初一英语语法重点总结

“开心武侠已V化”通过精心收集，向本站投稿了12篇初一英语语法重点总结，以下是小编为大家整理后的初一英语语法重点总结，希望对您有所帮助。

篇1：初一英语语法重点总结

初一英语语法重点总结

时态

1、一般现在时表示普遍、经常性的`或长期性的动作时使用一般现在时，它有：

Be动词：

She’saworker.Issheaworker?Sheisn’taworker.

情态动词：

Icanplaythepiano.Canyouplaythepiano?Ican’tplaythepiano.

行为动词：

Theywanttoeatsometomatoes.Dotheywanttoeatanytomatoes?Theydon’twanttoeatanytomatoes.

Ginahasanicewatch.DoesGinahaveanicewatch?Ginadoesn’thaveawatch.

2、现在进行时

表示动词在此时正在发生或进行就使用进行时态，结构为sbbev-ingsth+其它.

I’mplayingbaseball.Areyouplayingbaseball?I’mnotplayingbaseball.

Nancyiswritingaletter.IsNancywritingaletter?Nancyisn’twritingaletter.

They’relisteningtothepopmusic.Aretheylisteningthepopmusic?Theyaren’tlisteningtothepopmusic.

篇2：初一英语语法重点知识

初一英语语法重点知识

1. 情态动词have to 的用法，意思是“必须、不得不”，它侧重于客观上的必要和外界的权威。(1)结构：主语+have to+动词原形+其他

(一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数时，用has to;句子是过去时，用had to.)如：We have to wear sneakers for gym class. 在体育课上，我们必须穿运动鞋。Tom has to practice the guitar every day. 汤姆每天必须练习弹吉它。I had to get up at 5:00 am last Monday. 上周一，我不得不早上5点起床。

(2)否定形式：主语+don't have to+动词原形+其他

(一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数时，用doesn't have to. 句子是过去时，用didn't have to)

如：Nick doesn't have to wear a uniform. 尼克不必穿制服。We didn't have to do our homework at once. 我们不必马上完成作业。

(3)疑问句：Do (Does或Did)+主语+have to +动词原形+其他

如：Do you have to stay at home on weekends? 周末你必须呆在家里吗?Yes, I do. / No, I don't.

是的，我必须。不，我不必。Did he have to go to bed by 11:00 last night? 昨晚，他不得不11点前上床睡觉吗?

2. 情态动词can的用法

(1)表示能力，“会”“能”(在第一册中已经学习这种用法)

Can you play the guitar? 你会弹吉它吗?Judy can speak a little Chinese. 朱蒂会说一点中文。I can dance and sing. 我能唱歌又能跳舞。

(2)表示允许、许可，“可以”、“能”(在这一课中新学的词义)

Can the students run in the hallways? 学生们可以在走廊上跑吗?We can eat outside. 我们可以在外面吃东西。Can I come in? 我能进来吗?

注意 同样是情态动词，can 和have to 的用法是有区别的，和大部分情态动词一样，can在否定句中，直接在can后加上not，在疑问句中，把can放到主语前面，并且没有人称和数的变化。

3. hear，listen和sound都有“听”的意思，但三者是有区别的。

(1)hear“听说”，侧重于“听”的内容

I'm sorry to hear that you are ill. 听说你生病了，我很难过。

I never heard such an interesting story. 我从来没听过这么有趣的一个故事。

(2)listen“听”侧重于“听”这一动作。Listen to me carefully. 认真听我说。

The children like to listen to music. 孩子们喜欢听音乐。

(3)sound“听起来”，它是系动词，后面接形容词等。That sounds great. 那听起来真不错。

It sounds like fun. 听起来挺有趣。

4. be in bed “在床上、卧床”in 和bed之间不能用冠词，bed也不用复数。

He is in bed for 10 years. 他卧床了。Dave has to be in bed early every night.大卫每晚必须很早睡觉。

5. arrive late for 与be late for 意思相近，“迟到”Don't arrive (be)late for school. 上学别迟到。I arrived (was)late for the meeting yesterday. 我昨天开会迟到了。

6. No talking ! “禁止交谈!”no后面加上名词或动名词(doing)也表示不要做某事。与don't +do的用法相似。No wet umbrellas! / Don't put wet umbrellas here! 禁止放湿雨伞!

No food! Don't eat food here! 禁止吃食物!No smoking! Don't smoke here! 禁止吸烟!

7.语法(祈使句)

祈使句是用来表示请求、命令、叮嘱、号召或者劝告等的句子，这类句子的主语常是第二人称you，也就是听话者，因而you常省去了。祈使句的开头是动词原形。

如：Look out! 小心!Wait here for me! 在这等我!

Be sure to come here on time! 务必准时来到这里!

祈使句的否定形式多以do not(常缩写成don't)开头，再加上动词原形。

Don't arrive late for school. 上学别迟到。

Don't fight! 别打架!

Don't look out of the window. 不要向窗外看。

初一如何学好英语语法

一、练好基本句型

我国近年来的英语教学实践证明：在初学阶段，采用听说领先、学习基本句型的方法去学习英语语法，是行之有效的。

句型学习是通过听说领先的方法去学习传统语法里最常用的语法项目(把它们变为句型去操练)。句型训练实际上吸取了传统语法与结构语法两派的长处。所学的句型应该是由浅入深，由简到繁;讲求熟练掌握，不要贪多冒进。每学一个项目，首先要把单项练习练熟，然后过渡到综合练习，最后则应做到扩大运用。

以定语从句这一项为例。把“I read a novel yesterday.和”It was extremely Interesting.“这两个单句改为”The novel I read yesterday was extremely interesting.“这就是定语从句的单项练习。首先要反复进行替换练习。如把”I saw a man this morning.“和”The man is my teacher.“改为”The man I saw this morning is my teacher.“把”I saw a film last night.“和”The film was very amusing.“改为”The film I saw last night was very amusing.“这种练习虽然是枯燥的，却是重要的基本功，务求把定语从句练到脱口而出的地步。这是第一步。

第二步是把定语从句放在一定的语言情景中去综合运用，进行一问一答。如：

A：Did you enjoy the opera?

B：Which opera?

A：The one we saw last night，of course.

B：Yes，very much.

第三步是扩大运用，也就是把定语从句和以前学过的两三个项目放在一起去操练。

A：Do you know who Edgar Snow was?(一般问句;名词从句)

B：Yes，he was an American writer who interviewed Chairman Mao in Beijing.(定语从句)

A：Oh，now I remember.He was the author who wrote”Red Star Over China“，wasn't he?(定语从句;反意疑问句)

B：Exactly.

这种回答不但练了定语从句，而且复习了一般问句和反意问句，也给名词从句的学习打了”埋伏“。进行句型操练，既需要”滚雪球“(复习已学的项目)，也需要”打埋伏“(预先练一下将来要学习的项目)。

在句型学习阶段必须注意：在听、说领先的前提下，写、读要跟上，力求听、说、写、读四会均衡发展。因此，时间上要作出合理的安排。早上通常可安排为朗读时间。如果能每日坚持下去，收效一定很大。

二、结合课文去学

吕叔湘先生说过：”与其多读语法书，不如多读文章。“又说：”词语要嵌在上下文里才有生命，才容易记住，才知道用法。“(引自《中国人学英语》)课文是学习英语的”重要基地“。课文里有语音、词汇项目，也有各类语法项目。它们有机地结合在课文里。课文中出现的语法项目，是有血有肉的，不是干巴巴的。通过课文去学语法，可以学得活，记得牢，这比孤零零地背诵语法条目要有效得多。因此，在句型学习结束后，宜结合课文去学语法，要围绕课文中出现的主要语法项目，循序渐进地学习比较系统的语法知识。

哪些项目是课文里的主要语法项目?通常教科书的编者都明确指出了每一课的主要语法项目。要弄清这些项目的基本概念，掌握它们的公式与用途，尤其要认真地做好有关练习。

三、对比英语和本族语的语法

英语和汉语属于不同的语系，二者的语法区别很大。英语学习中出现的许多错误，往往是由于汉语语法习惯在自学者的头脑中已经根深蒂固，对英语语法的学习产生了种种干扰。要排除这种干扰，最好的方法是经常对比英语与汉语语法的异同。现举数例：

人家问你：”Haven't you read this book?“(你没有读过这本书吗?)如果回答是否定的，依照汉语的习惯，回答通常是：”是的，我没有读过。“但说英语时，你就得说：” No，I haven't.“

汉语说”一万“，英语却说”十个千(ten thousand)“;汉语说”两亿“，英语则说：”二百个百万(two hundred million)“。两种语言关于数目的表达是大不相同的。

