主谓一致用法详解及练习题附答案
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篇1：主谓一致用法详解及练习题附答案
主谓一致用法详解及练习题附答案
．主谓一致
主谓一致是指一个句子的主语和谓语动词保持数的一致关系。英语主谓一致一般要遵循三条原则，即：语法一致原则；意义一致原则和就近原则。
1.语法一致原则
语法一致原则是指谓语动词和它的主语在语法形式上必须取得一致，即主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式，如：
Tom doesn’t like swimming. 汤姆不喜欢游泳。
Jane and Mary look alike. 简和玛丽看起来很像。
意义一致原则是指谓语动词和主语的一致，同由主语所表达的单数概念来决定，而不是根据主语的实际语法形式。有时主语的语法形式是单数，但所表达的概念是复数意义，这时动词应采用复数形式，如：
The football team are having breakfast now. 足球队员们在吃早饭。
The news was exciting. 这条消息令人振奋。
3.就近原则
就近原则指谓语动词的人称和数要在形式上与最靠近它的那个名词或代词取得一致。当一个句子有两个主语而它们又是either...or…, neither…nor…, not only…but also…, or 等连接时，谓语动词与靠近它的主语保持一致，如：
Either your students or Mr Wang knows this. 你的学生们或王老师知道这件事。
Neither Jim nor his friends were interested in this film. 汤姆和他的朋友们都对这部电影不感兴趣。
主谓一致这三个原则中有很多需要注意的问题，
1.主语为集体名词
(1)某些集体名词既可表示单数也可表示复数。如果集体名词作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式，如果就其中一个成员而言，谓语动词用复数形式，如：
Our group were discussing heatedly on the subject. 我们小组成员正对这个问题进行热烈的讨论。（group 指小组成员） Our group is made up of four girls and five boys. 我们小组有4个女孩和5个男孩组成。（group 指小组整体）
The population in China is very large, and one third of the population are farmers.
中国的人口很多，其中三分之一是农民。（前一个population 指整体，后一个population 指成员）
(2)某些集体名词如people, police, cattle, youth 等常作复数看待，谓语动词与复数形式的谓语搭配，如：
The police are searching for him. 警察正在搜寻他。
The cattle were driven away from the hill. 那些牲畜从山上被赶走了。
3.某些名词如equipment（设备），furniture（家具），jewelry（珠宝），clothing（衣服），machinery（机械），表示单数概念，谓语动词要相应地采用单数形式,如：
A lot of equipment has been replaced by the new equipment. 许多旧设备已经被新设备代替了。
All the machinery in the factory was controlled by robots. 这个厂所有的机械都由机器人来控制的。
2.主语为代词
(1)．有些代词尽管意义上是多数，但谓语动词要用单数形式，这类代词有：either, neither, each, another, somebody, someone, something, anything, anyone, everyone, everything, everybody, no one, nothing, nobody 等，如：
Neither likes the friends of the other. 两人都不喜欢对方的朋友。
Everything around us is matter. 我们周围所有的东西都是物质。
注意：
① 在neither of 与either of 的结构中，谓语动词可用单数形式也可用复数形式，如：
Neither of them was / were in good health, but both worked hard.
他们俩身体都不好，但工作却都很努力。
② each 用于单数名词前，谓语动词用单数形式, each 用于复数主语后，谓语动词用复数形式。each of, each one of 后接复数名词或代词，但谓语动词常用单数形式。
Each (one) of the houses was different. 每座房子都不同。
Each student has been given their own e-mail address. 每个学生都得到了一个自己的`电子邮件地址。
They each have their own car.他们每个人都有自己的车。
(2).none 作主语时，谓语动词既可用单数也可用复数，这要取决于说话人的看法，如：
None of us seem to have thought of it. 似乎我们全都没有想到这一点。
None of us has got a camera. (None = Not a single one)我们都没有照相机。
(3).both, (a) few, many, several 作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数形式，如：
Both (of) the instruments are not precise ones. 这两种仪器并不都是精密仪器。
(4).all 作主语表示人时，谓语动词用复数；表示物时，谓语动词用单数，如：
All is well that ends well. 结果好一切都好。
All are eager to reach an agreement. 大家都急于达成一项协议。
(5).either…or…; neither…or; not only; but also; or 连接时谓语通常和最邻近的主语保持一致，如：
Not only Mary but also her parents have agreed to go there. 不但玛丽而且她的父母都同意去那儿。
He or they are to blame ?他还是他们要受惩罚？
主谓一致中还有其它一些问题也是高考常考的热点，下面补充一下这些语法项目。
1.“a number of +复数名词或代词”作主语，表示“许多”之意，谓语动词一般用复数；“the number of +复数名词或代词”作主语，表示“……的数目”，“……的数量”，谓语动词一般用单数, 如：
The number of people invited was fifty, but a number of them were absent for different reasons.
