高考英语第二轮总复习讲座之八
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篇1：高考英语第二轮总复习讲座之八
Unit8 情态动词和助动词
一、考点聚焦
1、情态动词的基本用法
(1)can、be able to 和could
①can和be able to都表示能力，意思上没多大区别。但can只有现在和过去时，而be able to则有更多的形式。但当成功地完成某一具体动作时，通常不用could而用was/were able to来表示。这时was/were able to 相当于managed to，表示经过一番努力，终于能够完成某事。如：
Can you use chopsticks?
The wounded man still was able to get to the village and was saved in the
end.
②can和could
can和could都可以表示能力、技能、许可、建议或请求和可能性。但比较委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法，一般用could，回答时则用can。如：
Could you help me carry the bag?
Can I help you?
(2)may/might
①may/might表示可能，但may比might可能性大。如：-Why isn’t he in class?
He may be sick.(生病的可能性较大)
-
He might be sick.(生病的可能性较小)
②may/might表示“允许”，may用于现在时或将来时，might常用在间接引语中表过去时，但might也可用于现在时间，表示比较委婉的语气，回答用may。如：
He says we may leave.
He said we might leave.
③may / might 表示建议或请求，但might比may 更客气，意思更肯定而无过去时态的含义。
Yes, you can / may.
-May / Might I use your bike? -
No, you mustn’t
（3）must
①must表示必须，应该，没有时态变化。如：
You must do everything as I do.
②must表示肯定的推测。如：
The light is still on, so he must be at home.
③mustn’t 表示禁止做某事。如：
You mustn’t smoke in the office.
（4）have to
have to 表示“必须、不得不”，是由于某种外界（客观）原因而“必须”，“不得不”做某事，也可表示经常的或习惯性的事“必须”做。have to的否定形式表示不必。have to可用于多种时态中。如：
You will have to clean your own boots when you join the army.
I have to be at my office every evening.
（5）should / ought to
①should和ought to表示应当、应该，前者比后者语气轻。如：
You should / ought to work hard.
②should / ought to work hard.
Since she is not here, whe should / ought to be in the classroom.
③should / ought to的否定形式表示禁止之意。如：
Children shouldn’t smoke.
④should可表示陈述意见，推出建议或请求；而ought to可以表示劝告之意。如：
You ought to respect your parents.
He suggested that they should leave at once.
（6）will / would
①will 用于各种人称表示“意志”、“意愿”或“决心”等，否定式won’t + 动词。如：
I will tell you all about it.
Tom won’t do such a thing.
②will用于疑问句中，常用在第二称时表示说话人向对方提出“请求”或“询问”如：
Will you please tell her the news when you see her?
③will 表示习惯性的动作，有“总是”、“惯于”的含义。如：
Fish will die out of water.
④would 表示客气的请求、建议或意愿。如：
Would you please be quiet?
Would you like coffee?
⑤would 表示过去反复发生的动作。如：
When I passed my school I would see my teachers who taught me 5 years ago.
（7）need
need 作“必要”讲，既可作情态动词，也可作实义动词。作实义动词时后面的动词不定式要带to，其变化与一般动词相同。如：
I need to think it over.
-Need you go now? -Yes, I must./No, I needn’t
（8）dare
dare表示“敢”的意思。作为情态动词时，主要用在疑问句和否定句中。dare若作实义动词，后面可带to的不定式，此时to也可以省略。dare与need的用法相似。如：
How dare you say that?
She doesn’t date(to)ask her father.
（9）used to
used to表示过去常常发生的动作或存在的习惯，但现在已不复存在了。如：
He used to smoke.
（10）shall
①shall作为情态动词用于第二、三人称，表示说话人的意愿，有“命令”、“警告、威胁、强制”和“允许”等意思。如：
We shall do as our teacher says.
You shall have the book as soon as I finish it.
②在疑问句中，shall用于征求对方的意见或请求指示，常用于第一、第三人称。如：
Where shall he wait for us?
Shall we go out for a walk?
2、情态动词表示推测或判断的用法
下表即是表示推测的情态动词使用的场合：
情态动词 对现在和未来的推测 对过去的推测 使 用 场 合
must must + 动词原形 must have done 肯定句
may / might may / might + 动词原形 May / might have done 肯定句、否定句
can /could can / could do Can / could have done 否定句、疑问名（could可用于肯定句）
should 用来表示一种估计的情况“按理会/估计会”should do/be should have done 肯定句、否定句、疑问句
例如：
It must have rained last night.
She may not be at home. = It is possible that she is not at home.
She can’t be at home. = It is impossible that she is at home.
They should be there right now.
3、情态动词在虚拟语气中的用法
情态动词用于虚拟语气中表示责备的感情色彩，用法如下：
（1）should have done表示“本来应该做某事而实际上未做”，而shouldn’t have done则表示“本不应该做某事而实际上做了”。如：
You should have told me about it earlier.
You shouldn’t have said such words to your parents.
（2）ought to have done也表示“本应该……”而ought not to have done则意为“本不应该……”。如：
You ought to have told me about it earlier.
You ought not to have said such words to your parents.
（3）needn’t have done表示“本无必要做某事而实际上做了”。如：
You needn’t have walked so quickly since time was enough.