英语说：”She is too tired to run on.“译成汉语却说：”她太累了，不能再跑了。“这中间要加上”不能“这个否定词。

我们只有掌握了这些区别，才有可能把语法学到手。可见在语法学习中，自觉地运用语法是很重要的。

四、进行大量的语言实践

英语语法学得好不好，主要不是看你读了多少语法书，记了多少条语法规则，而是要看你在实践中能否正确掌握所学的这些语法规则——能听懂，说得好，写得好，理解得好，译得准确。要达到这个地步，除了在必要的语法理论指导下进行大量的语言实践以外，是没有什么速成的办法的。

我们常听到学习的人抱怨说：”这个项目一讲就懂，一用就错。“这句话说明一般的语法理论知识并不难懂，但就是难用。要掌握好一个语法项目，就得靠多听、多说、多写、多读、多译，也就是做反复的、大量的、多样化的练习。

初一学习英语语法的建议

1.在理解的基础上学习

学习语法要真正理解，不要死记硬背条条框框。例如家长在辅导孩子英语时，也许会特别强调现在分词和动名词在句子中的不同成分。很多孩子就死记硬背：分词可以作定语、状语、补语、表语;动名词可作定语、主语、宾语、表语。即使这样也经常记混淆。其词能充当的成分动名词基本都能充当。这样也便于理解为什么动名词能充当主语和宾语，而分词则不能。理解语法并不是要对语法规则刨根到底。有的孩子问：为什么英语有那么多时态，而汉语没有?每种语言都有它自己的规则。汉语不是没有时态，只是时态的表现形式不像英语那么明显。

2.积极主动归纳、总结语法规则

孩子在学习过程中要善于主动观察、归纳、总结语法规则，不能完全依靠家长、老师的讲解。研究表明，孩子自己归纳总结的语法规则比从书本上学来的记得更好。在孩子一道题或给予详细讲解后，应该让孩子尝试着自己总结规律。同样的情况在怎样的场合使用?有没有例外?实践表明，能自己总结语法规律的孩子，更能对语法进行灵活运用，且在阅读中也便显出反应迅速准确的良好状态。另外，有的语法书里讲的规则有时过于简单甚至不准确。比如很多语法书里，关于字母。结尾的名词的复数的规则是：一般加8226;s;有些加-es。那么到底哪些加—s哪些加-es呢?孩子又只能死记硬背。其实，多数单词加-es，比如heroes，tomatoes，potatoes，tornadoes，volcanoes，torpedoes等;少数单词加8226;s，而且加—s的词多为较长单词的缩写。比如：photographs—photos;kilograms—kilos;hippopotamus—hippos等。而radio本身就是几个单词的缩写，其复数形式当然是radios。如果孩子能够在学习中发现类似的规律，则可以大大减少死记硬背的负担。

3.要善于从错误中学习

英语学习中出现错误是不可避免的，孩子在学习时，一方面不要怕犯错误，要大胆地使用英语;另一方面，要注意纠正错误，从错误中学习。发现错误和纠正错误是做英语练习的目的之一。对于老师、家长批改过的作业，一定要仔细看。对批改还不明白的，一定要向家长或同学请教。在口头交际中，不能完全不顾语法，也不能因为怕犯语法错误而不敢开口。完全不顾语法，可能会使语法错误形成习惯，以后想改也改不过来。而因为怕犯错误而不敢开口或在表达中过多地进行自我纠正会影响交际的顺利进行，也可能因此失去很多交际的机会。研究表明，在口头表达中，适度地监控语法的正确性和准确性最有利于孩子提高口语能力。

篇3：初中生重点英语语法总结

初中生重点英语语法归纳

名词：所有事物的名称

1，名词的种类：

专有名词：首字母大写(山脉，河流，国家等)China

普通名词：首字母不大写(普通的事物的名称)desk ，pen

2，名词的数：

可数名词：可以数的名词(有单复数)ruler，pen，pencil

不可数名词：不可以数的名词(没有单复数)bread，meat，water，

可数名词变化规则

1，一般加s，例如：pen---pens

2，以s，sh，ch，x结尾加es，例如：bus—buses，brush—brushes，watch—watches，box—boxes

3，以辅音字母加y结尾，去掉y为I 加es 例如：baby---babies

4，以f，fe 结尾，去掉f，fe 加ves life---lives， leaf---leaves

5，以有生命的o 结尾加es 例如：hero---heroes，tomato---tomatoes，potato---potatoes，mango---mangoes

6，复合名词遇见man，woman两个词时，两个名词都要加复数

A man teacher---two men teachers

不规则的变化

Is，am----are， his，her，its----their，does---do，has---have，his，hers，its---theirs，

Isn’t ---aren’t ， I ---we， you---you，me---us，he，she，it---they，him，her，it---them，

Your---your，yours---yours，my---our，mine---ours，that---those，this---these，fish—fish，sheep---sheep，deer---deer，Chinese---Chinese， Japanese---Japanese，man---men，woman—women，tooth---teeth，foot---feet，mouse---mice

单数句变成复数句

This is my book--- These are our books

不可数名词的量化

A cup of 一杯。。。，a glass of 。。。一玻璃杯，a tin of 。。。一听。。。，a can of 。。。一罐。。。，

A box of 。。。一盒子。。。，a bag of 。。。 一包。。。，a bar of 。。。一条。。，a piece of 。。。一片。。。

例如：I have a cup of water 我有一杯水 I have two cups of water 我有两杯水

I have a box of apples 我有一箱苹果，I have two boxes of apples 我有两箱苹果

名词所有格：

人：名词+‘s 或者 名词s +’例如：Tom’s bag， Teachers’ desks

物：名词+of +名词 例如：a bag of my school

双重所有格：s’+of a friend of my father’s

Lily and Lucy’s room 丽丽和露西的房间(共有的)

Lily’s and Lucy’s rooms 丽丽和露西的房间(各自有的)

介词和时间的搭配：

at

at 点时间， at 7:00 在七点

on 具体日期 on Monday 在星期一

in 年，季节，世纪 in ， in July， in this century

介词和地点的搭配

At 具体的地点： at the airport 在机场，at the doctor’s 在医院

On 在平面上，on the farm 在农场上

In 在。。。里面， in the park 在公园里，in Guiyang，在贵阳

There be 句型：某地有某物，(就近原则)

There is a pen and two pencils =There are two pencils and a pen

Ask 。。。about 询问关于

I ask you about my school我询问你关于我的学校

Ask 。。。for 向。。。要。。。

I ask you for some books 我向你要一些书

Thanks for sth 谢谢某物 Thanks for your book 谢谢你的书

Thanks for doing sth 谢谢做某事，Thanks for giving me a book 谢谢你给我一本书

句型转换

肯定句----否定句

有be，be后加not，有情(can)，情后加not，没be 和情时，don’t ，doesn’t 来充数，位置放在动词前，动词还原要牢记，doesn’t 跟着他，她，它。

He is happy ---He is not happy

He can run---He can’t run

He likes apples ---He doesn’t like apples

I like bananas ---I don’t like bananas

肯定句---一般疑问句

有be，be 句首，有情(can)，情句首，没be 和情时，Do，Does 放句首，动词还原要牢记，Does 跟着他，她，它

He is happy---Is he happy?

He can run ---Can he run ?

He likes apples ----Does he like apples ?

I like bananas ---Do you like bananas ?

Be动词的搭配，am 跟我，are 跟你，单数is ，复数are ，is 跟着他，她，它

I am ，you are ，he is ，she is ，it is ，we are ，they are ，Tom is , Boys are

冠词的用法：

定冠词：the，

不定冠词：a，an

定冠词的用法：

特指：There is a pen on the desk那儿有一支钢笔在书桌上

2,文中第二次提起：

I have a pen ，the pen is blue 我有一支钢笔，这支钢笔是蓝色的。

3，世界上独一无二的事物：The sun is red 太阳是红色的

4，在西洋乐器前，I can play the piano我能弹钢琴

5，在姓氏复数前，表示一家人 The Greens 格林一家

6，形容词前，表示一类事物， The young are happy年亲人很开心

7，形容词的最高级： He is the tallest boy 他是最高的男孩

8，序数词前：The second boy is Peter 第二个男孩是皮特

9，部分专有名词：The Great Wall 长城

不定冠词的用法

辅音用a，元音用an，可数单数才用它

A pen， an orange ， an apple ， an egg ， an ice cream ，an umbrella ，a useful book ，a“u”，an “F”，an“L”，an“M”，an“N”，an“x”，an“s”

