高三作文框架英语
“爱吃西红柿”通过精心收集,向本站投稿了20篇高三作文框架英语,下面是小编给大家带来高三作文框架英语,一起来阅读吧,希望对您有所帮助。
篇1:高三作文框架英语
高三作文框架英语
对比观点题型
(1)要求论述两个对立的观点并给出自己的看法。
1. 有一些人认为……
2.另一些人认为……
3.我的看法……
The topic of ①-----------------(主题)is becoming more and more popular recently. There are two sides of opinions about it. Some people say A is their favorite. They hold their view for the reason of ②-----------------(支持A的理由一)What is more, ③-------------理由二). Moreover, ④---------------(理由三).
While others think that B is a better choice in the following three reasons. Firstly,-----------------(支持B的理由一). Secondly (besides),⑥------------------(理由二). Thirdly (finally),⑦------------------(理由三).
From my point of view,I think ⑧----------------(我的观点). The reason is that ⑨--------------------(原因). As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice. For me, the former is surely a wise choice .
(2)给出一个观点,要求考生反对这一观点
Some people believe that ①----------------(观点一). For example, they think ②-----------------(举例说明).And it will bring them ③---------------(为他们带来的好处).
In my opinion,I never think this reason can be the point. For one thing,④-------------(我不同意该看法的理由一). For another thing, ⑤---------(反对的理由之二).
Form all what I have said, I agree to the thought that ⑥-----(我对文章所讨论主题的看法).
阐述主题题型
要求从一句话或一个主题出发,按照提纲的要求进行论述.
1.阐述名言或主题所蕴涵的意义.
2.分析并举例使其更充实.
The good old proverb ----------------(名言或谚语)reminds us that ----------------(释义). Indeed, we can learn many things form it.
First of all,-----------------(理由一). For example, -------------------(举例说明). Secondly,----------------(理由二). Another case is that ---------------(举例说明). Furthermore , ------------------(理由三).
In my opinion, ----------------(我的观点). In short, whatever you do, please remember the say------A. If you understand it and apply it to your study or work, you’ll necessarily benefit a lot from it.
解决方法题型
要求考生列举出解决问题的多种途径
1.问题现状
2.怎样解决(解决方案的优缺点)
In recent days, we have to face I problem-----A, which is becoming more and more serious. First, ------------(说明A的现状).Second, ----------(举例进一步说明现状)
Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation.For one thing,---------------(解决方法一). For another-------------(解决方法二). Finally, --------------(解决方法三).
Personally, I believe that -------------(我的解决方法). Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because --------------(带来的好处).
说明利弊题型
这种题型往往要求先说明一下现状,再对比事物本身的利弊,有时也会单从一个角度(利或弊)出发,最后往往要求考生表明自己的态度(或对事物前景提出预测)
1.说明事物现状
2.事物本身的优缺点(或一方面)
3.你对现状(或前景)的看法
Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role in our daily life. Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows.First ----------------(A的优点之一). Besides -------------------(A的优点之二).
But every coin has two sides.The negative aspects are also apparent. One of the important disadvantages is that ----------------(A的第一个缺点).To make matters worse,------------------(A的第二个缺点).
Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones. Therefore, I would like to ---------------(我的看法).
(From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A, we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in. Only by this way, ---------------(对前景的预测).)
议论文的框架
(1) 不同观点列举型(选择型)
There is a widespread concern over the issue that __作文题目. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. A majority of people think that _ 观点一________. In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, ___原因一_______.Furthermore, in the second place, ___原因二_____. So it goes without saying that ___观点一_____.
People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter. Some peoplehold the idea that_观二_____. In their point of view, on the one hand, ___原因一_______. On the other hand, ____原因二_____. Therefore, there is no doubt that ___观点二______.
As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __观点一或二_. Itis not only because ________, but also because _________. The more _______, the more ________.
(2)利弊型的议论文
Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)___作文题目______. In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题_____. Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows. Firstly, ___优点一______. And secondly ___优点二_____.
Just As a popular saying goes, “every coin has two sides”,讨论议题is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To begin with,缺 点 一 .
In addition, 缺点二 .
To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of 讨论议题into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time. In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ____讨论议题___.
( 3 ) 答题性议论文
Currently, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)作文题目_______ .It is really an important concern to every one of us. As a result, we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem.
As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this problem. First of all, __途径一______. In addition, another way contributing to success of the solving problem is ___途径二_____.
Above all, to solve the problem of ___作文题目______, we should find a number of various ways. But as far as I am concerned, I would prefer to solve the problem in this way, that is to say, ____方法_____.
( 4 ) 谚语警句性议论文
It is well know to us that the proverb: “___谚语 has a profound significance and value not only in our job but also in our study. It means ____谚语的含义______. The saying can be illustrated through a series of examples as follows. ( also theoretically )
A case in point is ___例子一______. Therefore, it is goes without saying that it is of great of importance to practice the proverb ____谚语_____.
With the rapid development of science and technology in China, an increasing number of people come to realize that it is also of practical use to stick to the saying: ____谚语_____. The more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job..
图表作文的框架
As is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage in the table(graph/picture/pie/chart), ___作文题目的议题_____ has been on rise/ decrease (goesup/increases/drops/decreases),significantly/dramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from______ in _______ to ______ in _____. From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that ________.
There are at least two good reasons accounting for ______. On the one hand, ________. On the other hand, _______ is due to the fact that ________. In addition, ________ is responsible for _______. Maybe there are some other reasons to show ________. But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing.
As far as I am concerned, I hold the point of view that _______. I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.
高中的英语的复习的计划
1选择一个目标进行突破
经过对学习效率低的原因分析,找出自己的症结所在。首先选择其中较为可行的一项进行重点突破。某些学生在接受长辈一顿训斥后,立即制定一个宏大的学习计划,其实这种计划十有八 九是执行不下去的,要根据自己的实际情况,从某一方面进行突破。
2实行新的学习程序
如果你的症结是行为拖拉,为克服这个缺点你就应该给自己订一个规则,每天不完成预订的任务不睡觉;如果原因是对英语不感兴趣,则首先努力去改变单调枯燥的学习方法,将英语学习与工作、娱乐、陶冶性情结合起来,坚持一段时间后,随着良好习惯的形成,学习兴趣就会逐渐浓厚。
3要尽可能的形成如下学习习惯
(1)养成提问的好习惯。它不仅有助于语言学习,也是个人成长的好习惯。
(2)学习时要经常准备好学习的工具,如字典、软件、记录本等,将不明白的地方随时记录下来或者直接进行查阅。
(3)将经常出错的地方记录在一个小本上,不断温习巩固,并避免重复犯错;将朗读作为每天早晨起来以后的一个习惯动作。
(4)分阶段录下自己朗读的声音文件,保存起来,以后在不同的阶段放给自己听听,看看是不是有明显的进步。
(5)挑选语言优美的经典名片作为背诵的对象。不要光为了背诵而背诵,将语音的练习、内容的欣赏、单词的记忆、句型的巩固、语感的培养有意无意地作为背诵的目的(6)将复习作为学习的一个重要过程,制定一些学习和复习的计划。
4形成如下学习策略
(1)在英语学习的过程中要树立自信。
(2)了解思维差异,即以英语为母语的人在思维方式上与我们中国人的差异。”思维差异“需要在平时的阅读中不断地感受、体会,积累英语中对各类事件的描绘和阐述方式,才能在自己的表达中运用自如。
(3)学习英语所承载的文化概念。
(4)经常将英语和中文进行对照对比。
(5)要有文体意识。
5坚持就是胜利
每天必备的训练:
(1)听磁带20分钟。要选高考听力模拟试题,有针对性的强化练习,并复述听到的内容提高口语表达能力
(2)理解并记忆10个左右新词汇,可以参考大学四级词汇
(3)阅读两篇400字左右的文章并完成相应的练习(限定时间:一般为5分钟一篇文章)
(4)有目的的整理当天或者近期学习内容,做到举一反三。
高三作文框架英语
篇2:英语作文框架
一般第一段都是总括,根据作文提示谢咯
第二段就是分析,这具体也要看作文要求,一般都是分析两种对立观点,或者分析作文要求中指定观点
第三段就是陈述自己的观点和看法咯
我大致可以给你一个框架
第一段 with the development of ……,more and more people are concerned about the problem that +主题句. accordingly,后接伴随问题的新问题is becoming more and more serious
第二段 confronted with the +问题或现象,we should take a seriou of effective measures to cope with the problems. firstly,secondly,thirdly,随你发挥了
第三段,就是提出自己的观点看法了。as far as i am concerned/as far as i can see/form my own view,the best way is…… 接着陈述自己这样认为的理由了
以上是针对作文要求你针对不好的现象提出解决方案的
下面这种则是针对 议论型的
第一段 when it comes to +题目要求的观点,some people argue that + 一个关于观点的句子。 然后后面接着写这些人这样认为的理由
第二段写与前面这个观点相反的观点。 while/on the contrary,other people have a different opinion,+一个关于这个观点的句子。后面接着写理由。
第三段也是陈述自己的看法
还有具体不懂的你也可以继续问我
WISH YOU GOOD LUCK!
