考研英语阅读 推理判断类题型考察点
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篇1：考研英语阅读 推理判断类题型考察点
考研英语阅读 推理判断类题型考察点
1、推理判断题的标志：infer， imply， suggest，All of the following/statements……NOT true/ correct/ mentioned EXCEPT
2. 应该每个选项都返回原文，找出出处
考生经常会在这种题型出错，其实主要就源于一个“懒”。
推理判断题经常四个选项是四个很长的句子，而且极有可能对应原文中截然不同的四个地方，考生就没有耐性一一定位。这是一种错误的方法，考生一定要每个选项都返回原文，找到相对应的考点。笔者接下来就考研经常在推理判断题中出现的考点做一个归纳总结。
A） 正话反说
这是考研的一个难点，即作者实际表达的意思和你读到的字面意思是相反的。很多考生没有真正理解文章意思，只停留在字面意思的理解，经常会选错答案。而正话反说又可以分为以下几类：
Should：应该怎样？也就意味着实际上并没有那么干，也就是作者想表达的意思和字面意思相反。
It looks/sounds like/as if：看/听上去好像，实际并不是。如大纲样题（真题第5篇）的首句“Much of the language used to describe monetary policy， such as ”steering the economy to a soft landing“ or ”a touch on the brakes“， makes it sound like a precise science.”下划线的字面意思直译“使之听上去好像一门精确的科学”，作者实际表达的意思货币政策并不是一门精确的科学。
虚拟语气：虚拟以所谓的反事实假设，即作者是既表达的意思和字面意思相反。如第五篇的末句“And so it does - and all would be well were reason the only judge in the creationism/evolution debate.”本句话字面意思直译是“如果理性成为创世论和进化论这场争议的惟一评判标准，那么一切都会变得好了”，作者实际表达的意思就是理性既不是惟一评判标准，而今天情况也并不好。
让步论述：让步论述就是先假设作者观点负面成立，从而引发出一系列荒谬的、不合理的结局，倒过来再次论证作者自身观点的正确性。因为有假设能成立的过程，事实上并不能成立，因此字面意思和实际意思依然是相反的。如大纲样题（19第5篇）首段“Hence the analogy that likens the conduct of monetary policy to driving a car with a blackened windscreen， a cracked rearview mirror and a faulty steering wheel.”如果把货币政策比成开汽车的话（前文论证过货币政策不能比喻成开汽车，这里就是假设其观点的.负面成立），那么你就是开着一辆前挡风玻璃是黑的，后视镜是碎的，方向盘是坏的车（荒谬的不合理的结局）。倒过来论证货币政策不能比成开汽车。
引号：引号可以起一个反语的作用。如19第5篇中“”Scientific“ creationism， which is being pushed by some for ”equal time“ in the classrooms whenever the scientific accounts of evolution are given， is based on religion， not science.”引号表征是所谓的科学，作者表达的意思就是创世论并不科学。
反问句：反问也是一种正话反说。如第2篇首段“That the evidence was inconclusive， the science uncertain？”字面意思“证据不确定，那么科学也不确定了吗？”很明显作者表达的意思是科学是certain的，而不是字面的uncertain.
文化背景：在某些特定的文化背景当中，作者实际表达意思和字面意思相反。如第5篇第一段“ A lateral move that hurt my pride and blocked my professional progress prompted me to abandon my relatively high profile career although， in the manner of a disgraced government minister， I covered my exit by claiming ”I wanted to spend more time with my family“。”作者在这里只是借自身来反讽某些政府部长，即作者并不是政府部长，也不是想和家人共度美好时光。
B） 深层次的含义：不能仅停留在字面意思理
C） 文章段落主旨
D） 全文末句
E） 文中带有解释性、结论性的句子
F） 强对比结构
G） 分类列举结构
3. 与原文意思最接近，推理步骤最少的那一个作为正确选项
4. 傻子原则：不要利用自己任何背景知识来做推理题。有背景知识只能帮助你读懂读文章，不会帮助你做对题目。因为即使一个选项符合常识，它也可能是一个文中未提及的信息，是错误答案。
真题示例――
第二篇：
Over the past century， all kinds of unfairness and discrimination have been condemned or made illegal. But one insidious form continues to thrive： alphabetism. This， for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage， refers to discrimination against those whose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet.