被邀请的人数是50人，但很多人因各自不同的原因没有到席。
2.“分数或百分数+of +名词”作主语，谓语动词要与of后面的名词保持一致，如：
More than 70 percent of the earth’s surface is covered by water. 地球表面70％的地方被水覆盖。
3。.主语后面跟有with, together with, but, along with, like, except, besides, including, in addition to, rather than, as much as, as well as, no less than 等短语时，谓语动词通常和这些短语前面的名词或代词保持一致，如：
E-mail, as well as telephones, is playing an important part in daily communication.
电子邮件及电话在日常交往中起着重要的作用。
4.表示数量、距离、金钱、时间、书名等的复数名词作主语时，通常当作整体看待，谓语动词用单数，如：
There thousand dollars has been spent on books. 这本书花了3000美元。
Ten kilometers is a long way. 一万里是一段很长的行程。
5.由and 连接并列名词短语作主语时，如果是指两个或更多个人或物，谓语动词要用复数；如果是指同一人或物，谓语动词要用单数。这时，and 后面的名词前没有冠词，如：
The singer and dancer is to attend our English party. 这位既是歌唱家又是演员的人将参加我们的英语晚会。
6.不定式短语，-ing 短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数，如：
When and where to build the new factory is not decided yet.什么时间，什么地方建这个新工厂还没有决定。
7.“the +形容词”表示一类人，如the old, the young, the rich, the poor, the black, the white, the dead, the living 等，当它们用作主语时谓语动词要用复数，如：
The old are well looked after by the government. 老年人受到政府极好的照顾。
8.在“one of the +复数名词+定语从句”结构中，复数名词是先行词，定语从句的谓语动词要用复数，但当one 前有the only, the very 等修饰时，one 是先行词，定语从句的谓语动词要用单数，如：
He is the only one of the students who has been a winner of scholarship for three years.
他是唯一一个连续三年获得奖学金的人。
She is one of the few girls who are well paid in the kindergarten. 她是在幼儿园薪水很高少数几个女孩中的一个。
9.Quantity + of +名词用作主语，谓语动词和quantity 保持一致，如：
As a result of destroying the forests, quantities of desert have covered the land.
由于森林受到了破坏，大量的沙漠覆盖了土地。
10. “more than one ＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词常用单数:More than one teachers gets the dictionaries.
“many a ＋名词”作主语时，从意义上看是复数，但谓语动词常用单数：Many a workers has been sent to build the dam．
[主谓一致]
1.About 60 percent of the students ________ from the south,the rest of them ________ from the north and foreign countries. A.are;is B.are;are C.is;are D.is;is
2.Half of the workers here ________ under 30 ________.
A.is;years B.are;year old C.is;years old D.are;years of age
3.Now Tom with his classmates ________ football on the playground.
A.play B.are playing C.plays D.is playing
4.The number of pages in this dictionary ________ about two thousand.
A.are B.has C.have D.is
5.Thirty dollars ________ too expensive.
A.are B.is主谓一致用法详解及练习题附答案C.were D.be
6.The secretary and principal ________ at the meeting now.
A.are speaking B.is speaking
C.were making a speech D.have a speech
7.“If anybody ________,please put down ________ name,”said the teacher to the monitor.
A.wants to buy the book;his B.want to buy the book;their
C.will buy the book;one’s D.wants to have the book bought;her
8.Nothing but one desk and six chairs ________ in the room.
A.are B.is stayed C.is D.are left
9.Between the two roads ________ a TV tower called“Skyscraper Tower”.
A.stands B.standing C.which stands D.stand
10.Either of you ________ going there tonight.
A.will B.was C.is D.are
11.You as well ________ right.
A.I are B.I am C.as I am D.as I are
12.All but Dick ________ in Class Three this term.
A.are B.is C.were D.was
13.Where to get the materials and how to get them ________ at the meeting.
A.have not discussed B.have not been discussed
C.has not discussed D.has not been discussed
14.I took mathematics and physics because I think that ________ very important for me to make further research in this field.
A.what is B.they are C.this D.which are
15.Every student and every teacher ________.
