小学教材电子版
“chencf1987”通过精心收集,向本站投稿了6篇小学教材电子版,下面就是小编给大家分享的小学教材电子版,希望大家喜欢!
篇1:人教版小学二年级数学(下)教材高清电子版
在线阅读请点击链接查看
查看完整版可微信搜索公众号【5068教学资料】,关注后对话框回复【1】获取二年级语文、二年级数学、二年级英语电子课本资源。
部编和人教有什么区别部编和人教版一样的吗
部编和人教主要区别是编写单位不同,部编版的编写单位是教育部,人教版的编写单位是人民教育出版社。若要具体区别两个版本,则可以从两点辨别,一个是目录,部编比之人教古诗文篇目大幅增加,比较侧重于阅读;二是对认字和写字的要求,部编比之人教更注重基础的掌握和积累,积极打破传统先学认字再学拼音。
什么是人教版
人教版即由人民教育出版社出版的教材版本名称。人教版教材涵盖小学到高中的内容,是大多数学校所用的教材。
可见所谓“人教”指的是“人民教育出版社”,所谓“版”指的是教科书版本,而非“出版社”的“版”。因此,“人教版”指的是由人民教育出版社出版的教科书版本。比如我国中小学教育辅导报刊中,《语文报》、《中学生学习报》、《学苑新报》等均有着不同版本的教辅报纸,诸如人教大纲版、人教新课标版等。
二年级语文学习方法
语文学习方法——预习篇
1.圈出生字,大声朗读课文,标注自然段。
2.观察“我会写”中的生字,说说每个生字的要点和关键笔画,在书上进行描红。
3.和爸爸妈妈一起演一演课文内容。
语文学习方法——复习篇
1.有感情地朗读或背诵课文。
2.听写课后词语,认读词语。
3.和爸爸妈妈交流:今天在课堂上所掌握的知识点。
4.查看课作本、写字本上的错误,及时查漏补缺。
语文学习方法——课堂篇
1.课堂上要积极举手发言。
2.同学发言时要专心听。
3.老师讲课时要认真听。
4.老师要求做的作业要及时完成。
5.做作业时书写要漂亮。
语文学习方法——阅读篇
1.阅读时划出好词好句。
2.阅读时要认真。
语文学习方法——作业篇
1.做作业时不能东张西望。
2.如果遇到不会做的题要多读几遍,划出关键词。
语文学习方法——考试篇
1.做完试卷后必须认真检查。
2.写完作文后要阅读。
3.不能看其他人的试卷。
4.做题要认真细心,不能漏题。
5.考试时不能东张西望。
语文学习方法——复习篇
1.复习时要多看看以前的错题。
2.把以前的错题讲给爸爸妈妈听。
篇2:小学教材说课稿
小学教材说课稿
人教版小学语文四年级上册说课稿《观潮》第二课时
一、说教材
《观潮》是四年级第七册第三单元的一篇阅读课文。本单元的重点训练项目是《注意积累写作材料》,它既是第二单元《抓住课文主要内容》的继续,又是第四单元《从内容中体会思想》的延续,同时还为完成第五单元《抓住事物的特点写》打下坚实的基础。
这篇讲读课文,按顺序抓特点通过“我”的耳闻目睹,介绍了自古以来被称为“天下奇观”的钱塘江大潮。文中洋溢着作者强烈的热爱祖国、热爱大自然的思想感情。
四年级是小学阶段由低向高发展的关键的阶梯,大纲明确要求:“能抓住重点词、句、段”,深入理解课文内容:“学习课文是怎样观察事物,用词造句,连句成段,连段成篇”的。根据大纲目的要求,语文教学的规律以及《观潮》这一课的特点,应达到以下4个教学目标:
1.理解课文内容,使学生了解钱塘江大潮的壮丽与雄奇,激发学生热爱大自然、热爱祖国大好河山的思想感情。
2.学习作者有顺序、抓特点的观察方法,培养学生留心观察周围事物的习惯。
3.学会生字新词,理解并运用在具体的语言环境中。
4.给课文分段,有感情朗读课文,背诵3、4自然段。
教学重点:学习课文3、4自然段。
教学难点:1.理解重点词、句、段。2.学习作者有顺序的观察方法,培养学生观察能力,养成积累材料的习惯。
教具:录相带、投影片。
二、说教法
运用电教手段,采用情境教学法。
教学是科学,也是艺术。罗丹说过:“艺术就是感情。教育离不开爱,教学情为先。我充分应用电教手段,把学生带到一个钱塘江大潮来临时雄伟壮美的景象中,使编者情、作者情、教师情、学生情融为一体,学生身临其境,情寓其中。从心理学角度来分析,认识是有意识心理活动和无意识心理活动的统一,是理智活动和情感活动的统一。我抓住学生和教师感情可以相互感染、相互影响的心理特点,采用情境教学法,不仅可以培养学生的观察能力,而且能激发学生热爱祖国、热爱大自然的思想感情,还能启迪思维,发展想象,对开发学生非智力因素等方面有独到的作用。
三、说学法
教学是学生在教师指导下自觉主动的学习过程,要真正让语文教学的课堂从过去的“讲堂”变成学生的“学堂”,必须优化课堂教学结构,提高教学效益,把课堂这一个广阔的舞台还给学生,提高学生素质,遵循以学生为主体、教师为主导、训练为主线的“三为主”原则,学生采用:看、听、读、品的方法学习。
我说的是《观潮》一课的第二课时。
四、说教程
1.复习导入:
上节课,我们学习了《观潮》一文,首先请同学们回忆作者是按什么顺序来写的?
(学生答后教师板书,在初读课文的基础上,从整体入手,把握文章的思路即观潮的顺序,为学习下文奠定基础。)
2.齐读第一段,投影出示:
a.钱塘江大潮,自古以来被称为“天下奇观”。
b.这里是观潮的好地方。
请大家读后说说“观”字各是什么意思。
(这样做的目的是引导学生抓住中心词“天下奇观”理解钱塘江大潮是雄伟壮丽而又罕见的景象,教给学生在具体的语言环境中理解重点词语的方法,让学生自己走上讲台,当小老师,学生体验到了成功的喜悦,培养了学生的语言表达能力。)
3.江潮还没有来,作者看到了什么?大家轻声读第二段,然后同桌互说。
(学生通过读理解课文内容,因为每一节课教学效果的好与坏,实际上是教师导、学生演“戏”的演出效果如何的体现。课堂教学不仅在于老师的导,还在于学生的学。学生通过读书,理解了潮来前江面的平静,体会到“人山人海”观潮的热闹场面和人们期盼的心情。
4.那么,潮来时究竟是怎样的景象呢?今天让我们随着录像细细观赏一番,不过要边看边听边想:你看到了什么?听到了什么?此时此刻你又想到了什么?看完后前后桌四人小组讨论。
教师巧设疑问,引导学生进入角色,学生的情感一下子沉浸在钱塘江大潮滚滚而来,奔腾咆哮的壮丽图景中。学生看得如梦似醉,这就是情境教学法的作用。同时围绕单元重点训练这一个面,巧设三个点即三个小问题,由点到面,循序渐进,由易到难,强化课堂教学的语言文字训练,注意训练的坡度、难度。看完后,学生情绪激昂,兴致勃勃展开讨论,兴趣就是最好的老师,学生有的说听到潮来时的声音从小变大;有的说先看见一条细白线,然后又看到白浪翻滚,还有的说我真想大喊一声“太美啦”,在这一教学过程中,学生眼睛看得细、耳朵听得真、讨论得热火朝天。播放录相把握时机,将视觉手段和听觉手段紧密结合起来,有助于培养学生观察能力,发展学生的想象能力和动态形象的思维能力,学生见其形、闻其声。这样做提高了课堂教学的艺术水平,落实了本单元重点训练项目,抓住了本节教学重点,为突破教学难点打下了坚实的基础。
5.教师趁热打铁,抓住机遇巧引导:
阅读3、4自然段,思考:a.作者观察顺序是怎样的?你是怎样知道的?b.作者抓住了潮水的哪些特点来写?c.用“”划出你认为最能体现潮水雄伟、壮观的词句。同桌可以讨论。
学生通过读、划、议,明白以“水天相接的地方出现了一条白线”、“白色城墙”、“千万匹战马、齐头并进、浩浩荡荡”这些词语中,抓住潮来时的形状特点。在观看录相之后,再回到文中细品评,学生陶醉在有声有色有形的情景中,潮水越来越近,潮头越来越高,声势越来越猛的景象中,领略到大自然的美好,激发了学生热爱祖国的思想感情,使学生受到了潜移默化的美的熏陶,落实了大纲要求,对学生进行了语言文字的训练,在课堂上给学生学习和思考的时间,落实了“三为主”的教学原则。
6.引导学生美读3、4段。
让学生自己在读中学,学中读,如“横贯江面、山崩地裂、白色城墙、白色战马:浩浩荡荡”读得顿挫有力,语气由缓到急,语调由平静到高昂,读出了作者所表达的思想感情来。通过教师导读,学生试读、领读、自由朗读、齐读、对学生进行了读的能力的培养,学生在学中读,读中品,品中悟,最后实现了“读书百遍,其义自现。”
7.再次观看潮来时的录象,深化理解,加深感受,看后说一说自己的感想。
把情境教学法和看、听、读、品的学习方法通过教师与学生的双边活动有机揉合在一起,把课文中语言文字所描绘的大潮滚滚而来,奔腾咆哮的壮丽景观和文中所表达的强烈的热爱祖国、热爱大自然的思想感情有机结合在一起,形成一种教学艺术的境界,真是“作者胸有境、入境始于亲。”!
8.学习第五自然段,读读,想想,潮过后是怎样的情形?
学生通过自己学习,明白潮过之后江面才恢复平静,江水涨了两丈来高。这从水量之大讲江潮的壮观,培养了学生的自学能力。
9.师生共同总结全文。
把你这节课所学到的知识讲给大家听(从写作、词句、思想等方面来考虑)。
学生想好后,自告奋勇说给大家听。在总结全文时,教师有意识从思想、知识、能力方面引导学生,变教师“一言堂”小结为面向全体学生,尊重学生个性发展的“课堂小结”。这种形式独特新颖,能优化课堂教学结构,收到事半功倍的效果。
板书设计:
板书设计抓住重点词句,引导学生加以概括、归纳、总结,有利于提高学生阅读理解课文的能力,提高学生布局谋篇的能力。
总之,在《观潮》一课的教学过程中,我采用了情境教学法,应用了电化教学的先进手段,发挥了课堂教学“三为主”的调控作用,围绕“注意积累写作材料”的重点,训练项目,教师注重导方法、导技能,发挥了学生的主体作用,在对学生进行语言文字训练的同时又渗透了思想教育,圆满完成了教学任务。当前,教育正面临着由“应试”转向“素质”教育的重大改革,信息革命的浪潮正加速着教育技术化的进程。全面提高学生素质必须在课堂教学中实施,在今后的教学工作中,我一定加强课堂教学如何实施素质教育的研究,不断提高自身素质,为培养跨世纪的人才而努力奋斗
我的说课内容结束,谢谢大家。
人教版小学语文四年级上册说课稿
今天我主要说的是九年义务教育苏教版语文教材的《公仪休拒收礼物》(第27课)的教学设计及其分析
一、说教材:
《公仪休拒收礼物》是苏教版九年义务教育六年制小学语文第七册第七单元的一篇课文。这篇课文是个独幕剧,讲的是两千多年前鲁国的宰相公仪休拒绝某大夫送来的鲤鱼的故事。在教学此文时,同学们对公仪休的这一人物形象围绕一个“清”字层层深入而独到的分析感悟给人以耳目一新之感!