各类体裁英语考试作文框架
第一段一般只写三句
第一句:It is widely believed that by many people for some time that ...
第二句:One reason they think is that...
第三句:The other reason they hold is that...
第二段一般只写三句
第一句:While others argue that ...
第二句:They maintain that...
第三句:They also claim that...
第三段写四句
第一句:From what has been discussed above, we may come to the conclusion that ...
第二句:On the one hand, ...
第三句:On the other hand, ...
第四句:Only in this way can we ...
图表作文
第一段只写三句
第一句:As is shown in the graph above, we can see clearly that great changes have taken place in … from…to…
第二句:The first … years saw…
第三句:The last … years witnessed …
第二段只写四句
第一句:What has caused this problem? It seems to me that there are … reasons.
第二句:Firstly, …
第三句:Secondly,…
第四句:Finally,…
第三段只写四句
第一句:How to solve the problem has become a hot issue among many people.
第二句:For one thing, …
第三句:For another, …
第四句:Only in this way can we successfully solve the problem.
现象作文
第一段只写两句
第一句:In recent years, there has been…
第二句:How to solve the problem has become a hot issue among many people.
第二段只写四句
第一句:What has caused this problem? It seems to me that there are … reasons.
第二句:Firstly, …
第三句:Secondly,…
第四句:Finally,…
第三段只写四句
第一句:How to solve the problem has become a hot issue among many people.
第二句:For one thing, …
第三句:For another, …
第四句:Only in this way can we successfully solve the problem.
书信作文
第一段只写两句
第一句:I am writing this letter today to …
第二句:My name is … and I am …
第二段按照题目要求写:
第三段只写三句
第一句:I sincerely hope you can take my letter seriously.
第二句:Your prompt response will be highly appreciated.
第三句:Thanks a lot for your time and consideration.
谚语作文
第一段只写四句
第一句:It is … that …
第二句:You cannot … until you …
第三句:The more you …, the more …
第四句:If you …, you …
第二段举例写
第一句:Examples can be easily found to make a case for this proverb.
第二句:Let’s take … for instance.
第三句:…
第四句:Another illustration of this is…
篇3:英语作文框架
第一段只写四句
第一句:It is … that …
第二句:You cannot … until you …
第三句:The more you …, the more …
第四句:If you …, you …
第二段举例写
第一句:Examples can be easily found to make a case for this proverb.
第二句:Let’s take … for instance.
第三句:…
第四句:Another illustration of this is…
欢迎继续阅读以下英语作文:
篇4:精选高三数学知识点框架
一、对数函数
log.a(MN)=logaM+logN
loga(M/N)=logaM-logaN
logaM^n=nlogaM(n=R)
logbN=logaN/logab(a>0,b>0,N>0a、b均不等于1)
二、简单几何体的面积与体积
S直棱柱侧=c_h(底面周长乘以高)
S正棱椎侧=1/2_c_h′(底面的周长和斜高的一半)
设正棱台上、下底面的周长分别为c′,c,斜高为h′,S=1/2_(c+c′)_h
S圆柱侧=c_l
S圆台侧=1/2_(c+c′)_l=兀_(r+r′)_l
S圆锥侧=1/2_c_l=兀_r_l
S球=4_兀_R^3
V柱体=S_h
V锥体=(1/3)_S_h
V球=(4/3)_兀_R^3
三、两直线的位置关系及距离公式
(1)数轴上两点间的距离公式|AB|=|x2-x1|
(2)平面上两点A(x1,y1),(x2,y2)间的距离公式
|AB|=sqr[(x2-x1)^2+(y2-y1)^2]
(3)点P(x0,y0)到直线l:Ax+By+C=0的距离公式d=|Ax0+By0+C|/sqr
(A^2+B^2)
(4)两平行直线l1:=Ax+By+C=0,l2=Ax+By+C2=0之间的距离d=|C1-
C2|/sqr(A^2+B^2)
同角三角函数的基本关系及诱导公式
sin(2_k_兀+a)=sin(a)
cos(2_k_兀+a)=cosa
tan(2_兀+a)=tana
sin(-a)=-sina,cos(-a)=cosa,tan(-a)=-tana
sin(2_兀-a)=-sina,cos(2_兀-a)=cosa,tan(2_兀-a)=-tana
sin(兀+a)=-sina
sin(兀-a)=sina
cos(兀+a)=-cosa
cos(兀-a)=-cosa
tan(兀+a)=tana
四、二倍角公式及其变形使用
1、二倍角公式
sin2a=2_sina_cosa
cos2a=(cosa)^2-(sina)^2=2_(cosa)^2-1=1-2_(sina)^2
tan2a=(2_tana)/[1-(tana)^2]
2、二倍角公式的变形
(cosa)^2=(1+cos2a)/2
(sina)^2=(1-cos2a)/2
tan(a/2)=sina/(1+cosa)=(1-cosa)/sina
五、正弦定理和余弦定理
正弦定理:
a/sinA=b/sinB=c/sinC
余弦定理:
a^2=b^2+c^2-2bccosA
b^2=a^2+c^2-2accosB
c^2=a^2+b^2-2abcosC
cosA=(b^2+c^2-a^2)/2bc
cosB=(a^2+c^2-b^2)/2ac
cosC=(a^2+b^2-c^2)/2ab
tan(兀-a)=-tana
sin(兀/2+a)=cosa
sin(兀/2-a)=cosa
cos(兀/2+a)=-sina
cos(兀/2-a)=sina
tan(兀/2+a)=-cota
tan(兀/2-a)=cota
(sina)^2+(cosa)^2=1
sina/cosa=tana
两角和与差的余弦公式
cos(a-b)=cosa_cosb+sina_sinb
cos(a-b)=cosa_cosb-sina_sinb
两角和与差的正弦公式