（4）could have done表示“本来有可能……而事实上未做到”。如：
I could have come on time, but my car broke on the way.
二、精典名题导解
选择填空
1. I was really anxious about you. You________home without a word.(NMET )
A.mustn’t have B.shouldn’t have left
C.couldn’t have left D.needn’t have
解析：答案为B。本题考查的是情态动词在虚拟语气中的用法。题目给出的条件是“我确实非常担心你”，因此后面可知应是责备you不应该没说一句话就离开了。
2.-Are you coming to Jeff’s party?
-I’m not sure. I__________ go to the concert instead.(NMET )
A.must B.would C.should D.might
解析：答案为D。本题考查情态动词的基本用法。由题目中“I’m not sure”,表明我可能去Jeff’s party，也可能去音乐会，故用might。
3. -Will you stay for lunch?
-Sorry, ____________. My brother is coming to see me.(NMET 99)
A.I mustn’t B.I can’t C.I needn’t D.I won’t
解析：答案为B。本题考查表示请求的英语口语，用will来向第二人称提问的疑问结构，是表示一种请求和意愿，是用疑问的形式来表达较为婉转的祈使语气，意思是“请你……，好吗”，对于这种问句的肯定回答是：Suree! Gertainly! Yes, of course. I’d be glad to 等；否定回答通常是：I’m sorry, I can’t. No, I’m afraid I can’t. I’m sorry, but … I’d like to, but …等。注意情态动词表客气的用法及其在一般疑问句中的问与答。
三、专项训练
1. -Jack certainly has a low opinion of Janny.
-It_______than hers of him.
A.can’t be any worse B.can be any worse
C.can be some worse D.can’t be more worse
2. She_______be at home because she phoned me from her office just now.
A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.can’t D.shouldn’t
3. The big fire last night_______the whole building.But the heavy rain helped.
A.might be burning down B.should have been burned down
C.could have burned down D.must have been burned down
4. I want to go to the dentist,but you_______with me.
A.need not to go B.don’t need go C.need not go D.need go not
5. -Must we take a bus?
-No,you_______,You can walk from here.
A.must not B.don’t have to C.don’t must D.don’t need
6. You_______return the book now.You can keep it till next week if you like.
A.can’t B.mustn’t C.may not D.needn’t
7. -Could I borrow your dictionary?
-Yes,of course you_______.
A.might B.will C.can D.should
8. -May I stay here for another day?
-No,you_______.
A.mustn’t B.might not C.needn’t D.won’t
9. -You ought to have helped her yesterday.
-Yes,I know I_______.
A.ought toB.ought to have
C.ought have done D.ought to have called
10. -_______he open the door?
-Yes,please.
A.Shall B.Will C.Can D.Would
11. Whatever difficulties we_______with,we’ll go on with the experiment.
A.meet B.met C.shall meet D.may meet
12. In the end they_______save the cat on the roof.
A.could B.were able to C.must D.need
13. Mr.Tom is in poor health.He_______be ill at any time.
A.may B.should C.can D.will
14. -Could I see you on Sunday?
-Yes,of course you_______.
A.can B.might C.will D.should
15. I thought you_______like something to read,so I have brought you some books.
A.may B.must C.could D.might
16. -Do you have to go out?
-Sorry,but I really_______.
A.have to B.must C.may D.can
17. “Manager,some people want to see you,_______they wait in the hall or outside?”asked the secretary.
A.will B.must C.shall D.may
18. There was plenty of time,she_______.
A.needn’t have hurried B.mustn’t have hurried
C.have hurriedD.couldn’t have hurried
19. You_______walk for miles and miles among the hills without meeting anyone.
A.must B.need C.should D.may
20. You_______do what you like to the whole afternoon.
A.could B.can C.are able to D.can be able
21. Look,what you have done! You_______more careful.
A.may be B.had to C.should be D.would be
22. Whoever breaks the law_______.
A.can be punished B.is to punish
C.is to be punished D.are punished
23. Don’t throw the box away.It_______in the future.
A.shall be needed B.is needed C.might need D.might be needed
24. All that_______must be done.
A.should be done B.is done C.was done D.has been done
25. There_______an English evening next Saturday.
A.will have B.is going to be C.is to have D.is going to do
26. The news_______about everywhere now.
A.is talking B.has been talked
C.is being talked D.is being talking
27. We shall stay in the village for one or two days,and then we_______that mountain.
A.go to climb B.go on climbing
C.will have climbed D.are going to climb
28. Suddenly he thought that a bicycle_______be very useful.
A.would B.will C.is to D.should
29. Johnny,you_______play with the knife,you_______hurt yourself.
A.won’t;can’t B.mustn’t;may
C.shouldn’t;must D.can’t;shouldn’t
30. Your phone number again? I_______quite catch it.
A.couldn’t B.don’t C.didn’t D.can’t
31. Come early tomorrow,_______?
A.don’t you B.do you C.shall you D.will you
32. Let’s go to see our teacher who is in hospital,_______?
A.shall we B.will you C.don’t we D.do you
33. Everyone_______do his best to study well in order to sense the people well in future.
A.can B.should C.may D.might
34. -May I stop here?
-No,you_______.