课文是以围绕公仪休拒收礼物为线索展开故事情节的。剧情虽然简单,但结构紧凑,人物性格鲜明,充分体现了独幕剧的特点。
根据大纲要求,结合教材特点和学生的认知水平和年龄特征,确定本课时的教学目标为:
1、学会阅读剧本,学习独幕剧表演。
2、理解公仪休最后一段的含义,学习公仪休清正廉洁、拒收礼物的品格。
其中学会阅读剧本、表演剧本是本课重点,把握人物的性格,理解公仪休最后一段话的含义是本课难点。
二、说教法、学法
为了达成上述的教学目标,根据大纲要求和课文特点,遵循阅读规律和儿童的认知规律,我们备课组选择的基本教法是“以读代讲、以演代讲、情境教学”的导学式教学法,确定了“读中感悟、以读悟情、质疑解疑、合作实践”为基本的学法指导,在操作过程中采用“读、划、练、思、演、品”等教学手段突出重点,突破难点。其教学程序分如下几个环节:
一、复习导入
首先出示出示张艺谋画像,让学生说说自己对导演有哪些了解,课始设置“最佳导演奖,最佳演员奖。”目的在于激起学生做导演和演员的兴趣,以便学生积极投入到剧本中去。
二、精读感悟。
以读为本,以演代讲、以读生情,以情促读。
我国语文教学有“熟读、精思、博览”的优良传统,叶圣陶先生也认为语文教学最基本的最好的方法就是读,他认为“语文教学要引导学生认真读书,使之见于书,入于目,出于口,明于心,真正达到口诵心惟,使知、能和谐发展。”
本课主要通过人物的对话刻画人物,虽然文字浅显,但细细品味,回味无穷,
在指导朗读时,师说:“请各位导演仔细地读读剧本。”就是让每一位同学都能将自身置于剧本之中,找到做导演的感觉。指导学生找出体现主人公特点的有关词句,鲤鱼的味道实在是鲜美呀!我已经很久没吃鱼了,今天买了一条,一顿就吃光了。
只要天天有鱼吃,我也就心满意足了。
通过对这些词句的朗读品味,体会公仪休对鲤鱼的喜爱之情。并能通过自己表演(回味似的)这一表情让人觉得公仪休真的非常爱吃鱼。表演的同学是演员,坐着的同学都是导演,对演员和剧本进行指导、再创造,其实就是将评价换一种形式展示在课堂教学中。
注意语思统一,力求做到发展语言与发展思维相结合。
大纲指出:语言文字是思维的表现形式,发展语言必须与发展思维相结合。所谓语思统一原则就是把语言训练与思维训练统一起来,在发展学生语言的同时,发展学生的认知能力、思维品质。本课中我们力求语思统一,从公仪休怎样拒收和为什么拒收鲤鱼入手,探究公仪休思维过程,从而体会公仪休高人一筹的见识和清正廉洁的品格让学生展开想象的翅膀,练习说话、表演,发展创造性思维。
三、内化、表演
学生在阅读了剧本,进一步熟悉了人物的性格后。可以和自己的好伙伴找一块空地来排演。师问:“最佳导演奖、最佳演员奖将花落谁家呢?”(串联前文的奖项)更加激起学生表演欲望,最后评出设置奖项。
四、小结
学完剧本后,让学生说体会,与他人交流自己的阅读感受。
我的说课内容结束,谢谢大家。
父亲的菜园说课稿
【说教材】
《父亲的菜园》这是一篇第七册选读课文,记叙了父亲在一片荒凉的山坡上开垦一块土地,使它成为“我家”菜园的事,表现了父亲勤劳、坚毅的品质,体现出作者对父亲、对土地深厚的感情。
课文通过对父亲言行的具体描写,表现父亲的优秀品质是本文表达上的一个特点。引导学生从描写父亲开垦菜园言行的.词句中体会父亲勤劳、坚毅的品质,感受父亲对劳动、对土地的爱是是教学重点。体会父亲在荒坡上开垦菜园的艰辛,对城市或平原地区的学生来说是教学上的难点。
学习这篇课文的目的是加强学生对记事写人这一类文章的感悟,进一步学习从内容中体会思想,从父亲坚忍不拔的品质中受到教育,培养热爱土地和热爱劳动人民的思想感情。
结合我对教材的理解以及文本的价值取向,按知识、能力、情感三方面的目标,我确定本课
教学目标:
1、引导学生通读课文,最大限度地促成每个层面的学生,都能将课文读正确,读通顺。
2、学习从课文内容体会思想的方法,引导学生抓住文中描写父亲言行的句子,结合上下文进行理解,从中体会父亲在开垦菜园的过程中付出的艰辛劳动,感受父亲身上表现出来的那种坚毅、自信、勤劳的品格,知道要想获取成功必须勇于克服困难,坚持努力奋斗的道理。
3、在读悟结合、丰富言语实践活动中,发展历练学生语言,在读中提升情感,唤起对父亲的崇敬。
【说教法学法】
为了达成上述的教学目标,本课选择的基本教法是“着眼课题、以读为本、读中感悟、导读解疑、语思统一”的导学式教学法。在操作过程中采用“读、疑、思、划”等教学手段突出重点,突破难点。培养学生质疑课题,着眼课题理解课文内容的思维习惯,培养学生朗读能力,培养语感。
【说理念】
本设计把着力点放在培养学生自主阅读能力上,让学生在积极主动的阅读活动中,去理解和感悟“父亲”的精神。按照“质疑课题、梳理问题——自主探究、感悟交流——深化文本、体会精神”的过程组织学习,把朗读课文、交流感受整合在思考与解决问题中,发展学生语言和思维。
【说流程】
一、亲情导入,质疑课题
1.同学们见过菜地吗?菜地:院子里的小块平地可以开垦成,田里的又大又平,分成一畦一畦的。可是有一位极其普通的农民,为家人在山坡上开出了一块菜园(板书课题:父亲的菜园)读题。
2、学生课件观看父亲在山坡上开辟的菜园,再读课题,质疑。
3、梳理问题:为什么叫“父亲的菜园”?
[设计意图]
用亲切自然的语言,引导学生进入课文,有水到渠成之妙。推测课题,设置悬念,能激发学生阅读兴趣,由课题这个文眼作为这节课的教学切入点。
二、读通课文,整体感知
①自由轻声读课文,注意生字读音,遇到难读的句子反复多读几遍,练习读正确,读流利。(请教学习工具或老师)(疑难字词课件屏幕呈示)
②在父亲开垦菜园的过程中,哪些地方最让你感动,把这样的语段画出来,多读几遍。
③想一想课文主要写了一件什么事。
④反馈朗读划出的句子,注意读得正确、流利、有感情。
⑤交流:课文主要写了一件什么事?
三、品读课文,探究原因(探究为什么叫“父亲的菜园”)1、细读课文,思考为什么叫“父亲的菜园”,要求:圈画批注。
2、讨论感悟重点词句,感受父亲的勤劳、坚忍不拔、对土地的热爱,带着感受朗读课文。
重点研读:
(1)“父亲坚毅地说:‘我们去开荒!’”(勤劳)
(2)“每天天还没亮,父亲就扛着锄头、箢箕上山去,直到傍晚,才挑着一担柴草回家来。”(勤劳、吃苦)
(3)“父亲没有气馁……盖住了那可怖的岩石。”(坚忍不拔)
(4)当我问能否长出豌豆,父亲“信心十足地说:‘当然能!’”(对土地的信赖)
(5)“父亲说:‘我们不能光顾眼前,也真难为了这片荒地,它是拼了命才养出这一片豌豆来的。就这样榨干它,以后就别想吃瓜吃菜了。这一季豌豆就用来肥土吧。’”(对土地的保护、热爱)
(6)拾粪肥田。“有时候我在山坡上放牛,尿憋急了,父亲也要我跑到菜地里去撒。”(为了肥土、对土地的热爱)
为什么叫“父亲的菜园”?可归纳说:
①父亲付出了艰辛的劳动,在山坡上开出了一块作为菜园的基地。
②当暴雨冲走泥土后,父亲一筐筐挑土,靠自己的双手“创造”了一块新菜园。
③为了育肥土地,把自己的劳动成果──豌豆翻进土里,精心侍候,使土地变得肥沃,让全家人拥有了一个四季常青的菜园。
[设计意图]此环节引导学生抓住问题来阅读思考和感悟,引导学生自主学习和探究,把学生相对分散的思维集中起来,准确地把握文章内容,体会情感。
四、深读课文,体会精神(深入体会课文内容所要表达的思想)
1、思考、交流:父亲的菜园收获的是什么?收获的仅仅是四季的蔬菜吗?“我”收获了什么?你呢?(收获的是一种人生精神:坚毅、勤劳、不畏艰辛、坚忍不拔、热爱土地、热爱劳动)你此时心里最大的感受是什么?(一个人,无论做什么事情只要肯付出辛苦,遇到困难、挫折不气馁,永远保持自信,什么事情都能做成。)
2、有感情地齐读课文中描写父亲言行,体现不畏艰辛、坚忍不拔的句子。(课件呈示)
3、带着对父亲的敬佩之情再读课题。
我的说课内容结束,谢谢大家。
小学语文四年级上册说课稿
一、说教材:
“诚实”是我们中华民族的传统美德。古人再三强调,待人以诚是立身之本;而今党中央更是十分重视精神文明建设,倡导培养青少年的诚实美德。目前,商业战线也提出了“诚信经营”的口号。因此,“诚实”是人心所向。
苏教版实验教科书小学语文四年级上册第六单元第19课《诚实与信任》这篇课文,记叙“我”深夜驱车回家途中,不小心撞断了路边小红车的反光镜后,主动留下写有自己姓名、电话的纸条,后来,双方通过电话使事情得到圆满解决,说明了诚实和信任比金钱更重要的道理。
本文选取的是生活中极其平常的小事,按照事情的发展顺序叙述,描写手法也极为朴实,没有什么华丽的辞藻,但人物的言行却感人至深。特别是课文的第二段(对话部分),尤为情真意切,生动感人。
根据新课程标准的要求、教材的编写意图、教材特点和学生的年龄特点,本课按计划需要两课时完成,我说的是第二课时。第二课时我确立的教学目标是:
1、认知目标:理解课文内容,有感情地朗读课文。
2、技能目标:分角色朗读“打电话”这部分课文。
3、情感目标:引导学生领悟诚实与信任比金钱更重要的道理。
教学重点:读中感悟“打电话”这部分内容,体味其中的蕴含。
教学难点:以读为本,以情促读,读中感悟文章“小中见大”、“平中见奇”的写作特色。
二、说教法:
古希腊学者普罗塔戈说过:“头脑不是一个要被填满的容器,而是一束需要被点燃的火把。”学生是学习和发展的主体,为了达到目标、突出重点、突破难点以及中年级学生的特点,以读为本,以读生情,以情促读。《语文课程标准》提出“阅读教学是学生、教师、文本之间对话的过程”,在“我”与小红车主人的“打电话”这部分内容,我给学生适度的时间与“文本”对话,诵读、感受、理解、欣赏课文,从而感悟出诚实与信任的可贵;再进一步地开展师生、生生间的对话。
我打算在操作过程中采用“读、划、练、演、议、品”等教学手段突出重点,突破难点。本课时主要教给学生抓住文中含义深刻的句子,体会课文表达的思想感情,培养学生的语感。
本课设计总的指导思想是求实、求活、求新、求效。
三、说学法:
俗话说:“授之以鱼不如授之以渔”,向学生传授“学法”,让学生学会读书。通过学生的读读、想想、议议、演演等活动,调动学生积极思维。叶圣陶也认为语文教学最基本最好的方法就是读,他认为“语文教学要引导学生认真读书,使之见于书,入于目,出于口,明于心,真正达到口诵心惟,使知、能和谐发展。”我设计了指名读、范读、品读、齐读、分角色朗读等多种形式的读,让学生以读显形,突出感染性;以读动情,注重熏陶性;以情促读,加强理解性:以读启智,坚持启发性。
本堂课教学着重教给学生以下学习方法:
1、抓住人物的言行体会人物的思想情感,这也是阅读写人的文章的基本方法。
2、抓住关键词,读懂句子,领会蕴含的意思。
3、发掘教材的情感因素,调动学生的情感,以情激趣。
为此,我打算从师生两方面做好如下准备,师:电脑课件;生:搜集关于“诚实”的故事和名人名言。
四、说教学程序:
(一)导入:
因为是第二课时,所以我就开门见山,直接进入正题。让学生在文中找出带有课题的一句话,用“~~~~~~~”画出。(“不,人与人之间还有比金钱更重要的东西,你给我留下了诚实与信任,这比金钱更重要。”)
(二)质疑研读,探究“诚实”
1、读文质疑,连词明意:
出示词语:驾驶、故障、超出、环顾、联系、陌生、道歉、诚实、信任
读准这些词语,用上这些词语说说课文主要写了一件什么事。
2、品词析句,挖掘内涵
出示语段:
“虽然这辆车的车头超出停车线二三十厘米,但是它毕竟是停着的,事故的责任应该在我。”
“我环顾四周,不见一人,便在路灯下写了一张纸条,压在这辆车的雨刷下。”
明明是红色小汽车的车头超出停车线二十多厘米,才会造成这次事故,为什么“我”会认为事故的责任在“我”,而且留这张纸条是“应该的”呢?(引导学生讨论,体会“我”的诚实)
(三)设计练笔,加深理解
1、假设你就是课文中的“我”,请你用上自己的姓名、自己家的电话号码,给车主留个条。
2、再读课文,讨论造成事故的原因:
天气环境的原因——天黑、有雾、能见度差
小汽车车主原因——车头超出停出线二三十厘米
“我”的原因——归心似箭
(四)品读对话,体验真诚
叶圣陶先生说:“设身处地,激昂处还他个激昂,委婉处还他个委婉……美读得其法,作者胸有境,入境始于亲。”所以,在这一环节中,我请学生设计对话的提示语,先学后教,以学定教。通过分角色朗读“打电话”部分,指导学生读中悟情。
(五)拓展延伸,激情导行
1、读、背最后一段对话,想一想课文为什么要用“诚实与信任”作题目?还可以用什么作题目?