不用冠词：

1，一日三餐前： I have lunch 我吃中餐

2，球类，棋类， I play chess 我下象棋， Iplayfootball我踢足球

3，星期 I go to school on Monday 我在星期一去上学

4，月份： Children’s Day is in June儿童节在六月

5，年份 He was born in他出生于

6，节日前： On Teachers’ Day 在教师节

7，学科前：I have math class 我上数学课

8，语言：I speak English well 我说英语很好

代词：

人称代词：

主格：I you he she it they we

我 你/你们 他 她 它 他们/她们/它们 我们

宾格：me you him her it them us

位置：主在前，宾在后，介词，动词在中间

I like apples 我喜欢苹果

My teacher likes me 我的老师喜欢我

物主代词：

形容词性物主代词：my your his her its our their 我的 你的/你们的 他的 她的 它的 我们的 他们的

名词性物主代词 mine yours his hers its ours theirs

位置：形物放在名词前，名物放在动两边

My book is here 我的书在这里

Mine is good 我的很好

I like yours 我喜欢你的

Many 和much 的区别

I have many books 我有许多书(可数名词复数)

I have much water我有许多水(不可数名词)

How much is the book?这本书多少钱?(价钱)

Some和any 的区别

I have some books 我有一些书(肯定句)

Do you have any books ?你有书吗?(疑问句)

Idon’t have any books 我没有书(否定句)

Can I have some water ?我能喝些水吗?(请求)

数词

序数词：first，second ，third (有顺序的数词)

基数词：one ，two，three(基本的数字的词语)

基数词---序数词：

One---first，two---second ，three---third，four---fourth，five---fifth，eight---eighth，nine---ninth

Twelve---twelfth，twenty---twentieth，twenty—one---twenty-first

基数词+名词复数： I have two books 我有两本书

序数词+名词单数：He is the third boy 他是第三个男孩

初中学好英语语法的方法

1.找到一个好的语法老师是确保你理解一门语言基本语法的好方法之一。寻求有资格教你的人的帮助。但如果要花大价钱的话，那就完全没有必要了。在如今网络如此发达的情况下，网络上已经有很多相当优秀的老师分享的免费课程可供你学习。

2.广泛阅读语法书。语言是在不断发展和变化的，英语的语法规则并不是一成不变的。有许多不同风格的语法书籍，以不同的方式讲解英语语法，多阅读一些不同风格的语法书是很好的语法学习方式。它们从不同的层面让你更好地了解语法的基本原理，并告诉你语言的适应性和它的灵活性。

3.查找在线资源。随着网络越来越发达，网络上有大量可靠的语法课程。

4.口碑超好经典语法课程:

中文：

1)赖世雄 经典语法(音频)

2)谢孟媛 初级文法+中级文法(50个G语法详解视频课程)

3)张满胜 英语语法新思维教程(初、中、高)

4)旋元佑 英语魔法师之语法俱乐部+进阶语法

学习初中英语语法的注意事项

1.着重学习易混淆词之间的区别

英语有很多单词声音或拼写相同，含义却很不相同。这些同形异义词，同音异义词，同形异音词和同音异形词非常容易混淆，并导致常见的错误。记住这些常见的错误可以帮助你避免经常犯错误。

易混淆词举例：

too(太;也;很;非常)和to(介词:到;向，朝着;关于;属于)和two(基数词2)

then(然后;当时)和than(用于比较)

lie(意思是在水平位置)和lay(这意味着放置在水平位置的东西)。

farther(与物理距离)和further(更进一步)

it’s(it is的缩写)和its(所有格代词)

they’re(they are的缩写)和their(所有格代词),there(表示地点的副词)

you’re(you are的缩写)和your(所有格代词)

2.正确使用标点符号

标点符号是语言的重要组成部分,它标明了句子的开始,停止,暂停,和句与语之间的关系。不正确的标点符号可能导致你所传达的意思混淆或不能被理解。英语中有许多与标点符号有关的错误，如逗号：在一个长句里的独立从句之间没有合适的连词时也没有使用逗号。

3.多使用主动语态

在一个主动句中，主体是执行行动的事物;在被动句中，主体受到外力的作用。虽然被动语态没有什么错，但它容易使表达不清晰。因此，你应该多使用主动语态。当然使用被动语态也是可以接受的，特别是要强调某些事情时。例如，考虑一下这些主动句和被动句是如何强调句子的不同成分的：

主动句“我付了账单”强调的是做了什么。

被动句“账单是我支付”的重点放在谁付了账单。

4.正确使用反身代词。

反身代词有myself, yourself, himself,herself,itself, ourselves, yourselves和 themselves。这些代词可以用来表指代或强调。反身代词仅作为句子中的宾语。如果将反身代词从句子中删除并不影响句子的含义，那这里的反身代词起得就是强调作用。如果删除反身代词会影响句子完整的意思，那它起的就是指代作用。

指代：“I pinched myself to see if I was dreaming.”

强调：“She individually picked each gift herself.”

指代：“He asked himself how he’d feel in that situation.”

强调：“I myself don’t know how I’d react.”

篇4：高级英语语法重点总结

一、主句和从句的助于保持一致，称为分词作状语。

(1)条件：状语从句，前后主语一致

(2)形式：分词作状语在句首+分词作状语在句后

(3)省略方式：省略从句的主语，关系词(可保留)+动词形式变化(主动语态-ing/被动语态-ed)

(一)时间状语从句：when、after、as soon as

eg. When the mouse saw the cat, it ran off = (when) Seeing the cat , the mouse ran off.

(二)原因状语从句

eg. As she was very weak, she couldn’t move. = Being very weak , she couldn’t move.

(三)条件状语从句

eg. If you work hard, you will succeed. = Working hard , you will succeed.

eg. If we are united, we stand; if we divided, we fall. = United, we stand; divided, we fall.

(四)让步状语从句

eg. Although he lived miles away, he attended the course. = Although living miles away=Living miles away

(五)伴随状语从句

eg. He sat in the chair reading a newspaper.

eg. He came in, followed by his wife.

(六)方式状语从句

eg. He came as we expected. =He came as (he was) expected.

(七)结果状语从句 eg. He fired and killed one of the passers-by. = He fired, killing one of the passers-by.

篇5：高级英语语法重点总结

若前后主语不一致，则成为独立主格结构。

1、构成：分词短语的逻辑主语和句子主语不一致。独立结构只能作状语，多用于书面语言。

(1)名词/代词+分词(现在分词&过去分词)

eg. The boy ran quickly, his father following.(表伴随情况，父亲主动跟随)

eg. He lay on his back, his hands acrossed under his head.(one’s hands be acrossed)

(2)名词/代词+形容词

eg. They started home, theirs minds full of plans for increasing production.

eg. He was silent for a moment, his lips tight.

(3)名词/代词+副词

eg. He put on his socks, wrong side out.(表示补充说明)

eg. The war over, all the Chinese people’s volunteers came back to China.

(4)名词/代词+介词(短语)

eg. She came in, a baby in her arms.

eg. He went off, gun in hand.

2、句中的作用

(1)表示时间

eg. His homework done, Jim decided to go and see the play.

= After his homework was done, he decided to go and see the play.

(2)表示原因

eg. The last bus having gone, we had to walk home.

=Because the last bus having gone, we had to walk home.

(3)表示原因

eg. (with) Weather permitting, we’ll go for outing tomorrow.

=If weather permitting, we’ll go for outing tomorrow.

(4)表示伴随情况

eg. They walked though the forest, (with) an old hunter leading the way.

(5)表示补充说明

eg. He lived in a wooden house with two rooms, one being a bedroom and the other being an office.

=He lived in a wooden house with two rooms, one was a bedroom, the other was an office.

3、独立主格的变化

在带有逻辑主语的分词及其短语前加“with”

虚拟语气

【1】if 引导的虚拟语气(与事实相反，过去&现在&将来)

if—如果(可能发生&不可能发生)

If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home.(主将从现)

(1)表示与过去事实相反时，从句中应使用had+过去分词，主句中用would，could，might +have+过去分词

eg. If you had got there earlier, you would have caught the bus.

(2)表示与现在事实相反时，从句中所有的be都有were，动词都要用过去式，主句中用would，could，might +动词原形 eg. If there were no air, people would die.

eg. If I had wings, I would fly over the sea to see you.

(3)表示与将来事实相反时，从句中be变成were，动词变成should+动词原形，主句中用would，could，might +动词原形 eg. If it were Sunday tomorrow, we would not have an examination.

错综虚拟语气：eg. If you had followed my advice yesterday, you would know how to do it now.

倒装形式的虚拟语气：从句中出现助动词do或were，可以将if省略，将do或were提前

eg. Had you got there earlier yesterday(=if you had got…), you could have caught the bus.

eg. Were I you(=if I were you), I would help him.

【2】馒头面条原理

当句子中出现建议、命令、要求这三个单词的时候，不管它是什么词性，也不管其后接何种从句，从句中的动词都应使用should+动词原形，should可以省略。

注：虽为虚拟语气的一种用法，但后面的句子并不表示与事实相反。

常见表示建议、命令、要求的单词：advice, suggest, propose, recommend; order, command; demand, require, insist, urge

eg. He suggested that we (should) go to tomorrow’s exhibition together.

eg. Mike’s uncle insisted that he (should) not live in this hotel.