sin(a+b)=sina_cosb+cosa_sinb
sin(a-b)=sina_cosb-cosa_sinb
两角和与差的正切公式
tan(a+b)=(tana+tanb)/(1-tana_tanb)
tan(a-b)=(tana-tanb)/(1+tana_tanb)
篇5:高三物理知识点框架
一、三种常见的力
1、重力:由于地球对物体的吸引而产生的。大小:G=mg,方向:竖直向下,
作用点:重心(重力的等效作用点)
2、弹力
(1)、形变、弹性形变、定义等。
(2)、产生条件:
(3)、拉力、支持力、压力。(按照力的作用效果来命名的)
(4)、弹簧的弹力的大小和方向,胡克定律F=kx
(5)、可用假设法来判断是否存在弹力。
3、摩擦力
(1)、静摩擦力:①、产生条件②、方向判断
③、大小要用“力的平衡”或“牛顿运动定律”来解。
(2)滑动摩擦力:①、产生条件②、方向判断
③、大小:f=uN。也可用“力的平衡”或“牛顿运动定律”来解。
(3)、可用假设法来判断是否存在摩擦力。
二、力的合成
1、定义;由分力求合力的过程。
2、合成法则:平行四边形定则或三角形定则。
3、求合力的方法
①、作图法(用刻度尺和量角器) ②、计算法(通常是利用直角三角形)
2、合力与分力的大小关系
三、力的分解
1、分解法则:平行四边形定则或三角形定则、
2、分解原则:按照实际作用效果分解(即已知两分力的方向)
3、把一个已知力分解为两个分力
①、已知两个分力的方向,求两个分力的大小。(解是唯一的)
②、已知一个分力的大小和方向,求另一个分力的大小和方向,(解是唯一的)
(注意:通过作平行四边形或三角形判断)
4、合力和分力是“等效替代”的关系。
三、实验:探究求合力的方法(或“验证平行四边形定则”)
一、牛顿第一定律
1、内容:(揭示物体不受力或合力为零的情形)
2、两个概念:①、力
②、惯性:(一切物体都具有惯性,质量是惯性大小的唯一量)
二、牛顿第二定律
1、内容:(不能从纯数学的角度表述)
2、公式:F合=ma
3、理解牛顿第二定律的要点:
①、式中F是物体所受的一切外力的合力。②、矢量性③、瞬时性
④、独立性⑤、相对性
三、牛顿第三定律
作用力和反作用力的概念
1、内容
2、作用力和反作用力的特点:①等值、反向、共线、异点②瞬时对应③性质相同
④各自产生其作用效果
3、一对相互作用力与一对平衡力的异同点
四、力学单位制
1、力学基本物理量:长度(l)质量(m)时间(t)
力学基本单位:米(m)千克(kg)秒(s)
2、应用:用单位判断结果表达式,能肯定错误(但不能肯定正确)
五、动力学的两类问题。
1、已知物体的受力情况,求物体的运动情况(v0 v t x )
2、已知物体的运动情况,求物体的受力情况( F合或某个分力)
3、应用牛顿第二定律解决问题的一般思路
(1)明确研究对象。
(2)对研究对象进行受力情况分析,画出受力示意图。
(3)建立直角坐标系,以初速度的方向或运动方向为正方向,与正方向相同的力为正,与正方向相反的力为负。在Y轴和X轴分别列牛顿第二定律的方程。
(4)解方程时,所有物理量都应统一单位,一般统一为国际单位。
4、分析两类问题的基本方法
(1)抓住受力情况和运动情况之间联系的桥梁——加速度。
(2)分析流程图
六、平衡状态、平衡条件、推论
1、处理方法:解三角形法(合成法、分解法、相似三角形法、封闭三角形法)和正交分解法
2、若物体受三力平衡,封闭三角形法最简捷。若物体受四力或四力以上平衡,用正交分解法
七、超重和失重
1、超重现象和失重现象
2、超重指加速度向上(加速上升和减速下降),超了ma;失重指加速度向下(加速下降和减速上升),失ma。
高三物理复习技巧
高三物理的复习,考生要认真的阅读课本,夯实基础知识。同时注意做题要精而少,不要陷入题海战术。为了增强复习的针对性,物理一轮复习要做好定期总结。
一、认真阅读课本。课本中有一些简单问题需要学生自己阅读理解记忆,老师不讲并不代表这些问题不重要,高考不涉及,而是要自己结合课本复习效果更好。比如原子物理部分,该记忆的知识点较多但不难,自己记忆准确,理解透彻就不怕考题变化了。因为高考出题总是源于课本。
二、养成良好的复习习惯。课前预习到位;课中认真听讲、积极思考,要多问几个为什么,老师为什么这样做,怎么想到这样做,有没有其他做法等等;课后做题检测要敢于下手,善于推理,题目一看不会怎么办?再读题,再审题,从力和运动的交互关系入手再研究运动过程,多些假如,多些尝试。做到每晚一小结,每周一大结,一月一自测。
三、走出大量做题的误区。物理复习通过做题可以加深对概念、规律的理解,但并不是做题越多越好,做题不在多而在精。对相类似的题多做几道,关键是去体会题中所运用的方法的共性和区别,把握物理的内在联系,把握高中物理知识的衍生和发展规律,弄清知识的来龙去脉,从而做到对物理知识体系的深刻理解和掌握,达到对物理知识的灵活应用。
四、做好定期总结。为了避免所学知识被遗忘,每周都要把所学内容进行整理,隔一定时间要再回顾、重悟,只有这样才能做好知识的存储、完善高中物理学科知识体系,构建系统知识网络,在应用时才有内容可提取。
篇6:高考英语作文框架
第一段只写四句
第一句:It is … that …
第二句:You cannot … until you …
第三句:The more you …, the more …
第四句:If you …, you …
第二段举例写
第一句:Examples can be easily found to make a case for this proverb.
第二句:Let’s take … for instance.
第三句:…
第四句:Another illustration of this is…
篇7:高三历史知识点框架复习
1、纺织业主要成就:
(1)原料使用先后顺序:麻葛丝棉。
(2)丝绸之路:汉代开辟。丝绸远销以罗马为中心的地中海地区。
(3)唐代私营纺织作坊兴起,官营纺织业也有相当大的规模,朝廷征收民间纺织品的数量相当可观。
2、冶金业主要成就:
商周时期青铜器铸造工艺特点:分布广,规模大,水平高。战国以后以铁器为主,汉代冶铁开始使用煤炭做燃料,供风形式也发生了革命性的变化,由自然通风——人力皮囊——马排——水排(东汉、杜诗)。
3、制瓷业取得的主要成就:(会考要求掌握唐宋的成就即可)
(1)先有陶后有瓷
(2)陶器:
a、产生——原始时代彩陶
b、发展:山东龙山文化——蛋壳黑陶
c、独特技术——唐三彩
d、陶瓷过渡时期:商代中期到东汉晚期。
(3)瓷器:
a、唐代青瓷——九秋风露越窑开,夺得千峰翠色来
b、唐晚期长沙铜官窑首创彩绘工艺。
c、清朝:粉彩瓷器的工艺技术发明——康熙时期、顶峰——雍正时期
高三历史下册必修二知识点小结
1.秦朝:中央设三公九卿制,“三公”指丞相、太尉、御史大夫,分管行政、军事、秘书和监察;“九卿”是虚指,是中央各部门的专职官员。
2.隋唐:三省六部制由隋文帝确立,唐太宗完善,中书省草拟政令(中书发令),门下省审核批驳(门下审令),尚书省颁发执行(尚书行令),三省集权于皇帝;六部分吏、户、礼、兵、刑、工。三省六部制削弱了相权,提高了行政效率,是封建社会官制的重大变革。
3.宋元:
(1)北宋:按“分化事权”原则设三个副宰相,参知政事管行政,枢密使管军事,三司使管财政。
(2)辽:实行“蕃汉分治”,中央设北面官,由契丹人担任,管理契丹和其他少数民族;又设南面官,由契丹人或汉人担任,管理汉人和渤海人。
(3)西夏:实行党项官职和汉族官职分开的制度。
(4)元朝:在中央设中书省为全国行政机关(相当于秦朝丞相和唐朝尚书省),设枢密院为军事机关;设御史台为监察机关;设宣政院专管西藏和宗教事务。
篇8:高三政治知识点总结框架
1、货币的产生:货币是商品交换发展到一定阶段的产物;
2、货币的含义和本质:
(1)含义:货币是从商品中分离出来,固定地充当一般等价的商品。
(2)货币的本质是:一般等价物。
(一般等价物:能表现其他一切商品价值,充当商品交换媒介的商品。)了解。
3、货币的职能
(1)两个基本职能——价值尺度与流通手段
A、价值尺度职能
(1)含义:就是以货币作为尺度来表现和衡量其他一切商品价值的大小职能。
(原因:货币之所以能成为价值尺度,是因为货币也是商品,也有价值。)
(2)价格与价值的关系:
所谓价格是通过一定数量的货币表现出来的商品价值,叫做价格。价格是价值的货币表现,价值是价格的基础。在其他因素不变情况下,商品价格与价值成正比。
(3)货币执行价值尺度职能时,只是观念上的货币,不需要现实货币。
B、流通手段:
(1)含义:货币充当商品交换媒介的职能,叫做流通手段。
(2)要注意流通手段与商品流通的区别。以货币为媒介的商品交换,叫做商品流通。流通手段强调的是货币在商品交换中的作用,商品流通强调的是商品如何交换。
(3)作为流通手段的货币必须是现实的货币,不能是观念上的货币。
(2)货币在发展过程中又有了贮藏手段、支付手段、世界货币的职能。
4、流通中所需要的货币量的计算公式。
流通中所需要的货币量=商品的价格总额(即待售商品的数量×价格水平)/货币流通速度。
(这表明:流通中所需要的货币量,同商品的价格总额成正比例,而同货币流通速度成反比例。)
5、纸币的产生和发展:
(1)纸币是随着商品交换的发展而产生的。
(2)纸币的含义:它必须由国家(或某些地区)发行的、强制使用的价值符号。
(注意:纸币本身没有价值,它只是代替金属货币执行流通手段的职能。这里需要强调两点:一是由国家或特定地区发行的。二是国家强制使用的。纸币没有价值,之所以能代替货币行使流通手段,最主要原因就在于国家的强制力。)
6、通货膨胀和通货紧缩。
(1)纸币是由国家发行的,国家有权发行纸币,但不能任意发行任何数量的纸币。纸币的发行量必须以流通中所需要的货币数量为限度。
(2)通货膨胀指的是经济运行中出现的全面、持续的物价上涨的现象。如果纸币的发行量超过流通中所需要的货币量,会引起物价上涨,影响人民的生活或社会经济秩序。
(注意:通货膨胀的产生原因很多,不仅仅与纸币的发行量太多有关,也与其他因素有关,如成本上升、总需求太大等。)
(3)通货紧缩是一种与通货膨胀相反的经济现象,表现为物价全面、持续的下跌的经济现象。通常伴随着经济衰退。
高三政治复习知识点要点
一、世界是永恒发展的(发展的普遍性原理)
1、原理:世界上一切事物都处在永不停息的运动、变化和发展的过程中,整个世界就是一个无限变化和永恒发展着的物质世界。发展的实质是事物的前进和上升,是新事物的产生和旧事物的灭亡。
2、方法论:要求我们用发展的观点看问题。
【注意】
①事物间相互联系相互作用引起事物的变化,推动事物的发展
②事物都是运动变化的,但并非任何运动变化都是发展。
二、用发展的观点看问题:
1、前途是光明的,道路是曲折的(事物发展的总趋势原理)
(1)事物发展的前途是光明的
原因:
①新事物是符合客观规律、具有强大生命力和远大前途的事物(最根本原因)。
②新事物是在旧事物的母体中孕育产生,它克服了旧事物中消极的、过时的、腐朽的东西,汲取了其中积极的、合理的因素,并增添了为旧事物所不能容纳的新内容。因而,具有旧事物所无可比拟的优越性。
③在社会历史领域,新事物符合历史发展的必然趋势,反映了社会进步的基本要求,符合人民群众的根本利益和要求,得到人民群众的支持和拥护。因此,新事物必然战胜旧事物。
(2)事物发展的道路是曲折的
原因:
①新事物的发展总要经历一个由小到大、由不完善到比较完善的过程。
②人们对新事物的认识也有一个过程。
③旧事物在开始时往往比较强大,总是顽强抵抗和极力扼杀新事物。因此,新事物的战胜旧事物必然经历一个漫长和曲折的过程。
总之,事物发展的方向是前进的、上升的,道路是曲折的、迂回的。
(3)方法论要求:我们既要对未来充满信心,热情支持和悉心保护新事物的幼芽,促使其成长壮大,又要做好充分的思想准备,不断克服前进道路上的困难,勇敢地接受挫折和考验。
2、量变与质变的辩证关系
(1)区别:量变和质变是事物发展过程中两种不同的状态。量变是指事物数量的增减和场所的变更,是一种渐进的、不显著的变化。质变是指事物根本性质的变化,是事物由一种质态向另一种质态的飞跃,是一种根本的、显著的变化。
(2)联系:
①事物的发展总是从量变开始,量变是质变的必要准备,质变是量变的必然结果;质变又为新的量变开辟道路,使事物在新质的基础上开始新的量变。
②事物的发展就是这样由量变到质变,又在新质的基础上开始新的量变,如此循环往复,不断前进。
(3)方法论要求:
①积极做好量的积累,为客观事物质变创造条件。
②要抓住时机,促成质变,实现事物的飞跃和发展。
③坚持适度原则。
篇9:自考英语题型框架
自考英语题型框架
自考题型框架:历年固定的题型由六部分构成:
part i vocabulary and structure 词汇与结构
part ii reading comprehension 阅读理解
part iii chinese-english translation of words 单词汉译英
part iv verb forms 动词填空
part v english-chinese translation of sentences 句子英译汉
part vi english-chinese translation of sentences 句子汉译英
考试内容分析:
词汇:
无论哪一阶段的考试,考卷中都有相应的词汇试题,这是因为一定的词汇量是掌握一门语言的基础。
自考大纲中规定:专科阶段应掌握约3000个单词(包括中学阶段约1600个)和词组约500个。词汇量是日常积累而来的,也是考前突击背出来的。这部分往往大家平时花费时间最多,但最终结果却又总是不尽如人意。原因呢,其实大家自己也都明白,生词太多,常常是背完了后面的,前面的已 经忘得差不多了;考前觉得都记住了,可拿到卷子以后忽然发现,四个选项每个都象是正确答案,犹豫再三,最后还是选了一个错的。要想解决这个问题,首先要明确这部分主要的考点是什么。
词汇部分有两种题型:
一、单词汉译英。考题中共给出了20个单词,并已标明它们的词性和首字母。这种题型初看似乎漫无边际,让人无从下手,但其实它考察的范围比大纲要求的3000/3800要小得多,因为历年考题都只考察实词,而实词中又以名词、动词、形容词、副词为主, 并且,考察又以常用词为主,所以大家在平常的学习和复习中,重点是对常用实词的掌握,并要求对一些基本词缀如-ful,-ness,-ly,-in,-un,-en 等有较明确的认识,这样,如果考题中出现了某个常见词的不太常见的同根词时,你也不至于痛失分数。
二、单项选择。这种题型是和语法的单项选择是放在一起的,所以其中往往混杂着语法和语境的因素,所以首先要注意对句子的理解。其次,这种题不外两种类型:形近词和意近词。
应考技巧:
在平时的学习复习中有意识地把形近词放在一起记,在具体的例句中记,记清楚了,就不会有一字母成千古恨的情况发生。至于意近词,要求大家对一些近义词之间细微的意思上的差别以及语法上的用法不止要了解,还要会运用,分清各词之间的`细微差别。
语法。语法测试的题型共有两类:
1、用所给动词的适当形式填空。
2、单项选择。
两种题型中以第一种考察范围最窄,限于动词的时态、语态、现在分词,过去分词,动名词、不定式。
大家在复习时可列一个表帮助记忆:do, does, doing, done, to do以及各种形式啊在不同时态语态中的用法。这样,每遇到一个新的动词,就可以想一想它的不同形式,逐步积累下来,考试的时候就可以轻松过关了。
第二种考察的内容可以包罗所有的英语语法,但大家不必对之望而生畏,它的范围不会超出我们所学的基本语法范畴,而且其考察重点也是非常有规律可循的。
篇10:英语作文:议论文的框架
(1) 不同观点列举型( 选择型 )
There is a widespread concern over the issue that __作文题目_____. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic
varies from person to person. A majority of people think that _ 观点一________. In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude
as follows: in the first place, ___原因一_______.Furthermore, in the second place, ___原因二_____. So it goes without saying that ___观点一_____.