A.are going to attend the meeting B.have attended the meeting
C.has attended the meeting D.is attended the meeting
主谓一致：
1.解析：分数和rest作主语，谓语的数应与它们后面的中心名词保持一致。答案：B
2.解析：half作主语时，谓语要与half后面的名词保持一致。workers是复数，谓语也要用复数。答案：D
3.解析：Tom是主语，with...是状语。答案：D
4.解析：the number作主语，谓语用单数。答案：D
5.解析：度、量、衡作主语，把它作为一个整体看待，视为单数。答案：B
6.解析：the secretary and principal 只有一个冠词，一身兼两职：是书记也是校长。答案：B
7.解析：anybody作主语，谓语是单数；泛指一个人（的）一般用he （his）。答案：A
8.解析：nothing作主语，谓语用单数。答案：C
9.解析：主语是a TV tower。这是一个完全倒装结构。答案：A
10.解析：either作主语，谓语用单数。答案：C
11.解析：主语是you。as well as I（不仅是我）是状语。答案：D
12.解析：All是主语，它在这儿指人，所以应是复数。答案：A
13.解析：两个不定式的动词相同，属于同一概念，所以谓语仍然用单数。答案：D
14.解析：they代替“mathematics and physics”。答案：B
15.解析：every+n. and every+n.属于同一概念。答案：C
篇2：主谓一致练习题及答案
题目
1, who____ your friend, will try my best to help youwith your English.
A.am B.is C.are D.be
2. The rich____ not always happy.
A.are B.is C.has D.have
3. NeitherTom nor Jack and I ____ his students.
A.are B.am C.is D.was
4. Mary aswell as her sisters ____ Chinese in China.
A. are studying B. have studied C.studies D. study
5. Neither myfather nor I ____ at home.
A.am B.is C.are D.be
6. Not onlymy brother but also I ____ good at painting. Both of us ____ good painters.,
A.are;are B.am;am C.ani;are D.is;is
7. Every' boyand every girl ____ to attend the evening party.
A.wish B.wishes C.is like D.like
8. Over 80percent of the population of China ____ peasants.
A.was B.is C. would be D.are
9. Thepopulation of China ____ larger than that of .any other country in the world.
A.is B.are C.has D.have
10. Everymeans ____ tried but without any result.
A. have been B.is to be C.are tobe D. has been
11. Alice,together with two boys,____ for having broken the rule.
A. was punished B. punished C. werepunished D. being punished
12. TheLeague secretary and the monitor____ asked to attend the .meeting thisafternoon.
A.is B.was C.are D.is being
13. The greatwriter and professor____.
A. is an old man B. are both old men
C. is an old man and a young man D. were two Chinese
14. There____ a pen, two pencils and three books on the desk.
A.are B.is C.has D.have
15. A largenumber of students in our class____ girls.
A. are B. was C. is D. be
16. Thenumber of deer, mountain lions and wild roses ____ much if people leave thingsas they are.
A. doesn' t change B.don't change C.change D.changed
17. TheArabian Nights ____ well known to the English.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
18. ChairmanMao' s works ____ published.
A. has been B.have been C.was D.is
19. Achemical works____ built there.
A. is to being B.have been C. were to D.has been
20. TheOlympic Games ____ held every ____ years.
A.is;four B.are;four C.is;five D.are;five
21 .The United States of America one of the most developed countries inthe world.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
22.He is theonly one of die students who ____ elected.
A. are B.have C.has D.is
23.Theis isone of the most interesting questions that ____ asked.
A.have B.has C. havebeen D.has been
24.Many a man____ come to help us.
A.have B.has C.is D.are
25.“All____present and all____ going on well,” our monitor said.
A.is;is B.are;are C.are;is D.is;are
26. Thepolice ____ the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in atheatre.
A. is searching for B. were searching for
C. are searchingfor D. were searching
27.Yourtrousers____ dirty.You must have____ washed.
A.is;il B.are;it C.are;them D.is;them
28.This pairof trouseis ____ too long for him.
A.is B.be C.are D.were
29. One and ahalf bananas ____ left on the table.
A.is B.are C.has D.have
30. Eight times eight ____ sixty - four.
A.is B.are C.get D.equal
31 .Ten minutes____ an hour when one is waiting for aphone call.
A.seems B.seem C.seemed D.seemes
32.____of themoney____ nm out.
A. Three-fifth; has B. Three-fifth; has been
C. Three-fifths; has D. Three-fifths; have
33. The wholeclass ____ the teacher attentively.
A. are listening to B. is listening to
C.are listening D. is listening
34.1 havefinished a large part of the book, the rest of which___ more difficult.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
35. Betweenthe two rows of trees ____ the teaching building.
A.stand B.stands C.standing D.are
36. Largequantities of water ____ for irrigation.
A. is needed B. has -needed C. areneeded D. need
37. That theywere wrong in these matters ____ now clear to us all.
A. is B.was C.are D.all
38.What weneed____ good textbooks.
