(手)→(传递)，face(脸)→(面对)等等。

(4)形容词→副词，如：early→early， fast→fast等等。

(5)副词→连词，如：when(什么时候)→(当……时候)，等等。

(6)介词→副词，如：in(到……里)→(在里面;在家)，on(在…上)→(进行，继续)，等等。

篇7：中考英语学习总结材料

中考英语学习总结材料

1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、look at (感官动词)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump

2 （比较级 and 比较级）表示越来越怎么样

3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易）

4 agree with sb 赞成某人

5 all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样

6 all over the world = the whole world 整个世界

7 along with同……一道，伴随…… eg : I will go along with you我将和你一起去

the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树

8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样

9 as you can see 你是知道的

10 ask for ……求助向…要…（直接接想要的东西） eg : ask you for my book

11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么

12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事 ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事

13 at the age of 在……岁时 eg：I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen

14 at the beginning of …… ……的起初；……的开始

15 at the end of +地点/+时间最后；尽头；末尾 eg : At the end of the day

16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候

17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句感觉/对什么有信心，自信

eg: I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test

18 be + doing 表：1 现在进行时 2 将来时

19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原）能够…… eg : She is able to sing She can sing

20 be able to do sth 能够干什么 eg :she is able to sing

21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧，害怕…… eg : I'm afraed to go out at night I'm afraid of dog

22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么

eg: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允许看电视 I should be allowed to watch TV 我应该被允许看电视

23 be angry with sb 生某人的气 eg : Don't be angry with me

24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的.气

25 be as…原级…as 和什么一样 eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一样高

26 be ashamed to

27 be away from 远离

28 be away from 从……离开

29 be bad for 对什么有害 eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好

30 be born 出生于

31 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事 be busy with sth 忙于……

32 be careful 当心；小心

33 be different from…… 和什么不一样

34 be famous for 以……著名

35 be friendly to sb 对某人友好

36 be from = come from 来自 eg ：He is from Bejing He comes from Bejing Is he from Bejing Does he come from Bejing

37 be full of 装满……的 be filled with 充满 eg: the glass is full of water the glass is filled with water

38 be glad+to+do/从句

39 be going to + v(原）将来时

40 be good at(+doing) = do well in 在某方面善长, 善于……

41 be good for 对什么有好处 eg : Reading aloud is good for your English

42 be happy to do 很高兴做某事

43 be helpful to sb 对某人有好处

eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you 大声朗读对你有好处

Exercising is helpful to your bady 锻炼对你的身体有好处

44 be in good health 身体健康

45 be in trouble 处于困难中 eg : She is in trouble They are in tronble

46 be interested in 对某方面感兴趣

47 be late for = come late to 迟到 eg: Be late for class 上课迟到

48 be like 像…… eg : I'm like my mother

49 be mad at 生某人的气

50 be made from 由……制成(制成以后看不见原材料)

51 be made of 由……制成(制成以后还看得见原材料)

52 be not sure 表不确定

53 be on a visit to 参观

54 be popular with sb 受某人欢迎

55 be quiet 安静

56 be short for 表**的缩写 eg: 陶 is short for 陶俊杰

57 be sick in bed 生病在床

58 be sorry to do sth be sorry for sb eg : I am sorry for you

59 be sorry to hear that 60 be sorry to trouble sb eg : I am sorry to trouble you

61 be strict in doing sth 严于做某事 eg : He's strict in obeying noles

62 be strict with sb 对某人要求严格 eg: Some students are not strict with them selves 这些学生对自己不严格

63 be strict with sb in sth 某方面对某人严格

64 be supposed to do 被要求干什么

65 be sure 表确定 66 be sure of doing sth 对做某事有信心 eg: He is sure of winning I am sure of learning English well

67 be sure of sth 对做某事有信心 eg: I'm sure of my head (my teacher 我相信我的大脑（老师）

68 be sure that sth 对做某事有信心 eg: I'm suer that he can pass the test 我相信他能通过考试

69 be sure to do sth一定会做某事eg: We are sure to pass the test 我们一定会通过这次考试 We are sure to learn English well 我们一定能学好英语

70 be terrified of + 名/动doing 害怕……

71 be terrified to do sth 害怕做某事

72 be the same as … 和什么一样

73 be used to doing sth习惯做某事

eg: My father is used to getting up early 我爸爸习惯早He is used to sleeping in class 他习惯上课睡觉

74 be worth doing 值得做什么

75 be(feel) afraid to do sth 害怕做某事be afraid of sth 害怕某物 be afraid that 丛句

76 because+句子 because of +短语

eg : He was late because he had a headache He was late because of his headache

77 begin to do = start to do 开始做某事 start…with…=begin…with… 以什么开始什么 eg : Let's begin the game with the song I begin to go home

78 between…and… 两者之间

79 borrow sth from sb 向……借…… lend sth to sb ( lend sb sth 借给……什么东西 eg : I borrowed a pen from him he lent a pen to me ( he lent me a pen

80 both = the same(as) = not different(from) 表相同

81 bother 打扰 bother sb to do sth

eg : I'm sorry to bother you ,but can you tell me to way to the station

我十分道歉打扰你，但是你能告诉我怎么去车站

the problem has been bothering me for weeks 这个问题困扰了我几个周了

He's bothering me to lend him money

82 by the end of 到……为止

83 call sb sth eg : We call him old wang

84 care 关心 eg : Don't you care about this country's future 你为什么不关心国家的未来

85 catch up with sb 赶上某人 86 chat with sb 和某人闲谈 take sb to + 地点带某人去某地

87 come in 进88 come over to 过来

89 come up with 提出 eg: Can you come up with a good idea 你能想出一个好办法吗？

90 communicate with sb 和某人交流

91 consider + doing 考虑做什么 eg : Why not consider going to lu zhou 为什么不考虑去泸州？

92 dance to 随着……跳舞 eg : She likes dancing to the music 她喜欢随着音乐跳舞

93 decide to do sth 决定做某事

94 do a survey of 做某方面的调查 95 do better in 在……方面做得更好

96 do wrong 做错

97 Don't forget to do sth 不要忘了做某事

98 Don't mind +doing /从句 /名词不要介意……

99 each +名（单）每一个…eg : Each student has many books 每一个学生都有一些书

100 end up +doing

101 enjoy +doing喜欢

102 escape from 从……逃跑eg: The prisoners have escaped from the prison犯人从监狱里逃跑出来

103 expect to do sth 期待做某事

104 fall down 摔下来 fall off 从哪摔下来

105 fall in love with sb /sth 爱上什么

106 far from 离某地远 eg : The school is far from my home

107 find +it +adj +to do 发现做某事怎么样

108 find sb/sth +adj 发现什么怎么样 eg : I find the book interesting

109 finish 完成+doing（名词）

110 fit to sb = be fit for sb 适合某人

111 forget to do 没有做而忘了 forget doing 做了而又忘了 eg: Don't forget to go home I forget closing door

112 from…to… 从某某到某某 eg: From me for her

113 get /have sth down 做完，被（别人）做…eg: I have my hair cut 我理了发(头发被剪了）

Tom got his bad tooth pulled out 汤母把他的坏牙拔掉了（被牙医拔掉了）

114 get a part-time job= find a part-time job

115 get along well with sb = get on well with sb 与某人相处得好

116 get along with sb = get on with sb 与某人相处

117 get ready for = be ready for为什么而准备eg : I get ready for math I am ready for math

118 get sb in to trouble 给某人麻

119 get sb to do sth

120 get…from… 从某处得到某物

121 give a talk 做报告 eg: He is give a tall

122 give sth to sb give sb sth 给某人某物

123 go fish 钓鱼 go swimming 游泳

124 go on to do 去做下一件事 go on doing 继续做这件事

125 go out away from go out of

126 go to school 上学（用于专业的）go to the school 去学校（不一定是上学）

127 good way to 好方法

128 hate to do 讨厌没做过的事 hate doing 讨厌做过的事

129 have a party for sb 举办谁的晚会

130 have a talk 听报告谈一谈

131 have been doing 现在完成进行时 eg : You have been talking You have been sleeping since

132 have been to …( 地方）……去过某过地方 have gone to …（地方）去了某地还没回来

133 have fun +doing 玩得高兴

134 have sth to do 有什么事要做

eg: I have a lot of homework to do 我有很多家庭作业要做 I have nothing to do 我没什么事情做

135 have to do sth 必须做某事

136 have trouble (problem) (in) doing sth 做什么事情有麻烦

137 have…time +doing

138 have…(时间)…off 放……假 eg: I have month off 我请一个月得假

139 hear sb +do/doing 听见某人做某事/正在做某事

140 help a lot 很大用处

141 help sb with sth one's sth 帮助某人某事（某方面） help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事

142 hope to do sth 希望做某事

143 How about(+doing) = What about(+doing)

144 how do you like = what do you think of 你对什么的看法

145 if : 是否＝wether

eg: I don't know if (wether) I should go to the party 我不知道我是否应该去参加晚会

He don't know if (wether) we will arrive on time tomorrow morning 他不知道我们明天早上是否能准时到达

146 if :如果，假如（全部接一般时态）＋条件语态从句

eg: I'll go to LuZhou if it does't rain 假如明天不下雨，我就去泸州

If they change the plan they will let me know 假如他们要改变计划，他们会让我知道的 I'll go to England ,if I have enough money next year 如果我明年由足够的钱，我就要去英国

147 in one's opinion = sb think 某人认为

148 in some ways 在某些方面

149 in the end = finally(adv) 最后

篇8：中考英语作文总结

中考英语作文模板总结

一、解决方法题型

考生要列举出解决问题的多种途径

1．问题现状

2．怎样解决(解决方案的优缺点)

In recent days, we have to face I problem-----A, which is becoming more and more serious. First, ------------(说明A的现状)．Second, ---------------(举例进一步说明现状)

Personally, I believe that -------------(我的解决方法). Consequently, I'm confident that a bright future isawaiting us because --------------(带来的好处).

二、说明利弊题型

1．说明事物现状

2．事物本身的优缺点（或一方面）

3．你对现状（或前景）的看法

Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role in our daily life. Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows. First ----------------(A的`优点之一). Besides -------------------（A的优点之二）.

Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones. Therefore, I would like to ---------------(我的看法)．

三、议论文的框架

(1) 不同观点列举型（选择型）

As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __观点一或二______. It is not only because ________, but also because _________. The more _______, the more ________.

（2）利弊型的议论文

议论文模板

1.正反观点式议论文模板：

导入：第1段：Recently we've had a discussion about whether we should... （导入话题）

Our opinions are divided on this topic.（观点有分歧）

正文：第2段：Most of the students are in favour of it.（正方观点）

Here are the reasons. First... Second... Finally...(列出2~3个赞成的理由)

第3段：However, the others are strongly against it. （反方观点）

Their reasons are as follows. In the first place... What's more... In addition...(列出2~3个反对的理由)

结论：第4段：Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.（个人观点）。

2.“A或者B”类议论文模板：

导入：第1段：Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways. Others, however, argue that B is much better. Personally, I would prefer A because I think A has more advantages.

正文：第2段：There are many reasons why I prefer A. The main reason is that ... Another reason is that...(赞同A的原因)

第3段: Of course, B also has advantages to some extent... (列出1~2个B的优势)

结论：第4段: But if all these factors are considered, A is much better than B. From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that ...(得出结论)

3.观点论述类议论文模板：

导入：第1段：提出一种现象或某个决定作为议论的话题

As a student, I am strongly in favour of the decision. （亮明自己的观点是赞成还是反对）

The reasons for this may be listed as follows. （过渡句，承上启下）

正文：第2段：First of all... Secondly... Besides...(列出2~3个赞成或反对的理由)

结论：第3段：In conclusion, I believe that... （照应第1段，构成“总-分-总”结构）

4.“How to”类议论文模板：

导入：第1段：提出一种现象或某种困难作为议论的话题

结论：第3段：These are not the best but the only two/ three measures we can take. But it should be noted that we should take action to...(强调解决此类问题的根本方法)

篇9：中考英语的学习方法总结

一、错题收集

初三学生考试较多，基本每月都有考试，平时还会有单元测试。学生在复习阶段，可以把每次考试中的错题摘录到笔记本上，以便总结归纳。对于这些错题，要知道正确答案，找到错误原因，并经常拿出来翻看，反复记忆以免再犯同类错误。

二、真题训练

1、听力：训练听力时，要懂得预测，多利用尤其一些零碎时间，可以放一些英语歌曲或者听力题，以便培养自己的英语感觉。

2。单选：着重掌握语法、词法及句法;分析句子结构、动词的搭配;注意不同语境中动词时态、语态的运用，例如做题时可以在题目上划出关键词，如带ing,ed的一些单词，帮助自己理解。

3、完形：要从文章的整体入手，注意上下文的逻辑关系。

4、阅读：注重五种能力的考查，即细节理解、词义猜测、图表理解、归纳主旨和推理判断。要紧扣原文，不可凭空想象。做题时可以先看题目，划起关键词再看文章，这样就能容易锁定答案的在原文的位置。

5.作文：记好老师上课说的好词好句，多在写作的时候运用。课外时间可以多看一些英语素材，例如时事，名句，和自己喜欢的专题如旅游英语等，让自己身边时刻有好的英语氛围。

6.单词：单词当然很重要啦，对着书本背单词这样的方法实在太枯燥了。你们可以适当运用一些有趣的英语学习软件，在这我推荐一下能飞学习软件。你可以轻松地通过动画形式，人性化设计的听写单词形式中记到很多单词。当然要懂得去举一反三地使用单词。

最后还是要提醒各位，即使有最高效的学习方法，也需要你们持之以恒的练习巩固。

篇10：中考英语特殊句式总结

英语中的特殊句式，由于其表达方式多与汉语不一致，常成为中考试题中的考查热点。现结合中考真题，对中考中的特殊句式进行归纳总结，供同学们学习参考。

热点一：祈使句

祈使句通常用来表示请求、命令、劝告、叮嘱、禁止、建议、警告、号召或祝愿等语气，目的明确，在口语中应用广泛。在历年中考试题中，祈使句是考查热点之一，备受命题人的青睐，每年的试题均有涉及。

1. 对祈使句谓语动词形式的考查

祈使句主语一般是第二人称（you），为了强调和增强句子节奏，往往省略主语（you）。所以祈使句都是以动词原形开头。

【真题链接1】（长春卷） ______ along this street， and you can find the hotel on your right， next to the market.

A. Walk B. To walk

C. Walks D. Walking

【真题链接2】（20河南卷） ______ kind and helpful to the people around us， and we will make the world a nice place to live in.

A. Be B. Being

C. To be D. Been

Key： 1～2 AA

2. 对祈使句否定形式的考查

祈使句的否定形式通常是在句首加dont或never（语气更强）构成。

【真题链接3】（年绥化卷） ______ swim in the river alone， Karen. Its too dangerous.

A. Not B. Dont

C. Doesnt

【真题链接4】（2015年盐城卷） Daniel， ______ play with the mobile phone while youre walking in the street.

A. dont B. doesnt

C. wont D. cant

【真题链接5】（2015年陕西卷） ______ on the grass， or it will “cry”.

A. To walk B. Not to walk

C. Walk D. Dont walk

Key： 3～5 BAD

注意：

（1）如果是带有主语的祈使句，通常将dont置于主语前面。如：

Dont you speak to me like that！你别这样跟我讲话！

（2）“Lets ...”祈使句的否定结构一般由“Lets not ...”构成。如：

We only have an hour. Lets not argue about it.我们只有一个小时的时间。别再争论这个了。

3. 对“祈使句+ and （then） / or （else） +简单句”的考查

在该句型中，如果祈使句与后面的陈述句是顺承关系，则用连词and或and then；如果祈使句与后面的陈述句是转折关系，则用连词or或or else。此外，该句型中，祈使句表示“条件”，简单句表示“结果”。简单句中谓语动词通常用一般将来时或用情态动词表示将来。

【真题链接6】（2015年北京卷） Get up early， ______ youll be late for school.

A. so B. and

C. or D. but

【真题链接7】（2015年黄石卷） Be quiet， my kids， ______ you will have to stay outside， because this is a library.

A. and B. because

C. or D. but

【真题链接8】（2015年重庆卷） Youd better take care， ______ you will hurt your eyes.

A. so B. but

C. or D. and

【真题链接9】（2015年德州卷） Youd better wake up Tom at 6：30， ______ he will be late for the match.

A. if B. or

C. and D. but

Key： 6～9 CCCB

4.对祈使句附加问句的考查

由于祈使句的动作通常是指将来发生的动作，所以回答祈使句时，肯定回答用“Yes， I will.”，否定回答用“No， I wont.”。祈使句后可以跟附加问句以加强语气或使语气变得更加委婉一些。

（1）肯定的祈使句，若表示“请求或要求”，后面的附加问句通常用用will you；若表示“邀请或劝说”，后面的附加问句通常用wont you（也可用will you）。

（2）否定的祈使句，后面的附加问句通常用will you。

（3）如果以“Lets ...”开头的祈使句表示“建议”，则其后的附加问句通常用shall we / shant we。

（4）如果以“Let us ...”开头的祈使句表示 “请求”，则其后的附加问句通常用will you。

【真题链接10】（2015年安顺卷） —Dont be late for school next time， ______？

—No， I wont.

A. are you B. will you

C. do you D. did you

【真题链接11】（2015年宜宾卷） Nancy， sweep the classroom， ______？

A. dont you B. do you

C. will you D. doesnt she

Key： 10～11 BC

热点二：感叹句

英语中的感叹句通常是由what或how引导，表示惊奇、赞赏、愤怒、喜悦、惋惜或愿望，句末加感叹号。中考对感叹句的考查一般为以下几种形式：

1. 对what引导的感叹句的考查

what引导的感叹句有：

（1） What + a / an + adj. +可数名词单数（+主语+谓语）！

（2） What + adj. +可数名词复数（+主语+谓语）！

（3） What + adj. +不可数名词（+主语+谓语）！

【真题链接1】（2015年云南卷） ______ useful robot！ It can help with the housework like a human servant.

A. How B. What an

C. How a D. What a

【真题链接2】（2015年宿迁卷） —Lets go to Luoma Lake and take the Ferris Wheel （摩天轮） to enjoy the view of Suqian.

—______ interesting idea！

A. What B. What an

C. How D. How an

【真题链接3】（2015年长沙卷） —Jane Zhang is going to hold a concert here in July.

—Really？ ______ exciting news！

A. How B. What an

C. What

【真题链接4】（2015年襄阳卷） —The passenger ship Eastern Star capsized （倾覆） in the Yangtze River on the evening of June 1st.

—______ bad news！ Can we do something to help with the rescue （救援）？

A. What a B. What

C. How a D. How

【真题链接5】（2015年永州卷） ______ Su Bingtian is！ He finished the 100-meter race in 9.99 seconds.

A. How a fast runner

B. What a fast runner

C. What fast runner

【真题链接6】（2015年宜昌卷） —Our team has won the first prize in the soccer games.

—Congratulations！ ______ team you are！

A. How great

B. What a great

C. What great

D. How a great

【真题链接7】（2015年乐山卷） ______ beautiful picture！ I couldnt believe it was painted by a young child.

A. What a B. What

C. How

【真题链接8】（2015年盐城卷） ______ great fun we had in Yandu Park last Sunday！

A. How B. What

C. What a D. How a

Key： 1～5 DBCBB 6～8 BAB

2. 对how引导的感叹句的考查

how引导的感叹句有：

（1） How + adj. / adv.（+主语+谓语）！

（2） How + adj. + a / an +可数名词单数（+主语+谓语）！

【真题链接1】（2015年郴州卷） ______ dangerous it is for a child to swim alone in a river！

A. What B. What a

C. How

【真题链接2】（2015年株洲卷） ______ fantastic the dragon boat teams are！

A. How B. What

C. What a

【真题链接3】（2015年济宁卷） —Wow！ ______ beautiful the music is！

—Yes. Thats my favorite.

A. What B. What a

C. What an D. How

【真题链接4】（2015年玉林卷） ______ interesting the book is！ I want to buy one， too.