It has long been known that a taxi firm called AAAA cars has a big advantage over Zodiac cars when customers thumb through their phone directories. Less well known is the advantage that Adam Abbott has in life over Zoe Zysman. English names are fairly evenly spread between the halves of the alphabet. Yet a suspiciously large number of top people have surnames beginning with letters between A and K. Thus the American president and vice-president have surnames starting with B and C respectively； and 26 of George Bush's predecessors （including his father） had surnames in the first half of the alphabet against just 16 in the second half. Even more striking， six of the seven heads of government of the G7 rich countries are alphabetically advantaged （Berlusconi， Blair， Bush， Chirac， Chrétien and Koizumi）。 The world's three top central bankers （Greenspan， Duisenberg and Hayami） are all close to the top of the alphabet， even if one of them really uses Japanese characters. As are the world's five richest men （Gates， Buffett， Allen， Ellison and Albrecht）。
Can this merely be coincidence？ One theory， dreamt up in all the spare time enjoyed by the alphabetically disadvantaged， is that the rot sets in early. At the start of the first year in infant school， teachers seat pupils alphabetically from the front， to make it easier to remember their names. So short-sighted Zysman junior gets stuck in the back row， and is rarely asked the improving questions posed by those insensitive teachers. At the time the alphabetically disadvantaged may think they have had a lucky escape. Yet the result may be worse qualifications， because they get less individual attention， as well as less confidence in speaking publicly.
The humiliation continues. At university graduation ceremonies， the ABCs proudly get their awards first； by the time they reach the Zysmans most people are literally having a ZZZ. Shortlists for job interviews， election ballot papers， lists of conference speakers and attendees： all tend to be drawn up alphabetically， and their recipients lose interest as they plough through them.
47、What can we infer from the first three paragraphs？
[A] In both East and West， names are essential to success.
[B] The alphabet is to blame for the failure of Zoe Zysman.
[C] Customers often pay a lot of attention to companies' names.
[D] Some form of discrimination is too subtle to recognize. （文章主题为正确答案）
48、The 4th paragraph suggests that
[A] questions are often put to the more intelligent students.
[B] alphabetically disadvantaged students often escape form class.
篇2：考研英语阅读 推理判断题考点
考研英语阅读 推理判断题考点归纳
1、推理判断题的标志：infer， imply， suggest，All of the following/statements……NOT true/ correct/ mentioned EXCEPT
2. 应该每个选项都返回原文，找出出处
考生经常会在这种题型出错，其实主要就源于一个“懒”。
推理判断题经常四个选项是四个很长的句子，而且极有可能对应原文中截然不同的四个地方，考生就没有耐性一一定位。这是一种错误的方法，考生一定要每个选项都返回原文，找到相对应的考点。笔者接下来就考研经常在推理判断题中出现的考点做一个归纳总结。
A） 正话反说：
这是考研的一个难点，即作者实际表达的意思和你读到的字面意思是相反的。很多考生没有真正理解文章意思，只停留在字面意思的理解，经常会选错答案。而正话反说又可以分为以下几类：
Should：应该怎样？也就意味着实际上并没有那么干，也就是作者想表达的意思和字面意思相反。
It looks/sounds like/as if：看/听上去好像，实际并不是。如大纲样题（年真题第5篇）的首句“Much of the language used to describe monetary policy， such as ”steering the economy to a soft landing“ or ”a touch on the brakes“， makes it sound like a precise science.”下划线的'字面意思直译“使之听上去好像一门精确的科学”，作者实际表达的意思货币政策并不是一门精确的科学。
虚拟语气：虚拟以所谓的反事实假设，即作者是既表达的意思和字面意思相反。如年第五篇的末句“And so it does - and all would be well were reason the only judge in the creationism/evolution debate.”本句话字面意思直译是“如果理性成为创世论和进化论这场争议的惟一评判标准，那么一切都会变得好了”，作者实际表达的意思就是理性既不是惟一评判标准，而今天情况也并不好。
让步论述：让步论述就是先假设作者观点负面成立，从而引发出一系列荒谬的、不合理的结局，倒过来再次论证作者自身观点的正确性。因为有假设能成立的过程，事实上并不能成立，因此字面意思和实际意思依然是相反的。如大纲样题（1997年第5篇）首段“Hence the analogy that likens the conduct of monetary policy to driving a car with a blackened windscreen， a cracked rearview mirror and a faulty steering wheel.”如果把货币政策比成开汽车的话（前文论证过货币政策不能比喻成开汽车，这里就是假设其观点的负面成立），那么你就是开着一辆前挡风玻璃是黑的，后视镜是碎的，方向盘是坏的车（荒谬的不合理的结局）。倒过来论证货币政策不能比成开汽车。
引号：引号可以起一个反语的作用。如1996年第5篇中“”Scientific“ creationism， which is being pushed by some for ”equal time“ in the classrooms whenever the scientific accounts of evolution are given， is based on religion， not science.”引号表征是所谓的科学，作者表达的意思就是创世论并不科学。
反问句：反问也是一种正话反说。如20第2篇首段“That the evidence was inconclusive， the science uncertain？”字面意思“证据不确定，那么科学也不确定了吗？”很明显作者表达的意思是科学是certain的，而不是字面的uncertain.