A.is B.are C.have D.has
39. What yousaid just now____ the matter we are discussing.
A.have something to at B. has something to do with
C.had something to do with D.has been something to do with
40. More thanone member ____ against the plan.
A. is B.are C.has D.have
41. When and where to build the new factory ____ yet.
A. has not decided B. is not decided
C. are not decided D. have not decided
42. Half ofthe fruit ____ bad.
A. are B. has C. is D. have
43. ____ either of your parents come to see you recently?
A. Have B. Had C. Has D. Is
44. Mathematics ____ the language of science.
A. are B. are going to be C. is D.is to be
45. My family ____ small.
A. is B.were C. are D. makes
46. The following ____ some other examples.
A. are B. is C. was D.were
47. They both have some friends; but his ____ more active.
A. is B. will be C. was D. are
48. Both rice and wheat ____ grown in that country.
A. is B. are C. was D. has
49. Early to bed and early to rise ____ a good habit.
A. are B. is C. were D.was
50. To play basketball and to go swimming ____ useful forcharacter-training.
A. was B. is C. are D.were
51. Either he or I ____ to attend the mass meeting this evening.
A. is B. am C. are D.be
52. ____ either he or I to attend the mass meeting this evening.
A. is B. am C. are D.be
53. An iron and steel works, with some satellite factories, ____ tobe built here.
A. are B. were C. is D.will
54. She as well as her brother ____ a League member.
A. are B. were C. will D.is
55. His family ____ a big one. Now the family ____ watching TV.
A. is, are B. are, is C. is, is D. are, are
56. It is I who ____ going to attend the meeting tomorrow.
A. is B. am C. are D.be
57. More than 60% of the students ____ the countryside.
A. is B. are C. is from D.are from
58. Many a man ____ the novel.
A. has read B. have read C. is read D.are read
59. Tom is the only one of the students who ____ going to swim thisafternoon.
A. is B. was C. are D.were
60. Here ____ a pen, a few pencils and some paper for you.
A. are B. is C. was D.were
答案
1~5AAACA
6~10 CBDAD
11~15 ACABA
16~20 AABDB
21~25 ADCBC
26~30BCAAA
31~35 ACAAB
36~40 CABBA
41~45 BCCCA
46~50 ADBBC
51~55BACDA
56~60 BDAAB
篇3：主谓一致语法练习题及答案
主谓一致语法练习题及答案
Part 1
( ) 1. -Have you got some water to drink?
-Here you are. There___ still some in the bottle.
A. are B. were C. is D. was
( ) 2 ._____ there many American friends in the school last Friday?
A. Is B. Was C. Are D. Were
( ) 3. There ____ a great many accidents last year.
A. were B. are C. is D. was
( ) 4 .-How many children ____ in the picture?
-Three.
A. has there B. is there C. have there D. are there
Part 2
( ) 1. In 1850, about a third of U. S. A___ covered by forests.
A. were B. has been C. / D. was
( ) 2. Most of our earth____ covered by water.
A. are B. is C. was D. were
( ) 3. Sunday ____ the first day of the week.
A. is B. are C. am D. be
( ) 4.Neither___right.
A. answers are B. answers aren't C. answer is D. answer isn't
Part 3
( ) 1. The population of the world ____ still ____ now.
A. has; grown B. will; grow C. is; growing D. is grown
( ) 2.There ____ many people running in the park every morning.
A. is B. were C. are D. have
( ) 3. These police often___the children across the street.
A. help B. helps C. helping D. is helping
Part 4
( ) 1. ___ going to England by air next week.
A. The Green family are B. The Greens family are
C. The Green's family are D. Green family are
( ) 2.The whole family ____ enjoying the beautiful music now.
A. is all B. all is C. all are D. are all
( ) 3.Our class ___ big.
A. is B. are C. were D. will
Part 5
( ) 1. Neither he nor I ____ from Canada. We are from Australia.
A. is B. are C. am D. be
( ) 2. Either you or he ____ right.
A. are B. is C. does D. were
( ) 3. Neither Mary nor her brother____ good at singing.
A. is B. are C. is not D. are not
( ) 4. Not only Tom but also Alice and Mary ____ busy.
A. is B. was C. are D. has
Part 6
( ) 1. Physics ___ interesting to us.
A. are B. has C. is D. were
( ) 2. The news____ exciting. We got excited at it.
A. is B. was C. were D. are
( ) 3. Though mathematics____ hard, we all work at it hard.