A.might not B.needn’t C.mustn’t D.won’t
35. -Dare he go to the cinema in the evening?
-_______.
A.I dare too B.No,I don’t C.Yes,I do D.No,I daren’t
36. Don’t be worried.The news_______be true.
A.may not B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.shan’t
37. I will return your notes as soon as I_______copying them.
A.will finish B.do finish C.finish D.be finished
38. You_______do it even if you want to.
A.can’t B.have to C.mustn’t D.needn’t
39. When_______possible to get some more information?
A.has it B.had it C.would be it D.would it be
40. He_______the test,but he wasn’t careful enough.
A.could have passed B.was able to pass
C.might be able to pass D.must have passed
参考答案
1-10 ACCCB DCABA 11-20 DBCAD BCADB
21-30 CCDAB CDABC 31-40 DABCD ACBDA
篇2：高考英语第二轮复习策略
高考英语第二轮复习策略
20高考英语第二轮复习策略杨慧妍
广州市第十中学高中英语教师，荣获“越秀区优秀辅导老师”称号。赴英国布莱顿和加拿大多伦多等地参加英语骨干教师培训，具有高考英语口试主考官的资格。论文和教学设计曾多次获得市级和国家级的奖项。
进入高三快一个学期了，同学们开始进入到第二轮复习，对于高三同学来说，即将到来的英语期末考试是一次非常重要的练兵机会，不仅可以检验半个学期来基本知识和技能的掌握，还有助于审视自己的学习方法，进一步发掘需要提高和改进之处。
那同学们应该如何积极备考呢？建议如下：
一、把握总体策略
期末考试是综合性考试，题型大体接近高考。因此，备考过程中要充分了解自己，哪些题型是自己的弱项，从而及时进行补缺。就题型而言，听力会占整张考卷的五分之一，完型填空、阅读理解约占三分之一，6句中译英几乎必不可少。此外，写作可能也要考察。可以看出，听力、阅读和写作占据了整张试卷的大半。
因此，如果把大量时间投入到语法训练中，备考则会偏离轨道。相反，必要的听力训练、大量的阅读训练和适量的写作训练才是备考的重点。
二、重点加强听读
就听力而言，最好找一些难度略低于高考的练习进行针对的训练，如能坚持每两天听一套则更佳。阅读训练中要注意阅读的速度和效率，要为自己规定好时间。阅读时要有“痕迹”，即随手圈划出重点词汇和句子，以及题目的答案所在。阅读中要逼迫自己去猜测词义，去理解长句，去把握通篇文章的意思，去了解作者的写作意图和所持观点。
总之，在阅读训练中，对自己要求要高，不能拘泥于只做选择题。
三、温故知新
对新授课文的复习要把握重点词汇和结构，这可能对中译英有帮助。另外，尽量把高二以来（包括高二）所有中译英进行温习，一方面对旧知识进行了复习，另一方面有助于了解自己写句时最容易犯的错误，如主谓一致、漏译、标点遗漏、单词拼写等，以提醒自己在期末考试中注意回避。
四、写作训练
对于写作，建议同学们多读些范文，了解高考作文的基本框架和要求。写作的功夫在平常，不能一蹴而就。但由于考试时没有条件打草稿，考前有必要进行一些思维训练。要有目的地积累一些词组、句型，以便在写作中加以运用。
当然，必要的语法复习也是不容忽视的。语法复习要注重语法的基本概念和基本范畴，要注意自己平时易错的语法点，也要进行必要的练习。
有同学会说了，现在距离期末考试已经很近了，鉴于当前复习时间这么短，我们应该怎样充分利用时间，高效地完成复习任务呢？关于这个问题，我觉得大家试试以下方法：
1、多听老师的，少自作主张
虽然同学们之前经历过很多考试，但高考对于我们来讲还是有些陌生。有些学生对于自己的知识缺陷到底有哪些，高考的重点是什么也不一定有非常清晰的了解。而高三的英语第一轮复习主要就是从语法和词法两个方面帮助大家梳理知识，并对应试策略加以指导。
因此我们在安排自己的复习内容时要尽量和老师同步，把当天复习的内容彻底搞清楚，并辅以相应的练习加以巩固。遇到不会的，应该第一时间请教老师，千万不要留到最后甚至弃置不管。
2、多用碎时间，少搞大突击
英语学科是非常适合利用零碎时间来学习的。五分钟的时间能干什么？也许别的学科可以安排的复习活动并不多，但是英语却有很多。比如我们可以背单词，可以做一篇速读，可以朗读一篇文章，可以做若干个单项选择，可以听听力，可以翻看任何英语的杂志、报刊甚至小说等。总而言之，时间是海绵里的水，挤挤总是有的。当然，如果我们要复习一个比较重要的.语法项目，或者做一套英语试题的时候，我们也需要相对完整的时间，但基于语言学习的灵活性，同学们要培养语言学习的意识。学生在制定自己的复习计划时，正确的做法是每天复习两至三科为宜，而英语虽然持续时间不需要很长，但每天都接触确实十分必要。
3、多接触英语，少钻研语法
近几年的高考越来越重视同学们运用英语的能力，逐渐削弱了对・于语法的考察。纵观一份高考英语试卷，单纯考察语法的题目几乎没有。此外，还逐渐加大了词义、词语辨析的考察。完形填空的四个选项是没有语法的错误的，考察大家是否能够根据文章的意思，选择用法上最恰当的词。阅读理解更是考察大家对于 篇章的理解。当然，语法并不是不重要，只是提醒大家在复习的时候，要做到从语言的使用入手，而不是只对语法规则感兴趣。
4、多做高考题，少抠模拟题
要想熟悉高考的思路，最重要的一环就是做题。近五年的高考试题，特别是有些地区新课标执行起来题型发生了变化，就更需要我们适应它。在做高考题的时候，应该注意以下几个方面：