A. How B. What

C. How an D. What an

【真题链接5】（2015年丹东卷） —______ exciting the movie is！

—Sure， I have seen it three times.

A. What B. What an

C. How D. How an

【真题链接6】（2015年上海卷） ______ important it is for kids to imagine freely！

A. What B. What a

C. What an D. How

【真题链接7】（2015年广东卷） —So far， Su Bingtian is the only Chinese who finished the 100-meter race in less than 10 seconds.

—______ he runs！

A. How slow B. How fast

C. What a slow D. What a fast

Key： 1～5 CADAC 6～7 DB

热点三：there be句型

there be句型常译为“有”。在这个句式中，there不是主语而是引导词，主语是be动词后的名词，be动词应与后边的主语保持一致（当主语不止一个时，应遵循“就近一致”的原则）；be动词前还可以加上can， may， must， might， used to， ought to， seem to， happen to等情态动词或短语动词；be动词还可以被stand， live， lie， exist， appear等表示“存在”概念的动词替代。

【真题链接1】（2015年安徽卷） Drive slowly， Mary. ______ is something ahead on the road.

A. It B. This

C. That D. There

【真题链接2】（2015年广东卷） —______ there any living things on other planets？

—I have no idea. Maybe we can know more about that in the future.

A. Is B. Are

C. Has D. Have

【真题链接3】（2015年广州卷） The weather forecast says that ______ another storm tomorrow.

A. there will haveB. there will be

C. there has D. there has been

【真题链接4】（2015年襄阳卷） —We ordered beef noodles， but ______ any beef in the noodles.

—Put on your glasses and you can see the beef.

A. there isnt B. there is

C. there arent D. there are

【真题链接5】（2015年重庆卷） There ______ more and more foreigners learning Chinese now.

A. is B. are

C. was D. were

【真题链接6】（2015年黔西南卷） There ______ a basketball match between Class One and Class Three this afternoon.

A. is going to be B. will have

C. are going to beD. is going to have

【真题链接7】（2015年白银卷） There ______ great changes in such kind of PDA （掌上电脑） in the last few years.

A. has been B. have been

C. has had D. have had

【真题链接8】（2015年泰安卷） —Why are you in such a hurry， John？

—There ______ an NBA basketball game in ten minutes.

A. will be B. was

C. would be D. has been

【真题链接9】（威海卷） There ______ a great concert in the theater next Saturday evening.

A. will be B. will have

C. has D. is going to have

Key： 1～5 DBBAB 6～9 ABAA

热点四：so和neither / nor构成的固定倒装句

由so，neither / nor引导的倒装句指上句话提到的情况同样适合下文的人或物，为了避免和上文的内容重复，英语中习惯用 so， neither / nor 引导的倒装句。so引导的倒装句表示肯定的情况；neither / nor 引导的倒装句表示否定的情况。倒装句的时态与前一句时态保持一致，上下文陈述的不是同一人或事物。其基本结构为：“so+be 动词/助动词/情态动词+主语”表示“某人或某物的情况也是如此”；“neither / nor+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语”表示“某人或某物的情况也不这样”。

【真题链接1】（2015年安顺卷） —They go to school early in the morning.

—______.

A. So do Tom B. So Tom do C. So does TomD. So Tom does

【真题链接2】（2015年无锡卷） —What language is that guy speaking？ I can hardly catch a single word！

—______. Hes from India， so I guess it is Hindi.

A. Neither I can B. Neither can I

C. So I can D. So can I

【真题链接3】（2015年黔西南卷） —Tom didnt go for a picnic yesterday.

—______.

A. So did I

B. So I did

C. Neither did I

D. Neither I did

【真题链接4】（20宜宾卷） —Im not going swimming this afternoon.

—______. I have to help my mother do some cleaning.

A. So am I

B. So I am

C. Neither am I

D. Neither I am

【真题链接5】（2015年曲靖卷） —I like the smells in the air—newly-cut grass and sweet flowers.

—______. It smells so nice.

A. So I do B. So do I

C. So am I D. So I am

【真题链接6】（2015年龙东卷） —Lucy cant go mountain climbing with us tomorrow.

—______. I have to do housework at home.

A. So can I

B. Neither can I

C. Neither I can

【真题链接7】（2015年黑河卷） —I cant hang out with you because of illness.

—If you dont go， ______.

A. neither will I

B. so do I

C. neither do I

【真题链接8】（年遂宁卷） —Will you go to Peters party this Saturday evening？

—I havent decided yet. If you dont go， ______.

A. so will I

B. neither do I

C. neither will I

Key： 1～5 CBCCB 6～8 BAC

注意：

“so+主语+be动词/助动词/情态动词”表示赞同，意为“某人或某物确实如此”。这里的主语同前一个句子的主语指的是同一人或物。如：

—She speaks English very well. 她英语说得很好。

—So she does. 确实是这样。

【真题链接9】（2015年泰安卷） —Taian is a really comfortable city to live in.

—______， and its world famous for Mount Tai.

A. So it is B. So is it

C. So it does D. So does it

【真题链接10】（2014年云南卷） —Kunming is really a comfortable city to live in.

—______. The weather is pleasant.

A. So it is B. So is it

C. So it does D. So does it

Key： 9～10 AA

热点五：it句型

很多中考试题中的单项选择题都考查了与it相关的句型，现将相关考点分述如下：

1. It is + adj. （+ of / for sb.） + to do sth.

在该句型中，当该形容词（如necessary， important， difficult， hard， easy， impossible等）表示对整个事情进行评价时，用for；当该形容词（如kind， nice， good， bad， wise， clever， silly， foolish， careless， brave， careful， wrong， right 等）表示人的性格或特点时，必须用of。

【真题链接1】（2015年长沙卷） Its necessary for us ______ to our parents when we have problems.

A. to talk B. talking

C. talk

【真题链接2】（2015年连云港卷） Its great ______ us to get so many favourite books on International Childrens Book Day.

A. to B. with

C. of D. for

【真题链接3】（温州卷） Its _______ to listen to light music when you feel tired.

A. dangerous B. scary

C. relaxing D. difficult

【真题链接4】（20安徽卷） It is helpful to ______ a good habit of reading in language learning.

A. take B. show

C. develop D. match

Key： 1～4 ADCC

2. It is / has been +一段时间+ since从句

若since从句中的谓语动词为延续性动词，则该句型意为“自……以来已有多长时间了”；若since从句中的谓语动词为短暂性动词，则该句型意为“自不……以来已有多长时间了”。

【真题链接5】（年杭州卷） —What was the party like？

—Wonderful！ Its years ______ I enjoyed myself so much.

A. after B. before

C. when D. since

【真题链接6】（2013年上海卷） It ______ ten years since the Whites ______ in the village.

A. has been； lived

B. has been； have lived

C. is； has lived

D. will be； lived

Key： 5～6 DA

3. It + be +一段时间+ before从句

若主句中的be动词是was或wasnt，则该句型表示“从句动作发生以前已过了多长时间”；若谓语动词是will / wont be，则该句型表示“过多久/过不多久某事将会发生”。

【真题链接7】（2013年北京卷） It will be quite some time ______ she is back again， so dont be too angry with her.

A. that B. since

C. before D. until

Key： 7. C

4. It is up to sb. to do sth.

该句型意为“由某人负责干某事”。

【真题链接8】（2013年上海卷） It is up ______ Tom ______ decide when to start.

A. to； which B. to； to

C. of； to D. to； for

Key： 8. B

5. It is no wonder + that从句 / No wonder + that从句

该句型意为“难怪……”。

【真题链接9】（2013年南京卷） They are all classmates. ______ is no wonder ______ they should help each other with their studies.

A. This； whether B. It； if

C. That； that D. It； that

Key： 9. D

6. It is / was +具体时间+ when从句。该句型意为“在……时候，某事发生了”。

【真题链接10】（2013年广州卷） It was five oclock in the afternoon ______ they got to the top of the mountain.

A. since B. when

C. that D. until

Key： 10. B

热点六：反意疑问句

1. 对反意疑问句基本形式的考查

反意疑问句，也叫附加疑问句，其谓语必须参照前面陈述部分的谓语形式，与其在人称、数和时态上与之保持一致。要注意“前肯后否”和“前否后肯”的原则，即：陈述部分用肯定句时，附加问句用否定形式（与not连用时要注意用缩写形式）；反之，陈述部分为否定句时，附加问句用肯定形式。一般来说，陈述部分含有否定词not， never， hardly， seldom， few， little， neither， no， no one， nobody， nothing， none等时应视为否定句。

【真题链接1】（2015年呼和浩特卷） We have to finish the work now， ______？

A. dont we B. havent we

C. have we D. do we

【真题链接2】（2015年益阳卷） —Its Fathers Day today， ______？

—Yes， lets buy a gift for Dad.

A. isnt he B. doesnt it

C. isnt it

【真题链接3】（2013年益阳卷） —Jim had nothing for breakfast this morning， ______？

—______. He got up too late.

A. had he； Yes

B. hadnt he； Yes

C. did he； No

【真题链接4】（2013年十堰卷） Theres little important news in the newspaper today， ______？

A. isnt there B. is there

C. is it D. are there

Key： 1～4 ACCB

注意：

当陈述部分为复合句时，一般情况下，附加问句应同陈述部分的主句保持一致。当陈述部分的主句是I think， I believe， I guess等时，附加问句应与其宾语从句保持一致。

【真题链接5】（2013年黄石卷） I dont think the newly-directed film by Zhao Wei is as interesting as people say， ______？

A. do you B. isnt it

C. is it D. dont you

Key： 5. C

2. 对反意疑问句的答语的考查

反意疑问句的回答形式类似于一般疑问句，即：yes后面无not，no后面带not。当反意疑问句为“前肯后否”时，yes仍译作“是”，no译作“不”。

【真题链接6】（2013年兰州卷） —He hasnt watched the movie “So Young”， has he？

—______. He told me it was very moving and interesting， and hed like to watch it again.

A. Yes， he has

B. Yes， he hasnt

C. No， he hasnt

D. No， he has

【真题链接7】（2013年宜宾卷） —Sam didnt go to school yesterday， did he？

—______. He was ill yesterday.

A. Yes， he did B. No， he did C. No， he didnt D. Yes， he didnt

【真题链接8】（2013年镇江卷） —You have joined the Singing Club， havent you？

—______. I like singing， but I dont have any time.

A. Yes， I do B. No， I dont

C. Yes， I have D. No， I havent

Key： 6～8 ACD

热点七：表示“提建议”的句型

中考英语试题中常考的“提建议”的句型有：

1. had better （not） do sth.“最好（不）做某事”

2. How about / What about doing sth.？“做某事怎么样”

3. I think you should do sth.“我认为你应该做某事”

4. Lets do sth.“让我们做某事吧”

5. Why not do sth. / Why dont you do sth.？ “为什么不做某事”

【真题链接1】（2015年苏州卷） —We can invite Nick and Nora to Shanghai Disneyland with us.

—______？ Ill give them a call right now.

A. Why not B. What for

C. Why D. What

【真题链接2】（2013年咸宁卷） Its rather hot in the room. Youd better ______ the window or the door.

A. close B. not to close

C. dont close D. not close

【真题链接3】（2013年丽水卷） —Can I have some cookies， Mom？

—______ Ill get you some.

A. No way.

B. How come？

C. How can it be？

D. Why not？

【真题链接4】（2013年广州卷） —I feel very tired.

—______

A. Lucky you！

B. Youd better work harder.

C. Congratulations！

D. Why not go and have a rest？

Key： 1～4 ADDD

热点八：表示“花费”的句型

中考英语试题中常考查学生对下列表示“花费”的固定句型的运用能力：

1. It takes sb. some time to do sth.“干某事花某人一些时间”

2. sb. spend some time on sth. / （in） doing sth.“某人花时间在某事上/某人花时间干某事”

3. sth. cost sb. some money“某事花费某人一些钱”

4. pay some money for sth.“为某事（物）付钱”

【真题链接1】（2015年襄阳卷） —Its reported that Chinese ______ more than 40 minutes a day reading WeChat （微信）.

—Its true. But I think WeChat is taking too much of our time.

A. spend B. cost

C. pay D. take

【真题链接2】（2015年福州卷） —It will ______ only about 50 minutes to travel to Mount Wuyi by high-speed railway.

—Wow， how exciting！ I cant wait.

A. take B. spend

C. cost

Key： 1～2 AA

巩固练习：

从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1. —______ nice day today！

—Yeah， lets take a walk outside.

A. What a B. What

C. How D. How a

2. —Look！ This sweater is beautiful.

—______？

A. Why not trying it on

B. Why not try on it

C. Why not try it on

D. Why not trying on it

3. —Listen！ Someone is playing the piano.

—Wow！ ______ beautiful music！ I like it very much.

A. What B. How a

C. What a D. How

4. It seemed only a few minutes ______ the boy finished washing his face.

A. when B. till

C. after D. before

5. It is careless ______ the same mistake in your composition again.

A. for you to make

B. for you making

C. of you to make

D. of you making

6. It ______ two years ______ he joined the League.

A. was； when B. was； since

C. has been； since D. is； before

7. One more month， ______ these baby birds will fly out of their nest.

A. or B. and

C. but D. otherwise

8. ______ learning English， listening， speaking， reading and writing ______ the four basic skills.

A. In； are B. On； is

C. For； is D. To； are

9. Alice， you must make sure that the children here are well looked after， ______？

A. dont you B. doesnt she

C. will you D. would she

10. ______， the colder the winters are.

A. The more north you go

B. The farther you go the north

C. The more you go north

D. The farther north you go

11. —Do you know？ Henry didnt win that speech contest.

—______？ I was sure he would. He worked so hard on it.

A. Do I B. Dont I

C. Did he D. Didnt he

12. ______ our earth， or else it will be no longer fit for us to live on.

A. Protected B. To protect

C. Protecting D. Protect

13. ______ the whole passage fast， so that you will get a general idea of it.

A. Reading B. To read

C. Read D. Have read

14. Let us forget the past， ______？

A. dont you B. shall we

C. do we D. will you

15. —Your sister isnt a nurse， is she？

—______. She teaches English in a middle school.

A. No， she isnt

B. Yes， she is

C. Yes， she isnt

D. No， she is

16. There isnt any chicken on the plate， ______？

A. is it B. isnt it

C. isnt there D. is there

17. —I hear Huang Gang made an English speech at the graduation ceremony yesterday.

—______， and ______.

A. So he did； so did I

B. So did he； so I did

C. So he was； so was I

D. So was he； so I was

18. —My brother and I will go to the library tomorrow.

—______. Shall we go together？

A. So am I B. So do I

C. So I am D. So will I

19. —______ beautiful day it is！ Lets go and have a picnic in the park.

—Good idea！

A. How B. How a

C. What D. What a

20. —Kate has won the first prize in the singing competition.

—______ pleasant surprise this gave her classmates！

A. What B. How

C. What a D. How a

21. —______ beautiful city！

—Yes. Lots of tourists come to visit it every year.

A. How B. What

C. How a D. What a

22. —There are always many volunteers in great events， ______？

—Yes. Many hands make light work！

A. arent there B. are there

C. arent they D. are they

23. ______ good job she does！ She is really a clever girl.

A. What B. How

C. What a D. How a

24. —Zhou Weilun could hardly speak English three years ago， ______？

—No， he couldnt. But now he is quite good at it.

A. couldnt he B. could he

C. didnt he D. did he

25. —______ wonderful dictionary it is！ Thank you for buying me such a useful present.

—Im glad you like it.

A. What a B. What

C. How a D. How

26. ______ happily the children are flying kites！

A. What B. What a

C. How D. How a

27. Lets search the Internet for some information about famous people， ______？

A. will you B. wont you

C. shall we D. do you

28. —Meat isnt really dangerous， is it？

—Oh！ ______！ Its not at all good for our health.

A. Yes， it isnt

B. No， it is

C. Yes， it is

D. No， it isnt

29. ______ worried about me， Mom. Ive grown up.

A. Dont B. Dont be

C. Not D. Not be

30. Take a cup of water， ______ you will feel better.

A. or B. but

C. so D. and

31. Mrs. Black doesnt believe her son is able to design a cellphone， ______？

A. doesnt she B. does she

C. is he D. isnt he

32. —Which team do you think will win the game， Houston Rockets or New Jersey Nets？

—I dont know， ______.

A. nor do I careB. nor I care

C. so I care D. so do I care

33. Dont talk loudly while another student is speaking， ______？

A. will you B. wont you

C. do you D. dont you

34. —Lovely day， isnt it？

—Yes， ______

A. you are right.B. isnt it？

C. sure. D. is it？

35. I dont think he did so much homework last night， ______？

A. do I B. did he

C. does he D. can he

36. I dont know if Jack ______. If he ______， call me， please.

A. will come； will come

B. comes； comes

C. comes； will come

D. will come； comes

37. —Lets go to play soccer after class， OK？

—______

A. Not at all.

B. Why not？

C. Never mind.

D. Take it easy.

38. —As a member of bus driver， I am proud of Wu Bin.

—______. He is a hero in my heart.

A. So do I B. So I am

C. So am I D. Neither am I

39. —David has made great progress recently.

—______， and ______.

A. So he has； so you have

B. So he has； so have you

C. So has he； so have you

D. So has he； so you have

40. —Tom， Im watching a football match.What about you？

—______.

A. So do I B. So am I

C. So I do D. So I am

41. Im interested in animals， so I ______ every Saturday working in an animal hospital.

A. pay B. get

C. take D. spend

42. Dont smoke in the meeting room， ______？

A. do you B. will you

C. can you D. could you

43. —Lets go and fly kites， ______？

—Wonderful.

A. will you B. shall we

C. dont you D. do you

44. —Cathy is reading an English magazine now， isnt she？

—______. She is busy cleaning the house.

A. No， she is

B. Yes， she isnt

C. Yes， she is

D. No， she isnt

45. The science book ______ me a great amount of money.

A. took B. cost

C. used D. spent

46. I am sorry because I am afraid it will be some time ______ we know the full results.

A. when B. while

C. before D. since

47. —Jim should have been informed of the wedding place.

—______， but he simply forgot about it.

A. So he had B. So had he

C. So was he D. So he was

48. Its said that the power plant is now ______ large as what it was.

A. twice as B. as twice

C. twice much D. much twice

49. —How can I apply for an online course？

—Just fill out this form and we ______ what we can do for you.

A. see B. are seeing

C. have seen D. will see

50. ______ down the radio—the babys asleep in the next room.