A. are B. were C. was D. is
参考答案：
1. 1 -4 C D A D
2. 1-4 D B A C
3. 1 -3 C C A
4. 1 -3 A D A
5. 1 -4 C B A C
6. 1 -3 C B D
篇4：高考主谓一致练习题
高考主谓一致练习题
题目：
11. It ____I who _____leaving for London.
A.is…is B. am…is C. is…am D. am…am
12. Not only Tom but also his wife ____fond of watching television.
A. are B. were C. be D. is
13. When and where to build the new factory ____yet.
A. is not decided B. are not decided
C. has not decided D. have not decided
14. Although the first part of the book is easy， the rest ______.
A. are difficultB. has proved difficult
C. is supposed difficultD. have been found difficult
15. That they were wrong in these matters _____ now clear to us all.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
16. Half of his goods ____ stolen the other day.
A. are B. were C. is D. was
17. Mathematics ____the language of science.
A. are B. are going to be C. is D. is to be
18. Each of the students _____ a Chinese-English dictionary.
A. have B. has C. there is D. there are
19. They each ____ a beautiful handkerchief.
A. have B. has C. there is D. there are
20. Between the two rows of trees _____the teaching building.
A. stand B. stands C. standing D. are
【答案解析】
11-15 CDABA 16-20 BCBAB
篇5：语法和词汇考点详解----主谓一致
【命题依据】 主谓一致是历年高考试题中的主要测试点之一，它主要以单项填空的形式来测试语法形式上一致的原则，语言内容上一致的原则，谓语与毗邻主语一致的原则，同时还涉及动词时态、语态和修饰等。由于汉语中没有主谓一致问题，所以，有时，我们很难把握这一语法现象。尽管近几年全国高考对主谓一致这一语法现象的考查的频率不高，但在今后的高考试题中还是不可避免的。我们在注意掌握主谓一致的基本原则的同时，要特别注意语言内容上一致的原则，分数、百分数、不定式、动名词、主语从句等用作主语的主谓一致问题仍将会是今后高考命题的热点。
[例题1]-How did your students express their thanks to you on Teachers’ Day?
-A gift, together with many flowers ____ sent to me by my students.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要注意当主语后面带有with等介词短语时谓语动词与主语在人称和数上的一致关系。
【答案解析】题干中句子的主语是A gift ，介词短语together with many flowers在句中用作状语，故谓语动词应用单数形式，因动作已在过去发生，故用一般过去时。答案C。
[例题2]-Mike, what did our monitor say just now?
-Every boy and every girl as well as teachers who ____ to visit the museum ___ asked to be at the school gate before 6∶30 in the morning.
A. is; is B. are; are C. is; are D. are; is
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要理解题干结构，把握以every, no, each 等限定的并由and连接的两个并列名词用作主语时的主谓一致以及定语从句中的主谓一致。
【答案解析】该题为一个带有定语从句的复合句，句中作定语的关系代词who指代先行词teachers，为复数，故谓语动词该用are； as well as连接两个主语时，谓语动词要根据前一个主语决定；由 every, no, each 等限定的并由and连接的两个并列名词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。答案D。
[例题3] Children under sixteen are not permitted to see such kind of films ___ bad for their mental development.
A. that is B. that are C. as is D. as are
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要准确判断such...that与 such...as 引导从句的区别以及以kind of构成的短语作主语时主谓一致关系。
【答案解析】分析句子意思及句子结构，该句为such...as引导的定语从句，不属 such...that 引导的结果状语从句，故排除选项A、B；在 kind of +名词作主语时，其谓语动词要与kind保持一致，故该句中谓语动词用单数。答案C。
[例题4]-What’s your favorite in your spare time, Jack?
-Writing stories and articles ____ what I enjoy most.
A. is B. was C. were D. are
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要注意把握动名词、不定式以及主语从句用作主语时的主谓一致关系。
【答案解析】分析句子意思可知，该题是“动名词+名词复数”作主语，在这一结构中，谓语动词应由动名词决定，“写小说和文章”是强调“写作”这一概念，为单数形式，表示现在的状态。答案A。
[例题5]-Are the new machine working?
-Yes. Three million tons of coal ____ exploited every year in the city.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要注意不可数名词被表示“数量、容量单位的复数名词+of”限定，用作主语时的主谓一致的运用。
【答案解析】句中coal（煤）为不可数名词，被 three million tons of限定，在句中作主语。这时，句子谓语动词的数应与 of 短语中表示“数量”的名词“tons”一致，故要选复数形式的谓语动词。根据句子意思，选项部分为一般现在时的被动结构，选项 C、D都是主动语态结构。答案 B。
[例题6] I have finished a large part of novel written by Dickens, the rest of which ____ very difficult.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要注意句中关系代词which所指代的名词。
【答案解析】根据句子意思可知，句中关系代词which所指代先行词 novel为一整体概念的名词，应视为单数，说明代词 the rest为 novel的部分，也应该视为单数形式，故句子的谓语动词为单数形式，强调现状，用一般现在时。答案 A。
[例题7] The great writer and professor ___, who ___ very strict with his students.