a、时间的把控。这需要同学们一次性完成一整套试题，特别留意一下每部分自己的答题时间，并科学规划，保证在规定的时间内提前五分钟完成，留有检查的余地。
b、总结一下各部分的得分情况，了解自己的强弱项。
c、留意出题点，揣摩不同内容出题人的着眼点在哪里，做到知己知彼。当然如果真题做完了，同学们也可以试着做一些模拟题。特别是有些省市刚刚进入到新课标，有了新的题型和要求，但是相对配套的练习却比较少，这就需要我们重视近一、二年的模拟题。模拟题因为权威性稍逊一筹，因此有的题目可能较偏、较难，有的还会偏离考试大纲，希望同学们遇到此种情况及时请教老师，对于不要求掌握的内容不必深究。
五、多攻词汇表，少记课外词
词汇背诵是高考备考非常重要的一环，同学们要及早动手。在第一轮复习的时候，至少要过词意关。即看到一个单词，就能准确说出它的意思。在写作的时候，也能够找到恰当的单词来表达。词汇量大的学生在考试的时候有一定的优势。但不需盲目地背甚至于词汇表之外的单词。高考试卷中的单词是严格按照考试大纲中的词汇来选择的，阅读中只会有2%-3%的生词量。因此，同学们千万不要花大量的时间在课外词上，这样只会顾此失彼。
六、多做一般题，少钻研难题
其实英语这个学科是没有难题的。同学们说的所谓的难题主要由以下原因引起：单选不会做，说明基础知识欠扎实；文章看不懂，这与词汇量有关；答题时间不够，说明缺乏模拟训练。总而言之，都是和训练不够，功夫下得不够有关系。如果确实碰到了非常刁钻的题，说明它已经偏离了高考的大纲，我们就可以忽略它。这种个别情况一般在模拟题中出现。
七、多阅读完形，少做单选题
我们常说：“得阅读者得天下”。要想在高考中取得好成绩，阅读完形的持续训练是必不可少的，看看这两项在高考中所占的分值并不难明白。即使是听力、单选这样的题目也离不开审题。有些学生因为懒惰，不愿意多下功夫，一心扑在单选题上，这样的做法是不可取的。
最后，我衷心希望同学们在高三的第一个期末考试中发挥出水平，打好高三第一仗，很好地检验一个学期的复习成果，并让期末考试成为自己高考备考的一个新的起点！
篇3：高考英语第二轮总复习讲座之十五Unit15 it的用法
一、考点聚焦
1、it的基本用法
（1）用作人称代词，代替前文提到过的事物。
The train has arrived. It arrived half an hour ago.
（2）用以代替提示代词this, that。
-What’s this? -It’s a knife.
-Whose watch is that? -It’s mine.
（3）起指示代词的作用，指一个人或事物。
-Who is knocking at the door? -It’s me.
（4）指环境情况等。
It was very noisy (quiet) at the very moment.
（5）指时间、季节等。
-What time is it? -It’s eight o’clock.
It often rains in summer here.
（6）指距离。
It is a long way to the school.
（7）作形式主语。
It is not easy to finish the work in two days.
It is no use crying over spilt milk.
It is as pity that you didn’t read the book.
（8）作形式宾语。
I think it no use arguing with him.
I found it very interesting to study English.
He made it clear that he was not interested in that subject.
（9）用于强调结构。
It was Xiaoming whom(that)I met in the street last night.
It was in the street that I met Xiaoming last night.
It ws last night that I met Xiaoming in the street.
It was I who met Xiaoming in the street last night.
2、含有“It is …”的句型
（1）It is time (for sb.) to do sth.
It is (high) time that sb. did sth.(虚拟语气)
（2）It is + 形容词（+of / for sb.）+ to do sth.
通常用 of的词有brave、clever、careful、hopeless、kind、good、naughty、nice、silly、stupid、foolish、wise等。
（3）It is + 形容词 + that + sb. + (should) do sth.（虚拟语气）
能用于这个句型的形容词有strange、wonderful、natural、good、proper、right、wrong、well、fortunate、important、necessary、useless、likely、probable、impossible等。有时可省去should而直接用动词原形。如：
It is important that we should pay close attention to grain.
It is natural that he（should）say so.
（4）It is no use/ good + doing sth.
It is no use trying again = It is of no use to try again.
（5）It is + 被强调部分 + that/who + …
Was it in the street that you met her?
Who was it that called him“comrade”?
It was not until yesterday that I met my old friend.