文化背景：在某些特定的文化背景当中，作者实际表达意思和字面意思相反。如20第5篇第一段“ A lateral move that hurt my pride and blocked my professional progress prompted me to abandon my relatively high profile career although， in the manner of a disgraced government minister， I covered my exit by claiming ”I wanted to spend more time with my family“。”作者在这里只是借自身来反讽某些政府部长，即作者并不是政府部长，也不是想和家人共度美好时光。
B） 深层次的含义：不能仅停留在字面意思理
C） 文章段落主旨
D） 全文末句
E） 文中带有解释性、结论性的句子
F） 强对比结构
G） 分类列举结构
3. 与原文意思最接近，推理步骤最少的那一个作为正确选项
4. 傻子原则：不要利用自己任何背景知识来做推理题。有背景知识只能帮助你读懂读文章，不会帮助你做对题目。因为即使一个选项符合常识，它也可能是一个文中未提及的信息，是错误答案。
真题示例――
20第二篇：
Over the past century， all kinds of unfairness and discrimination have been condemned or made illegal. But one insidious form continues to thrive： alphabetism. This， for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage， refers to discrimination against those whose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet.
It has long been known that a taxi firm called AAAA cars has a big advantage over Zodiac cars when customers thumb through their phone directories. Less well known is the advantage that Adam Abbott has in life over Zoe Zysman. English names are fairly evenly spread between the halves of the alphabet. Yet a suspiciously large number of top people have surnames beginning with letters between A and K. Thus the American president and vice-president have surnames starting with B and C respectively； and 26 of George Bush's predecessors （including his father） had surnames in the first half of the alphabet against just 16 in the second half. Even more striking， six of the seven heads of government of the G7 rich countries are alphabetically advantaged （Berlusconi， Blair， Bush， Chirac， Chrétien and Koizumi）。 The world's three top central bankers （Greenspan， Duisenberg and Hayami） are all close to the top of the alphabet， even if one of them really uses Japanese characters. As are the world's five richest men （Gates， Buffett， Allen， Ellison and Albrecht）。
Can this merely be coincidence？ One theory， dreamt up in all the spare time enjoyed by the alphabetically disadvantaged， is that the rot sets in early. At the start of the first year in infant school， teachers seat pupils alphabetically from the front， to make it easier to remember their names. So short-sighted Zysman junior gets stuck in the back row， and is rarely asked the improving questions posed by those insensitive teachers. At the time the alphabetically disadvantaged may think they have had a lucky escape. Yet the result may be worse qualifications， because they get less individual attention， as well as less confidence in speaking publicly.
The humiliation continues. At university graduation ceremonies， the ABCs proudly get their awards first； by the time they reach the Zysmans most people are literally having a ZZZ. Shortlists for job interviews， election ballot papers， lists of conference speakers and attendees： all tend to be drawn up alphabetically， and their recipients lose interest as they plough through them.
47、What can we infer from the first three paragraphs？
[A] In both East and West， names are essential to success.
[B] The alphabet is to blame for the failure of Zoe Zysman.
[C] Customers often pay a lot of attention to companies' names.
[D] Some form of discrimination is too subtle to recognize. （文章主题为正确答案）
48、The 4th paragraph suggests that
[A] questions are often put to the more intelligent students.
[B] alphabetically disadvantaged students often escape form class.
[C] teachers should pay attention to all of their students. （should为正话反说，改选项实际表达的意义就是老师没有关注所有的孩子）
[D] students should be seated according to their eyesight.
50、Whic
篇3：考研英语复习阅读理解推理判断题考点
考研英语复习阅读理解推理判断题考点归纳
考研英语阅读理推理判断题经常四个选项是四个很长的句子，而且极有可能对应原文中截然不同的四个地方，考生就没有耐性一一定位。这是一种错误的方法，考生一定要每个选项都返回原文，找到相对应的考点。笔者接下来就考研经常在推理判断题中出现的考点做一个归纳总结。
推理判断题在这9年来呈现一个明显的上升趋势，题量仅次于细节事实题，现在每年基本考5-6题。
1、推理判断题的标志：infer， imply， suggest，All of the following/statements………NOT true/ correct/ mentioned EXCEPT
2.应该每个选项都返回原文，找出出处
考生经常会在这种题型出错，其实主要就源于一个“懒”。
推理判断题经常四个选项是四个很长的句子，而且极有可能对应原文中截然不同的四个地方，考生就没有耐性一一定位。这是一种错误的方法，考生一定要每个选项都返回原文，找到相对应的考点。笔者接下来就考研经常在推理判断题中出现的考点做一个归纳总结。
A)正话反说：
这是考研的一个难点，即作者实际表达的意思和你读到的字面意思是相反的。很多考生没有真正理解文章意思，只停留在字面意思的理解，经常会选错答案。而正话反说又可以分为以下几类：
Should：应该怎样?也就意味着实际上并没有那么干，也就是作者想表达的意思和字面意思相反。