A. is an old man; isB. are both old men; are
C. is an old man and a young man; is D. are two Chinese; are
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要注意区别由and连接的两个可以兼类的名词作主语时的主谓一致关系。
【答案解析】句中and连接的两个名词为可以兼类的表示人的职业的名词，当两个名词前被一个冠词限定时，应视为单数，表示一个人，当两个名词前分别有冠词限定时，应视为复数，表示两个人；根据句子结构，定语从句中的关系代词who指代的先行词就是前面的单数名词，故定语从句也应为单数形式。答案 A。
[例题8] A large number of students in our school from the countryside; the number growing these years.
A. is; has been B. are; has been
C. is; have been D. are; have been
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要注意a number of 和the number of 后接名词复数作主语时的主谓一致关系。
【答案解析】a number of意思为“许多”，后接复数名词作主语时，应视为复数，谓语动词要用复数形式； the number of后接复数名词，意思为“……的数量”，表示单数意义，谓语动词要用单数形式。答案B。
[例题9] What the remote areas need ____ education to children and what the children need ____ good textbooks at the moment.
A. is; are B. are; is C. was; were D. were; was
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要注意由特殊疑问词what引导的主语从句作主语时的主谓一致关系。
【答案解析】一般情况下，what引导主语从句，常表示单数意义，谓语动词用单数形式，但当它所指的具体内容是复数意义时，谓语动词要用复数形式。该题强调现在，用一般现在时态。答案A。
[例题10] There ____ a table, four chairs, three bikes in the courtyard, in the middle of which ____ two tall trees with great shade.
A. are; is B. is; are C. has; have D. have; has
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要准确判断there be结构中地点状语前置的主谓一致关系。
【答案解析】在there be句型结构中，如果有两个或两个以上的名词位于 there be之后，用作句子的主语时，be动词的单复数应与最靠近它的名词保持一致，故第一空选 is；第二空为地点状语前置，选项后的名词为句子的主语，为复数名词，故谓语动词要用复数形式。选项 C、D均为结构错误。答案 B。
[例题11] The Arabian Nights ____ well瞜nown all over the world, in which many a story ____ interesting and instructive.
A. is; are B. are; is C. are; are D. is; is
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要注意把握以复数形式出现的书名、人名、国名等专有名词用作主语以及“many a+单数名词”用作主语时的主谓一致关系。
【答案解析】题干中the Arabian Nights为书名，形式上是复数，但谓语动词要用单数形式；如果主语名词被 many a限定，从意义上看为复数，但谓语动词仍用单数形式。答案D。
[例题12] The young ____ eaten up almost everything; one and a half bananas ___left on the table.
A. is; are B. are; is
C. has; have been D. have; has been
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要注意有些形容词前加上the以后表示一类人用作主语以及 “one+and a half +复数名词”用作主语时的主谓一致关系。
【答案解析】第一空the young 意思为“年轻人”表示复数意义，故谓语动词要用复数形式，且用主动语态；第二空 “one + and a half +复数名词”，常视为单数意义，谓语动词用单数形式，且用被动结构，选项B第一空为被动结构，不符合句子意思。答案 D。
篇6：高中语法复习：主谓一致的练习题
1.I, who____ your friend, will try my best to help you with your English.