A. Turning B. Turn

C. Turned D. To turn

51. He said that he wouldnt leave for Shanghai the next week， ______？

A. didnt he B. did he

C. wouldnt he D. would he

52. I think Kate liked singing at that time， ______？

A. dont I B. do I

C. didnt she D. did she

Key：

1～5 ACADC 6～10 CBACD

11～15 DDCDA 16～20 DADDC

21～25 DACBA 26～30 CCCBD

31～35 BAABB 36～40 DBCBB

41～45 DBBDB 46～50 CDADB

51～52 AC

篇11：中考英语作文评分标准大总结

首先我们来看看中考英语作文的评分标准。

1. 内容完整，语句流畅，无语法错误，书写规范，给9-10分;

2. 内容较完整，语句较流畅，基本无语法错误，书写较规范，给6-8分;

3. 内容不完整，语句欠流畅，语法错误较多，书写较规范，给3-5分;

4. 只写出个别要点，语法错误较多，书写欠规范，只有个别句子可读或不知所云，给0-2分。

从这个评分标准来看，它对考生的作文要求有四点：1、内容要完整。2、语句流畅。3、没有语法错误。4、书写规范。能达到上述要求的作文，都会得到相应的高分。所以，在写作文的时候，大家要牢记这些要求。

要做到内容完整，我们首先要认清看好题目的要求，抓住要点，注意文体。我们可以在写作之前好好构思一下，自己将从几个方面来写。是否能将所有内容都包含在内。在写完之后，再检查一遍。看看有没有内容的缺失。

要做到语句的流畅，这就要求有扎实的英语基本功。在平时的积累上，注意一些语义的表达方法。要尽量使用自己能够正确运用的语句和表达方式。注意句子之间的连贯性。这不仅仅指从语法上，也指句意上的连贯。

[中考英语作文评分标准大总结]

篇12：中考英语作文面面观大总结

首先我们来看看中考英语作文的评分标准。

1. 内容完整，语句流畅，无语法错误，书写规范，给9-10分；

2. 内容较完整，语句较流畅，基本无语法错误，书写较规范，给6-8分；

3. 内容不完整，语句欠流畅，语法错误较多，书写较规范，给3-5分；

4. 只写出个别要点，语法错误较多，书写欠规范，只有个别句子可读或不知所云，给0-2分。

在初中阶段，考生应注意语法点有：动词单三形式，时态（包括：现在进行时，一般过去时，将来时），定语从句（此项语法建议考生尽量不要使用），语态，单复数，主谓一致，冠词等还有一些表达方式。比如，我非常喜欢足球。考生经常会写成I very like football.这样的错误一定要避免。

书写一定要规范。要了解英语作文的书写规则。同时，要知道应用文的写作方法。这个在竞学网中学生英语频道的中考英语作文面面观的第四讲里曾经讲过。大家可以参考相关内容。

除了以上的四个方面，Helen还建议考生们要检查：单词的拼写、大小写和标点符号。

考试的时候，要尽量留出充足的时间给作文。这样，我们才能有足够的时间去构思，去打草稿。在评卷的时候，第一印象很重要，所以考生们一定要让自己的作文看起来舒服，干净，整齐。

篇13：中考英语情态动词总结

need

(1)need 表示“需要，必须”，主要用于否定句和疑问句中。其否定形式为neednt，表示“没有必要，不必”；对由need构成的疑问句进行回答时，其肯定回答用must，否定回答用 neednt。如

―Need we do some cleaning now? 我们必须现在大扫除吗？

―Yes, you must. 是的，你们必须(现在大扫除)。

―No, you neednt. 不，你们不必。

(2)need 还可作实义动词，常用于下列结构：

①need to do sth“需要做某事”。如：

I need to learn more. 我需要学习更多(的东西)。

②need doing “某物需要被做”。如：

My hair needs cutting. 我的头发该理了。

③need +名词或代词。如：

All living things need water. 一切生物需要水。

篇14：中考英语词法复习总结

【知识与能力要求】

1．掌握所学单词的形态变化，中考英语复习语法（词法Ⅰ）。

2．掌握简单句的五种基本句型，四笔头练习基本正确。

3．能理解不复杂的、含有状语从句或宾语从句的复合句。

4．掌握动词的五种基本时态（一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、现在完成时）的基本用法。

5．能理解并初步掌握过去进行时、过去完成时和过去将来时的基本用法。

6．掌握一般现在时（包括含有情态动词的一般现在时）、一般过去时的被动语态的基本用法。

7．掌握动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语和状语的用法（作主语和定语的用法只要求理解）。

【重难点问题归纳】

语法知识是在掌握一定量的单词和短语的基础上才能获得的。因此，单词的形态变化和简单句的五种基本句型是语法学习的基础之基础。五种基本时态和含有不复杂的状语从句及宾语从句的复合句是初中毕业班学生学习的重点也是语法学习的难点。五种基本时态中的一般过去时和现在完成时的基本用法及其区别是学习的难点。状语从句中的时态问题，宾语从句中的主语和谓语的语序问题是学生感到头痛的问题。被动语态是中国学生最不喜欢学习和使用的一种语态。因此，学生在学习时，时常感觉到很困难。动词不定式是初中英语语法中的一个重点。不定式在句中作宾语、宾语补足语和状语等用法均要求掌握，特别是一些动词，有些后面要求跟不定式作宾语，有些则要求跟动词一ing形式作宾语。

总之，语法部分是英语学习的重点和难点。语法知识掌握得好，将大大加快英语学习的进程。

【中考热点分析预测】

语法部分历年来是中考的必考内容。考试的范围广，涉及单词词形变化、基本句子结构、五种基本时态搬动语态、不定式用法以及状语从句、宾语从句，等等。近年来，在教学改革方面加大了对听说教学的力度，初中段以培养学生的交际能力为主，为高中段的英语学习打好基础，对语法知识的要求作了调整，降低了难度，但考查的范围并没有减小。单纯考语法知识的题比以前明显减少。试题往往设置一个情景，在对话中考查时态及基本句型。当然，有些语法项目设置在单句中，如：不定式、被动语态以及词语搭配。

语言学习是一个积累的过程，不记住相当数量的词语、习惯用语。句型和语法规则，是学不好英语的。因此，对词形变换、句型结构、状语从句中的时态以及常用的五种基本时态的考查仍将是中考命题的热点。

【应试策略】

动词及其时态是英语学习最重要的部分，也是学习的难点。被动语态也是学习的难点。宾语从句和状语从句是复合句中最重要、最常用的结构，是初中毕业生必须掌握的从句。注意现在时、过去时和将来时及现在完成时的基本用法以及句中的副词（包括时间副词）的用法，尤其要注意过去时与现在完成时的区别。宾语从句要注意从句结构的语序（连接词+从句的主语+从句的谓语+……）问题和时态问题（主句是过去时，从句必须用过去时的某种形式）；状语从句要注意在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来时态。动词、时态与语态与从句一定要在大量课文和对话的句子中反复操练，才能真正学会。只要你在复习和应试中注意以上几点，考试就一定能取得好成绩。

篇15：中考英语写作技巧总结

一、实用性写作(申请信 )

Your address

Month, Date, year

Receiver\'s address

Dear ...,

I am extremely pleased to hear from you./ to see your advertisement for the position in .... And I would like to write a letter to tell you that.../ I am confident that I am suitable for the kind of the job you are advertising.

.../ I feel I am competent to meet the requirements you have listed. On the one hand, .... On the other hand, .... I am enclosing my resume for your kind consideration and reference.

I shall be much obliged if you will offer me a precious opportunity to an interview. I will greatly appreciate a response from you at your earliest convenience/ I am looking forward to your replies at your earliest convenience.

Best regards for your health and success.

Sincerely yours,

二、阐述主题题型

要求从一句话或一个主题出发，按照提纲的要求进行论述.

1. 阐述名言或主题所蕴涵的意义.

2. 分析并举例使其更充实.

The good old proverb ----------------(名言或谚语)reminds us that ----------------(释义). Indeed, we can learn many things form it.

First of all,-----------------(理由一). For example, -------------------(举例说明). Secondly,----------------(理由二). Another case is that ---------------(举例说明). Furthermore , ------------------(理由三).

In my opinion, ----------------(我的观点). In short, whatever you do, please remember the say------A. If you understand it and apply it to your study or work, you”ll necessarily benefit a lot from it.

三、解决方法题型

要求考生列举出解决问题的多种途径

1. 问题现状

2. 怎样解决(解决方案的优缺点)

In recent days, we have to face I problem-----A, which is becoming more and more serious. First, ------------(说明A的现状).Second, ---------------(举例进一步说明现状)

Personally, I believe that -------------(我的解决方法). Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because --------------(带来的好处).

四、说明利弊题型

这种题型往往要求先说明一下现状，再对比事物本身的利弊，有时也会单从一个角度(利或弊)出发，最后往往要求考生表明自己的态度(或对事物前景提出预测)

1. 说明事物现状

2. 事物本身的优缺点(或一方面)

3. 你对现状(或前景)的看法

But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent. One of the important disadvantages is that ----------------(A的第一个缺点).To make matters worse,------------------(A的第二个缺点).

Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones. Therefore, I would like to ---------------(我的看法).

五、议论文的框架

(1) 不同观点列举型(选择型)

People,however,differintheiropinionsonthismatter.Somepeoplehold the idea that ___观点二_______. In their point of view, on the one hand， ___原因一_______. On the other hand, ____原因二_____. Therefore, thereis nodoubtthat ___观点二______.

As far as I am concerned, Ifirmlysupporttheviewthat __观点一或二______.Itis not only because ________, but also because _________. The more _______, the more ________.

篇16：中考英语知识点总结人教版

中考英语知识点归纳总结人教版免费

中考英语必考重点语法

一. 词法

1. 名词

(1)名词的可数与不可数

可数名词指表示的人或事物可以用数来计量，它有单数与复数两种形式。不可数名词指所表示的事物不能用数来计量。物质名词与抽象名词一般无法用数目，来统计，都成为不可数名词。

不可数名词前一般不能用冠词a、an来表示数量，没有复数形式。要表示“一个……”这一概念，就须加a piece of这一类短语。要注意许多名词在汉语里看来是可数名词，在英语里却不可数。如：chalk，paper，bread，rice，grass，news等。

(2)名词复数的规则变化

A.一般情况下加-s。

B.以s, x, ch, sh, 结尾的加-es

C.以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i再加-es

D.以f，fe结尾的，去掉f或fe，变成v再加-es

(3)名词的所有格

A. 单数名词词尾加’s，复数名词词尾若没有s，也要加’s。

如：the worker's bike，the Children’ s ball

B. 表示几个人共有一样东西，只需在最后一个人的名字后加’ s若表示各自所有，则需在各个名字后’ s。

如： This is Lucy and Licy’ s room.

These are Kate's and jack’ s rooms.

C. 如果是通过在词尾加—s构成的复数形式的名词，只加’。

如：the students’ books，the girls’ blouses

(另外：名词+of+名词名词是有生命的，我们就用’s结构来表示所有关系。如果名词所表示的事物是无生命的，我们就要用名词+of+名词的结构来表示所有关系。)

2. 代词

人称代词，物主代词，反身代词，指示代词，不定代词

(1)人称代词

第一人称单数

I me my mine myself

复数 we us our ours ourselves

第二人称

单数 you you your yours yourself

复数 you you your yours yourselves

第三人称

单数 he him his his himself

she her her hers herself

it it its its itself

复数 they them their theirs themselves

(2)物主代词

物主代词的用法：形容词性物主代词后面一定要跟上一个名词;

名词性物主代词可作主语、表语、宾语。

(3)反身代词

反身代词的构成分两种：第一、二人称反身代词在形容词性物主代词后加上self或selves，第三人称的反身代词在宾格代词后加上self或selves.

反身代词的用法：一种是作宾语，由主语发出的动作又回到动作者本身。如：I enjoyed myself at the party. 另一种是作名词或代词的同位语;用来加强语气。如：I can do it myself.

(4)指示代词

指示代词的特殊用法：

(1)为了避免重复，可用that，those代替前面提到过的名词，但是this，these不可以。

(2)this，that有时可代替句子或句子中的一部分。

(5)不定代词

one,some,any,other,another,all,both,each,neither,many,much等

3. 冠词

(1)不定冠词an用在元音读音开头(不是指元音字母)的词前，其余用不定冠词a.

(2)定冠词的基本用法

A. 用在重新提到的人或事物前面。

B. 指谈话双方都知道的人或事物前面。

C. 用在单数可数名词前面，表示某一类人或事物。

(3)定冠词的特殊用法

A. 用在世界上独一无二的事物或方位名词前。

B. 用在序数词、形容词的最高级及only所修饰的名词前。

C. 用在江河、海洋、山脉、湖泊、群岛的名称前面。

D. 用在由普通名词和另外一些词所构成的专有名词前面。

E. 用在姓氏的复数形式前面，表示全家人或这一姓的夫妇二人。

F. 用在乐器名称前。

G. 和某些形容词连用，表示某一类人或事物。

(4)名词前不用冠词的情况

A. 在专有名词 (包括人名、地名、节日、月份、季节) 、物质名词和抽象名词前—般不用冠词。但在以Festival组成的民间节日前要加the。

B. 表示一类人或事物的复数名词前。

C. 名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词或名词所有格修饰时，不用冠词。

D. 三餐饭、球类、棋类、游戏名称前一般不用冠词。正在有些词组中，有无冠词含义不同。

(sit) at table就餐; sit at the table坐在桌边

go to school去上学;go to the school去那所学校;in hospital住院;in the hospital在那个医院里

4. 数词

(1)数字的表示

三位数数词要在百位和十位(若无十位则和个位)之间加and。

1，000以上的数字，从后向前第三位数加一个“，”，第一个“，”前为thousand，第二个“，”前为million，第三个“，”前为billion。

(2)序数词除了first，second，third外，其余都在基数词尾加-th构成。

(3)分数分子在前，分母在后，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于1小时，分母序数词要变成复数。

(4)hundreds(thousands，millions)of……

5. 形容词、副词

(1)形容词的位置

A. 形容词作定语一般要放在名词前面，但当形容词修饰不定代词something，nothing，anything时要放在所修饰的不定代词之后。如：something important，nothing serious。

B. 当形容词带有表示度量的词或词组作定语或表语时，定语或表语要后置。如：

We have dug a hole two meters deep.

The hole is about two metres deep.

(2)形容词的比较等级

单音节词和少数双音节词，在词尾加—(e)r，—(e)st来构成比较级和最高级。其他双音节词和多音节词，在前面加more，most来构成比较级和最高级。如：

popular———more popular———most popular

important—more important—most important

(3)副词的比较等级

单音节副词和个别双音节副词通过加-er，-est来构成比较级和最高级。绝大多数副词借助more，most来构成比较级和最高级。

(4)少数形容词和副词比较级/最高级的不规则变化：

原级比较级最高级

well —— better —— best

badly —— worse —— worst

much —— more —— most

little —— less —— least

far —— farther —— farthest

farthest furthest

late —— later —— latest

(5)副词的最高级前面可以不加定冠词the。

6. 介词

(1)表示时间的介词及介词短语

in, at, on, before，after，till，since，for, fromto, until， by，in the middle of，at the beginning of， at the end of，at half past five，at night，in a week，in the morning，in class，at sunrise， in spring/summer/autumn/winter，on Sunday，on Saturday afternoon，on a winter evening，for a long time，for two months，after school，since liberation，before lunch，at the time of，at the age of

(2)表示地点的介词及介词短语

in，at，into，to，on，beside，before，behind，above，under，outside,inside,up,from,far,from,near,across， off， down， among， past，between，out of，around，in the front of， in the middle of， at the back of，at the foot of，at home，at the gate，at the table，in the sky， on the ground，in a tree， in the south，in the sun，in the bed，on one’s way home，by the side of

二. 八种基本时态

1. 一般现在时

概念: 表示经常发生的动作或经常存在的状态。

常和 always , often , usually , sometimes , every day 等表时间的状语连用。

如：1) I go to school every day . 我每天都去学校。(表经常)

2) He is always like that . 他总是那样。 (表状态)

构成： 1) 主语 + be (am / are / is ) +……

2) 主语 + 实义动词/三单动词 + …

2.一般过去时

概念: 1) 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态.

常和表示过去的时间状语连用. 如: yesterday , last week , in , two days ago等.

如: I went to a movie yesterday. 我昨天去看了一场电影.

2) 也可表示过去经常或反复发生的动作.

如: He always went to work by bike last week.

构成: 1) 主语 + be (was / were ) +……

2) 主语 + 实义动词过去式 +

3. 现在进行时

概念: 表示现在(说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作.

如: He is singing.

They are watching TV now.

构成: 主语 + 助动词be(am/are/is) + 动词-ing形式构成.

4. 过去进行时

概念: 表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作. 这一特定的过去时间除了有上下文暗示外,一般用时间状语来表示.

如: 1) ---What were you doing?

---I was jumping.

2) ---What was the boy doing when the UFO arrived?

---He was sleeping.

构成: 主语 + 助动词be(was/were) + 动词-ing形式构成.

5. 一般将来时

概念: 表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作,常与表示将来的时间状语连用,如: tomorrow, next week, next year, in the future等.

如: He will go shopping tomorrow.

They are going to play basketball next week.

构成: 1) 主语 + 助动词will + 动原 +…

2) 主语 + be going to + 动原 + ….

6. 过去将来时

概念: 表示在过去将来的某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态.

构成: 1) 主语(第一人称) + 助动词should + 动原 +…

2) 主语 + would + 动原 + ….

3) 主语 + was/ were going to +动原…

用法: 过去将来时除了上下文暗示外,一般常用在间接引语中,主句谓语动词为过去时态.

如: 1) I should go.

2) You knew I would come.

3) They were going to Naning.

7. 现在完成时

构成: 主语 + 助动词 ( have / has ) + 动词过去分词 +…

用法例句

表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果. ---Have you had your lunch yet?

---Yes, I have. (现在我不饿了)

8. 过去完成时

构成: 主语 + 助动词 had + 动词过去分词 +…

用法例句

表示过去在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作.它表示的动作发生的时间是”过去的过去”.表示过去某一时间可用by, before 等构成的短语,也可用when, before, 等引导的从句或者通过上下文表示.

I had finished my homework when my mom came back home.

三. 三大基本从句

从句的共同特点

从句是指在一个句子中充当一个成分的句子，充当什么成分就叫什么从句，如：充当宾语就叫宾语从句，充当定语成分就叫定语从句。

从以上定义中我们可以得出关于从句的一个最大特点：从句是句子。

从句的共同特点：1.从句都有自己的连接词 2.从句都是陈述语序(陈述语序就是主语在前，谓语在后，如：He is a teacher主语 He 在谓语is之前，因此是陈述语序，而Is he a teacher? 主语 He 在谓语is之后，因此不是陈述语序。)

1. 宾语从句

宾语从句是指在一个句子中充当宾语的句子，如：He said that he wanted to be a teacher when he grew up.

宾语从句的特点：

①宾语从句有自己的连接词

②宾语从句用陈述语序

③宾语从句的时态

(1)宾语从句的连接词：宾语从句的连接词包括that、if/whether(是否)、特殊疑问词。

(2)宾语从句的语序：

A. 宾语从句的连接词后加陈述语序(主语在前，谓语在后),如：I want to know if he can come tomorrow

B. 当连接词本身又是宾语从句的主语时，后面直接加谓语动词，如：She asked me who had helped him.

(3)宾语从句的时态，只要记住以下口诀就可以了“主现则从任，主过则从过，客观真理一般现”

A. 主现则从任：主句如果是一般现在时，则从句根据时间状语需要从八种时态中任选一种，如：1.He tells me he likes English very much(一般现在时)

B. 主过则从过：主句如果是一般过去时，则从句根据时间状语需要从四种带“过”字的时态中任选一种，带“过”字的时态分别是如：一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时。

如：He told me that he liked playing football(一般过去时)

C. 客观真理一般现:客观真理永远用一般现在时。

如：1.He says the moon goes around the earth.

2. 状语从句

(1)时间状语从句：在一个句子中作时间状语的句子。

时间状语的连接词：when(当…时候) while(当…时候) as(当…时候) after(在…以后) before(在…以前) as soon as(一…就) since(自从…到现在) till /until(直到…

才) by the time(到…为止)依旧是连接词后加陈述语序。

举例：when当…的时候(一般情况下主句是将来时的时候，从句要用一般现在时。)

Mozart started writing music when he was four years old.

(2)原因状语从句：在一个句子中作原因状语的句子。

连接词：由连词because, since, as引导, 也可由for, now that 等词引导。

举例：I didn’t go to school yesterday because I was ill.

(3)条件状语从句：在一个句子中作条件状语的句子。

连接词：if如果, unless (=if not) 除非。(让步)

举例：If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go hiking.

(4)目的、结果状语从句

目的状语从句是指在一个句子中充当目的状语的句子。

结果状语从句是指在一个句子中充当结果状语的句子

目的状语从句连接词so that, so…that , in order that 引导。

结果状语从句连接词 so…that, such…that, so much/many…that引导。

举例：so…that 如此…以至于

The scientist’s report was so instructive that we were all very excited.

(5)让步状语从句

让步状语从句是指在句子中作让步的状语的句子

连接词： though, although.，whether…or not

举例：Although he is rich, yet he is not happy.

3.no matter从句

结构：“no matter +特殊疑问词疑问词+陈述语序” 或“特殊疑问词+后缀ever+陈述语序”

如：No matter what happened, he would not mind.