注：suggest表“表明”义时不使用虚拟语气。

eg. Her face suggested that she was ill. So I suggested that she (should) be sent to the nearest hospital immediately.

【3】固定句型

1、It is time that ...

It is time that sb. did sth.早该做某事了

It is (high/about) time that…

eg. It is time that you worked hard on English.

eg. It is already 5 o’clock now, don’t you think it is time we went home?

eg. I think it is high time that she made up her mind.

2、Would rather that .....

只要是与现在或过去相反，从句中be动词变成were，动词变为过去式。如果与过去相反，则用had+过去分词。

eg. I would rather he came tomorrow than today.

eg.John would rather that she had not gone to the party yesterday evening.

eg. I would rather everything hadn' t happened in the past.

3、“It is (was)+形容词(或过去分词)+that+ (should) do……”结构中的虚拟语气

eg. It is necessary that we (should)have a walk now.

eg. It was necessary that we (should) make everything ready ahead of time.

eg. It is required that nobody (should) smoke here.

eg. It is important that every pupil (should) be able to understand the rule of school.

4、as if，wish等后使用虚拟语气

Although it is summer, it seems as if it were spring.

He wished we would go there with him.

(wish表示不可能实现的愿望，hope表示可以实现的愿望)

倒装

全部倒装:主谓宾构成了正常的语序，把谓语动词提到了动词的前面，谓语动词直接发生在主语之前，那么就是全部倒装。

1、当首句为方位或时间副词，谓语动词为go，come等时通常用全部倒装。如果是进行时态的话，倒装后要改为一般现在时。 eg. The bus is coming here. Here comes the bus.

进行时态在变为倒装的时候要变为一般现在时。

eg. Students went away. Away went students.

eg. The boy rushed out. Out rushed the boy.

here/away/out/ 在英语当中称作方位副词或时间副词。

eg. Then came the hour we had been looking forward to. 方位副词或时间副词置于句首

2、如果句首出现了地点状语，句子也可以进行全部倒装。

eg. The old man lives in the city center. In the city center lives the old man.

eg. A temple stands on the mountain. On the mountain stands a temple.

3、当句子当中出现分词结构的时候，可以把现在分词或过去分词和地点状语联系在一起放在句首，把be 动词留在中间当作谓语动词，主语放在后面。

eg. Lying on the floor was a boy aged about 18. On the floor lies a boy aged about 18.

eg. Sitted on the ground are a group of young people.

eg. 访问北京的是300名日本青年。/ 300名日本青年正在访问北京。

300 Japanese young people are visiting Beijing.

Visiting Beijing are 300 Japanese young people.

部分倒装：主谓宾保持原来的形式，谓语动词的助动词放到主语的前面。

1、当句首状语为否定词或带有否定意义的词语时，这个句子就需要部分倒装

这类词语有hardly, scarcely, rarely, seldom, never, few, little, less, at no time, by no means, in no case, under no circumstance, in no way, on no account, on no consideration, no longer, not only等。

eg. He never smokes. 他从来不抽烟。Never does he smoke.

eg. Not only did the customer complain about the food, he also refused to pay for it.

这位顾客不仅仅 抱怨食物不好，还拒绝付费。

eg. Under no circumstance do I trust you.在任何情况下我都不会相信你。

2、当句首为only加状语的时候，这个句子需要部分倒装。

eg. Only with you can I feel happy.

eg. Only when you come, can we start the meeting.

只有当你来了这，我们才可以开始会议。

3、so......that 结构中的so位于句首时，常引起部分倒装

eg. He runs so fast that I can't catch up with him.

他跑得实在是太快了，以致于我都没有办法追上他。

So fast does he run that I can't catch up with him.

eg. The moon was so bright that the flowers bright as by day.

皓月当空，花朵就像白天那样的鲜艳。

So bright was the moon that the flowers bright as by day.

4、句子开头的as 处在第二个单词的位置上，表示虽然的意思。(表让步)

eg. Although I am young, I can live by myself. 虽然我很小但是我却能养活自己了。

Young as I am, I can live by myself.

eg. Although she is a girl, she can support the whole family.

虽然她是个女孩，但是她却可以养活整个家庭的人。

Girl as she is, she can support the whole family.

eg. Although I like music very much,.... Much as I like music,.....

5、常见的固定搭配结构中需要用倒装的情况。

(1)hardly/ scarcely.....when.... 一......就......

hardly，scarcely 后面一定要用过去完成时，when 后面用一般过去时。

eg. Hardly had he seen me when he ran away. 他一看到我就跑开了。

eg. Hardly had the baby cried when his mother rushed to carry him.

婴儿一哭，他妈妈就跑去抱他。

(2)no sooner....than..... 一......就......

no sooner 后面一定要用过去完成时，than 的后面用一般过去时。

eg. No sooner had they reached home than it rained more and more heavily. 他们一到家，雨就越下越大起来。

(3)the more ......the more... 越....越....

eg. The harder you work, the happier you feel. 你工作越努力，就越觉得快乐。

总结：倒装分为全部倒装和部分倒装。

全部倒装：

①当首句为方位或时间副词，谓语动词为go，come等时通常用全部倒装。

② 如果句首出现了地点状语，句子也可以进行全部倒装。 ③ 当句子当中出现分词结构的时候，可以把现在分词或过去分词和地点状语联系在一起放在句首，

把be 动词留在中间当作谓语动词，主语放在后面。

部分倒装：

1、当句首状语为否定词或带有否定意义的词语时，这个句子就需要部分倒装 。

2、当句首为only加状语的时候，这个句子需要部分倒装。

3、so......that 结构中的so位于句首时，常引起部分倒装 。

4、句子开头的as 处在第二个单词的位置上，表示虽然的意思。

5、常见的固定搭配结构中需要用倒装的情况。

hardly.....when....; scarcely .....when..... ;no sooner....than.....： hardly，scarcely，no sooner 后面一定要用过去完成时，when 后面用一般过去时;the more ......the more... 越....越.... ;

否定：

eg. All the birds can not fly.

Not all the birds can fly. 不是所有的鸟都会飞。

1. 部分否定

eg. All the birds can not fly. 并非所有的鸟都会飞。

None of the birds can fly. 所有的鸟都不会飞。

表示全部意思的代词或副词如all, both, every, everybody, every day, everyone, everything, everywhere等与not搭配使用时，无论not在前还是在后，都表示部分否定，意思为“并非都是”等。

eg. All is not gold that glitters. = Not all is gold that glitters. 发光的并非都是金子。

2. 全部否定

英语中常用not, none, nobody, nothing, nowhere, neither, never等表示全部否定的概念。

eg. Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it. 世上无难事，只怕有心人。

双重否定：

1.在一个句子中出现两个否定词：not, never, hardly, scarcely, rarely, seldom, few, little, none等，双重否定表示肯定的概念。 eg. No one can command others who cannot command himself.

A person can command others who command himself. 正人先正己。

eg. Without the ability to think critically, to defend their ideas and understand the ideas of others, they can not fully participate in our democracy.

如果没有能力进行批判性思维，维护自己的观点，并理解他人的观点，他们就不能充分的参与我们的民主政治中来。

2.形式否定，意义肯定

eg. A man can never have too many ties. 一个男人可以拥有很多的领带。

A woman can never have too many dresses. 一个女人拥有再多的衣服也不为过。

eg. We can hardly praise his achievement too much. 对他的成就我们无论怎样赞扬也不过分。

eg. A mother can never be patient enough with her child. 一个母亲对她的孩子再怎么耐心也不为过。

A teacher can never be strict enough with his students. 一个老师对他的学生再怎么严格也不为过。

3. 形式肯定，意义否定

①more A than B 意思为“A不是B;与其说是B，不如说是A”

eg. The book seems to be more a dictionary than a grammar. 这本书看起来与其说是一本语法书，不如说是一本词典。

He is more a composer than a singer. 与其说他是一个歌唱家不如说他是一个创作者。

② anything but 意思为“一点都不是，根本不是，绝对不是”

eg. I am anything but a teacher. 我一定不是一个老师。

eg. I will do anything but that. 我决不干那件事。

③ no more ...than 与 not more ....than

no more ...than意为“两者都不....” not more....than 意为“两者都肯定，前者不如后者”

eg. This book is no more interesting than that one. 这本书和那本书一样特别没趣。

eg. This book is not more interesting than that one. 这本书不如那本书有趣。

eg. This boy is not more honest than that one. 这两男孩都很诚实，前面的男孩不如后面的男孩诚实。

This boy is no more honest than that one. 这两个男孩都不诚实。

④ no more than与 not more than

no more than 强调“少”，译作“只有、不过、仅仅” not more than 是客观叙述，意为“不超过”。

eg. He said no more than we had expected. 他只是说了我们所预料的而已。

eg. Though they think it takes no more than three days to fulfill the mission, I believe it takes not less than six days. 虽然他们认为完成这任务只需三天，但我却认为至少需要六天。

eg. He has not more than five dollars on him. 他身上带的钱不超过五美元。

eg. He is not more than 10 years old. 他最多不超过10岁。

总结：

1. 部分否定

2. 全部否定

3. 双重否定：①在一个句子中出现两个否定词;②形式否定，意义肯定

4. 形式肯定，意义否定

5. no more .... than与 not more ....than ;no more than与 not more than

看过高级英语语法的人还看了：

1.薄冰 高级英语语法

2.“高级英语”题型分析与解题思路

3.薄冰 高级英语语法

4.薄冰实用英语语法详解介绍

篇6：高三英语语法总结重点

高三英语语法：表语从句

1、关联词不能省略

2、从句用陈述语序

常见引导词

what, when, where, why, whether, how, that, because, which,

What surprised me most was that he spoke English so well.