People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter.
Some people hold the idea that ___观点二_______. In their point of view, on the one hand, ___原因一_______. On the other hand, ____原因二_____. Therefore, there is no
doubt that ___观点二______.
As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __观点一
或二______. It is not only because ________, but also because _________. The more
_______, the more ________.
(2)利弊型的议论文
Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)___作文题目______. In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题_____. G英语作文模板:说明利弊题型
这种题型往往要求先说明一下现状,再对比事物本身的利弊,有时也会单从一个
角度(利或弊)出发,最后往往要求考生表明自己的态度(或对事物前景提出预测)
1. 说明事物现状
2. 事物本身的优缺点(或一方面)
3. 你对现状(或前景)的看法
Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role in our daily life.
Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows. First ----------------(A的优点之一). Besides -------------------(A的优点之二).
But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent. One of
the important disadvantages is that ----------------(A的第一个缺点).To make matters worse,------------------(A的第二个缺点).
Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the
negative ones. Therefore, I would like to ---------------(我的看法).
(From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A, we
should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in.
Only by this way, ---------------(对前景的预测).
篇11:英语作文:议论文的框架
英语作文模板:议论文的框架
(1)不同观点列举型(选择型)There is a widespread concern over the issue that __作文题目_____. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic
varies from person to person. A majority of people think that _观点一________. In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude
as follows: in the first place, ___原因一_______.Furthermore, in the second place, ___原因二_____. So it goes without saying that ___观点一_____.
People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter.
Some people hold the idea that ___观点二_______. In their point of view, on the one hand,___原因一_______. On the other hand, ____原因二_____. Therefore, there is no
doubt that ___观点二______.
As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __观点一
或二______. It is not only because ________, but also because _________. The more
_______, the more ________.
(2)利弊型的议论文
Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)___作文题目______. In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题_____. Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive
aspects as follows. Firstly, ___优点一______. And secondly ___优点二_____.
Just As a popular saying goes, ”every coin has two sides“, __讨论议题______ is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To
begin with, ___缺点一______. In addition, ____缺点二______.
To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of __讨论议题____ into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same
time. In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ____讨论议题___.
( 3 )答题性议论文
Currently, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)__作文题目_______ .It is really an important concern to every one of us. As a result, we
must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem.
As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this
problem. First of all, __途径一______. In addition, another way contributing to success of the solving
problem is ___途径二_____.
Above all, to solve the problem of ___作文题目______, we should find a number of various ways. But as far as I am
concerned, I would prefer to solve the problem in this way, that is to say,
____方法_____.
( 4 )谚语警句性议论文
It is well know to us that the proverb: ” ___谚语_______“ has a profound significance and value not only in our job but also
in our study. It means ____谚语的含义_______. The saying can be illustrated through a series of examples as
follows. ( also theoretically )
A case in point is ___例子一______. Therefore, it is goes without saying that it is of great of importance
to practice the proverb ____谚语_____.
With the rapid development of science and technology in China, an
increasing number of people come to realize that it is also of practical use
to stick to the saying: ____谚语_____. The more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying,
the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job.
篇12:各类体裁英语四级作文框架
观点型作文框架
第一段一般只写三句
第一句:it is widely believed that by many people for some time that ...
第二句:one reason they think is that...
第三句:the ohter reason they hold is that...
第二段一般只写三句
第一句:while others argue that ...
第二句:they maintain that...
第三句:they also claim that...
第三段写四句
第一句:from what has been discussed above, we may come to the conclusion that ...
第二句:on the one hand, ...
第三句:on the other hand, ...
第四句:only in this way can we ...
篇13:英语图表作文的框架
_______as is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage in the table(graph/picture/pie/chart), ___作文题目的议题_____ has been on rise/ decrease (goes up/increases/drops/decreases),significantly/dramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from______ in _______ to ______ in _____.
From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that ________.
There are at least two good reasons accounting for ______. On the one hand, ________. On the other hand, _______ is due to the fact that ________.
In addition, ________ is responsible for _______. Maybe there are some other reasons to show ________. But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing.
As far as I am concerned, I hold the point of view that _______. I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.
图表类英语写作【2】
01 题型
今年全国大学生英语竞赛的命题大纲上,关于小作文部分是这样写的:
“第一道赛题是小作文,分值为10分,主要以应用文和描述性作文为主。
应用文多以信函、通知、广告等内容出现;描述性作文多以给出数据、图表等素材,要求参赛者对所给材料进行描述说明来作文,本部分作文主要考察参赛者对信息的捕捉并用英语进行准确描述的能力。”
英语竞赛&BEC有字数上限,超过上限扣分。
百度了一下之前的竞赛题,竟然从08~都是考的应用文,从letter到email到notice等等,这样看来图表题目前只连续考了3年,应该还没过气?加上今年的'样题是图表,应该考图表的概率还是会大一些吧?(虽然样题是写信,但是初赛仍然考了图表…)反正今天就是讲一下图表!!要是明天真的考了应用文,我就只能装傻了…
图表类主要是柱状图(Bar Chart)、折线图(LIne Chart)、饼状图(Pie Chart)和细目表(Table Chart)四种。
柱状图&折线图:变化趋势&特殊数据
饼状图&细目表:各项占比&相互比较
下面也把14-17的4套题分这两类举栗子了!
02 通用
结构
开头:一句话,说明图表描述了什么
正文:描述
结尾:一句话,整体性总结
读图
1. 注意横、纵轴各自表示什么(柱&线);
2. 注意单位;
3. 注意最大、最小值。
句式
开头:
The ___ chart(s) / graph demonstrate(s) / show(s) / 别的同义词 + 图表描述的对象
(第一个空就是看这是啥图or表,bar还是line还是pie等等)
正文:
趋势,有规律的show a relatively steady trend, 万一里面有个突变就except它,或者是sudden / rapid / sharp rise / increase / fall / decline等等这样;没规律可能就先说一句它fluctuate,然后具体怎么啥时候rise啥时候fall,都介绍一下(同时注意字数不要超啊!)
占比,先说谁最多,大概占了多少~然后别人分别多少多少,可以降序写吧,但是不要每一项写一个句子,太僵硬了!可以用As for A,是多少or占比多少, while B占了多少,这种一句写几项的句式~然后最后谁最少还是要说明一下它“最少”的地位
结尾:
In a word / In conclusion / To sum up 等等你们懂的词, it is clear that + 你的结论. (饼状图的话可以就说一个最有特色的数据这样!)
用词
1. 占多少
应该无论哪种题里面都是最常用的了~
take up、account for、make up、contribute to、comprise、constitute等等
2. 比重
数字+percent(不能加s!)
the percentage of XX is XX
proportion、rate、share也是比例的意思
另外,特殊比重可以特殊表达:
25%=a quarter
33%=one/a third
50%=half
67%=two thirds
75%=three quarters
实际应用的时候,这些分数±5%同样可以这样表达,用slightly over / under这五个分数,既丰富了表达,又很符合学术表达。
表示“占同样比例”可以用:
A accounts for the same percentage as B.