注意：no matter 不能引导主语从句和宾语从句。

3. 定语从句

定语是指在句子中用来修饰名词、代词的成分。

如：I will give my teacher a bunch of beautiful flower.(中beautiful就是定语)

定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词后

如：I have met the doctor who is in the No.1 hospital.

定语从句的连接词：

连接代词：who、which、whom、whose、that

连接副词：when、where、why

中考英语必考60个经典知识点

1. as…as 和……一样

中间必须用形容词或副词原级。例如：

This classroom is as big as that one.

这间教室和那间一样大。

He runs as fast as Tom. 他和汤姆跑的一样快。

否定结构：not as/so…as,“不如……”。上面的两个句子可分别改为：

This classroom is not as/so large as that one.

这间教室不如那间大。

He doesn’t run as/so fast as Tom.

他跑得不如汤姆快。

2. as soon as 一……就……

用来引导时间状语从句。若主句是一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时。例如：

I’ll tell him the plan as soon as I see him.

我一看到他就告诉他这个计划。

He’ll go home as soon as he finishes his work.

他一完成工作就回家。

3. be busy/enjoy/hate/go on/finish doing sth. 忙于/喜欢/讨厌/继续/完成做某事

在enjoy, finish, hate, go on, be busy等词语后，一般用动词-ing形式作宾语。例如：

Lin Tao is busy making a model plane.

林涛正忙着做飞机模型。

My mother enjoys taking a walk after supper.

我妈妈喜欢晚饭后散步。

I hate watching Channel Five.

我讨厌看五频道。

When someone asked him to have a rest, he just went on working.

当有人让他休息一会儿时，他仍继续工作。

I have finished writing the story.

我已经写完了故事。

4. fill…with 用……装满......;be filled with 充满了……;be full of 充满了......

①be filled with 说明由外界事物造成的此种状态，表示被动。例如：

The box is filled with food.

盒子里装满了食物。

②be full of说明主语处于的状态。此外，还可表示程度，意为“非常”。例如：

The patient’s room is full of flowers.

那个病人的房间摆满了花。

The young man is full of pride.

那个年轻人非常骄傲。

③这两种结构还可以相互改写。例如：

I fill the box with food. The box is full of food.

5. be good/bad for 有利于/有害于……

此句型是：be + adj. + for + n.结构。例如：

Doing morning exercises is good for your health.

做早操对你的健康有益。

Always playing computer games is bad for your study.

总玩电脑游戏对你的学习不利。

6. be used to(doing) sth.习惯于……

后必须接名词或动名词，可用于现在、过去、将来的多种时态。be 可用get, become来代替。例如：

He is used to life in the country.(He is used to living in the country.)

他习惯于乡村生活。

He will get used to getting up early.

他将会习惯于早起。

注意：be used to do 的意思是“被用来做……”。例如：

Wood is used to make paper.

木材被用来造纸。

7. both…and…两者都……

用来连接两个并列成分;当连接两个并列主语时，其后谓语动词用复数。例如：

Both the students and the teachers will go to the History Museum tomorrow.

不论老师还是学生明天都会去历史博物馆。

8. can’t help doing sth. 禁不住做某事

help在此的意思是“抑制,忍住”，其后接动词-ing形式。例如：

His joke is too funny. We can’t help laughing.

他的笑话太有趣了，我们禁不止笑了起来。

9. sth. costs sb. some money 某物花费某人多少钱

此句型的主语是物。cost一词带的是双宾语，它的过去式、过去分词和原型一样。

This book cost me five Yuan.

这本书花了我五元钱。

10. either…or… 不是……就是……,或者……或者……

用来连接两个并列成分，当连接并列主语时，谓语动词与邻近的主语保持一致。

You may either stay here or go home.

你可以呆在这儿，也可以回家。

Either she or I am right. = Either I or she is right.

不是她对就是我对。

11. enough (for sb.) to do sth. 足够……做……

在此结构中,for用来引出不定式的逻辑主语。例如：

The ice isn’t thick enough for you to walk on.

这冰还没有厚到你可以在上面走的程度。

12. feel like doing sth. 想要做某事

此处like为介词，后面跟动词-ing形式。此句型与would like to do sth.同义。例如：

I feel like drinking a cup of milk.

我想喝一杯牛奶。

13. feel/find/think it adj./n. to do sth. 认为某事……

在此结构中it为形式宾语，不定式短语作真正的宾语。例如：

I find it very interesting to play football.

我发现踢足球很有趣。

She thinks it her duty to help us.

她认为帮助我们是她的职责。

14. get ready for sth./to do sth.

get ready for sth.意为“为某事做准备”;get ready to do sth.意为“准备做某事”例如：

We are getting ready for the meeting.

我们正在为会议做准备。

They were getting ready to have a sports meet at that moment.

他们那时正准备开运动会。

15. get/receive/ a letter from 收到……的来信

相当于hear from 例如：

Did you receive a letter from John?

你收到约翰的来信了吗?

I got a letter from my brother yesterday.

我昨天收到了我弟弟的一封来信。

16. had better (not) do sth. 最好(别)做某事

had better为情态动词，其后需用动词原形。had better常用缩写，变成’d better，其否定形式是在其后直接加not。例如：

We had better go now. = We’d better go now.

我们最好现在走吧。

You’d better not go out because it is windy.

今天刮风，你最好别出去了。

17. have sth. done 使(某事)完成 (动作由别人完成)

sth.为宾语，done为过去分词作补语。例如：

We had the machine repaired.

我们请人把机器修好了。

注意区分：We have repaired the machine. 我们(自己)已经修好了机器。

18. help sb. (to) do sth./with sth. 帮助某人(做)某事

其中的to可以省略。例如：

I often help my mother with housework.

我常常帮助妈妈做家务。

Would you please help me (to) look up these words?

请你帮助我查查这些词好吗?

19. How do you like…? 你认为……怎么样?

与what do you think of …?同义。例如：

How do you like the weather in Beijing?你

认为北京的天气怎么样? 你觉得这部新电影如何?

20. I don’t think/believe that… 我认我/相信……不……

其中的not是对宾语从句进行否定而不是对主句否定(否定前移)。that可省略。例如：

I don’t think it will rain.

我认为天不会下雨。

I don’t believe the girl will come.

我相信那女孩不会来了。

21. It happens that… 碰巧……

相当于happen to do。例如：

It happened that I heard their secret.

可改写为：I happened to hear their secret.

我碰巧听到了他们的秘密。

22. It’s/has been +一段时间+since从句自从某时起做某件事情已经一段时间了

该句型中since引导的时间状语从句常用一般过去时。例如：

It’s twenty years since he came here.

他来这里已经了。

It has been six years since he married Mary.

他和玛丽结婚已经六年了。

23. It is +adj./n. + for sb. to do sth. 做某事对某人来说……

It是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式to do sth。例如：

It’s not easy for us to study English well.

对我们来说学好英语并不容易。

It’s a good idea for us to travel to the south.

去南方旅行对我们来说是个好主意。

24. It’s + adj. + of sb. to do sth.

It是形式主语，to do sth.是真正的主语, 当表语(即形容词)能对逻辑主语描述时，常用介词of,而不用for。例如：

It’s very polite of you to give your seat to old people.

你给老人让座，非常有礼貌。

25. It seems/appears (to sb) that… (在某人看来)好像……

此句中的it是主语，that引导的是表语从句。例如：

It seems that he is lying. 看样子他好像是在撒谎。

It appears to me that he never smiles. 在我看来，他从来没有笑过。

26. It is +数词+meters/kilometers long/wide… ……是多少米(公里)长(宽)

用来表示物体的长(宽,高)，如数词大于一，名词要用复数。例如：

It is 20 meters long from this end to that end. 从这端到那端有二十米长。

27. It’s time for sb. to do sth. 是某人干某事的时候了

it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式to do sth. 例如：

It’s time for the child to go to bed.

孩子该睡觉了。

比较下面两种结构：

① It’s time for + n. 例如：

It’s time for school.

②It’s time to do sth. 例如：

It’s time to go to school.

28. It takes sb. some time to do sth. 花费某人多少时间做某事

it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式to do sth。例如：

It takes her fifteen minutes to walk to the bus stop from here.

从这儿走着到公交车站将花费她15分钟。

It took the old man three days to finish the work.

那个老人花了三天时间完成这项工作。

29. keep (on) doing sth. 一直坚持做某事

keep doing sth.一般用于静态动词。keep on doing sth.意为“继续不停地做某事”，一般用于动态动词，但二者的区别并不是很严格，有时可以互换。例如：

Don’t keep on doing such foolish things.

不要再做这样的傻事了。

He kept sitting there all day.

他整天坐在那里。

30. keep…from doing sth. 阻止......做某事

相当于stop…from doing sth., prevent…from doing sth. 在主动句中，stop和prevent后面的from可以省略，但在被动结构中，from不可以省略。例如：

Please keep the children from swimming in the sea.

请别让孩子到海里游泳。

The big noise outside my room stopped me from doing my homework.

屋外巨大的噪音使我不能做作业。

31. keep sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事

不可和keep sb. from doing sth.结构混淆。

例如：Why do you keep me waiting for a long time? 你为什么让我等了很长时间?

32. make sb. do sth. 使某人干某事

make意为“使”时，其后要有不带to的动词不定式。

例如：He made me work ten hours a day. 他让我每天工作10小时。

注意：上句如改为被动语态，则work 前的to不能省略。例如：

I was made to work ten hours a day.

33. neither…nor… 既不……也不……

当连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词与邻近的主语取得一致(就进一致原则)。例如：

Neither we nor Jack knows him. 我们和杰克都不认识他。

He neither knows nor cares what happened. 他对发生的事情不闻不问。

34. not…until… 直到……才......

until后可跟名词或从句，表示时间。例如：

He didn’t come until late in the evening.他直到晚上很迟才来。

He didn’t arrive until the game began. 直到比赛开始他才来。

35. sb. pays money for sth. 某人花钱买某物

此句型主语是人。例如：

I’ve already paid 2,000 Yuan for the motor bike. 我已经花了元买这辆摩托车。

36. spend time/money on sth./(in)doing sth. 花费(时间、钱)在某事上/做某事

其中in可以省略，通常主语为“人”。例如：

I spent five Yuan on this book. 我在这本书上花了五元钱。

I spent two hours (in) doing my homework yesterday. 昨晚我花了两个小时做作业。

37. so…that… 太……以至于……

用于复合句，that引导的是结果状语从句。so是副词,后面应接形容词或副词，如果接名词，应用such。例如：

The ice is so thin that you can’t walk on it. 冰太薄了，你不能在上面走。

He is such a kind man that we all like him. 他是一个非常好的人，我们都很喜欢他。

38. stop to do sth., stop doing sth.

stop to do sth. 意为“停下来去做另一件事”，stop doing sth.意为“停止正在做的事”例如：

You’re too tired. You’d better stop to have a rest. 你们太累了，最好停下来休息一会儿。

The teacher is coming. Let’s stop talking. 老师来了，咱们别说话了。

39. Thank you for doing sth. 感激你做了某事。

for之后除了加动名词doing外，还可以加名词。例如：

Thank you for giving me the present. 谢谢你给我的礼物。

Thank you for your help. =Thank you for helping me.谢谢你的帮助。

40. thanks to 多亏……,由于……

thanks后的s不能省略，to是介词。例如：

Thanks to my friend Jim, I’ve worked out this problem. 多亏了我朋友吉姆的帮助，我已经解决了这个问题。

41. There be句型

①在此结构中，there是引导词，在句中不能充当任何成分，也不必翻译出来。句中的主语是某人或某物，谓语动词be要与主语的数保持一致。例如：

There is a man at the door. 门口有一个人。

当主语是由两个或者两者以上的名词充当时，谓语动词be要跟它邻近的那个名词的数一致(就近一致)。例如：

There are two dogs and a cat under the table.桌下有两只狗和一只猫。

比较：There is a cat and two dogs under the table.

②There be 句型中的be不能用have来代替，但可以用lie(位于，躺),stand(矗立),exist(生存),live(生活)等词来替换。例如：

There stand a lot of tall buildings on both sides of the street. 街道两旁矗立着许多高楼。

There lies lake in front of our school.我们学校前面有一个湖。

Once there lived a king here. 这儿曾经有一个国王。

There is going to be a sports meeting next week. 下周准备开一个运动会。

there be 的拓展结构：there seem(s)/happen(s) to be…

There seems to be one mistake in spelling.

似乎有一处拼写错误。

There happened to be a ruler here. 这儿碰巧有把尺子。

There seemed to be a lot of people there. 那儿似乎有很多人。

42. The + adj.比较级, the + adj.比较级越……,越……

此句型表示一方随另一方的变化而变化。例如：

The harder he works, the happier he feels.他工作越努力，就感到越幸福。

The more, the better. 多多益善。

43. too + adj./adv. +to do sth. 太……以至于不能…….

此句型为简单句，后面的to表示否定含义。例如：

The ice is too thin for you to walk on. 这冰太薄，你不能在上面走。

The bag is too heavy to carry. 这个袋子太重搬不动。

44. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事

used to是情态动词，表示过去的习惯动作或状态，现在已不存在，因此只用于过去时态。例如:

He used to get up early. 他过去总早起。

When I was young, I used to play tennis very often. 我年轻时经常打网球。

否定形式有两种：didn't use to; used not to,例如：

He didn't use to come. = He used not to come. 他过去不常来。

45. what about…? ……怎么样?

后面可接名词、代词、动名词等。与“how about…?”同义。例如：

We have been to Hainan. What about you? 我们去过海南，你呢?

What about going to the park on Sunday? 星期天去公园怎么样?

46. What day/date is it today? 今天星期几(几月几日)?

—What day is it today?

—Sunday.

—What date is it today?

—June 24th.

47. What’s wrong (the matter) with…? ……怎么了?

What’s wrong with you, Madam? 夫人，您怎么了?

You look worried. What’s wrong with you? 你看上去很焦急，出什么事了?

48. Why not do…? 为什么不做……?

谓语动词用原形。与Why don’t you do…?同义。例如：

Why not go to see the film with us?= Why don’t you go to see the film with us? 为什么不和我们一起去看电影呢?

49. would like to do sth. 想做……

后用动词不定式作宾语。例如：

I would like to drink a cup of tea.我想喝一杯茶。

疑问句式：Would you like (to drink) a cup of tea? 你想喝杯茶吗?

50. adj./adv.比较级 + and adj./adv.比较级越来越......

若形容词/副词为双音节词及多音节词，则这一结构变为“more and more +形容词/副词”。例如：

It’s getting warmer and warmer. 天气变得越来越暖和了。

The little girl becomes more and more beautiful. 小女孩变得越来越漂亮了。

51. adj.比较级+than

than引导的是典型的比较级句型，表示“一者比另一者……”,其前用形容词或副词的比较级，than从句可以用省略形式。例如：

I know you better than she does. 我比她更了解你。

This house is bigger than that one. 这所房子比那所房子大。

52. though-从句

though引导的是让步状语从句，意思是“虽然……但是……”。但不能和but连用，英语中表达“虽然……,但是……”时，though和but只能用一个。例如：

Though it was snowing, it was not very cold. 虽然下着雪，可并不太冷。

I was late for the last bus though I hurried. 虽然我拼命赶路，还是没搭上最后一班公交车。

We didn’t feel tired though we walked a long way. 虽然我们走了很长的路程，但是并没有感到累。

53. if-从句

If 引导的是条件状语从句，“如果;假如“。如主句用一般将来时，if从句要用一般现在时(主将从现)。例如：

If I go to the Great Wall tomorrow, would you like to come along? 如果明天我去长城，你会和我一起去吗?

If it rains tomorrow, I won’t go. 如果明天下雨，我就不去了。

54. because-从句

引导原因状语从句，“因为”。例如：

He didn’t hear the knocking at the door because he was listening to the radio. 他没有听见敲门声，因为他正在听收音机。

55. so + do/be + 主语

“So + be/助动词/情态动词 + 主语” 表示前面所述内容也适用于另一人或物。be、助动词或情态动词的选择视前面陈述句中谓语动词的时态形式而定。例：

He likes football and so do I. 他喜欢足球，我也如此。

Jim was playing football just now and so was Tom. 刚才吉姆在踢足球，汤姆也在踢足球。

比较：“So +主语+be/助动词/情态动词.”结构，是用来证实前一句所表达的内容(起强调作用)。be、助动词或情态动词的选择视前面陈述句中谓语动词的时态形式而定。

A: It is very hot today. 今天天气很热。

B: So it is. 确实如此。

56. not only…but also… 不但……而且……

常用来连接语法作用相同的词、短语或句子。连接两个主语时，谓语动词要和紧靠它的主语在人称和数上保持一致。例如：

She likes not only singing but also dancing. 她不但喜欢唱歌，而且喜欢跳舞。

He is not only a good doctor but also a good father. 他不但是个好医生而且是个好爸爸。

Not only I but also he is hoping to go there. 不但我而且他也想去那儿。

57. prefer…to… 喜欢……胜过…...

prefer (doing) sth. to (doing) sth. 意为“两者相比更喜欢(做)其中之一”。在此结构中，to是介词，接名词或动名词，结构中前后所跟成分一样。例如：

He prefers tea to coffee. 茶与咖啡相比，他更喜欢茶。

He prefers doing shopping to going fishing.购物与钓鱼相比，他更喜欢购物。

58. 感叹句型

What (a/an) + adj. + n. +主语+谓语! How + adj./adv.+ +主语+谓语! 例如：

What a clever boy (he is)! =How clever the boy is! 这个男孩儿多聪明啊!

What a wonderful film we saw last night! 昨天晚上我们看的电影多精彩啊!

How lovely the weather is! 天气多好啊!

How hard he works! 他工作多么努力啊!

59. 祈使句型

祈使句型表示命令、请求、劝告等含义。说话的对象通常为第二人称，习惯上常省略。句末用句号或感叹号。肯定祈使句是：谓语动词用动词原形表示。否定祈使句是：在谓语动词前加do not(don’t)。例如：

Be here on time tomorrow. 明天准时到这儿来。

Say it in English! 用英语说!

Don’t be afraid! 别怕!

Don’t look out of the window! 不要朝窗外看!

60. 并列句型

用并列连词连接起来的两个或两个以上的简单句叫并列句。连接并列句常用的连接词有：and, but, or, so, however, not only…but also..., neither…nor..., either…or…等。例如：

I help her and she helps me. 我帮助她，她帮助我。

He is very old but he is in good health. 他年纪很大了，但他身体很好。

We must hurry, or we’ll be late. 我们得赶快走，不然就晚了。

Kate does her work carefully, so she never makes any mistakes. 凯特工作很认真，从不出错。

中考英语综合测试题

第Ⅰ卷(选择题共85分)

Ⅰ.听力测试

A)听录音，在每组句子中选出一个你所听到的句子。每个句子听一遍。(5分)

( )1.A.It smells terrible.

B.She wants to be an actor.

C.My favorite subject is PE.

( )2.A.Do you have a pet?

B.Are you exercising right now?

C.Can they go to the basketball game?

( )3.A.What time do you take a shower?

B.What club do you want to join?

C.Where’s your backpack?

( )4.A.Rainy days are kind of boring.

B.We’ve been to many wonderful places.

C.It’s one of the most beautiful cities in the northwest of China.

( )5.A.I think sand sliding is the most exciting sport.

B.If I go to college, I’ll never become a great soccer player.

C.Everyone should do what we can do to help the people in trouble.

C)在录音中，你将听到一段对话及五个问题。请根据对话内容及问题选择正确答案。对话及问题听两遍。(5分)

( )11.A.For one year.

B.For half a year.

C.For 8 months.

( )12.A.About 20. B.About 10. C.About 40.

( )13.A.Her aunt. B.Her uncle. C.Her cousin.

( )14.A.Going to the museum.

B.Playing the violin.

C.Painting pictures.

( )15.A.Every day. B.Once a month. C.Once a week.

D)在录音中，你将听到一篇短文及五个问题。请根据短文内容及问题选择正确答案。短文及问题听两遍。(5分)

( )16.A.Sixteen. B.Eighteen. C.Fifteen.