The question is how what you’ve said can be put into practice.

The reason (why ) he didn’t come is that he was ill.

It (This , That) is because iron contains more carbon than steel.

高三英语语法：同位语从句

1、关联词不能省略

2、从句用陈述语序

从句的名词后接同位语

fact, idea, word，promise, saying，problem, news

常见引导词

that, whether, where, how, etc.

The facts that he succeeded in the experiment pleased us.

An idea came to her that she might do that in another way.

Scientists have argued over the problem whether there is life on other planets.

高三英语语法：状语从句

一.定义: 在句中作状语的从句就叫做状语从句

二.分类: 状语从句包括以下八类

1.时间状语从句: 由when, while, as, before, after, since, till / until, as soon as等引导

a. I shall tell him the good news when he comes.

2.原因状语从句: 由because, as, since, for等引导

a. He didn’t hear me because he was listening to the radio.

b. Since you are free today, you had better show me how to use the computer.

3.地点状语从句: 由where等引导

a. Please put the book where it was after you finish reading it.

4.条件状语从句: 由if, unless等引导

a. I will come to see you if I have time on Sunday.

5.比较或方式状语从句: 由than, as, as if, as...as...等引导

a. I know you do better than he does.

b. The old worker runs very fast as if he were a young man.

6.目的状语从句: 由so that, in order that等引导

a. They set out early so that they could arrive at the station in good time.

7.结果状语从句: 由so, so that, so / such...that...等引导

a. They set out early so that they arrived at the station in good time.

b. He finished his work so well that the boss praised him in public.

8.让步状语从句: 由though / although, even if, whatever, whoever, whenever, no matter what / who等引导

a. He is in very good health though he is old.

b. They didn’t stop working even if it began to rain hard.

三.应注意的问题:

1.时间和条件状语从句中常用一般时代替将来时

a. I will go and see a film if I have time tomorrow.

b. I will tell the about it as soon as he comes back.

c. He said he would go out for a walk when he finished his work.

2.状语从句中可有省略: 在一个含有状语从句的复合句中, 如果主句和状语从句的主语相同, 或状语从句的主语是it, 并且状语从句的谓语含有be动词时, 可以将状语从句的主语和be一起省略掉

a. As (she was ) a child, she began to learn English.

b. If ( he was ) alive, he must be at least ninety years old.

c. Although ( he was ) told to stop, he kept on working.

d. If ( it is) necessary, ring me up.

e. He didn’t say a single word until ( he was ) asked.

3.as和than引导的比较状语从句中, 从句中和主句中相同的部分往往省略, 从句中只剩下比较对象

a. He is a head taller than I ( am tall ).

than之后的人称代词是主格或宾格时, 有时意思不同, 如:

a. She likes the dog more than me.=She likes the dog more than she likes me.她喜欢狗比喜欢我更多

b. She likes the dog more than I.=She likes the dog more than I like the god. 她比我更喜欢狗

4.含有no sooner…than…和hardly / barely / scarcely …when…的句子相当于含有as soon as…引导的时间状语的句子. no sooner或 hardly放在句首时, 主谓要部分倒装

a. He had no sooner seen the policeman than he ran away. =No sooner had he seen the policeman than he ran away. =He ran away as soon as he saw the policemen.

b. He had hardly sat down when the telephone rang. =Hardly had he sat down when the telephone rang. =The telephone rang as soon as he sat down.

5.immediately, directly, instantly等词也可以作为连词引导时间状语从句, 相当于as soon as引导的时间状语

a. I went to see him immediately I heard from him. =I went to see him as soon as I heard from him.

6.the moment, the minute, the second引导时间状语从句, 相当于as soon as引导的时间状语

a. He let out a cry the moment he saw the snake.=He let out a cry as soon as he saw the snake.

7.each time, every time, any time, last time, next time, first time可以引导时间状语从句

a. They shake hands with each other each time they meet.

8.since引导的时间状语从句中, 若谓语动词是延续性动词或状态动词, 则其过去时表示动作的完成或状态的结束

a. It is five years since he lived here. 他不住这里己有五年了

a. They shake hands with each other each time they meet.

8.since引导的时间状语从句中, 若谓语动词是延续性动词或状态动词, 则其过去时表示动作的完成或状态的结束

a. It is five years since he lived here. 他不住这里己有五年了

高三英语语法：定语从句

关系代词引导的定语从句

一.关系代词的用法: 关系代词指代先行词

在定语从句中作主语

在定语从句中作动词的宾语或者介词的宾语, 介词在后

指人

that / who

that / who / whom

指物

that / which

that / which

上表中黑框内的关系代词可以省略; 在口语及非正式文体中whom常被who所替代; 另外, 关系代词whose表示 “…(先行词)的”

二.示例:

1.关系代词在定语从句中作主语

a. Do you know the man that / who came to see Xiao Yang this morning ?

b. This is a book that / which tells about space rocket.

2.关系代词在定语从句中作动词的宾语

a. The comrade ( that / who / whom ) they came to visit is a scientist.

b. I will never forget the day ( that / which ) we spent in the countryside.

3.关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语, 介词在后

a. This is the house ( that / which ) he was born in.

b. The person ( that / who / whom ) you should write to is Mr Ball.

c. The man ( that / who / whom ) you talked with is our English teacher.

4.whose引导的定语从句

a. I know a lady whose husband is a Nobel Prize winner.

b. The child whose mother died in the fire is now an engineer in our company.

c. He is living in a house whose windows are painted white.

三.应注意的问题:

1.指物时, 关系代词只用that而不用which的情况:

①.先行词被最高级或the only, the very, the same等修饰时

a. This is the best play that was written by Jack.

b. He is the only person that I can trust.

②.先行词被序数词或the last等词修饰时

a. This is the first car that arrived this morning.

③.先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything等不定代词时或被不定代词all, any, no等修饰时

a. All the people that come from the country work much harder.

b. This is all that I can tell you.

④.人+动物或事物共同作为先行词时

a. My father and Mr Brown talked of things and persons that they remembered for about an hour.

⑤.句中又有which作为疑问词出现时

a. Which is the train that goes to Beijing ?

2.关系代词who, which, that在定语从句中作主语时, 要注意定语从句中的主谓一致问题. 因为who / that / which指代先行词, 所以定语从句的谓语与先行词保持一致即可

a. I came to get the book that was left in the classroom.

b. I came to get the books that were left in the classroom.

关系副词引导的定语从句

一.关系副词的用法: when在定语从句中作地点状语; where在定语从句中作地点状语; why在定语从句中作原因状语

二.示例:

a. He was well at the time when I saw him.

b. Let’s meet at the place where we met yesterday.

c. This is the reason why I am in favor of the singer.

三.应注意的问题:

1.在某些表示时间的名词后的关系副词可省略, 这样的名词如: the time, every time, each time, the moment, the minute, the second等 (也有语法家认为是这些名词直接引导了时间状语从句)

a. By the time ( when ) he was fourteen years old he had learned much English.

介词+关系代词引导的定语从句

一.说明: 关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时, 介词可以位于关系代词之前, 从而构成介词+关系代词引导的定语从句

二.这种定语从句中关系代词的用法: 在这种定语从句中, 关系代词只能用whom(指人)和which(指事物), 而不能使用that / who

三.示例:

a. This is the house in which he was born.

b. The person to whom you should write is Mr Ball.

c. The man with whom you talked is our English teacher.

d. The gentleman, with whose daughter I worked, looked down upon woman.

四.应注意的问题:

1.关系代词前的介词可以是单个介词, 也可以是短语介词或类似短语介词的词组

a. This is the house in which he was born.

b. At five o’clock we reached the house, in front of which there is a big tree.

c. At five o’clock we reached the mountain, at the foot of which lie some farmhouses.