It is in a small factory that my brother is going to work.（注意上述各句均为强调句型的“考点”）
比较：It is a small factory where my brother is going to work.（定语从句）
（6）It is said/reported/announced/ (well) known … that…
（7）It is/was + 时间 + since … 从……已多久了。
It is three years since I met him in Beijing.
It was a long time since I (had) lived in that small mountain village with these farmers.（注意两句中的时态）
It is five months since I arrived in New York.我到纽约已经五个月了。
It is five months since I was in New York.我离开纽约已经五个月了。
（注意：终止性动词表示从动作发生时算起；如果是状态动词或持续性动词，则从动作或状态结束时算起。）
（8）It is + 时间 + before …
这个句型和上面句型中时间都是时间段，如long、years、months、weeks、five days、three hours、twenty minutes等。不过主句的时态多用一般将来时或一般过去时。
It will be several years before we meet again.
我们要过好几年才能再见面。
It was not long before they set out for the front.
不久他们就出发去了前线。
（9）It is /was/will be the first/second/third … time that …
It is the first time that I have been here.
It was the second time that he had seen the film.
（10）It is up to sb. to do sth … 应由某人做某事。
It is up to you to decide whether we start or not.
二、精典名题导解
选择填空
1. _________ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.(NMET 1995)
A.There B.This C.That D.It
解析：答案为D。本题考查作形式主语的用法。that引导的从句是真正的主语。为避免头重脚轻而平衡句子结构，将it置于句首作形式主语。
2. I hope there are enough glasse for each guest to have ________.(NMET 1995)
A.it B.those C.them D.one
解析：答案为D。本题考查替代词it和one的区别。it用于替代同类的、特定的、同一的事物；one替代同类的、泛指的人或物。根据题意“我希望有足够的杯子使每个客人有一个。”可知应用one泛指enough glasses中的一个。
3. Was __________ that I saw last night at the concert?
A.it you B.not you C.you D.that yourself
解析：答案为A。本题考查强调句型的疑问式。只须将句序变为陈述句便不难得出答案。
三、专项训练
1.Was it during the Second World War_____ he died?
A.that B.while C.in which D.then (88)
2.Is ____ necessary to complete the design before National Day?
A.this B.that C.it D.he (89)
3.I don’t think ____ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.
A.this B.that C.itsD.it (91)
4.Does ______ matter if he can’t finish the job on time?
A.this B.that C.heD.it (91)
5.It was not _____ she took off her glasses _____ I realized she was a famous film star.
A.when , that B.until , that C.until , that D.when , then (92)
6.I was disappointed with the film . I had expected ______ to be much better.
A.that B.thisC.one D.it (93)
7.It was not until 1920 ______ regular radio broadcasts began.
A.while B.which C.that D.since (94)
8.______is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
A.There B.ThisC.That D.It (95)
9.It was only when I reread this poems recently _____ I began to appreciate their beauty.
A.until B.thatC.then D.so(97)
10.I hate_____when people talk with their mouths full.
A.it B.that C.these D.them (98)
11.It is the ability to do the job _____ matters not where you come from or what you are.
A.one B.thatC.what D.it
参考答案
1-5 ACDDB 6-10 DCDBA 11 B
篇4：高考英语第二轮总复习讲座之十五(人教版高考复习英语教案教学设计)
Unit15 it的用法
一、考点聚焦
1、it的基本用法
（1）用作人称代词，代替前文提到过的事物。
The train has arrived. It arrived half an hour ago.
（2）用以代替提示代词this, that。
-What’s this? -It’s a knife.
-Whose watch is that? -It’s mine.
（3）起指示代词的作用，指一个人或事物。
-Who is knocking at the door? -It’s me.
（4）指环境情况等。
It was very noisy (quiet) at the very moment.
（5）指时间、季节等。
-What time is it? -It’s eight o’clock.
It often rains in summer here.
（6）指距离。
It is a long way to the school.
（7）作形式主语。
It is not easy to finish the work in two days.
It is no use crying over spilt milk.
It is as pity that you didn’t read the book.
（8）作形式宾语。
I think it no use arguing with him.
I found it very interesting to study English.
He made it clear that he was not interested in that subject.
（9）用于强调结构。
It was Xiaoming whom(that)I met in the street last night.
It was in the street that I met Xiaoming last night.
It ws last night that I met Xiaoming in the street.
It was I who met Xiaoming in the street last night.
2、含有“It is …”的句型
（1）It is time (for sb.) to do sth.
It is (high) time that sb. did sth.(虚拟语气)
（2）It is + 形容词（+of / for sb.）+ to do sth.
通常用 of的词有brave、clever、careful、hopeless、kind、good、naughty、nice、silly、stupid、foolish、wise等。
（3）It is + 形容词 + that + sb. + (should) do sth.（虚拟语气）
能用于这个句型的形容词有strange、wonderful、natural、good、proper、right、wrong、well、fortunate、important、necessary、useless、likely、probable、impossible等。有时可省去should而直接用动词原形。如：
It is important that we should pay close attention to grain.
It is natural that he（should）say so.
（4）It is no use/ good + doing sth.
It is no use trying again = It is of no use to try again.
（5）It is + 被强调部分 + that/who + …
Was it in the street that you met her?
Who was it that called him“comrade”?
It was not until yesterday that I met my old friend.