( )17.A.Yes， she is.

B.No, she isn’t.

C.We don’t know.

( )18.A.Jack’s classmate.

B.Jack’s workmate.

C.Jack’s girlfriend.

( )19.A.In Mary’s home.

B.In the office.

C.In Jack’s home.

( )20.A.10 p.m. B.12 a.m. C.12 p.m.

Ⅱ.读音选词根据所给句意和音标,从每题A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个正确答案。(5分)

( )21.Please give me a _________ of bread.

A.peel B.prize C.piece D.please

( )22.The students in my class sold newspapers to

________ money to help the homeless.

A.read B.rise C.raise D.rose

( )23.People in Brazil are supposed to________ when they meet for the first time.

A.kiss B.kill C.dance D.bow

( )24.Our English teacher is really ________ . She is never angry with us.

A.painter B.painting C.parents D.patient

( )25.Everyone else in my class was invited ________ me, and I don’t know why.

A.swept B.kept C.except D.accept

Ⅲ.选择填空从每题A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。(30分)

( )26.—What ________ do you like?

—I like green.

A.kind B.size C.time D.color

( )27.Li Na started playing __________ tennis at the age of six. She is one of __________ best women tennis players in the world.

A.the; the B.a; / C./; the D.the; /

( )28.—Is the woman who is singing your teacher?

—Yes, she teaches ________ English.

A.we B.our C.our D.us

( )29.—Peter is ill in hospital.

—I’m not _________ to hear that. I’ve been telling him not to work so late every day!

A.surprised B.sorry C.glad D.excited

( )30.— can we live a low?carbon(低碳的) life?

—OK! Use both sides of the paper and don’t use plastic bags.

A.How B.Why C.When D.Where

( )31.—When did basketball become an Olympic event, do you know?

—I think it was _________ 1936.

A.in B.on C.at D.by

( )32.I have realized the _________ of learning math. I must work hard.

A.difference B.experience

C.importance D.important

( )33.—I want to buy some flowers.

—There __________ a flower store across from the pay phone.

A.is B.has C.are D.have

( )34.I don’t like junk food ________ it’s not good for our health.

A.so B.but C.or D.because

( )35.I bought ________ books this morning, six Chinese books and three English books.

A.seven B.eight C.nine D.eleven

( )36.Jinan, our hometown, is one of ______ in China.

A.beautiful city

B.the most beautiful city

C.the most beautiful cities

D.most beautiful cities

( )37.—Excuse me, sir.________ is it from here to the nearest shopping mall?

—Well, only about five minutes’ walk.

A.How often B.How long C.How far D.How soon

( )38.—Why not take this sweater, Li Hua?It looks nice on you!

—I have only 20 yuan. I can’t ________ it.

A.bring B.sell C.borrow D.afford

( )39.— __________you come with me to Lang Lang’s piano concert this evening?

—I’d love to, but I have to study for my math test.

A.Should B.May C.Must D.Can

( )40.Which sign means “No photos”?

( )41.—Hello, Peter! _________?

—Not bad, thanks.

A.How high is it B.What are you doing

C.How’s it going D.What about going shopping

( )42.—Could you __________ me your ruler, Jim?

—Sure. Here you are.

A.keep B.lend C.borrow D.return

( )43.—Do you like to eat a birthday cake or noodles?

—____________.

A.Yes, I do B.No, we don’t

C.Noodles D.A medium bowl

( )44.Paul is a kind and friendly boy. ________ likes him.

A.Something B.Anything

C.Nobody D.Everybody

( )45.I’m glad that the town government will ________ a new modern hospital for the farmers.

A.wake up B.set up C.look up D.give up

( )46.(?济南平阴一模)—Time is money.

—But I think it is ________ money.

A.so important as B.more important than

C.so important than D.the same as

( )47.A direct order like “give me your pen”_______ rude.

A.smells B.looks C.feels D.sounds

( )48.The little boy is ________ lovely ________ everyone likes him.

A.such; that B.too; to C.so; that D.enough; so

( )49.—Mary, could you tell me if your mother _______ our school meeting tomorrow?

—I think she will come to school if she ______ free.

A.will take part in; will be B.takes part in; is

C.will take part in; is D.takes part in; will be

( )50.—__________ coat you’re having!

—Thank you.

A.What beautiful B.What a beautiful

C.How a beautiful D.How beautiful

( )51.________ kind and helpful to the people around us, and we will make the world a nicer place to live in.

A.Be B.Being C.To be D.Been

( )52.(2015?济南槐荫区二模)—John, do you want to join me for dinner this evening?

—____________.

A.Excuse me B.I’d love to

C.Yes, please. D.Nice to meet you

( )53.I ________ think I wouldn’t get taller.

A.used to B.be used to C.use to D.am using to

( )54.—I’m sorry to have kept you waiting long.

—Never mind. I ________ here for only a few minutes.

A.have been B.have come

C.have arrived D.waited

( )55.—Can you tell me ________ to London?

—Sure. Next month.

A.when you will travel B.when will you travel

C.when you travelled D.when did you travel

Ⅳ.完形填空阅读短文,从每题A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出一个能填入文章中相应空白处的最佳答案。(10分)

An 8-year-old child heard her parents talking about her little brother Andrew. All she knew was that he was very 56 and they had no money. Only a very expensive operation(手术)could 57 him.

One morning, the girl heard her father say to her mother, “Only a miracle(奇迹) can save Andrew now.” The girl went to her bedroom, collected all of her money and counted it 58. She hurried to a drugstore.

“How can I help you?” asked the salesman.

“I want to buy a miracle,” the girl answered. “My brother has something 59 growing inside his head. My daddy says only a miracle can save him. So how much does a miracle 60?”

“We don’t sell miracles here, my dear. I’m so sorry,” the salesman said 61.

“What kind of a miracle does your brother need?” asked a well?dressed man standing nearby.

“I don’t know,” she answered. “He’s really sick and needs an operation in his head. So I 62 all my money.”

“63 do you have?” asked the man.

“$1.11,” she answered, “but I can try and get some more.” She said again and again.

“Well, what luck,” said the man. “$1.11 is the 64 of a miracle. Let’s go to see your brother.”

That man was Dr. Carlton Armstrong, a famous brain doctor. The operation was 65 and it wasn’t long before Andrew was well again. Sometimes miracles do happen.

( )56.A.happy B.sick C.strong D.funny

( )57.A.save B.take C.make D.use

( )58.A.carefully B.early C.really D.hardly

( )59.A.nice B.clean C.bad D.beautiful

( )60.A.spend B.take C.pay D.cost

( )61.A.happily B.wisely C.sadly D.easily

( )62.A.took B.brought C.put D.sent

( )63.A.How many B.How much

C.How long D.How often

( )64.A.price B.power C.paper D.prize

( )65.A.important B.expensive

C.difficult D.successful

Ⅴ.补全对话阅读对话,从每题A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出一个最佳答案完成对话。(5分)

A: You look worried, Paul.

B: Oh, Mr. Brown. 66

A: You said you liked English. What’s the problem?

B: I can’t get the pronunciation right.

A: Well, listening can help. 67 You can listen to them at home and repeat the sentences that are difficult for you.

B: 68 But what about all the new words?I can’t remember them.

A: You can always write the new words in your notebook and study them at home. You can even study on the bus on the way to school.

B: That might really help!Thanks.

A: Can you understand when people talk to you?

B: 69 Sometimes I just don’t understand what people are saying.

A: Why don’t you join an English language club to practice speaking English?

B: Maybe I’ll go. I have one more problem. 70

A: Maybe you should find a pen pal.

B: That sounds an interesting idea to practice writing. Thanks, Mr. Brown.

( )66.A.I have a headache.

B.I have trouble learning math.

C.I’m having trouble learning English.

D.I didn’t do well in my test.

( )67.A.Why not read aloud?

B.Why don’t you borrow the teachers’ tapes?

C.What about doing more writing?

D.You’d better practice more.

( )68.A.I can.

B.I can’t do that.

C.That’s a good idea.

D.I don’t know how.

( )69.A.Yes, I can.

B.No, not always.

C.I can understand them.

D.I can’t understand them.

( )70.A.I don’t get much writing practice.

B.I don’t get much reading practice.

C.I don’t know how to spell the words.

D.I don’t know how to read books.

Ⅵ.阅读理解阅读下列短文,从每题A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出一个能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。(15分)

My name is Sam. I joined a club called “passing help” last month. Now let me tell you why I joined it.

One evening this May, on my way home my old car broke down(出故障). It was 25 miles from my home. I wanted to get a ride, but there was no car. I also wanted to take a taxi. But it was also hard to take a taxi. I decided to take a bus home. I went to a bus stop nearby.

After a while, a bus came, but it did not go to my town. The bus driver was a young woman. She was kind and she told me which bus I should take. I waited there for about thirty minutes, but no bus came. At last a car came to me and a woman came out of the car. She was just the bus driver.

“When I reached the bus station, I got to know that the bus to your town couldn’t come, so I returned here. I just can’t leave you here,” she said, “Get in my car and I will take you back to your home.”

“It is a long way.” I said.

“Come on, sir,” she said, “Let’s go.”

On the way she told me a story. A few days ago, there wasn’t gas(汽油) in her car. An old man drove her up to a gas station and then back to her car.

When we got to my home, I wanted to give her some money to thank her, but she didn’t accept. “I only want to help others and do something nice for somebody. Pass it along.” She said.

( )71.What happened to Sam one evening this May?

A.He lost his way.

B.His car broke down.

C.He was hurt in an accident.

D.He couldn’t reach the gas station.

( )72.Sam didn’t think of going home that evening.

A.by train B.by bus C.by car D.by taxi

( )73.From the passage, we know that the young woman was .

A.a club boss B.a taxi driver

C.a bus driver D.a gas station worker

( )74.The young woman wanted Sam to .

A.give her some money B.get on her bus

C.take her to her house D.help others just as she did

( )75.The best title(题目) of the passage is .

A.A kind old man B.Getting a ride

C.Passing help D.A broken car

Everybody is afraid of something.

Tommy, 11, is afraid of the dark. Rachel, 11, is most afraid of the big jellyfish(水母) in Australia. Morgan, 9, wishes she would stop being afraid to ride a bike on busy streets.

What’s fear? Fear is a feeling that everyone has, and that’s a good thing because fear is there to protect us. When the fear comes, it means we may meet something dangerous.

For the fear of dark, a kid could have much imagination. What’s under my bed? Is there someone breaking into my house? With the help of a parent, kids can get more comfortable in the dark. Using a night light to see that there’s nothing there can also help fight that fear.

For other fears, we needn’t fight. If you’re afraid to ride your bike on a busy street, you’re right! You should be afraid because it’s dangerous. There’s no need to fight a fear like that. Find a better place to ride.

It’s also OK for Rachel to be afraid of the big jellyfish because it’s truly dangerous. But it lives only in some waters. So when she’s not swimming in one of them, there should be no worries about the big jellyfish.

Here is some advice about fighting fears from kids.

Monique, 10, says when you’re scared, just think about happy times. Eight?year?old Jessica finds that taking a deep breath helps when you’re scared. Amanda, 10, thinks kids should talk with a parent. Dustin, 11, likes to talk with a group of friends.

( )76.What is Rachel afraid?

A.Dark.

B.The big jellyfish.

C.Talking with others.

D.Ridding a bike on busy streets.

( )77.In Paragraph 4, the writer gives ________ way(s) of helping kids fight the fear of dark.

A.one B.two C.three D.four

( )78.If you’re afraid to ride your bike on busy street, you should________ .

A.find a better place to ride

B.practicing riding a bike hard

C.ask someone to ride with you

D.take a deep breath before riding

( )79.According to the writer, ________ needs to fight his/her fear.

A.Tommy B.Rachel C.Morgan D.Dustin

( )80.What’s Monique’s advice about fighting fear?

A.Talking with friends.

B.Taking a deep breath.

C.Talking with a parent.

D.Thinking about happy times.

A smart diet, a healthy life

No matter how old your kids are, you can take steps to improve a healthy diet and to encourage good eating habits.

Tip One: Family Meals

Family meals are nice for both parents and kids. Children like to guess what they are going to have and parents get the chance to introduce new foods to children. Parents can also use the mealtime as a chance to talk with their kids about their life.

Tip Two: Healthy Snacks(零食)

Kids, especially younger ones, will eat mostly what can get at home. That’s why it’s important to have enough healthy snacks, such as fruits, vegetables, nuts, yogurt and whole?grain biscuits.

Tip Three: Being a Good Example

The best way for you to encourage healthy eating is to eat well yourself. Kids will follow the lead of the adults they see every day. By eating fruits and vegetables and avoiding fast food and sweet drinks, you are sending the right message.

Tip Four: No Shouts about Food

Parents might find themselves shouting at children to get them to have healthy foods in front of them. This in fact can make children dislike what they are asked to eat. You need to work a bit on different cooking methods(方式，方法).

Tip Five: Get Kids Included(参与)

Most kids will enjoy making the decision about food. Talk to them about making choices and planning a healthy meal. It can help them to make good decisions on their own about the foods they want to eat.

( )81.What is the author’s attitude(态度) toward snacks?

A.Snacks shouldn’t be eaten.

B.Healthy snacks can be accepted.

C.Kids can only have snacks at home.

D.It’s not necessary to have snacks at home.

( )82.The best way for parents to encourage a healthy diet is ________.

A.to have family meals B.to eat healthy snacks

C.to be a good example D.to get kids included

( )83.What does the underlined phrase “the right message” mean?

A.Being a good cook. B.Healthy eating.

C.Eating fast food. D.Cooking at home.

( )84.According to Tip Four, what should parents do if kids refuse to eat healthy food?

A.Explain how healthy it is.

B.Try cooking it in a different way.

C.Never cook the same food.

D.Ask kids to get used to its taste.

( )85.Why should parents get kids included when they make the decision about food?

A.To let kids eat anything they like.

B.To help kids become a wonderful cook.

C.To help kids make good choices by themselves.

D.To set a good example of eating healthy food.

第Ⅱ卷(非选择题共35分)

Ⅶ.选词填空(10分)

A.阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的单词填空(每词限用一次)。

Lisa got a letter. It was (86)________ her friend, Wanda. Wanda’s home is (87)________ away and near the sea. She wanted Lisa to come to her house. Lisa’s (88)________ said she could go.

Lisa (89)________ a train to Wanda’s house. They were (90) ________to see each other. The girls went to the beach, saw movies, and played many games. They had a lot of fun and enjoyed themselves.

B.阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的动词,并用其适当形式填空。有的需要加助动词或不定式符号(每词限用一次)。

Do you know Liu Wei? The armless pianist (91)________ quite famous in the past few years.

Liu Wei lost both his arms in an accident when he was ten. Two years later, he (92)________ to Beijing’s disabled swimming team and learned to swim. But soon the doctor told him not (93)________ too much sport. At the age of 19, he (94)________ to learn to play the piano with his feet. He learned it all by himself. He kept practicing for seven hours every day. In , he became the winner of China’s Got Talent Final.

Liu Wei often (95)________, “Music is like water and air to me. I can’t live without music. I will always follow my dream.”

Ⅷ.改写句子按括号中的.要求完成句子，每个空格填一个单词。(5分)

96.They have to get up early every day.(改为一般疑问句)

________ ________have to get up early every day?

97.These black shoes are sixty dollars.(就句子画线部分提问)

________ ________ are these black shoes?

98.“When are you going to Australia?” Mary asked her father.(改写句子，句意不变)

Mary asked her father ________ he ________ going to Australia.

99.This makes me think of what we did during the holidays.(改写句子，句意不变)

This ________ me ________ what we did during the holidays.

100.That village school doesn’t teach any foreign languages.(改写句子，句意不变)

Foreign languages ________ ________ in that village school.

Ⅸ.完成句子根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每个空格填一个单词。(5分)

101.谢谢你告诉我这个好消息。

________ ________telling me the good news.

102.尼泊尔地震后，无家可归的人们只好搭起帐篷，露宿街头。

After the earthquake in Nepal, the homeless people had to ________ ________ tents and live on the street.

103.济南人民正期盼着地铁R1线的开工建设。

The people in Jinan are ________ ________ to building Subway line R1.

104.孙楠在《我是歌手》中意外退赛，使人们对汪涵的睿智表现点赞。

In I am a singer, Sun Nan was out of race by________ , which made people admire Wang Han’s wise________ .

105.父母和孩子应该有更多的时间进行适当的交流，而不是整天各忙各的。

Parents and children should have more time for proper ________ ________ of being busy alone every day.

Ⅹ.任务型阅读阅读短文,按要求完成各题。(5分)

(2015?济南槐荫区三模)

The Internet has become not only a necessary but also a virtual(虚拟的) world for people. With the development of the Internet, Internet friendship has also become very popular. Online friends are those people who have known each other through the Internet. Making Internet friends is the same as making pen friends. Many famous websites offer quite warm Internet friendship. We can find many people on these websites and they share the same interests. It is difficult to make friends with someone you can’t see or feel. That is the main problem of Internet friendship. A virtual friendship would not last forever without seeing each other, but it is an advantage for some people because they are afraid to speak in pubic.

On the other hand, the chances of cheating are very high in an Internet friendship. Some people make friends on the Internet with wrong intentions(企图). So while making friends over the Internet, one has to be very careful. Here are some suggestions for you.

?Don’t give personal information, such as your telephone number, address, location, school name as well as your parents’ information, to strangers on the Internet.

?Do not exchange personal photos of you or any family member with people you meet over the Internet.

?Do not go to meet a person you have just met over the Internet. You’d better ask older or other experienced people for advice if you want to go to meet an Internet friend.

?Do not accept someone’s request if you feel he or she is dishonest.

106.根据短文内容回答问题(限5个词以内)。

What do we call people who get to know each other through the Internet?

____________________________________________________________

107.根据短文内容回答问题(限15个词以内)。

What is the main problem of Internet friendship?

____________________________________________________________

108.根据短文内容回答问题(限10个词以内)。

Why is the virtual friendship an advantage for some people?

____________________________________________________________

109.把短文中画底线的句子译成汉语。

___________________________________________________________

110.根据短文内容用一个完整的英文句子回答问题(限15个词以内)。

What is this article mainly about?

____________________________________________________________

篇17：中考英语知识点总结2023

一.英语语法重点与难点

1、as…as…结构：你和汤姆是一样好的孩子。

You’re a boy as good as Tom.=You’re as good a boy as Tom.

2、(1)too…to与 so…that sb. can’t…的句型转换：前者为简单句，主语只有一个，而后者为复合句，主语有两个，试比较：

The man was too angry to be able to speak.

The man was so angry that he wasn’t able to speak.

(2) too…to…与 not enough to句型的转换：

He is too young to get married.=He is not old enough to get married.

The book is too difficult for me to read.=

The book is not easy enough for me to read.

3、形容词原级表示比较级含义：

约翰不象迈克那么苯。

John is not so stupid as Mike.

John is less stupid than Mike.

John is cleverer than Mike.

4、用比较级表示最高级：约翰是班里最高的男生。

John is taller than any other boy in the class.

John is the tallest boy in the class.

5、the more….. the more….表示“越……越……”:

The more books you read, the wider your knowledge is.

The more food you eat, the fatter you are.

6、more and more….表示“越来……越……”:

More and more students realized the importance of a foreign language.

Our country is getting stronger and stronger.

二.中考考点—词组

1. after, in 这两个介词都可以表示“……(时间)以后”的意思

after 以过去为起点,表示过去一段时间之后,常用于过去时态的句子中?

如:She went after three days. 她是三天以后走的

in 以现在为起点,表将来一段时间以后,常用于将来时态的句子中

如:She will go in three days. 她三天以后要走

2. how long, how often, how soon

how long指多长时间,主要用来对一段时间(如three days, four weeks 等)提问?如:How long ago was it? 这是多久前的事了?

how often指每隔多久,主要用来对频率副词或状语(如once a week等)提问?如:—How often does he come here? —Once a month. 他(每隔)多久来一次?每月一次。

how soon指再过多久,主要用来对表示将来的一段时间(in an hour, in two weeks 等)提问?如:How soon can you come? 你多快能赶来?