2、屏幕出示故事《宽恕》,让学生读一读,并做简短的发言。
3、搜集关于“诚实”的故事和名人名言,并适当地摘抄下来。
五、说板书设计:
总之,我力图通过以上教学设计,充分发挥学生的主体功能,做到书让学生读,问题让学生提,分析让学生讲,道理让学生悟,最终达到学有所得。
19、诚实与信任
无人知晓留条回电…………………………………诚实与信任(比)
买反光镜的费用……………………………………金钱(更)
人与人的之间和谐、信任…………………………重要
我的说课内容结束,谢谢大家。
人教版小学语文四年级上册说课稿《和时间赛跑》第二课时
一、说教材
《和时间赛跑》是小学语文第七册第一组的一篇精读课文,这篇文章主要讲了两层意思:一是“我”从爸爸的谈话中、从太阳落山、鸟儿的飞行中,明白了为什么要珍惜时间;从“我”和时间赛跑的经历中体会到怎样珍惜时间。作者慧眼独具地抓住了生活中不经意的时间流逝问题,以祖母去世,“我”哀痛万分,通过父母对我的启示和自己的切身感受,把时间变成了可以觉察到、并在行动中可以抓得住的东西,从而点明了中心,使人们认识到:所有时间里的事物,都永远不会回来了,但是假若你一直和时间赛跑,你就会获得成功,是一篇教育学生珍惜时间的好教材。
本节课训练重点是理解文中父亲说的话、有关珍惜时间的谚语和文章最后一段话,明白其中蕴含的道理,本课难点是通过文中具体事例明白时间可以争取的道理,从而养成珍惜时间的习惯,这也是本课的教学目标。
由于四年级的学生有了一定的理解分析能力,根据课文内容和我班学生思维比较活跃的特点,教学时可以指导学生读文体验并展开探究的方法理解课文内容,然后让学生联系自己的亲身经历或所见所闻进行阅读反思,感受时间的珍贵,形成珍惜时间的价值观念和情感体验。
二、说教法和学法
培养学生良好的人文素养、语文素养以及合作探究精神、创新精神,是新课程标准的重要理念,为了实现这一目标,同时也为体现新课程标准中知识和能力、情感与态度、过程与方法三个维度的统一,充分调动学生的积极性和主动性,构建开放而有活力的语文课堂。教学时我采取引导法,以课文题目为切入点引导学生质疑,然后组织学生讨论探究并体验,最后结合实际进行阅读反思,从而体现教师的主导性和学生的主体地位,体现语文课堂的开放性和语文课与社会、与人生相结合的特点。
三、说教学过程
我的课堂结构是:质疑定向——探究体验——反思升华——自主作业。
爱因斯坦说过:“问题的提出往往比解答问题更重要。”由于文章题目就是文章的文眼,所以上课伊始,我就引导学生从题目入手质疑,提问:读了课题,你有什么问题要问?这时学生会提出:谁和时间赛跑?为什么要和时间赛跑?时间又不是人,“我”为什么偏偏要和它赛跑?“我”是怎样和时间赛跑的?结果怎样等问题,我针对学生提出的问题进行归纳总结,概括为以下三个问题:(出示问题)
1、时间又不是人,“我”为什么要和它赛跑?
2、“我”是怎样和时间赛跑的?
3、时间又不是人,“我”为什么偏偏要和它赛跑?
问题确定后我让学生选择最想探究的问题,自由结合组成探究小组并迅速确定每个人的角色。这样就为下边的理解和探究做好了铺垫,使探究确定了方向。
接着进入教学的第二个阶段—探究体验。
探究定向后,我用信任而具带鼓励性的语言引导学生反复读文,自主探究,学生在寻求答案的过程中难免碰壁或者片面,这时我再让学生小组讨论,学生有自主探究转为合作探究。
学生通过读文自主探究、小组合作探究明白了:如果时间能停下来,外祖母就不会去世;如果时间能停下来,爸爸还会拥有童年,“我”也会回到昨天,我更不会有一天也像外祖母一样永远不能回来;如果时间能停下来,明天还会看到今天的太阳,鸟儿还会飞过今天的飞行路线,然而这一切都是不可能的。并从这些普普通通的生活事例中体会到了时间的一去不复返。学生在对文中“一寸光阴一寸金,寸金难买寸光阴”等谚语的探究理解中体会到了时间的珍贵。
学生通过自主探究、合作探究之后,问题基本明朗化,这时进行全班交流,有中心发言人代表小组进行发言。我根据学生汇报情况相机板书,并及时出示下列重点句子:
(1)所有时间里的事物都永远不会回来了。
(2)一寸光阴一寸金,寸金难买寸光阴。
(3)光阴似箭,日月如梭。
(4)虽然明天还会有新的太阳,但永远不会有今天的太阳了。
新《课标》要求语文教学要加强对学生进行朗读训练,不但要从朗读技巧上指导,而且要引导学生入情入境,表达出思想感情。所以在学生探究理解过程重,我及时引导学生进行朗读体验,(比如:(1)用悲痛的语调读第一自然段,体验作者的悲痛和时间的无情;(2)用稍慢、无奈与沉重的语气读第四自然段,体验时间的短暂与无情;(3)用稍快而又兴奋的语调,体验我跑赢时间奋和喜悦。)
由于这三个问题相对独立,内涵辐射全篇,教学顺序可根据学生会报情况进行调整,以保护学生的主体意识,使他们能够畅所欲言。
新课程标准要求:语文课要具有开放性和探究性,要扩大学生阅读面,所以在学生读懂课文内容并理解体验后,我再让学生交流搜集到的有关珍惜时间的名言警句,并谈自己的理解,这样课堂上你争我辨,气氛活跃,既开拓了视野,又培养了学生的思维。
在学生探究体验后,我再引导学生读文章最后一自然段,并结合实际进行反思升华,使教学进入第三个阶段,教学时,我从以下几个方面引导:
1、作者写出了这好的文章,可见是一位出色的文学家,如果他不和时间赛跑,他会在文学上取得成功吗?
2、假如有一天你也和时间赛跑,努力学习,并在某一个方面取得了成功,你是不是也会感到和时间赛跑其乐无穷呢?
3、说说自己和别人浪费了时间的一两件事,并就此谈谈你的感受
学生通过反思,明白了不珍惜时间就不会事业有成,和时间赛跑是人生中的最大乐趣,而且懂得了今后该如何珍惜时间,为培养学生珍惜时间的习惯奠定了基础
教学环节的第四部分——布置作业
新课程标准要求中年级学生能不拘形式地写下见闻和感受,并引导学生观察社会、观察人生,为体现这一指导思想并突出语文教学读写结合的宗旨,同时也为了强化学生珍惜时间的价值观念和情感态度,我安排如下作业:(出示作业)
(一)、以《时间你是我的亲密伙伴》为题,谈谈你浪费或珍惜了的时间及感受。
(二)、(1)从报刊、电视、网上或生活中搜集:哪些人被誉为走在时间前面的人?他们有哪些动人事迹?(2)列举生活中的具体事例说说一分钟可以做那些事。
四、说板书设计
学生在讨论探究中,我相机板书,我的板书是这样的:
3、和时间赛跑
外祖母去世:哀痛万分(起因)
和时间赛跑:兴奋无比(经过)
假若……就……(结果)
这个板书一方面展现了文章的主要内容,一方面展示了文章叙述顺序,为下一组了解文章的顺序这一训练重点做好了铺垫,同时也反映了作者珍惜时间价值观的形成过程和情感态度的转变过程。
我的说课内容结束,谢谢大家。
篇3:小学教材说课稿
我说课的内容是人民美术社出版的小学美术教材第四册第16课《画影子》一课,下面,我着重从教材分析、教法学法、教程程序、板书设计四个方面来谈谈我对本课的教学设计。(课件)
一、教材分析(课件)
首先我根据《美术课程标准》所确立的阶段目标,确定《画影子》一课属于“造型表现”学习领域,即通过看看、画画等方法表现所见所闻、所感所想的事物,激发学生丰富的想象力与创造愿望。
本节课要面对的教学对象是小学二年级的学生,这一学龄儿童是想象力与创造力非常丰富和活跃的时期,结合小学儿童的学龄特点,本着使学生提高对美的感受能力和艺术创造能力,我确定本课的教学目标:(课件)
知识目标:通过教学活动,让学生了解什么是影子,尝试运用不同的表现形式设计和制作。
能力目标:培养学生注意观察生活,捕捉和表现生活中的美好景象,发展创新思维和审美能力。 明确了教学目标,本课的重难点就显而易见了:(课件)
教学重点是:观察记忆影子的变化,感受影子给我们的生活带来的美感。
教学难点是:如何运用各种方法来表现影子
德育渗透 :培养学生感受生活的美好,从而更加热爱生活,树立健康的审美情趣和良好的品德情操。
二、教法学法
在教学中,为了更好地突出重点、突破难点,体现课程设计注重人文关怀,侧重学生的体验过程,针对小学二年级儿童的心理特点和认知规律,我遵循“教为主导,学为主体”的教学思想,通过情景创设,引导学生主动探究,体验学习的过程,培养自主学习主动探究的意识;通过评价激励,引导学生积极互动,体会创作的快乐,发展学生的想象力、提高学生的创造力。
三、教学过程(课件)
为了使学生都能在视、听、说、做、思等行为环节中经历美术的过程、体验审美的快乐,顺利达成教学目标,我设计的教学流程如下:
(―)创设情境
因为兴趣是最好的老师,所以我在教学一开始,我采用了《猴子捞月》的故事引入新课。然后问学生:“小猴子捞起的是月亮吗?”这个问题引发了学生们极大的兴趣,他们争先恐后地发表自己的意见,答案只有一个“不是”“而是月亮的影子”。直接引入课题。
(二)引导启发了解
由于每个学生的成长经历、知识层面、生活环境的不同,观察力与认识层面自然不同,因此,我设计了“引导启发了解影子”这一环节。先引领学生看一组图片,通过观察后回答问题,引导学生们了解到,真实的物体与影子之间的相同与不同画法,也了解了应该怎样画影子,轻松的解决了本课重难点。倒影真是太美了,激发学生热爱大自然的情怀。
(三)自主探究
接着我设计了“自主探究――添画”环节,因为自主探究、合作交流是新课程标准特别倡导的一种学习方式,可以培养学生的自主探究能力、合作意识。出示两张相同的动物――孔雀,引导学生共同分析两张画面中的孔雀是生活在一个什么样的环境中,找几名学生到黑板前共同补充孔雀的影子,其他学生可以动手在自己的作业本上绘画,也可以给黑板上的学生以口头提示。这一环节的设计为学生的创作设计了一个坡度,减低了难度。通过语言表述与语文课相结合,培养学生口头表达能力。教学活动中,以此调动学生勇于表现、释放个性的积极性,让学生真切体会到学习的成功与快乐。
(四)大胆创作
学生创作中给学生一个自由发挥、创造的空间,鼓励学生对自己的作品进行再创作,在再创作过程中,我强调学生注意影子的特点、色彩的搭配协调、画面的整体构图等。我引导学生相互讨论,可以合作完成,学会自我解决问题。
(五)展示欣赏评价
在学生创作基本完成时,我让学生采用自评为主,互评与教师简评为辅的方法进行评价,从而学生参与到教学中,培养学生自信心,体验成功的喜悦。
(六)课堂小结扩展延伸
科学精练的结束语能起到“课虽尽,但趣无穷”的效果,因此我最后设计了“课堂小结――拓展延伸”环节,在课程即将结束时,师说:“生活给艺术带来了灵感,艺术给生活带来了美感。希望每一位同学善于观察、勤于动手,把我们的生活装扮得更加美好!”这一环节能够起到让学生对生活中各种事物的关注和思考。
四、板书设计:略。
篇4:小学教材说课稿
一、根据课标要求,结合学生的实际本课的设计理念应该是:
通过教学及各种生动的音乐表现活动培养学生对音乐的兴趣,开发音乐的感知力,体验音乐的美感。并且在音乐教学活动中培养学生对艺术的想象和创造力。
二、学情分析:
小学段的孩子在对音乐的感受和表现上:能够对自然界和生活中的各种音响感到好奇有趣,能够用自己的声音对它们进行模仿。能听辨不同情绪的音乐。在课堂上能够在律动、集体舞、音乐游戏、歌表演等活动中与他人合作。在创造方面能够自制简易的乐器。在评价方面能够对自己和他人的演唱作出简单的评价。
三、教材分析:
本课在小学音乐教学中占有非常重要的地位。它是一首欢快、活泼的儿童歌曲。它以生动的歌词,轻快的节奏、流畅的旋律为我们展现了一副美好的画面。表达了孩子们纯真的感情和充满快乐自豪的情感。
四、根据本课的教材和学情我制订了本课的教学目标:
1、通过多媒体教学培养学生对音乐的兴趣,提高学生的音乐感受力和鉴赏力。
2、通过音乐互动教学培养学生主动的参与各种音乐活动,锻炼他们的合作与协调能力,增进群体意识、有感情的演唱歌曲。
3、教学中应适时的发展学生的想象培养他们的创造潜力。
五、结合学生的实际本课的重难点应是:
能够主动的参与互动教学并能够自信的演唱歌曲。难点是:发展学生想象培养学生的创造力。
六、为克服重难点我采取的教法和学法有:
创设情境法、模仿教学法、对比法、听唱法。根据学生在儿童阶段自然嗓音很纯、很亮、体形灵巧这一特点。我还采取用了律动、游戏互动法等教学手段。
七、本课的教具是多媒体。
下面是本课的教学过程分为:
1、情境导入激发兴趣
2、利用教法克服难点
3、准确完整的演唱歌曲
4、拓展延伸培养学生创造
5、自评互评培养鉴赏力。共五个环节完成本课的教学。
第一环节:情境导入
为了培养学生的兴趣、营造浓郁的音乐课堂氛围、加强教学的直观性。我采取了用多媒体来创设情境并在声像一体的课堂氛围中导入了新课。通过对音乐的体验使学生在音乐审美的过程中获得喜悦,对音乐产生兴趣,因而学生全身心的投入了课堂。
第二环节:利用教法克服重点和难点
本环节也是这节课的重点环节。结合学生的自然特点,并在教学中建立平等的师生和谐关系。我采取了听唱、律动、游戏等教学方法来克服教学中的重点和难点。如:节奏难点的解决方法:四分音符用双手拍肩,八分音符用双手拍腿等律动比一比看谁表现的最好并奖励小红花。如:音准难点的解决方法:可以引导并带领学生做听一听、学一学、唱一唱、做一做游戏。(具体的方法应根据教材而定,随机应变)还可以通过师生接龙演唱游戏解决难点营造和谐的课堂氛围。在帮助学生解决难点的过程中还应该尊重学生的个性对表现进步的同学应及时的给与奖励。使每一位学生的音乐潜力都得到发展。
第三环节:准确完整的演唱歌曲
演唱歌曲是小学生最易于接受和参与的表现形式。为了使学生能够主动的参与互动教学并能够自信的演唱歌曲。我适时的创设与歌曲内容相适应的教学情境,并通过观察比较采取了唱一唱、敲一敲、演一演等教学法(举例:应根据教材进行举例)充分调动每一位同学的积极性。引导学生主动的有感情的演唱并多给学生鼓励。这既培养了孩子们的自信心又克服了本课的难点。完成了教学目标。
第四环节:拓展延伸
培养学生创造有感情就有想象,从而形成创造思维。老师可依据本课的内容及情绪鼓励引导学生进行即兴创编活动。充分挖掘学生的潜力。创编一些与课本情绪一致的节奏、诗歌、故事、游戏、音乐表演等。(创编的内容和形式可以根据教材而定)根据学生的个性差异对每一位同学都应该多关心多鼓励。构建和谐团结民主的氛围。引导学生积极讨论共同参与,培养学生乐观的学习态度和友爱的精神。锻炼合作与协调能力,增进群体意识,培养团队精神。
第五环节:自评互评培养鉴赏力
本课的教学评价我是以表扬和鼓励为主,随时引导学生在音乐活动中开展自评互评和老师的随堂评价,以提高学生的乐感和审美能力。我评价他们的重点是能否积极自信的参与音乐表现、能否与其他的同学协作配合、在课堂小结时我还安排了学生谈一谈这节课的感想如:这节课你学到了什么?歌曲中你最喜欢那一句?在课堂上对那些有创意的学生我还及时的发给他们小奖品。
小结:
以上是本课的总阐述,不到之处请评委指正。
篇5:新东方在线 4+1 网络课堂电子版教材4+1 口语句型
第一单元 Getting to Know Each Other
一、经典句型
1. Hello,Dave.
2. Good afternoon,everyone.
3. Excuse me. Are you Professor Johnson?
4. I'm Karl Smith. This is Mr. Dai.
5. May I have your name,please?
6. How do you do?
7. Nice to meet you!
8. Let me introduce Linda to you!
9. What do you do?
10. How are you this evening?
11. I'm fine. Thank you. How are you doing?
12. Hi,Jenny. What's up?
13. Are you from the U.S.?
14. Are you going to Toronto,too?
15. How was your flight?
16. Good morning,Mr. Johnson. Did you sleep well?
17. Nice talking to you.
18. Have a good day!
19. Keep in touch.
20. See you around.
二、佳句赏析
Visiting Friends
1.情景会话
(David Smith and his wife,Joanna,go visiting Travis Johnson,S&S's General Man
ager and his wife,Betty.)
Travis: Welcome! David,we're so glad you could make it.
David: Thank you for inviting us. Uh,Travis,this is my wife,Joanna. .
Joanna: How do you do? I've heard a lot about you.
Travis: How do you do? Oh,and this is my wife,Betty.
Betty: So happyto meet you both.─sit down,just make yourself at home.
D&J: Thank you.
Joanna:What a lovely house!Did you make it yourself,Mrs. Johnson?
Betty : Oh, call me Beth. Yes, I did the decorating…if you can call it that. Actually, I just tried to make it as simple as possible. I don't like a lot of frills.
Jonna: Oh,me,the same! That's why I think it's so beautiful
2.对话要点分析
1.) David,we're so glad you could make it.
We're so glad you could make it. 意思是:We're so glad you could finally come.
Did you make it yourself意思是 Did you decorate it yourself?
I just tried to make it as simple as possible意思是 I just tried to decorate it as simple as possible
“make”在口语中表达意思和应用功能很多,大家要特别注意积累与它相关的习语和句型。
2.) I've heard a lot about you.
初次见面,当然要说一些客套话,中文里的“久仰大名” ,在英语口语中就变为了 I've heard
a lot about you.或者是 I've often heard about you.
3.) So happy to meet you both.
如果初次和两个人见面,就可以在句末加上 both.如果是两个人以上,可以说
Nice to meet you all.
4.) Just make yourself at home.
客人来访,通常要说“请别拘束” ,那么英语就是用以上这个句子。
5.) What a lovely house!
这是客套话,类似的还有 What a lovely car! What a nice garden! What a cute child!
6.) Call me Beth.
即使刚认识,美国人也更加愿意让对方叫自己的名字,而非姓氏,这样会显得彼此的关系更
加亲密些。
Meeting for the first time
1.情景会话
(David goes to the airport to meet Joanna's uncle, Dr. Johnson. This is the first time they
meet. )
Dave: Excuse me,are you Dr. Smith?
Dr. Smith: Yes I am. And you...
Dave: I'm David,Joanna's husband. She has to be at work late today. Soshe asked me
to pick you up here.
Dr. Smith: So nice to meet you,David. Call me Bill. It's very nice of you to come here.
David: My pleasure....
2.对话要点分析
1.) Excuse me,are you Dr. Smith?
Excuse me 这个短句可以引起别人的注意,也让自己的问话显得更加礼貌。
2.) She asked me to pick you up here.
Pick sb. up 是非常口语化的说法,即“去接某人” 。
3.) My pleasure.
在正式场合,当别人对你表达谢意时,可以说 My pleasure,即“ (为您效劳)是我的荣幸” 。
Introducing People
1.介绍认识
Alice: Mary,this is Joe's brother David.
Mary: I'm very glad to meet you.
Carl: It's a pleasure to meet you.
Mary: How do you like Texas so far?
Carl: It's really different from what I expected.
Mary: Don't worry. You'll get used to it in no time.
2.对话要点分析
1.) I'm very glad to meet you. It's a pleasure to meet you.
自己被介绍时,以上两句都可以表达对对方的敬意。
2.) How do you like Texas so far?
意思是“到目前为止,你对德克萨斯印象如何?”询问对当地的印象,也是北美人初次认识
时经常谈到的话题之一。
类似的问法还有:
What's your impression of the United States?
What do you think of Dallas?
Meeting Again
1.重逢
Paul:Julie,is that you?
Julie:Yes. And you're Paul,right?Paul Hill?
Paul:Yes,it's me. And you're Julie Ashley. How are you?
Julie:I'm fine. After ten years,you still look great!
Paul:So do you!How are you doing?
Julie:Not bad. Let's find a table and sit down. We have a lot to talk about.
Paul:Okay,let's sit over there.
2.对话要点分析:
1.) You still look great!
Great 在这里的意思就是“很棒” 。
2.) How are you doing?
这句话等同于 How are you? 但回答稍有不同,一般可以回答 Not bad. 或 I'm doing well.
Getting to know people
1.认识人
Donna: Hi. Sorry I'm late.
Bill: Oh, that's OK. We just got here. Donna, this is my fiancé, Mary. Mary, this is my
old friend,Donna. We went to school together.
Mary: Hi,Donna. I'm really glad to meet you.
Donna: Hi,Mary. I've heard a lot about you.
Mary: All good,I hope!
Bill: Donna just got back from California.
Mary: Really? How was it?
Donna: It was fantastic.
Bill: You went with your brother,didn't you?
Donna: Yeah.We saw a lot of California,that's for sure!
Mary: I heard you like golf.
Donna: I love it! We played six different golf courses. Do you play?
Mary: I sure do! How about a game this weekend?
Bill: Uh-oh. I was afraid of this.
2.对话要点分析:
Really? How was it?
这里的 Really?其实是表达轻微的惊讶,How is sth.? 则是问某物如何的句型。
三、时尚美语
1. “Yo, Dave!”
2. Hey, man.
3. What up, what up!
4. Later!
5. Call me!
6. Nice chatting with you!
7. Howdy!
8. Pleasure.
9. Catch you later!
10. Enjoy!
11. Hey, brother.
12. Hey, dog.
13. What up, girl.
14. Talk to you.
15. see, yeah!
四,举一反三
1. Hello. Good morning!
嗨!下午好!
晚安!
2. Hi,How are you doing?
身体还好吗?
一切都好吗?
最近过的怎么样?
希望能很快再见面。
13. I haven't seen you for ages.
好久不见。
你最近怎么样?
你最近忙什么呢?
17. Excuse me. Don't I know you from somewhere?
请问,我们以前见过吗?
我好像在哪儿见过你,是吗?
我们一起上过英语课吧?
你曾经在新东方上过课吧?
有问有答:
11. A: ?
B: No,I'm not Dr. Brown. Dr. Brown is over there.
12. A: ,
Mr. Johnson is the marketing director in this company.
B: .
13. A: What's your name?
B: .
14. A: .
B: My name is Jenny Brown. Please call me Jenny.
30. A:Hello. Allow me to introduce myself. I'm your neighbor. My name is Linda.
B:Hi, . Nice to meet you.
A: .
33. A: Happy New Year!
B: .
A: ?
B: I've been invited over to a friend’s. And you?
A: My roommate’s having a party.
34. A: Wendy,I'd like you to meet my brother Sam.
B: Hi.
C: .
B: ?
C: Well,I'm still feeling a little homesick and so many things seem strange to me.
B: You're bound to feel that way at first,I guess.
35. A: Have a nice weekend!
B: .
A: ?
B: Well,my family's away and I can't afford to do much. What about you?
A: .
五、身临其境
1.Greetings 打招呼
Dave: Bill!
Bill: ,Dave.
Dave: How are you doing?
Bill: . This is my sister,Jenny
Dave: ,Jenny.
Jenny: ,Dave.
Jenny:Look! Is that Mr. Robinson?
Bill: Yes. Mr. Robinson! Mr. Robinson!
Mr. Robinson: Bill! Good morning. How are you?
Bill: . So nice to see you here. This is my friend,David. David,this is Mr.
Robinson. Mr. Robinson is an old friend of my family.
David: .
Mr. Robinson: ,Dave
...
3.Getting to know each other
Patty: Hello.
Ray: Hello. I'm Ray.
Patty: I'm Patty. Where are you from,Ray?
Ray: Here ... London,England! ?
Patty: I'm Australian.
Ray: ?
Patty:I'm a designer. And before you ask, I live in London, I'm twenty-three and I'm not married.
Ray: Oh ... er ... well ... I ...
Mike:Hey,Ray. Hello.
Ray:Mike. Hello. Good to see you. Mike, this is Patty. She's a designer from Australia, she lives
in London,she's twenty-five ...
Patty: Twenty-three.
Ray: Twenty-three,and .
Mike: .
Patty: Pleased to meet you,Mike ... Oh look! There's Sam. Sam,Sam ... over here.
Sam: Oh,hi,Patty! What's going on here?
Patty: Sam. .
Sam: Hi.
Ray: Pleased to meet you.
Mike: Hello.
Patty: But we don't know anything about Ray,do we? What do you do Ray?
Ray: Well,it's a bit difficult to explain ...
第二单元 Speaking in a Polite Way
一、经典句型
1. You look great today.
2. You're welcome.
3. I'm sorry, it was all my fault.
4. It doesn't matter.
5. May I help you?
6. Will you do me a favor?
7.You've been really helpful.
8. Do you mind my smoking?
9. I'd appreciate if you could turn down the radio a little bit.
10. Call me up sometime,OK?
11. I'm sorry to hear that.
12. May I bother you for a moment?
13. Will you excuse us for a while?
14. Wouldn't you like some coffee?
15. I'd rather have some tea,if you don't mind.
16. I was wondering what your opinion of ...is
17. Don't you want to go see a movie?
18. Would you like to join us?
19. I'd love to. But I'll have to go to the library tonight.
20. I hate to say this, but I really have to make a complaint.
1.You look great today.