It looks/sounds like/as if：看/听上去好像，实际并不是。如大纲样题(真题第5篇)的首句“Much of the language used to describe monetary policy， such as ”steering the economy to a soft landing“ or ”a touch on the brakes“， makes it sound like a precise science.”下划线的字面意思直译“使之听上去好像一门精确的科学”，作者实际表达的意思货币政策并不是一门精确的科学。
虚拟语气：虚拟以所谓的反事实假设，即作者是既表达的意思和字面意思相反。如第五篇的末句“And so it does - and all would be well were reason the only judge in the creationism/evolution debate.”本句话字面意思直译是“如果理性成为创世论和进化论这场争议的惟一评判标准，那么一切都会变得好了”，作者实际表达的意思就是理性既不是惟一评判标准，而今天情况也并不好。
让步论述：让步论述就是先假设作者观点负面成立，从而引发出一系列荒谬的、不合理的结局，倒过来再次论证作者自身观点的正确性。因为有假设能成立的过程，事实上并不能成立，因此字面意思和实际意思依然是相反的。如大纲样题(19第5篇)首段“Hence the analogy that likens the conduct of monetary policy to driving a car with a blackened windscreen， a cracked rearview mirror and a faulty steering wheel.”如果把货币政策比成开汽车的话(前文论证过货币政策不能比喻成开汽车，这里就是假设其观点的负面成立)，那么你就是开着一辆前挡风玻璃是黑的，后视镜是碎的，方向盘是坏的车(荒谬的不合理的`结局)。倒过来论证货币政策不能比成开汽车。
引号：引号可以起一个反语的作用。如19第5篇中“”Scientific“ creationism， which is being pushed by some for ”equal time“ in the classrooms whenever the scientific accounts of evolution are given， is based on religion， not science.”引号表征是所谓的科学，作者表达的意思就是创世论并不科学。
反问句：反问也是一种正话反说。如第2篇首段“That the evidence was inconclusive， the science uncertain?”字面意思“证据不确定，那么科学也不确定了吗?”很明显作者表达的意思是科学是certain的，而不是字面的 uncertain.
文化背景：在某些特定的文化背景当中，作者实际表达意思和字面意思相反。如第5篇第一段“A lateral move that hurt my pride and blocked my professional progress prompted me to abandon my relatively high profile career although， in the manner of a disgraced government minister， I covered my exit by claiming”I wanted to spend more time with my family“。”作者在这里只是借自身来反讽某些政府部长，即作者并不是政府部长，也不是想和家人共度美好时光。
B)深层次的含义：不能仅停留在字面意思理解
C)文章段落主旨：
D)全文末句：
E)文中带有解释性、结论性的句子
F)强对比结构
G)分类列举结构
3.与原文意思最接近，推理步骤最少的那一个作为正确选项
4.傻子原则：不要利用自己任何背景知识来做推理题。有背景知识只能帮助你读懂读文章，不会帮助你做对题目。因为即使一个选项符合常识，它也可能是一个文中未提及的信息，是错误答案。
第二篇：
Over the past century， all kinds of unfairness and discrimination have been condemned or made illegal. But one insidious form continues to thrive： alphabetism. This， for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage， refers to discrimination against those whose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet.
It has long been known that a taxi firm called AAAA cars has a big advantage over Zodiac cars when customers thumb through their phone directories. Less well known is the advantage that Adam Abbott has in life over Zoe Zysman. English names are fairly evenly spread between the halves of the alphabet. Yet a suspiciously large number of top people have surnames beginning with letters between A and K. Thus the American president and vice-president have surnames starting with B and C respectively; and 26 of George Bush‘s predecessors (including his father) had surnames in the first half of the alphabet against just 16 in the second half. Even more striking， six of the seven heads of government of the G7 rich countries are alphabetically advantaged (Berlusconi， Blair， Bush， Chirac， Chrétien and Koizumi)。 The world’s three top central bankers (Greenspan， Duisenberg and Hayami) are all close to the top of the alphabet， even if one of them really uses Japanese characters. As are the world's five richest men (Gates， Buffett， Allen， Ellison and Albrecht)。
Can this merely be coincidence? One theory， dreamt up in all the spare time enjoyed by the alphabetically disadvantaged， is that the rot sets in early. At the start of the first year in infant school， teachers seat pupils alphabetically from the front， to make it easier to remember their names. So short-sighted Zysman junior gets stuck in the back row， and is rarely asked the improving questions posed by those insensitive teachers. At the time the alphabetically disadvantaged may think they have had a lucky escape. Yet the result may be worse qualifications， because they get less individual attention， as well as less confidence in speaking publicly.
The humiliation continues. At university graduation ceremonies， the ABCs proudly get their awards first; by the time they reach the Zysmans most people are literally having a ZZZ. Shortlists for job interviews， election ballot papers， lists of conference speakers and attendees： all tend to be drawn up alphabetically， and their recipients lose interest as they plough through them.
47、What can we infer from the first three paragraphs?
[A] In both East and West， names are essential to success.
[B] The alphabet is to blame for the failure of Zoe Zysman.
[C] Customers often pay a lot of attention to companies' names.