3. few, a few, little, a little, several, some

few 和little的意思是否定的,表示“很少”或“几乎没有”;而a few和a little的意思是肯定的,表示“有一些,有一点儿”

few 和 a few修饰可数名词;little 和 a little 修饰不可数名词

several用于修饰可数名词,语意比a few和some更肯定,含有“好几个”的意思

some可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词,从数量上说,它有时相当于a few 或 a little,有时指更多一些的数量

4. the other, another

the other 指两个人或事物中的“另一个”,表示特指?如:We stood on one side of the road and they stood on the other. 我们站在街这边,他们站在那边

another着重于不定数目中的“另外一个”,表示泛指,所以常用来指至少三个中的一个?如:She has taken another of my books. 她已经拿了我的另外一本书

5. spend, take, cost, pay

spend的宾语通常是时间?金钱?在主动语态中,句子的主语必须是人,而且后面不能用动词不定式做它的宾语?如:She spent the whole evening in reading. 她把整个晚上用来读书

take常常用来指“花费”时间,句子的主语通常是表示事物的词语?如:How long will this job take you?你做这项工作要花多长时间?

cost 指花费时间?金钱或力气等,只能用表示事物的词做主语,并且不能用于被动语态?如:How much does the jacket cost?这件夹克多少钱?

pay 主要指主语(某人)买某物(或为某事)付多少钱(给某人)?如:I pay for my rooms by month. 我按月支付租金

6. among, between

between 的意思是“在……中间,在……之间”,一般指在两者之间?如:There is a table between two windows. 在两扇窗户之间有一张桌子。between 有时也表示在多于两个以上的事物之间,但那是指在每二者之间。如:the relationship between different provinces and municiplities 省市和省市之间的关系(这里是指每两个省市之间的相互关系?)

7. beat, win

这两个词都有“获胜,打败”的意思,但其后宾语不同?beat是“打败,优于”的意思,后面接人或队?如:We beat them. 我们打败了他们。

win指“赢,获胜”,后面接比赛?名次?如:We won the match/game/race/the first place. 我们赢了这场比赛(获得了第一名)。

8. agree with, agree on, agree to

agree on表示“就……取得一致意见”?如:We all agree on (making) an early start. 我们一致同意及早出发?

agree with表示“与……意见一致”,后面既可以跟表示人的名词或人称代词,也可以跟表示意见。看法的名词或what引导的从句?。如:I agree with you without reservation.我毫无保留地同意你的意见。We agree with what you said just now.我们同意你刚才所说的意见。

agree to后面不能接人,只能接“提议,计划,方案”等词句?如:I agree to the terms proposed. 我同意拟议的条件。

9. bring, take, carry,fetch

这四个词都是动词,都含有“带”或“拿”的意思,但使用的场合各不相同。

bring作“带来,拿来”解?如:Next time don’t forget to bring me a copy of your work. 下次不要忘了把一份你的作品带给我。

take是bring的对语,作“带去,拿去”解?如:Take the box away, please. 请把盒子拿走。

carry表示“运载,携带”之意,运送的方式很多,可以用车、船,也可以用手甚至用头。如:This bus is licensed to carry 100 passengers. 这辆巴士准载一百人。

fetch则表示“去拿来”的意思。如:Please fetch me the documents in that room. 请到那间房间去把文件拿来给我。

10. each, every

两词都是“每个”的意思,但着重点不同。each着重个别的情况,every着重全体,有“所有的”的意思。如:She knows each student of the class.她认识这个班里的每一个学生。She knows every student of the class.她认识这个班所有的学生。

11. no one, none

no one指“没有人(只能指人,不能用来指物)”,意思与nobody相同,作主语时不必跟of连用,如:No one believes him since he is not honest. 没有人相信他,因为他不诚实。No one else but I went. 除我以外,谁也没去。

none指“一个也没有(既可指人,也可指物)”,作主语时代替不可数名词,谓语动词用单数形式;代替可数名词,谓语动词用单、复数都可以。但在“主+系+表”结构中,如果表语为复数,则系动词要用复数形式。如:None of us are(is) afraid of difficulties. 我们谁也不怕困难。

12. go on doing, go on to do, go on with

这三个动词短语都有“继续做某事”的意思,其区别如下:go on doing表示“继续做,一直在做某事(中间无间断)”;go on to do表示“接着做某事”,即某事已做完,接着做另一件事;go on with也表示“继续做某事”,其含义是某一动作一度中止后,又继续下去。

13. too much, much too

二者都有“太,非常”之意,much too为副词词组,修饰形容词?副词,不可修饰动词。如:It’s much too cold.天气实在是太冷了。

too much作“太多”讲,有以下三种用法?

(1)作名词词组如:You have given us too much. 你给我们的太多了。

(2)作形容词词组修饰不可数名词如:Don’t drink too

much wine. 不要饮太多的酒

(3)作副词词组修饰不及物动词如:She talks too much. 她说话太多

14. happen, take place与occur

happen有“偶然”的意思,多用于客观事物?情况的发生?。如:Whatever has happened to your arm? It’s all swollen. 你的手臂怎么了?肿得好历害!

occur 指有计划地使某些事“发生”，有时强调“呈现”于人的知觉中。如:Did it occur to you to phone them about it?你难道没想到就这事给他们打个电话?

事件作主语时,happen和occur可以通用?如:The accident happened/occurred yesterday. 事故是昨天发生的。

take place 指事件发生,但常用来表示“举行”的意思,带有非偶然性?例如:The meeting took place last night.会议昨晚举行。

15. in front of, in the front of

in front of的意思是“在……前面”。如:There is a tree in front of the house.房子前面有一棵树。

in the front of的意思是“在……前部”,指在某个空间范围内的前面。如:There is a blackboard in the front of the classroom. 教室里前部有一块黑板

16. noise, voice, sound

这三个词都作“声音”解,在表示“听到声音”这个意思时,三者可以通用，但它们又各有特定的含义。

sound 作“声音”解,含义最广,指可以听到的任何声音,如:a weak sound 微弱的声

noise作“噪音,嘈杂声,吵闹声”解,指不悦耳,不和谐的声音，它既可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词。如:Another kind of pollution is noise. 另外一种污染是噪音。

voice 作“声音”解时,多指人发出的声音,包括说话声、歌声和笑声。如:He shouted at the top of voice. 他高声呼喊。有时也用于引申意义,作“意见、发言权”解。如:I have no voice in the matter. 对于这件事,我没有发言权。

17. arrive, get, reach

三者均可表示“到达”,arrive后通常接介词at(一般用于较小的地方)或 in(一般用于较大的地方)?如:We arrived at the station five minutes late. 我们晚了5分钟到车站?又如:They will arrive in Paris next Monday. 他们将于下周星期一到达巴黎?

get之后通常接介词to。如:When we got to the park, it began to rain. 我们到达公园时,就开始下雨了。

reach是及物动词(较 get更正式),其后可直接跟地点名词做宾语(不能用介词)。如:He reached Beijing yesterday. 他昨天到达北京。

三.情态动词

1.考查情态动词表示“推测”的用法

[考点快忆] 表示肯定推测的情态动词有：must“一定;准是”，may“也许;可能”，might“或许”;表示否定推测的情态动词有：can't“不可能”， couldn't“不会”，may not“也许不”，might not“或许不”;can表示推测时不用于肯定句，may表示推测时不用于疑问句。

2.考查情态动词引起的一般疑问句的答语

[考点快忆] 回答must时，肯定答语用must,否定答语用needn't或don't have to。回答need时，肯定答语用must,否定答语用needn't。回答may时，肯定答语用may，否定答语用mustn't 或can't。

3.考查情态动词的意义

[考点快忆] must “必须”;have to“不得不”;need “必须;需要”;can(could)“能;可能”;may (might) “可以;可能”;shall，will (would)“将;会;愿意;要”;should“应当”。

“had better (not) + 动词原形”表示建议;have to / has to / had to的否定，疑问形式要借助于助动词do / does / did。

四. There be 的句子结构

There be是一个“存在”句型，表示“有”的意思，

肯定句的形式为：There be + 名词(单数或复数)+地点状语或时间状语。

be动词单复数的确定，看be后边第一个名词，当所接主语为单数或不可数名词时，be动词形式为is;当所接主语为复数名词时，be动词为are;当be动词后接两个以上主语时，be动词与最临近主语保持数上的一致。意思为“某地有某人或某物”。如：

There is an eraser and two pens on the desk. 桌子上有一块橡皮和两支钢笔。

There are two pens and an eraser on the desk. 桌上有两支钢笔和一块橡皮。

(1)there be的否定句，即在be的后面加上not。

否定形式为：There be + not + (any) + 名词+地点状语。

There is not any cat in the room. 房间里没猫。

There aren't any books on the desk. 桌子上没书。

(2)there be句型的疑问句就是将be提到句首：Be there + (any) +名词+地点状语

肯定回答：Yes, there is / are. 否定回答：No, there isn't / aren't.

-Is there a dog in the picture?画上有一只狗吗

-Yes, there is. 有。

-Are there any boats in the river?河里有船吗

-No, there aren't. 没有。

(3)特殊疑问句：How many . . . are there (+地点状语)

某地有多少人或物回答用There be . . .

There's one. / There are two / three / some . . .

有时直接就用数字来回答。One. / Two . . .

-How many students are there in the classroom?教室里有多少学生

-There's only one. / There are nine. 只有一个。/有九个。

(4)如果名词是不可数名词，用：How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 地点状语

How much water is there in the cup?杯中有多少水

五. 对定语从句的考查

一.定语从句的功用和结构

在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定从句修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词。例如：

This is the present that he gave me for my birthday

二.关系代词和关系副词的功用

关系代词和关系副词用来引导定于从句，在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，使二者联系起来。关系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充当一个成分。关系待客做主语，宾语，定语，关系副词可作状语。

1. 作主语：关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数须和先行词一致。例如：

I don’t like people who talk much but do little.

The cars which are produced in Hubei Province sell very well.

2. 作宾语：She is the person that I met at the school gate yesterday.

The book that my grandmother gave me is called “The Great Escape”.

3. 作定语

关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语用。例如：

What’s the name of the young man whose sister is a doctor?

The girl whose father is a teacher studies very hard.

4. 作状语

I’ll never forget the day when I first came to Beijing.

三. 各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法

1. who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。例如：

The person who broke the window must pay for it.

The boy who is wearing the black jacket is very clever.

2. whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语。例如：

Do you know the young man (whom) we met at the gate?

Mr Lee (whom) you want to see has come.

3. whose 指人，在定语从句中作定语。例如：

The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today.

I know the boy whose father is a professor.

4. which指物，在定语从中作主语或宾语。例如：

A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words.

Here is the book (which) the teacher mentioned yesterday.

5. that多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。例如：

I’ve read the newspaper that(which) carries the important news.

Who is the person that is reading the newspaper over there?

6. when 指时间，在定语从句中作状语。例如：

I’ll never forget the time when we worked on the farm.

He arrived in Beijing on the day when I left.

7. where 指地点，在定语从句中作状语。例如：

This is the house where we lived last year.

The factory where his father works is in the east of the city.

四. 关系代词 whom， which 在定语从句中作介词宾语时，可以和介词一起放于先行词与定语从句之间，有时为了关系紧凑也可以将 whom 与 which 与先行词紧挨着书写，而将介词置于定语从句的后面，如：

That was the room in which we had lived for ten years. = That was the room

which we had lived in for ten years.

五. 具体使用时还要注意下列问题：

1. 只能使用that,不用which 的情况：

(1) 先行词是all, few, little, nothing, everything, anything 等不定代词时。例如：

All that he said is true.

(2) 先行词被only, no, any, all,等词修饰时。例如：

He is the only foreigner that has been to that place.

(3) 先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词。例如：

He was the second (person) that told me the secret.

(4) 先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词。

This is the best book (that) I have read this year.

(5) 先行词既包括人又包括物时。例如：

He talked about the people and the things he remembered.

2. 只能用which，不用that 的情况：

(1) 在非限制性定语从中。例如：

The meeting was put off, which was exactly what we wanted.

(2) 定语从句由介词+关系代词引导，先行词是物时。例如：

The thing about which he is talking is of great importance.

考查的主要形式是单项填空、完型填空、短文填空和完成句子。阅读理解和书面表达肯定也要用到定语从句。

中考英语阅读理解答题技巧

1解题思路

(一)先读问题，弄清考查要点，以便能带着问题看文章，这样会心中有数，有的放矢。

(二)快速浏览全文，掌握全貌，注意发现与问题有关的信息，如果时间紧，至少要扫视一下起首段和尾段。再把标题和文章内容结合起来想一想，这样全文大意便清楚了。此时，不要忙于答题。

(三)细读原文，捕捉相关信息词，掌握短文细节内容。

2有趣味的记叙文，是学生最喜欢读的

我们要选择题材广泛、篇幅短小、知识充实、内容新颖的阅读材料。同时，在阅读材料的选择上，有目的地进行。要选择一些饶有趣味的篇章，以引起学生的阅读兴致。据调查，学生最喜欢阅读的是有故事情节的记叙文，有趣味才能保持学习的劲头，在选择的内容上要涉及日常生活方方面面的知识，这样才能扩展知识，了解文化，开阔视野。

3带着问题去读

带着问题读短文时，对短文中出现的那些与问题有关的词句，你可以用一支铅笔在短文中作些记号，以便为下一步选择作好准备，但也要注意不要每读到一个与问题有关的信息点就停下来去对照后面的问题，因为这样转来转去要耽误一些时间，另一方面有些问题往往要通过对短文的全面了解才能作出结论，而不能仅仅从一、二个信息点作出判断。

4要提高视读的速度

考阅读理解，从另一个方面来说，考的是考试速度，慢读是不行的。因此做阅读理解时，要注意培养自己快速阅读的习惯。阅读时眼球总是不断地移动——停顿——移动着。理解是在“眼停”的瞬间进行的。我们要使眼停的时间相对增加，就要扩大视读的广度，把逐词逐句的点式阅读变成一次扫描一句的线式阅读，并且把看到的东西迅速报告给大脑，形成眼脑较快的直映能力。切不可在个别难懂的词句上磨蹭，只要全篇理解了，个别难懂的词句可以根据上下文和构词法去猜测，去推断。

中考英语完形填空答题技巧介绍

11、快速通读全文，掌握短文大意

快速掌握文中的时间、地点、人物及事件。认真阅读短文开头的第一、二句，及每段的第一句，结合选项初步弄清短文写了些什么内容。准确地预测和推断短文的主要意义。

22、抓住结构、语意及逻辑三条线索，推断和预测选项

利用上下文的提示，用学过的知识和已有的生活经验，扫清部分词汇理解上的障碍。在理解

全文意思的基础上，结合文章内容对空缺句子作合乎逻辑的推理。必须弄清空缺词句的确切含义，空缺词句与其前后句的意义衔接必须自然、合理，不可出现意义断层或说东道西的情况，必须从空缺句的内部结构入手，从语法、词语固定搭配、词形变化等角度考虑，务必使所填的单词准确无误。根据词的意义和用法进行选择，重复考虑语境。上下文找线索，上下文找提示。完形填空的文章都是一个意义相关联的语篇，它围绕一个话题论述，在行文中词语重复、替代等现象是不可避免的。根据这个原则，某个空格所对应的答案很可能就在上下文中重复出现的相关词。所以，可以根据这些词之间的有机联系确定答案。

33、要特别注意语法，如单词的各种形式的变化，种类句型的结构等

单词的变化

a。名词的选择，应联系文章主题及空格前后出现的有关词，注意其性和数的一致。

b。动词的选用，要注意词义和惯用搭配，还要区分近义词之间的用法差异及所给词的形式。

c。选择介词，应注意其惯用法，特别是与动词或其他词组成的固定搭配。

d。选择代词，要注意性、数是否准确。

e。选择连词，要注意分析前后句或上下文的逻辑关系。

f。选择形容词和副词，要注意词义的区别，用于比较时，还要注意词形变化。

要注意句法题，搞清句子的种类、类型、省略和倒装

a。句子的种类包括陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。一般以考查疑问句、感叹句的词序为多见，其次是祈使句的零时态等。

b。句子的类型有简单句、并列句、复合句和并列复合句。中考考查要点是在复合句里的状语从句、宾语从句和直接/间接引语，也考查简单的定语从句。

另外还要注意固定词组、习惯用语、固定句型的积累、同义词的辨析、生活常识的运用以及中西方文化的差异。

在选择答案时，可以用择优法和排除法和例举对比法

a。择优法是把各选项代入短文中，选出在词义上符合要求，且在语法上又没有语病的答案。

b。排除法是在代入选项时如发现选项单词意义不对，或词与词搭配不妥，或存在语法错误，或与上下文有矛盾，则迅速排除不合适的选项，剩下的就是正确答案。

在完形填空的多项选择中，常常会遇到难以选择的题目。需要调动头脑里的知识“储备”，例举熟知的语言现象与之相比较，再做出明智的选择。

学好初中英语的方法和技巧

1、要有学习初中英语的态度

学霸是如何学好初中英语的呢?关键是要对初中英语这门学科产生兴趣，初中英语其实是一门非常好玩的学科，因为英语本身就是一门有意思的语言，那么如果初中生想要学好英语，就要在心理认可英语。

另外，初中生在学习的时候也单单是学习，还要有一个为之奋斗的目标，比如说学霸在学习初中英语的时候会将出国留学或者考一个好的大学作为目标，那么你在学习的时候也可以这样给自己定一个小目标，可以是这次英语考试要打多少分。

2、语法基础要打好

初中英语是为同学们以后英语的学习打基础的，上面已经提到了，单词是作为最为基础的存在。而语法同样也是初中英语之中的基础。初中英语的语法学好了，同学们日后英语的学习就会十分轻松。而且初中英语之中，同学们学习较多的就是词法，而不是句法，因为词法是英语之中较为简单的，有些同学是才刚刚接触英语不久，而中考是面对大多数的同学的，所以中考的考察的重点就是词法。而同学们所涉及到的句法都是较为简单的。

3、多做习题

书本上的知识掌握了，最重要的就是实践了。建议初中生向自己的老师咨询下，买些英语练习册，或者订阅英语报，上面的题目都很接近考试的，当初中生题目做多了，初中生就会发现其实考试中的许多题目都似曾相识，便可处变不惊。当然，一味的做题是不够的，当初中生有错题时，推荐大家准备一个错题集并记录下来，然后经常回顾，这样可以避免再犯相同的错误。遇到不会的向老师同学询问，与同学讨论亦是不错的选择，有助于加深印象。

4、重视听力和口语的练习

英语学习的最终目的是为了交流，因此在初中英语学习阶段一定要懂得开口表达。听力要达到每日一小时的练习量，方式为精听泛听相结合。而口语的练习可以借助一些口语练习软件以及固定搭档的方式，每日练习最新话题或日常生活话题，把口语和听力当做是英语学习的关键知识点。

5、扫除盲点

所谓盲点就是英语中掌握不透彻的知识，是提高成绩的绊脚石。大家对自己的盲点一定要有一个清醒的认识。建议初三一开始，就全面梳理初一初二所学知识，找出自己的知识盲点，清楚了自己的知识盲点之后，将这些盲点集合起来，继续反复扫盲，直到盲点变少、消失。

初中英语答题技巧

1、中考英语听力题，同学们要充分运用手里发的听力材料，重复听，听的过程中做做速记。捕捉的信息精确，才能答题准确。

2、单项选择题内容触及语法、词汇、惯用法、句型、口语功能等方面。此题灵敏，牵扯面广，但多数标题源于讲义或化于讲义。答题时要留意吃透语境、掌握题干的全部信息;牢记“语不离句，句不离文，语法不离语境”。用排除法选出答案。

3、语句翻译考察考生对词义的了解、词汇的拼写、词性的挑选和运用，以及固定搭配、语句的类型结构、语句的时态等方面的才能。

篇18：中考英语知识点总结完整版免费

一般现在时的用法

1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。

时间状语： every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday I leave home for school at 7 every morning.