2.根据表达的需要, 介词之前还可以有其他词, 从而构成“名词或代词+介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句

a. I used to live in a small room, the window of which faces the street.

b. At the gate stood a group of students, some of whom are girls.

3.介词若为短语动词中的介词, 则不可将介词拆开放在关系代词之前

a. This is the magazine which you are looking for.( for不能放在which之前)

b. The child whom Aunt Li takes care of is ill.( of不能放在whom之前)

4.关系副词when / where / why常可与 “介词+关系代词”互换

a. Do you remember the days when we were in Beijing? ( =in which we were in Beijing )

b. Do you remember the park where we once played for a whole day?( =in which we once played for a whole day )

c. This is the reason why he was absent yesterday. (= for which he was absent )

限定性与非限定性定语从句

一.两者的区别: 见下表

形式

作用

译法

限定性定语从句

无逗号与主句分开

修饰限定作用, 即不可缺少的定语

其译文常位于先行词之前, 并体现“的”

非限定性定语从句

有逗号与主句分开

附加、补充说明的作用, 若缺少它, 句意仍然完整

常将其译成一个和主句并列的分句

二.关系词的用法: 非限定性定语从句不能用that引导, 并且关系词在任何情况下都不能省略, 除此之外, 在关系词的使用上, 非限定性定语从句与限定性定语从句完全相同

三.示例:

a. My book, which is very old, is on the table.

b. President Kennedy, who had heard of King before, was interested to meet him.

c. His father, who is working in Beijing, is an engineer.

d. The house, where he was born, has been destroyed in the earthquake.

e. Mr. Smith, with whom you just talked, is our English teacher.

f. The gentleman, with whose daughter I worked, looked down upon woman.

四.应注意的问题:

1.as / which都可以引导一个非限定性定语从句, as / which是关系代词, 指代主句中所提到的某种情况, 它们的不同点是:

①.as引导的这种定语从句位置比较灵活, 可位于句首, 句中, 句尾; 但which引导的这种定语从句只能位于主句之后

②. as还带有“正如, 正象”之意, 而which不含此意

a. The earth is like a ball, as everyone knows.

b. As everyone knows, the earth is like a ball.

c. They said they were French, which wasn’t true.

常见问题

一.定语从句还原法: 试题中有很多有关定语从句的, 这类题往往需选择引导词部分. 做好这类题的关键首先是要有这样的观念: 定语从句应有完整而合理的句子成分. 基于这一点, 我们可以用“还原法”来检验定语从句是否正确, 即把定语从句还原成为一个简单句. 具体做法是:

①.第一步: 替换. 将关系代词直接替换成先行词, 如果是关系副词, 先替换成介词+关系代词, 再将关系代词替换成先行词

②.第二步: 调整, 即调整语序, 看能否构成一个合理的简单句

例如, 还原以下例句a中的定语从句的过程是: 先将that / which替换成先行词the park, 再调整语序, 就能得到一个合理的简单句: We visited the park last year. 再如, 还原以下例句b中的定语从句的过程是: 先将where替换成in which, 再将which替换成先行词the park, 再调整语序, 就得到一个合理的简单句: We once played for a whole day in the park.

a. Do you remember the park that / which we visited last year?

b. Do you remember the park where we once played for a whole day?

c. Do you still remember the days that / which we spent together ?

d. Do you still remember the days when we were together?

二.分隔定语从句: 定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后, 但有时也被分隔开来, 在阅读时要注意根据定语从句所表达的意思来分辨先行词是什么

a. I was the only person in the office who was invited.

b. He was the only one of the students who passed the GRE.

①.as引导的这种定语从句位置比较灵活, 可位于句首, 句中, 句尾; 但which引导的这种定语从句只能位于主句之后

②. as还带有“正如, 正象”之意, 而which不含此意

a. The earth is like a ball, as everyone knows.

b. As everyone knows, the earth is like a ball.

c. They said they were French, which wasn’t true.

常见问题

一.定语从句还原法: 试题中有很多有关定语从句的, 这类题往往需选择引导词部分. 做好这类题的关键首先是要有这样的观念: 定语从句应有完整而合理的句子成分. 基于这一点, 我们可以用“还原法”来检验定语从句是否正确, 即把定语从句还原成为一个简单句. 具体做法是:

①.第一步: 替换. 将关系代词直接替换成先行词, 如果是关系副词, 先替换成介词+关系代词, 再将关系代词替换成先行词

②.第二步: 调整, 即调整语序, 看能否构成一个合理的简单句

例如, 还原以下例句a中的定语从句的过程是: 先将that / which替换成先行词the park, 再调整语序, 就能得到一个合理的简单句: We visited the park last year. 再如, 还原以下例句b中的定语从句的过程是: 先将where替换成in which, 再将which替换成先行词the park, 再调整语序, 就得到一个合理的简单句: We once played for a whole day in the park.

a. Do you remember the park that / which we visited last year?

b. Do you remember the park where we once played for a whole day?

c. Do you still remember the days that / which we spent together ?

d. Do you still remember the days when we were together?

二.分隔定语从句: 定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后, 但有时也被分隔开来, 在阅读时要注意根据定语从句所表达的意思来分辨先行词是什么

a. I was the only person in the office who was invited.

b. He was the only one of the students who passed the GRE

篇7：高三英语语法总结重点

高三英语语法：名词从句

概述

一.定义: 在句中的作用相当于一个名词的从句叫做名词性从句

二.分类: 名词性从句包括四类, 分别是: 主语从句, 宾语从句, 表语从句, 同位语从句

三.引导词: 名词从句的引导词包括连词that / if / whether, 连接代词who / whom / whose / what / which, 连接副词when / where / how / why, 另外还有: whatever, whichever, whoever等

主语从句

一.定义: 在句中充当主语的从句就是主语从句

二.示例:

a. That he looked at me in that strange way puzzled me.

b. Whether we can control the floods is still uncertain.

c. What he wanted to see was an end to all the armies of the world.

d. When the broadcast station will be ready is unknown.

e. Who made the long distance call to him is not important.

f. Whether we’ll go depends on the weather.

三.应注意的问题:

1.以that引导主语从句时, 常用it作形式主语, 而把真正主语后移, 如在以下句型中就是如此: It is + adj / n + that...; It is said / reported / hoped that...

a. It is certain that fuels like coal and oil cause a lot of pollution.

b. It was said that only three people in the world could understand it at that time.

2.whether引导主语从句时, 常置于句首 (此时whether不能用if代替), 也有后移的用法 (此时whether可以用if代替)

a. Whether they will come is not yet known.

b. It is not yet known whether they will go there.

3.连接代词who, what, which和连接副词when, where, how, why引导主语从句时, 一般不后移

a. What I told you last night was really true.

b. Which team will win the game is not yet known.

c. How they went to the USA is still a puzzle.

宾语从句

一.定义: 在句中充当宾语的从句就是宾语从句. 谓语动词, 非谓语动词, 介词都可以带有宾语从句

二.示例:

1.谓语动词的宾语从句:

a. They knew that the habit may kill them.

b. She asked whether / if there were any chemist’s shops in this street.

c. The teacher told them who first invented the television set.

d. I want to know whose notebook is left on the table in the reading room.

e. Can you tell me where the Great Pyramid is ?

2.非谓语动词的宾语从句:

a. Having known what he had done in school, his father was very angry.

3.介词的宾语从句:

a. They talked half an hour about what happened in the school.

b. He is pleased with what we did yesterday.

c. Leifeng always thought of how he can do more for the people.

三.应注意的问题:

1.句中有宾语从句且有宾补时, 通常用it作形式宾语, 而把宾语从句移到宾补后

a. We think it wrong that he didn’t help Tom.

b. I feel it possible that you will finish the work in a day.

2.that从句一般不作介词的宾语, 但except等少数表示 “除外”的介词除外

a. I know nothing about him except that he lives next door.

3.关于主句和宾语从句的时态呼应:

①.如果主句是过去时, 宾语从句应是 “过去”范畴的某时态

a. He said he would fly to Egypt next day.

b. He remembered that he had left her umbrella in the library.

②.如果宾语从句表示的是客观真理或普遍现象, 可以保持 “现在”范畴时态, 而不与主句时态呼应

a. The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.

③.如果主句是一般现在时或一般将来时, 宾语从句根据情况选用所需要的时态

4.关于宾语从句的 “否定转移”: 主句的谓语动词为这些词( think, believe, expect, imagine, suppose, guess等)时, 宾语从句的否定转移到主句中去

a. I don’t think he will come.

b. I don’t think there are living things on the moon.

表语从句

一.定义: 在句中充当表语的从句就是表语从句

二.示例:

a. My idea is that we should help mother do house work every day.

b. The question is whether we can catch the early bus.

c. Nicotine! That’s what the smokers need.

d. Ten years of hard work! That’s why I now look so old.