这是一句称赞别人的话,在实际应用时,这类句子又有打招呼的效果。赞美和鼓励是西方生
活文化的重要方面,几乎所有的年轻女性都被称为:pretty girl/pretty woman; 即使你不算漂
亮, 人们也会夸赞你nice, kind, cute...要是你换了新发型, 朋友见到你就会讲You look great today! 这类的句型。 即使你的变化并不是让你更美, 他们也会说: You look different! 总之,老美老是能够想出办法赞美你。注意:当别人夸赞自己的时候,千万别忘了感谢人家的好意,说声:Thank you, 而不能一味的说No,no, no,更不要问 where, where。
举例:
A: Hi, Melissa. You gotta hair cut? You look so different!
B: Thanks.
A: You look so pretty today!
B: Thanks,you look great,too.
2.You're welcome.
外国人在得到别人感谢的时候,一般会说 You are welcome,
表示“不用谢,我很乐意帮你的忙” 。在澳大利亚,人们也常用:
It's ok. 这一句型来回应。
3.I'm sorry, it's all my fault.
Sorry 一词在英语国家很常用,在北美,道歉不一定非要说 Sorry;同样,Sorry 也不一定表示道歉。 例如, 有时 Sorry可以用来引起别人的注意。 这时, Sorry的用法相当于 Excuse me。特别是在北美,Sorry经常被用来代替 Excuse me。当用疑问语气说 Sorry这个词的时候,一般时表示“我没听清,请再说一遍”的意思。表示歉意的程度一般有很多因素决定。比如,场合有多正式?双方的关系如何?当然,最重要的还是要看你犯的错误到底有多严重。错误越严重,相应的道歉也就应该越郑重。正式的道歉一般包括四个部分:
a) 首先用正式的语言表达歉意。可以直接说“I'm sorry” ,也可以说
I didn't mean to ...” ;
I'm awfully sorry.
That was entirely my fault.
I do apologize.
b) 解释一下这个错误是如何造成的;
It was really careless of me.
How clumsy of me!
I'm afraid I overslept.
c) 提出将采用何种方法来弥补这个错误;
d) 保证下次不会再发生类似的错误;
Such things will never happen again.
I will be more careful next time.
Of course, I will do a better job.
I'm sorry, it was all my fault.
非常抱歉,我没想到会这样。
太对不起了,我并不是故意想伤害你。
我要郑重向你道歉,你能接受吗?
4.It doesn't matter
一般情况下,别人道歉后,接受道歉的人都应该用礼貌的方式来表示原谅。
例如:Oh well, never mind.
It's nothing.等等。
举例:
A: I'm terribly sorry, Carla.
B: What's happened, Rob?
A: I'm afraid I've broken a glass.
B: It doesn't matter. I can get another one.
A: I'm awfully sorry, but I seem to have mislaid your scarf.
B: Oh, don't worry about that.
A: I just don't know what to say. I'll replace it, of course.
B: No, that's quite out of the question.
That's all right.
我不介意。
没关系。
5.May I help you?
这样的句型经常出自服务行业的人员:餐厅、饭店、商场等工作人员看到客人的时候,总会 在适当的时候问出:May I help you?这类的句型。
举例:
A: Good morning. May I help you?
B: I'd like to buy a pair of leather shoes.
A: Good afternoon. China World Hotel. Can I help you?
B: May I speak to Joanna Johnson?
6.Do you mind my smoking?
Do you mind my smoking?
I'd appreciate if you could turn down the radio a little bit.
这两个句子用来向别人提出询问和要求, 大家可以看出来,当你想做的事情可能会给别人带来不便时,说话应该比较婉转客气,以表示你对他人的尊重。要注意,对 Do you/will you/would you mind+doing这个句型,如果你不同意对方,你应该回答 I'm afraid yes.如果你同意对方,直接回答:No, not at all. / Not at all, please / go ahead, please 。
7.I'd appreciate if you could turn down the radio a little bit.
这句通过 “appreciate” 和 if 引导的从句来使得语气更委婉,容易让人接受。
举一个例子,如果前面有人挡住了你的视线,你可以这样表达:
Do you / will you / would you mind move aside a little bit?
你也可以这样表达:I'd appreciate if you could move aside a little bit.
举例:
A: You mind my opening the window?
B: Not at all.
A: Is it possible you turn down the radio a little bit? I'd appreciate.
B: Sure.
8. I'm sorry to hear that.
在听到不幸的消息时,这是人们常用的一种表达方法,表示对别人不幸遭遇的同情。
例如别人说: When I was 6 years old, my father passed away. 那么听者就会回答: I'm sorry to hear that.
9. Will you excuse us for a while?
这句话看起来是要别人 excuse us,而实际上这是在向别人提出要求,请他回避,直白的意思就是:Leave us alone. Get out of my room/face,但是这样的语言十分直白,甚至有些粗鲁,只能和家人、朋友使用,或者是你在任性、发脾气时。例:
Will you excuse us for a while? I want to have a personal conversation withJoanna.
10. I'd love to. But I'll have to go to the library tonight.
大家注意,这是一个典型的拒绝别人邀请的句型。先注意前半部分,一般都会认为是肯定回答的标志,但是再看后半部分,出现 But 并跟了一个完美的理由。一般在拒绝别人之前,并不直接回答 No,总是先对邀请虚伪地表达一下感激或赞赏,然后提出拒绝他人的合理理由。如果是接受邀请,则通常会用“Sure” , “Of Course” . “Why not”?等直接的肯定方式。
11. I hate to say this, but I really have to make a complaint?
在英语国家,人们不大愿意向其他人表示抱怨,当然更没有人愿意听到别人的抱怨。因此, 当他们提出抱怨的时候,他们常常使用一种表示抱歉的口吻。常用礼貌用语的句型语汇总结:
感谢他人
Thank you so much!
Thanks a million / Thanks a lot.
I feel/am very grateful (for your help.)
I'd appreciate.
回答
You are welcome.
Don't mention it.
My pleasure.
向人道歉
I'm sorry, it was all my fault.
Excuse me for ...
I really am so sorry.
I'm awfully sorry. I didn't realize.
I'm sorry. I didn't mean to hurt your feeling.
I'm terribly sorry about...
I'm very sorry for...
It was most careless of me.
It was really quite unintentional.
It was most careless of me.
It was wrong of me.
I really feel bad about...
How clumsy of me to...
I apologize for...
I can't tell you how sorry I am.
I do apologize about that.
I beg you pardon.
I hope you will pardon me for...
I must apologize ...
I'm extremely sorry.
May I offer you my sincere apologies for ...?
Please forgive me for...
I've got to apologize for...
回答
It doesn't matter at all.
It's not your fault.
It's nothing.
Never mind.
It's all right.
Please don't worry.
I quite understand.
Don't let it worry you.
Don't think any more about it.
Not to worry.
Forget it.
Please don't feel bad about it.
Please don't blame yourself.
There's no need for you to worry.
There's no reason to apologize.
It's really not necessary.
请求帮助
Will you do me a favor?
Can you help me?
Will you give me a hand?
Please do me a favor.
Do me a favor and ..., will you?
Could/would you do ...,please?
Do you think you could do...?
表示愿意帮忙
Yes, of course.
Sure!
No problem
All right.
婉转地表示不能提供帮助
I'm afraid I can't...
I really/do wish I could help you, but I'm afraid...
I'd like to help, but I'm afraid...
I'd love to help, only...
提出要求
May I smoke here?
May I bother you a moment?
Do you mind / would you mind my smoking here?
Do you think you could possibly lend me 50p?
Would you mind taking a photo of me?
Would you care / mind if I smoke here?
Will you excuse us for a while?
Would you / will you please pass me that cake?
Excuse me miss, could we have a table over there?(注意这是一句向餐厅服务员提出要求坐在
某处的问句。回答可能会是: I'm sorry, we're closing that section.)
I wonder if you could possibly do ...?
Would you mind doing...?
提出建议、发出邀请
What do you want?
You want some Coffee?
Would you like some coffee?
Wouldn't you like some coffee?
Wouldn't you like to go out for a walk?
Why not go out for a walk?
表达意愿
I want to have some Cola.
I'd like to have some orange juice.
I'd loveto go to a concert.
I prefer to see a movie.
I'd rather stay at home.
I'd rather not go out.
不同意或者拒绝别人的做法、建议、要求、邀请,提出自己的意见、要求
I'd appreciate if you turn down the radio a little bit.
I'd rather have some tea if you don't mind.
I prefer some tea if it's convenient.
I'd love to. But I am very busy tonight.
That's a good idea. But I'm afraid I have to work late.
询问对方的个人情况
Can you tell me something about yourself?
May/Can I ask you a few questions?
Could you possibly answer a few questions?
Do you mind if I ask you a few questions?
I hope you don't mind, but I was wondering if you could tell me...?
I wonder if you mind my asking...?
So, tell me about yourself?
询问对方的意见
What's your opinion of...?
What do you think of...?
How do you feel about...?
I was wondering what your opinion of ... is?
What about ...?
表达个人观点
As far as I'm concerned...
In my opinion,...
From my point of view...
Personally, I think...
It would seem to me that...
As far as I' m able to judge, ...
As I see it,...
Frankly, I think...
表示同意对方的观点
I'd go along with you there/on that.
Valid point.
Yes, I'd tend to agree with you there/on that.
I couldn't agree more!
I'm with you there/on that.
婉转地表示不同意对方的观点
Do you really think so?
I'm not really sure I would agree/go along with you there/on that.
I wouldn't agree.
I can't accept that.
婉转地表示对某事不满
I hate to say this, but I really have to make a complaint
Excuse me. I'd like to make a complaint
礼貌地回答(肯定/否定)
肯定回答:
Certainly.
I'd be glad to.
I'd love to.
Sure/OK.
Well, if I can.
Well, of course.
By all means.
Not at all.
否定回答:
I'd like to, but I don't have time.
I'm sorry, I'm busy now.
No, I'm afraid I can't.
No,that's okay.
二、佳句欣赏
Asking for a lift 搭便车
1.情景会话
A:Could you do me a favor?
B:What is it?
A:Could you possibly give me a lift home?
B:All right.
A:Are you sure? I don't want to inconvenience you.
B:No problem. I'd be happy to.
A:Thanks. I really appreciate it. Thanks so much.
2.对话要点分析:
1.) Could you do me a favor?
这句话的意思是“能帮我一把吗?”
2.) All right.
这是一种比较友善的说法,表示“可以的,没问题” 。
3.) I really appreciate it.
当别人帮里你一个大忙,你当然要说“我非常感激你” ,这时就可以用上这个句子。
Picking up things 捎点东西
1.情景会话
A:Could you do me a favor?
B:Sure. What is it?
A:Could you run over to the store?We need a few things.
B:All right. What do you want me to get?
A:Well,could you pick up some sugar?
B:Okay. How much?
A:A small bag. I guess we also need a few oranges.
B:How many?
A:Oh,let's see. . . About six.
B:Anything else?
A:Yes. We're out of milk.
B:Okay. How much do you want me to get?A gallon?
A:No. I think a half gallon will be enough.
B:Is that all?
A:I think so. Have you got all that?
B:Yes. That's small bag of sugar,four oranges,and a half gallon of milk.
A:Do you have enough money?
B:I think so.
A:Thanks very much. I appreciate it.
2.对话要点分析:
1.) Could you run over to the store?
Run over to 是口语化的说法,相当如 go to.
2.) Could you pick up some sugar?
Pick up sth. 就是顺便捎带些东西
例如:I'll pick up cakes for my grandma this afternoon.
3.) We're out of milk.
Be out of sth. 是指“快没有…了” 。
比如 :I am out of money.
We are out of rice and wheat.
Shopping 购物
1.情景会话
A:Excuse me. Could you help me?
B:Certainly. What can I do for you?
A:I'm looking for a leather belt for my husband.
B:Do you know what size he wears?
A:Size 36. . . I think.
B:And what color would you like?
A:Dark brown,if you have it.
B: Okay. Let's see. . . a size 36 dark brown leather belt. Oh, yes. Here we are. Do you
think your husband will like this one?
A:Yes. I'm sure he will. I'll take it.
B:Will this be cash or charge?
A:Do you take Master Card?
B:No,I'm afraid not. We only accept our own store credit card.
A:Oh. In that case,I'll pay cash.
2.对话要点分析:
1.) Could you help me?
注意不要把这句话和 May I help you? 混淆了。
2.) What can I do for you?
这句话就相当于 May I help you?
3.) Dark brown
在颜色的词语前加上 dark,表示“深色的” ,darkbrown 是“深棕色” 。Light 则是表“浅色的” ,如 light yellow是“淡黄色” 。
4.) Will this be cash or charge?
Charge是指用信用卡来支付费用。
5.) In that case
如果是那样,in any case 则是“无论如何” 。
获奖致谢词
1.情景会话
I'm very grateful to receive this award for “Best Actress. ”
I can't begin to tell you how much I appreciate this honor.
There are many people I'd like to thank. First of all,I want to thank my parents for bringing
me into this world. I also want to express my gratitude to all of my teachers over the years,but
especially to my acting teacher,Vincent Lewis,who taught me everything I know.
And finally,I want to express my appreciation to all of my friends for their support,especially to Katherine Miller, for being there when I needed her.This award means a great deal to me. Words can't express how honored I feel at this moment. Thank you very much.
2.对话要点分析:
1.) I'm very grateful to ...