2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。

The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China.

3) 表示格言或警句中。

Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。例：Columbus proved that the earth is round..

4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。

I don’t want so much. Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well. 比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup. I am doing my homework now. 第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。

再如：Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。

一般过去时的用法

1)在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。

时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。Where did you go just now?

2)表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。

When I was a child, I often played football in the street. Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.

3)句型：

It is time for sb. to do sth “到……时间了” “该……了” It is time sb. did sth. “时间已迟了” “早该……了” It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。It is time you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了。would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示’宁愿某人做某事’ I’d rather you came tomorrow.

4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等。

I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。

比较：一般过去时&一般现在时

一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。

Christine was an invalid all her life. (含义：她已不在人间。) Christine has been an invalid all her life. (含义：她现在还活着) Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. (含义：达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。) Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years. ( 含义：现在还住在肯塔基州，有可能指刚离去)

注意：用过去时表示现在，表示委婉语气。

1)动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。Did you want anything else? I wondered if you could help me.

2)情态动词 could, would. Could you lend me your bike?

3). used to / be used to used to + do：“过去常常”表示过去习惯性的动作或状态，但如今已不存在。

Mother used not to be so forgetful. Scarf used to take a walk. (过去常常散步)

be used to + doing：对……已感到习惯，或“习惯于”，to是介词，后需加名词或动名词。

He is used to a vegetarian diet. Scarf is used to taking a walk.(现在习惯于散步)

典型例题 ---- Your phone number again? I ___ quite catch it. ---- It’s 69568442. A. didn’t B. couldn’t C. don’t D. can’t 答案A. 本句虽没有明确的时间状语，但从语意上看出，在听的时候没有听懂这个动作发生在过去，因此应用过去时。

一般现在时的用法

1) shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。

will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在争求意见时常用于第二人称。Which paragraph shall I read first. Will you be at home at seven this evening?

2) be going to +不定式，表示将来。

a. 主语的意图，即将做某事。What are you going to do tomorrow?b. 计划，安排要发生的事。The play is going to be produced next month。c. 有迹象要发生的事 Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm.

3) be +不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。

We are to discuss the report next Saturday.

4) be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事。

He is about to leave for Beijing. 注意：be about to 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。

5. be going to / will 用于条件句时， be going to 表将来 will 表意愿。

If you are going to make a journey, you’d better get ready for it a s soon as possible. Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror.

6. be to和be going to be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事。

be going to 表示主观的打算或计划。I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. (客观安排) I’m going to play football tomorrow afternoon. (主观安排)

一般现在时表将来

1)下列动词：come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时表将来。这主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。

The train leaves at orrow morning. When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes.

2)倒装句，表示动作正在进行。

如：Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing.

3)在时间或条件句中。

him to wait for me. I’ll write to you as soon as I arrive there.

4)在动词hope, take care that, make sure that等后。

I hope they have a nice time next week. Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room.

用于现在完成时的句型

1)It is the first / second time…. thty. It was the third time that the boy had been late.

2)This is the… that…结构，that 从句要用现在完成时.

This is the best film that I’ve (ever) seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。 This is the first time (that) I’ve heard him sing. 这是我第一次听他唱歌。

典型例题---

(1) ---Do you know our town at all? ---No, this is the first time I ___ hming

答案B. This is the first time 后面所加应为现在完成时，故选B。

(2) ---Have you ____ been to our town before? ---No, it’s the first time I ___ here. A. even, come B. even, have come C. ever, come D. ever, have come

答案D. ever意为曾经或无论何时，反意词为never，此两词常用于完成时。This is the largest fish I have ever seen. It is / was the first time +that-clause 的句型中，从句要用完成时。

注意：非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的状语连用。即动作不发生的状态是可以持续的。 (错)I have received his letter for a month. (对)I haven’t received his letter for almost a month.

比较since 和 for since

用来说明动作起始时间，for用来说明动作延续时间长度。

I have lived here for more than twenty years. I have lived here since I was bornM 1976. I have known Xiao Li since she was a little girl. My brother has been in the Youth League for two years. I have not heard from my uncle for a long time.

注意：并非有for 作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时。I worked here for more than twenty years. (我现在已不在这里工作。) I have worked here for many years. (现在我仍在这里工作。) 小窍门：当现在完成时+一段时间，这一结构中，我们用下面的公式转化，很容易就能排除非延续动词在完成时中的误使。

1) (对) Tom has studied Russian for three years. = Tom began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now.

2) (错) Harry has got married for six years. = Harry began to get married six years ago, and is still getting married now. 显然，第二句不对，它应改为 Harry got married six years ago. 或 Harry has been married for six years.

since的四种用法

1)since +一段时间+ ago I have been here since five months ago.

2) since +从句Great changes have taken place since you left. Considerable time

1)主语句中有一个宾语的被动语态，如：He saw her in the shop yesterday. She was seen in the shop yesterday.

2) 主语有两个宾语的被动语态 Li Lei gave me a chemistry book. I was given a chemistry book by Li Lei. A chemistry book was given to me by Li Lei.

3)主动句中含宾语补足语的句子的被动语态若宾语补足语是不带to 的不定式，变为被动语态时，该不定式前要加“to”。

此类动词为可-->He was seen to play football on the playground. 若宾语补足语是带to的不定式，那么被动语态仍保留to: Mother told me not to be late I was told not to be late环境，构成被动语态。 Coal can be used to produce electricity for agriculture and industry.

4)表示“据说”或“相信” 的词组

believe, consider, declare, expect, feel ,n report, say, see, suppose, think, understand It is said that…

据说 It is reported that… 据报道 It is believed that… 大家相信 It is hoped that… 大家希望 It is well known that… 众所周知 It is thought that… 大家认为 It is suggested that… 据建议 It is taken granted that… 被视为当然 It has been decided that… 大家决定 It must be remember that…

务必记住的是 It is said that she will leave for Wuhan on Tuesday.

延续动词与瞬间动词

1) 用于完成时的区别延续动词表示经验、环境瞬间动词用于否定句，表示“到……，才……”

He didn’t come back until ten o’clock. 他到10 点才回来。He slept until ten o’clock. 他一直睡到10点。

典型例题 ---1. You don’t need to describe her. I ___ her several times. A. had met B. have met C. met D. meet 答案B. 首先本题后句强调对现在的影响，我知道她的模样，你不用描述。再次，several times告知为反复发生的动expect elect endeavor hope fail happen help hesitate learn long mean manage offer ought plan prepare pre胶合板ask, beg, choose, expect , hate, help intend like, love, need prefer, prepare, promise, want, wish… I like to keep everything tidy. 我喜欢每件东西都保持整洁。I like you to keep everything tidy. 我喜欢你年使每件东西都保持整洁。I want to speak to Tom. 我想和汤姆谈话。I want you to speak to Tom. 我想让你和汤姆谈话。

2) 动词+疑问词+ to decide, know, consider forget, learn, remember, show, understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, tell Please show us how to do that. 请演示给我们如何去做。There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can’t make up my mind which to buy.有这么多的录音机，我都拿不定主意买哪一种。注意:疑问词带不定式在句中作成分时，谓语动词用单数。The question is how to put it into practice. 问题是怎样把它付诸实施。

不定式作补语

1) 动词+ eport request require select send state suppose tell think train trust understand urge warn

例句： a. Father will not allow us to play on the street. 父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。 b. We believe him t Find 的特殊用法：Find 后可用分批哦, declare(声称), discover, fancy(设想), feel find, guess, judge, imagine, know, prove, see(理解), show, suppose, take(以为), understand We consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class. 我们认为汤姆是班上最好的学生之一。

典型例题---Charles Babbage is generally considered ___ the first computer. A. to invent B. inventing C. to have invented D. having invented 答案：A. 由consider to do sth. 排除B、D。. 此句只说明发明这一个事实，不定式后用原形即可。而C为现在完成时，发明为点动词一般不用完成时，且此处也不强调对现在的影响，因此不选C。哦-=人们认为这本书没什么意思。

2) there be+不定式 believe, expect, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, want, wish, undrstand We didn’t expect there to be so many people there.我们没料到会有那么多人在哪里。

注意：有些动词需用as 短语做补语，如regard, think believe, take, consider. We regard Tom as our best teacher. 我们认为汤姆是我们最好的老师。Mary took him as her father

3) It’s easy (for me) to do that.我做这事太容易了听到你的声音真高兴。 It’s necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it. 当你不用车的时候，锁车是有必要的。

4) It’s very kind of you to help us. 他帮助我们，他真好。Kind, nice, stupid, rude, clever, foolish, thoughtful, thoughtless, brave, considerate(考虑周到的), silly, selfish(自私的)

例句: It was silly of us to believe him. 我们真愚蠢，竟然相信了他。It seemed selfish of him not to give them anything. 他不给他们任何东西，这显得太自私了。

注意：1) 其他系动词如，look，appear等也可用于此句型 2) 不定式作为句子成分时，动词用单数形式。3) 当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时，不能用It is… to…的句型(对)To see is to believe. 百闻不如一见。(错)It is to believe to see.

5). It’s for sb.和 It’s of sb.

1)for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等：德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。个句子。如果道理上通顺用of，不通则用for。如：You are nice. (通顺，所以应用of)。He is hard. (人是困难的，不通，因此应用for。)2) 祁使句(Ie) 祈使句往往是用来表示说话人的请求、命令、要求、建议，等等。祈使句的主语常被省略，因为这个主语很明确地是听话人“yo-祈使句的谓语用动词原形;它的否定形式是句首用Don't + 动词原形，或是Not to + 动词原形。例如：Be quiet , please ! (大家)请安静。Stand up ! 起立!Don't smoke in the office . 请不要在办公室吸烟。Don't be standing in the rain . 别站在雨里。Not to be careless when you're driving a car . 开车时不要粗心大意。3) 感叹句(Exclamato和ry Sentence)感叹句表示、惊讶等强烈的情绪。这类句子中，有很多是由What或How引起的。What 用来强调名词，How则强调形容词、副词或动词。这类句子的构成只需将所强调或是说，所感叹的对象放到句首;句子无需倒装，句子要用正常语序。当然，如果不用这种句型，而句子(无论)本身又表示了上述的种种情绪，那么该句也就成了感叹句。例如：What a fine day it is today ! 今天天气多好啊!How fine it is today ! 今天天气多好啊!What a lovely son you have !你有个多可爱的儿子啊!How lovely your son is !你的儿子多可爱

介词：in,on,under,behind,near,at,of 1). in表示”在……中“， ”在……内“。例如： in our class 在我们班上 in my bag 在我的书包里 in the desk 在桌子里 in the classroom 在教室里 2). on 表示”在……上“。例如： on the wall 在墙上 on the desk 在桌子上 on the blackboard 在黑板上 3). under表示”在……下“。例如： under the tree 在树下 under the chair 在椅子下 under the bed 在床下 4). behind表示”在……后面“。例如： behind the door 在门后 behind the tree 在树后 5). near表示”在……附近“。例如： near the teacher's desk 在讲桌附近near the bed 在床附近6). at表示”在……处“。例如： at school 在学校 at home 在家 at the door 在门口 7). of 表示”……的“。例如： a picture of our classroom 我们教室的一幅画 a map of China 一张中国地图

some和any

①在肯定句中用some.例如： There are some books on the desk.桌子上有一些书。 Lucy has some good books露西有一些好书。 ②在疑问句和否定句中用any。例如： Is there any ink in your pen?你的钢笔里有墨水吗? Do you have any brothers and sisters?你有兄弟姐妹吗? There isn't any water in the glass.杯子里没有水。 ⑵记住它们的特殊用法。 ①some亦可用于表示盼望得到对方肯定的答复或表示建议、委婉请求的疑问句中.例如： Would you like to have some apples?你想吃苹果吗? ②any也可用于肯定句中，表示”任何的“。例如： Any one of us can do this.我们当中任何一个都能做这个。 some 和any的用法是经常出现的考点，希望大家能准确地掌握它们的用法。 little的用法

a little dog 一只小狗，a little boy 一个小男孩。little常用来修饰有生命的名词。 __但little还可表示否定意义，意为”少的“，加不可数名词。 There is little time. 几乎没时间了。 There is little water in the cup. 杯中水很少。

语法

1. 名词所有格名词如要表示与后面名词的所有关系，通常用名词所有格的形式，意为”……的“。一般有以下几种形式： (1). 一般情况下在词尾加”'s“。例如： Kate's father Kate的爸爸 my mother's friend 我妈妈的朋友 (2). 如果复数名词以s结尾，只加”'“。例如： Teachers' Day 教师节 The boys' game 男孩们的游戏 (3). 如果复数名词不以s结尾，仍加”'s“。例如： Children's Day 儿童节 Women's Day 妇女节

4). 表示两个或几个共有时，所有格应加在后一个名词上。例如：

Lucy and Lily's room Lucy 和Lily的房间 Kate and Jim's father Kate 和Jim的爸爸动物和无生命事物的名词的所有格一般不在词尾加”'s“，而常常用介词of的短语来表示。 a map of China 一幅中国地图 the name of her cat 她的猫的名字 a picture of my family 我的家庭的一张照片 the door of the bedroom 卧室的门

2、代词项目人称代词物主代词指示代词反身代词

人称主格宾格形容词名词性

第一人称单数 I me my mine myself复数 we us our ours ourselves

第二人称单数 you you your yours yourself复数 you you your yours yourselves

第三人称单数 she her her hers herselfhe him his his himselfit it its its this that itself

复数 they them their theirs these those themselves

中考前提高英语成绩的方法

1、想要快速提高英语，需要有一定单词量的累积，早晨和临睡前背诵单词能快速准确地记住;

2、培养语感，语感是考试中无形的利器，借助手机或电脑听一些英语内容，无论是否听得懂，日复一日，感觉慢慢就能培养出来;

3、学习语法，跟着试卷走，试卷中的语法足够对付高考，把以往所有的试卷都复习一遍或者购买一些语法填空进行二次复习;

4、阅读英语短篇，每天多做多练与考试相似或相近的内容，并记住过错，养成不懂就问不懂就查的习惯;

5、多写多读，多读一些英语短篇可以累积很多知识，不仅可以了解语法，培养出语感外，还能快速记住单词;

6、英语写作技巧，寻找一些固定搭配，并记住它们。

如何提高初中英语成绩

1、英语文章泛读学习：学习语言类的科目，最重要的是不断地阅读，泛读是为了帮助自己提升语感，这样在做试题的时候，就能够顺口而出，不用费脑。

2、精选英文学习材料：在任何时候，我们会发现你所喜欢的就是你感兴趣的，因此，选择自己喜欢的英语学习材料，这样你才会更快速地集中记忆力。

3、英语跟读练习模式：高中的英语口语练习也是非常关键的，可以帮助你纠正一些错误，这样在今后的英语口语训练中也就更加的高效。

4、加强英语语法学习：一般很多时候，英语语法就相当于数学中的公式，如果能够很好地利用，在日常的考试和学习中，对你的英语成绩提升也是非常有帮助的。

5、坚持背诵精品文章：有时候很多老师都会采取让学生背诵英文文章，其实这个看起来很死板的教学，其实对于学生们的语感培养，都是非常有帮助的。

篇19：中考英语知识点总结完整版

英语语法知识难点(一)

(一) 形容词和副词I.要点A.形容词1、形容词的用法形容词是用来修饰、描绘名词的，通常在句中作定语、表语或宾补，有时还可作状语。如：He is honest and hardworking. I found the book interesting.

某些形容词与定冠词连用表示一类人作主语时，谓语通常用复数形式。如：The rich and the poor live in different parts of thecity.

The English like to be with their families.

多个形容词作定语修饰名词的顺序：冠词+序数词+基数词+性质状态(描述性)+形状大小+新旧老少+颜色+国籍+材料+名词。如：the second five interesting big new red Chinese wallpapers.

2、形容词比较等级的形式 (1)规则形式一般说来，单音节词及少数双音节词在后加-er; --est 来构成比较级和最高级;其他双音节词及多音节词在前加more, most.如：great-greater-greatest busy-busier-busiest important-more important-(the)mostimportant

(2)不规则形式good(well)-better-best bad(ill)-worse-worst many(much)-more-most little-less-least

(3)形容词比较等级的用法①表示两者的比较，用形容词的比较级+than. 如：Heis cleverer than the other boys. Thisone is more beautiful than that one.

②表示两者以上的比较，用”the +形容词最高级(+名词)+of(in) …“如：Heis the cleverest boy in his class.

③表示两者是同等程度，用”as +形容词原级+as“. 如：Heis as tall as I. I have as manybooks as you.

④越… 越…

例如：Themore I learn, the happier I am.

⑤ You can neverbe too careful. 越小心越好又如：Youcan never praise the teacher too highly.

你怎么赞扬这个老师也不过分。⑥ I have neverspent a more worrying day.

那一天是最令我担心的一天。Ihave never had a better dinner.

这是我吃过的最好的一顿饭。⑦ My English isno better than yours. 我的英语和你的英语都不怎么样。B.副词1、副词的种类 (1)时间副词如：ago, before,already, just, now, early, late, finally, tomorrow等

(2)地点副词如：here, there, near,around, in, out, up, down, back, away, outside等。

(3)方式副词如：carefully,angrily, badly, calmly, loudly, quickly, politely, nervously等。

(4)程度副词如：almost, nearly,much, greatly, a bit, a little, hardly, so, very等。2、副词比较等级的用法其用法与形容词相似，只是副词最高级前可省略定冠词。如：Ofall the boys he sings (the) most beautifully.

Wemust work harder.

3、某些副词在用法上的区别

(1) already, yet,still

already表示某事物已经发生，主要用于肯定句;yet表示期待某事发生，主要用于否定句和疑问句;still表示某事还在进行，主要用于肯定句和疑问句，有时也可用于否定句。如：We'vealready watched that film.

Ihaven't finished my homework yet.

Hestill works until late every night.

(2) too, as well,also, either

too,as well和 also用于肯定句和疑问句，too和as well多用于口语，一般放在句末，而also多用于书面语，一般放在句中与动词连用。either用于否定句和否定的疑问句，往往放在句末。如：Hewent there too.

Hedidn't go there either.

Ilike you as well.

Ialso went there.

(3) hard, hardly

hardly意为”几乎“与hard在词义上完全不同。如：Iwork hard every day.

Ican hardly remember that.

(4) late, lately

lately意为”最近、近来“，late意为”晚、迟“。如：Henever comes late.

Haveyou been to the museum lately?

II.例题例1Tom's father thinks he is already ____

Ahigh enough B tall enough

Cenough high C enough tall

解析：该题正确答案是B。修饰人高用tall, 而建筑物的高用high,并且enough修饰形容词要放在形容词后面。因此该题选B。例2____ the worse I seem to be.

AWhen I take more medicine

BThe more medicine I take

CTaking more of the medicine

DMore medicine taken

解析：该题正确答案为B。”the+形容词比较级+… , the +形容词比较级+…“意为越…，越…。该句意为：吃的药越多，我的病越是加重。

例3”I haven't been to London yet“.

”Ihaven't been there ____“.

Atoo Balso Ceither D neither

解析：该题正确答案为C。A和B都用于肯定句中。D-neither本身意为否定”两者都不“，而C-either则用于否定句中，意为”也“。例4Mr Smith was ____ moved at the news.

Adeep Bdeeply C very deep D quite deeply

解析：该题正确答案为B。A. deep用于副词时，修饰具体的深，如dig deep,而B-deeply则修饰表示感情色彩的词，如该题为deeply moved.另如deeply regret等。而D-quite和deeply均为副词，不能互相修饰。

(二)介词

I.要点1、介词和种类 (1)简单介词，常用的有at, in, on, about,across, before, beside, for , to, without等。 (2)复合介词，如by means of, alongwith, because of, in front of, instead of等。2、介词和其他词类的习惯搭配关系 (1)和动词的搭配，如agree with, askfor, belong to, break away from, care about等。 (2)和形容词的搭配，如afraid of, angrywith, different from, good at

(3)和名词的搭配，如answer to , keyto, reason for, cause of, visit to等.