[D] Some form of discrimination is too subtle to recognize.(文章主题为正确答案)
48、The 4th paragraph suggests that
[A] questions are often put to the more intelligent students.
[B] alphabetically disadvantaged s
篇4：职称英语考试卫生类阅读判断题型
Bees and Colour
On our table in the garden we put a blue card, and all around this blue card we put a number of different grey cards. These trey cards are of all possible shades of grey and include white and black. On each card a watch-glass is placed. The watch-glass on the blue card has some syrup in it; all the others are empty. After a short time bees find the syrup, and they come for it again and again. Then, after some hours, we take away the watch-glass of syrup which was on the blue card and put an empty one in its place.
Now what do the bees do? They still go straight to the blue card, although there is no syrup there. They do not go to any of the grey cards, in spite of the fact that one of the grey cards is of exactly the same brightness as the blue card. Thus the bees do not mistake any shade of grey for blue. In this way we have proved that they do really see blue as a colour.
We can find out in just the same way what other colours bees can see. It turns out that bees can see various colours, but these insects differ from us as regards their colour-sense in two very interesting ways. Suppose we train bees to come to a red card, and, having done so, we put the red card on the table in the garden among the set of different grey cards. This time we find that the bees mistake red for dark grey or black. They cannot distinguish between them. This means that red is not a colour at all for bees; for them it is just dark grey or black.
That is one strange fact; here is another. A rainbow is red on one edge, violet on the other. Outside the violet of the rainbow there is another colour which we cannot see at all. This colour beyond the violet, invisible to us, is called the ultra-violet. Although it is invisible, we know that the ultra-violet is there because it affects a photographic plate. Now, although we are unable to see ultra-violet light, bees can do so; for them ultra-violet is a colour. Thus bees see a colour w
ahich we cannot even imagine. This has been found out by training bees to come for syrup to various parts of a spectrum, or artificial rainbow, thrown by a prism on a table in a dark room. In such an experiment the insects can be taught to fly to the ultra-violet, which for us is just darkness.
1. The experiment with bees described in the first and second paragraphs tell us that bees regard blue as a colour.
A. True
B. False
C. Not mentioned
2. The third paragraph tells us that bees also regard red as a colour.
A. True
B. False
C. Not mentioned
3. The experiment described in the second paragraph aimed to find out that bees are not able to see grey as a colour.
A. True
B. False
C. Not mentioned
4. An artificial rainbow was created for the experiment to see whether bees can recognize the ultra-violet as a colour.
A. True
B. False
C. Not mentioned
5. The fourth paragraph tells us that bees may be harmed by ultra-violet light.
A. True
B. False
C. Not mentioned
6. We can conclude from the passage that bees recognize colours in the same way as human beings.
A. True
B. False
C. Not mentioned
7. Bees are more sensitive to colours than human beings.
A. True
B. False
C. Not mentioned
KEY: ABBACBC
1.职称英语考试卫生类阅读判断例题及答案
2.职称英语考试卫生类阅读试题
3.职称英语考试卫生类A级阅读练习题
4.职称英语考试阅读判断试题的练习
5.职称英语考试阅读判断试题
6.职称英语考试阅读判断的试题练习
7.职称英语考试阅读判断试题练习
8.职称英语考试阅读判断试题练习的内容
9.全国职称英语考试样题（卫生类）
10.职称英语考试《卫生类》概括大意练习
篇5：考研英语阅读常见的12类题型
6、主旨题 ： “串线摘帽”
即在自然段少的时候串串线，串线法解不出来时，大帽子、小帽子摘一下。
① 主旨题的标志：mainly about, mainly discuss, the best title
② 串线法：抓首段和其余各段的第一句话，把其意思连接成一个整体。要注意总结性的提示词和转折词，特别要注意中心句。(主要针对自然段少的文章;针对自然段多的文章，主旨题最好联系中心句。找一个和中心句最贴近的)
③ 小心首段陷阱。
④ 主旨题错误选项的干扰特征经常是：
(1)局部信息，即选项的内容小于文章的内容;
(2)范围过宽，即选项的内容大于文章的内容。
⑤逆向思维法、快速作文法：在两个选项看上去都十分正确无法选择时，试着从选项出发，想象一下如果自己以此选项来写文章会有那些内容，然后把它与文章的内容比较，接近的即为正确选项。
7、作者态度题 ：
① 标志：attitude
② 应精确理解四个选项的含义。
③ 不要掺杂自己的观点。
④ 可以寻找文中一些具有感情色彩的词。如：fortunately, excessively, too many.