It is in a small factory that my brother is going to work.（注意上述各句均为强调句型的“考点”）
比较：It is a small factory where my brother is going to work.（定语从句）
（6）It is said/reported/announced/ (well) known … that…
（7）It is/was + 时间 + since … 从……已多久了。
It is three years since I met him in Beijing.
It was a long time since I (had) lived in that small mountain village with these farmers.（注意两句中的时态）
It is five months since I arrived in New York.我到纽约已经五个月了。
It is five months since I was in New York.我离开纽约已经五个月了。
（注意：终止性动词表示从动作发生时算起；如果是状态动词或持续性动词，则从动作或状态结束时算起。）
（8）It is + 时间 + before …
这个句型和上面句型中时间都是时间段，如long、years、months、weeks、five days、three hours、twenty minutes等。不过主句的时态多用一般将来时或一般过去时。
It will be several years before we meet again.
我们要过好几年才能再见面。
It was not long before they set out for the front.
不久他们就出发去了前线。
（9）It is /was/will be the first/second/third … time that …
It is the first time that I have been here.
It was the second time that he had seen the film.
（10）It is up to sb. to do sth … 应由某人做某事。
It is up to you to decide whether we start or not.
二、精典名题导解
选择填空
1. _________ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.(NMET 1995)
A.There B.This C.That D.It
解析：答案为D。本题考查作形式主语的用法。that引导的从句是真正的主语。为避免头重脚轻而平衡句子结构，将it置于句首作形式主语。
2. I hope there are enough glasse for each guest to have ________.(NMET 1995)
A.it B.those C.them D.one
解析：答案为D。本题考查替代词it和one的区别。it用于替代同类的、特定的、同一的事物；one替代同类的、泛指的人或物。根据题意“我希望有足够的杯子使每个客人有一个。”可知应用one泛指enough glasses中的一个。
3. Was __________ that I saw last night at the concert?
A.it you B.not you C.you D.that yourself
解析：答案为A。本题考查强调句型的疑问式。只须将句序变为陈述句便不难得出答案。
三、专项训练
1.Was it during the Second World War_____ he died?
A.that B.while C.in which D.then (88)
2.Is ____ necessary to complete the design before National Day?
A.this B.that C.it D.he (89)
3.I don’t think ____ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.
A.this B.that C.itsD.it (91)
4.Does ______ matter if he can’t finish the job on time?
A.this B.that C.heD.it (91)
5.It was not _____ she took off her glasses _____ I realized she was a famous film star.
A.when , that B.until , that C.until , that D.when , then (92)
6.I was disappointed with the film . I had expected ______ to be much better.
A.that B.thisC.one D.it (93)
7.It was not until 1920 ______ regular radio broadcasts began.
A.while B.which C.that D.since (94)
8.______is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
A.There B.ThisC.That D.It (95)
9.It was only when I reread this poems recently _____ I began to appreciate their beauty.
A.until B.thatC.then D.so(97)
10.I hate_____when people talk with their mouths full.
A.it B.that C.these D.them (98)
11.It is the ability to do the job _____ matters not where you come from or what you are.
A.one B.thatC.what D.it (2000)
参考答案
1-5 ACDDB 6-10 DCDBA 11 B
篇5：高考英语第二轮总复习讲座之十二(人教版高考复习英语教案教学设计)
Unit12 定语从句
一、考点聚焦
1、功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语
2、位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后
Those who are willing to attend the party, sign here please.
3、先行词：被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词
（1）先行词一般是名词和不定代词，如:some-, any-, every-和no与-boy, -thing的合成词；或all、none、any、some、that、those等代词。数词也可以作先行词，人称代词也同样可作先行词。
（2）先行词与关系词是等量关系。必须注意两点：
①先行词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数由先行词而定。
This is the place which is worth visiting.
②关系词在从句句子中充当了成分，其意思就是先行词的意义，所以在从句中不能重复其意。
There are many places we can visit（them）in China.
4、关系词：引导定语从句的都称关系词
关系代词：who, whom, which, that, whose, as。
关系副词：when, where, why。that偶尔也作关系副词。
5、确定关系词的步骤
（1）先找关系词，看先行词指的是什么。
（2）看关系词在从句中所充当的成分。
6、在定语从句中，当先行词指物时，下列情况的关系词宜用that而不用which
（1）先行词被①形容词最高级 ②序数词 ③数词几种词修饰或被 ④only、any、few、little、no、all、one of等修饰时。
（2）先行词为all、much、little、none、few、one、something、anything等不定代词时。
（3）先行词中既有人又有物时。
He was looking pleasantly at te children and parcels that filled his bus.
（4）先行词在主句中作表语关系词在从句中作表语时。
The village is no longer the one that was 5 years ago.
（5）当主句中含有疑问词which时。
Which are the books that you bought for me ?
7、宜用which而不用that的情况
（1）在非限制性定语从句中
（2）在关系词前有介词时
（3）当先行词本身是that时
（4）当关系词离先行词较远时
8、关系词who与that指人时，也有不同情况分别用不同的关系词
（1）当主句是there be句型时，关系词用who。
（2）先行词是为anyone、those、someone、everyone、one等词时，关系词用who。
（3）当主句是who作疑问词时，关系词用that。
Who is that girl that is standing by the window?