3、介词短语可以有自己的修饰语，这种修饰语通常有right, just,badly, all, well, directly, completely等少数几个副词。如：Hecame right after dinner.

Helives directly opposite the school.

4、某些介词的意义与用法举例

(1) at, on, in(表时间) 表示时间点用at,如at four o'clock,at midnight等;表示不确定的时间或短期假日也用at,如at that time, atChristmas等。指某天用on,如onMonday, on the end of November, 指某天的朝夕用on,如on Friday morning,on the afternoon of September lst等。指长于或短于一天的时段用in,如in the afternoon, in February, in Summer, in 1999等。(2) between, among(表位置)between仅用于二者之间，但说三者或三者以上中的每两个之间的相互关系时，也用between, 如I'msitting between Tom and Alice.

Thevillage lies between three hills.

among用于三者或三者以上之间。如：Heis the best among the students.

(3) beside, besides

beside意为”在…旁边“，而besides意为”除…之外“。如： He sat beside me.What do you wantbesides this?

(4)in the tree, onthe tree

inthe tree 指动物或人在树上，而on the tree 指果实、树叶长在树上(5)on the way, in theway, by the way, in this way

onthe way 指在路上 in the way 指挡道 by the way 指顺便问一句 in this way 用这样的方法(6)in the corner, atthe corner

inthe corner 指在拐角内 at the corner 指在拐角外(7)in the morning, onthe morning

inthe morning 是一般说法 on the morning 特指某一天的早晨(8)by bus, on the bus

bybus 是一般说法on the bus 特指乘某一辆.

II.例题例1Do you know any other foreign language____ English?

A except B but C beside D besides

解析：A、B两项except等于but，意为”除了…“，C-beside意为”在…旁边“，不符合题意。而D-besides, 意为”除了…之外，还有“。所以该题正确答案为D。该题意为：除了英语外，你还知道别的语言吗? 例2He suddenly returned ____ a rainy night.

Aon B at C in D during

解析：我们均知道，at night这一短语，但如果night前有修饰词，表具体的夜晚，则要用介词on来修饰，故该题正确答案为A。例3I'm looking forward ____your letter.

Ato B in C at D on

解析：该题正确答案为A。look forward to 为固定搭配，意为”期望、盼望“。

(三)连词

I.要点1、连词的种类 (1)并列连词用来连接并列关系的词、短语或分句，如and, for, or,both…and, either…or, neither…nor等。 (2)从属连词用来引导从句，如that, if, whether,when, after, as soon as等。除了从属连词(引导状语从句)外，还有其它可以用来引导从句的词类。它们是连接代词和连接副词(引导名词性从句)，关系代词和关系副词(引导定语从句)。

2、常用连词举例(1)and和，并且They drank andsang all night.

(2)both…and 和，既…也…Both my parents and I went there.

(3)but 但是，而 I'msad, but he is happy.

(4)either…or 或…或…，要么…要么…Either you're wrong, or I am.

(5)for因为 Iasked him to stay, for I had something to tell him.

(6) however 然而，可是 Af first, hedidn't want to go there. Later, however, he decided to go.

(7)neither…nor 既不…也不 Neither my parents nor my aunt agrees with you.

(8)not only…but(also) 不但…而且…He not only sings well, but also dances well.

(9)or 或者，否则Hurryup, or you'll be late.Are you a worker or a doctor?

(10)so 因此，所以It'sgetting late, so I must go.

(11)although 虽然 Although it was late, they went on working.

(12)as soon as 一 …就 I'll tell him as soon as I see him.

(13)because 因为 He didn't go to school, because he was ill.

(14)unless 除非，如果不 I won't go unlessit is fine tomorrow.

(15)until 直到…He didn't leaveuntil eleven. (瞬间动词用于not… until 结构)

Hestayed there until eleven.

(16)while 当…时候，而 (表示对比)

While I stayed there, I met a friend of mine. (while后不可用瞬间动词)

Mypen is red while his is blue.

(17)for 因为 He was ill, for hedidn't come. (结论是推断出来的)

(18)since自从…I have lived heresince my uncle left.

(19)hardly… when 一… 就 I had hardly gotto the station when the train left.

(20)as far as 就… 来说As far as I know,that country is very small. You may walk as far as the lake. (一直走到湖那里)

II.例题例1John plays football ____, if not better than, David.

Aas well B as well as C so well D so well as

解析：该题意为：John踢足球如果不比David好的话，那也踢得和David一样好。和…一样好为as well as.故该题正确答案为B。例2She thought I was talking about her daughter, ____, in fact, I was talkingabout my daughter.

Awhen B where C which D while

解析：该处意为”然而“，只有while有此意思，故选D。例3Would you like a cup of coffee ____ shall we get down to business right away?

A.and B. then C. or D. otherwise

解析：该处意为”或者“，正确答案为C。

英语语法知识难点(二)

(四)动词时态、语态

I.要点1、一般现在时 (1)表示经常发生的动作或现在存在的状态，常与sometimes,always, often, every day等时间状语连用。如：Sometimes, we go swimming after school.

(2)表示客观真理、科学事实等。如：The earth goes round the sun.

2、现在进行时(1) 表示说话时或现阶段正在进行的动作，常与now, at present等时间状语连用。如：What are you doing now?

(2) 和always, continually等连用，表一种经常反复的动作，常含有某种情感。如：He is always doing good deeds.

3、现在完成时主要表示动作发生在过去，对现在仍有影响，或动作一直延续到现在，或可能还要继续下去，常与just, already, so far, once, never 等词连用。如:

Have you ever been to Beijing?

4、一般将来时表示将来某一时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与tomorrow, next year等连用。如：I'll meet you at the school gate tomorrow morning.

We're going to see a film next Monday.

5、一般过去时表示在过去某一时间或某一阶段内发生的动作或存在的状态，常与yesterday, last year, in 1998, a moment ago等词连用。如： It happened many years ago.

6、过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一时期正在发生的动作。如： What were you doing this time yesterday?

7、过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。如：The train had already left before we arrived.

8、一般过去将来时表示说话人从过去的角度来看将来发生的动作。如： He said he would come, but he didn't.

9、被动语态被动语态的时态，以give为例。

时／式

一般

进行

完成

现在

is given

are

is being

are

has

been given

have

过去

was

given

were

was

being given were

had been given

将来

shall

be given

will

shall

have been given

will

过去将来

should

be given

would

should

have been given

would

II.例题

例1 I learned that her father ____ in 1950.

A had died B died C dead D is dead

解析：该题正确答案为B。从句中的谓语动词动作虽然发生在主句谓语动词的动作之前，但因从句中有明确的过去时间状语in 1950, 所以不用过去完成时态，而用一般过去时态。

例2 The five-year-old girl ____ by her parents.

A is looked B has looked for

C is being looked for D has been looked

解析：该题正确答案为C。在带有介词的动词短语用于被动语态句中，介词不能省，否则就变成了不及物动词短语，而不能用于被动语态的句子中。

(五)动词虚拟语气

I.要点表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望、建议或与事实相反的假设等。一般常用于正式的书面语中。 1、虚拟语气的构成

情景	条件从句的谓语动词	主句的谓语动词
与现在事实相反	动词过去式（be要用were）	should +动词原形 would
与过去事实相反	had +过去分词	should +have+过去分词 would
与将来事实相反	1、动词过去时 2、should +动词原形 3、were to +动词原形	should ＋动词原形 would

注：如果条件从句谓语动词包含有were或had, should, could有时可将if省去, 但要倒装。如：Had you (If you had) invited us, we would have come to yourparty.

2、虚拟语气在各种从句的应用 (1)在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、惋惜、理应如此等，其谓语形式是”should(可省) +动词原形“，常用于以下三种句型中。句型一：It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc) that…

句型二：It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc) that…

句型三：It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc) that…

如： It is strange that he (should) have done that.

It is a pity that he (should) be so careless.

It is requested that we (should) be so careless.

(2)在宾语从句中用于suggest, propose, move, insist, desire, demand, request, order,command等动词后的宾语从句中，表间接的命令和建议。其谓语形式是”(should)+动词原形“。如：I suggest that we (should) go swimming.

(3)在表语从句中，表示间接的命令，要求、请求、建议、决定等，主句中的主语通常是suggestion, proposal, request, orders, idea等。从句谓语形式是”(should)+动词原形“。如：His suggestion is that we (should) leave at once.

(4)在同位语从句中，谓语形式是”(should)+动词原形“。如：We received order that the work be done at once.

(5)在It is time that…句型中，其谓语动词形式是”动词的过去式“或 ”should +动词原形“,should不可省。如：It's time (that) we went ( should go) to school.

II.例题例1 We had hoped that he ____ longer.

A stays B have stayed C stayed D would stay

解析：该题正确答案为D。had hoped表示”本希望“，同样用法的动词还有think, expect等，后面的句子需用虚拟语气例2 ”Mary wants to see you today“.

”I would rather she ____ tomorrow than today.“

A comes B came C should come D will come

解析：该题正确答案为B。would rather后面的从句需用虚拟语气，用动词过去时表示。例3 Had she been older, she ____ it better.

A had done B might have done

C might do D would do

解析：Had she been older = If she had been old. 故该题正确答案为B。

(六)短语动词

I.要点英语中有许多短语动词在意义上是一个整体，其用法有的相当于及物动词，有的相当于不及物动词，有的兼有及物动词和不及物动词的特征。英语短语动词的构成主要有以下六种：

(1)动词+介词常见的有look for, look after, send for, care about, ask for, laugh at,hear of (from), add to, lead to等。这类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后。如：Don't laugh at others.

I didn't care about it.

(2)动词+副词常见的有give up, pick up, think over, find out, hand in, point out等。这类短语动词的宾语如果是名词，既可放在副词前边，又可放在副词后边;宾语如果是人称代词或反身代词，则要放在副词前边。如：You'll hand in your homework tomorrow.

Please don't forget to hand it in.

(3)动词+副词+介词常见的有look down upon, go on with, break away from, add up to, catchup with等。这类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后边。如：All his money added up to no more than $100.

After a short rest, he went on with his research work.

(4)动词+名词+介词常见的有take care of, make use of, pay attention to, make fun of 等。这类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后边。如：You should pay attention to your handwriting.

We should make full use of our time.

(5)动词+形容词常见的有leave open, set free, cut open等。这类短语动词的宾语如果是名词，则宾语可放在形容词的前边，也可放在后边;宾语如果是人称代词或反身代词，则必须放在形容词前边。如：

The prisoners were set free.

He cut it open.

(6)动词+名词常见的有take place, make friends等。这类短语动词用作不及物动词。如：This story took place three years ago.

I make friends with a lot of people.

(7)辨析give away(让给，暴露) 和 give up(放弃，停止)put away(放起，收起)和 put out (扑灭)turn up(出席，放大)和 turn on (打开)keep out(阻止)和 keep off (不让靠近)make up(编造，补上)和 make out(辨认)take off(脱，起飞)和 take out(拿出)

II.例题例1 It is wise to have some money ____ for old age.

A put away B kept up C given away D laid up

解析：该题正确答案为A。意为”存“;keep up意为”继续“;give away意为”分发“;lay up”贮藏“。例2 Here's my card. Let's keep in ____.

A touch B relation C connection D friendship

解析：该题正确答案为A. keep in touch为短语动词，意为”保持联系“。例3 ____! There's a train coming.

A Look out B Look around C Look forward D Look on

解析：该题选A. look out 意为”小心“。

(七)动词不定式

I.要点 1、不定式的形式。以动词write为例。

式｜语态	主动语态	被动语态
一般式	to write	to be written
完成式	to have written	to have been written
进行式	to be writing
完成进行式	to have been writing

2、不定式的句法功能 (1)作主语To hear from you is nice.

To be a good teacher is not easy.

不定式作主语时，为了保持句子的平衡，往往以it作形式主语，而不定式置于谓语动词后。如：It's nice to hear from you.

It's not easy to be a good teacher.

(2)作宾语通常用于want, hope, wish, like, need, hate, begin, start, remember,agree, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help等词后。如：I forgot to lock the door.

Please remember to write to me.

(3)作表语

My job is to pick up letters.

He seemed to have heard nothing.

(4)作定语不定式作定语时，须放在它所修饰的名词或代词后。如： I have two letters to write.I have a lot of work to do.

(5)作宾补通常用于want, wish, ask, order, tell, know, help, advise, allow, cause,force等词后。如：He ordered her to leave at once.He wasforced to obey his order.

(6)作状语He got up early to catch the first bus.

He worked hard to catch up with the other students.

(7)作独立成分To tell you the truth, I told a lie.

(8) ”疑问词+不定式“结构。如：I don't know how to choose them.

I cannot decide where to go.

(9)不定式的否定式。如：I decided not to go.

(10)不定式的完成式。如：He seemed to have cleaned the room before I came in.

The boy is said to have been sent to the hospital last week.

(11)too…to 结构。如：He was too excited to go to sleep.

He was only too glad to go. (他太高兴了，乐意去)

(12)主动表被动。如：The book is easy to read.

I have a book to read.

II.例题例1 I haven't got a chair ____.

A to sit B for to sit on C to sit on D for sitting

解析：该题选C。不定式to sit on在句中作定语，修饰名词chair. 因为不定式和它所修饰的名词间是”动宾关系“，所以不定式必须是及物动词，故此处on不能省略。例2 He was made ____.

A go B gone C going D to go

解析：该题选D。make sb. do sth. 如果是被动形式，不定式do前的to不能省略。

例3 A new factory is ____ very soon.

A to be built B built

C to build D to building

解析：该题选A。is to be built意为”将要被建“。

(八)动名词

I.要点动名词既具有动词的一些特征，又具有名词的句法功能。 1、动名词的形式，以write为例。

式 \| 语态	主动语态	被动语态
一般式	writing	being written
完成式	having written	having been written

否定式 not +动名词 2、动名词的用法 (1)作主语Playing football is my favorite sport.

Travelling with friends at weekend is fun.

作主语的动名词结构复杂且长时，可用it作形式主语。如： It is funtravelling with friends at weekend.

(2)作宾语I enjoy playing PC game.He gave up writing five yearsago.

(3)作表语What he hated most was doing nothing.Seeing is believing.

动名词作表语时，句子的主语常是无生命名词或what引导的名词性从句。(4)作定语There's a dining room in my school. All the people watching laughed.

(5)动名词的复合结构”物主代词(或名词的所有格)+动名词"。如：Tom's going home late made her mother angry. Would you mind my opening the window?

不过，动名词的逻辑主语在遇到以下情况时，必须用名词的普通格(或人称代词的宾格)。①无生命名词The girls were afraid of the door suddenly closing.

Fire burns better by oxygen being at work.

②有生命名词，但表泛指。Have you ever heard of girls smoking?

③两个以上的有生命的名词并列。Do you still remember my parents and me coming to see you thatday?

3.后面常接动名词的动词和短语mind, enjoy, finish, consider, practise, magine,

keep, suggest, advise, allow, permit,

be worth doing, be used to doing, be busy doing,

can't help doing, it is no good doing, it is no use doing,

look forward to doing, stick to doing, pay attention to doing,

devote to doing, lead to doing

II.例题例1 She says she doesn't feel like ____ out with you.

A going B to go C for going D went

解析：该题正确答案为A。 feel like = want, 此处like 为介词，后面要接名词或动名词作宾语例2 The garden needs ____.

A water B watering C to water D watered

解析：该题正确答案为B。 need = want = require. 如果物作主语，此三者后要接动名词或to be done这一结构作宾语。例3 Excuse me ____ you.

A interrupting B to interrupt

C interrupted D to have interrupted

解析：该题正确答案为A。excuse 后接动名词作宾语，此句中的me为动名词的逻辑主语(常用于口语中)。

(九)分词

I.要点分词既具有动词的一些特征，又具有形容和副词的句法功能。它分为现在分词和过去分词两类。现在分词和过去分词的主要差别在于现在分词有一般式和完成式，过去分词则只有一般式。现在分词表动作正在进行，表主动。过去分词及物动词表动作已经完成，表被动。过去分词不及物动词表动作已经完成，表主动。过去分词的句法功能： 1、作定语I like to read the novel written by Lu Xun.

The woman sitting beside the broken window was a friend ofmine.

2、作表语When I came into the room, I found the window was broken.

I'm interested in this book.

3、作宾语补足语I'm going to have my bike repaired.

When I walked home, I saw the thief caught by the police.

4、作状语Seen from the top of the mountain, the city looks small.

The teacher came into the classroom, followed by his students.

现在分词的句法功能。

1、作状语Seeing from the top of the mountain, I found the city wasbeautiful.

Walking along the street, they suddenly saw him.

2、作宾语I hate being spoken ill of.

He considered visiting Japan during the winter vocation.

3、作表语Seeing is believing.

The book is interesting.

4、作宾语补足语I noticed him crossing the street.

Mother caught him smoking in the kitchen.

5、作定语Do you know the man writing a letter?

The worker running a machine is my brother.

分词使用中的几个问题1、现在分词的完成式Having cleaned the room, I went out.

2、现在分词的否定式

Not having received any letter, he felt a little worried.

3、现在分词与过去分词的不同现在分词表示主动、正在，过去分词表示被动、完成I found the man killed there. I found the man standing there.

4、have结构We have the car repaired. We have repaired the car. Wehave Tom repair the car.

We have Tom repairing the car the whole morning.

5、分词作表语We were excited at the news. The football game is exciting.

6、独立主格结构It being a fine day, we went out to visit the park.

中考英语考试注意事项

一、听力

1.刚拿到试卷的时候,应该先将听力题目阅读一遍,这样在听听力的时候,也便有了目标性。

2.要仔细阅读,有时间要把选项也看一遍,找出选项间的不同。

3.养成边听边记的习惯,特别是在一些细节的方面,我们可以听的时候,顺手写在试卷的旁边,这样可以迅速的做出判断。

二、单项选择

1.注意题中暗示的有关信息。

2.找准考点。

3.注意审题,排除干扰的选项。

4.多注意平时做题中出现的易错点,考试中也是考试的一个重点。

三、阅读

1.通读全文理解大意。阅读理解应该先将文章通读一遍,这样才能做好每一个题。比如完形填空,有些选项是都可以选择的,可能是要阅读到后面的文章,才能理解前面这个空是怎么选择的。阅读理解就更不用说了,陷阱更多,需要我们仔细的去理解有关内容。

2.精读试填。这要求我们运用所学的语法和词汇知识,根据上下文的联系,对每个题做出准确的判断,考生要注意的就是统筹兼顾,上下统一,这样做出的答案准确性才会高。

3.检查。我们做完之后,可以快速的检查一遍,我们可以带着我们的答案进去检查,遇到讲不通的自然也就是错的。所以这个方法还是很有效果的,希望同学们可以试一下。

中考英语实用答题技巧

答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，并认真核准条形码上的准考证号、姓名，在规定的位置贴好条形码。

所有要求书写的区域都应该使用“0.5毫米黑色签字笔”，即：姓名、准考证号、改错和书面表达。注意，只接受黑色的签字笔!填涂答案的部分则只接受“2B铅笔”!填涂要求饱满、清晰、不超格。不得用铅笔或圆珠笔写作文;字体要工整、笔迹清楚。

请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。

保持答题卡卷面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破。

选择题需要填涂答案在答题卡上。考生可把填涂区依次分四块填涂：听力题区一块，单选题区一块，完型题区一块，阅读题区一块。不要四区一次填完，容易造成移位。

建议考生携带两支2B铅笔，一支尖，一支扁平。填涂时，考生可先用尖铅笔在答题区选项上轻点答案，遇有悬而未决的答案可点两个，最后核定时再用扁平铅笔涂黑时决定取舍，宜轻擦小点，且用力均匀。

用扁平铅笔填涂时要注意从左至右划过来，再推过去，一个来回即可，无须多次。忌点、叉、团、勾!

短文改错题的答题一定要规范、符合要求。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧)，并在此符号“下面”写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用“斜线”()划掉。

修改：在错的词“下面”划一横线，并在该词“下面”写出修改后的词。

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