⑤ 举例的方式。
⑥ 抓论述的主线。把第一段读透，把其他各段的段首段尾句拉出来，看整个文章的谋篇结构。
⑦ 做作者态度题时特别注意：首先看清楚是谁对谁的态度。
8、判断题 ：
①看可否通过四个选项具体化到文中一点或者根据自然段原则定位。
②每个选项都应返回原文，不能凭主观印象进行判断。
③要重点抓是“三错一对”还是“三对一错”的关系(做题是要看清题目)。
9、细节题 ：
看完题目回到原文，重叠原文，得出答案
10、重点题型中的几个问题：
① 词汇题：字面意思不是答案，要根据上下文推测其深刻含义
② 句子理解题：一般不要求推理，只看句子本身。
③ 推理题：答案很大程度上是原文的重现，不一定非要经过逻辑推理从原文中得出。
11、正确答案的特征：
① 正确答案经常与中心思想有关。
② 正确答案的位置，最常见的三个位置是：段首段尾处、转折处、因果处。
③ 正确答案经常运用的原则是：同义替换、正话反说、反话正说。
④ 从语气角度来看，正确答案中经常含有不肯定的语气词和委婉表达的用词。如：can, may, might, possible, not necessarily, some.
⑤ 正确答案经常具有概括性、深刻性，不能只见树木不见森林。
12、错误答案的特征：
第一大层次：① 无中生有 (未提及的概念);
② 正反混淆 (选项的意思跟原文的意思正好相反);
③ 所答非所问 (虽然选项的说法没有问题，符合原文，但和题干搭不上边)
第二大层次：① 过分绝对;
② 扩大范围(注意隐蔽型的扩大范围mostly);
③ 因果倒置;
④ 常识判断;
⑤ 推得过远;
⑥ 偏离中心;
⑦ 变换词性。
常识判断：如果一个选项仅仅符合常识，不一定是正确答案，还要看文章中类似的意思有没有出现;
如果一个选项不符合常识，一定不是正答案。
能够不由自主地按照正确的思路解题了，才表明我们正确掌握了这些技巧。
篇6：考研英语新题型考察要点及复习指导
考研英语新题型考察要点及复习指导
1.题型介绍
考研英语新题型，其实就是考研英语的Part B部分，该部分分值为10分，包括选句填空题（七选五）和排序题两种题型。
2.考查要点
新题型部分的根本考察点，其实是上下文之间的语义和逻辑关系。具体来说，包括三个部分：
⑴逻辑关系知识点；⑵指代关系知识点，即对代词的考查；⑶语义关系知识点，这在我们的阅读和翻译中已经见得非常多了。
3.解题思路及步骤：
既然已经明确了新题型的考点，那么我们该怎样去做题呢？
⑴到各个空格后句或段落首句的第一个单词中找逻辑关系词。确切的说，如果是选句填空，就应该在空格后句和选项首句去寻找；如果是排序题，则应该在选项首句找。而且，此处我们要注意，我们要找的必然是首句的.第一个第一个单词。因为，只有当逻辑词是第一个单词时，才是和上下文相关的；若是逻辑关联词在句中，则是和句内关系相关的。找到逻辑关系词后，可按照逻辑关系的相关知识点解题。且以逻辑关系词开头的选项都是正确答案。
⑵找出空格后句和选项首句中出现的数字
为什么要找数字呢？因为数字具有以下特点：①同类数字的延续性，同类数字会呈现递增或递减的趋势；②最高级之后一定出现数字，这都可以作为我们解题的依据。
⑶找出空格后句和选项首句中出现的代词
代词，我们知道是具有指代意义的词，我们在做题的时候可以按照如下方式：①空格后句的代词，到选项末句找指代对象。②空格首句的代词，可到空格前句或其余选项末句找指代对象。
⑷剩余的题目按照正常的上下文阅读理解步骤解题。即找到上下文之间的语义关系就可以了。
综上所述，考研英语新题型可根据试卷上的蛛丝马迹去分析和推敲，最终得出正确选项。换句话说，其实试卷上不缺少答案，缺少的是发现答案的眼睛。只要认真分析，就一定可以找到做题的切入点。
篇7：考研英语阅读：三类新题型解题技巧
考研英语阅读是一个纯技巧的题型。所以，我们必须掌握一下它的具体解题技巧。下面我们就分别来谈谈三个新题型解题技巧，大家对照参考，提出建议。
新题型的题型，一共可以分为三类：完型填段、句(也可以叫做7选5);排序题以及小标题。那么，三类题目又有各自的解题技巧，这也是同学们最为关心的。
首先，我们来看一下第一个种类：7选5。总长度是500-600词的文章，其中5处空白;文章后有6-7段文字，考生根据文章从中5段放入文章空白处。其实，7选5是个大头，考察的几率很高，咱们新题型一共也就考了，7年都考察了这一种类。它需要考生从备选的6-7句话或者段落中(一般是段落)，选出最合适的5个待选项，填入到文章5个空中进行排序。当然，这个空的位置会设置在不同的位置。若是设置在段首，那么咱们要看的就是本段空后的那句话;若是设置在段中，要看的就是空前那句话以及空后那句话;若是设置在段尾，要看的就是本段空前那句话;最后，若是此空作为独立段落出现，那么要看的便是空前那段的最后一句了。这就是具体的设空模式，咱们需要掌握的不同解题技巧，找对地方，再去看所找的内容中有没有和咱们待选项的句子或段落起到呼应，出现同义复现或同词复现的。
其次，第二个种类：排序题。总长度是500-600词的文章，各段顺序被打乱。考生根据文章内容和结构将所列段落(6-7个)重新排序，其中1-2个段落的位置已经给出。那么对于排序题，我们经常说，掌握了7选5也就掌握了排序题。同学们可以发现，排序题其实就是特殊的7选5，只不过已经有2个选项给你固定下来了。那么对于这部分类型的新题型，我们的应对技巧也跟7选5一样。
第三类就是我们的小标题。这类题型是最简单的，也是咱们英语二会考的一类。不同于7选5和排序题，咱们需要宏观微观都考虑到，也就是要联系上下文段落和句子，注意它们之间的衔接;咱们的小标题只需要“一对一”。也就是考虑单独的段落就行，归纳它的大意，或者找它的关键词，看有没有与咱们的待选小标题实现同义词复现或者同词复现。
总的来说，掌握了7选5 ，不管是英语一还是英语二，都没问题了。所以，需要考生严格掌握咱们的解题技巧，做到快速高效解题。
篇8：考研英语阅读各题型解题要点
考研英语阅读各题型解题要点
一、细节题
【解题方法】题干+选项精确定位法
【解题步骤】
1. 找出题干关键词，精确定位到文章
返回原文可依据以下几个关键点来：
1)可以根据题干所列的地点、时间、人物、事物返回原文;
2)根据出题的顺序返回原文;
3)根据题干中或四个选项中的重点词，或同义词返回原文;
4)通过长难句返回原文。
2. 将所选答案精确定位到文章
【例题】2014年Text 1
21. According to Dumn and Norton, which of the following is the most rewarding purchase?
[A] A big house
[B] A special tour
[C] A stylish car
[D] A rich meal