（4）whom在从句中只作宾语，可被who取代。
9、whose作关系词既指人又指物，在从句中作定语。如：
Do you know Mr.Smith whose story is very moving ?
There is a room, whose window faces the river.
There is a room, the window of which faces the river.
10、关系代词as,在从句中作主语、宾语和表语。
（1）先行词被such和the same修饰，或句型as many（much）中，从句都用as 引导。
Such books as you bought are useful.
The school is just the same as it was 10 years age.
注意：区别①such … that … 引导的结果状语从句。They are such
lovely children that we love them much.②the same … that … 引导定语从句。I want to use the same tool that you used just now.
（2）无先行词的定语从句用as和which引导。
区别：①意义上：as 含有“这点正如……一样”。②位置上：as 从句可置句首，也可在另处。
He didn’t pass the exam, as we had expected.
There is lots of air in loose snow, which can keep the cold out.
As is known, the earth is round, not flat.
11、关系副词when与where、why、that
when 指时间 = in / at / on / during which
where指地点 = in / at / from / which
why指原因 = for which
当先行词为way、day、reason、time时，可用that作关系副词。（非正式场合）
I don’t like the way that / in which / he talks.
当time作先行词时，关系词可以省掉。
This is the first time I have given you a lesson in French.
12、必须注意的问题
（1）关系词作主语时，从句中谓语的数。
（2）注意区别定语从句与强调句。
①定语从句中关系词作从句成分，复合句。
②强调it无意义，that / who不是引导词。
③强调it is / was和that / who后如果句子意思讲得通则是强调句，讲不通则不是。
It is the museum that / which we visited last year.(定语从句)
It was in the hotel that we stayed last night.（强调句）
（3）定语从句与同位语从句的区别。
①定语从句引导词被称为关系词，that充当主语、宾语、表语。有时可省略。
②同位语从句引导词被叫做连词，that不能充当任何成分，不可省。
Word came that their army was defeated.(同位语)
We expressed to them our wish that was the same as their.(定语)
（4）关系词在从句中省略的情况。
①关系词作宾语，前无介词时。
②关系词作表语。
（5）限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的翻译。
（6）关系词前有介词或复杂介词，关系词只能是which和whom。
（7）几个特殊的定语从句句型：
①He is the only one of the students who has got very good marks
in the match.（句中one为先行词）
He is one of the students who have got good marks in the match.（句中students为先行词）
②Is this place the one (that) we visited yesterday?
Is this the place(that / which)we visited yesterday ?
③He stood at the window, from where he could see what was happening.
④It may rain, in which case the match will be put off.
二、精典名题导解
选择填空
1. The film brought the hours back to me _________ I was taken good care of in that faraway village.（NMET ）
A.until B.that C.when D.where
解析：答案为C。本题考查分隔定语从句的关系词的选择。作好本题的关键是要能辨认出该定语从句的先行词the hours和关系词被介词短语to me所分隔。定语从句的先行词是表时间的名词hours, 并且关系词在从句中用作状语，故应选择表示时间的关系副词when。
2. ___________ is known to everybody, the noon travels around the earth once every month.(NMET 2001)
A.It B.As C.That D.What
解析：答案为B。本题考查as引导的非限制定语从句。as作“正如……”解时，引导的非限制性定语从句来修饰整个句子。当as在从句中作主语时，常用于下列短语：as is known、as is said、as is reported、as is announced等。要注意掌握作关系代词引导定语从句的用法。
3. After living in Pairs for fifty years he returned to the small town ___________ he grew up as a child.(NMET )
A.which B.where C.that D.when
解析：答案为B。本题考查限制性定语从句中关系词的选择。定语从句的先行词是表示地点的名词短语the small town, 且关系词不作定语从句中的主语和宾语而作地点状语，因此定语从句必须用关系副词where引导。要注意分清先行词在从句中充当的成分，然后选择适当的关系词。