A.am B.is C.are D.be
2. The rich ____ not always happy.
A.are B.is C.has D.have
3. Neither Tom nor Jack and I ____ his students.
A.are B.am C.is D.was
4. Mary as well as her sisters ____ Chinese in China.
A. are studying B. have studied C. studies D. study
5. Neither my father nor I ____ at home.
A.am B.is C.are D.be
6. Not only my brother but also I ____ good at painting. Both of us ____ good painters.,
A.are;are B.am;am C.ani;areis
7. Every' boy and every girl ____ to attend the evening party.
A.wish B.wishes C.is like D.like
8. Over 80 percent of the population of China ____ peasants.
A.was B.is C. would be D.are
9. The population of China ____ larger than that of .any other country in the world.
A.is B.are C.has D.have
10. Every means ____ tried but without any result.
A. have been B.is to be C.are to be D. has been
篇7：《朝花夕拾》练习题附答案
《朝花夕拾》练习题附答案
文学名著阅读。（5分）
小题1:《朝花夕拾》是鲁迅的回忆性散文集。其中《 》一文记述了儿时盼望观看迎神赛会的急切、兴奋的心情，和被父亲强迫背诵《鉴略》时扫兴而痛苦的感受；还有一些作品，如《 》，在颇具讽刺意味的描写中，表达作者对清国留学生的厌恶与嘲讽。
小题2:请仿照示例，依据《汤姆?索亚历险记》的内容，从所提供的标题中任选一个，用几句话介绍它的情节，并简要写出你的思考（可评价人物，可叙说启发）。（3分）
【鲁提辖拳打镇关西】鲁提辖赠送银两、打发金氏父女走后，设计教训镇关西，不料三拳竟把镇关西打死了。
【我的思考】鲁提辖是一个扶危济困、嫉恶如仇的人。
备选标题： ①了不起的粉刷工 ②扮一回胆大包天的`海盗 ③快乐的海盗营地
【 】 _____________________
【我的思考】 _____________________
参考答案：
小题1:《五猖会》 《藤野先生》
小题1:本题3分。“介绍情节”2分（见“示例”），脱离原著或另编故事，不得分；“我的思考”1分，只要结合情节恰当评价人物或叙说启发，即可得全分（以下仅为示例）。
示例一：【了不起的粉刷工】姨妈罚汤姆刷围墙，汤姆设法让伙伴们主动替他干活，而他自己则一边休息，一边用刷墙的机会换来了一件又一件物品。（只要提到“汤姆让伙伴帮助刷墙”就可得全分）
【我的思考】汤姆真是个“狡黠”的男孩，他的所言所行无不显示出他的聪明、机智和可爱。
示例二：
【扮一回胆大包天的海盗】汤姆离开学校后产生了当海盗的念头，在林间小径上与好友乔?哈泼照着书上的打斗场景扮演了一回海盗。（提到“汤姆想当海盗”得1分，提到“与乔?哈泼扮演海盗”得全分）
【我的思考】“海盗情结”反映了汤姆对平庸守旧的社会生活的厌恶，对自由理想世界的向往。
示例三：
【快乐的海盗营地】汤姆欣赏了岛上的晨景，就和乔?哈泼、哈克在沙滩上嬉戏，吃完鲜美的营地早餐，三个小“海盗”就踏上了林间探险的旅程。（提到“欣赏晨景，沙滩嬉戏”或“海盗生活”得1分，提到“营地早餐，林间探险”得全分）
【我的思考】放飞童心，投身自然吧，去享受自然馈赠给我们的那份闲暇，那份宁静，那份洒脱！
这是对文学及名著的知识考查，要求学生对教材中及课后推荐的名著要点加以了解和识记，尤其是名著里主要的知识点要记牢。学生要学会根据命题要求推荐文学名著。（2）小题属于名著推荐，学生根据积累，推荐合理即可。
篇8：文言文练习题附答案
文言文练习题附答案
文言文，完成9—12题。