同位语从句

一.定义: 在一个名词或代词(如: news, fact, idea, hope, promise, problem, possibility等)后面, 对其作进一步的解释、说明的从句称为同位语从句

二.示例:

a. I don’t know the fact that the fireman was killed in the fire.

b. I have no idea when Jack will be back.

c. He can’t answer the question how he got the money.

d. There is no doubt that she is fit for the job.

e. The news that our team has won the game is very exciting.

f. I didn’t tell mother the fact that I met with an accident on my way home.

常见问题

一.that引导名词从句与定语从句的区别:

1.引导名词从句的that本身无词义, 只起引导作用, 在从句中并不充当任何句子成分; 而引导定语从句的that是关系代词, 有词义(指代先行词), 除了起引导作用之外, 还在从句中充当句子成分

2.引导宾语从句的that可省略, 引导其他名词从句的that一般不能省略; 而引导定语从句的that如果在定语从句中充当宾语, 也可以省略

a. I know that smoking does harm to people’s health. (宾语从句)

b. The text tells me a fact that I have already known. (定语从句)

c. The news that he had passed the examination made her parents very happy.(同位语从句)

d. The news that he told me yesterday made me surprised.(定语从句)

二.which引导名词从句与定语从句的区别:

which引导名词从句时, 其含义是 “哪一个, 哪一些”; which引导定语从句时, 指代先行词, 其含义就是先行词的意思

a. There are so many beautiful caps in the shop. I really don’t know which one I should choose.(宾语从句)

b. I will never forget the days which we spent in the countryside. (定语从句)

三.that / what引导名词从句的区别:

引导名词从句时, that本身无词义, 只起引导作用, 在从句中也不充当任何句子成分; what有词义, what引导的名词从句的含义是 “…的事 / 物 (任何抽象的或具体的物) ”, what在从句中也充当一个成分

a. They knew that the habit may kill them.

b. What he wanted to see (“他想看到的事”)was an end to all the armies of the world.

c. Nicotine! That’s what the smokers need.(“抽烟者所需要的东西”)

四.引导名词从句时只用whether, 不用if的情况:

1.引导主语从句时:

a. Whether the Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.

2.引导表语从句时:

a. The problem is whether we need it.

3.引导介词后的宾语从句时:

a. He was worried about whether he passed the exam.

4.与or not连用时:

a. It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not.

5.置于不定式之前时:

a. I don’t know whether to go.

6.引导同位语从句时:

a. The problem whether we’ll build another school hasn’t been settled.

五.名词从句的语序问题: 名词从句中都要使用陈述语序, 参看前文例句

2.引导表语从句时:

a. The problem is whether we need it.

3.引导介词后的宾语从句时:

a. He was worried about whether he passed the exam.

4.与or not连用时:

a. It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not.

5.置于不定式之前时:

a. I don’t know whether to go.

6.引导同位语从句时:

a. The problem whether we’ll build another school hasn’t been settled

看过高三英语语法的人还看了：

1.高三英语语法复习资料

2.高三英语语法知识点

3.高中英语语法知识总结

4.高中英语语法知识点归纳总结

5.高考英语语法知识总结冠词

篇8：高一英语语法重点总结

用一般过去时代替完成时

1) 两个动作如按顺序发生，又不强调先后，或用then，and，but 等连词时，多用一般过去时。

When she saw the mouse，she screamed.

My aunt gave me a hat and I lost it.

2 ) 两个动作相继发生，可用一般过去时;如第一个动作需要若干时间完成，用过去完成时。 When I heard the news, I was very excited.

3) 叙述历史事实，可不用过去完成时，而只用一般过去时。

Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered America in 1492.

不用进行时的动词

1) 事实状态的动词

have, belong, possess, cost, owe, exist, include, contain, matter, weigh, measure, continue

I have two brothers.

This house belongs to my sister.

篇9：初一英语语法总结

初一英语语法总结

2、代词

项目：人称代词物主代词指示代词反身代词

人称主格宾格形容词名词性

第一人称

单数Imemyminemyself

复数weusouroursourselves

第二人称

单数youyouyouryoursyourself

复数youyouyouryoursyourselves

第三人称

单数sheherherhersherself hehimhishishimself itititsitsthisthatitself

复数theythemtheirtheirsthesethosethemselves

3、动词

A)第三人称单数

当动词是第三人称单数时，动词应该像名词的单数变动词那样加s，如下：

一)一般在词后加s。如：comes,spells,waits,talks,sees,dances,trains

二)在x,sh,ch,s,tch后加es。如：watches,washes,wishes,finishes

三)1)以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es。如：study-studies,hurry-hurries,try-tries

2)以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如：plays,says,stays,enjoys,buys

四)以o结尾加es。如：does,goes

五)特殊的有：are-is,have-has

B)现在分词

当我们说某人正在做什么事时，动词要使用分词形式，不能用原形，构成如下：

一)一般在后加ing。如：spell-spelling,sing-singing,see-seeing,train-training,play-playing,hurry-hurrying,watch-watching,go-going,do-doing

二)以不发音e的结尾的去掉e再加ing。如：dance-dancing,wake-waking,take-taking,practice-practicing,write-writing,have-having

三)以重读闭音节结尾且一个元音字母+一个辅音字母(注意除开字母组合如showCshowing,draw-drawing)要双写最后的辅音字母再加ing。如：put-putting,run-running,get-getting,let-letting,begin-beginning

四)以ie结尾的`变ie为y再加ing。如：tie-tying系die-dying死lie-lying位于

4、形容词的级

我们在对两个或以上的人或物进行对比时，则要使用比较或最高级形式。构成如下：

一)一般在词后加er或est(如果是以e结尾则直接加r或st)。如：greater-greatest,shorterCshortest,tallerCtallest,longerClongest,nicer-nicest,larger-largest

二)以重读闭音节结尾且1个元音字母+1个辅音字母(字母组合除外，如few-fewerfewest)结尾的双写结尾的辅音再加er/est。如：big-biggerbiggest,red-redderreddest,hot-hotterhottest

三)以辅音字母+y结尾的变y为i加er/est。如：happy-happierhappiest,sorry-sorriersorriest,friendly-friendlierfriendliest(morefriendlymostfriendly),busy-busierbusiest,easy-easiereasiest

四)特殊情况：(两好多坏，一少老远)

good/well-betterbestmany/much-moremostbad/illCworseworst

little-lessleastold-older/elderoldest/eldestfar-farther/furtherfarthest/furthest

5、数词(基变序，有规则;一、二、三，自己背;五、八、九、十二;其它后接th;y结尾，变为i,eth跟上去。)first,second,third;fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth;seventh,tenth,thirteenth,hundredth;twenty-twentieth,forty-fortieth,ninety-ninetieth

篇10：初一英语语法总结

1. 动词be(am,is,are)的用法：

be动词包括“am”, “is”, “are”三种形式。

①第一人称单数(I)配合am来用。句型解析析：I am+„

例句：I am Snoopy.

I am ten years old.

I am a student.

I am a boy.

②第二人称(You)配合are使用。句型解析：You are+„

例句：You are my good friend.

You are a good teacher.

You are beautiful

③第三人称单数(He or She or It)配合is使用。句型解析：She(He, It) is +„„ 例句：She is a good girl.

She is so tall.

She is short.

④人称复数 (we /you/they)配合are使用。句型解析：We (You, They) are +„„ 例句 We are in Class 5,Grade 7.

They are my friends.

You are good students.

用法口诀：

我(I)用am, 你(you)用are，is跟着他(he)，她(she)，它(it)。单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。变否定，更容易，be后not加上去。变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。还有一条须注意，句首大写莫忘记。

对应练习：

一. 用括号中适当的词填空。

1. I ________(am, are, is) from Australia.

2. She _______ (am, are, is) a student.

3. Jane and Tom _________(am, is, are) my friends.

4. My parents _______ (am, is, are) very busy every day.

5. _______ (Are, Is, Do, Does) there a Chinese school in New York?

一、用be 动词的适当形式填空

1. I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy? No, I _____ not.

2. The girl______ Jack's sister.

3. The dog _______ tall and fat.

4. The man with big eyes _______ a teacher.

5. ______ your brother in the classroom?

篇11：初一英语语法总结

疑问句是用来提出疑问的句子，句末用问号―?‖。常考的疑问句有四类，即：一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句。

第一节 一般疑问句

一般疑问句通常需要用yes 或no 来回答，所以又叫做―是非疑问句‖。在读这种句子时 要用升调。一般疑问句主要有以下几种类型：

1、―be + 主语 + 表语‖结构

— Are you sleepy ? 你困了吗?

— Yes, I am . 是的，我困了。

3、―情态动词 + 主语言+ 行为动词(或be)‖结构

— May/Can I use the telephone? 我能用这部电话吗?