The proportion of A is as high as B.
A and B contributed equally / evenly to all.
3.排序
第一/最小:the largest/biggest proportion of
第二:the second/next + 最高级(largest等等)
第三四五六:followed closely by
最低/最小 the smallest percent of all
“接下来”通用的:Next comes… / … comes next / It is followed by… / This is followed by…
03 四套题
柱状图&折线图
根据这三年的真题&今年样题分析,柱状图还是很热门的,但是折线貌似暂时没考过…
15年真题
看清楚单位是万人,英语表达的“万”是“十千”,不要直接在数字后面加个thousand就完事哈!
趋势的话这个就比较平稳,然后突变在那个,而且注意那个是预测值!和之前几年的统计数据不一样的!
样题
感觉今年变难了,因为不仅有两个图,第一个图还有两种数据要加图例了…正文部分还是该怎么答就怎么答吧,只是注意字数!最后结尾的部分,总结的时候就可以给两幅图来个比较,国际旅游和国内旅游比怎么样,国际旅行中外国游客和中国游客比又怎么样
饼状图&细目表
14年真题
英国人租房花钱最多,存钱最少,这句话就可以做总结了…正文地方就按上面的说法随意描述一下
真题
这个蜜汁图表我也不知道该叫啥,但是功能其实跟一个没有写出百分比的饼状图差不多…写法也就差不多大家自己思考一下
04 小结
注意字数
篇14:图表类英语作文框架
图表类英语作文框架
第一段只写三句
第一句:As is shown in the graph above, we can see clearly that great changes have taken place in … from…to…
第二句:The first … years saw…
第三句:The last … years witnessed …
第二段只写四句
第一句:What has caused this problem? It seems to me that there are … reasons。
第二句:Firstly, …
第三句:Secondly,…
第四句:Finally,…
第三段只写四句
第一句:How to solve the problem has become a hot issue among many people。
第二句:For one thing, …
第三句:For another, …
第四句:Only in this way can we successfully solve the problem。
篇15:各类题材英语四级作文框架
第一段只写四句
第一句:It is … that …
第二句:You cannot … until you …
第三句:The more you …, the more …
第四句:If you …, you …
第二段举例写
第一句:Examples can be easily found to make a case for this proverb.
第二句:Let’s take … for instance.
第三句:…
第四句:Another illustration of this is…
四六级写作中绝对用得到的词汇及短语
一些a range of ; a variety of ; a series of ; an array of
无数innumerable ; countless
许多plenty of ; many ; much ; a great deal of ; a lot of ; ample
非常多(大)的tremendous
依序列举list in sequence
时间词
过时的outdated ; antiquated ; outmoded ; obsolete ; anachronistic
短暂的ephemeral ; transitory ; transient ; short-lived
不合时宜的anachronism
可持久的durable ; able to stand wear ; last a long time
一再time after time ; again and again
初始的preliminary
前述的aforementioned ; aforesaid ; former
自古到今from ancient times to the present day ; down through the ages
年轻人young people ; youngster ; youth ; young adult
老式的old-fashioned ; out of date ; dated
偶尔from time to time ; now and then ; once in a while ; at times
时常often ; frequently ; repeatedly
永远的eternal ; perpetual ; lasting throughout life
重整办事优先顺序reshape priorities
目前so far ; by far
一次就可完成的事one-time event
正/反意见(opinion)
骂yell at ; reprimand ; chide ; scold ; reprove
支持support ; endorse ; back up ; uphold
谴责condemn ; express strong disapproval of
错的mistaken ; erroneous ; wrong incorrect
错事wrongdoing ; had acts ; misbehavior
做相反的do the reverse of ; do the opposite
归咎blame…on ; put the blame on … ; …is to blame
瓦解disintegrate ; break up ; separate into small parts
支持某一方in favor of ; on the side of
不会犯错的infallible
意见不和clashes of opinion
一致的unanimous ; in complete agreement
不恰当inappropriate ; improper ; unsuitable ; inadequate
批判criticize ; blame; find fault with ; make judgments of the merits and faults of…
我们想念…we are convinced that…; we are certain that..
我愿意I incline to; I am inclined to; I am willing to; I tend to
有用的useful ; of use; serviceable; good for; instrumental; productive
有意义的meaningful; fulfilling
他们不愿承认这一点they have always been reluctant to admit this…
在大家同意下by common consent of…
否定deny; withhold; negate
承认admit; acknowledge; confess; concede
于事无补of no help; of no avail; no use
使…受益benefit…; do good to…; is good for…; is of great benefit to…
想法frame of mind; mind set; the way one is thinking
想出come up with
找出come up with; find out
利用use; take advantage of
夸耀brag about; boast about; show off; speak too highly of
照顾take care of; take charge of; attend to; watch over
对…很了解have a deep knowledge of…
对抗权威stand up against authority; resisit boldly the authority
对…有信心have confidence in
篇16:英语作文图表作文的框架
英语作文图表作文的框架
As is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage in the table(graph/picture/pie/chart),
___作文题目的议题_____ has been on rise/ decrease (goesup/increases/drops/decreases),significantly/dramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from______ in _______.
From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that ________.
There are at least two good reasons accounting for ______.
On the one hand, ________. On the other hand, _______ is due to the fact that ________. In addition, ________ is responsible for _______. Maybe there are some other reasons to show ________.
But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing.
As far as I am concerned, I hold the point of view that _______.
I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.
篇17:考研英语书信作文经典框架
一、投诉信
Dear ______,
①I am ______(自我介绍). ②I feel bad to trouble you but I am afraid that I have to make a complaint about.
③The reason for my dissatisfaction is ______(总体介绍). ④In the first place, ______(抱怨的第一个方面). ⑤In addition, ______(抱怨的第二个方面). ⑥Under these circumstances, I find it ______(感觉)to______(抱怨的方面给你带来的后果).
⑦I appreciate it very much if you could ______(提出建议和请求), preferably ______(进一步的要求), and I would like to have this matter settled by ______(设定解决事情最后期限). ⑧Thank you for your consideration and I will be looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
二、求职信
Dear Sir or Madam,
①I write this letter to apply for the position that you have advertised in ______(报纸名称)of ______(广告发布时间).
②Not only do I have the qualifications for this job, but I also have the right personality for a ______(工作名称).
③In the one hand, ______(第一个原因). ④On the other hand, ______(另一个原因).
⑤Should you grant me a personal interview, I would be most grateful. ⑥If you need to know more about me, please feel free to contact me at any time at ______(电话号码).
⑦Thank you for considering my application, and I am looking forward to meeting you.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
三、建议信
Dear ______,
①You have asked me for my advice with regard to ______ , and I will try to make some conductive suggestions here.
②In my humble opinion, you would be wise to take the following actions: ______(建议的内容).
③I hope you will find these proposals useful, and I would be ready to discuss this matter with you to further details.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
四、请求信
Dear ______ ,
①I am writing to formally request to ______(请求的内容).
②The reason for ______is that ______(给出原因). ③I ______ , so I ______(给出细节).
④I would also like to request ______(提出进一步的要求). ⑤I am sorry for any inconvenience I have caused.
⑥Thank you for your attention to these requests. ⑦If you have any questions, do not hesitate to contact me at ______(电话号码). ⑧I look forward to a favorable reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
五、邀请信
Dear ______ ,
①There will be a ______(内容)at/in ______(地点)on ______(时间). ②We would be honored to have you there with us.
③The occasion will start at ______(具体时间). ④This will be followed by a ______(进一步的安排). ⑤At around ______(时间), ______(另一个安排).
⑥I really hope you can make it. ⑦RSVP before ______(通知你的最后期限).