三、专项训练
1. Is there anything else______you want to say?
A.which B.that C.it D.who
2. The last place______we visited was the Palace Museum.
A.where B.which C.that D.what
3. The railway tunnel,through______the train goes,will be completed soon.
A.which B.it C.whom D.that
4. Next month,______you'll be in yor hometown,is coming.
A.which B.that C.when D.where
5. He wanted to know the time______he needed to know.
A.when B.that C.where D.what
6. John got beaten in the game,______had been expecte D.
A.that B.what C.who D.as
7. I don't know the reason______he didn't come this morning.
A.which B.for what C.which D.that
8. This is one of the best books______this year.
A.have been published B.that have published
C.that have been published D.which has been published
9. I'll never forget the day______I received your invitation.
A.in which B.on that C.when D.which
10. The plane______she was travelling was delayed by the rain.
A.which B.on which C.for which D.where
11. I want to buy such a dictionary______he is using.
A.that B.which C.as D.what
12. When you read the book,you'd better make a mark______you have any questions.
A.at which B.the place where C.at where D.where
13. In his will,the old man offered everything______he had to the country.
A.that B.what C.whatever D.which
14. All______is needed is a supply of oil.
A.the thing B.that C.what D.which
15. The weather turned out to be very good,______was more than we could expect.
A.what B.that C.which D.if
16. The only language______is easy to learn is the mother tongue.
A.which B.whose C.if D.that
17. Is this the museum______they visited last month?
A.the one B.when C.where D.which
18. You may see any film______this afternoon.
A.that you interest B.that interests you
C.which you are interested D.which interests you
19. In this strange city,there wasn't single person______she could turn for help.
A.who B.from whom C.to whom D.that
20. He paid the boy 50 yuan for washing cups,most of______had not been cleaned for at least two weeks.
A.these B.those C.that D.which
21. I don't like______you speak to your father.
A.the way B.the way in that C.the way which D.the way of which
22. The most important thing______we should pay attention to is the first thing______I have sai D.
A.which;that B.that;which C.which;which D.that;that
23. Father made a promise______I passed the exam he would buy me a bicycle.
A.if B.whether C.which D.that
24. Tom is the only one of the students______praised yesterday.
A.that were B.who was C.that is D.who were
25. -Who is it______has just come?
-It's John.
A.that B.who C.which D.what
26. This is the method______he solved the problem.
A.which B.that C.by which D.by that
27. “It is the college______your father studied when he was young,”said the mother pointing at a picture.
A.which B.that C.不填 D.where
28. There are 50 students in his class,______Peter is the most diligent.
A.of which B.among whom C.where D.in that
29. he invited me to dinner last Monday,______was very nice of him.
A.which B.it C.they D.this
30. This is our school library,in front of______there are some tall trees.
A.that B.what C.which D.it
31. This is the very man______spoke at the meeting this morning,______came from America.
A.who;that B.whom;whom C.that;who D.that;that
32. The dress______is blue belongs to Li Ping.
A.who's colour B.the colour of which
C.its colour D.the colour of whose
33. He is the only one of the people here______Japanese.
A.who know B.that speak C.who knew D.who speaks
34. He imagined various ways______he could teach her a lesson.
A.in which B.by which C.by what D.in what
35. His father studied hard at school when he was young,______led to his success in his life.
A.what B.that C.which D.so that
36. There were two small rooms in the beach home,______served as a kitchen.
A.the smallest of which B.the smaller of which
C.the smaller of them D.smallest of that
37. The temperature______ice changes to water is 0℃.
A.at where B.on which C.in which D.at which
38. Shakespeare is the greatest poet______England has ever ha D.
A.who B.whom C.不填 D.in
39. This is the man______.
A.I referred to B.who I referred to
C.whom I referred D.that I referred to
40. This test is for students______native language is not English.
A.that B.whose C.of whom D.which
参考答案
1-10 BCACB DACCB 11-20 CDABC DABCD
21-30 ADDBA CDBAC 31-40 CBDAC BDCAB
篇6：高考数学第二轮复习
我们在应对高考之前，必须知道高考出题并不是为了难为学生，高考只是选拨人才的一种方式，以考知识点考方法为主。
面对前不久公布的北京2012年高考（微博）考试说明以及刚刚结束的期末考试，清华紫光教育特聘数学老师、高考数学命题研究专家王燕谋老师从心理和备考两方面为广大高考考生做出指导。
2012年北京考试说明解读，难度有下降
我们在应对高考之前，必须知道高考出题并不是为了难为学生，高考只是选拨人才的一种方式，以考知识点考方法为主。
根据北京考试院公布的考试说明，2012年北京高考命题趋势有几个原则：考察基础知识的同时，注重考查能力，考方法；命题兼顾试题的基础性，综合性和现实性，重视题间的层次性，坚持多角度考查；对基础知识的考查，既全面又突出重点，不刻意追求知识的全面性；对能力的考查，以思维能力为核心，强调综合性、应用性，并切合考生实际；对创新意识的考查。
结合命题原则以及样题总得来说，2012年北京市考试说明中数学部分有三大特点：
1、2012年的北京考试说明的文字部分一字未改
2、参考样题有一定的变化，28个样题中7、8、9、20、21、24、26对位改动。
明确指出了考试说明知识点理科162个，文科164个。其中理科数学要求学生掌握的程度是：
学习程度
知识点数
所占比例
了解
35个
21.61%
理解
75个
46.29%
掌握
52个
32.10%
3、考卷的难度有所下降。
期末考试后摆正心态，最多就是考不上
2012届高三上学期期末考试是高考第一轮复习的一次火力侦查，对学生的知识、方法、能力进行了一次全面检查。面对这一次重要考试的结果，高三学生以及学生家长都应该摆正心态，高考没有想象中的那么重要，退一万步说，最差的结果就是没考上，不是世界末日，因此家长、学生不要过分紧张。
在期末考试中考的'好的同学要高兴，考不好的同学更要高兴，因为这一次考试让你发现了很多问题，发现问题是好事，给了你查漏补缺的机会。家长也要给孩子一定的鼓励，这个时候你再怎么着急也于事无补，应该给孩子鼓励与信心，让他没有包袱地参加高考。
【高考英语第二轮总复习讲座之八】相关文章：
1.高考英语第一轮总复习讲座之十三（SBⅠ-Units 25-26）
2.高考英语第一轮总复习讲座之十五（SBⅡ-Units 3-4）
10.第二轮高考语文复习计划
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