— Yes, you can. 是的，可以。

5、―助动词(do, does, did)+ 主语 + 行为动词‖结构

— Do you like swimming in summer? 你喜欢夏天游泳吗?

— No, I don`t . 不，我不喜欢。

难点提示

回答否定性一般疑问句时，要在Yes 后面用肯定结构，表示肯定;在No 后面用否定结构，表示否定。注意在说法上正好与汉语习惯相反。诀窍是在回答的时候，只要把它当成没有加否定形式的普通一般疑问句看待就可以了。注意下面例句的回答和它的意思。

— Is he not your elder brother? 他不是你的哥哥吗?

—Yes, he is . 不，他是(我的哥哥)。No, he is not. 是的，他不是(我的哥哥)。 — Isn`t she very clever? 她难道不是很聪明吗?

— Yes, she is. 不，她很聪明。 — No, she is not . 是，她不聪明。

第二节 特殊疑问句

一、特殊疑问句是用来提出来特定问题的疑问句，要求听到问题的人针对特定情况来做具体的回答，不能像一般疑问句一样简单地用Yes 或No 来回答，特殊疑问句要用降调来读。

二、特殊疑问句的结构：

特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句

Who do English homework in the evening?谁晚上做英语家庭作业?

What do you do in the evening?你晚上做什么?

What homework do you do in the evening?你晚上做什么家庭作业?

When do you do English homework?你什么时候做英语家庭作业?

三、注意：

对人提问时who―谁‖

对所属(谁的)提问用whose―谁的‖

对哪一个提问用which―哪一个‖

对时间提问用when―什么时候‖或what time―几点‖

对物体提问用what―什么‖

对地点提问用where―哪里‖

对原因提问用why―为什么‖

对方式提问用how―怎么样‖

对数量提问用how many―多少‖(用于可数名词复数)或how much―多少‖(用于不可数名词)

四、难点提示

1、 以why开头的特殊疑问句否定形式常用于表示建议、请求等。 Why don`t you have a try? 你为什么不试试呢?

2、 特殊疑问句常用到一些缩略形式，在平时学习中要注意习惯这些用法。

I don`t want to go there. How about you? 我不想去那儿，你呢?

But what else? 可是还有什么呢?

把下列句子变成否定句：

1. I am listening to music. _______________________________________

2. Mike is a student. _______________________________________

3Sarah can clean the classroom. ________________________________________

4. They are in the zoo. ________________________________________

5. There are some flowers in the vase.________________________________________

看过初一英语语法的相关知识的人还看了：

篇12：初一英语语法总结

一、 重点语法

1. 动词be（am,is,are）的用法：

be动词包括“am”, “is”, “are”三种形式。

①第一人称单数(I)配合am来用。句型解析析：I am+? 例句：I am Snoopy.

I am ten years old. I am a student. I am a boy.

②第二人称(You)配合are使用。句型解析：You are+? 例句：You are my good friend.

You are a good teacher. You are beautiful ③第三人称单数(He or She or It)配合is使用。句型解析：She(He, It) is +?? 例句：She is a good girl.

She is so tall. She is short. ④人称复数 (we /you/they)配合are使用。句型解析：We (You, They) are +?? 例句 We are in Class 5,Grade 7.

They are my friends. You are good students.

用法口诀：

我(I)用am, 你(you)用are，is跟着他(he)，她(she)，它(it)。单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。变否定，更容易，be后not加上去。变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。还有一条须注意，句首大写莫忘记。

对应练习：

一. 用括号中适当的词填空。

1. I ________(am, are, is) from Australia. 2. She _______ (am, are, is) a student.

3. Jane and Tom _________(am, is, are) my friends. 4. My parents _______ (am, is, are) very busy every day.

5. _______ (Are, Is, Do, Does) there a Chinese school in New York? 6. _______ (Be, Are, Were, Was) they excited when he heard the news? 7. There _____ (be) some glasses on it.

8. If he _____ (be) free tomorrow, he will go with us. 一、用be 动词的适当形式填空

1. I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy? No, I _____ not.

2. The girl______ Jacks sister. 3. The dog _______ tall and fat.

4. The man with big eyes _______ a teacher. 5. ______ your brother in the classroom?

6. Where _____ your mother? She ______ at home. 7. How _______ your father?

8. Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school. 9. Whose dress ______ this? 10. Whose socks ______ they? 11. That ______ my red skirt. 12. Who ______ I?

13.The jeans ______ on the desk. 14.Here ______ a scarf for you.

15. Here ______ some sweaters for you. 16. The black gloves ______ for Su Yang. 17. This pair of gloves ______ for Yang Ling. 18. The two cups of milk _____ for me. 19. Some tea ______ in the glass.

20. Gao shans shirt _______ over there.

第二课时（1）英语人称代词和物主代词

一、人称代词

表示“我”、“你”、“他”、“她”、“它”、“我们”、“你们”、“他们”的词，叫做人称代词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化，见下表：

人称代词主格：作主语，表示谁怎么样了、干什么了。

I am a teacher. You are student. He is a student, too. We/You/They are students.

人称代词宾格作宾语，表示动作行为的对象。 Give it to me. Let’s go (let’s =let us)

二、物主代词

表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词，也可叫做代词所有格。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词二种，其人称和数的变化见下表。

形容词性物主代词(my/your/his/her/its/our/their)+名词

而名词性物主代词则相当于形容词性物主代词+名词,故其后不必加名词。如： Is this your book?

No,，it isn’t， it’s hers(her book) This pen is mine.

代词练习（一）

一、选出括号中正确的词，在正确的词上打勾。

1. This is（my / I）mother. 2. Nice to meet （your / you）. 3. （He / His）name is Mark. 4. What’s（she / her）name? 5. Excuse（me / my / I）. 6. Are（your / you）Miss Li? 7. （I/ My）am Ben. 8. （She / Her）is my sister. 9. Fine , thank （your / you）. 10. How old is （he / his）

二、用所给代词的正确形式填空。

1. These are ______ ( he ) brothers. 2. That is _______( she ) sister. 3. Lily is _______ ( Lucy ) sister.

4. Tom, this is _____ ( me ) cousin, Mary.

5. Now _____________(her parent) are in America.

6. Those __________ ( child ) are _____ ( I ) father’s students. 7. Do you know ______ ( it ) name?

8. Mike and Tom __________ ( be ) friends. 9. Thanks for helping ________( I ).

10. ______(Ann安)mother is ______(we) teacher.

三、单项选择。

（ ）1. My family ____ a big family. My family ____all here.

A. is, is B. are, are C. is, are D. are, is

（ ）2. This is __________.

A. a picture of family B. a picture of my family

C. a family’s picture D. a family of my picture

（ ）3. Let’s __________ good friends.

A. be B. are C. is D. am

（ ）4. Is she your aunt? Yes, __________.

A. she’s B. her is C. she is D. he is

（ ）5. Are __________ coats yours? Yes, they are .

A. they B. these C. this D. there

（ ）6. Is that __________ uncle? No, it isn’t

A. he B. she C. her D. hers

（ ）7. Mrs. Green is __________ grandmother. A. Jim and Kate B. Jim and Kate’s

C. Jim’s and Kate’s D. Jim and Kates’

（ ）8. Do you know the name _____Mr. Green’s son?

A. in B. of C. on D. or

（ ）9. __________ the great photo of your family. A. thank for B. Thanks for

C. Thank for D. thanks for

（ ）10. Are those your friends? __________. A. Yes, they’re B. No, they are

C. Yes, they are D. Yes, those are

代词练习（二）

一、用适当的代词填空

1．We like ________ (he, his , him) very much. 2．Is this guitar ________ (you, your, yours)? 3．________(She, Her, Hers) name is Li Li.

4．Father bought a desk for ________ (I, my, me, mine). 5．________ (It, Its, Its) is very cold today. 6．Is this your book, Mike?

Yes ,________(we, you, they )are. 7．Are you and Tom classmates? Yes, ________(we, you ,they )are.

8．Each of the students ________( have, has) a pen pal. 9．He has a dog. I want to have ________(it, one ),too. 10．Her parents are ________ (both, all ,either )teachers.

11．The text is easy for you .There are ________( few, a few ,little,

a little) new words in it .

12．I want ________( some, any) bananas. Give me these big ________

(one, ones).

二、选择正确的答案

1．Is this ________ book?

A．you B．I C．she D．your

2．Its a bird. ________ name is Polly.

A．Its B．Its C．His D．It

3．Whats that ?________ a jeep.

A．its B．Its C．Its D．its

4．Whats that in English? ________.

A．Its egg B．Thats egg C．Its a egg D．Its an egg

5．Whose cat is this ? Is it yours? Is it a white _______? A．cats B．one C．ones D．cats

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