These two academics use an array of behavioral research to show that the most rewarding ways to spend money can be counterintuitive. Fantasies of great wealth often involve visions of fancy cars and extravagant homes. Yet satisfaction with these material purchases wears off fairly quickly. What was once exciting and new becomes old-hat; regret creeps in. It is far better to spend money on experiences, say Ms. Dumn and Mr. Norton, like interesting trips, unique meals or even going to the cinema. These purchases often become more valuable with time - as stories ormemories-particularly if they involve feeling more connected to others.
【解题步骤应用】
1 题干定位
Dumn and Norton--- Ms. Dumn and Mr. Norton
According to---say
the most rewarding ---far better
purchase--- to spend money on
因此，答案定位在 experiences like interesting trips, unique meals or even going to the cinema.
2 选项定位
答案[B] A special tour
special----interesting 表示“特别的，有趣的”;
a tour----trips 表示“旅程”。
二、推理题
【解题方法】段落中心句+具体细节
【解题步骤】
1.找出题干关键词，精确定位到文章段落。
2.找出该段落的'中心句。
3.将段落中心句与具体细节句相结合，与选项匹配。绝大多数推理题答案是文章中心或原文某句话的同义表达。正确答案与原文之间基本上不存在推理关系。
【例题】2014年Text 1
24. According to the last paragraph, Happy Money ____.
[A] has left much room for readers' criticism
[B] may prove to be a worthwhile purchase
[C] has predicted a wider income gap in the US.
[D] may give its readers a sense of achievement
Readers of Happy Money are clearly a privileged lot, anxious about fulfillment, not hunger. Money may not quite buy happiness, but people in wealthier countries are generally happier than those in poor ones. Yet the link between feeling good and spending money on others can be seen among rich and poor people around the world, and scarcity enhances the pleasure of most things for most people. Not everyone will agree with the authors' policy ideas, which range from mandating more holiday time to reducing tax incentives for American homebuyers. But most people will come away from this book believing it was money well spent.
【解题步骤应用】
1. 题干定位
题干关键词：the last paragraph
Happy Money----this book
2. 段落中心句
该段中出现了两个句间转折词yet和but，中心句应为最后一个转折词之后的句子，所以本段的中心句为most people will come away from this book believing it was money well spent。
3. 匹配选项
[B] may prove to be a worthwhile purchase
worthwhile purchase ---- money well spent 意思是“这本书值得购买”
三、主旨题
【解题方法】主题词+串线法
【解题步骤】
1. 找出文章的主题词，通常为名词。
2. 找出文章各个段落的中心句，并将中心句串在一起。
3. 宏观阅读，匹配选项。正确选项通常体现全局以及概括性信息，因此选项不能选择局部信息，也不能选择范围过宽的信息。
【例题】2014年Text 1
25. This text mainly discusses how to____.
[A] balance feeling good and spending money
[B] spend large sums of money won in lotteries
[C] obtain lasting satisfaction from money spent
[D] become more reasonable in spending on luxuries
What would you do with $590m? This is now a question for Gloria Mackenzie, an 84-year-old widow who recently emerged from her small, tin-roofed house in Florida to collect the biggest undivided lottery jackpot in history. If she hopes her new-found fortune will yield lasting feelings of fulfillment, she could do worse than read Happy Money by Elizabeth Dumn and Michael Norton.