拨乱世，反之正，莫近于《春秋》。《春秋》文成数万，其指数千，万物之散聚皆在《春秋》。《春秋》之中，弑君三十六，亡国五十二，诸侯奔走不得保其社稷者，不可胜数。察其所以，皆失其本已。 故曰‘臣弑君，子弑父，非一旦一夕之故也，其渐①久矣’。故有国者不可以不知《春秋》，前有谗而弗见，后有贼而不知。为人臣者不可以不知《春秋》，守经事②而不知其宜，遭变事而不知其权。为人君父而不通于《春秋》之义者，必蒙首恶之名。为人臣子而不通于《春秋》之义者，必陷篡弑之诛，死罪之名。其实皆以为善，为之不知其义，被之空言而不敢辞。夫不通礼义之旨，至于君不君，臣不臣，父不父，子不子。君不君则犯，臣不臣则诛，父不父则无道，子不子则不孝。此四行者，天下之大过也。以天下之大过予之，则受而弗敢辞。故《春秋》者，礼义之大宗也。夫礼禁未然之前，法施已然之后；法之所为用者易见，而礼之所为禁者难知。
壶遂曰：“孔子之时，上无明君，下不得任用，故作《春秋》，垂空文以断礼义，当一王之法。今夫子上遇明天子，下得守职，万事既具，咸各序其宜，夫子所论，欲以何明？”太史公曰：“《春秋》采善贬恶，推三代之德，褒周室，非独讥刺而已也。汉兴以来，臣下百官力诵圣德，犹不能宣尽其意。且士贤能而不用，有国者之耻；主上明圣而德不布闻，有司之过也。且余尝掌其官，废明圣盛德不载，灭功臣、世家、贤大夫之业不述，堕先人所言，罪莫大焉！余所谓述故事，整齐其世传，非所谓作也，而君比之于《春秋》，谬矣。”
于是论次③其文。七年而太史公遭李陵之祸，幽於缧绁，乃喟然而叹曰：“是余之罪也夫！是余之罪也夫！身毁不用矣。”退而深惟曰：“夫《诗》、《书》隐约者，欲遂其志之思也。昔西伯拘羑里，演《周易》；孔子厄陈、蔡，作《春秋》；屈原放逐，著《离骚》；左丘失明，厥有《国语》；孙子膑脚，而论兵法；不韦迁蜀，世传《吕览》；韩非囚秦，《说难》、《孤愤》；《诗》三百篇，大抵贤圣发愤之所为作也。此人皆意有所郁结，不得通其道也，故述往事，思来者。”于是卒述陶唐以来，至于麟止，自黄帝始。
本文节选自《史记·太史公自序》
【注】①渐：渐进发展 ② 经事：常规之事。 ③论次：论述编次。
9. 下面句子中加点的字解释不正确的是（ ）
A. 君不君则犯 犯：犯罪
B. 被之空言而不敢辞 被：遭受
C. 万事既具，咸各序其宜 咸：全部
D. 犹不能宣尽其意 宣：颂扬
【知识点】本题考查考生理解文言实词在文中的含义的能力，能力层次为B级（理解）。
【答案和解析】答案：A 解析：犯，作乱。
【思路点拨】文言实词绝大部分是一词多义，采用逐词逐句排除的方法答题虽然可行，但费时太多，不可取。在大致理解文意的基础上，结合上下文推断其义，可收事半功倍之效。
10. 下列各组句子中，全都表明“《春秋》者，礼仪之大宗也”的一组是（ ）
①拨乱世，反之正，莫近于《春秋》 ②为人臣者不可以不知《春秋》
③夫不通礼义之旨，至于君不君， ④《春秋》文成数万，其指数千
⑤《春秋》采善贬恶，推三代之德 ⑥上无明君，下不得任用，故作《春秋》
A. ①⑤⑥ B. ②④⑥ C. ②③⑤ D. ①③④
【知识点】本题考查考生归纳内容要点，概括中心意思，能力层级C级（表达运用）。
【答案和解析】答案：C 解析：①句是说《春秋》的作用 ④句是说《春秋》文字篇幅，要旨多。⑥句是说孔子写春秋的原因。
【思路点拨】这类考题的考查经常以多角度提问的方式，要求考生作出较为全面的内容归纳和概括。正确解答这类题，需仔细阅读全文，比较准确全面地把握文章。然后，看题目要求的答题范围是“局部内容”还是“整体内容”——如是前者，需要将选项跟原文中的有关内容进行对照，以避免错论；如是后者，则需要遗漏细节，因为细节对于答案的正确与否，往往起着重要的作用。
11. 下列对原文的理解，不正确的一项是（ ）
A. 从司马迁与壶遂的对话来看，司马迁写《史记》的原因是他曾担任太史令的职务，不愿弃置天子圣明盛德而不予记载，埋没功臣、世家、贤大夫的功业而不予载述，从而违背先父的临终遗言。
B. 因为上没有圣明君主，处在下面又得不到任用，所以孔子撰写《春秋》。留下一部空洞的史文来裁断礼义，当作一代帝王的`法典。
C.《春秋》之中记载了三十六次弑君事件，五十二次亡国事件和诸侯不计其数的不能保其国家的事件。所以《春秋》是一部讥刺历史的著作。
D. 司马迁开始论述编次所得文献和材料。到了第七年，太史公遭逢李陵之祸，被囚禁狱中，横被腐刑，愤懑不平之辞，使读者不禁掩卷叹息。
【知识点】本题考查考生筛选并整合文中的信息，对原文内容进行分析和概括的能力，能力层次为C级（分析综合）。
【答案和解析】答案：C 解析：《春秋》是一部讥刺历史的著作错。原文“非独讥刺而已也”。
【思路点拨】这类题一般以选择题的形式考查，选项按原文顺序，依次对内容进行分析、概括，其中一个错误项的错误设置有隐蔽性和迷惑性，它往往在大体正确的前提下设置一些与原文时间、地点、人物及事件不符的内容、词语。做题时要仔细推敲，认真比对。此类题目选择肢中设错类型可分为信息错位、错解词语、强加因果（或因果倒置）、无中生有、颠倒是非将文中未然的信息说成必然等。解题时考生应审准题干，依文索义，正确分析
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