I want to thank ...
Ialso want to express my gratitude to ...
I want to express my appreciation to ...
这四个句型,都用于在正式场合表达自己的感激之情。
三、举一反三
5.What do you want?
想喝点什么?
喜欢吃点什么?
6.I'd rather have some tea, if you don't mind.
我更想喝点咖啡,如果不麻烦的话。
我不想出去,我宁愿呆在家里。
如果可以的话,我想同贵公司的总裁谈话。
7.Do you mind my smoking here?
如果我抽烟,您会介意吗?
我可以打开窗子吗?
可以打搅一下吗?
您介意我把声音开大一点吗?
可以打搅一下吗?
8.Do me a favor please?
帮个小忙可以吗?
帮我搭把手?
可以帮帮忙吗?
9.I'd appreciate if you could turn down the radio a little bit.
如果可以的话,请您将您的帽子摘下来。
请各位在演出期间关闭各位的手提电话。
10.I'm afraid I can't go with you.
我很愿意帮助你,可是我晚上还有一堂课。
我非常想帮你的忙,不过这几天实在是抽不开身。
11.A: Pardon me. Can I ask you a question?
B: Certainly.
A: Can I park my car here?
B: Yes, you can.
A: Thanks.
A: 对不起,能打扰一下吗?
B: 没问题,说吧。
A: 我能在这儿抽烟吗?
B: 对不起,不过我想这儿不能吸烟。
A: 哦,好的。谢谢。
12.A:Could I ask you to make three copies for me?
B:Three copies?Okay.
A:Thanks.
B:You're welcome.
A:你介意再帮我拿几个干净杯子吗?
B:几个干净杯子?没问题?
A:谢谢!
B:没关系!
13.Excuse me. I'm sorry to bother you. Could you possibly tell me if there's a post office
nearby?
对不起,打扰一下。您能告诉我他们什么时候来收垃圾吗?
借光,问件事儿。请问你能告诉我这附近哪儿能买到汉堡?
有问有答:
1. A: ?
B: I want a cup of coffee.
2. A: What would you like to eat, John?
B: .
5.A: Which one would you like-this one or that one?
B: .
6.A: Your sweater is really beautiful.
B: .
7.A: You've been really helpful. Thank you so much.
B: .
8.A:The box is very heavy. Will you give me a hand?
B: .
9.A: Wouldn't you like some ice cream.
B: , I'm on a diet.
10.A: Do you mind my smoking here?
B: .
13.A: ?
B: Yes, I'd like to buy a pair of shoes, leather shoes.
17.A: You're late again!
B: . I'm afraid I overslept.
18. A: being late this morning. My alarm never went off.
B:I see.
20.A: ?
B:Yes, of course, here it is.
21.A:I wonder if you could lend me your pen?
B: .I'm using it now.
23.A:I'm sorry to have kept you waiting.
B: .
24.A:Excuse me for interrupting.
B: .
What can I do for you?
28.A: So this is your new flat?
B: Yes.
A: Oh, what an ugly color! Who painted it?
B: I did.
A: . I didn't realize.
四、身临其境
1. Lend a hand 帮忙
A:Would you like me to help you move that desk?
B:不用了,谢谢。我自己可以搬得动。
A:Oh,come on!Let me give you a hand. There's no sense in your moving it yourself if I'm here
to help.
B:你真是太好心了,但是…
A:Look! I insist! You're not moving that desk by yourself.
B:Well,okay. But I really don't want to trouble you.
A:No trouble at all! Honestly! 我很乐意帮你一把。
A:Excuse me. Could you help me for a minute?
B: 当然,什么事儿?
A: Could you tell me how to transfer a call?
B: Sure. Press the red button. 然后拨另一个办公室,再挂断。
A: I see. First, I press the red button. Then, I dial the other office and hang up. Right?
B: 对,就这样。
A: Thank you.
B: 不用谢。
A:我能帮你吗?
B:Yes,I'd like a steak.
A:How would you like it?
B:中等熟的。
A:Okay. And would you prefer a baked potato or rice with that?
B:我要一个烤土豆。
A:Anything to drink?
B:那么给我来杯咖啡吧。
A:Okay. That's a medium raresteak with a baked potato and a cup of coffee.
A: Can I help you take out the garbage?
B: No. That's okay. 我自己能行。
A: Please. Let me help you.
B: 那好吧,如果你不介意的话。
A: No,not at all.
B: 非常感谢。
2. Visiting the patient 看望病人
A: Hello, Paul. 你好些了吗?
B: Oh, not too bad.
A: 我给你带了些巧克力来。
B: Oh ... um... the doctor said I couldn't eat anything sweet.
A: 哦,对不起,我没想到。
B: It doesn't matter. You didn't know.
3. Getting sth. to eat 吃点东西
Tim: Tony has just brought us some refreshments.
Tony: Yes,there is plenty for everyone. ?
David:We are always hungry.
Tony: Let's see. . . you take cream in your coffe,Auntie Sundi?
Sundi:Just sugar. Thank you.
Tony: ?
Tim: Black coffee will be fine and one of those sandwiches. They look good!
Tony: What about you,Allen? You like hot chocolate or a glass of milk?
Allen: I'd like chocolate and one of those ice cream bars.
David:A Tab for me. I can drink milk at home. And some cookies would be fine. Thanks.
Tony: ?
David:No,thanks. We just had lunch.
Tony: Auntie Sundi?
Sundi:Thankyou,no. This is just good.
4. Returning the book 还书
A: Hello, John! Come in.
B: Thank you. I've brought your book back, Mary.
A: Oh, thank you. Just put it on the table, will you?
B: Look, Mary, I'm sorry, .
A: Oh?
B: Yes, I spilt some coffee on it, I'mafraid. I really am sorry. It was terribly careless of me.
A: ! You seem to have spilt a whole pot of coffee on it. Oh well, these things happen.
B: I'll get you another copy.
A: Oh, no. .
B: But it does matter.
A: No, no, forget it. It's not important. I've read it anyway.
B: Well, if you are sure ...
A: Of course I am. Now let me get you some tea.
第三单元 Time is Golden
一、经典句型
1. What time is it?
2. Do you have the time?
3. You got a watch?
4. It's twenty to three.
5. It's a few minutes after 9.
6. I get up before 6:00 everyday.
7. Will you be here at ten o'clock tomorrow?
8. We won't be late, right? / We'll be on time, won't we?
9. It happened in 1978.
10. I can't remember the last time I saw you.
11. What day is today?
12. What's the date today?
13. I was born on February 23rd,1979.
14. China saw a great change in the late 1970s.
15. I went to San Francisco last month.
16. What's your time there?What time is it, over there?
17. It's October 1,our National Day.
18. I'd like to get away. / I'd like to take10 days off,starting next Thursday.
19. When do you clock in? / What time do you start work in the morning?
20. The restaurant doesn't open until 11:50.
1.What time is it?
Do you have the time?
You got a watch?
Can you tell me the correct time?
以上都是时间的询问句型。前面三句都是简洁、随便的问法,最后一句则比较客气。第二句
Do you have the time?有很多同学会误认为是:你有空吗?实际上“the time”是在问具体的
钟点。如果是“Do you have some time?”这个句型,则是在问对方是否有时间。另外,非
常口语化地问别人是否有空,经常是:Do you have a second / minute?有的时候,在我们想
同比较陌生的,攀谈的时候我们可以通过询问时间来开始接触。
It's twenty to three. = It's 2:40
叙述时间也大有学问,以下面的时间为例:
9:00 9:05 9:15 9:30
9:35 9:45
北美人最常用的表达方法为直接读数法, 基本原则为冒号前数字一读, 冒号后数字一读:
nine O'clock / nine O'clock sharp
nine o five
nine fifteen
nine thirty
nine thirty-five
nine forty-five
使用介词 past 和 to表达时间
nine O'clock
Five past nine
A quarter past nine / Fifteen past nine
Half past nine
Twenty five to ten
A quarter/ fifteen to ten
有的时候也用介词 before ,of
nine O'clock / nine hundred / nine sharp
Five of nine
fifteen of nine
thirty of nine
twenty- five before ten
fifteen before ten
It happened in 1978.
在表达具体年份时,基本原则是:两位一读,见到 0 的时候可以单独以 O 的发音读出。
以下面的年份为例:
1900 1905 1910 1938
1965 1990
nineteen hundred
nineteen o five
nineteen ten
nineteen thirty eight
nineteen sixty five
nineteen ninety
two thousand
What day is today?
What day was yesterday?
What day is tomorrow?
What's the date today?
What was the date yesterday?
What is the date tomorrow?
注意: What day is today?是问今天星期几。而What's the date today?则是问你今天几号了?
这一区别应熟记于心, 并在实际生活中能够做到灵活应用。不论回答星期或者具体的日期都使用句型 It be,注意如果是表达昨天的日期,用 It was ...,而明天则仍用 It's
I was born on February 23rd,1979.
想要对时间、日期的表达脱口而出,首先应对 1-100内的基数词、1-31内的序数词、一周中七天、一年中 12 个月的表达十分熟练。一周中七天的表达
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
Sunday
一年中的 12个月
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
基数词 序数词
One First
Two Second
Three Third
Four Fourth
Five Fifth
Six Sixth
Seven Seventh
Eight Eighth
Nine Ninth
Ten Tenth
Eleven Eleventh
Twelve Twelfth
Thirteen Thirteenth
Fourteen Fourteenth
Fifteen Fifteenth
Sixteen Sixteenth
Seventeen Seventeenth
Eighteen Eighteenth
Nineteen Nineteenth
Twenty twentieth
Twenty-one twenty-first
Twenty-two twenty-second
Twenty-three twenty-third
China saw a great change in the late 1970s.
除了以上所列举的内容,我们还要学会其它一些常用的表示时间的词和词组:
in the next century 下个世纪
in the early 1060s 20 世纪 60 年代初
in the late 1970s 20 世纪 70 年代末
during the early part of the 19th century 19 世纪初叶
countless centuries ago 几百年以前
in the forties and fifties of last century 上个世纪四五十年代
the latter 18th century 18 世纪后期
the mid-19th century 19 世纪中期
the latter part of the 15th century 15世纪后半叶
for about a third of a century 大约三分之一世纪的时间
half a year 半年
during the 114 years since 1861 自 1861 年以来的 114 年间
a common year平年
all the year round 一年到头
year book 年鉴,年刊
the solar year / calendar 阳历
the lunar year / calendar 阴历
leap year 闰年
late last year 去年底
the second half of 1999 年下半年
in the year of 2002 2002 年
during the late years of the Qing Dynasty 清朝末年
next day 翌日
every other day 隔日
in the following few days 随后几天
in a day or two 过一两天
in the early days of ... 在...期间
dawn 黎明
dusk 黄昏
twilight 薄暮
early morning 凌晨
late in the day 当天晚些时候
from 8:00 a. m. till 4:20 p. m. 从上午八点钟到下午四点二十分
2. What's your time there?
这个句型是问:你那里现在是几点钟?
这种问句是在我们想了解各地时差时常用的方式。我们还可以问 What's the difference
between your time and GMT. GMT = Greenwich Mean Time.格林威治标准时间
It's October 1,our National Day.
中国的节日想必大家都比较熟悉了。 现在把一些常用节日的英文翻译以及一些西方节日介绍如下:
农历新年: Chinese lunar New Year's Day.
春节: Spring festival
元旦: New Year's Day
灯节:the Lantern Festival
清明节:Clear and Bright Festival/ Tsingming Festival
端午节:Dragon Boat Festival
中秋节:Mid-autumn Festival
国际劳动妇女节:International Working Women's Day
国际劳动节:International Labor Day
国际儿童节:International Children's Day
国庆节: National Day.
独立日:Independence Day
加冕日,登基日:Coronation Day
耶稣蒙难日:Good Friday
复活节: Easter
万圣节前夜:Halloween
万圣节:All Saints' Day
圣诞节前夜:Christmas Eve
圣诞节:Christmas Day
What time do you start work in the morning?
你早上几点上班?
在英国等西方国家,人们的工作时间一般是每天七小时,一周五天工作制。一般上班时间为 9:00或者 9:30。
The restaurant doesn't open until 11:50.
这家饭店中午十一点才开门。
与此相关的几个单词:
-opening hours/opening times 一般是指商店、银行每天开业的时间。
与此相对的是 closing hours.关门时间。
-office hours 与 opening hours 略有不同。一般指公共机构、政府部门的办公时间。
-weekend hours 周末上班时间。西方很多商店,机构周末不营业、办公; 如果办公、营业,时间也会与周一到周五不同。
这里还要区分两个常用单词,weekdays and weekends。中文中没有与 weekdays 相对应的翻译。Weekdays 其实就是指周一到周五的这五天。
谈论时间的句子
It's two o'clock.
It's two o'clock sharp.
It's past ten. (刚过十点)
It's a little after eight.
It's almost eight.
It's later than 8:20 a.m.
It's long before seven.离七点还早呢。
It's not quite six.
It's not quite six.
It's something like 3:25.
It's a few minutes after two.
There're still ten minutes left.
It's a few minutes after two.
My watch if fast and your watch is slow.