These two academics use an array of behavioral research to show that the most rewarding ways to spend money can be counterintuitive. Fantasies of great wealth often involve visions of fancy cars and extravagant homes. Yet satisfaction with these material purchases wears off fairly quickly. What was once exciting and new becomes old-hat; regret creeps in. It is far better to spend money on experiences, say Ms. Dumn and Mr. Norton, like interesting trips, unique meals or even going to the cinema. These purchases often become more valuable with time - as stories or memories - particularly if they involve feeling more connected to others.
This slim volume is packed with tips to help wage slaves as well as lottery winners get the most “happiness bang for your buck.” It seems most people would be better off if they could shorten their commutes to work, spend more time with friends and family and less of it watching television (something the average American spends a whopping two months a year doing, and is hardly jollier for it). Buying gifts or giving to charity is often more pleasurable than purchasing things for oneself, and luxuries are most enjoyable when they are consumed sparingly. This is apparently the reason MacDonald's restricts the availability of its popular McRib - a marketing trick that has turned the pork sandwich into an object of obsession.
Readers of Happy Money are clearly a privileged lot, anxious about fulfillment, not hunger. Money may not quite buy happiness, but people in wealthier countries are generally happier than those in poor ones. Yet the link between feeling good and spending money on others can be seen among rich and poor people around the world, and scarcity enhances the pleasure of most things for most people. Not everyone will agree with the authors' policy ideas, which range from mandating more holiday time to reducing tax incentives for American homebuyers. But most people will come away from this book believing it was money well spent.
【解题步骤应用】
1. 文章主题词：spending money, happiness
2. 各个段落的中心句
第一段：最后一句，
该句指出如果老妇人希望这笔新得到的财富获得长期的成就感(lasting feelings of fulfillment)，那么最好读一下《开心理财》这本书。
第二段：第五句。该句指出《开心理财》这本书的两位作者的观点，即最好把钱花在一些经历上，这些经历会随着时间的流逝变得更有价值(more valuable with time)。
第三段：第一句。该句指出这本书主要涉及的内容是给人们提出了一些“如何从钱财中获得最大幸福感”(happiness bang for your buck)的建议。
第四段：最后一句。该句指出，这本书值得够买，体现出作者对这本书持肯定态度，即作者赞同这本书中的观点。
3. 匹配选项
[C] obtain lasting satisfaction from money spent
文章的主题词：money spent
lasting satisfaction ---- happiness
四、态度题
【解题方法】用词的感情色彩或举例的方式
【解题步骤】
1. 根据题干中的关键词回文定位
2. 找出该关键词的相关修饰语，进行感情色彩的判断。在判断感情色彩时，应结合以下两点。
1)作者态度可以分为三大类：a. 正向态度：支持，乐观，赞同; b. 客观、中立、公正;c. 负向态度：反对、批评、怀疑
2)特别注意作者的态度一般与文章中心相联系。不要把自己的态度纳入其中，而且要注意区分作者的态度和作者引用别人的态度。
3. 匹配选项。匹配选项时应该注意：
1)有些选项一定不是正确答案(永陪选项)：indifferent(漠不关心);subjective(主观的);biased(有偏见的);puzzled(迷惑不解的)。
2)一般带有绝对化或者过于强烈的语气的选项必然是错误的，如：strongly;completely;entirely。
【例题】2014年Text 1
22. The author's attitude toward Americans' watching TV is ____.
[A] critical
[B] supportive
[C] sympathetic
[D] ambiguous
This slim volume is packed with tips to help wage slaves as well as lottery winners get the most “happiness bang for your buck.” It seems most people would be better off if they could shorten their commutes to work, spend more time with friends and family and less of it watching television (something the average American spends a whopping two months a year doing, and is hardly jollier for it). Buying gifts or giving to charity is often more pleasurable than purchasing things for oneself, and luxuries are most enjoyable when they are consumed sparingly. This is apparently the reason MacDonald's restricts the availability of its popular McRib - a marketing trick that has turned the pork sandwich into an object of obsession.
【解题步骤应用】
1. 回文定位
关键词“American's watching TV”出现在该段第二句话：it seems most people would be better… if they spend less of it watching television (something the average spending a whopping two months a year doing, and is hardly jollier for it)。
2. 相关修饰词
1) It would be better if they spend less of it. 意思是“如果少花点时间看电视则会好点。”
2) hardly jollier意思是“不开心”。
3) 得出作者的态度是负向的。
3. 匹配选项
[A] critical 批评的----负向态度
【考研英语阅读 推理判断类题型考察点】相关文章：
1.考研英语题型
10.职称英语阅读判断做题技巧
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