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
六、道歉信
Dear ______,
①I am truly sorry that ______(道歉的原因).
②The reason is that ______(介绍原因). ③Once again, I am sorry for any inconvenience caused. ④Hope you can accept my appologies and understand my situation.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
七、感谢信
Dear ______ ,
①I am writing to extend my sincere gratitude for ______(感谢的原因). ②If it had not been for your assistance in ______(对方给予的具体帮助), I fear that I would have been ______(没有对方帮助时的后果).
③Every one agrees that it was you who ______(给出细节).
④Again, I would like to express my warm thanks to you! Please accept my gratitude.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
八、询问信
Dear ______ ,
①I am ______(自我介绍). ②I am writing to see if it is possible for you to provide me with information regarding ______(要询问的内容).
③First of all, what are ______(第一个问题)? ④Secondly, when will ______(第二个问题)? ⑤Thirdly, is ______(第三个问题)?
⑥I would also like to inquire ______(将最重要的问题单独成段). ⑦Could you be so kind as to send me some relevant booklets on the above-mentioned aspects?
⑧Thank you for you kindness, and your prompt attention to this letter will be highly appreciated.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
九、推荐信(求职/求学)
Dear ______ ,
①It affords me much pleasure to recommend ______(要推荐的人)to you.②During his/her graduate years he/she was my ______ . ③As his/her ______ I found him/her ______(介绍与此人的关系).
④His/Her performance in the school years was outstanding. ⑤First, he/she had been and showed great talents in ______ . ⑥In addition, he/she has a very pleasant personality. ⑦He has developed a strong sense of ______, and working with him is always. ⑧I can state that he/she has all the qualities of being ______.(介绍此人的能力)
⑨Therefore, I here recommend him/her to you with all my heart. ⑩Should you favor him/her with a position in your company/Should you accept him/her in your university?I am sure that his/her future conduct/academic work will prove worthy of your confidence. I look forward to hearing from you at the earliest possible moment.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
十、祝贺信
Dear ______ ,
①I have learned with delight that you ______(祝贺事由). ②I would like to extend to you my utmost congratulations on ______. ③You must be ______. ④And I feel very happy for you.
⑤ ______(所取得的成绩)is quite exciting news! ⑥I know this is surely owing to ______(被祝贺人过去的努力).⑦It is a reward you richly deserve for your ______(被祝贺人的优点).
⑧Kindly let me know when you ______(咨询对方何时有空).⑨I hope ______(表达自己的愿望). ⑩My best wishes for your further success.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
1.考研英语画图作文写作框架整理
2.考研英语作文话题及首段写作框架
3.2017考研英语书信作文真题演练
4.2017考研英语作文经典话题
5.2017考研英语作文第三段及结尾写作框架
6.2016考研英语书信常见表达汇总
7.考研英语书信写作高分句型集锦
8.2017考研英语作文经典句子【选登】
9.2017考研英语经典作文话题汇总
10.2017考研英语作文经典首尾句汇总
篇18:高三数学重要知识点框架整合
高三数学重要知识点框架整合
1、函数的奇偶性
(1)若f(x)是偶函数,那么f(x)=f(—x);
(2)若f(x)是奇函数,0在其定义域内,则f(0)=0(可用于求参数);
(3)判断函数奇偶性可用定义的等价形式:f(x)±f(—x)=0或(f(x)≠0);
(4)若所给函数的解析式较为复杂,应先化简,再判断其奇偶性;
(5)奇函数在对称的单调区间内有相同的单调性;偶函数在对称的单调区间内有相反的单调性;
2、复合函数的有关问题
(1)复合函数定义域求法:若已知的定义域为[a,b],其复合函数f[g(x)]的定义域由不等式a≤g(x)≤b解出即可;若已知f[g(x)]的定义域为[a,b],求f(x)的定义域,相当于x∈[a,b]时,求g(x)的值域(即f(x)的定义域);研究函数的问题一定要注意定义域优先的原则。
(2)复合函数的单调性由“同增异减”判定;
3、函数图像(或方程曲线的对称性)
(1)证明函数图像的对称性,即证明图像上任意点关于对称中心(对称轴)的对称点仍在图像上;
(2)证明图像C1与C2的对称性,即证明C1上任意点关于对称中心(对称轴)的对称点仍在C2上,反之亦然;
(3)曲线C1:f(x,y)=0,关于y=x+a(y=—x+a)的对称曲线C2的方程为f(y—a,x+a)=0(或f(—y+a,—x+a)=0);
(4)曲线C1:f(x,y)=0关于点(a,b)的对称曲线C2方程为:f(2a—x,2b—y)=0;
(5)若函数y=f(x)对x∈R时,f(a+x)=f(a—x)恒成立,则y=f(x)图像关于直线x=a对称;
(6)函数y=f(x—a)与y=f(b—x)的图像关于直线x=对称;
4、函数的周期性
(1)y=f(x)对x∈R时,f(x+a)=f(x—a)或f(x—2a)=f(x)(a>0)恒成立,则y=f(x)是周期为2a的周期函数;
(2)若y=f(x)是偶函数,其图像又关于直线x=a对称,则f(x)是周期为2|a|的周期函数;
(3)若y=f(x)奇函数,其图像又关于直线x=a对称,则f(x)是周期为4|a|的周期函数;
(4)若y=f(x)关于点(a,0),(b,0)对称,则f(x)是周期为2的周期函数;
(5)y=f(x)的图象关于直线x=a,x=b(a≠b)对称,则函数y=f(x)是周期为2的周期函数;
(6)y=f(x)对x∈R时,f(x+a)=—f(x)(或f(x+a)=,则y=f(x)是周期为2的周期函数;
5、方程k=f(x)有解k∈D(D为f(x)的值域);
6、a≥f(x)恒成立a≥[f(x)]max,;a≤f(x)恒成立a≤[f(x)]min;
7、(1)(a>0,a≠1,b>0,n∈R+);
(2)logaN=(a>0,a≠1,b>0,b≠1);
(3)logab的符号由口诀“同正异负”记忆;
(4)alogaN=N(a>0,a≠1,N>0);
8、判断对应是否为映射时,抓住两点:
(1)A中元素必须都有象且;
(2)B中元素不一定都有原象,并且A中不同元素在B中可以有相同的象;
9、能熟练地用定义证明函数的单调性,求反函数,判断函数的奇偶性。
10、对于反函数,应掌握以下一些结论:
(1)定义域上的单调函数必有反函数;
(2)奇函数的反函数也是奇函数;
(3)定义域为非单元素集的偶函数不存在反函数;
(4)周期函数不存在反函数;
(5)互为反函数的两个函数具有相同的单调性;
(6)y=f(x)与y=f—1(x)互为反函数,设f(x)的定义域为A,值域为B,则有f[f——1(x)]=x(x∈B),f——1[f(x)]=x(x∈A);
11、处理二次函数的问题勿忘数形结合:二次函数在闭区间上必有最值,求最值问题用“两看法”:一看开口方向;二看对称轴与所给区间的相对位置关系;
12、依据单调性:利用一次函数在区间上的保号性可解决求一类参数的范围问题;
13、恒成立问题的处理方法
(1)分离参数法;
(2)转化为一元二次方程的根的分布列不等式(组)求解;
高三数学复习知识点
(1)先看“充分条件和必要条件”
当命题“若p则q”为真时,可表示为p=>q,则我们称p为q的充分条件,q是p的必要条件。这里由p=>q,得出p为q的充分条件是容易理解的。
但为什么说q是p的必要条件呢?