I don't know what time it is.
I don't think it's four o'clock yet.
It must be about three thirty.
I get up before six o'clock every day.
The restaurant doesn't open until seven forty-five.
It's 7:00 by my watch.
My watch says 7:00.
My watch keeps very good time.
My watch goes a bit too slow.
My watch keeps stopping.
My watch has stopped.
I must have forgotten to wind it last night.
It loses/gains about two minutes a day.
Well, I'm afraid it's a bit slow/fast.
I've just set my watch by the radio time signal.
My clock has run down. It needs winding up.
That clock is always off.
询问时间的句型。
What time do you have?
Have you got the time?
What time is it now?
Excuse me. Can you tell me the correct time?
Can you tell me what time it is?
Do you know what time it is?
What's the time by your watch?
When is breakfast?
What's the hour?
Will you be here at 10:00 tomorrow?
Can that clock be right?
Is your watch right?
Does your watch keep good time.
It's the twenty-first century now.
Another century has rolled away / passed.
The twenty-first century opened.
This is the Nineteen Nineties.
表述年份
What year is this?
I know what year it is. This is Two Thousand and Two.
What year were you born in?
Where were Helen and Bill last year?
My wife and I will go to the United States next year.
It's years since we last met.
Where will you be at this time next year?
表达季节
The year is divided into four seasons: spring, summer, autumn and winter.
We are now at the end of the spring. (现在已经是暮春了。)
When winter comes, we're obliged to spend more time indoors because out doors is too cold.
The days get shorter and nights longer in autumn.
When summer comes, the weather gets warmer and sometimes it's very hot.
I'm glad winter is over.
表达月份
What month is this?
Where were you last April?
The spring months are March, April and May.
讲述日期
What's the date today?
Today is November first, nineteen sixty-three.
When were you born?
I was born on November first, nineteen thirty-five.
Today is my birthday.
My sister was born in nineteen thirty-eight.
I don't know the exact date.
Where were you born?
I was born in a little town not far from here.
What do you know about the tenth century?
I don't know anything about that.
Let's talk about something else.
Where were you during the month of April last year?
I don't remember where I was then.
I don't know the exact date.
There's a calendar on the desk. It shows Friday,the twenty-ninth.
How time flies! Tomorrow is Saturday already.
Next Friday is May 4th.
Where will you be next year at this time?
It's the fourth of April.
What day was the day before yesterday?
For which day?(哪一天)
二、佳句赏析
My watch is slow表慢了
1.情景会话
A: It's getting dark.
B: Yes, what time is it? I don't have my watch with me.
A: It's ten minutes to five.
B: Perhaps your watch is slow.
A: Oh, it has stopped. I must have forgotten to wind it last night.
B: Let's ask Mary over there. Mary,have you got the time?
C: Yes,it's six twenty.
B: Is your watch right?
C: I think so. I set it by the radio this morning.
2.对话要点分析:
1.) It's ten minutes to five
即“现在是5 点差 10分” ,to 表示“不到、差” ,如 five to ten 就是“10 点差 5 分” 。
2.) Mary,have you got the time?
这句话相当于“你知道现在几点吗?”
3) Yes,it's six twenty.
即“现在是 6 点 20 分” ,这是最简便的时间表达方式,即先说小时,再说分钟,如 five
twenty-five 就是“5 点 25 分” 。
Waiting for a bus 等公车
1.情景会话
A: We've been waiting here for nearly ten minutes now,and there still isn't a bus in sight.
B: I'm afraid we'll be late for the party.
A: Have you got the time, Tom?
B: Yes,my watch says a quarter to seven.
A: You got the time?
B: No,there is something wrong with my watch!
A: But you bought it only last month.
B: Yes, but ever since I bought it, it gains about five minutes a day, so I've got to have it
repaired.
A: How long will it take us to get there?
B: I think about ten minutes by bus.
A: It's not far away, then. Let's walk, it's beginning to rain.
B: Wait! I think I see a bus coming now. Let's hope it's the No. 22 bus.
2.对话要点分析:
1.) Yes,my watch says a quarter to seven.
这是用 says 是较口语化说法。
2.) It gains about five minutes a day.
这里的意思是“每天都多快五分钟” 。
Telephone inquiry 电话问询
1.情景会话
A: Hello, this is Wal-mart. Can I help you?
B: Hello. What time do you close, please?
A: We close at 10:00 every day. And we open at 9:00 in the morning.
B: Oh. Ok. And are you open on the weekends?
A: Same hours as on the weekdays.
B: Wow. You guys never take a break! I want to come in and have a look at your sale. Your
sale is still on, isn't it?
A: Yes, it runs till the end of the month. But things are clearing out fast.
B: Ok, I'll come down tonight. Thanks.
A: Thank you for calling.
2.对话要点分析:
1.) Hello. What time do you close,please?
Close在本句作“关门” ,如果是形容词则是“接近的、亲密的” ,如His company is very close to mine. Jim is one of my close friends.
2.) And are you open on the weekends?
本句的 open是形容词,表示“开门” 。Weekend 前的介词一般用 on.
3.) Same hours as on the weekdays.
Weekday是指周一到周五。
4.) But things are clearing out fast.
在这个场景中,things 表示“东西、商品” ,clear out 是“被买走” 。
三、举一反三
1.What time is it?
现在 5 点 10分。
现在 6 点 48分。
现在凌晨 2点整。
9. What time does Mr. Brown get up?
Brown 早上几点吃早饭?
Brown 家的孩子早上几点出门?
Brown先生几点钟开始工作?
Brown先生晚上几点到家?
Brown夫妇晚上什么时候看新闻?
Susan上午第一节课几点开始?
Susan 中午几点吃午饭?
Susan晚上几点上床睡觉?
10.Mr. Brown gets up at seven o'clock.
Brown 一家八点吃早饭。
Brown 先生八点半出门。
Brown 先生九点准时开始工作。
Brown 先生中午一点吃午饭。
Brown 先生晚上七点才能到家。
Brown太太晚上六点开始准备晚饭。
Brown 夫妇晚上一般九点看新闻。
四、身临其境
5.Time for test 联系考试
A: Traffic Department.
B: Hello, I need to come in and take the test for my driver's license. 请问你们的服务时间是
多少?
A: 我们从早上 9点到下午三点,在这个时间段你都可以来。
B: And it isn't possible to do it on the weekend, is it?
A: No, I'm sorry. 周末我们休息。
A: Before I eat breakfast.
B: Yeah? 我总是在吃完东西后才刷牙。
第四单元 I Lost My Way
一、经典句型
1. Where's the nearest post office?
2. Excuse me, sir.Where is the post office?
3. It takes 10 minutes to walk to the nearest bus stop.
4. How far is it to the New Oriental School?
5. It's a long way from here.
6. Go straight ahead along this road.
7. At the traffic light turn left.
8. You can't miss it!
9. It's a one-hour drive from home to the office.
10. Catch the Metropolitan to Liverpool Street and then change to the Central Line.
11. Which bus should I take to the Central Park?
12. Where should I get off for the Palace Museum?
13. Is this the way to Peking University?
14. The restaurant is just around the corner
15. It's two blocks ahead.
16. Turn left at the first corner.
17. At which traffic light should I turn left?
18. Excuse me,I lost my way,could you give me some information?
19. It's really hard to get there.
20. Could you tell me how to get the post office?
Where is the nearest post office?
这时一个典型的问路句型。我们知道,问路的最佳对象就是警察。对警察最合适的称呼是什 么呢? 大家回忆以下第一章寒暄的内容,想起来吧,对了,我们通常称呼警察 Sir/ Madam。
在英美,所有的房屋都应该有一个门牌号码。如果你找某个门牌号有困难的话,除了询问警察,还可以询问邮递员。请注意,如果你只知道一家人的姓名及他们居住街道的路名时,你可以试着到公共图书馆或者警察局查问,它们会查阅“选民表”,也就是“Electoral Roll”。这个名单按照街道编排,包含了所有有选举权的人。另外,电话号码簿也是一个不错的信息来源。
类似的句型还有:
Where is the nearest post office?
Which way is it to the Century Theatre?
Is this the way to Peking University?
At which traffic light should I turn left?
It takes ten minutes to walk to the nearest bus stop.
这是一个典型的指路句型。指路句型初看似乎复杂,其实词汇和句式都十分固定。
It's a long way from here. / It's very near.
It will take you 10 minutes to walk there.
It's one-hour drive.
Go straight ahead along this road.
Turn left at the first corner/ intersection/ crossroad / traffic lights.
The restaurant is just around the corner.
You can't miss it!
You'll find it.
我们来看上面的句型基本涵盖了我们常用的指路句型,从这当中我们还可以找到一个用英文指路思路。
- 首先,要给对方一个总的交代句型:
It's a long way from here.
It's very near.
It's 1-hour drive.
给听者一个概念,对自己要找的地方有多远有准备.
- 接下来,具体指路
具体指路要做到明确而简单,在中文当中,我们有十字路口、丁字路口、三岔路口等等;在中文当中我们很喜欢用东西南北表示方向,在英文表达当中我们可以发现很多东西简化了。 英文当中的各种路口,大多数情况下简化成了 corner,有时侯十字路口用 intersection 或者 crossroad来表达;
英文指方向一般用东西南北比较少,简化用左右表达:
turn right
turn left
make a left turn
make a right turn
take a left turn
take a right turn
...
- 确认地点
习惯上给别人指明路线后,还要在给听者一个确认:
The restaurant is just around the corner.
The hotel is just across the road.
New oriental school is just by the World Hotel.
You can't miss it.
You will find it.
这样的句型说出来,让问路的人很放心.
It's one-hour drive from home to the office.
在你向别人问路时, 一般人都会比较热心地回答你。 而你提供给对方的信息也是越全面越好。而路人在给你指路的时候,也因其国家的不同,而有不同的习惯。在美国,人们比较习惯用“距离”告诉你路程的远近,比如: It two blocks away.而英国人更乐于告诉你还需要多长时间可以到达你的目的地,比如:It takes ten minutes to walk there. Turn left at the first corner.
Corner 指街道的拐角处。在这里介绍一下相关的几个词语:
1. cross 十字路口;
2. intersection交叉路口,一条或者多条路通过的路口;
3. fork 岔路,一条路分成两条或者多条。
问路 Asking the way:
Am I on the right road to ...?
Can you tell me where I can ... ?
Could you tell me where the train station is?
Could you tell me how to get to ...?
Pardon me, Can you tell me where ... is?
Excuse me. How can I get to ..., please?
Excuse me. I'm looking for ...
Excuse me. Could you tell me how to get to..?
Excuse me. Is this the right way to ...?
Excuse me. I'm trying to locate this address.
How far is ..., please?
Is it a long walk?
Sorry to trouble you, but could you please direct me to ...?
Where's ..., please?
Will it take me long to get there?
Would you mind telling me if this is the way to ...?
I wonder if you could tell me where ... is.
Excuse me, sir, but can you show me the way to ...?
Would you please show me the way to ...?
Would you mind showing me howto get to ...?
Pardon me, sir, would you be kind enough to tell me where the Post Office, please?
Which is the nearest way to ...?
Is this the right way to ...?
Excuse me. Would you please tell me whether I am on the right way to ...?
指路 Directing theway:
Go straight.
Go straight along this street to ...
Go straight ahead and turn right at the first corner.
Cut across ... and then turn ...
... is the first turning on the ...
Follow this road until you come to ...
Go this way about five minutes, then take the ... turning on the ...
Go straight along this street for about 300 yards.
I'll walk you to ... It's my route.
I'm afraid you're going in the opposite / wrong direction.
Keep straight along this street for two blocks.
Keep on going till you see a bigsignboard.
Just go straight down this street till you see a tall building.
Take the second turn on the right and then ask again.
Take a right at the 15th.
Turn round and take the second left.
Turn left at the first traffic light.
Turn right at the second crossing.
Turn right at the corner.
Walk until you get to the next traffic light. You can't miss it.
Walk a short distance.
Walk across the street and go around the corner.
Walk one block west.
Stay on this road until you get to ...
Just go along this roaduntil you come to a place where the road forks(到岔道口).
Take the road to your right.
You are going in the wrong direction. Come this way.
Take the No.7 bus to .... After you get off, walk back about a hundred yards or so.
就在那里
It's over there.
It's opposite the post office.
It's next to the department store.
It's on the third floor.
It's only a ten-minute walk from here.
It's just around the corner.
It is about fifty meters down the road on the left-hand side.
It's on the left-hand side of the street.
It's not too far.
It's within walking distance.
It's right in the middle of the block.
The place you want is only a few steps ahead on your left.
The school is just around the corner.
The restaurant is across the street from the hotel.
You can't miss it.
表示抱歉不能提供帮助
I'm sorry I'm also new here.
I'm sorry I'm a stranger here myself.
I'm sorry I have just arrived.
The policeman may be more helpful.
乘汽车
Excuse me, does this bus go to the ...?
Yes, it does.
Yes, this is the right bus.
Should I take the No. 12 bus to get to ...?
No. You'll have to take the No. 34 bus.
Excuse me, can I get to the ... by bus?
Yes, take the No. 23 bus.
Yes, but you will have to change buses at ...
Yes, but you will have to change from No 34 to No. 23 bus at ...
Yes, all the buses go past there.
Excuse me. Can you tell me where I can get the bus to ...?
Yes, it is over there across the street, near the Bakery.
Where shall I get off?
Can you tell me where to get off?
I'm sorry but I don't know where to get off.
Oh, will you tell me when we get there, please?
Don't worry. I will call you then.
You'll get off at...
乘地铁
A:Which way do I go for Queensway, please?
B:Take the Bakerloo to Paddington; the District to Notting Hill and then get the Central.(地铁的
中线)
A: Where do I go now?
B: Take the escalator on your right.
How do I get down to the trains?
How do I get to Lancaster Gate, please?
Which line do I take for Marble Arch, please?
Can you tell me the best way to get to Bond Street, please?
Catch the Metropolitan to Liverpool Street and then change to the Central Line.
That's easy; it's the next station down the Central Line.
You want the Victoria to Oxford Circus and then you change on to the Central.
Which platform do I want?
二、举一反三
2. Go straight ahead along this road.
沿这条马路一直北走
沿这条街一直南走
穿行马路,一直向前
3.At the traffic lights turn left.
下一个拐角向左
十字路口向北
第二个红绿灯再向右拐
6. The restaurant is just around the corner
新东方学校就在马路对面.
学校就在饭店旁边.
书店就在银行和食品店中间.
7. Am I on the right road to the hospital?
这条路是到邮局的吗?
这趟车是到动物园的吗?
这班地铁能到火车站吗?
8. Stay on this road until you get to the traffic light, then turn left.
沿着这条路一直走到十字路口,然后向右拐。
沿着河边一直向南走到那座小桥,然后向左拐过桥。
10. I'm afraid you are going in the wrong direction.
我觉得你正好走反了。
我认为去医院不是你走的这个方向
11. Excuse me. Can you tell me where the nearest post office is?
对不起,你能告诉我最近的公用电话在哪儿吗?
对不起,请问到火车站是这条路吗?
12. Yes, it's that way, about two blocks from here.
就在前面那家商店旁边。
不是你现在走的这条路,是那边往左拐的那条。
14. Can I get to the rail station on this bus?
这是从动物园到美术馆的车吗?
这到车是到市区的吗?
15. Is this where I get off?
请问我应该在哪儿下车?
下车后我应该转那趟车呢?
16. You'll have to transfer to a No.8 bus.
下车后在转乘 16 路无轨电车。
直接到不了,还得再转 1 路车。
你坐反了,应该到对面乘坐同一路车。
三、佳句欣赏
Looking for a phone booth 找电话亭
1.情景会话
Dave: Excuse me, madam,could you tell me where the nearest telephone booth is?
Police woman: Sure. It's very near. Go up the street for two blocks,then turn right. It's just by the Commercial bank.
Dave: I go up this street and I turn right at the second corner?
Police woman: Exactly,you can't miss it.
Dave: Thank you,madam
Police woman: Youare welcome.
2.对话要点分析:
1.) Excuse me,madam,could you tell me where the nearest telephone booth is?
这是一个标准的问路句型,类似的还有 Could you tell me the way to …?
2.) Go up the street for two blocks,then turn right. It's just by the Commercial bank.
Block是 “街区” , by在这里是 “在旁边” 的意思, 如 The supermarket is by the exhibition center.
3.) Exactly,you can't miss it.
Exactly表示确切的肯定, “确实如此” ,可以看作是 yes 的加强级。you can't miss it.表示你肯定会找的着。
Visiting the Museum 参观博物馆
1.情景会话
A: Excuse me. Is this the right way to the museum?
B: I'm afraid you're going in the opposite direction. Go back the way you came, and
take the second turn on the left. The museum is straight ahead, right in front of you.
A: Will it take me long to get there?
B: Well, it's about fifteen minutes' walk.
A: Which bus goes there?
B: You may take a No.34 bus. And the subway can also take you there.
A: Thank you very much.
B: My pleasure.
2.对话要点分析:
1) Is this the right way to the museum?
“去博物馆这么走对吗?”用的句型是 Is this the right way to …?
2) Well, it's about fifteen minutes' walk.
本句中 walk 作名词用,前面加上时间,表示步行需要的时间, 例如 It's twenty minutes' walk from my school to the department store.
3) You may take a No.34 bus. And the subway can also take you there.
“乘坐(交通工具) ”用动词 take, 比如 I'll take the plane to go to Hong Kong.
Subway 即地铁,在北美,很多城市都有地下铁路系统。乘坐地铁虽然方便快捷,但是在有些大城市,由于地铁系统非常庞大复杂,不熟悉的人很可能找不到应该坐哪趟车,这时就需要用到一些地铁问路方面的知识。其中最重要的就是要知道,在北美的一些大城市,地铁线都用字母或者数字来表示, 而人们则更习惯用一些相关的词来命名这些路线。例如,the Broadway Local(慢车),the 6th Avenue Express(快车)等等。
Getting to the Bank 去银行
A: 这附近有银行吗?
B: 对不起,我对这里也不熟悉。
C: You're looking for a bank? 我知道不远处有一个。
A: Oh, thanks. 我怎么去呢?
C: 我带你去吧。It's on my route.
A: That's very kind of you.
C: Not at all.
4.The way to the Chemist's 去药房的路
A: Sorry to trouble you, 您能告诉我药房怎么去吗?
B: Well, 沿着这条路走,然后在第二个红绿灯右转。 It's on the corner. You can't miss it.
A: Can I take a bus?
B: No, not necessary. 走路就可以了。
A: Thanks a lot.
B: 不客气。
5、Taking a bus 坐公车
A: Does this bus go to Kennedy Town?
B: 是的,上车吧。
A: Here's five dollars. 车票多少钱?
B: Twenty cents. Haven't you any small change, sir?
A: Here it is. 大概多久能到?
B: About twenty minutes.
6、迷路了 I'm lost.
A: Excuse me. 您能告诉我如何才能到达地址上的这个地方吗?
B: I'm sorry, I don't know. I'm new around here.
A: (to C) 您能帮我吗?
B: Let me see. Hmm.我想你最好还是坐出租车吧。
A: Isn't there any other way?
C: Well, yes, 但你得换两次公车,然后还得再走一段路。
7、逛闹市 Going downtown
A: This bus goes downtown, doesn't it?
B: 是的,你要去那里呢?
A: The Concert Hall.
B: 那么这车正好合适。
A: Will you let me know where to get off?
B: Certainly. Four more stops after this. I'll call out the stops.
第五单元 Talking About My Family
一、经典句型
1. Do you have any brothers or sisters?
2. I have a very big family. I've five brothers and sisters.
3. My parents have been married for over 20 years.
4. I'm the youngest in my family.
5. He has two cousins.
9. Are you married if I may ask?
10. I'm still single.
11. I'll get married soon.
13. What does your father do?
14. May I take your hand?
15. How long have you been living in Chicago?
16. You look so young and beautiful,by the way,may I know how old you are?
17. I just had my thirtieth birthday.
18. My aunt got divorced two years ago,now she lives with her two kids.
19. How has your father been?
二、佳句赏析
Susan feels blue 苏珊很沮丧
1.情景会话
Joann: Susan has been down recently. I saw her this morning,she looked terrible!
David: You have any idea?
Joann: She broke up with her boyfriend.
David: I heard her boyfriend is married.
Joann: She still loves him. That's why she feels upset. Her love is always hardand confusing...
David: Then what about you? How are you getting on with your boyfriend?
Joann: He sometimes really drives me crazy.
2.对话要点分析:
1.) Susan has been down recently.
这里是说 Susan最近很沮丧,down做形容词可以作“心情不好、不开心” 。
2.) She broke up with her boyfriend.
Break up with sb.一般指男女分手,如 Leon just broke up with his girl.
3.) Then what about you?
也可以说成How about you? 这两个句型没有区别。
4.) How are you getting on with your boyfriend?
Get on with sb.是“与某人相处(得如何) ” ,这句话就是“你和男朋友处得怎样?”
Talking about future 谈论未来
1.情景会话
Flora:(Pointing at the picture) Who is this on the water buffalo?
Luke:That's my grand-father. He was a farmer. When he was young,he had to take the water
buffalo to graze in the field.
Flora:Oh yes,that was the best job in most farm families. That's where many ofthem learned to
play the flute.
Luke:My grandfather did that too. He used the time to study instead.
Flora:That's interesting. Go on!
Luke:My grand grandfather was a merchant who ran a small business. He couldn't afford to send
my grand father to school.
Flora:So he became a self-taught man?
Luke:Right. Later he was a soldier and a fireman in the village. When he was middle aged,he
became a great man,quite famous.
Flora:In what field?
Luke:As a leader of police officers in charge of the whole country.
Flora:Is he still in that that type of work.
Luke:No. He retired from that. He is a senator now.
Flora:Would you want to be a senator?
Luke:Well,maybe when I get old. But first I'll be a lawyer.
2.对话要点分析:
1.) Who is this on the water buffalo?
Water buffalo即水牛, “坐在水牛上的是谁?”
2.) Go on!
意思是“接着说” ,类似于 go ahead.
3.) So he became a self-taught man?
Self-taught 就是我们常说的“自学成材” 。
4.) He retired from that. He is a senator now.
Retire from …“从某个单位或职位退休” ,如 My aunt retired from the hospital last year.
Cousin is sick 表弟病了
1.情景会话
A:Have you run into your cousin Jimmy lately?
B:As a matter of fact,I have. I ran into him just the other day.
A:How's he doing?
B:Not too well. He had to have four teeth pulled last week.
A:He did?That's too bad!
B:I think so,too.
A:Next time you see him,please tell him I'm thinking of him.
B:I'll be sure to do that.
2.对话要点分析:
1.) Have you run into your cousin Jimmy lately?
Run into sb.是指“偶然遇到某人” ,lately相当于 recently, 但前者更口语化。
2.) As a matter of fact,I have. I ran into him just the other day.
As a matter of fact 是固定用法,即“实际上” ,同义词还有 in fact, actually等。The other day
是指“前几天” 。
3.) That's too bad!
在听到坏消息时,我们通常要表达遗憾或惋惜。
4.) Please tell him I'm thinking of him.
“告诉他我想着他呢” ,think of 相当于 miss。
Proud of Mom 为妈妈骄傲
1.情景会话
Jimmy:Look!This picture of Mom in her cap and gown.
Lucy: Isn't it lovely!That's when she got her Master's Degree from Miami University.
Jimmy:Yes, we are very proud of her.
Lucy: Oh, that's a nice one of all of you together. Do you have the negative? May I have
a copy?
Jimmy: Surely, I'll have one made for you. You want a print?
Lucy: No. I'd like a slide, I have a new projector.
Jimmy: I'd like to see that myself.
Lucy: Have a wallet size print made for me, too.
Jimmy: Certainly.
2.对话要点分析:
1.) Look!This picture of Mom in her cap and gown.
Cap和 gown在这里是特指授予学位时穿的学位帽和学位服。
2.) Yes, we are very proud of her.
“为某人感到骄傲”通常是用 be proud of 或 take pride in 这两个短语。
3.) No. I'd like a slide, I have a new projector.
Slide是幻灯片,projector 指“放映机” 。
Farewell 道别
1.情景会话
A: I hear you're moving to New York.
B: Yes, I found a very good job down there.
A: Well, we'll certainly miss you in Boston.
B: I'm going to miss you folks, too.
A: Let's keep in touch.
B: OK. I'll drop you a line as soon as I get there.
2.对话要点分析:
1.) I'm going to miss you folks, too.
Folk是口语说法,类似于 guys,相当与书面语中的 people。
2.) Let's keep in touch.
Keep in touch with sb. 是“与某人保持联系” 。
3.) I'll drop you a line as soon as I get there.
美国口语中, 给某人写信不常用 write sb. a letter, 而多用 drop sb. a line。
Complaint 抱怨
1.情景会话
A: How's your new apartment?
B: I thought it was in a quiet neighborhood, but it isn't.
A: What's wrong?
B: One of my neighbors has a dog.
A: Does it make a lot of noise?
B: It barks all night long. I can't stand it.
2.对话要点分析:
1.) How's your new apartment?
How is sth.? 一般用来询问某物或事的状况。
2.) What's wrong?
类似是表达有 What's the problem? What's the trouble?
篇6:小学一年级数学知识点(电子版)
直线:一条拉紧的细线向两方无限延伸就是直线。
直线表示法①两大写字母法如直线AB或直线BA(字母无顺序性)
②小写字母法如直线a
直线特征:
①直线向两方无限延伸
②直线没有粗细不能度量长短。
③两点确定一条直线
④两直线相交只有一个交点。
⑤直线无端点但有无数个点
点与直线的位置关系:①点在直线上(也可说直线经过点)
②点在直线外(也可说直线不经过点)
直线公理:过两点有一条直线,并且只有一条直线。(两点确定一条直线)
【小学教材电子版】相关文章:
2.小学校本教材
3.小学科学教材
4.小学数学教材
5.小学校本课程教材
8.教材
9.文汇报电子版
10.离婚协议书电子版
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