事实上,与“p=>q”等价的逆否命题是“非q=>非p”。它的意思是:若q不成立,则p一定不成立。这就是说,q对于p是必不可少的,因而是必要的。
(2)再看“充要条件”
若有p=>q,同时q=>p,则p既是q的充分条件,又是必要条件。简称为p是q的充要条件。记作p<=>q
(3)定义与充要条件
数学中,只有A是B的充要条件时,才用A去定义B,因此每个定义中都包含一个充要条件。如“两组对边分别平行的四边形叫做平行四边形”这一定义就是说,一个四边形为平行四边形的充要条件是它的两组对边分别平行。
显然,一个定理如果有逆定理,那么定理、逆定理合在一起,可以用一个含有充要条件的语句来表示。
“充要条件”有时还可以改用“当且仅当”来表示,其中“当”表示“充分”。“仅当”表示“必要”。
(4)一般地,定义中的条件都是充要条件,判定定理中的条件都是充分条件,性质定理中的“结论”都可作为必要条件。
高三数学专题复习知识点大全
(1)先看“充分条件和必要条件”
当命题“若p则q”为真时,可表示为p=>q,则我们称p为q的充分条件,q是p的必要条件。这里由p=>q,得出p为q的充分条件是容易理解的。
但为什么说q是p的必要条件呢?
事实上,与“p=>q”等价的逆否命题是“非q=>非p”。它的意思是:若q不成立,则p一定不成立。这就是说,q对于p是必不可少的,因而是必要的。
(2)再看“充要条件”
若有p=>q,同时q=>p,则p既是q的充分条件,又是必要条件。简称为p是q的充要条件。记作p<=>q
回忆一下初中学过的“等价于”这一概念;如果从命题A成立可以推出命题B成立,反过来,从命题B成立也可以推出命题A成立,那么称A等价于B,记作A<=>B。“充要条件”的含义,实际上与“等价于”的含义完全相同。也就是说,如果命题A等价于命题B,那么我们说命题A成立的充要条件是命题B成立;同时有命题B成立的充要条件是命题A成立。
(3)定义与充要条件
数学中,只有A是B的充要条件时,才用A去定义B,因此每个定义中都包含一个充要条件。如“两组对边分别平行的四边形叫做平行四边形”这一定义就是说,一个四边形为平行四边形的充要条件是它的两组对边分别平行。
显然,一个定理如果有逆定理,那么定理、逆定理合在一起,可以用一个含有充要条件的语句来表示。
“充要条件”有时还可以改用“当且仅当”来表示,其中“当”表示“充分”。“仅当”表示“必要”。
(4)一般地,定义中的条件都是充要条件,判定定理中的条件都是充分条件,性质定理中的“结论”都可作为必要条件。
篇19:高三数学必考知识点框架整合
1.等差数列的定义
如果一个数列从第2项起,每一项与它的前一项的差等于同一个常数,那么这个数列就叫做等差数列,这个常数叫做等差数列的公差,通常用字母d表示.
2.等差数列的通项公式
若等差数列{an}的首项是a1,公差是d,则其通项公式为an=a1+(n-1)d.
3.等差中项
如果A=(a+b)/2,那么A叫做a与b的等差中项.
4.等差数列的常用性质
(1)通项公式的推广:an=am+(n-m)d(n,m∈N_).
(2)若{an}为等差数列,且m+n=p+q,
则am+an=ap+aq(m,n,p,q∈N_).
(3)若{an}是等差数列,公差为d,则ak,ak+m,ak+2m,…(k,m∈N_)是公差为md的等差数列.
(4)数列Sm,S2m-Sm,S3m-S2m,…也是等差数列.
(5)S2n-1=(2n-1)an.
(6)若n为偶数,则S偶-S奇=nd/2;
若n为奇数,则S奇-S偶=a中(中间项).
注意:
一个推导
利用倒序相加法推导等差数列的前n项和公式:
Sn=a1+a2+a3+…+an,①
Sn=an+an-1+…+a1,②
①+②得:Sn=n(a1+an)/2
两个技巧
已知三个或四个数组成等差数列的一类问题,要善于设元.
(1)若奇数个数成等差数列且和为定值时,可设为…,a-2d,a-d,a,a+d,a+2d,….
(2)若偶数个数成等差数列且和为定值时,可设为…,a-3d,a-d,a+d,a+3d,…,其余各项再依据等差数列的定义进行对称设元.
四种方法
等差数列的判断方法
(1)定义法:对于n≥2的任意自然数,验证an-an-1为同一常数;
(2)等差中项法:验证2an-1=an+an-2(n≥3,n∈N_)都成立;
(3)通项公式法:验证an=pn+q;
(4)前n项和公式法:验证Sn=An2+Bn.
注:后两种方法只能用来判断是否为等差数列,而不能用来证明等差数列.
高三数学上册知识点大全
反三角函数主要是三个:
y=arcsin(x),定义域[-1,1],值域[-π/2,π/2]图象用红色线条;
y=arccos(x),定义域[-1,1],值域[0,π],图象用蓝色线条;
y=arctan(x),定义域(-∞,+∞),值域(-π/2,π/2),图象用绿色线条;
sin(arcsinx)=x,定义域[-1,1],值域[-1,1]arcsin(-x)=-arcsinx
其他公式:
三角函数其他公式
arcsin(-x)=-arcsinx
arccos(-x)=π-arccosx
arctan(-x)=-arctanx
arccot(-x)=π-arccotx
arcsinx+arccosx=π/2=arctanx+arccotx
sin(arcsinx)=x=cos(arccosx)=tan(arctanx)=cot(arccotx)
当x∈[—π/2,π/2]时,有arcsin(sinx)=x
当x∈[0,π],arccos(cosx)=x
x∈(—π/2,π/2),arctan(tanx)=x
x∈(0,π),arccot(cotx)=x
x〉0,arctanx=π/2-arctan1/x,arccotx类似
若(arctanx+arctany)∈(—π/2,π/2),则arctanx+arctany=arctan(x+y/1-xy)
篇20:高考英语作文:议论文的框架
2013年高考英语作文模板:议论文的框架
(1) 不同观点列举型( 选择型)
There is a widespread concern over the issue that __作文题目_____. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. A majority of people think that _ 观点一________. In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, ___原因一_______.Furthermore, in the second place, ___原因二_____. So it goes without saying that ___观点一_____.
People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter. Some people hold the idea that ___观点二_______. In their point of view, on the one hand, ___原因一_______. On the other hand, ____原因二_____. Therefore, there is no doubt that ___观点二______.
As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __观点一或二______. It is not only because ________, but also because _________. The more _______, the more ________.
(2)利弊型的议论文
Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)___作文题目______. In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题_____. Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows. Firstly, ___优点一______. And secondly ___优点二_____.
Just As a popular saying goes, ”every coin has two sides“, __讨论议题______ is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To begin with, ___缺点一______. In addition, ____缺点二______.
To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of __讨论议题____ into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time. In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ____讨论议题___.
( 3 ) 答题性议论文
Currently, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)__作文题目_______ .It is really an important concern to every one of us. As a result, we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem.
As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this problem. First of all, __途径一______. In addition, another way contributing to success of the solving problem is ___途径二_____.
Above all, to solve the problem of ___作文题目______, we should find a number of various ways. But as far as I am concerned, I would prefer to solve the problem in this way, that is to say, ____方法_____.
( 4 ) 谚语警句性议论文
It is well know to us that the proverb: ” ___谚语_______" has a profound significance and value not only in our job but also in our study. It means ____谚语的含义_______. The saying can be illustrated through a series of examples as follows. ( also theoretically )
A case in point is ___例子一______. Therefore, it is goes without saying that it is of great of importance to practice the proverb ____谚语_____.
With the rapid development of science and technology in China, an increasing number of people come to realize that it is also of practical use to stick to the saying: ____谚语_____. The more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job..
【高三作文框架英语】相关文章:
1.英语作文框架
5.高二作文框架
6.初中作文框架
7.英语高三作文
10.活动高三英语作文






文档为doc格式